| sample preparation for chlamydia pneumoniae pcr. | fifty-three clinical specimens taken from the retropharyngeal mucosa of patients with longstanding respiratory tract infections were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using two different methods for sample preparation. all specimens were divided into two aliquots, one treated with proteinase k, and the other with the amplicor sputum sample preparation kit. all tests were run in parallel, employing a primer pair specific for chlamydia pneumoniae. of the samples prepared with the amplicor kit ... | 1995 | 7612262 |
| prevalence of asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriage of chlamydia pneumoniae in subjectively healthy adults: assessment by polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay and culture. | although chlamydia pneumoniae is a well-described and common respiratory tract pathogen, up to 90% of infections with this organism are thought to be asymptomatic. because asymptomatic infection with c. pneumoniae has not been studied in a systematic manner, we conducted a prospective study of healthy adults to establish the prevalence of asymptomatic infection. nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from 104 subjectively healthy people and evaluated by culture and polymerase chain reaction ... | 1995 | 7619996 |
| molecular identification of an avian strain of chlamydia psittaci causing severe keratoconjunctivitis in a bird fancier. | a healthy female bird fancier developed progressive follicular keratoconjunctivitis despite topical treatment with antibiotics and steroids. although bacterial, viral, and chlamydial cultures were negative, direct fluorescent antibody staining of conjunctival scrapings revealed chlamydial lipopolysaccharide; however, this procedure failed to detect the major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydia trachomatis. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) used with species-specific primers to the momp ... | 1995 | 7619997 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae twar in human coronary atherectomy tissues. | chlamydia pneumoniae twar has been associated with coronary heart disease by seroepidemiologic studies and direct detection of the organism in atheromatous lesions of coronary arteries and aorta. in this study, 38 fresh tissue specimens from patients with coronary artery lesions that were treated by directional coronary atherectomy were tested for c. pneumoniae. twenty-three specimens were from patients with primary lesions and 15 were from patients with restenoses. c. pneumoniae was detected by ... | 1995 | 7622912 |
| reactivation of chlamydia pneumoniae lung infection in mice by cortisone. | to study persistent infection, reactivation of chlamydia pneumoniae lung infection in mice was attempted by immunosuppression with cortisone treatment. four-week-old swiss-webster mice were treated with cortisone acetate (125 mg/kg) every other day for a total of six doses, starting on day 28 after intranasal inoculation of c. pneumoniae ar-39. c. pneumoniae was recovered from the lungs in 6 of 13 animals after six doses of cortisone, while control animals given saline remained negative. c. pneu ... | 1995 | 7622914 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae (twar) in coronary arteries of young adults (15-34 years old). | an association of chlamydia pneumoniae with atherosclerosis of coronary and carotid arteries and aorta has been found by seroepidemiology and by demonstration of the organism in atheromata. age-matched control tissue from persons without atherosclerosis was usually not available. we studied autopsy tissue from young persons, many with no atherosclerosis, to determine whether c. pneumoniae is present in atheroma in young persons with early atherosclerosis and to compare the findings in age- and s ... | 1995 | 7624342 |
| positive serology for chlamydia: is it always for chlamydia trachomatis? | in this study we tried to determine the factual prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis seropositive women. sera of 174 sexually active women of reproductive age who attended the emergency room in our gynecology department were tested by both a species-specific solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (speia, immunocomb, orgenics, israel) and by an immunoperoxidase assay (ipa). one-hundred and twenty-two of 174 women (70.1%) tested were found positive for c. trachomatis by the ipa test. the speia test identif ... | 1995 | 7635372 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae: risk factors for seropositivity and association with coronary heart disease. | two studies have suggested that seropositivity for chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (chd) but the association remains tenuous. further data is required in other populations to consolidate this observation. | 1995 | 7636277 |
| interaction of outer envelope proteins of chlamydia psittaci gpic with the hela cell surface. | the chlamydial life cycle involves the intimate interaction of components of the infectious elementary body (eb) surface with receptors on the susceptible eukaryotic cell plasma membrane. we have developed an in vitro ligand binding assay system for the identification and characterization of detergent-extracted eb envelope proteins capable of binding to glutaraldehyde-fixed hela cell surfaces. with this assay, the developmentally regulated cysteine-rich envelope protein omp2 of chlamydia psittac ... | 1995 | 7642297 |
| usefulness of omp1 restriction mapping for avian chlamydia psittaci isolate differentiation. | sixty-five avian chlamydia psittaci isolates collected worldwide, including 27 previously characterized reference strains, were analysed by restriction mapping of the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1) obtained after dna amplification by pcr. they were compared to 2 ruminant isolates, a feline pneumonitis and a guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) isolate. according to their omp1 restriction patterns, avian strains were heterogeneous in that they exhibited 6 and 4 distinct patterns u ... | 1995 | 7652209 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae myocarditis. | | 1995 | 7658858 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and chronic pharyngitis. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been implicated as an etiological agent for both upper and lower respiratory tract infections. we describe 4 cases of chronic pharyngitis where chlamydia pneumoniae appears to be the etiological agent. all the patients were non-smokers, and had symptoms of more than 6 months' duration. disease symptoms seemed to resolve following appropriate antibiotic treatment. | 1995 | 7660087 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection in italian patients. | of 91 adult patients with respiratory tract infections, 13 (14%) had serological evidence of recent infection with chlamydia pneumoniae. the clinical picture was consistent with asthmatic bronchitis in three patients, whilst exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were present in five subjects and, pneumonia was diagnosed in the remaining five. our findings provide evidence of an aetiological association between c. pneumoniae and respiratory infections in our region (bari, south i ... | 1995 | 7663485 |
