| detection of rickettsia helvetica and candidatus r. tarasevichiae dna in ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in northeastern european russia (komi republic). | the number of tick-borne infections in the northern european regions of russia has increased considerably in the last years. in the present study, 676 unfed adult ixodes persulcatus ticks were collected in the komi republic from 2011 to 2013 to study tick-borne rickettsioses. rickettsia spp. dna was detected by pcr in 51 (7.6%) ticks. the nucleotide sequence analysis of glta fragments (765bp) from 51 ticks indicated that 60.8% and 39.2% of the ticks were infected with rickettsia helvetica and ca ... | 2017 | 28433730 |
| [genetic characterisation of powassan virus (powv) isolated from haemophysalis longicornis ticks in primorye and two strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) (flaviviridae, flavivirus): alma-arasan virus (aav) isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks in kazakhstan and malyshevo virus isolated from aedes vexans nipponii mosquitoes in khabarovsk kray]. | the complete genomes of the three tick-borne flaviviruses (genus flavivirus, fam. bunyaviridae) were sequenced: povassan virus (powv, strain leiv-3070prm, isolated from haemophysalis logicornis in primorsky krai, russia in 1977), alma-arasan virus (aav, strain leiv-1380kaz, isolated from ixodes persulcatus ticks in kazakhstan in 1977) and malyshevo virus (isolated from a pool of aedes vexans nipponii mosquitoes, in the khabarovsk krai, russia in 1978). it is shown that aav and malyshevo virus ar ... | 2014 | 25895206 |
| mapping the distribution of tick-borne encephalitis in mainland china. | tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) has become an increasing public health threat in recent years, ranging from europe, through far-eastern russia to japan and northern china. however, the neglect of its expansion and scarce analyses of the dynamics have made the overall disease burden and the risk distribution of the disease being unclear in mainland china. in this study, we described epidemiological characteristics of 2117 reported human tbe cases from 2006 to 2013 in mainland china. about 99% of th ... | 2017 | 28461151 |
| a brief history of the discovery of tick-borne encephalitis virus in the late 1930s (based on reminiscences of members of the expeditions, their colleagues, and relatives). | tick-borne encephalitis virus is the etiological agent of a severe human disease transmitted by hard ticks. it occurs in large parts of eastern, central, and western asia and in europe with thousands of human cases each year. here, the discovery of the virus by soviet scientists in the late 1930s in the far east is described. the pioneering work involved with this discovery, which resulted in great scientific and epidemiological achievement, was undertaken under the most difficult conditions, an ... | 2017 | 28526419 |
| bacteria of the family 'candidatus midichloriaceae' in sympatric zones of ixodes ticks: genetic evidence for vertical transmission. | ixodes ticks transmit infectious agents and also harbor their own parasites and symbionts. the presumptive endosymbiont of ixodes ricinus, 'candidatus midichloria mitochondrii', has a unique ability to invade mitochondria within tick ovarian cells and is transovarially transmitted with 100% efficiency. a closely related bacterium, provisionally named montezuma (now 'candidatus lariskella arthropodarum'), was isolated from the ixodes persulcatus ticks and human blood in 2004 as well as from ixode ... | 2017 | 28091705 |
| neoehrlichiosis: an emerging tick-borne zoonosis caused by candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis. | candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis is an emerging tick-borne pathogen causing a systemic inflammatory syndrome mostly in persons with underlying hematologic or autoimmune diseases. as it is neither well-known nor well-recognized, it might be misdiagnosed as recurrence of the underlying disease or as an unrelated arteriosclerotic vascular event. the pathogen is transmitted by hard ticks of the genus ixodes and is closely associated with rodents in which transplacental transmission occurs. transov ... | 2016 | 26081117 |
| comparative analysis of genomes of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains isolated from mosquitoes and ticks. | the tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) strain lazo mp36 was isolated from the pool of mosquitoes aedes vexans collected in lazo region of khabarovsk territory in august 2014. phylogenetic analysis of the strain lazo mp36 complete genome (genbank accession number kt001073) revealed its correspondence to the tbev far eastern subtype and differences from the following strains: 1) from ticks ixodes persulcatus p. schulze, 1930 [vaccine strain 205 (jx498939) and strains khekhtzir 1230 (kf880805), c ... | 2018 | 29323844 |
