| attempt to modify the immune response developed against fiv gp120 protein by preliminary fiv dna injection. | following inactivated virus vaccination trials, the surface glycoprotein gp120 (su) of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was considered as one of the determinants for protection. however, several vaccination trials using recombinant env protein or some env-derived peptides failed to induce protection. to study the influence of the environment in which the surface protein (su) is injected. we analyzed the impact of a nucleocapsid (nc) dna immunization on the presentation of the recsu protei ... | 1999 | 10073718 |
| effect of mutations in the second extracellular loop of cxcr4 on its utilization by human and feline immunodeficiency viruses. | ccr5 and cxcr4 are the principal cd4-associated coreceptors used by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). cxcr4 is also a receptor for the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the rat cxcr4 cannot mediate infection by hiv-1ndk or by fivpet (both cell line-adapted strains) because of sequence differences with human cxcr4 in the second extracellular loop (ecl2). here we made similar observations for hiv-189.6 (a strain also using ccr5) and for a primary hiv-1 isolate. it showed the role of ... | 1999 | 10074102 |
| differential cell tropism of feline immunodeficiency virus molecular clones in vivo. | independent studies have demonstrated different cell tropisms for molecular clones of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). in this report, we examined three clones, fiv-pf34, fiv-14, and fiv-pppr, for replication in crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells, feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc), and feline macrophage cultures. importantly, cell tropism for these three clones was also examined in vivo. fiv-pf34 replication was efficient in crfk cells but severely restricted in pbmc, whereas ... | 1999 | 10074104 |
| dissecting the role of the n-terminal domain of human immunodeficiency virus integrase by trans-complementation analysis. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) integrase protein (in) catalyzes two reactions required to integrate hiv dna into the human genome: 3' processing of the viral dna ends and integration. in has three domains, the n-terminal zinc-binding domain, the catalytic core, and the c-terminal sh3 domain. previously, it was shown that in proteins mutated in different domains could complement each other. we now report that this does not require any overlap between the two complementing proteins; an n-t ... | 1999 | 10074170 |
| irreversible inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase by dicaffeoylquinic acids. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and other retroviruses require integration of a double-stranded dna copy of the rna genome into the host cell chromosome for productive infection. the viral enzyme, integrase, catalyzes the integration of retroviral dna and represents an attractive target for developing antiretroviral agents. we identified several derivatives of dicaffeoylquinic acids (dcqas) that inhibit hiv-1 replication in tissue culture and catalytic activities of hiv-1 integrase i ... | 1999 | 10074185 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus subtype c is prevalent in northern part of taiwan. | the seroepidemiological survey of cats conducted in northern part of taiwan in 1998 revealed that the positive rate of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infection was 21.9% (7/32) and the rate was much higher than those of previous reports. we succeeded in isolation of three strains of fiv from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the blood samples. nucleotide sequences of the env variable v3 to v5 region of the strains revealed that the isolates from distinct areas belong to subtype c. these ... | 1999 | 10081765 |
| t-cell-rich b-cell lymphoma in the cat. | the clinical and pathological features of eight cases of feline t-cell-rich b-cell lymphoma are described. the disease occurred in older cats (mean age 11.4 +/- 3.9 years), which on initial examination generally showed enlargement of a single submandibular or cervical lymph node. after excision, there was no recurrence of the lesions at 6 months in three cats. in one further case, however, the lesion had recurred 6 months later; it was again excised but recurred after an additional 6 months. mic ... | 1999 | 10087489 |
| vaccination with experimental feline immunodeficiency virus vaccines, based on autologous infected cells, elicits enhancement of homologous challenge infection. | cats were vaccinated with fixed autologous feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infected cells in order to present viral proteins to the immune system of individual cats in an mhc-matched fashion. upon vaccination, a humoral response against gag was induced. furthermore, virus-neutralizing antibodies were detected in a crandell feline kidney cell-based neutralization assay, but not in a neutralization assay based on primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells. despite the induction of these fiv-sp ... | 1999 | 10092017 |
| shared usage of the chemokine receptor cxcr4 by primary and laboratory-adapted strains of feline immunodeficiency virus. | strains of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) presently under investigation exhibit distinct patterns of in vitro tropism. in particular, the adaptation of fiv for propagation in crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells results in the selection of strains capable of forming syncytia with cell lines of diverse species origin. the infection of crfk cells by crfk-adapted strains appears to require the chemokine receptor cxcr4 and is inhibited by its natural ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1alph ... | 1999 | 10196258 |
| gag protein epitopes recognized by cd4(+) t-helper lymphocytes from equine infectious anemia virus-infected carrier horses. | antigen-specific t-helper (th) lymphocytes are critical for the development of antiviral humoral responses and the expansion of cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl). identification of relevant th lymphocyte epitopes remains an important step in the development of an efficacious subunit peptide vaccine against equine infectious anemia virus (eiav), a naturally occurring lentivirus of horses. this study describes th lymphocyte reactivity in eiav carrier horses to two proteins, p26 and p15, encoded by the ... | 1999 | 10196322 |
| proviral load determination of different feline immunodeficiency virus isolates using real-time polymerase chain reaction: influence of mismatches on quantification. | lentiviruses are associated not only with immunodeficiency but also with malignancies. the mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis are still not fully understood. cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in the wild represent one model in which the role of viral load in the pathogenesis can be studied, since tumors, especially lymphomas, are quite often observed in cats infected with fiv. to be able to compare the viral load data among cats infected with different fiv isolates, the me ... | 1999 | 10197436 |
| rapid feline immunodeficiency virus provirus quantitation by polymerase chain reaction using the taqman fluorogenic real-time detection system. | an improved quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) method based on a combination of real-time detection and the 5'-3' nuclease activity of the taq dna polymerase was developed to quantify the provirus load of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a lentivirus of veterinary importance and an animal model for aids research. two fluorogenic probes were designed to detect fiv provirus in genomic dna of peripheral lymphocytes and tissues infected with different fiv subtypes. the most sensitive ... | 1999 | 10204701 |
