| the formation of arenaviruses that are genetically diploid. | analyses of rna extracted from preparations of arenaviruses indicate that the relative molar proportions of the genomic l and s rna species are frequently far from equal. in order to investigate the genetic significance of this observation temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of two lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus strains (arm and we) have been recovered and categorized into recombination groups (groups i and ii). fingerprint analyses of wild-type progeny viruses obtained from dual infect ... | 1983 | 6189291 |
| elevated natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, plasma interferon, and tumor cell rejection in mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | to assess the effects of chronic virus infection on nk cells, the related phenomena of interferon (ifn) production, nk cell activation, and resistance to tumor implants were studied in mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). nk cells from these lcmv-carrier mice displayed augmented killing of the nk-sensitive yac-1 target cell. they did not lyse the more resistant targets l-929 and p815, whereas nk cells from acutely infected mice efficiently lysed all three ce ... | 1983 | 6190947 |
| lethal role of interferon in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced encephalitis. | after intracerebral inoculation of adult c3h mice, the 'docile' strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus multiplied to high titre in several visceral organs. although the virus content of lung, liver, spleen and brain was high, these mice did not die but became long-term carriers of the virus. injection of mice with the same dose of the 'aggressive' strain of lcm virus resulted in much lower virus titres in these organs; nevertheless, 100% of the mice died within 7 to 9 days. the resul ... | 1983 | 6192206 |
| persistent infection of some standard cell lines by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: transmission of infection by an intracellular agent. | cell-free cytoplasmic extracts of the syrian hamster cell lines c13/sv28 and bhk-21f were immunogenic in syrian hamsters. the resulting antisera cross-reacted completely with antisera against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) in an immunoradiometric assay employing bhk-21f antigen. several other syrian hamster cell lines not previously known to be infected with lcmv were also strongly positive when assayed for viral antigens. also, several mouse sera and antisera raised in syrian hamster ... | 1983 | 6193287 |
| can interferon induce disease? | | 1982 | 6195115 |
| anti-viral immune response of allogeneic irradiation bone marrow chimeras: cytotoxic t cell responsiveness depends upon h-2 combination and infectious agent. | allogeneic irradiation bone marrow chimeras c57bl/10 (h-2b) leads to b10.br (h-2k) and b10.br (h-2k) leads to c57bl/10 (h-2b) were raised under specific pathogen-free (spf) conditions; they survived very well and were healthy under spf for 3-4 months and subsequently, under conventional housing conditions, for 1 to 8 months. their immune response against third-party alloantigens was comparable with that of controls. anti-vaccinia virus responses were very low when compared with syngeneic control ... | 1984 | 6198181 |
| interferon induces natural killer cell blastogenesis in vivo. | interferon (ifn), types beta and gamma, and ifn inducers polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus all stimulated the generation of blast-nk cells in mouse spleens. blast-nk cells were characterized on the basis of size, 3h-thymidine uptake, and nk cell markers. these data indicate that in addition to augmenting nk cell-mediated lysis, ifn may regulate nk cell proliferation in vivo. | 1984 | 6200554 |
| biology of cloned cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. i. generation and recognition of virus strains and h-2b mutants. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) were induced in c57bl/6 and (c57bl/6 x dba/2)f1 mice after immunization with the armstrong strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv-arm) and were cloned by limiting dilution in vitro. the cytotoxic activity of these clones was lcmv specific and h-2 restricted. all clones induced in c57bl/6 (h-2b) mice with lcmv-arm lysed target cells infected with each of five distinct strains of lcmv (arm, traub , we, pasteur, and ubc ), suggesting recognition of common r ... | 1984 | 6202788 |
| virus persists in beta cells of islets of langerhans and is associated with chemical manifestations of diabetes. | molecular hybridization, monoclonal antibody, and electron microscopic analyses showed lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (strains armstrong and we) persistently infecting cells of the islets of langerhans in balb/wehi mice. when monoclonal or monospecific antibody conjugated with two different fluorochrome dyes was used to mark insulin-containing beta cells or viral antigens, viral nucleoprotein was identified predominantly in beta cells. electron microscopy confirmed these findings by showing ... | 1984 | 6203172 |
| immunological tolerance to a non-cytopathic virus is not inheritable in mice. | male lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus-carrier mice were mated to uninfected females and their offsprings tested for (i) lcmv virus and (ii) their potential to generate lcm virus-specific cytotoxic t cells. among about 500 offspring tested no example of antigen-independent inheritance of tolerance to lcm virus was detected. therefore inheritance of acquired tolerance cannot be observed in this murine infectious disease model. | 1984 | 6203830 |
| cytotoxic t lymphocytes recognize determinants on the balb/c-h-2ld molecule controlled by alpha 1 and alpha 2 but not alpha 3 external domains. | we have shown that cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) raised in h-2d mice use h-2ld but not h-2dd or h-2kd antigens as restricting elements in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) and vesicular stomatis virus (vsv) infections. to localize the regions of h-2ld protein recognized by ctl, we constructed a recombinant h-2ld/dd gene encoding a hybrid antigen with alpha 1 and alpha 2 external domains of h-2ld and alpha 3, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of h-2dd. the recombinant gene was transfe ... | 1984 | 6205987 |