| francisella-like endosymbiont detected in haemaphysalis ticks (acari: ixodidae) from the republic of korea. | a total of 6,255 ticks belonging to three genera and six species (haemaphysalis flava neumann, haemaphysalis longicornis neumann, haemaphysalis phasiana saito, ixodes nipponensis kitaoka & saito, ixodes persulcatus schulze, and amblyomma testudinarium koch) collected from may-august, 2013, at four southwestern provinces in the republic of korea (rok) were submitted to the armed forces research institute of medical sciences and assayed for selected tick-borne pathogens. one pool each of h. flava ... | 2017 | 28981682 |
| borrelia miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks, northeastern china. | we conducted an investigation of borrelia miyamotoi infections in humans and ticks in northeastern china. of 984 patients reporting recent tick bites, 14 (1.4%) were found to be infected with b. miyamotoi by pcr and genomic sequencing. the 14 patients had nonspecific febrile manifestations, including fever, headache, anorexia, asthenia, and arthralgia. rash, eschar, and regional lymphadenopathy were each observed in 1 patient. four (28.6%) patients were hospitalized because of severe disease. b. ... | 2018 | 29350133 |
| natural hybridization between ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus ticks evidenced by molecular genetics methods. | the recently shown phenomenon of natural hybridization between ixodes persulcatus and ixodes pavlovskyi ticks (kovalev et al., 2015) stimulated similar studies in the sympatric zones of other tick species. in the present paper, 265 ixodes ricinus and i. persulcatus ticks from estonia were subjected to a search for interspecific hybrids based on nuclear (its2) and mitochondrial (cox1) markers as well as morphological features. surprisingly, only 72.1% of ticks morphologically identified as i. ric ... | 2016 | 26460161 |
| genetic diversity of ixodes pavlovskyi and i. persulcatus (acari: ixodidae) from the sympatric zone in the south of western siberia and kazakhstan. | the most epidemiologically significant tick species in siberia involved in transmission of a large number of pathogens causing human infectious diseases is ixodes persulcatus. ixodes pavlovskyi, being more active, also poses epidemiological threats. these tick species share morphology, activity seasons and geographic distribution range. in this paper, we characterize the geographic and genetic structures of i. persulcatus and i. pavlovskyi populations inhabiting the southern part of western sibe ... | 2015 | 26201397 |
| natural hybridization of the ticks ixodes persulcatus and ixodes pavlovskyi in their sympatric populations in western siberia. | hybridization of ticks of the genus ixodes has been described for several species under laboratory conditions although no molecular genetics evidence confirming interspecific hybridization in nature is available. we have designed a real time pcr targeted on nuclear (its2) and mitochondrial (cox1) markers to accurately identify tick species and to detect interspecific hybrids of ixodes persulcatus and ixodes pavlovskyi in their sympatric populations in western siberia. a survey of 783 individual ... | 2015 | 25858121 |
| long-term monitoring and population dynamics of ixodid ticks in tomsk city (western siberia). | monitoring of two tick species (ixodes persulcatus schulze 1930 and ixodes pavlovskyi pomerantsev) was performed in four city parks of tomsk, russia (camp garden, university park, southern cemetery, and polytechnic stadium) and in a control wild biotope in city environs (kolarovo) in 2002-2013. ticks were collected by flagging repeatedly after each 10 ± 1 days, starting from the disappearance of the snow cover till the end of tick activity (april-august). gradual penetration of both tick species ... | 2015 | 25633264 |
| babesia divergens asia lineage is maintained between ixodes persulcatus and sika deer in hokkaido, japan. | babesia divergens asia lineage parasites, which are closely related to b. divergens in europe and babesia sp. mo1 in the united states, was recently reported in sika deer (cervus nippon) in eastern japan. to identify the tick vector(s) for this parasite, we conducted a field survey in hokkaido, japan where the infection rate in sika deer is the highest in the country. a specific pcr system which detects and discriminates between lineages within b. divergens and between those lineages and b. vena ... | 2018 | 29374041 |