| bartonella spp infection as a possible cause of uveitis in a cat. | a 6-year-old castrated mixed-breed cat was evaluated because of unilateral anterior uveitis. the cat was seronegative for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, coronaviruses, and feline immunodeficiency virus, and antigens for felv p27 and cryptococcus neoformans. antibodies to bartonella spp were detected in serum and aqueous humor. the antibody coefficient (c value) for igg antibodies to bartonella spp in the aqueous humor was 4.42; values > 1 suggest ocular production of antibodies and supports a ... | 1999 | 10212684 |
| horizontal transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus with semen from seropositive cats. | the aids virus of cat species, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), has been used extensively as an animal model of hiv-1 infection. this felid lentivirus shares many molecular and biochemical traits with hiv-1 and causes similar immunologic and clinical perturbations, most notably cd4+ cell loss, impaired cell-mediated immunity and increased susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. previous reports have shown that fiv is transmitted horizontally by biting and vertically in utero and through n ... | 1998 | 10213322 |
| protein degradation and apoptotic death in lymphocytes during fiv infection: activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic system. | the movement of a cell through the sequential phases of apoptosis is accompanied by a progressive decrease in cell size with loss in protein mass. in lymphocytes from hiv-infected persons, protein loss during apoptosis is due to increased protein degradation rather than decreased synthesis. to identify and characterize the proteolytic enzymes or enzyme systems involved in this process, we studied several features of protein turnover in lymphocytes from peripheral blood and lymph nodes during the ... | 1999 | 10222130 |
| effects of feline immunodeficiency virus on cognition and behavioral function in cats. | experimental intravenous challenge of 8-week old cats with the maryland isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus, maryland isolate (fiv-md) was investigated for its effects on cognitive and behavioral function at 12 months postinfection. six cats infected with fiv-md were compared with age-matched controls on several behavioral measures. these measures included an open field observation, locomotion tests, traversing planks of various widths for food reinforcement, and a spatial learning task. no ... | 1999 | 10225221 |
| suppression of feline immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro by a soluble factor secreted by cd8+ t lymphocytes. | mitogen-activated lymphoblasts isolated from the blood and lymph nodes, but not the spleen, of domestic cats acutely infected with the petaluma or glasgow8 isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), suppressed the replication of fiv in the mya-1 t-cell line in a dose-dependent manner. this effect was not limited to the homologous isolate of fiv. the suppressor activity declined with progression to chronic infection, with lower levels of activity detectable only in the lymph nodes. immuniza ... | 1999 | 10233699 |
| minimum requirements for efficient transduction of dividing and nondividing cells by feline immunodeficiency virus vectors. | the development of gene delivery vectors based on feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is an attractive alternative to vectors based on primate sources for the delivery of genes into humans. to investigate the requirements for efficient transduction of dividing and nondividing cells by vector particles based on fiv, a series of packaging and vector constructs was generated for which viral gene expression was minimized and from which unnecessary cis-acting sequences were deleted. pseudotyped vecto ... | 1999 | 10233961 |
| the role of the chemokine receptor cxcr4 in infection with feline immunodeficiency virus. | infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) leads to the development of a disease state similar to aids in man. recent studies have identified the chemokine receptor cxcr4 as the major receptor for cell culture-adapted strains of fiv, suggesting that fiv and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) share a common mechanism of infection involving an interaction between the virus and a member of the seven transmembrane domain superfamily of molecules. this article reviews the evidence for the inv ... | 1999 | 10332739 |
| antiviral properties of a crude extract from a green alga caulerpa taxifolia (vahl) c. agardh. | a crude extract of caulerpa taxifolia was tested for its antiviral activity. the chloroform-methanol residue showed an interesting inhibitor effect in vitro toward the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a valid model for studying the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. this extract reduced the virus-induced syncytia in the cultured cells, the viral reverse transcriptase activity and the viral capsid protein p24 expression. | 1999 | 10353170 |
| variable constraints on the principal immunodominant domain of the transmembrane glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | lentiviruses have in their transmembrane glycoprotein (tm) a highly immunogenic structure referred to as the principal immunodominant domain (pid). the pid forms a loop of 5 to 7 amino acids between two conserved cysteines. previous studies showed that envelope (env) glycoprotein functions of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) could be retained after extensive mutation of the pid loop sequence, in spite of its high conservation. in order to compare env function in different lentiviruses, either ... | 1999 | 10364320 |
| comparison of inhibitor binding to feline and human immunodeficiency virus proteases: structure-based drug design and the resistance problem. | the design and synthesis of compounds targeted against human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) protease have resulted in effective antiviral therapies. however, the rapid replication of the virus and the inherent mutability of the viral genome result in the outgrowth of resistant strains in the majority of patients. thus, there is a continuing need to develop new antiprotease compounds that may bind more effectively to the resistant forms of protease. this contribution examines the binding of a s ... | 1999 | 10380354 |
| bicyclams, selective antagonists of the human chemokine receptor cxcr4, potently inhibit feline immunodeficiency virus replication. | bicyclams are low-molecular-weight anti-human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) agents that have been shown to act as potent and selective cxc chemokine receptor 4 (cxcr4) antagonists. here, we demonstrate that bicyclams are potent inhibitors of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replication when evaluated in crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells. with a series of bicyclam derivatives, 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) against fiv were obtained in this cell system that were comparable to those obt ... | 1999 | 10400726 |
| in vivo monocyte tropism of pathogenic feline immunodeficiency viruses. | virus-infected monocytes rarely are detected in the bloodstreams of animals or people infected with immunodeficiency-inducing lentiviruses, yet tissue macrophages are thought to be a major reservoir of virus-infected cells in vivo. we have identified feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) clinical isolates that are pathogenic in cats and readily transmitted vertically. we report here that five of these fiv isolates are highly monocytotropic in vivo. however, while fiv-infected monocytes were numero ... | 1999 | 10400783 |