| transport and storage conditions for cultural recovery of chlamydia pneumoniae. | chlamydia pneumoniae is characterized by rapidly decreasing viability outside the host cell, and efficient preservation of its infectivity is a prerequisite for subsequent cell culture recovery. extracellular survival of three c. pneumoniae stock strains and three wild-type strains subjected to simulated conditions of transport was therefore examined in order to establish recommendations for transport and storage of clinical specimens. the presence of fetal calf serum in transport media as well ... | 1995 | 7665648 |
| mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: comparative efficacy and safety of clarithromycin vs. erythromycin ethylsuccinate. | we evaluated 260 previously healthy children ages 3 through 12 years who had clinical signs and symptoms of pneumonia, radiographically confirmed. patients were randomized 1:1 to a 10-day course of either clarithromycin suspension 15 mg/kg/day divided twice a day or erythromycin suspension 40 mg/kg/day divided twice a day or three times a day. evidence of infection with chlamydia pneumoniae was detected in 28% (74) of patients: 13% (34) by nasopharyngeal culture and 18% (48) by serology with the ... | 1995 | 7667050 |
| some aspects of the immune response of koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) and in vitro neutralization of chlamydia psittaci (koala strains). | western-blot analysis was used to study the reaction of koala antisera, two specific polyclonal antibodies and one monoclonal antibody, with chlamydial antigens in koalas infected with chlamydia psittaci. the koala sera recognized four c. psittaci surface antigens, corresponding to the major outer membrane protein (39.5 kda), 31 kda protein, 18 kda protein and lipopolysaccharide. the s25-23 lps specific monoclonal antibody inhibited chlamydial infection (55-67%) with both koala strains (type i a ... | 1993 | 7682465 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in aortic lesions of atherosclerosis by immunocytochemical stain. | recent evidence has shown the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae antigens and nucleic acid in coronary artery atheromas from autopsy patients in south africa. in this study, the immunocytochemical technique was used to demonstrate c pneumoniae antigens in atheromas of the aorta in autopsy patients from retrospective aortic atherosclerosis studies at the university of washington. the patients were 34 to 58 years old. immunoperoxidase staining using chlamydia-specific monoclonal antibodies showed on ... | 1993 | 7691166 |
| chlamydial infection of the respiratory tract. | chlamydial infection of the human respiratory tract was first described over 100 years ago, when outbreaks of psittacosis were linked to imported pet birds. the causative organism was identified subsequently as chlamydia psittaci. however, c. pneumoniae, has also been recognised recently as an important cause of human respiratory tract infection. approximately 300 cases of human chlamydial respiratory tract infection are reported to cdsc each year, mainly in adults aged 15 to 44 years. a prospec ... | 1993 | 7693170 |
| antigenic characterization of chlamydia pneumoniae isolated in hiroshima, japan. | the morphology and antigenic property of elementary bodies (ebs) of new chlamydia pneumoniae yk-41 strain isolated in hiroshima, japan, were compared with those of c. pneumoniae strains tw-183 and ar-39, c. trachomatis l2/434/bu strain and c. psittaci cal 10 and budgerigar-1 strains by sds-page and immunoblotting techniques. in spite of a clear difference in eb morphology between the yk-41 and the other c. pneumoniae strains used, protein profile of the yk-41 strain in sds-page was similar to th ... | 1993 | 7694051 |
| effects of two antibiotic regimens on course and persistence of experimental chlamydia pneumoniae twar pneumonitis. | we studied the effects of two antibiotic regimens on the course of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in the lungs of swiss webster mice. after intranasal challenge with isolates ar-388 (1.3 x 10(7) inclusion-forming units per mouse) and ar-39 (1.5 x 10(6) inclusion-forming units per mouse), groups of animals were treated with either doxycycline (10 mg/kg of body weight once a day for 3 days), azithromycin (10 mg/kg [single dose]), or saline. responses were assessed by the isolation of organisms in ... | 1995 | 7695327 |
| [detection of chlamydia psittaci in vaginal discharge of cows: a necessary enlargement of bacteriologic diagnosis for the etiologic clarification of fertility disorders in the female cow]. | vaginal discharge from 119 dairy cows from 59 herds was examined bacteriologically, including application of the ideia chlamydia test, to detect genus-specific chlamydial lps-antigen. a putrid quality of specimens was closely correlated with isolation of actinomyces pyogenes (p < 0.001). the ideia was positive for 39 of 65 (60.0%) non-putrid specimens and for 16 of 54 (29.6%) putrid specimens; a non-putrid quality of specimens was closely correlated with the detection of chlamydial antigen (p < ... | 1994 | 7701862 |
| elementary body agglutination for rapidly demonstrating chlamydial agglutinins in avian serum with emphasis on testing cockatiels. | the development and use of a stained chlamydial elementary body agglutination (eba) antigen for detecting antibody activity in avian sera is described. examples of serologic results on serum samples from various types of birds indicate the usefulness of eba, latex agglutination (la), and direct complement fixation (dcf) in diagnosing avian chlamydiosis. results of tests on 10 cockatiels examined in clinics indicate that a combination of serology, culture, and/or antigen-detection enzyme-linked i ... | 1994 | 7702517 |