| an improved real-time pcr method to identify hybrids between ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ricinus ticks. | | 2018 | 29089248 |
| the influence of preprandial insemination on feeding and oviposition of ixodes persulcatus females (acari: ixodidae) and some thoughts concerning mating strategies in ticks of the genus ixodes. | prostriate ticks (subfamily ixodinae, genus ixodes) can copulate and the females can be inseminated before attachment to the host. in tests with ixodes persulcatus females collected in the field and fed without males on the host, it was shown that this preprandial insemination is necessary and sufficient for successful engorgement and oviposition if female feeding took place in up to 1 month after collection. a 2-month period between preprandial insemination and female feeding was followed by a ... | 2017 | 28705581 |
| on the core bacterial flora of ixodes persulcatus (taiga tick). | ixodes persulcatus is a predominant hard tick species that transmits a wide range of human and animal pathogens. since bacterial flora of the tick dwelling in the wild always vary according to their hosts and the environment, it is highly desirable that species-associated microbiomes are fully determined by using next-generation sequencing and based on comparative metagenomics. here, we examine such metagenomic changes of i. persulcatus starting with samples collected from the wild ticks and fol ... | 2017 | 28692666 |
| molecular and structural characterization of novel cystatins from the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus. | cystatins are cysteine peptidase inhibitors that in ticks mediate processes such as blood feeding and digestion. the ixodid tick ixodes persulcatus is endemic to the eurasia, where it is the principal vector of lyme borreliosis. to date, no i. persulcatus cystatin has been characterized. in the present work, we describe three novel cystatins from i. persulcatus, named jpipcys2a, jpipcys2b and jpipcys2c. in addition, the potential of tick cystatins as cross-protective antigens was evaluated by va ... | 2017 | 28174118 |
| genetic diversity of ixodes ricinus (ixodida: ixodidae) ticks in sympatric and allopatric zones in baltic countries. | ixodes ricinus (linnaeus 1758) and ixodes persulcatus (schulze 1930) ticks are involved in the transmission of a wide variety of pathogens with considerable impact on human and animal health. the co-distribution zone of these two tick species is situated in the baltic countries, which provides a special setting for the population studies. in the present study, genetic variability of i. ricinus ticks collected in allopatric and sympatric locations in the baltic countries has been investigated usi ... | 2016 | 27860008 |
| [exoskeleton abnormalities in taiga tick females from populations of the asiatic part of russia]. | studies of the phenotypic structure of ixodes persulcatus (schulze, 1930) populations in relation to their exoskeleton abnormalities are important in both theoretical and practical respects. the data on the species' population structure in asiatic part of russia are fragmentary. the goal of the study was to describe taiga tick population structure based on the pattern of females' exoskeleton abnormalities revealed in asiatic part of russia. a total of 3872 i. persulcatus females from 16 geograph ... | 2017 | 29211430 |
| [effect of pyrethroids on taiga ticks (ixodes persulcatus ixodidae)]. | nonspecific prevention of infections, the agents of which are transmitted by ixodes ticks, is aimed at stopping the suction of the ticks to humans and is substantially based one the use of acaricides. the most interesting group of compounds to be used to individually protect humans is pyrethroids that cause different nerve conduction disturbances in the ticks, which result in their paralysis and death more significantly rapidly than the compounds from other chemical groups. the effect of 8 pyret ... | 2016 | 27029149 |
| morphological features of ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus hybrids: nymphs and adults. | our aim was to reveal morphological features of first-generation ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus hybrids (nymphs and adults) obtained under laboratory conditions for further study of natural populations of these species in sympatry foci. in 65 nymphs of three groups i. ricinus (23 specimens), i. persulcatus (21 specimens), and hybrids (21 specimens), 16 parameters were evaluated (length/width of the scutum and capitulum, length of the hypostome, palp, tarsus i, coxa i, sternal setae, and vario ... | 2016 | 26984610 |