| methodology for protein-ligand binding studies: application to a model for drug resistance, the hiv/fiv protease system. | a protocol for the rapid energetic analysis of protein-ligand complexes has been developed. this protocol involves the generation of protein-ligand complex ensembles followed by an analysis of the binding free energy components. we apply this methodology toward understanding the origin of binding specificity within the human immunodeficiency virus/feline immunodeficiency virus (hiv/fiv) protease system, a model system for drug resistance studies. a distinct difference in the internal strain of a ... | 1999 | 10409825 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus envelope protein (fivgp120) causes electrophysiological alterations in rats. | close to 20% of the patients infected with the aids virus develops neurological deficit; eventhough hiv does not invade neurons. consistently with the neurological deficit, hiv(+) subjects show abnormalities in brainstem auditory and visual evoked potentials (bsaep and vep) and in sleep patterns. the hiv-derived glycoprotein 120 has been postulated as a neurotoxic; therefore, it may be playing a crucial role in the generation of bsaep and vep, as well as in sleep disturbances. to study the role ... | 1999 | 10415420 |
| neuron loss and axon reorganization in the dentate gyrus of cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus. | the pathophysiological bases of cognitive, motor, and behavioral abnormalities in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) remain largely unknown. to test the possibility that changes in hippocampal neuronal structure may contribute to these neurologic abnormalities, we examined the brains of cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), an animal model of hiv-1 infection. we evaluated the dentate gyrus by using timm's staining to estimate the extent of granu ... | 1999 | 10421868 |
| interspecies transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus from the domestic cat to the tsushima cat (felis bengalensis euptilura) in the wild. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was isolated from a wild-caught tsushima cat (felis bengalensis euptilura), an endangered japanese nondomestic subspecies of leopard cat (f. bengalensis). phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences indicated that the fiv from the tsushima cat belonged to a cluster of subtype d fivs from domestic cats. fivs from both the tsushima cat and the domestic cat showed similar levels of replication and cytopathicity in lymphoid cell lines derived from these two sp ... | 1999 | 10438892 |
| the feline immunodeficiency virus vif gene is required for productive infection of feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocyte-derived macrophages. | the role of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vif gene in establishing productive infection in feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (mdms) was examined in cell culture systems. a 375-bp deletion was introduced into the vif gene of the wild-type fiv-pppr infectious molecular clone to produce vif deletion mutant fiv-ppprdeltavif. this mutant fiv proviral construct expressed fiv proteins p24gag and gp100env in transfected crandell feline kidney ce ... | 1999 | 10441553 |
| epidemiology of feline foamy virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in domestic and feral cats: a seroepidemiological study. | although foamy viruses (spumaviruses) have repeatedly been isolated from both healthy and diseased cats, cattle, and primates, the primary mode of transmission of those common viruses remains undefined. a database of the feline foamy virus (fefv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibody status, age, and sex of 389 domestic cats presented to veterinarians was assembled. a similar database for 66 feral (wild) cats was also assembled. that fefv antibody status reflects infection was validat ... | 1999 | 10449463 |
| feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells express message for both cxc and cc type chemokine receptors. | the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) causes a disease in cats similar in clinical presentation and disease progression to that of hiv and aids. it is now known that, for hiv infection, as well as primary binding of virus to the cd4 receptor, entry and infection of cells requires coreceptors which are members of the chemokine group of g-protein coupled receptors. because of the similarity of hiv and fiv, we hypothesised that coreceptors are required for the entry and infection of cells by fiv. ... | 1999 | 10470253 |
| serosurvey for selected virus infections of wild carnivores in taiwan and vietnam. | serum samples from two leopard cats (felis bengalensis) and four formosan gem-faced civets (paguma larvata taivana) in taiwan, september 1995, and nine leopard cats in vietnam, august and december 1997, were examined for the prevalence of antibodies against feline parvovirus, feline herpesvirus type 1, feline calicivirus and feline immunodeficiency virus. all civets and nine of 11 leopard cats were shown to have antibodies against feline parvovirus (fpv), and fpv's were isolated from mononuclear ... | 1999 | 10479095 |
| mucosal infection and vaccination against feline immunodeficiency virus. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection is a naturally occurring lentiviral infection of cats which progresses to immunodeficiency in a manner strikingly similar to that observed in hiv infection in man. the rectal and cervico-vaginal mucosae are common routes of transmission of hiv and it has been shown that the gastrointestinal tract is an important site of hiv infection and primary pathology. although biting is the principle mode of transmission for fiv, we have shown that it is possibl ... | 1999 | 10486930 |
| aids vaccination studies using feline immunodeficiency virus as a model: immunisation with inactivated whole virus suppresses viraemia levels following intravaginal challenge with infected cells but not following intravenous challenge with cell-free virus. | the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) provides an excellent model system for aids vaccination studies. in the present experiments we investigated the immunogenicity and the protective activity of two inactivated vaccines prepared from a primary virus isolate. one vaccine was composed of whole virus inactivated with paraformaldehyde and then purified (wiv) and the other of viral proteins extracted with tween-ether (tev). both vaccines elicited robust antiviral responses, but neither conferred a ... | 1999 | 10501242 |
| mapping the specificity of an anti-feline immunodeficiency virus monoclonal antibody using a filamentous phage displayed peptide library. | recent developments in peptide technology enable the use of random peptide libraries for identifying linear amino acid sequences (mimotopes) which can mimic conformational epitopes without necessarily exhibiting amino acid sequence homology with the native linear sequence. in this study a 15-mer random peptide library displayed on the surface of a filamentous phage has been used to characterise the conformational epitopes recognised by a monoclonal antibody raised against the envelope protein gp ... | 1999 | 10506664 |