| fulminant psittacosis. | | 1995 | 7709005 |
| incidence of community-acquired pneumonia and chlamydia pneumoniae infection: a prospective multicentre study. | this one year prospective multicentre study was designed to determine the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. it was carried out in primary health care centres and three reference hospitals, located in the 'maresme' region (barcelona, spain) serving a population of 39,733 subjects over 13 years of age. patients suspected of having contracted community-acquired pneumonia were visited by their family doctors and referred to the three reference hospitals for confirmation of the dia ... | 1993 | 7710453 |
| acute exacerbations of asthma in adults: role of chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | respiratory infections precipitate wheezing in many asthmatic patients and may be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of asthma. several studies have demonstrated that viral infections may provoke asthma. bacterial infections seem to play a minor role. however, chlamydia pneumoniae has been recently reported as a possible cause of asthma. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of c. pneumoniae infection in acute exacerbations of asthma in adults. seventy four adult out-patients with ... | 1994 | 7713198 |
| development and evaluation of an indirect elisa to detect antibodies to abortion strains of chlamydia psittaci in sheep sera. | a novel indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies against abortion strains of chlamydia psittaci (c. psittaci) has been developed. the antigen used was chlamydial elementary bodies treated sequentially with n-lauroyl sarcosine and n-octyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside and finally solubilized with n-lauroyl sarcosine and dithiothreitol. treating the antigen with sodium periodate after coating of the plates increased the specificity for antibodies to abortion strains. the test was ... | 1995 | 7716879 |
| atypical pneumonias in children. | the major agents responsible for atypical pneumonia in children include a wide variety of organisms, one mycoplasma species, two chlamydia species, a rickettsia, and one fastidious bacterium. mycoplasma pneumoniae and c. pneumoniae together may be responsible for over 40% of these infections. recognition of the role that these agents play in pneumonia is important since many of the diagnostic methods used to detect these organisms are not available in most hospital microbiology laboratories. if ... | 1995 | 7718203 |
| importance of smoking for chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity. | population-based studies of the association between smoking and chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity do not exist. the role of smoking in the association between c. pneumoniae seropositivity and coronary artery disease (cad) suggested by several studies has been debated. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking habits and c. pneumoniae igg antibody titres in a middle-aged population. we also wanted to find out whether the difference in smoking habits between the sex ... | 1994 | 7721536 |
| antichlamydial antimicrobial therapy for asthma. | | 1995 | 7726929 |
| susceptibility of chlamydia pneumoniae to oral agents commonly used in the treatment of respiratory infection. | | 1994 | 7730224 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae. | chlamydia pneumoniae, a fairly recent addition to the genus chlamydia, has been shown to cause community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonias, and to be a common infectious agent in human populations throughout the world. it has a wide variety of clinical presentations, and may be associated with ischaemic heart disease. like other species in the genus, it is difficult to isolate by cell culture: clinical diagnosis therefore rests on other techniques, each of which presents particular problems. th ... | 1994 | 7730230 |
| antibiotics in acute bronchitis. | | 1995 | 7739333 |
| antigenic diversity of ruminant chlamydia psittaci strains demonstrated by the indirect microimmunofluorescence test with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced to find strain markers essential to the epidemiological study of chlamydial abortion of ruminants. their specificity was tested on 53 c. psittaci strains including 35 ruminant strains isolated mainly from abortion, belonging to serotype 1 and which are invasive in our mouse model (rodolakis et al., 1989), and 14 ruminant strains mostly intestinal, belonging to serotype 2 and non-invasive for mouse. one strain specific mab was obtained reacting only with ... | 1995 | 7740760 |
| serologic evidence of respiratory and rickettsial infections among somali refugees. | somali refugees living in a camp located in djibouti were studied in october 1991 and may 1992. the refugees had been living at the camp for about two years. the median age of volunteers was 25 years, of whom 69% were female. paired sera obtained seven months apart were evaluated by complement fixation, microimmunofluorescence, indirect fluorescent antibody, streptococcal antibody, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques for evidence of pathogen infection. fifty-two percent, 31.3%, 8.0% ... | 1995 | 7741176 |
| severe human psittacosis requiring artificial ventilation: case report and review. | severe respiratory failure is an uncommon manifestation of psittacosis. we describe a patient with psittacosis who developed severe respiratory failure and required artificial ventilation. we also review 11 cases reported in the english-language literature over the past 30 years. a history of exposure to birds was reported in 10 of 12 cases and remains the most significant risk factor. severe hypoxemia or renal impairment was associated with a poor prognosis. eight patients died of psittacosis o ... | 1995 | 7742452 |
| hepatitis in farmed hatchling nile crocodiles (crocodylus niloticus) due to chlamydial infection. | an investigation into the cause of acute mortality in farmed hatchling crocodiles crocodylus niloticus led to the isolation of chlamydia from the livers of affected animals. prominent pathological finds were acute hepatitis with intracellular chlamydial colonies and generalized oedema. a chlamydia presumed to be c. psittaci was isolated from livers of affected hatchlings. mortality subsided after treatment with oxytetracycline. this disease is now recognized as being a major problem on crocodile ... | 1994 | 7745587 |
