| isolation of multidrug-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia from cultured yellowtail (seriola quinqueradiata) from a marine fish farm. | six strains of multidrug-resistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia were isolated from cultured yellowtail. the strains were divided into two clusters based on the 16s rrna genes, and all of them contained l1 metallo-beta-lactamase and l2 beta-lactamase genes. differences in the intercluster divergence between the lactamase genes suggest that horizontal transfer of the genes occurred. | 2005 | 16151156 |
| endophytic bacteria in coffea arabica l. | eighty-seven culturable endophytic bacterial isolates in 19 genera were obtained from coffee plants collected in colombia (n = 67), hawaii (n = 17), and mexico (n = 3). both gram positive and gram negative bacteria were isolated, with a greater percentage (68%) being gram negative. tissues yielding bacterial endophytes included adult plant leaves, various parts of the berry (e.g., crown, pulp, peduncle and seed), and leaves, stems, and roots of seedlings. some of the bacteria also occurred as ep ... | 2005 | 16187260 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in the presence of lactoferrin. | | 2005 | 16189141 |
| changing bacterial isolates and antibiotic sensitivities of purulent dacryocystitis. | to examine the current spectrum of bacterial isolates in cases of chronic dacryocystitis and dacryoabcess and to determine their antibiotic sensitivities. | 2005 | 16191795 |
| acute upper airway obstruction caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia soft tissue infection. | a previously healthy 71-y-old male developed acute upper airway obstruction caused by a stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection of the mucocutaneous and soft tissue of the neck. ventilator support was provided via a small-calibre endotracheal tube. stenotrophomonas was susceptible only to levofloxacin and cotrimoxazole. antibiotic therapy rapidly improved the soft tissue oedema, allowing extubation and discharge from the intensive care unit. | 2005 | 16191891 |
| role of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in hospital-acquired infection. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia (previously pseudomonas maltophilia, xanthomonas maltophilia) is highly resistant to antibiotics. it causes infections that result in increased morbidity, but not usually mortality, in patients with weakened host defences. the increase in s. maltophilia nosocomial infections is due to the changing nature of the hospital patient population and to changes in antibiotic usage. detection, identification and susceptibility testing methods require improvement, and this com ... | 2005 | 16196464 |
| stenotrophomonas maltophilia: antimicrobial resistance and molecular typing of an emerging pathogen in a turkish university hospital. | despite its limited pathogenicity, stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen. this study investigated the isolation frequency, antimicrobial resistance and genotypic relationships of 205 s. maltophilia isolates from 188 patients in a university hospital between 1998 and 2003. susceptibility profiles for 11 antimicrobial agents were determined by the nccls agar dilution method for non-fermentative bacteria, while enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (eric ... | 2005 | 16216102 |
| antibiotic recognition by binuclear metallo-beta-lactamases revealed by x-ray crystallography. | metallo-beta-lactamases are zinc-dependent enzymes responsible for resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in a variety of host bacteria, usually gram-negative species that act as opportunist pathogens. they hydrolyze all classes of beta-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems, and escape the action of available beta-lactamase inhibitors. efforts to develop effective inhibitors have been hampered by the lack of structural information regarding how these enzymes recognize and turn over beta-lacta ... | 2005 | 16218639 |
| [distribution and drug-resistance of 3 500 gram-negative bacteria in guangzhou]. | to investigate the distribution and drug-resistance of the common gram-negative bacteria in guangzhou. | 2005 | 15698988 |
| bulgecin a: a novel inhibitor of binuclear metallo-beta-lactamases. | bulgecin a, a sulphonated n-acetyl-d-glucosamine unit linked to a 4-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethylproline ring by a beta-glycosidic linkage, is a novel type of inhibitor for binuclear metallo-beta-lactamases. using steady-state kinetic analysis with nitrocefin as the beta-lactam substrate, bulgecin a competitively inhibited the metallo-beta-lactamase bceii from bacillus cereus in its two-zinc form, but failed to inhibit when the enzyme was in the single-zinc form. the competitive inhibition was restore ... | 2005 | 15569001 |
| profiling bacterial survival through a water treatment process and subsequent distribution system. | to profile fractions of active bacteria and of bacteria culturable with routine heterotrophic plate count (hpc) methods through a typical water treatment process and subsequent distribution system. in doing so, investigate how water treatment affects both bacterial abundance and diversity, and reveal the identities of active bacteria not detected by traditional hpc culture. | 2005 | 15960678 |
| antimicrobial activity of a series of 1-alkyl-2-(4-pyridyl)pyridinium bromides against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | to test a series of 1-alkyl-2-(4-pyridyl)pyridinium bromides with alkyl chains containing between 9 and 16 carbons against gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (escherichia coli, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. | 2005 | 16220008 |
| the rhizosphere as a reservoir for opportunistic human pathogenic bacteria. | during the last years, the number of human infections caused by opportunistic pathogens has increased dramatically. one natural reservoir of opportunistic pathogens is the rhizosphere, the zone around roots that is influenced by the plant. due to a high content of nutrients, this habitat is a 'microbial hot-spot', where bacterial abundances including those with strong antagonistic traits are enhanced. various bacterial genera, including burkholderia, enterobacter, herbaspirillum, ochrobactrum, p ... | 2005 | 16232283 |
| bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of proteaceae species. | the cape floral kingdom is an area of unique plant biodiversity in south africa with exceptional concentrations of rare and endemic species and experiencing drastic habitat loss. here we present the first molecular study of the microbial diversity associated with the rhizosphere soil of endemic plants of the proteaceae family (leucospermum truncatulum and leucadendron xanthoconus). genomic dna was extracted from l. truncatulum rhizosphere soil, l. xanthoconus rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil ... | 2005 | 16232290 |