| [feline immunodeficiency virus infection: interferon gamma secretion in a t-lymphoblastoid infected cell line]. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was first isolated in 1987 from a cat with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-like disease. since then, fiv has been subject of intensive research. perturbation in cytokine production observed in human immunodeficiency virus infection (hiv) is paralleled in the fiv-infected cat. interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) is a type 1 lymphokine that exert protective effects during infection through upregulation of cellular immunity and phagocytic functions. the pre ... | 1999 | 10509391 |
| investigation of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor type i in thymus regeneration in the acute stage of experimental fiv infection in juvenile cats. | thymus involvement and the development of thymic lesions in hiv-1 infection is hypothesized to suppress thymus function and limit t cell maturation and replenishment of the peripheral lymphoid pool. therapeutic modulation to protect or enhance thymus function may therefore ameliorate peripheral lymphocytopenia and retard disease progression. thymotrophic agents, such as insulin-like growth factor type i (igf-i), may therefore represent adjunctive but important methods of treatment to protect or ... | 1999 | 10515153 |
| strategies of retrovirus survival in the cat. | retroviruses establish persistent infections in their hosts which often lead to serious and fatal diseases after a long incubation period. the molecular basis of this persistence is the integration of a copy of the viral genome into cellular chromosomal dna. at the level of the whole animal, however, each retrovirus genus has evolved a different strategy to ensure its survival. this variety is well illustrated in the cat. feline leukaemia virus, an oncovirus, has a simple genomic structure and s ... | 1999 | 10515277 |
| vaccination of cats against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv): a matter of challenge. | so far, most apparently successful immunodeficiency virus vaccines have only been tested against challenge with cell culture-adapted virus. however, even live priming of cats with feline herpesvirus (fhv) vectors expressing the fiv gag and env gene followed by inactivated booster vaccination with fixed fix infected cell vaccine proved non-protective against infection with a primary fiv isolate. an effective fiv vaccine for field applications therefore is still not underway. | 1999 | 10515278 |
| the feline immunodeficiency virus envelope protein precursor: functional analysis of a leader deletion mutant. | | 1999 | 10515280 |
| progressive expansion of an l-selectin-negative cd8 cell with anti-feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) suppressor function in the circulation of fiv-infected cats. | the acute stage of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection is characterized by the appearance of a major cd8 subpopulation with reduced expression of the cd8 beta chain (cd8alpha+betalo). cd8 antiviral activity was subsequently shown to be mediated by the cd8alpha+betalo phenotype, which is the dominant cd8 phenotype in long-term infected cats. two- and three-color flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the cd8alpha+betalo subset is l-selectin negative (cd62l-) and has increased expres ... | 1999 | 10515809 |
| development of restriction fragment-length polymorphism method to differentiate five subtypes of feline immunodeficiency virus. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) isolates have been classified into five subtypes (a to e) based on the sequences of the env variable v3 to v5 region. in this study, we sequenced a partial gag region of 4 and 3 isolates belonging to subtypes c and e, respectively. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the branching pattern based on the region was similar to that based on the env v3 to v5 region. here, we propose a protocol to differentiate five subtypes by polymerase chain reaction amplifying 3 ... | 1999 | 10524802 |
| frontal lobe neuronal injury correlates to altered function in fiv-infected cats. | six cats infected intravenously at 8 weeks of age with feline immunodeficiency virus maryland isolate (fiv-md), were evaluated at 8 and 14 months of age (6 months and 12 months postinfection, respectively) with high spatial resolution proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mrs) of the frontal cortex. two separate control cat groups were evaluated at 8 months and 16 months of age. single voxel two-dimensional high-resolution proton magnetic resonance imaging was performed using the press sequenc ... | 1999 | 10534142 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha and virus expression in the central nervous system of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | cytokine disregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lentivirus-induced diseases. in the present study, 18 specific pathogen free (spf) cats were inoculated with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) petaluma strain and sacrificed at different times post-infection. five additional spf cats were used as controls. the cell localization of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) in the central nervous system (cns) was determined by immunohistochemical and morphometric analys ... | 1999 | 10568883 |
| drug-antibody conjugates with anti-hiv activity. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-specific peptide antibody-brefeldin a conjugates and antibody-glaucarubolone conjugates directed to cell surface viral glycoprotein epitopes were prepared and tested for antiviral activity. a selective response was observed both on survival of cell lines permanently infected with lentiviruses and on hiv infectivity. with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), the conjugate also was effective in reducing virus titers. the effectiveness of an hiv-speci ... | 1999 | 10571253 |
| envelope gene sequences encoding variable regions 3 and 4 are involved in macrophage tropism of feline immunodeficiency virus. | the envelope is of cardinal importance for the entry of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) into its host cells, which consist of cells of the immune system including macrophages. to characterize the envelope glycoprotein determinants involved in macrophage tropism, chimeric infectious molecular clones were constructed containing envelope gene sequences from isolates that had been propagated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). the progeny virus was examined for growth in pbmc and bone ... | 1999 | 10573157 |
| viral infections in free-living populations of the european wildcat. | while the importance of viral infections is well studied in domestic cats, only limited information is available on their occurence and prevalence in the european wildcat (felis silvestris silvestris). the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to feline coronavirus (fcov), calicivirus (fcv), herpesvirus (fhv), parvovirus (fpv), immunodeficiency virus (fiv), leukemia virus (felv), and felv antigenemia in 51 european wildcat sera. samples were collected between 1996 and 1 ... | 1999 | 10574526 |
| microglial proliferation in cortical neural cultures exposed to feline immunodeficiency virus. | microglia are thought to play an important role in neurodegenerative changes due to infection with human or animal immunodeficiency viruses. using feline immunodeficiency virus and cat neural cultures, we observed a dramatic increase in the accumulation of microglia from a basal rate of 5-7% day(-1) to 25-126% day(-1). both live virus and heat-inactivated virus induced proliferation. negligible proliferation was seen in purified microglial cultures. conditioned medium from astrocytes or mixed ne ... | 1999 | 10580809 |
