| translation of ciap2 mrna is mediated exclusively by a stress-modulated ribosome shunt. | during cellular stress, translation persists or increases for a number of stress-responsive proteins, including cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (ciap2). the ciap2 transcript includes a very long (2.78-kb) 5' untranslated region (utr) with an unusually high number of upstream augs (uaugs), i.e., 64, and a stable predicted secondary structure (deltag congruent with -620 kcal/mol) that should completely block conventional scanning-dependent translation initiation. this region did not facilitate i ... | 2008 | 18195037 |
| plastid targeting strategies for cyanophycin synthetase to achieve high-level polymer accumulation in nicotiana tabacum. | the production of biodegradable polymers in transgenic plants is an important challenge in plant biotechnology; nevertheless, it is often accompanied by reduced plant fitness. in order to decrease the phenotypic abnormalities caused by cytosolic production of the biodegradable polymer cyanophycin, and to increase polymer accumulation, four translocation pathway signal sequences for import into chloroplasts were individually fused to the coding region of the cyanophycin synthetase gene (cpha(te)) ... | 2008 | 18282176 |
| isolation of a strong arabidopsis guard cell promoter and its potential as a research tool. | abstract: | 2008 | 18284694 |
| cross-species functionality of pararetroviral elements driving ribosome shunting. | cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) and rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv) belong to distinct genera of pararetroviruses infecting dicot and monocot plants, respectively. in both viruses, polycistronic translation of pregenomic (pg) rna is initiated by shunting ribosomes that bypass a large region of the pgrna leader with several short (s)orfs and a stable stem-loop structure. the shunt requires translation of a 5'-proximal sorf terminating near the stem. in camv, mutations knocking out this sorf ... | 2008 | 18286203 |
| excision of selectable marker gene from transgenic tobacco using the gm-gene-deletor system regulated by a heat-inducible promoter. | to excise a selectable marker gene from transgenic plants, a new binary expression vector based on the 'genetically modified (gm)-gene-deletor' system was constructed. in this vector, the gene coding for flp site-specific recombinase under the control of a heat shock-inducible promoter hsp18.2 from arabidopsis thaliana and isopentenyltransferase gene (ipt), as a selectable marker gene under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (camv 35s) promoter, were flanked by two loxp/frt fusion s ... | 2008 | 18345518 |
| development of gene expression system in a marine diatom using viral promoters of a wide variety of origin. | promoter sequences of the cytomegalovirus (pcmv), the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat (prsv-ltr) and the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (pcamv35s) were ligated with the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene, uida, and were introduced into cells of the marine diatom, phaeodactylum tricornutum. transformants were selected on a 100 mg l(-1) zeocin plate, and zeocin-resistant clones were further selected by the occurrence of gus activity. two to 10 gus-positive clones were obtained, and gus activities ... | 2008 | 18346072 |
| [inhibition of agrobacterial oncogenes expression by means of antisense rna]. | plant's infection with soil bacteria agrobacterium tumefaciens lead to tumour formation, so called crown galls. the reason of tumorigenesis is integration of agrobacterial genes for phytohormone synthesis auxins and cytokinins in plant genome, the most important of them are iaam and ipt. obtaining of transgenic plants able to inhibit these genes expression, creates conditions for producing of plants resistant to crown gall disease. with this purpose single and double transformants of tobacco pla ... | 2008 | 18389635 |
| overexpression of a new rice vacuolar antiporter regulating protein osarp improves salt tolerance in tobacco. | we examined the function of the rice (oryza sativa l.) antiporter-regulating protein osarp by overexpressing it in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.). in public databases, this protein was annotated as a putative os02g0465900 protein of rice. the osarp gene was introduced into tobacco under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. the transformants were selected for their ability to grow on medium containing kanamycin. incorporation of the transgene in the genome of tobacco was conf ... | 2008 | 18420595 |
| construction and analysis of a plant transformation binary vector pbdgg harboring a bi-directional promoter fusing dual visible reporter genes. | the constitutive promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (camv 35s) is a polar unidirectional promoter and is widely used in plant genetic engineering. in the present study, the unidirectional camv 35s promoter has been modified to a bi-directional promoter by fusing its minimal promoter element to the 5' end of camv 35s promoter in the opposite orientation. to qualitatively and quantitatively estimate its bi-directional transcriptional function and activity, two visible reporter genes, gusa (b ... | 2008 | 18439982 |