| a molecular biological protocol to distinguish potentially human pathogenic stenotrophomonas maltophilia from plant-associated stenotrophomonas rhizophila. | in recent years, the importance of the gram-negative bacterium stenotrophomonas as an opportunistic pathogen as well as in biotechnology has increased. the aim of the present study was to develop new methods for distinguishing between strains closely related to the potentially human pathogenic stenotrophomonas maltophilia and those closely related to the plant-associated stenotrophomonas rhizophila. to accomplish this, 58 strains were characterized by 16s rdna sequencing and amplified ribosomal ... | 2005 | 16232300 |
| alpha-anomer-selective glucosylation of menthol with high yield through a crystal accumulation reaction using lyophilized cells of xanthomonas campestris wu-9701. | l-menthyl alpha-d-glucopyranoside (alpha-meng) is a desirable derivative of l-menthol with useful properties for the production of new flavors and novel food additives. bacteria were screened for alpha-anomer-selective glucosylation activity toward l-menthol, resulting in the isolation of two strains, xanthomonas campestris wu-9701 and stenotrophomonas maltophilia wu-9702, from independent soil samples. since the safety of x. campestris for use in the food industry is well established, wu-9701 w ... | 2000 | 16232716 |
| characterization of a new keratin-degrading bacterium isolated from deer fur. | a keratin-degrading bacterium was isolated from soil containing deer fur. an axenic culture of the keratin-degrading bacterium was obtained in liquid culture using a keratin enrichment technique. the isolated bacterium was gram negative and catalase- and oxidase-positive. transmission electron microscopic observations showed that the bacterium was rod-shaped, 1.0-1.3 microm long and 0.7 microm in diameter. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rdna revealed that the new isolate has only 90.6% homology wi ... | 2002 | 16233255 |
| bacterial communities in petroleum oil in stockpiles. | bacterial communities in crude-oil samples from japanese oil stockpiles were investigated by 16s rrna gene cloning, followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis. 16s rrna genes were successfully amplified by pcr after isooctane treatment from three kinds of crude-oil sample collected at four oil stockpiles in japan. dgge profiles showed that bacteria related to ochrobactrum anthropi, burkholderia cepacia, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, propionibacterium acnes, and brevundim ... | 2005 | 16233771 |
| antibiotic prescribing in response to bacterial isolates in the intensive care unit. | this study aimed to identify potential knowledge-performance gaps in antibiotic prescribing for bacterial isolates in the intensive care unit (icu) in order to guide the development of interventions such as antibiotic policies, decision support, and improved systems for communication between the laboratory and the bedside. a prospective observational cohort study of all patients admitted to a mixed medical/surgical icu was undertaken over a six-month period in an australian adult tertiary hospit ... | 2005 | 16235473 |
| [study of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin]. | to evaluate the dosing regimens of levofloxacin. | 2005 | 16255991 |
| aerobic bacterial flora of the nasal cavity in gulf of california sea lion (zalophus californianus) pups. | nasal swab samples from clinically healthy california sea lions pups (zalophus californianus) from six different reproductive rookeries in the gulf of california were collected to determine the type and frequency of the representative aerobic bacterial microflora of their nasal mucosa. a total of 114 samples were examined and 100 bacterial isolates were identified and typified by microbiological and biochemical standard tests. fifty four isolates corresponded to gram positive bacteria (54%) and ... | 2005 | 16266850 |
| relationships between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria causing nosocomial infections from 1991-2003 at a university hospital in taiwan. | this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial use in a university hospital in taiwan. disk susceptibility data of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, proteus spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter spp., stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli causing nosocomial infections were evaluated. data on annual patient-days and annual consumption (defined d ... | 2005 | 16280243 |
| comparative studies on potential of consortium and constituent pure bacterial isolates to decolorize azo dyes. | the decolorization potential of the consortium hm-4 constituted by mixing four laboratory isolates identified as bacillus cereus (bn-7), pseudomonas putida (bn-4), pseudomonas fluorescens (bn-5) and stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila (bn-3) was compared with that of individual isolates. six different azo dyes viz., c.i. acid red 88 (ar-88), c.i. acid red 119 (ar-119), c.i. acid red 97 (ar-97), c.i. reactive red 120 (rr-120), c.i. acid blue 113 (ab-113) and c.i. acid brown 100 (ab-100) were used in ... | 2005 | 16289280 |
| correlation between the genetic diversity of nosocomial pathogens and their survival time in intensive care units. | bacteria differ in their ability to survive in the hospital environment outside the human host. species remaining viable and infectious have a higher chance of being transmitted, giving them a fitness advantage in hospitals. this differential fitness could be expected to alter the genetic population structure of bacterial populations in hospitals, and should be reflected by the relative abundance of several successful clones. the objective of this study was to test for a potential correlation be ... | 2006 | 16290317 |
| purification and characterization of the glucoside 3-dehydrogenase produced by a newly isolated stenotrophomonas maltrophilia cctcc m 204024. | a soluble glucoside 3-dehydrogenase (g3dh) from stenotrophomonas maltrophilia cctcc m 204024, recently isolated from wheat soil in our laboratory, was purified to 37.4-fold with a yield of 24.7% and was estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular mass of 66 kda. 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (dcpip) and ferricyanide were able to act as artificial electron acceptors for the enzyme. the optimal ph of g3dh was in the range of 6.0-7.0 in the presence of dcp ... | 2006 | 16292530 |