| immunoreactivity of long lived h-2 incompatible irradiation chimeras (h-2d leads to h-2b). | allogenic irradiations bone marrow chimeras made according to a new protocol with unmanipulated bone marrow are long lived, healthy and stable full chimeras (h-2d leads to h-2b). their immunocompetence is split. alloreactivity measured by skin graft rejection and mixed lymphocyte culture is within normal range. in contrast, major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted t-cell-dependent primary responses against sheep red blood cells (srbc) or viruses are clearly deficient. the quantitative d ... | 1982 | 6211405 |
| [immune complex disease of mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus]. | | 1981 | 6214903 |
| virus-induced immune complex disease: genetic control of c1q binding complexes in the circulation of mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | virus-antibody immune complex formation, deposition, and disease is a common manifestation in most mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). although mice of several strains persistently infected with lcmv mount continuous anti-lcmv immune responses to the three virion structural polypeptides, the amount of antibody(s) made varies among strains. the formation of antibody to lcmv correlates with the detection of c1q binding materials (immune complexes) in the circ ... | 1983 | 6217255 |
| glomerular lesions induced by interferon. | | 1982 | 6217602 |
| neonatal tolerance of major histocompatibility complex antigens alters ir gene control of the cytotoxic t cell response to vaccinia virus. | the k region of h-2 controls the tc cell response to vaccinia-db. the kb, kd, and kq alleles allow good tc cell responses against vaccinia-db. in contrast, the presence of kk in h-2 recombinants 2r (kk,db) and 4r (kk,db) or in f1 hybrids greatly reduces the anti-vaccinia-db response. the defect does not lie in antigen presentation, as infected 4r cells can stimulate anti-vaccinia-db tc cells in vitro. furthermore, nonresponder animals possess tc cell precursors for vaccinia-db, as transfer of f1 ... | 1983 | 6220111 |
| functional characterization of the h-2dp gene product. | a lambda clone containing the dp gene was used to transform l cells. the dp product expressed was identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry. the dp product expressed by the l cells was recognized by dp-specific but not kp-specific killer t cells. this killing was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies specific for dp but not kp or kk antigens. similarly, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) killer t cells from b10.p mice were able to kill lcmv-infected l12a cells, but ... | 1984 | 6231245 |
| host-damaging immune responses in virus infections. | | 1984 | 6232672 |
| monoclonal antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis and pichinde viruses: generation, characterization, and cross-reactivity with other arenaviruses. | | 1981 | 6267791 |
| the immune system in slow disease due to persistent submicrobial (viral) infection. | | 1981 | 6270625 |
| cytomegalovirus causes a latent infection in undifferentiated cells and is activated by induction of cell differentiation. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) does not productively infect ott6050af1 brdu, f9, or pcc4 undifferentiated murine teratocarcinoma cell lines, as shown by immunofluorescence assays for viral antigens and by plaque assays for infectious virus. however, these cells were infected by a variety of other viruses. mcmv does productively infect pys2 and ott f12 differentiated murine teratocarcinoma cell lines. the replication of mcmv in the pluripotent pcc4 cell line was examined in detail. undifferentiate ... | 1981 | 6271894 |
| nucleotide sequence conservation at the 3' termini of the virion rna species of new world and old world arenaviruses. | | 1982 | 6287720 |
| viruses and glomerulonephritis. | | 1982 | 6289145 |
| natural killer cell depletion enhances virus synthesis and virus-induced hepatitis in vivo. | the role of natural killer (nk) cells in the natural resistance of mice to infections by several viruses was examined. mice were specifically depleted of nk cells by i.v. injection of rabbit antiserum to asialo gm1, a neutral glycosphingolipid present at high concentrations on the surface of nk cells. control mice were left untreated or were injected with normal rabbit serum. four to 6 hr later, these mice were infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), ... | 1983 | 6309965 |
| autoimmune disease and viral infection. | | 1983 | 6320272 |
| comparison of early splenic changes associated with replication of viruses in murine monocytic macrophages. | an effect of replication of certain viruses in murine monocytic macrophages was manifested by depletion of cells through degenerative and necrotizing changes in thymus-dependent areas of lymphoid structures. in mice infected with murine hepatitis virus (mhv-3) or lactate dehydrogenase virus, these changes were transient in mice killed on postinoculation day (pid) 2. to study these morphologic changes due to viral replication, adult swiss specific-pathogen-free homozygous nude mice (nu/nu) and th ... | 1984 | 6329045 |
| selection of genetic variants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in spleens of persistently infected mice. role in suppression of cytotoxic t lymphocyte response and viral persistence. | we studied the mechanism of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) persistence and the suppression of cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses in balb/c wehi mice infected at birth with lcmv armstrong strain. using adoptive transfer experiments we found that spleen cells from persistently infected (carrier) mice actively suppressed the expected lcmv-specific ctl response of spleen cells from normal adult mice. the suppression was specific for the ctl response and lcmv -specific antibody respons ... | 1984 | 6332167 |
| biology of cloned cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: clearance of virus in vivo. | our data show that 1 x 10(7) to 1.5 x 10(7) lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific, h-2-restricted cloned cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) administered intravenously into acutely infected mice totally cleared virus from the spleens (10(4) to 10(5) pfu per spleen reduced to less than 50 pfu per spleen) by 24 h. this activity was genetically restricted in that cloned ctl could reduce titers of infectious virus in syngeneic c57bl/6 mice but not allogeneic balb/c mice. dose-response analysis indic ... | 1984 | 6332201 |