| heterologous acidothermus cellulolyticus 1,4-beta-endoglucanase e1 produced within the corn biomass converts corn stover into glucose. | commercial conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars requires inexpensive bulk production of biologically active cellulase enzymes, which might be achieved through direct production of these enzymes within the biomass crops. transgenic corn plants containing the catalytic domain of acidothermus cellulolyticus e1 endo-1,4-beta glucanase and the bar bialaphos resistance coding sequences were generated after biolistic (biorad hercules, ca) bombardment of immature embryo-derived ce ... | 2007 | 18478390 |
| tomato leaf curl virus satellite dna as a gene silencing vector activated by helper virus infection. | tomato leaf curl virus (tlcv) satellite dna (sat-dna) constructs containing functional segments of the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter, replicate in tobacco in the presence of helper tlcv and silence gus activity in transgenic tobacco plants containing a camv 35s-gus expression cassette. we have analysed these plants for evidence of the hallmarks of silencing. the gus transcript was not detectable in the leaves of gus-silenced tobacco plants. these plants contained sirnas of approxi ... | 2008 | 18514962 |
| transformation by t-dna integration causes highly sterile phenotype independent of transgenes in arabidopsis thaliana. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transformation caused highly sterile phenotype in t1 transgenic populations of arabidopsis thaliana. the phenomenon occurred independent of the genes and construct types used for transformation. the occurring frequency is less than 10% and the phenotype is inheritable. intensive examination elucidated that the sterility is due to indehiscence or delayed dehiscence of the anthers during the flowering stage, resulting from the reduced or disordered endotheci ... | 2008 | 18521611 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced bacteraemia does not lead to reporter gene expression in mouse organs. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is the main plant biotechnology gene transfer tool with host range which can be extended to non-plant eukaryotic organisms under laboratory conditions. known medical cases of agrobacterium species isolation from bloodstream infections necessitate the assessment of biosafety-related risks of a. tumefaciens encounters with mammalian organisms. here, we studied the survival of a. tumefaciens in bloodstream of mice injected with bacterial cultures. bacterial titers of 10(8) ... | 2008 | 18523638 |
| expression of insect (microdera puntipennis dzungarica) antifreeze protein mpafp149 confers the cold tolerance to transgenic tobacco. | to elucidate the function of antifreeze protein from microdera puntipennis dzhungarica for freezing stress tolerance in plant, the construct of mpafp149 gene with the signal peptide sequence responsible for secreting the native mpafp149 into the apoplast space under control of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter was introduced into tobacco by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. the observation of immunogold localization by tem (transmission electron microscope) showed that the ... | 2008 | 18528694 |
| construction of an infectious full-length cdna clone of potato virus m. | an infectious full-length cdna clone of potato virus m (pvm) was produced. total rna was extracted from pvm-infected nicotiana hesperis plants and used for cdna synthesis. subsequent rt-pcr produced two dna fragments of about 5.5 and 3.2 kbp, which were ligated downstream of an enhanced 35s cauliflower mosaic virus promoter. after cloning of the enhanced 35s promoter with the pvm sequence into a modified pbin19 plasmid and electroporation of agrobacterium tumefaciens, the agroinoculated pvm full ... | 2008 | 18543062 |
| overexpression of the arabidopsis thaliana eds5 gene enhances resistance to viruses. | the arabidopsis thaliana enhanced disease susceptibility 5 gene (eds5) is required for salicylic acid (sa) synthesis in pathogen-challenged plants. sa and eds5 have an important role in the arabidopsis rcy1 gene-conferred resistance against the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus [cmv(y)], a bromoviridae, and hrt-conferred resistance against the tombusviridae, turnip crinkle virus (tcv). eds5 expression and sa accumulation are induced in response to cmv(y) inoculation in the rcy1-bearing ecot ... | 2008 | 18557905 |
| efficient expression of a toxoplasma gondii dense granule gra4 antigen in tobacco leaves. | a his-tagged truncated version of toxoplasma gondii dense granule 4 protein (gra4(163-345)) was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves. two genetic constructions were used to accomplish this goal. in one of them, based in a potato virus x (pvx) amplicon, the sequence encoding his-gra4(163-345) was placed under control of an additional pvx coat protein subgenomic promoter. in the other, the same sequence was fused to an apoplastic transport signal and placed under the direction of the cauliflowe ... | 2008 | 18588877 |