| significance and characterisation of pseudomonads from urinary tract specimens. | pseudomonads are commonly encountered in clinical samples. usually ignored as contaminants, these organisms are known to cause nosocomial opportunistic infections like urinary tract infections (uti). one hundred and two pseudomonads obtained in pure culture and significant numbers from 8400 consecutive urinary tract (ut) specimens were biochemically characterised upto species level by a battery of biochemical tests. modified stoke's disk diffusion method was followed for testing antibiotic susce ... | 2004 | 16295683 |
| co-infection between influenza virus and flagellated bacteria. | trypsin is required in the hemagglutinin (ha) cleavage to in vitro influenza viruses activation. this ha cleavage is necessary for virus cell entry by receptor-mediated endocytosis. bacteria in the respiratory tract are potential sources of proteases that could contribute to the cleavage of influenza virus in vivo. from 47 samples collected from horses, pigs, and from humans, influenza presence was confirmed in 13 and these samples demonstrated co-infection of influenza with flagellated bacteria ... | 2005 | 16302111 |
| microbial hydroxylation of imidacloprid for the synthesis of highly insecticidal olefin imidacloprid. | microorganisms that bring about the aerobic transformation of imidacloprid (imi) were isolated and screened, and the microbial regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of imi was studied. some bacteria and fungi transformed imi to 5-hydroxyl imi. bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia cgmcc 1.1788 resting cells transformed imi into r-5-hydroxyl imi at the highest conversion rate. the enzyme catalyzed the stereoselective hydroxylation at position c12 of imi in the imidazolidine ring. under acidic ... | 2006 | 16307271 |
| xanthomonas maltophilia cbs 897.97 as a source of new 7beta- and 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and cholylglycine hydrolase: improved biotransformations of bile acids. | the paper reports the partial purification and characterization of the 7beta- and 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (hsdh) and cholylglycine hydrolase (cgh), isolated from xanthomonas maltophilia cbs 897.97. the activity of 7beta-hsdh and 7alpha-hsdh in the reduction of the 7-keto bile acids is determined. the affinity of 7beta-hsdh for bile acids is confirmed by the reduction, on analytical scale, to the corresponding 7beta-oh derivatives. a crude mixture of 7alpha- and 7beta-hsdh, in solubl ... | 2006 | 16307764 |
| hospital pneumonia following cardiac surgery in children. | any massive surgical intervention, especially cardiovascular surgery creates high risk for the development of hospital infections. hospital pneumonia is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. the aim of our study was to determine the frequency and etiology of hospital pneumonia following cardiac surgery in children and to find out whether the emergency operations and reoperations increase the frequency of hospital pneumonia. we studied 355 patients in jo ann pediatric cardiac surgery clinic ... | 2005 | 16308435 |
| in situ measurements of viral particles diffusion inside mucoid biofilms. | fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (fcs) under two-photon excitation was used successfully to characterize the diffusion properties of model virus particles (bacteriophages) in bacterial biofilm of stenotrophonas maltophilia. the results are compared to those obtained with fluorescent latex beads used as a reference. the fcs data clearly demonstrated the possibility for viral particles to penetrate inside the exopolymeric matrix of mucoid biofilms, and hence to benefit from its protective eff ... | 2005 | 16314285 |
| epiphytic microorganisms on strawberry plants (fragaria ananassa cv. elsanta): identification of bacterial isolates and analysis of their interaction with leaf surfaces. | epiphytic bacteria were isolated from strawberry plants cultivated in the field or in the greenhouse in order to investigate their interaction with leaf-surface transport properties. colonization of lower leaf sides was higher on field-grown plants, whereas upper leaf sides were more densely colonized on plants cultivated in the greenhouse. fungal isolates significantly contributed to total microbial biomass on leaf surfaces of greenhouse-grown strawberry plants, whereas these organisms were rar ... | 2005 | 16329966 |
| chitinase genes in lake sediments of ardley island, antarctica. | a sediment core spanning approximately 1,600 years was collected from a lake on ardley island, antarctica. the sediment core had been greatly influenced by penguin guano. using molecular methods, the chitinolytic bacterial community along the sediment core was studied over its entire length. primers targeting conserved sequences of the catalytic domains of family 18 subgroup a chitinases detected group a chitinases from a wide taxonomic range of bacteria. using quantitative competitive pcr (qc-p ... | 2005 | 16332766 |
| isolation and characterization of polymeric galloyl-ester-degrading bacteria from a tannery discharge place. | the culturable bacteria colonizing the rhizosphere of plants growing in the area of discharge of a tannery effluent were characterized. relative proportions of aerobic, denitrifying, and sulfate-reducing bacteria were determined in the rhizosphere of typha latifolia, canna indica, and phragmites australis. aerobic bacteria were observed to be the most abundant group in the rhizosphere, and plant type did not seem to influence the abundance of the bacterial types analyzed. to isolate bacteria abl ... | 2005 | 16341641 |
| coexistence among epiphytic bacterial populations mediated through nutritional resource partitioning. | the levels of coexistence between pseudomonas syringae and various nonpathogenic epiphytic species in the phyllosphere of beans (phaseolus vulgaris) were assessed by using replacement series. the epiphytic species pseudomonas fluorescens, pantoea agglomerans, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and methylobacterium organophilum were all capable of exhibiting higher levels of coexistence with p. syringae than was observed with a near-isogenic p. syringae strain pair. the ecological similarity of the ep ... | 1994 | 16349462 |
| a case of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis leading to pneumonia with unusual organisms. | we describe the case of a 50-year-old male with a history of asthma and seizure disorder who presented with a 5-month history of dyspnea. the patient had been treated with multiple courses of antibiotics for presumed community-acquired pneumonia before being determined to have allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) by serologic and radiographic criteria. inflammation resulting from this disease had potentiated a postobstructive pneumonia caused by nocardia asteroides and stenotrophomonas ... | 2005 | 16351036 |