| ultrastructural localization of viral antigens in the cns of mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). | lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) produces a persistent infection of the nervous system in susceptible mice. to map the localization of viral antigens in the central nervous system (cns), the authors studied, by means of ultrastructural immune peroxidase techniques, 4-6-month-old mice persistently infected with lcmv following an intracerebral inoculation at birth. the greatest number of infected neurons was observed in the cortex, particularly of the limbic system, and certain nuclei of ... | 1983 | 6336906 |
| rapid enrichment of mouse natural killer cells by use of wheat germ agglutinin. | the separation of mouse t and b lymphocytes by differential agglutination with wheat germ agglutinin (wga) also enriches natural killer (nk) activity 2-7-fold. nk cells are recovered within the agglutinated cell population indicating that nk cells bind wga. this technique can be applied to endogenous or interferon-induced nk cells. | 1983 | 6341466 |
| lysis of uninfected and virus-infected cells in vivo: a rejection mechanism in addition to that mediated by natural killer cells. | to examine the lysis of virus-infected cells in vivo, uninfected and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv)-infected l-929 cells were labeled in vitro with [125i]-iododeoxyuridine and implanted intravenously into mice. natural cytotoxicity against both uninfected and virus-infected cells was demonstrated in normal uninfected mice, but lcmv-infected cells were cleared from the lungs and whole bodies more rapidly than uninfected cells. treatment of l-929 cells with defective interfering lcmv in ... | 1984 | 6374165 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. vii. structural alterations of the virion by treatment with proteolytic enzymes without loss of infectivity. | treatment of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus with proteolytic enzymes, hyaluronidase, and phospholipase c increased infectious titres. biochemical analysis of bromelain- and trypsin-treated virus revealed that infectivity was high in spite of the decrease to low or undetectable levels of all viral glycoproteins as well as partial degradation of the nucleoprotein. | 1984 | 6379102 |
| use of cloned h-2 genes for study of h-2-restricted cytotoxicity: ld is the lcmv restriction element for h-2d. | | 1983 | 6424289 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis--georgia. | | 1984 | 6427573 |
| virus-induced immune complex disease: specific anti-viral antibody and c1q binding material in the circulation during persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. | mice of several strains persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) mount continuous anti-lcmv immune responses leading to the formation and tissue deposition of immune complexes. such mice carry infectious virus-immunoglobulin (presumably anti-lcmv antibody) complexes in the circulation. we have now determined that anti-lcmv antibody both complexed and free is found in the circulation of mice persistently infected with lcmv. this antibody reacts specifically against the ... | 1980 | 6444319 |
| on the immunocompetence of h-2 incompatible irradiation bone marrow chimeras. | | 1980 | 6444970 |
| the immune response of the mouse to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. ii. active suppression of cell-mediated immunity by infection with high virus doses. | infection of cba/j mice with low doses of strain we lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus resulted in high cell-mediated and relatively low humoral virus-specific immune phenomena; anamnestic responses were marked. in contrast, infection with high doses of this virus induced no or low degrees of cell-mediated immune phenomena but higher antibody concentrations. subsequent challenge of these mice did not reveal cell-mediated immunity. however, transfer of spleen cells from mice suppressed as t ... | 1982 | 6460847 |
| the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in mice suffering from fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. | the ultrastructure and the blood-brain-barrier (bbb) permeability were studied in mice suffering from lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm). brains and meninges from mice suffering from lcm virus-induced lymphocytic choriomeningitis were studied by investigating the bbb function and by electron and light microscopy. the cellular exudate in the leptomeninges was located in the subarachnoid space, in arachnoidea and pia, and it was dominated by proliferated pial cells and mononuclear cells, most of w ... | 1984 | 6464679 |
| two epizootics of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus occurring in laboratory mice despite intensive monitoring programs. | two epizootics of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in mice occurred within two months in one research facility consisting of several widely separated rooms. these outbreaks developed despite intensive institutional monitoring policies designed to prevent introduction and spread of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. evidence derived from serological and virological assays and interviews with the concerned investigators suggested that a single transplantable tumor carried in mice may have been ... | 1984 | 6478303 |
| beneficial effect of cyclosporin a on the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in mice. | the effect of cyclosporin a on the course of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in mice was investigated. evidence is presented that administration of this immunosuppressive drug spares a majority of lethally infected mice. this beneficial effect is different from the one obtained with other treatments leading to the abolition of t cell functions. surviving animals rapidly eliminate the virus and produce high titers of neutralizing igg antibodies. | 1984 | 6499908 |
| analysis of persistent virus infections by in situ hybridization to whole-mouse sections. | nucleic acid hybridization techniques have contributed significantly to the understanding of gene organization, regulation and expression. in the context of persistent or latent viral infections, hybridization with specific labelled probes represents the most sensitive assay presently available for detection of viral genomes. during the course of persistence, viral genomes may exist in multiple and yet quite segregated areas in an infected host, but examination of all tissues remains difficult a ... | 1984 | 6504163 |