| comparison of two surgical techniques for renal transplantation in cats. | to compare two surgical techniques for renal transplantation in cats with respect to graft warm ischemia time, total surgical time, operative and postoperative complications, and return to normal renal function based on measurement of plasma creatinine concentrations. | 1999 | 10582737 |
| circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopic properties of the major core protein of feline immunodeficiency virus and its tryptophan mutants. assignment of the individual contribution of the aromatic sidechains. | the gene coding for the major capsid protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) has been cloned into the expression vector pqe60, which allows protein purification by affinity chromatography on a nitrilotriacetic acid/ni/agarose column. the gene was expressed in escherichia coli and the resultant soluble protein (fiv-rp24) purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. the amino-acid composition of the recombinant protein is almost identical to that predicted from the dna sequence. this protein ha ... | 1999 | 10583405 |
| bad for cats, good for humans? modified feline immunodeficiency virus for gene therapy. | | 1999 | 10587510 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus vectors persistently transduce nondividing airway epithelia and correct the cystic fibrosis defect. | several problems limit the application of gene transfer to correct the cystic fibrosis (cf) cl(-) transport defect in airway epithelia. these include inefficient transduction with vectors applied to the apical surface, a low rate of division by airway epithelial cells, failure of transgene expression to persist, and immune responses to vectors or vector-encoded proteins. to address these issues, we used a feline immunodeficiency virus-based (fiv-based) vector. fiv vector formulated with a calciu ... | 1999 | 10587528 |
| factors influencing cellular immune responses to feline immunodeficiency virus induced by dna vaccination. | virus-specific effector cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) were elicited in the peripheral blood of domestic cats following a single intramuscular inoculation of replication defective feline immunodeficiency virus proviral dna (fivdeltart). higher levels of virus-specific cytolysis were observed in the blood when cats were co-inoculated with feline gamma-interferon (ifn) dna. the responses declined by 12 weeks following the first dna inoculation and were, with the exception of fiv gag-specific respon ... | 2000 | 10590334 |
| high prevalence of borna disease virus in domestic cats with neurological disorders in japan. | a total of 15 (t-1-t-15) domestic cats with neurological disorders in tokyo area were examined for association with borna disease virus (bdv). none had detectable antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline leukemia virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus and toxoplasma gondii, and only cat t-8 had detectable antibody to fiv. serological and molecular epidemiological studies revealed a significantly high prevalence of bdv infection in these cats: antibodies against bdv p24 and/o ... | 1999 | 10596800 |
| mhc-restricted protection of cats against fiv infection by adoptive transfer of immune cells from fiv-vaccinated donors. | the role of cellular immunity in vaccine protection against fiv infection was evaluated using adoptive cell transfer studies. specific-pathogen-free cats received two adoptive transfers of washed blood cells from either vaccinated or unvaccinated donors with varying mhc compatibility at 1-week intervals, and a homologous fiv(pet) challenge 1 day after the first adoptive transfer. fiv-specific ctl, ifn-gamma production, and proliferation responses were detected in the pbmc from the vaccinated don ... | 1999 | 10612649 |
| replication rate of feline immunodeficiency virus in astrocytes is envelope dependent: implications for glutamate uptake. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) induces neurological abnormalities in domestic cats. previously, we demonstrated that two disparate strains of fiv (fiv-34tf10 and fiv-ppr) varied greatly in the ability to replicate in feline cortical astrocytes. to investigate the impact of the env region on the replication efficiency of these strains, we constructed two env chimera viruses, fiv-34tf10-pprenv and fiv-ppr-34tf10env, to infect feline cortical astrocytes in vitro. although all of these viruses ... | 2000 | 10612672 |
| identification of a feline adenovirus isolate that replicates in monkey and human cells in vitro. | | 1999 | 10622152 |
| anti-feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) soluble factor(s) produced from antigen-stimulated feline cd8(+) t lymphocytes suppresses fiv replication. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) causes aids-like symptoms in infected cats. concanavalin a (cona)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from chronically fiv strain ppr-infected cats readily expressed fiv. in contrast, when pbmc from these animals were stimulated with irradiated, autologous antigen-presenting cells (apc), at least a 10-fold drop in viral production was observed. in addition to fiv-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes, anti-fiv activity was demonstrated in the cell- ... | 2000 | 10623729 |
| the effects of feline retroviruses on cytokine expression. | to identify potential roles of cytokines in retroviral pathogenesis, we used reverse transcription-quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (rt-qcpcr) assays to characterize mrna levels of 19 different lymphokines, chemokines, monokines and hematopoietic growth factors in three feline cell lines productively infected with subgroup a feline leukemia virus (felv-a) or various feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) strains. infection of a cd8+, cd5- large granular lymphocyte (lgl) cell line ... | 1999 | 10628677 |
| temperature inducible beta-sheet structure in the transactivation domains of retroviral regulatory proteins of the rev family. | the interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) regulatory protein rev with cellular cofactors is crucial for the viral life cycle. the hiv-1 rev transactivation domain is functionally interchangeable with analog regions of rev proteins of other retroviruses suggesting common folding patterns. in order to obtain experimental evidence for similar structural features mediating protein-protein contacts we investigated activation domain peptides from hiv-1, hiv-2, visna virus, fel ... | 1999 | 10629982 |
| in vitro infection of cells of the monocytic/macrophage lineage with bovine leukaemia virus. | the oncogenic retrovirus bovine leukaemia virus (blv) primarily infects b cells. most infected animals remain asymptomatic for long periods of time before an increase in circulating b cells or localized tumours can be observed. this long clinical latency period may be explained by cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage (m/m) becoming infected and acting as a reservoir for the virus, as shown for other retroviruses (human immunodeficiency virus-1, feline immunodeficiency virus). m/m cells in di ... | 2000 | 10640548 |
| expanded host cell tropism and cytopathic properties of feline immunodeficiency virus strain ppr subsequent to passage through interleukin-2-independent t cells. | a cytopathic variant of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) strain ppr emerged after passage of wild-type virus on an interleukin-2-independent cell line. the virus, termed fiv-pprglial, displayed a phenotype markedly different from the parental virus, including the ability to productively infect previously refractory cell lines, induction of large syncytia, and accelerated kinetic properties. a chimeric molecular clone, fiv-pprchim42, containing the fiv-pprglial envelope within the backbone of ... | 2000 | 10644358 |