| life cycle of the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus (acari: ixodidae) in the north-west of russia. | the life cycle of ixodes persulcatus lasts 3 years in the conditions of the leningrad province (north-west russia), the development of each phase taking a year. the normal age of the taiga tick is 3 years. the calendar age of larvae and nymphs reaches 11-12 months under favorable abiotic and biotic factors, while the calendar age of adults does not exceed 11 months. at the preimaginal phases of development the ticks that breed in august can feed before or after winter. however, their metamorphos ... | 2016 | 26979586 |
| [ixodid ticks (parasitiformes: ixodidae) from small mammals in deforested boreal habitats in the northern european russia]. | changes in the population density of two hard tick species, ixodes (exopalpiger) trianguliceps birula, 1895 and ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930, were examined in 1998-2001, and in 2003-2004 near gomselga village (kondopoga district, 62° 04' n, 33° 55' e) in central karelia. data on the abundance of ixodid ticks and the species composition of their hosts in 4 forest sites at different stages of post-felling regeneration (secondary succession), i. e. 7-14, 12-19, 25-32, and 80-87 after logging we ... | 2016 | 26946827 |
| tick-borne encephalitis virus isolates from natural foci of the irkutsk region: clarification of the genotype landscape. | the irkutsk region is the unique territory where all known subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) circulate. in the last years, the phenomenon of changes in tbev subtypes (substitution of the far-eastern subtype by the siberian one) was noted in some regions of the russian federation. the results of individual investigation of 11522 ixodes persulcatus ticks and brain specimens from 81 small mammals collected in natural foci of the irkutsk region during 2006-2014 are presented in the ar ... | 2018 | 29323856 |
| field and laboratory evaluations of the efficacy of deet repellent against ixodes ticks. | the objective of this study was to clarify the efficacy of a currently available n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) repellent against tick species in japan. we performed 2 different field trials: "human trap," and "flag-dragging." in total, 482 ticks were collected from white flannel cloths in the field studies. the collected tick species were ixodes persulcatus and i. ovatus, which accounted for 5.3% and 94.7% of the ticks in the human trap test and 31.4% and 68.6% in the flag-dragging test, respec ... | 2016 | 26073735 |
| vaccination with cyclin-dependent kinase tick antigen confers protection against ixodes infestation. | among arthropods, ticks lead as vectors of animal diseases and rank second to mosquitoes in transmitting human pathogens. cyclin-dependent kinases (cdk) participate in cell cycle control in eukaryotes. cdks are serine/threonine protein kinases and these catalytic subunits are activated or inactivated at specific stages of the cell cycle. to determine the potential of using cdks as anti-tick vaccine antigens, hamsters were immunized with recombinant ixodes persulcatus cdk10, followed by a homolog ... | 2015 | 26073111 |
| length of tick repellency depends on formulation of the repellent compound (icaridin = saltidin®): tests on ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ricinus placed on hands and clothes. | the present study had the aim to test the repellent potential of the compound icaridin = saltidin® against the tick species ixodes ricinus and ixodes persulcatus using different formulations of the compound. tests were done on backs of impregnated human hands, on impregnated linen cloth and versus impregnated dog hair. it was found that 1. ixodes persulcatus-the common eastern european, russian ixodes species is significantly sensitive to icaridin = saltidin® as i. ricinus protecting for the tes ... | 2015 | 25952705 |
| morphological differentiation of ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus hybrid larvae in experiment and under natural conditions. | the objective of the study was detection of hybrid larvae in ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ricinus cohabitation sites. to this end, the following three tasks were solved: interspecies crossing of ticks, evaluation of typical morphological signs of the hybrid larvae, and analysis of collected specimens from sites of sympatry. under experimental conditions, hybrid larvae of i. persulcatus (female) and i. ricinus (male) were obtained that differed from the parental species by the size of setae on t ... | 2015 | 25468762 |