| fatal meningitis following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection reflects delayed-type hypersensitivity rather than cytotoxicity. | fatal meningitis following intracerebral inoculation of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) reflects an immunopathological lesion believed to be mediated by cytotoxic t cells. the results presented here demonstrate that pretreatment with cyclophosphamide (cy; 150 mg/kg body weight) 2 days before intracerebral infection significantly reduced the lethality of the infection. however, this treatment did not impair the antiviral cytotoxic response as measured in the spleen. on the other hand, v ... | 1983 | 6601288 |
| age-dependent susceptibility of murine t lymphocytes to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | in neonatal or congenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus carrier mice, low numbers of t lymphocytes were always infected, but attempts to infect resting or stimulated t lymphocytes in previously uninfected adult mice have consistently failed. only t cells in newborn mice were susceptible to lcm virus and their infection persisted when the animals grew older. infectibility declined with increasing age of the mice. initially, the majority was demonstrated among thymocytes, but later more ... | 1983 | 6601687 |
| the immune response of the mouse to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. iii. differences of numbers of cytotoxic t lymphocytes in spleens of mice of different strains. | by use of an accurate procedure for the measurement of relative numbers of murine cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) marked differences of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific ctl in spleens were found among mouse strains that ranged from low over intermediate and high to very high, suggesting a gradient of responses rather than distinct classes. differences were also found between mice sharing the major histocompatibility complex. | 1983 | 6601994 |
| virus elimination in acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. correlation with virus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity rather than cytotoxicity. | the immunological effector mechanism responsible for the elimination of virus in murine acute non-fatal extracranial lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection was studied. in this infection virus clearance is generally regarded as the result of a direct action of virus-specific cytotoxic t cells (tc cells) on virus-producing target cells in the infected mouse. however, by manipulating the antiviral immune response by pretreatment with various doses of cyclophosphamide, we found lack of correl ... | 1983 | 6603010 |
| expression and function of transplantation antigens with altered or deleted cytoplasmic domains. | two mutants of the class i gene encoding the h-2ld transplantation antigen have been constructed. in one mutant the cytoplasmic domain of the class i molecule has been altered by deletion of 24 of the 31 c-terminal residues, and in the second the c-terminal 25 residues of the cytoplasmic domain have been replaced with a unique sequence of 19 amino acids. these mutant class i genes have been transferred into mouse l cells by dna-mediated gene transfer. both mutant genes are expressed at normal le ... | 1983 | 6604582 |
| studies on the role of mononuclear phagocytes in resistance to acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. | the role of mononuclear phagocytes in various phases of the acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infection was studied. the anti-macrophage agent carrageenan delayed virus clearance. carrageenan was most effective when given before virus inoculation, suggesting that it interfered with early events in the host response to the virus. correspondingly, carrageenan enhanced early virus multiplication. pretreatment with carrageenan apparently did not inhibit induction of the t-cell response ... | 1983 | 6606216 |
| evidence for cytotoxic t-lymphocyte-target cell interaction in brains of mice infected intracerebrally with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis is a t-cell-mediated pathologic immune phenomenon. the name of this experimental illness was derived from the principal histopathologic alterations of the central nervous system (cns) of adult mice infected intracerebrally with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, i.e., lymphocytic infiltrations of plexus choroidei and meninges. the general assumption that the main event in the pathogenesis is damage to virus-infected target cells by cytotoxic t-lymphocytes is ... | 1983 | 6606284 |
| virus specificity of cytotoxic t lymphocytes generated during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection: role of the h-2 region in determining cross-reactivity for different lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus strains. | we have compared the relatedness of five different strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) as assessed by lcmv-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl). several different mouse strains were injected with each of the five lcmv strains, and the cross-reactivity of virus-specific ctl generated during the acute infection was tested by killing on a panel of target cells infected with the various lcmv strains. we found that the cross-reactivity pattern of lcmv-specific ctl generated in mice ... | 1984 | 6610062 |
| graft-versus-host reactions in f1 hybrid mice: mhc-restriction-independent generalized depression of virus-specific cytotoxic t cell response. | a graft-versus-host reaction (gvhr) was induced in f1 hybrid mice by intravenous injection of parental spleen cells. a possible effect generated by recipient f1 mice of a gvhr on the restriction specificities of anti-viral cytotoxic t cells was investigated. (a/j x c57bl/6) f1 recipients were injected with 1 x 10(8) or 2 x 10(7) spleen cells from either parent. zero to two weeks later during an acute gvhr or 12 to 26 weeks later during a chronic gvhr, spleen cells from these f1 recipients were a ... | 1984 | 6610629 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. v. proposed structural arrangement of proteins in the virion. | previous work by m.j. buchmeier and his colleagues and by our group has led to the conclusion that the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus contains seven distinct structural proteins, which we have named p200, gp85, p77, p63, gp60, gp44, and gp35. their arrangement in the virion has now been analysed by establishing nearest-neighbour relationships with a homobifunctional crosslinker, by performing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in parallel under reducing and non-reducing conditions, and ... | 1983 | 6619802 |