| structural studies of fiv and hiv-1 proteases complexed with an efficient inhibitor of fiv protease. | three forms of feline immunodeficiency virus protease (fiv pr), the wild type (wt) and two single point mutants, v59i and q99v, as well as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (hiv-1 pr), were cocrystallized with the c2-symmetric inhibitor, tl-3. the mutants of fiv pr were designed to replace residues involved in enzyme-ligand interactions by the corresponding hiv-1 pr residues at the structurally equivalent position. tl-3 shows decreased (improved) inhibition constants with these fiv pr ... | 2000 | 10651036 |
| t cells overexpressing interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 are found in both the thymus and secondary lymphoid tissues of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats. | similar to human immunodeficiency virus type 1, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replicates in the thymus of infected animals, causing marked alteration in thymic lymphocyte subpopulations. the immune phenotype and cytokine patterns in the thymus and secondary lymphoid tissues of fiv-infected cats were investigated. fiv infection caused an acute-stage transient reduction in cd4cd8 double-positive thymocytes, a marked increase in cd8 single-positive thymocytes, and formation of thymic b cell l ... | 2000 | 10669340 |
| exogenous glucocorticoids alter parameters of early feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a lentivirus, causes progressive immunosuppression and neurologic dysfunction in cats. glucocorticoids are common therapeutic agents that are also immunosuppressive, and their use might enhance the pathogenic effects of lentivirus infections. methylprednisolone acetate, a long-acting glucocorticoid, was administered to cats before fiv inoculation, and the course of early infection was monitored. the humoral immune response to fiv was not affected by corticost ... | 2000 | 10669341 |
| epidemiology of feline leukaemia and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in the czech republic. | commercial serological sets were used for the examination of 727 cats kept in larger towns of the czech republic. felv antigen and antibodies to fiv were demonstrated in 96 (13.2%) and 42 (5.8%) of the animals, respectively. seven (0.96%) animals were positive for both felv and fiv. most of the felv and/or fiv positive patients were intact rambling males aged 1-4 years. chronic gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases were found in 54.2% and 43.8% of the felv-positive patients, respectively. ch ... | 1999 | 10676143 |
| effect of weekly adefovir (pmea) infusions on hiv-1 virus load: results of a phase i/ii study. | the compound 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (adefovir; pmea) is a potent inhibitor of a number of viruses in vitro, such as human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 and 2, herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and 2, human papillomavirus virus (hbv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv). adefovir also proved to be effective in vivo against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in cats and simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) in rhesus monkeys. in an open, non-placebo-controlled trial the antiviral activit ... | 1999 | 10682155 |
| detection, identification, and correction of a bias in an epidemiological study. | the relative lack of epidemiological studies of natural populations is partly due to the difficulty of obtaining samples that are both large enough and representative of the population. here, we present the result of an epidemiological study (december 1992-august 1995) of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in a free-roaming population of domestic cats (felis catus), with a special emphasis on sample bias. over five trapping periods, the prevalence of fiv in sampled cats steadily declined. acros ... | 2000 | 10682746 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus vif localizes to the nucleus. | monoclonal antibodies prepared against recombinant vif derived from the 34tf10 strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were used to assess the expression and localization of vif in virus-infected cells. analyses by western blotting and by immunoprecipitation from cells infected with fiv-34tf10 revealed the presence of a single 29-kda species specific for virus-infected cells. confirmation of antibody specificity was also performed by specific immunoprecipitation of in vitro-transcribed and ... | 2000 | 10684267 |
| fungal flora on cutaneous and mucosal surfaces of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus or feline leukemia virus. | to compare cutaneous and mucosal mycoflora in cats infected with fiv or felv with that in noninfected cats. | 2000 | 10685687 |
| in vivo infection of ramified microglia from adult cat central nervous system by feline immunodeficiency virus. | infection of microglial cells by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is supposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of aids-related central nervous system (cns) complications. so far, however, experimental data about interactions between hiv and ramified microglia from the adult cns were only occasionally reported, making it difficult to understand the exact nature of pathogenic events contributing to hiv-encephalopathy. therefore, we used the animal model of feline immunodeficienc ... | 2000 | 10704350 |
| prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats. | to determine prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats in north-central colorado. | 2000 | 10707683 |
| neurophysiologic and immunologic abnormalities associated with feline immunodeficiency virus molecular clone fiv-ppr dna inoculation. | although direct feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) proviral dna inoculation has been shown to be infectious in cats, long-term studies to assess the pathogenic nature of dna inoculation are lacking. we have recently reported that direct feline leukemia virus (felv) dna inoculation resulted in infection and the development of felv-related disease end points with similar temporal expression and virulence to that of cats infected with whole virus. we show in this study that pfiv-ppr dna inoculatio ... | 2000 | 10708051 |
| structural and biochemical studies of retroviral proteases. | retroviral proteases form a unique subclass of the family of aspartic proteases. these homodimeric enzymes from a number of viral sources have by now been extensively characterized, both structurally and biochemically. the importance of such knowledge to the development of new drugs against aids has been, to a large extent, the driving force behind this progress. high-resolution structures are now available for enzymes from human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, simian immunodeficiency viru ... | 2000 | 10708846 |
| vaccination with feline immunodeficiency virus induces cd4 epitope masking by soluble factors. | soluble factors are important effector mechanisms to control for lentiviral replication. vaccination of cats with recombinant outer surface proteins (su) of the fiv envelope protein in combination with complete freund adjuvant (cfa) and rabies nucleocapsid (nc) protein led to significantly reduced viral loads [leutenegger, c.m., hofmann-lehmann, r., holznagel, e., cuisinier, a.m., wolfensberger, c., duquesne, v., cronier, j., allenspach, k., aubert, a., ossent, p. , lutz, h., 1998. aids res. hum ... | 2000 | 10713346 |