| infection with chlamydia pneumoniae in infants and children with acute lower respiratory tract disease. | the role of chlamydia pneumoniae in the etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children is little understood. we studied the prevalence of c. pneumoniae infection in hospitalized infants and children with acute lower respiratory tract disease by cell culture, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), enzyme immunoassay and serology. of 290 patients with a mean age of 3.7 years, only 3 (1%) were identified to be infected with c. pneumoniae. one child was positive in the cell c ... | 1995 | 7746693 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae (twar): a common agent in acute bronchitis. | | 1994 | 7747109 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae-induced ciliostasis in ciliated bronchial epithelial cells. | the ciliary activity of ciliated bronchial epithelial cells was studied after infection with chlamydia pneumoniae (strain tw-183) and chlamydia trachomatis (biovar l2 [434/bu]). c. pneumoniae, known to cause respiratory infections, had a marked ciliastatic effect, completely aborting ciliary motion within 48 h. this effect was not inhibited by inactivation of c. pneumoniae elementary bodies (ebs) by uv irradiation. in contrast, inactivation of ebs by heat (56 degrees c, 30 min) or by rabbit-spec ... | 1995 | 7751703 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia with endocarditis. | | 1995 | 7752791 |
| polymerase chain reaction for detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in gargled-water specimens of children. | the objective of the present study was to establish the occurrence of chlamydia pneumoniae by direct detection in gargled-water specimens obtained from 193 children suffering from acute or chronic respiratory infections. specimens were analyzed by an indirect immunofluorescence test (iif), a genus-specific antigen enzyme immunosorbent assay (eia) and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pathogen was detected in three children by pcr only. as underlying disease, chronic obstructive bronchitis ... | 1995 | 7758482 |
| [hemorrhagic macular choroidopathy in young adults. apropos of a case]. | we report a case of haemorrhagic macular choroidopathy in young adult occurring in a 24-year-old woman. the aetiology of the affection remains unknown in europe, but many authors suggest arterial dissemination of an infectious agent may be involved, as in the american form. in the case described here, it could be chlamydia psittaci. | 1995 | 7759762 |
| a complement-fixation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as an aid in the serological investigation of enzootic abortion in ewes. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which detects complement fixed in an antigen/antibody complex (cfelisa) was used to examine sera previously examined by the complement fixation test (cft) in an investigation of enzootic abortion in ewes (eae). the cfelisa was easy to perform and did not suffer from the many drawbacks of the cft. accepting a cft titre of > or = 32 to indicate infection, the cfelisa had a sensitivity of 98 per cent and a specificity of 100 per cent; the predictive value of a p ... | 1995 | 7761702 |
| electrophoretic analysis of the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia psittaci reveals multimers which are recognized by protective monoclonal antibodies. | purified major outer membrane protein, detergent solubilized and reduced with dithiothreitol but not heated, gave an apparent molecular weight in sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gels almost three times that observed for the heat-denatured sds-treated peptide. this is similar to the behavior of porin trimers from gram-negative bacteria. two protective monoclonal antibodies showed strong binding to the proposed trimer but not to denatured, monomeric major outer membrane protein. | 1995 | 7768628 |
| recombinant ovine interferon gamma inhibits the multiplication of chlamydia psittaci in ovine cells. | the local production of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in sheep in response to chlamydia psittaci was measured by cannulation of the efferent lymph duct draining the site of challenge inoculation. peak production of ifn-gamma (256 u/ml) was detected 24 h after challenge. based on these physiological data, functional studies were carried out in vitro to determine the effect of recombinant ovine (rov) ifn-gamma on the multiplication of c. psittaci in ovine fibroblasts. ifn-gamma inhibited the multip ... | 1995 | 7769147 |
| high prevalence of antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae; determinants of igg and iga seropositivity among jerusalem residents. | the prevalence of antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae was examined in a stratified random sample of 581 jerusalem adult residents between august 1987 and march 1989. igg and iga titres were measured by microimmunofluorescence, and associations with smoking and socio-demographic variables were assessed. igg antibodies were found in 84.5% (95% confidence interval (ci): 80.4-87.9) of men and 68.7% (95% ci: 61.6-75.0) of women (p < 0.0001 for sex difference), indicating a very high rate of exposure i ... | 1995 | 7781734 |
| cloning and characterization of a chlamydia psittaci gene coding for a protein localized in the inclusion membrane of infected cells. | chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria which occupy a non-acidified vacuole (the inclusion) throughout their developmental cycle. little is known about events leading to the establishment and maintenance of the chlamydial inclusion membrane. to identify chlamydial proteins which are unique to the intracellular phase of the life cycle, an expression library of chlamydia psittaci dna was screened with convalescent antisera from infected animals and hyperimmune antisera generated against fo ... | 1995 | 7783634 |
| reactive arthritis ascribed to chlamydia pneumoniae. report of a case. | | 1995 | 7788343 |