| beta-lactam resistance and beta-lactamase expression in clinical stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates having defined phylogenetic relationships. | to test the hypothesis that stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from certain phylogenetic groups have predictable beta-lactamase expression and beta-lactam resistance profiles. | 2006 | 16352734 |
| antibiotic resistance from wastewater oxidation ponds. | in an extensive, multiyear study of antibiotic resistance from wastewater oxidation ponds, five mobile home park wastewater oxidation ponds in clarke and oconee counties were shown to be discharging high numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria into the waterways of north georgia. this effluent contributed to higher nitrogen, phosphorus, and fecal coliform levels in creeks downstream from the ponds. a survey of residents revealed that many people did not complete their antibiotic prescriptions, ... | 2005 | 16381146 |
| bacteria isolated from the different developmental stages and larval organs of the obligate parasitic fly, wohlfahrtia magnifica (diptera: sarcophagidae). | wohlfahrtia magnifica (diptera: sarcophagidae) is the major myiasis-causing fly species in the whole of eurasia for most important domestic animals. the aim of the present work was to obtain data on the culturable bacteria isolated under aerobic conditions from this fly: bacteria were isolated from all developmental stages (larvae, pupa, and imago) of wohlfahrtia magnifica, and the third-stage larval organs were also sampled. to determine the possible antagonistic effects between the dominant ba ... | 2006 | 16382282 |
| growth in stewart's medium is a simple, rapid and inexpensive screening tool for the identification of burkholderia cepacia complex. | ninety-one percent of burkholderia cepacia complex reference strains (66 out of 72) displayed a yellow slope-green butt colour reaction after growth in stewart's medium indicating the oxidation of glucose and the absence of an arginine dihydrolase system. this same colour reaction was observed for burkholderia gladioli and several ralstonia species, but not for pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas, achromobacter, pandoraea and several other gram-negative non-fermenting bacilli. we therefore ... | 2006 | 16386966 |
| plasmid-mediated high-level gentamicin resistance among enteric bacteria isolated from pet turtles in louisiana. | the sale of small turtles is banned by the food and drug administration from the u.s. market due to concerns about their excretion of salmonella spp. to produce a safe pet for the export market, the louisiana pet turtle industry uses gentamicin sulfate baths (1,000 microg/ml) to eradicate salmonella spp. from turtle eggs. in 1999, we analyzed bacterial samples recovered from turtle farms and found that strains of salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae and other bacteria, such as enterobacter cloaca ... | 2006 | 16391058 |
| degradation of low-ethoxylated nonylphenols by a stenotrophomonas strain and development of new phylogenetic probes for stenotrophomonas spp. detection. | an aerobic bacterium (bcc6), isolated from nonylphenol polyethoxylates (npeos)-contaminated sludge, was shown to be capable of degrading low-ethoxylated npeo mixtures. sequencing of 16s rrna gene (rdna) showed that it clustered with stenotrophomonas nitritireducens. fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish), performed on bcc6 strain and on the previously isolated stenotrophomonas bcal2, also involved in npeo degradation but clustering with s. maltophilia, showed that strain bcc6 did not hybridize ... | 2006 | 16392004 |
| [clinical experience with the treatment of severe nosocomial infections by inhibitor-protected 3rd generation cephalosporin cefoperazone/sulbactam]. | a retrospective analysis of the clinical and microbiological efficacy and safety of cefoperazone/sulbactam in the treatment of 39 cardiosurgical patients operated under the conditions of artificial circulation is presented. the age of the adult patients (n = 28) varied from 44 to 58 years and that of the pediatric patients varied from 4 months to 6 years. antibacterial therapy of 26 patients was needed because of postoperative infectious complications, such as nosocomial pneumonia in 22 patients ... | 2005 | 16392338 |
| genetic diversity of phenazine- and pyoluteorin-producing pseudomonads isolated from green pepper rhizosphere. | the genetic diversity among indigenous phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (pca)-producing and pyoluteorin (plt)-producing isolates of pseudomonads screened from green pepper rhizosphere was exploited in this study. a total of 48 bacterium isolates producing one or both of these antibiotics were screened from green pepper rhizosphere in diverse regions in china. among these isolates, 45 could produce pca, 3 could produce both pca and plt, and none could produce plt only. based on the restriction pattern ... | 2006 | 16395554 |
| stenotrophomonas koreensis sp. nov., isolated from compost in south korea. | a gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (tr6-01t) was isolated from compost near daejeon city in south korea. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence similarity, strain tr6-01t was shown to belong to the class gammaproteobacteria, related to stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila (97.1 %) and stenotrophomonas maltophilia (96.9 %); the phylogenetic distance from any other established species within the genus stenotrophomonas was less than 97.0 %. phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data (major ... | 2006 | 16403870 |
| microbiology of airway disease in a cohort of patients with cystic fibrosis. | recent reports document an increasing incidence of new gram-negative pathogens such as stenotrophomonas maltophilia and alcaligenes xylosoxidans isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis, along with an increase in common gram-negative pathogens such as pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia complex. furthermore, the increase in multidrug-resistance of such organisms makes the therapeutic management of these patients more problematic. therefore, careful isolation and identification, an ... | 2006 | 16405721 |
| nosocomial pneumonia : rationalizing the approach to empirical therapy. | nosocomial pneumonia or hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap) causes considerable morbidity and mortality. it is the second most common nosocomial infection and the leading cause of death from hospital-acquired infections. in 1996 the american thoracic society (ats) published guidelines for empirical therapy of hap. this review focuses on the literature that has appeared since the ats statement. early diagnosis of hap and its etiology is crucial in guiding empirical therapy. since 1996, it has becom ... | 2006 | 16409013 |