| diagnosis of feline herpesvirus infection by immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. | an adult domestic shorthair cat had severe chemosis due to purulent and necrotizing blepharitis and conjunctivitis. purulent rhinitis, necrotizing glossitis, and dermatitis were also diagnosed. the cat was positive for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus. histologically, intranuclear cowdry type a inclusions were found within numerous epithelial cells adjacent to the lesions in skin, conjunctiva, and tongue. electron microscopic examination revealed herpesviral particles with ... | 2000 | 10730956 |
| prevalence and pathogenicity of retroviruses in wildcats in france. | feline leukaemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) are frequently encountered in domestic cats (felis catus) and in wild felids, but only felv has been previously identified in wildcats (fellis silvestris). thirty-eight wildcats, either captured alive or found dead, were sampled in eastern and central france. nine of them (23.7 per cent) carried the felv p27 antigen, and three (7.9 per cent) had antibodies to fiv. there was a significant relationship between two measures of bo ... | 2000 | 10766116 |
| multiple antiviral activities of cyanovirin-n: blocking of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 interaction with cd4 and coreceptor and inhibition of diverse enveloped viruses. | cyanovirin-n (cv-n) is a cyanobacterial protein with potent neutralizing activity against human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). cv-n has been shown to bind hiv type 1 (hiv-1) gp120 with high affinity; moreover, it blocks the envelope glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion reaction associated with hiv-1 entry. however, the inhibitory mechanism(s) remains unclear. in this study, we show that cv-n blocked binding of gp120 to cell-associated cd4. consistent with this, pretreatment of gp120 with cv-n in ... | 2000 | 10775592 |
| alteration of substrate and inhibitor specificity of feline immunodeficiency virus protease. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) protease is structurally very similar to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) protease but exhibits distinct substrate and inhibitor specificities. we performed mutagenesis of subsite residues of fiv protease in order to define interactions that dictate this specificity. the i37v, n55m, m56i, v59i, and q99v mutants yielded full activity. the i37v, n55m, v59i, and q99v mutants showed a significant increase in activity against the hiv-1 reverse transcriptase/integ ... | 2000 | 10775609 |
| molecular characterization of feline interleukin 16: chemotactic activity and effect on feline immunodeficiency virus infection and/or replication. | interleukin 16 (il-16) has been shown to diminish hiv and siv replication through inhibition of hiv and siv mrna transcription. to evaluate its role in the fiv cat model, we cloned and expressed feline il-16 and determined its ability to induce chemotaxis as well as to inhibit fiv replication in cultured pbmcs. sequence comparison of rfil-16 with human, african green monkey, rhesus macaque, and mouse il-16 showed 84.2, 84.5, 84.4, and 79.4% identity at the nucleotide sequence level and 93, 91.5, ... | 2000 | 10777147 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus clade c mucosal transmission and disease courses. | the transmissibility and pathogenicity of a clade c feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-c) was examined via the oral-nasal, vaginal, or rectal mucosa. fiv-c was transmissible by all three mucosal routes. vaginal transmission was most efficient (100%), oral exposure resulted in a 80% infection rate, and rectal transmission was least effective (44%). in contrast to previous intravenous passage studies, a broader range of host-virus relationships was observed after mucosal exposure. three categories ... | 2000 | 10791878 |
| inhibitory effect of stromal cell derived factor-1 on the replication of divergent strains of feline immunodeficiency virus in a feline t-lymphoid cell line. | the effect of a cxc-chemokine, stromal cell derived factor-1 (sdf-1), on the replication of divergent strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was examined in order to identify the mechanism of cell entry of fiv. a chemotaxis assay, using a modified boyden chamber method, confirmed the biological activity of recombinant human (rh) sdf-1 for a feline t-lymphoid cell line (kumi-1). the viral replication of fiv, as measured by the reverse transcriptase (rt) activity in the culture supernatant ... | 2000 | 10802296 |
| long-term impact on a closed household of pet cats of natural infection with feline coronavirus, feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. | a closed household of 26 cats in which feline coronavirus (fcov), feline leukaemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were endemic was observed for 10 years. each cat was seropositive for fcov on at least one occasion and the infection was maintained by reinfection. after 10 years, three of six surviving cats were still seropositive. only one cat, which was also infected with fiv, developed feline infectious peritonitis (fip). rising anti-fcov antibody titres did not indicate t ... | 2000 | 10811262 |
| multiple crusted cutaneous plaques in a cat. | | 1999 | 10812398 |
| 8-difluoromethoxy-4-quinolone derivatives as anti-feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) agents: important structural features for inhibitory activity of fiv replication. | the inhibitory activities of various 8-difluoromethoxy-4-quinolone derivatives against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replication in the chronically infected cell line p-crfk were investigated. certain derivatives were found to inhibit fiv production from p-crfk cells in a dose-dependent manner without exhibiting cytotoxic effects at inhibitory concentrations. based on this study, the structures important for anti-fiv activity are suggested to be (i) a carboxyl group at position c-3, and (i ... | 2000 | 10852398 |
| cryptococcosis in captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus): two cases. | cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like organism associated with pulmonary, meningoencephalitic, or systemic disease. this case report documents 2 cases of cryptococcosis with central nervous system involvement in captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). in both cases the predominant post mortal lesions were pulmonary cryptococcomas and extensive meningoencephalomyelitis. both cheetahs tested negative for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukaemia virus. the organism isolated in case 2 was cl ... | 1999 | 10855821 |
| pulmonary cryptococcosis and capillaria aerophila infection in an fiv-positive cat. | a 12-year-old, fiv-positive, domestic longhair cat was presented with a history of sneezing and coughing during the previous seven months. on thoracic radiographs, a prominent bronchial pattern and three focal, opacified nodules were seen. cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated spherical, capsulate, narrow-necked, budding yeasts within macrophages. culture of the fluid yielded a heavy growth of cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans. the serum latex cryptococcal antigen agglutinat ... | 2000 | 10860150 |
| mucosal immunization with experimental feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccines induces both antibody and t cell responses but does not protect against rectal fiv challenge. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a natural lentiviral pathogen of cats which can be experimentally transmitted via rectal and vaginal routes--the major routes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in man. an important objective for lentiviral research is the development of vaccine strategies which generate good mucosal immune responses capable of giving protection from a mucosal virus challenge. the experimental vaccines employed in this study were based on (a) a peptide from ... | 2000 | 10869770 |