| inhibition of chlamydia pneumoniae growth in hep-2 cells pretreated with gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha. | an in vitro culture system was used to study the effects of increasing concentrations of human cytokines on the intracellular replication of chlamydia pneumoniae. hep-2 cell monolayers, pretreated for 24 h with 200 u of human recombinant gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) per ml restricted the intracellular replication of c. pneumoniae. tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha; 25 ng/ml) exhibited a synergistic effect with ifn-gamma by reducing the concentration of ifn-gamma necessary to restrict intrac ... | 1995 | 7790105 |
| detection of anti-chlamydia pneumoniae ige in children with reactive airway disease. | an association of chlamydia pneumoniae infection and reactive airway disease has been demonstrated in children. to determine if c. pneumoniae infection triggers production of c. pneumoniae-specific ige, sera were examined from 45 children with and without c. pneumoniae infection. anti-c. pneumoniae ige was demonstrated by immunoblotting in 12 (85.7%) of 14 culture-positive asthmatic patients with wheezing compared with only 1 (9.1%) of 11 culture-positive patients with pneumonia, 2 (18.2%) of 11 ... | 1995 | 7797928 |
| [detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in intrathoracic abscesses--a case report]. | the case of a 52-year-old patient with intrathoracic abscesses following a traumatic fracture of the 11th thoracic vertebral body is described. the abscesses were resistant to conventional antibiotic therapy and attempts at local drainage under ct scan control remained unsuccessful. finally, chlamydia pneumoniae was isolated using an immunofluorescence technique. subsequent therapy with doxycycline caused complete resolution of the abscesses. we suggest that in cases of atypical pneumonias and a ... | 1994 | 7802891 |
| acute respiratory tract infection in daycare centers for older persons. | to evaluate the rate of specific pathogens and clinical syndromes associated with acute respiratory tract infections (arti) in frail older persons attending daycare. | 1995 | 7806736 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and therapy of infections caused by chlamydia pneumoniae. | | 1994 | 7810992 |
| utility of complement fixation and microimmunofluorescence assays for detecting serologic responses in patients with clinically diagnosed psittacosis. | the serodiagnosis of human psittacosis was considerably improved by a microimmunofluorescence (mif) assay that uses selected strains of chlamydia psittaci, c. pneumoniae, and c. trachomatis as antigens. the 78 patients examined in the study were clinically diagnosed as having psittacosis on the basis of compatible clinical symptoms following exposure to sick birds. the conventional complement fixation (cf) test identified 36 patients, or 46% (36 of 78) of the total, as positive. antibody respons ... | 1994 | 7814477 |
| comparison of sample preparation methods for detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by pcr. | amplification inhibitors can lead to false-negative results for pcr. in order to evaluate the reliability of pcr for the detection of chlamydia pneumoniae, the presence of pcr inhibitors in 75 bronchoalveolar lavage specimens was assessed after treatment by various sample preparation methods. specimens were collected from patients with acute respiratory infections, including four cases of proven c. pneumoniae infection. substances inhibitory to the amplification of chlamydial dna continued to be ... | 1994 | 7814512 |
| [clinical and serological studies in six cases of chlamydial pneumonia]. | clinical and serological studies of chlamydial pneumonia were done in six patients (three men and three women). the other three patients had no avian contact and showed almost the same clinical symptom. acute infection with chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae were diagnosed in two patients and in one patient, respectively, by mfa. because in some cases chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia are difficult to differentiate, it is necessary to use a test that allows ... | 1994 | 7815757 |
| pneumonia in moorish tortoises (testudo graeca) associated with avian serovar a chlamydia psittaci. | | 1994 | 7817509 |
| analysis of the amino sugar composition of chlamydia psittaci lipopolysaccharide. | | 1994 | 7817901 |
| mycoplasma contamination of chlamydiae isolated from clinical specimens. | ten chlamydia pneumoniae strains were screened for mycoplasma contamination using two differently designed mycoplasma-specific polymerase chain reactions (pcr). the primers of the mycoplasma-specific pcr designed by spaepen et al. (9) cross-reacted with all of the c. pneumoniae strains giving false-positive results. when the 10 strains of c. pneumoniae were tested for mycoplasmas with the pcr designed by harasawa et al. (5), only 3 were positive. mycoplasmas were cultured from these three c. pne ... | 1994 | 7826610 |
| the evidence of circulation of some viruses in a great town of romania during the first half of 1992. | complex serological survey performed in the town b. during the first half of 1992 emphasized an active circulation of some respiratory viruses, especially of parainfluenza type 3 and 1, influenza subtypes a(h3n2) and a(h1n1), adeno and syncytial respiratory as well as of mycoplasma pneumoniae. less important was the frequence of antibodies against chlamydia psittaci, east equine, west nile and tick-borne encephalitis as well as parainfluenza type 2 and influenza type b viruses. | 1993 | 7826877 |
| [advance in the study of chlamydia pneumoniae]. | | 1994 | 7834699 |
| infectious diseases. | | 1995 | 7838014 |
| 'atypical' bacteria are a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised adults. | to assess the proportion of cases of community-acquired pneumonia caused by 'atypical' bacteria, including the recently discovered chlamydia pneumoniae, and to compare the clinical, radiographic and laboratory features of patients with and without 'atypical' bacteria. | 1994 | 7839256 |