| [life cycle of the taiga tick ixodes persulcatus in taiga forests of the eastern sayan plateau]. | the ixodes persulcatus life cycle has been studied in natural environments of taiga fo- rests in the eastern sayan plateau (56 10' n, 91 30' e). engorged larvae and nymphs de- velop with a morphogenetic diapause or without diapause, with ratio of these two ways of development for larvae and nymphs 77.25/22.75% and 43.43/56.57%, respectively. the hypothetic season hemipopulation consists of 34.5 +/- 4.5, 50.1 +/- 1.3, 13.2 +/- 4.0 n 2.2% of unfed imagoes, completing 3-year, 4-year, 5-year, and 6- ... | 2014 | 25434236 |
| reprolysin metalloproteases from ixodes persulcatus, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus microplus ticks. | metalloproteases (mps) have been considered essential for blood feeding and other physiological functions in several hematophagous animals, including ticks. we report the characterization of mp sequences of three important ticks from asia, africa and america: ixodes persulcatus (ip-mps), rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs-mps) and r. microplus (brrm-mps). amino acid sequence identity between r. microplus and r. sanguineus mps ranged from 76 to 100 %, and identities among i. persulcatus, i. ricinus and ... | 2014 | 24687173 |
| [studies of the biological age in adult taiga ticks ixodes persulcatus (ixodinae)]. | the history of studies of the biological age in ixodid ticks is discussed. a method of estimation of the biological age in adult ticks of the genus ixodes by the degree of fat inclusions in midgut cells and in the fat body is developed. an "age scale" for the determination of the calendar age was assumed. | 2014 | 24455906 |
| comparison of tick-borne microorganism communities in ixodes spp. of the ixodes ricinus species complex at distinct geographical regions. | characterizing the tick-borne microorganism communities of ixodes ricinus (sheep tick) and ixodes persulcatus (taiga tick) from the i. ricinus species complex in distinct geographical regions of eastern europe and european russia, we demonstrated differences between the two ticks. taiga ticks were more frequently mono- and co-infected than sheep ticks: 24.4 % (45/184 tested ticks) versus 17.5 % (52/297) and 4.3 % (8/184) versus 3.4 % (10/297), respectively. ginsberg co-infection index values wer ... | 2014 | 24356921 |
| [conjugated variability of spontaneous activity and behavioral response to olfactory stimuli in the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus)]. | according to -the automatic tracing of the movement of ticks in a petri dish, motivational variability of the spontaneous activity and behavioral response of the taiga tick to olfactory stimuli was analyzed. in the studied sample, two groups of ticks that differ in the movement trajectory in the absence of stimulus were isolated, including ticks that mainly moved on the edge of the dish at maximum accessible height (group 1) and ticks that mainly moved at the bottom and wall of the dish (group 2 ... | 2016 | 25510114 |
| [concerning the problem of the northern limit of ixodes persulcatus (acari: ixodidae) distribution in karelia]. | the influence of changes in climate conditions on the abundance and formation of the northern limit of ixodes persulcatus distribution in karelia has been studied. it has been demonstrated that the territory in which the heat provision is sufficient for the development of ixodid ticks significantly increased during 2000-2007. thus, it favored an increase in the abundance and enhanced distribution of i. persulcatus. | 2016 | 23789430 |
| distribution of ixodes ricinus and i. persulcatus ticks in southern karelia (russia). | the northern boundary of the sympatric zone of ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus (acari: ixodidae) passes through karelia. studies carried out in the 1950s showed that these ixodes species were mostly found in southern karelia. i. ricinus inhabited the west of the region, i. persulcatus the east, with a zone of sympatry in the centre. here, we describe the present distribution of these species in southern karelia and provide a retrospective assessment of potential changes in the sympatric zone. ... | 2013 | 23246095 |
| tick repellents and acaricides of botanical origin: a green roadmap to control tick-borne diseases? | arthropods are dangerous vectors of agents of deadly diseases, which may hit as epidemics or pandemics in the increasing world population of humans and animals. among them, ticks transmit more pathogen species than any other group of blood-feeding arthropods worldwide. thus, the effective and eco-friendly control of tick vectors in a constantly changing environment is a crucial challenge. a number of novel routes have been attempted to prevent and control tick-borne diseases, including the devel ... | 2016 | 27146901 |