| treatment of cork boiling wastewater using chemical oxidation and biodegradation. | three cultures were enriched from cork boiling wastewater using tannic acid as the selective carbon substrate, at 25 degrees c and ph 7.2, 25 degrees c and ph 4.7 and 50 degrees c and ph 4.7. the enrichment culture obtained at neutral ph was composed of five culturable isolates, whereas from each acidic enrichment two bacterial strains were isolated. mesophilic isolates were gram negative bacteria belonging to the genera klebsiella, pseudomonas, stenotrophomonas and burkholderia. thermophilic is ... | 2006 | 16414098 |
| in vitro bactericidal activity of human beta-defensin 3 against multidrug-resistant nosocomial strains. | the antimicrobial activity of human beta-defensin 3 (hbd-3) against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated. a fast bactericidal effect (within 20 min) against all bacterial strains tested was observed. the presence of 20% human serum abolished the bactericidal activity of hbd-3 against gram-negative strains and reduced the activity of the peptide against ... | 2006 | 16436752 |
| suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia in cardiac patients admitted to the coronary care unit. | to determine the incidence, risk factors, associated pathogens, and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) in patients admitted to a coronary care unit (ccu). | 2006 | 16438476 |
| stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia in burn patients. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia has been increasingly reported as a nosocomial opportunistic pathogen in debilitated patients, including burn patients. there is, however, only one published report in english that discusses s. maltophilia bacteremia in burns. we performed a retrospective chart review and statistical analysis of the incidence, the duration of hospital stays before a diagnosis of bacteremia, antimicrobial susceptibility, prognosis, and mortality risk factors in burn patients. from jan ... | 2006 | 16448762 |
| phenotypic characterization of raw milk-associated psychrotrophic bacteria. | among the 68 isolates, selected from 13 raw-milk samples in finland (that originate from farm, truck or silo tanks), 60 (88%) were psychrotrophs. all the isolates were characterized by the determination of their spoilage and phenotypic features: proteolytic and lipolytic activities, the production of lecithinases and hemolytic factors were considered. phenotypic characterization of the isolates was mainly performed with api 20ne and biolog gn2 identification systems; the results were system-depe ... | 2006 | 16459065 |
| potentially multidrug-resistant non-fermentative gram-negative pathogens causing nosocomial pneumonia. | owing to its high morbidity and mortality, nosocomial pneumonia represents a particularly serious illness and one of the most frequent complications in ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit. gram-negative microorganisms, such as pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii and stenotrophomonas maltophilia, are the most relevant pathogens responsible for particularly difficult-to-treat nosocomial pneumonia. the intrinsic resistance of these bacteria to many antimicrobial agen ... | 2006 | 16472990 |
| biodegradation and decolourization of anaerobically treated distillery spent wash by a novel bacterial consortium. | the aim of this study was to isolate microorganisms capable of decolourizing and degrading anaerobically treated distillery spent wash. a bacterial consortium dmc comprising of three bacterial cultures was selected on the basis of rapid effluent decolourization and degradation, which exhibited 67 +/- 2% decolourization within 24 h and 51 +/- 2% chemical oxygen demand reduction within 72 h when incubated at 37 degrees c under static condition in effluent supplemented with 0.5% glucose, 0.1% kh(2) ... | 2007 | 16473005 |
| site-selective binding of zn(ii) to metallo-beta-lactamase l1 from stenotrophomonas maltophilia. | extended x-ray absorption fine structure studies of the metallo-beta-lactamase l1 from stenotrophomonas maltophilia containing 1 and 2 equiv of zn(ii) and containing 2 equiv of zn(ii) plus hydrolyzed nitrocefin are presented. the data indicate that the first, catalytically dominant metal ion is bound by l1 at the consensus zn1 site. the data further suggest that binding of the first metal helps preorganize the ligands for binding of the second metal ion. the di-zn enzyme displays a well-defined ... | 2006 | 16489411 |
| [adhesion and colonisation of the glass surface by thiobacillus thioparus and stenotrophomonas maltophilia and their biculture]. | the thionic bacteria thiobacillus thioparus and its natural sattelite stenotrophomonas maltophilia have been isolated from the soil, adjacent to the surface of kyiv underground tunnel. the sterile glass, was used as a model surface which imitates the hydrophilic model surface. beijerinck nutrition media were inoculated by pure and mixed culture of t. thioparus. some differences in adhesion by mono- and mixed cultures were shown. hemolithotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria could be interrelated a ... | 2005 | 16493886 |
| stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis after cataract extraction. | to report the clinical course, treatment response, and prognosis of stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis following cataract extraction. | 2006 | 16507490 |
| evaluation of the phoenix 100 id/ast system and nid panel for identification of enterobacteriaceae, vibrionaceae, and commonly isolated nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. | the phoenix 100 id/ast system (becton dickinson co., sparks, md.) is an automated system for the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates. this system with its negative identification (nid) panel was evaluated for its accuracy in the identification of 507 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae, 57 other nonenteric gram-negative isolates that are commonly isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories, and 138 isolates of the family vibrionaceae. all of the ... | 2006 | 16517878 |
| global assessment of the antimicrobial activity of polymyxin b against 54 731 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance programme (2001-2004). | in total, 54 731 gram-negative bacilli isolated worldwide between 2001 and 2004 from diverse sites of infection were tested for susceptibility to polymyxin b by the broth reference microdilution method, with interpretation of results according to clsi (formerly nccls) guidelines. polymyxin b showed excellent potency and spectrum against 8705 pseudomonas aeruginosa and 2621 acinetobacter spp. isolates (mic50, < or = 1 mg/l and mic90, 2 mg/l for both pathogens). polymyxin b resistance rates were s ... | 2006 | 16524407 |