| properties of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus interfering particles. | lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcm virus) interfering particles (ip) were generated in cultivated cells and their properties determined. unlike true defective interfering (di) particles, lcm virus ip did not show the phenomenon of enrichment and, consequently, passaging the virus undiluted did not result in their accumulation; in fact, more ip were produced during dilute passages. furthermore, the progeny of each of 20 plaques contained high numbers of ip. on the basis of these and previous ... | 1983 | 6625886 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. vi. isolation of a glycoprotein mediating neutralization. | a structural glycoprotein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was obtained in pure form by immunoaffinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody with high neutralizing activity. it blocked neutralization of viral infectivity by antibody and in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis it migrated with an apparent molecular weight of 44 x 10(3). we conclude that the isolated material is identical with the previously described gp44 (gp-1). | 1983 | 6636539 |
| persistent infection of cultivated cells with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: regulation of virus replication. brief report. | l cells were infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcm virus). they were subcultivated and infectious virus and interfering virus were quantified at intervals. both entities fluctuated in perfect parallelism. superinfection with lcm virus revealed a pattern of interference that bore no simple relationship with the quantity of interfering virus present. we explain the oscillating pattern of virus replication, which characterizes this type of lcm virus carrier cultures, as being due to ... | 1983 | 6639358 |
| the course of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in germfree mice treated with bordetella pertussis vaccine. | a single injection of bordetella pertussis vaccine, applied intraperitoneally one day before intracerebral lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection depressed the immune response both in conventional and germfree adult mice, but the rate of the immunosuppressive effect differed. in adult mice with a normal immune system the vaccine only delayed the manifestation of fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis, while it prevented its development in germfree mice with an underdeveloped lymphoid system, i ... | 1983 | 6659851 |
| bacterial modulation of the cellular immune response in mice. i. the course of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in bordetella pertussis vaccine pretreated mice with physiological thymus involution. | the cellular immune response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection was found to be normal in 6-month-old mice with physiological thymus involution, while it was reduced in 18-month-old mice. the bordetella pertussis vaccine elicited immunosuppression in 6-month-old mice with normal immunological responsiveness, while it failed to affect the physiologically diminished cellular immune response in 18-month-old mice. the extent of immunosuppression elicited by the vaccine changed parallel ... | 1983 | 6675411 |
| viral proteins and rnas in bhk cells persistently infected by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | some syrian hamster cell lines persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) do not produce extracellular virus particles but do contain intracytoplasmic infectious material. the proteins of these cells were labeled with [35s]methionine or with [3h]glucosamine and [3h]mannose, and immunoprecipitates were prepared with anti-lcmv sera. a substantial amount of the lcmv nucleocapsid protein (molecular weight about 58,000) was detected, along with gp-c, the precursor of the vir ... | 1983 | 6684173 |
| viral perturbation of endocrine function: disordered cell function leads to disturbed homeostasis and disease. | virus-induced disease occurs both through direct destruction of cells by viruses and/or secondarily through lysis of infected cells by immunological assault. we asked whether viruses could also cause injury and disease by altering the cell's normal or expected functions without destroying the cells. here we show that a relatively noncytopathic virus can perturb endocrine functions by disordering the synthesis of a hormone needed for growth and glucose regulation, while replicating in a specializ ... | 1984 | 6694729 |
| congenital retinitis in the rat following maternal exposure to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | a combined clinical and histopathological study of the eyes of the offspring of females inoculated with lcmv shows that about two-thirds of the pups develop some degree of retinal inflammation. this may range from a mild, subclinical reaction to an overt retinitis characterized clinically by demonstrable inflammatory and degenerative changes. histopathologically, the latter condition presents the picture of an inflammatory reaction with extensive loss of photoreceptors and retinal neurons in gen ... | 1984 | 6723808 |
| [results of a serological examination of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients]. | examinations of specimens from 12 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) by means of enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (elisa) and solid-phase radioimmunoassay ( spira ) demonstrated antibody to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcm) in the blood sera of 3 patients and antigens of lcm virus in sera of 2 other patients. lcm virus antigen was also found in organs of a patient who died of als. lcm virus was isolated from the serum of one patient positive for lcm antigen by inoculation ... | 1984 | 6730435 |
| [the role of interferon in the development of experimental nephritis]. | | 1982 | 6756579 |
| killing of normal cells by activated mouse natural killer cells: evidence for two patterns of genetic regulation of lysis. | normal primary mouse thymocytes and peritoneal cells are sensitive for lysis by mouse spleen cells activated by in vivo infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). with both thymocytes and peritoneal cells as targets, the active killer cell seemed to be an nk cell, as judged by high activity in the mouse mutant nude and low activity in the mouse mutant beige. thymocytes from 1- to 3-week-old mice were found to be most nk-sensitive, while peritoneal cells showed highest sensitivity ... | 1980 | 6768681 |