| monoclonal antibody to a major outer membrane protein of feline chlamydia psittaci: antibody specificity and anti-idiotype antibody production. | a murine monoclonal antibody, f1-8, was developed against the purified major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydia psittaci feline pneumonitis (fpn). f1-8 showed a serotype-specific activity against intact fpn elementary bodies in a micro-immunofluorescence assay. in immunoblot, f1-8 reacted only with the fpn momp but did not react with the momps from other strains of c. psittaci and c. trachomatis. f1-8 neutralized fpn infectivity in l929 cell culture in a dose-dependent and complement ind ... | 1994 | 7839581 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin, a new azalide antibiotic, against chlamydia. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin against chlamydia were investigated. the mic of azithromycin for five standard strains of different species of chlamydia and six wild-type strains of chlamydia pneumoniae was 0.125 microgram/ml, which was superior to that of erythromycin but inferior to those of clarithromycin and minocycline. however, the therapeutic effect of a 7-day course of azithromycin at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight administered orally once daily to mice with experi ... | 1994 | 7840560 |
| prevalence of specific antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae in children with acute respiratory infections. | we investigated 56 boys and 30 girls between the ages of 1 month and 15 years with acute respiratory infections for antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae. antibodies were only occasionally found in children less than 10 years of age (4% of boys (1/23) and 5% of girls (1/19). in the age group 10-12 years, antibodies were detected in 55% of boys (4/9) but not in the 2 girls investigated. in the age group 13-15 years, antibodies were detected in 58% of boys (14/24) and in 33% ... | 1994 | 7841726 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci (ovis) antigen in tissue sections and mccoy cells using streptavidin-biotin and the imagen staining method. | two procedures for identifying chlamydial antigen in infected mccoy cells and tissue sections are described. both the streptavidin-biotin method and the imagen test clearly detected chlamydial antigen in ovine placental tissue sections and in infected mccoy cells before they could be detected by conventional stains. the streptavidin-biotin method is lengthy, but specific and sensitive, and the slides can be kept indefinitely for later examination. by contrast, the imagen test is a single step pr ... | 1994 | 7850445 |
| comparison of chlamydia pneumoniae isolates by western blot (immunoblot) analysis and dna sequencing of the omp 2 gene. | the 60-kda cysteine-rich outer membrane protein gene (omp 2) from nine chlamydia pneumoniae isolates (tw-183, cm-1, cwl-050, cwl-011, iol-207, fil, kajaani-6, helsinki-12, and parjaanonen) was amplified by pcr and sequenced from positions 1 to 580. in contrast to the sequence differences previously observed in this gene in other chlamydial species, all nine c. pneumoniae isolates were 100% identical. however, when sera from c. pneumoniae microimmunofluorescence-positive patients (with clinical s ... | 1994 | 7852577 |
| evaluation of culture conditions used for isolation of chlamydia pneumoniae. | as only a few viable strains of the frequent respiratory pathogen chlamydia pneumoniae have been isolated worldwide, improvement and standardization of isolation procedures is mandatory for adequate diagnosis and recovery of strains for further investigation. growth rates of eight c pneumoniae strains were assessed for five host cell lines, for the growth-promoting effect of host cell cytostasis, for infection of adherent or suspended host cells, for optimal first passage incubation time, and fo ... | 1995 | 7856555 |
| chlamydial infection and reactive airway disease. | | 1995 | 7858699 |
| incidence of lower respiratory tract infections caused by mycoplasma, chlamydia and legionella: an italian multicenter survey. | a collaborative retrospective study based on serologic diagnosis was conducted to assess the etiological role sustained by privileged pathogens in italy. the results obtained indicate the mycoplasma, chlamydia and legionella are important etiologic agents of lower respiratory tract infections in italy since they account for about 31% of the cases taken into consideration in this survey. we found a high incidence of m. pneumoniae (12.3%), c. pneumoniae (10.5%) and l. pneumophila (8.3%). these res ... | 1994 | 7861196 |
| azithromycin in the treatment of pneumonia caused by chlamydia pneumoniae: report of a case. | we report a 67-year-old male with pneumonia in which chlamydia pneumoniae was identified by serologic studies as the causative agent. after initial treatment failure with amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, pneumonia was successfully treated with the administration of oral azithromycin, 500 mg per day, for three days. azithromycin is a new macrolide which has a long half-life and superior action to erythromycin. it provides a new and alternative choice in the treatment of chlamydia pneumoniae infecti ... | 1994 | 7866068 |
| the lps localization might explain the lack of protection of lps-specific antibodies in abortion-causing chlamydia psittaci infections. | four monoclonal antibodies against chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used to study their localization and distribution in the chlamydia psittaci ab7 abortion-causing strain by immunoelectron microscopy. a non-embedding technique on whole chlamydiae, together with a post-embedding technique on mccoy cells infected with the strain, were performed. immunogold labelling was observed on the surface of reticular bodies (rb), but not on elementary bodies (eb). immunolabelling was observed in ult ... | 1994 | 7871240 |
| systemic dissemination of chlamydia pneumoniae following intranasal inoculation in mice. | although chlamydia pneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen, there is increasing evidence of involvement of the organisms in anatomic sites other than the respiratory tract. a mouse model was used to study dissemination of organisms following intranasal, intravenous, and subcutaneous inoculation with c. pneumoniae. after inoculation by any of the three routes, the organism was isolated consistently from lungs and spleen. it was also detected in peritoneal macrophages after intranasal and intravenous ... | 1995 | 7876631 |
| [a case report of psittacosis and chlamydial isolation from a patient]. | a 48-year-old female was seen at our hospital after having a severe fever of nearly 40 degrees c, for a period of 9 days. she complained of pain in the left side of her chest. an x-ray examination revealed a slight infiltration of the upper and middle lung fields. at this time, it was learned that the women's pet bird had recently died. this case was diagnosed as acute pneumonia due to psittacosis. therefore the administration of roxithromycin was started. after a few day her condition improved. ... | 1994 | 7876678 |