| bronchoscopy in ventilator-associated pneumonia: agreement of calibrated loop and serial dilution. | although the serial dilution technique for quantitative culture of bronchoalveolar fluid is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia, it is more labor intensive than the calibrated loop technique. | 2006 | 16528014 |
| a simple method for selective isolation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia from environmental samples. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a commonly found environmental bacterium that is associated with the plant rhizosphere. it shows increasing prevalence in immunocompromised patients. we report a simple method for selective isolation of s. maltophilia from soils which makes use of both its resistance to imipenem and its requirement for methionine. | 1995 | 16535007 |
| [stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an increasingly important nosocomial pathogen]. | | 2006 | 16537054 |
| [epidemiology, clinical features and prognosis of infections due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia]. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multiresistant pathogen that is being isolated with increasing frequency from patients with predisposing factors. few studies have assessed the epidemiology and clinical relevance of this pathogen in various types of patients from general hospitals. | 2006 | 16537055 |
| endoscopically guided aerobic cultures in postsurgical patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. | there is considerable amount of debate in the literature regarding the microbial flora of normal, acutely infected, and chronically infected paranasal sinuses. few studies have specifically looked at the microbial flora of healthy and infected sinus cavities after functional endoscopic sinus surgery. | 2006 | 16539298 |
| antimicrobial activity of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor, lbm415, tested against respiratory tract and cutaneous infection pathogens: a global surveillance report (2003-2004). | to evaluate the spectrum of activity and potency of lbm415, the first of the peptide deformylase inhibitor (pdfi) class to be developed for treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections and uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections (ussti), against a large, contemporary international collection of targeted pathogens collected during 2003-2004. | 2006 | 16549511 |
| the presence of a conjugative gram-positive tn2009 in gram-negative commensal bacteria. | to determine whether mef(a)-msr(d) and tet(m) genes are linked in representative gram-negative isolates and/or transferred together during conjugation. to molecularly characterize the acinetobacter junii element and compare the structure and sequence with the non-conjugative streptococcus pneumoniae tn2009 element. | 2006 | 16551693 |
| percutaneous stent-graft repair of a mycotic pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm. | ruptured mycotic pulmonary pseudoaneurysm is a lethal complication. emergent surgical repair is usually recommended, but still associated with a high mortality rate. we present a patient in whom mycotic pulmonary pseudoaneurysm was a complication after surgical lobectomy 2 weeks earlier. this patient had suffered from repeated massive hemoptysis. after emergent surgical repair of the ruptured pulmonary artery stump, another episode of massive hemorrhage occurred. the pulmonary arteriogram reveal ... | 2006 | 16565793 |
| central venous catheter and stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia in cancer patients. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia is frequently found in cancer patients. this study attempted to determine how often the catheters were the source of this infection and the risk factors associated with catheter-related bacteremias. | 2006 | 16565968 |
| differential biofilm formation and motility associated with lipopolysaccharide/exopolysaccharide-coupled biosynthetic genes in stenotrophomonas maltophilia. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia wr-c is capable of forming biofilm on polystyrene and glass. the lipopolysaccharide/exopolysaccharide-coupled biosynthetic genes rmla, rmlc, and xanb are necessary for biofilm formation and twitching motility. mutants with mutations in rmlac and xanb display contrasting biofilm phenotypes on polystyrene and glass and differ in swimming motility. | 2006 | 16585771 |
| smedef-mediated antimicrobial drug resistance in stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates having defined phylogenetic relationships. | to test whether smedef overexpression leads to a predictable multi-drug resistance phenotype in stenotrophomonas maltophilia and to measure the frequency with which smedef overexpression occurs in clinical isolates and in spontaneous drug-resistant mutants. | 2006 | 16597633 |
| stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia in pediatric patients-- a 10-year analysis. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia is an important cause of mortality among immunocompromised children. however, there has been little information concerning s. maltophilia bacteremia in the pediatric population. | 2006 | 16604247 |
| [investigating the fluoroquinolone molecular resistant mechanism of stenotrophomonas maltophilia]. | to research dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdrs) in stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates with different resistant levels of quinolone susceptibility. | 2006 | 16608091 |
| effects of chronic triclosan exposure upon the antimicrobial susceptibility of 40 ex-situ environmental and human isolates. | triclosan (tcs) exposure of escherichia coli selects for tolerant clones, mutated in their enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (fabi). it has been inferred that this phenomenon is widespread amongst bacterial genera and might be associated with resistance to third party agents. | 2006 | 16630014 |
| pseudomonads associated with midrib rot and soft rot of butterhead lettuce and endive. | during the past ten years, bacterial soft rot and midrib rot of glasshouse-grown butterhead lettuce (lactuca sativa l. var. capitata) and field-grown endive (cichorium endivia l.) has become increasingly common in the region of flanders, belgium. severe losses and reduced market quality caused by bacterial rot represent an important economical threat for the production sector. symptoms of midrib rot are a brownish rot along the midrib of one or more inner leaves, often accompanied by soft rot of ... | 2005 | 16637164 |
| bacteremia caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a dialysis patient with a long-term central venous catheter. | | 2006 | 16671044 |