| susceptibility of newborn mice with h-2k backgrounds to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. | many strains of mice, when injected at birth with an ordinarily lethal dose of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), grow to adulthood despite maintaining a persistent virus infection and chronic virus-induced immune complex disease. because the susceptibility to lcmv infection changed over several years of observation, a number of murine strains with different histocompatibiity gene loci and genetic backgrounds were compared. neonatal mice with h-2b, h-2d, and h-2q backgrounds were relativ ... | 1980 | 6776035 |
| endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase f: endoglycosidase from flavobacterium meningosepticum that cleaves both high-mannose and complex glycoproteins. | we have detected an endoglycosidase activity produced by flavobacterium meningosepticum. this enzyme, named endo f, cleaves glycans of both the high-mannose and the complex type linked through asparagine to the protein backbone. the data indicate that cleavage occurs via hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond of the n,n'-diacetylchitobiose core structure adjacent to asparagine, similar to that due to endo h and endo d. extreme variability was noted in the availability of this cleavage site among n-li ... | 1982 | 6812050 |
| immunopathology of persistent viral infections. | | 1982 | 6815065 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. iii. structural proteins of the virion. | analysis of radioactively labelled and highly purified infectious lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) revealed 12 components which, according to their apparent molecular weight and glycosylation status, were designated as p19, p25, p26, gp35, p38, gp44, gp60, p63, p77, gp85, gp130, and p200. as shown by immunoprecipitation, they all bound to rabbit anti-lcm virus antibodies. three proteins, namely gp35 (= 'gp-2'), gp44 (= 'gp-1') and p63 (= 'np') ... | 1983 | 6827248 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. iv. electron microscopic investigation of the virion. | the structure of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcm virus) was investigated by a variety of conventional as well as novel electron microscopic procedures. thin sections of infected cells revealed the characteristic arenavirus entities whose interiors contain ribosome-like granules but look otherwise empty. in contrast, most thin-sectioned virus particles from infectious cell culture fluid, both untreated and highly purified with little loss of initial infectivity, appeared to be filled with ... | 1983 | 6838378 |
| [serologically documented case of congenital chorioretinitis caused by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus]. | | 1983 | 6857924 |
| a protein kinase activity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and identification of the phosphorylated product using monoclonal antibody. | a cyclic amp-independent protein kinase activity was found in purified preparations of the armstrong ca 1371 strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). using the exquisite sensitivity of monoclonal antibodies to lcmv polypeptides, the internal nucleocapsid n protein was identified as the major virus-specific phosphorylated product of the endogenous protein kinase activity. this was accompanied by an increase in the electrophoretic mobility of n protein as detected by sds-page. after so ... | 1983 | 6857996 |
| an arenavirus isolated from wild-caught rodents (pramys species) in the central african republic. | we isolated nine arenavirus strains from blood and/or tissues of praomys sp. rodents wild-caught in derived savannah and forest gallery areas of the central african republic (car). convalescent serum from either humans or animals infected by lassa, mozambique, or lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus cross-reacted with the strains from the car. however, monoclonal antibodies to these three viruses gave a profile against the car strains suggesting major antigenic differences between each of them and ... | 1983 | 6862813 |
| pituitary dwarfism in mice persistently infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | most strains of mice injected intracerebrally with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus grow to adulthood maintaining a persistent virus infection associated with chronic virus-induced immune complex disease. however, mice on a k background are highly susceptible to neonatal infection and develop the clinical syndrome of pituitary dwarfism and hypoglycemia. examination of pituitary tissue fails to reveal morphologic alteration by light and electron microscopy. within the pituitary, viral antigens ... | 1983 | 6865330 |
| genomic and biological variation among commonly used lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus strains. | six commonly used strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) [armstrong (arm) ca 1371, arm e-350, we, ubc, traub and pasteur c1pv 76001] were examined for distinctive genetic and biological properties. agarose gel electrophoresis yielded no detectable differences among the l or s rnas of these six strains. the rnase t1 fingerprint patterns of lcmv arm ca 1371 and e-350 rnas were similar, but in contrast, those of the we, ubc, traub and pasteur strains differed from each other and from ... | 1983 | 6875516 |
| increase in nk cell number and turnover rate during acute viral infection. | nk cell turnover and division during infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) was examined. treatments with hydroxyurea (hu), a drug specific for cells synthesizing dna, had no effect on control spleen nk cells, but significantly reduced nk cell-mediated lysis in lcmv-infected mice. when hu was administered at 9 and 2 hr before spleen cell harvest, the augmented lysis mediated by nk cells isolated from lcmv-infected mice was only 40% of that mediated by nk cells isolated ... | 1983 | 6886424 |
| role of natural killer cells in tumor growth and metastasis: c57bl/6 normal and beige mice. | the role of natural killer (nk) cells in tumor growth and metastasis was studied in syngeneic normal and beige inbred c57bl/6 mice. mice with the beige point mutation have been shown to be deficient in nonstimulated nk activity. tumor-passaged b16 malignant melanoma cells were refractory to nk activity as determined by in vitro assay, but after in vitro culture they became sensitive to nk activity. the nk-insensitive b16 tumor grew and metastasized similarly in normal and beige mice. however, th ... | 1980 | 6933263 |