| [a child with iritis due to chlamydia pneumoniae infection]. | a case of uncommon iritis due to chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) is reported. the patient was a 9-year-old boy who had suffered from cough, pharyngeal pain, and low grade fever. the symptoms persisted for more than 1 month in spite of an oral cephem antibiotic. ophthalmalgia, congestion around the iris and cough had lasted with alleviation and exacerbation. a diagnosis of c. pneumoniae infection was made by specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method and microimmunofluorescence test (mi ... | 1994 | 7876679 |
| lessons for atherosclerosis research from tuberculosis and peptic ulcer. | knowledge of the causes of a disease is essential to the effective alteration of factors affecting the disease's incidence. the history of the medical understanding of tuberculosis and peptic ulcer shows that we may neglect to consider the contribution of microorganisms to long-term or recurring diseases. the author presents evidence that we may similarly be overlooking the role of microorganisms in atherosclerosis. a collaborative, comprehensive investigation of the role of microorganisms in at ... | 1995 | 7882229 |
| replication of chlamydia trachomatis and c. pneumoniae in the human monocytic cell line u-937. | to elucidate whether chlamydia trachomatis and c. pneumoniae infections occur to a significant extent in monocytes-macrophages, the human monocytic cell line, u-937, was infected with c. trachomatis l2 or c. pneumoniae tw-183. chlamydial dna and genus-specific antigens of the lipopolysaccharides (lps) in epitopes of the chlamydial cell wall were detected from c. trachomatis l2-inoculated monocytes over a period of 150 days after inoculation and from the c. pneumoniae tw-183-inoculated cells duri ... | 1995 | 7884800 |
| respiratory infection with chlamydia pneumoniae in middle-aged and older adult outpatients. | this study was undertaken to characterize the epidemiology and clinical presentation of infection with chlamydia pneumoniae in a population composed primarily of middle-aged and older adults. pharyngeal swabs and acute and convalescent phase sera were obtained from outpatients presenting with signs and symptoms of an acute respiratory infection. sera were examined using the micro-immunofluorescence (mif) test to detect antibody to chlamydia pneumoniae and complement fixation tests to detect myco ... | 1994 | 7889946 |
| deviation of immune response to chlamydia psittaci outer membrane protein in lipopolysaccharide-hyporesponsive mice. | the outcome of infection is determined by both the quantity and the quality of an induced immune response. in particular, it has been demonstrated for selected pathogens that induction of th1 or th2 type helper t-cell subsets determines whether an immune response gives rise to protective immunity or disease-associated immunopathology. the nature of the antigen and the type of antigen-presenting cells recruited in the induction of a response are critical factors that influence the quality of the ... | 1995 | 7890400 |
| chlamydia specific igg and iga serum antibodies in a study of homosexual men at various clinical stages of hiv related disease. | the significance of chlamydia serum igg and iga antibodies was studied, by immunoperoxidase assay, in 210 homosexual men at various stages of hiv infection. cross sectional analysis of chlamydia igg antibodies at a titer of > or = 128 indicated a significantly higher prevalence rate among aids patients (27.0%) as compared to asymptomatic hiv seronegatives (6.0%) (p = 0.022). the geometric mean titer (gmt) of igg antibodies to chlamydia was also significantly higher in aids patients (106.4) as co ... | 1994 | 7893987 |
| characterization of a chlamydia pneumoniae strain isolated from a 57-year-old man. | the isolation of chlamydia pneumoniae, especially from elderly persons, is generally not easy. recently, we succeeded in isolating a chlamydial strain, which was designated kkpn-15, from a 57-year-old man suffering from acute bronchitis. it was compared with well established strains of c. pneumoniae, c. trachomatis and c. psittaci, and its biological properties, such as the morphology of elementary bodies (ebs) and inclusions, and the immunochemistry of eb proteins, were investigated. based on t ... | 1994 | 7898384 |
| clinical aspects of chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | this recently recognised member of the genus chlamydia is one of the most widespread pathogens of man, though up to 90% of infected people have few or no symptoms. several studies have estimated the population prevalence of antibodies to c. pneumoniae at 40-55% in the northern hemisphere, and over 60% in under-developed countries. the incidence of infections follows a cyclical pattern, with peaks at regular intervals of 2-10 years, but no apparent seasonal periodicity. nosocomial transmission ma ... | 1995 | 7899384 |
| molecular typing of chlamydia trachomatis by random amplification of polymorphic dna. | the random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) was used for epidemiological typing of chlamydia trachomatis strains. dna samples from 39 c. trachomatis, 1 c. pneumoniae and 2 c. psittaci strains were screened by the use of 4 single 10-mer primers. different and reproducible banding profiles were observed on agarose gel electrophoresis. no common profiles were recorded for strains from different chlamydia species. all c. trachomatis strains of trachoma biovar were distinguished from lymphogra ... | 1993 | 7902599 |
| fibrinogen: a link between chronic infection and coronary heart disease. | | 1994 | 7911935 |
| expression and translocation of the chlamydial major outer membrane protein in escherichia coli. | the entire gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) from chlamydia psittaci strain gpic has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a tightly regulated t7 promoter is used to control expression of the protein in escherichia coli. upon induction of expression, the precursor (pre-momp) is synthesized in the cell. this is followed by the appearance of a lower molecular weight protein that comigrates with mature momp from chlamydial elementary bodies by both one-dimensional sodiu ... | 1993 | 7911969 |