| stenotrophomonas maltophilia peritonitis in a patient receiving automated peritoneal dialysis. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasingly being recognized as an important cause of nosocomial infection. s. maltophilia peritonitis is a rare complication of chronic peritoneal dialysis. here, we report the case of a 54-year-old female with end-stage renal disease treated with automated peritoneal dialysis. the patient had no previous history of peritonitis or catheter exit-site infection. she presented with fever, abdominal pain, and cloudy peritoneal effluent. the organism isolated from th ... | 2005 | 16686286 |
| enzymatic c-4 deacetylation of 10-deacetylbaccatin iii. | second-generation paclitaxel analogues that require replacement of the c-4 acetate by other substituents are in development. an enzyme able to specifically remove the c-4 acetate from paclitaxel could simplify preparation of the analogues. several strains were isolated from soil samples that contain enzyme activities able to 4-deacetylate 10-dab (10-deacetylbaccatin iii). selection was made using plates containing 10-dab as the sole carbon source and screening colonies for deacetylation of 10-da ... | 2006 | 16722823 |
| purpura fulminans due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in a premature infant. | | 2006 | 16732810 |
| inducible uptake and metabolism of glucose by the phosphorylative pathway in pseudomonas putida csv86. | pseudomonas putida csv86 utilizes glucose, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, benzyl alcohol and benzoate as the sole source of carbon and energy. compared with glucose, cells grew faster on aromatic compounds as well as on organic acids. the organism failed to grow on gluconate, 2-ketogluconate, fructose and mannitol. whole-cell oxygen uptake, enzyme activity and metabolic studies suggest that in strain csv86 glucose utilization is exclusively by the intracellular phosphorylative pathway, while in ... | 2006 | 16734795 |
| resistance in nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria: multidrug resistance to the maximum. | nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria pose a particular difficulty for the healthcare community because they represent the problem of multidrug resistance to the maximum. important members of the group in the united states include pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and burkholderia cepacia. these organisms are niche pathogens that primarily cause opportunistic healthcare-associated infections in patients who are critically ill or immunocompromised. mult ... | 2006 | 16735148 |
| stenotrophomonas dokdonensis sp. nov., isolated from soil. | a gram-negative, rod-shaped, stenotrophomonas-like bacterial strain, ds-16(t), was isolated from soil from dokdo, korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. strain ds-16(t) grew optimally at ph 6.0-7.0 and 30 degrees c in the presence of 0.5 % (w/v) nacl. it contained q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and iso-c(16 : 0), iso-c(15 : 0) and iso-c(17 : 1)omega9c as the major fatty acids. the dna g + c content was 65.1 mol%. phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed tha ... | 2006 | 16738115 |
| anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae) oviposition in response to agarose media and cultured bacterial volatiles. | anopheles gambiae s.s. giles accepted a range of agarose gels, varying from 0.5 to 8% (wt:vol), for oviposition; laid more eggs on 0.5% agarose gels than on moist filter paper or on drier agarose; and laid equal numbers of eggs on 0.5% agarose gels and distilled water. larvae hatched on agarose gel substrates and crawled onto the surface of moist agarose gels, but they tended only to burst the egg cap and remain within the egg case on drier gels. a mixture of cultured bacteria, originating from ... | 2006 | 16739407 |
| antimicrobial and toxicological profile of the new biocide akacid plus. | akacid plus is a new member of the polymeric guanidine family of disinfectants. it was especially developed to enhance the antimicrobial activity of this class with significantly less toxicity. the in vitro activity of akacid plus compared with chlorhexidine digluconate and mupirocin was tested against a total of 369 recent clinical isolates. | 2006 | 16751199 |
| unclear fever 7 weeks after renal transplantation in a 56-year-old patient. | | 2006 | 16751654 |
| iscr elements: novel gene-capturing systems of the 21st century? | "common regions" (crs), such as orf513, are being increasingly linked to mega-antibiotic-resistant regions. while their overall nucleotide sequences show little identity to other mobile elements, amino acid alignments indicate that they possess the key motifs of is91-like elements, which have been linked to the mobility ent plasmids in pathogenic escherichia coli. further inspection reveals that they possess an is91-like origin of replication and termination sites (teris), and therefore crs prob ... | 2006 | 16760305 |
| capillary isoelectric focusing of proteins and microorganisms in dynamically modified fused silica with uv detection. | we suggest a method for the reproducible and efficient capillary isoelectric focusing of proteins and microorganisms in the ph gradient 3-10. the method involves the segmental injection of the simple ampholytes, the solution of the selected electrolytes, and the sample mixture of bioanalytes and carrier ampholytes to the fused silica capillaries dynamically modified by poly(ethylene glycol), peg 4000, which is added to the catholyte, the anolyte and injected solutions. in order to receive the re ... | 2006 | 16765111 |
| detection of a phage genome carrying a zonula occludens like toxin gene (zot) in clinical isolates of stenotrophomonas maltophilia. | during a study of the genetic diversity of stenotrophomonas strains, we found an autonomous replicating dna molecule in chromosomal dna preparations of the clinical stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain c5. the entire sequence of 6,907 bp of the isolated dna molecule was determined, which was called phisma9. seven orfs, which code for proteins with considerable similarity to proteins in databases, were identified in the dna sequence. the largest orf shows high sequence similarities to the pi prote ... | 2006 | 16775751 |
| antibacterial evaluation of a collection of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin derivatives against multiresistant bacteria. | the objective of this study was to analyse an array of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin derivatives in order to determine those with good activity against bacteria that already present fluoroquinolone resistance associated with mutations in the gyra and/or parc genes. four norfloxacin and 20 ciprofloxacin derivatives were synthesised and tested against quinolone-susceptible and -resistant escherichia coli, acinetobacter baumannii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and staphylococcus aureus strains using ... | 2006 | 16781123 |