| differential natural killer cell reactivity against t cell lymphomas by cells from normal or stimulated mice. | one of the major problems confronting the study of nk cell populations concerns their potential recognition patterns and specificity. in this study three t cell lymphomas that differ markedly in their susceptibility to nk-mediated lysis from normal mice are shown to bear quantitatively but not qualitatively different degrees of nk target structures. the ability of these tumors to be lysed by nk cells can be drastically changed by augmentation of nk activity by lcm virus, but in a manner that dif ... | 1980 | 6965957 |
| lymphohemopoietic origin of the immunogenic, virus-antigen-presenting cells triggering anti-viral t-cell responses. | | 1980 | 6966204 |
| specificity, ly phenotype, and h-2 compatibility requirements of effector cells in delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to murine influenza virus infection. | delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to infectious and to noninfectious (uv-irradiated) influenza a viral preparations was measured in mice by the increase in footpad swelling 24 h after injection of the eliciting virus. dth mice sensitized with noninfectious virus was elicited only by virus that shared hemagglutinin specificity with the sensitizing virus, whereas footpad injection of a given a-strain virus (a/wsn) could elicit dth in mice sensitized with a variety of infectious a-strain viruses, ... | 1980 | 6966309 |
| immunological properties of fc receptor on lymphocytes. viii. the behaviour of fcr+ and fcr- t cells in cell-mediated immune responses. | the roles of splenic fcr+ and fcr- t cells from mice immunized either with allogeneic cells or with lcmv or stimulated either with mmc-treated allogeneic cells or tnp-modified syngeneic cells in vitro were examined for cell-mediated cytolytic responses. effective lysis was observed in the fcr- cell fraction enriched with nylon wool eluted t cells in all experiments. killer cells were generated from the fcr- t-cell fraction after exposure to either allo-, virus- or chemically modified antigen. on ... | 1980 | 6966606 |
| infection of murine t lymphocytes with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: effect of age of mice on susceptibility. | infectious t lymphocytes were determined in thymuses and spleens of mice acutely infected with lcm virus. such cells appeared in newborn animals, but their numbers declined when the age at infection increased and none were found in adult mice. either susceptibility to lcm virus is associated with some degree of immaturity or the probability of murine t lymphocytes to encounter the virus as an infectious entity rather than an immunogen is higher in very young than immunologically mature mice. | 1980 | 6971022 |
| effector t lymphocytes in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-infected mice. cytolytic activity of lyt-23 spleen cells in vitro does not correlate with elimination of infectious virus from spleens. | the t lymphocytes from mice recovering from infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were selected for subclasses by treatment with anti-lyt antisera and complement. lyt-23 cells and mixtures of lyt-1 and lyt-23 cells caused up to one-half the destruction of cultivated target cells as compared with untreated t lymphocytes; lyt-1 cells alone were not cytotoxic. selected and unselected spleen t cells were also inoculated intravenously into previously infected mice. whereas unselected cell ... | 1981 | 6972995 |
| low responsiveness to dk or db plus vaccinia virus or to kk plus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus assessed by availability of d or k products. | the possibility was examined that k or d regulated responsiveness of virus specific cytotoxic t cells was due to the virus-specific and differential effects on expression and/or accessibility of h-2k or d products on virus-infected target cells. cells from established lines of fibroblasts kept in tissue culture, uninfected, infected with either vaccinia virus, with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) or with both lcmv plus vaccinia virus, were compared with respect to expression of kk, dk ... | 1981 | 6977890 |
| product of a transferred h-2ld gene acts as restriction element for lcmv-specific killer t cells. | | 1982 | 6978999 |
| cytotoxic t cells are induced in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus strains of markedly different pathogenicities. | the ability of two lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus substrains to induce cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) responses in intracerebrally infected mice was examined. one strain, designated a (aggressive), provoked a convulsive type of death in 100% of the mice within 8 to 9 days, whereas the other strain, designated d (docile), killed less than 10% of the mice during 28-day observation periods. ctl activity was assessed by the capacity of partially purified splenocytes to lyse 51cr-labeled l-cell tar ... | 1982 | 6979512 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus killer t cells are lethal only in weakly disseminated murine infections. | two types of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) viruses were studied which, upon intracerebral injection into adult c3h mice, provoked either (a) acute fatal central nervous system (cns) disease or (b) life-long persistent infection. both virus types, (a) aggressive and (b) docile, had been found to induce lcm-specific lymphocytes with comparable in vitro lytic activity (11). because the requirement for t cells in the development of adult lcm disease has been extensively documented, we sought ot ... | 1982 | 6979608 |
| multiplication of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in thymocytes during its persistence in mice. | persistence of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus in mice infected in utero or neonatally is due to impairment of the specific subsets of thymus-dependent lymphocytes which, in the adult normal mouse, are involved in elimination of lcm virus. virus-thymocyte interactions were studied since it was likely that this impairment takes place in the thymus. using an infectious centre assay, we found that about 1% of the thymocytes from foetal and neonatal mice were productively infected by the vi ... | 1982 | 6981685 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced immunosuppression: evidence for viral interference with t-cell maturation. | acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) infection is associated with general immunosuppression which develops during the second week of the infection and persists for several weeks. in the present study, the ability of lcmv-infected mice to mount a cytotoxic t-lymphocyte response was investigated in a transplantation assay, using lcmv-immunized mice as recipients. by this means it was possible to evaluate the t-cell responsiveness of the acutely infected mice separately. our results reve ... | 1982 | 6982233 |