| screening for antibody to chlamydia pneumoniae by the complement fixation test. | we performed a retrospective survey for antibody to chlamydia pneumoniae, by the microimmunofluorescence (mif) test, on 120 sera that were previously determined to be positive for antibody to ornithosis antigen by the complement fixation (cf) test. the panel of sera comprised 40 paired acute and convalescent sera, and 40 single samples, from 80 patients. of these patients, 60% were considered to be serologically positive for c. pneumoniae, based on the antibody titers of igg, igm, or both. there ... | 1994 | 7924219 |
| characterization of lipoprotein enva in chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the primary sequence of the small cysteine-rich protein (enva) of chlamydia psittaci 6bc has been shown to possess a potential lipid modification/signal peptidase ii-processing site, and the mature protein was labeled by a [3h]palmitic acid precursor. we further characterized the mature enva, showing that it lacks the n-terminal methionine of the primary peptide, is hydrophobic despite a peptide sequence that is predicted to be hydrophilic, and appears to be lipid modified at an n-terminal cyste ... | 1994 | 7928970 |
| survey for selected diseases in nutria (myocastor coypus) from louisiana. | thirty-two trapper-caught nutria (myocastor coypus) from east baton rouge, iberville, tangipahoa, and st. helena parishes in louisiana (usa) were sampled for several disease agents. antibodies against toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia psittaci, francisella tularensis, leptospira spp., and encephalomyocarditis virus were detected in 7%, 14%, 0%, 7%, and 0% of nutria, respectively. both animals seropositive for leptospirae were positive for l. interrogans serovar canicola. no salmonella spp. were isola ... | 1994 | 7933295 |
| [successful culture of chlamydia pneumoniae in 2 asymptomatic patients]. | in two women, partners of 41 and 36 years old, positive cultures of chlamydia pneumoniae were repeatedly obtained from the throat. both individuals were asymptomatic during the period described. eradication was not achieved despite treatment with doxycycline. c. pneumoniae on the basis of serological data is considered a common cause of respiratory tract infections. however, this micro-organism has only been isolated in the netherlands once. carrier status has been described in the literature, a ... | 1994 | 7935937 |
| [the past, present and future of arterial infection]. | today, the pathology of large and medium-sized arteries is in most part considered as degenerative or inflammatory. the role of infection has been preponderant (syphilis) but has become quite modest now, restricted to infectious aneurysms. according to certain observations, infections may participate in initiating arterial inflammation, whether it be specific (kawasaki's disease, takayasu's arteritis, coronary artery disease of cardiac grafts) or less so ("plain" atherosclerosis). suspected micr ... | 1994 | 7939301 |
| seroepidemiologic study of chlamydia pneumoniae and other chlamydial species in a hyperendemic area for trachoma in the sudan. | sera of inhabitants of angola village in central sudan were investigated for the prevalence of antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis, c. pneumoniae, and c. psittaci by the microimmunofluorescence (mif) test. clinical examination of 616 persons showed that the village is hyperendemic for trachoma. of the 448 children examined, 334 (75%) had signs of active trachoma. the corresponding prevalence in the 168 adults was 25%. using mif, antibodies to c. trachomatis were found in the sera of 27 (81%) chi ... | 1994 | 7943577 |
| an indirect microimmunofluorescence test for detection of chlamydial antibodies in ovine fetal fluids. | the objective of this study was to evaluate an indirect microimmunofluorescence test (imif) for detection of chlamydial antibodies in serum and/or thoracic fluids of aborted ovine fetuses. one hundred eighty-two ovine fetuses, including 64 fetuses from 40 ewes that were experimentally infected with an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci at gestation days 90-100, 10 fetuses from 6 normal ewes, and 108 fetuses selected from those received at the iowa veterinary diagnostic laboratory, were ... | 1994 | 7948200 |
| diagnosis of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with community-acquired pneumonia by polymerase chain reaction enzyme immunoassay. | we conducted a prospective study of 385 patients who had community-acquired pneumonia with use of a modified polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay that detects amplified dna by enzyme immunoassay (eia). we used pcr-eia to improve detection of chlamydia pneumoniae infection and to differentiate c. pneumoniae infection from other chlamydial infections. cultures of throat swab specimens from four patients yielded chlamydia species (c. pneumoniae, one patient; chlamydia species, two patients; and c. ... | 1994 | 7948521 |
| [infections of the low respiratory tract in pediatrics]. | | 1994 | 7955954 |
| [isolation of chlamydia pneumoniae in atypical pneumonia]. | a 33-year-old man, who two months previously had been treated for bronchopneumonia with cefuroxime, fell ill again with cough, dyspnoea and fever up to 39.8 degrees c. auscultation and lung function tests indicated respiratory tract obstruction. the chest radiograph revealed an infiltrate of the left lower lobe and bronchoscopy showed hypertrophic bronchitis. empirical antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin (initially 500 mg twice daily, continued on half this dose) lead to rapid improvement o ... | 1994 | 7956770 |
| prevalence of antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae in slovenia. | | 1994 | 7957282 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae multiplies in human endothelial cells in vitro. | the ability of three c. pneumoniae isolates, kajaani 6, helsinki 12 and tw-183, to grow in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) and in an immortalized endothelial cell line ea.hy 926 was studied. all c. pneumoniae isolates were capable of multiplying in endothelial cells. ea.hy926 cells could support the growth of c. pneumoniae better than huvec, yet less efficiently than hl and hep-2 cells that are conventionally used in c. pneumoniae culturing. although centrifugation of the inoculum ... | 1994 | 7968460 |
| culture and isolation of chlamydia trachomatis. | | 1994 | 7968623 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae (twar) infections in children. | | 1994 | 7970966 |