| combined acanthamoeba and stenotrophomonas maltophilia keratitis treated with a conjunctival flap followed by penetrating keratoplasty. | to describe whether a technique of treatment of a combined acanthamoeba-stenotrophomonas keratitis with a conjunctival flap followed by a penetrating keratoplasty is successful. | 2006 | 16783158 |
| which patient is a candidate for empirical therapy against stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteraemia? an analysis of associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen with a tendency to be resistant to several antibiotics commonly used to treat nosocomial infections. early recognition of the risk factors for bacteraemia caused by s. maltophilia could potentially improve the prognosis in these cases. most data have been obtained from a limited number of descriptive studies. in this retrospective case-control study, we investigated the risk factors for s. maltophilia bacteraemia. we compared cases ... | 2006 | 16798705 |
| are therapeutic ultrasound units a potential vector for nosocomial infection? | nosocomial infections present a widespread problem in today's healthcare environment, with a significant number of patients acquiring an infection annually. with the contemporary transition of immunocompromised and high-risk patients to community-based care, therapeutic ultrasound has the potential to be a vector of infection in the physiotherapy setting. the purpose of the present study was to determine the degree of contamination on therapeutic ultrasound transducer heads and ultrasound gel af ... | 2006 | 16808087 |
| the in-vitro activity of colistin in gram-negative bacteria. | colistin is a polypeptide antibiotic belonging to the polymyxins, and has been increasingly used for the treatment of multiresistant gram-negative infections. there is little current available data on the susceptibility of gram-negative bacilli to colistin, in part because susceptibility testing for colistin remains problematic, and also because the use of colistin is not widespread. this study tested clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli for susceptibility to colistin using the reference s ... | 2006 | 16810437 |
| resistance in nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria: multidrug resistance to the maximum. | nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria pose a particular difficulty for the healthcare community because they represent the problem of multidrug resistance to the maximum. important members of the group in the united states include pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and burkholderia cepacia. these organisms are niche pathogens that primarily cause opportunistic healthcare-associated infections in patients who are critically ill or immunocompromised. mult ... | 2006 | 16813979 |
| weakening effect of cell permeabilizers on gram-negative bacteria causing biodeterioration. | gram-negative bacteria play an important role in the formation and stabilization of biofilm structures on stone surfaces. therefore, the control of growth of gram-negative bacteria offers a way to diminish biodeterioration of stone materials. the effect of potential permeabilizers on the outer membrane (om) properties of gram-negative bacteria was investigated and further characterized. in addition, efficacy of the agents in enhancing the activity of a biocide (benzalkonium chloride) was assesse ... | 2006 | 16820461 |
| evaluation of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase for the identification of nonfermenting gram-negative rods. | to evaluate the activity of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (pyr) for the differentiation and identification of nonfermenting gram negative rods (nfgnr), 293 isolates were tested. a 24 h culture of each test organism was prepared. from this a 108-109 cfu/ml suspension was added to 0.25 ml of sterile physiologic solution. a pyr disk was then added and the test was incubated for 30 minutes at 35-37 degrees c, at environmental atmosphere. reading was done by adding 1 drop of cinnamaldehyde reagent. strain ... | 2007 | 16822636 |
| risk factors of superinfection following imipenem/cilastatin therapy in hospitalised patients with acute exacerbations of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | imipenem is often used in treatment of acute exacerbations of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). superinfection following imipenem therapy is a common cause of treatment failure and high economic burden. this study is aimed to explore any clinical factors which determine the risk of superinfection after imipenem treatment in acute exacerbations of severe copd. a prospective observational study was conducted in a 5-bed respiratory intensive care unit of a chinese university hosp ... | 2006 | 16858755 |
| invasive pulmonary and central nervous system aspergillosis after near-drowning of a child: case report and review of the literature. | invasive aspergillosis is extremely rare in immunocompetent children. here we describe the clinical, radiologic, and laboratory course of fatal invasive pulmonary and central nervous system aspergillosis in a previously healthy child after a near-drowning incident with submersion in a pond. findings were compared with data from the literature, which is reviewed. serum aspergillus galactomannan levels were determined retrospectively and were compared with the results of routine microbiological an ... | 2006 | 16864641 |
| nature of bacteria found on some wards in sultan qaboos university hospital, oman. | this study aims to determine what objects lying in the hospital environment or brought in from outside contribute to the introduction of bacteria associated with nosocomial infections. one hundred swab specimens collected from children's toys, sinks, door handles, telephone handsets and flowers brought into the hospital were plated on different culture media. colonial growth on the media was purified and identified subsequently using standard bacteriological methods. of the 100 samples cultured, ... | 2006 | 16871995 |
| [stenotrophomonas maltophilia]. | | 2006 | 16896499 |
| changing trends in etiology of bacteremia in patients with cancer. | the present study was conducted to determine trends in the quantitative bacterial load patterns of bacterial bloodstream infections (bsi) caused by various bacteria in patients receiving care at a comprehensive cancer center. bacterial loads of all consecutive quantitative blood cultures performed during 1998 and 2004 were graded quantitatively. gram-positive bacteria (gpb) were responsible for the majority of bsi episodes in both years studied: 740 of 1,055 (73%) in 1998 and 820 of 1,025 (82%) ... | 2006 | 16896827 |