| application of a general equation for controlled pore glass permeation chromatography to an aggregating. spherical virus. | a semi-empirical permeation chromatography equation relating pore size, species size and elution coefficient, which had previously been derived from chromatographic data of narrow-molecular-weight dextrans on controlled pore glass, was applied to the chromatography of an aggregating virus particle. a large number of chromatographic runs on columns of different pore sizes were combined and statistically evaluated. the resulting diameter distribution versus infectivity curve for the virus particle ... | 1981 | 7021570 |
| identification of african epidemic icterus virus as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | | 1981 | 7024750 |
| infection of syrian hamsters with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: comparison of detection methods. | the prevention of hamster-associated outbreaks of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in human beings requires rapid and reliable testing of large numbers of hamsters for the infection. to select the most effective test, the antibody response of infected hamsters was determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody and complement-fixation techniques. the indirect fluorescent antibody technique required less than 2 hours to complete, was the first to become positive after infection, and r ... | 1982 | 7049024 |
| [incidence of cell lines carrying lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in laboratories in hungary]. | | 1982 | 7050819 |
| [rapid method of detecting the viral carrier state in lymphocytic choriomeningitis in naturally infected house mice]. | a method for rapid detection of virus carrier state in natural infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis in house mice (mus musculus) has been developed. the method consists in virus antigen detection in the brain, spleen, and feces of mice by the indirect hemagglutination test with immunoglobulin erythrocyte diagnostic agents. | 1982 | 7072232 |
| effect of endotoxin preparations on the course of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in suckling mice. | death occurred earlier and its rate was higher in suckling mice treated with parent or radio-detoxified endotoxin and subsequently inoculated intracerebrally with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus than in their virus infected but untreated control littermates. thus, in suckling mice both the parent and the radio-detoxified endotoxin pretreatment contributed to the outcome of lcm virus infection in the form of lethal meningitis indicating its increasing effect on the cellular immunological ... | 1982 | 7136864 |
| chronic retinitis in rats infected as neonates with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: a clinical, histopathologic, and electroretinographic study. | the long-term sequelae to infection of neonatal rats with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were studied by a variety of approaches, including indirect ophthalmoscopic, electroretinographic, and histopathologic methods. data from these studies demonstrated that a progressive chronic retinitis develops after the acute, virus-specific, immune-mediated retinopathy. this chronic inflammation eventually leads to a total destruction of the retinal architecture. an autoimmune reaction against normally ... | 1982 | 7141814 |
| restricted expression of viral glycoprotein in cells of persistently infected mice. | | 1982 | 7144891 |
| virus-induced alterations in homeostasis: alteration in differentiated functions of infected cells in vivo. | the noncytopathic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus displays a tropism for the anterior lobe of the murine pituitary gland. virus replicates in cells that make growth hormone. this results in a diminished synthesis of growth hormone with a concomitant clinical picture of retarded growth and hypoglycemia. however, there is no morphologic evidence of either cell necrosis or inflammation in the anterior lobe of the pituitary. hence, during infection in vivo, a noncytopathic virus may turn off the ... | 1982 | 7146898 |
| [use of the established l929 cell line in studying the reproduction of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus]. | | 1982 | 7147895 |
| characterization of a nonvirulent variant of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | a cold-adapted, nonvirulent variant of the armstrong strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was isolated from infected l929 cells maintained at 25 degrees c. this variant, designated p17, was capable of replicating in the central nervous system of mice without causing disease and conferring immunity to back challenge with the parental strain. | 1982 | 7159222 |
| a golgi analysis of cerebellar immunopathy in neonatal rats after infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | morphological changes in cerebellar neurons during the immune reaction to a viral infection were examined using golgi methods. wistar albino rats, infected at 4 days of age with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, were killed on postinfection days 4 to 10, and the cerebella were processed by rapid golgi and golgi-cox methods. some of the sections impregnated by the rapid golgi method were subsequently processed for electron microscopy. necrosis was evident in the lingula and portions of the post ... | 1982 | 7166477 |
| lymphocytic choriomeningitis (lcm) virus carrier cell cultures in hungarian laboratories. | one of the hep-2 sublines maintained in the authors' laboratory was found to carry lcm virus. the virus proved to be identical with the prototype strain lcm-am except that its multiplication rate in cell cultures and its mouse pathogenicity were limited. forty-six cell cultures maintained in 10 hungarian laboratories were examined for lcm carriership. sixteen cultures including 11 hep-2 sublines, all originating from a culture brought into hungary in 1959, proved to carry the virus. three fl sub ... | 1982 | 7168370 |
| serological diagnosis in children infected prenatally with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus antibody was detected by immunofluorescence in sera collected 2 to 8 years after birth from six children probably infected prenatally. a neutralization test failed to detect antibodies in two of these children. | 1981 | 7216477 |