| diapause in ticks of the medically important ixodes ricinus species complex. | four members of the ixodes ricinus species complex, ixodes pacificus, ixodes persulcatus, ixodes ricinus and ixodes scapularis, have, between them, a worldwide distribution within the northern hemisphere. they are responsible for the transmission of several animal and human pathogens, including the causal agents of lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human babesiosis. despite the importance of these ticks as vectors, the knowledge and understanding of t ... | 2016 | 27263092 |
| [the reaction of taiga ticks to an attractant. 1. the experimental contact of nymphs with attractant-acaricidal granules]. | four experimental variants used the following: 1) granules only from a filler (control); 2) those from a filler and an attractant; 3) and 4) those from a filler, an attractant, and a toxicant (permethrin or lambda cigalothrin, respectively). each experiment used 20 nymphs of the first laboratory generation. 90 and 25% were in contact with attractive and control granules, respectively. out of the nymphs in experiments 3 and 4 granules, 94 and 100% died. the contacts of 4 sec or more duration led ... | 2013 | 7476685 |
| [ratio of the numbers of ixodes persulcatus imagoes in the near-baikal area with the use of different recording methods]. | the data of estimating the number of ixodes perculcatus by two methods (the number of ticks per flag-hour and that per flag-kilometer) in the near-baikal area were analyzed. according to these values, the abundance of taiga ticks in individual calculations ranged from 0 to 394. the association between the time of passage and the number of collected ticks was positive and high significant. the correction factors were calculated to obtain the abundance values expressed in per flag-kilometer units ... | 2012 | 23088149 |
| [estimation of the biological age in males of the taiga tick (ixodes persulcatus: ixodinae) by fat reserves in the midgut]. | some criteria for the estimation of the biological and calendar age by the fat storage in midgut cells of ixodes persulcatus males were established on the basis of examination of ticks from the laboratory culture. | 2012 | 23082498 |
| [demography and population models of ticks of the genus ixodes with long-term life cycles]. | the most important parameters necessary for the creation of population models for threehost species with long-term life cycles are discussed with an example of ticks ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus. in these species, specimens of the same biological age may belong to different age cohorts and their calendar age may differ by several months or even years. accurate estimation of the calendar age of separate individuals is dofficult; it is based on the extrapolation by its possible biological age ... | 2012 | 22834345 |
| phylogeographical structure of the tick ixodes persulcatus: a novel view. | the tick ixodes persulcatus schulze, 1930, has a wide distribution from the baltic to the far east and is a vector of a number of human pathogens. thus, the study of the genetic structure and evolution of this species is of great epidemiological importance. rrna genes were used as genetic markers to identify the phylogeographical structure of the ticks. the sequences of gene fragments of 28s (expansion segment d3) and mitochondrial 12s rrna for 25 and 76 ticks, respectively, that had been collec ... | 2012 | 22652512 |
| [the reaction of taiga ticks to an attractant. ii. the rates of removing ticks from a population]. | catching ticks on the attractant-moistened napkins and on the flag (control) under field conditions during 5 days has demonstrated that a population of taiga ticks on the treated areas can be killed within 1-2 weeks when attractive-acaricidal granules are applied. | 2009 | 9182195 |
| [the reaction of taiga ticks to an attractant. iii. the use of attractant-acaricidal granules in a field experiment]. | on june 15, a total of 300 granules were placed at 1-m intervals on the sides of a concrete-covered road located along the steep slope of a valley. the number of ticks on 300-m plots decreased from 557 (before the experiment) to 55 on june 24 and to 11 on june 27. on the 200-m control plot there were 256, 280 and 168 ticks, respectively, in the same periods of time. thus, the efficiency of tick eradication was 91 and 97% on days 9 and 12, respectively. | 2009 | 9036276 |