| investigation into the mode of action of r-91650, an arylpiperazinyl fluoroquinolone, on feline immunodeficiency virus replication inhibitory activity. | the mode of action of r-91650, an arylpiperazinyl fluoroquinolone, on feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) replication inhibitory activity was investigated. r-91650 inhibited replication of fiv at non-cytotoxic concentration levels in both acutely infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells and chronically infected p-crfk cells. the compound reduced the intracellular p24 concentration levels in p-crfk cells in a dose-dependent manner. northern blot analysis revealed that r-91650 selectively preve ... | 2000 | 10881674 |
| protective immunity against feline immunodeficiency virus induced by inoculation with vif-deleted proviral dna. | to determine whether live-attenuated feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) proviral dna will induce protective immunity, a plasmid clone constructed with a fiv provirus containing a deletion in the viral accessory gene vif (fiv-pppr-deltavif) was inoculated as proviral dna into four cats by the intramuscular route. after 43 weeks, these cats were boosted with the same proviral plasmid. analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells at several time points after the primary and booster inoculations ... | 2000 | 10891409 |
| lentivirus infection in the brain induces matrix metalloproteinase expression: role of envelope diversity. | infection of the brain by lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), causes inflammation and results in neurodegeneration. molecular diversity within the lentivirus envelope gene has been implicated in the regulation of cell tropism and the host response to infection. here, we examine the hypothesis that envelope sequence diversity modulates the expression of host molecules implicated in lentivirus-induced brain disease, including matrix m ... | 2000 | 10906175 |
| efficient transduction of nondividing cells by optimized feline immunodeficiency virus vectors. | second- and third-generation three-plasmid vector systems, termed felix, were constructed from feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). to enhance vector production, the weak fiv long terminal repeat promoter was replaced with the human cytomegalovirus enhancer/promoter. to construct a minimal system in which gag-pol was the only viral protein present, the cytoplasmic transport element was used in place of the fiv rev-rre system to facilitate nuclear export of gag-pol and the transfer vector. unconc ... | 2000 | 10933909 |
| effects of multiple acute morphine exposures on feline immunodeficiency virus disease progression. | drug abuse is a common method of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission, but the role of opiates on lentivirus disease progression is not well understood. the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)/cat system was used to model the weekend opiate abuser: the nondependent, nonaddicted, and nontolerant person. sixteen cats were placed into 4 groups: fiv only, morphine only, morphine/fiv, and controls. multiple acute morphine exposure did not increase the severity of early lentivirus infectio ... | 2000 | 10950765 |
| antiviral therapy reduces viral burden but does not prevent thymic involution in young cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | the thymus is a major target organ in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-infected children and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infected young cats (g. a. dean and n. c. pedersen, j. virol. 72:9436-9440, 1998; j. l. heeney, immunol. today 16:515-520, 1995; s. m. schnittman et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 87:7727-7731, 1990; t. a. seemayer et al., hum. pathol. 15:469-474, 1984; h.-j. shuurn et al., am. j. pathol. 134:1329-1338, 1989; j. c. woo et al., j. virol. 71:8632-8641, 1997; ... | 2000 | 10952586 |
| structures of feline immunodeficiency virus dutp pyrophosphatase and its nucleotide complexes in three crystal forms. | dutp pyrophosphatase (dutpase) cleaves the alpha-beta phosphodiester of dutp to form pyrophosphate and dump, preventing incorporation of uracil into dna and providing the substrate for thymine synthesis. seven crystal structures of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) dutpase in three crystal forms have been determined, including complexes with substrate (dutp), product (dump) or inhibitor (dudp) bound. the native enzyme has been refined at 1.40 a resolution in a hexagonal crystal form and at 2.3 ... | 2000 | 10957629 |
| hiv- and fiv-derived gp120 alter spatial memory, ltp, and sleep in rats. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated dementia (had) has been detected in 20-30% of patients suffering aids. the envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) derived from hiv seems to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of this dementia. likewise, the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-derived gp120 causes neurological and electrophysiological abnormalitites in cats. we have studied the effects of gp120 derived from hiv or fiv on learning and memory processing, hippocampal long-term potent ... | 2000 | 10964609 |
| seroepidemiological survey of infection by feline leukemia virus and immunodeficiency virus in madrid and correlation with some clinical aspects. | a study of 180 healthy cats found that 15.6% were feline leukemia virus (felv) positive, 8.3% were feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) positive, and 1.1% were fiv and felv positive, which corresponded to 30.4, 13.8, and 2.6, of 115 cats with fiv- and felv-related symptoms, respectively. differences were seen in the sexes and ages of the populations studied. anemia, leukopenia, and lymphopenia were the most frequent hematological abnormalities in infected cats. | 2000 | 10970400 |
| evaluation of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues obtained from vaccine site-associated sarcomas of cats for dna of feline immunodeficiency virus. | to evaluate the use of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method for detection of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) dna, using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (ffpe) tissues, and to use this method to evaluate tissues obtained from vaccine site-associated sarcomas (vss) of cats for fiv dna. | 2000 | 10976733 |
| transduction of murine cerebellar neurons with recombinant fiv and aav5 vectors. | our data demonstrate that vectors derived from recombinant feline immunodeficiency virus (rfiv) and adeno-associated virus type 5 (raav5) transduce cerebellar cells following direct injection into the cerebellar lobules of mice. both recombinant viruses mediated gene transfer predominantly to neurons, with up to 2500 and 1500 purkinje cells transduced for raav5 or rfiv-based vectors, respectively. the vectors also transduced stellate, basket and golgi neurons, with occasional transduction of gra ... | 2000 | 10976941 |
| protection against fiv challenge infection by genetic vaccination using minimalistic dna constructs for fiv env gene and feline il-12 expression. | to evaluate the efficacy of a genetic vaccination protocol based on minimalistic, immunogenic defined gene expression (midge) vectors coding for domains of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) env gene and feline il-12. | 2000 | 10985311 |