| evaluation of constitutive viral promoters in transgenic soybean roots and nodules. | the efficiency of beta-glucuronidase (gus) expression was evaluated with five viral promoters to identify the most suitable promoter or promoters for use in soybean hairy roots, including applications to study the symbiotic interaction with bradyrhizobium japonicum. levels of gus activity were fluorimetrically and histochemically assayed when the gus (uida) gene was driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter and enhanced 35s (e35s) promoter, the cassava vein mosaic virus (csvmv) ... | 2008 | 18616399 |
| transcription of cauliflower mosaic virus dna. detection of transcripts, properties, and location of the gene encoding the virus inclusion body protein. | we have detected several cauliflower mosaic virus transcripts in infected turnip leaves by northern-blot hybridization. these rnas ranged in size from 0.9 to about 8 kb. two species, a heterogeneous 7-to 8-kb rna and a 2.3-kb rna, accumulated radioactivity when camv-infected leaves were labeled with [32p]orthophosphate 20 days postinoculation. an abundant 62,000 mw polypeptide was synthesized in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate programmed with rna from infected plants, but this polypeptide was absen ... | 1981 | 18635057 |
| mapping of the coat protein gene of cauliflower mosaic virus by its expression in a prokaryotic system. | polypeptides recognized by antisera to cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) coat protein were found in lysates of escherichia coli cells that carry the complete camv genome on plasmid vectors. synthesis of this cross-reacting material in e. coli was detected when the complete camv dna sequence was present at either of two sites and in either orientation at one site of the cloning vector, suggesting prokaryotic promoter activity for some sequence within the viral dna. using an immunosorbent assay to s ... | 1982 | 18638811 |
| transcription of cauliflower mosaic virus integrated into plant genomes. | a full-length copy of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) was introduced into the t dna of the agrobacterium ti plasmid and integrated into plant genomes. northern analysis of turnip galls revealed two transcripts derived from the integrated camv. a 1900-nucleotide (1.9 kb) transcript arises from the region vi area of the genome and is the same size as the region vi transcript found in camv-infected leaves. a larger 7.5-kb transcript initiates at or near the other known camv promoter, which in infec ... | 1985 | 18639836 |
| identification and characterization of cauliflower mosaic virus replication complexes--analogy to hepatitis b viruses. | putative replication complexes of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) which resemble hepatitis b virus replication complexes in several respects have been identified. the camv replication complexes contain a heterogeneous population of minus-strand dna ranging in size from less than 600 nucleotides to full genome length of 8000 nucleotides. the minus-strand dna of these replication complexes is largely single stranded or in a dna/rna hybrid structure. all of the plus-strand dna within the complexes ... | 1985 | 18639850 |
| enrichment of carotenoids in flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) by metabolic engineering with introduction of bacterial phytoene synthase gene crtb. | linseed flax (linum usitatissimum l.) is an industrially important oil crop, which includes large amounts of alpha-linolenic acid (18:3) and lignan in its seed oil. we report here the metabolic engineering of flax plants to increase carotenoid amount in seeds. agrobacterium-mediated transformation of flax was performed to express the phytoene synthase gene (crtb) derived from the soil bacterium pantoea ananatis (formerly called erwinia uredovora 20d3) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic ... | 2008 | 18640603 |
| a role for inositol hexakisphosphate in the maintenance of basal resistance to plant pathogens. | phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, insp6) is an important phosphate store and signal molecule in plants. however, low-phytate plants are being developed to minimize the negative health effects of dietary insp6 and pollution caused by undigested insp6 in animal waste. insp6 levels were diminished in transgenic potato plants constitutively expressing an antisense gene sequence for myo-inositol 3-phosphate synthase (ips, catalysing the first step in insp6 biosynthesis) or escherichia coli ... | 2008 | 18643983 |
| physical maps of the genomes of dahlia mosaic virus and mirabilis mosaic virus-two members of the caulimovirus group. | the nucleic acids of dahlia mosaic virus (damv) and mirabilis mosaic virus (mmv) have been isolated and compared with the native dna of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv). the native dnas of these viruses separated into circular and linear molecules during gel electrophoresis to produce patterns nearly identical to those of camv. the dnas of damv and mmv were cloned in bacteria and used for mapping the cleavage sites for 14 different restriction endonucleases. these sites were confirmed with native ... | 1983 | 18644277 |
| potyviral proteins share amino acid sequence homology with picorna-, como-, and caulimoviral proteins. | the predicted amino acid sequences of the polyproteins of two potyviruses, tobacco vein mottling virus (tvmv) and tobacco etch virus (tev), were compared to each other, to proteins of other viruses, and to the national biomedical research foundation protein sequence bank. three potyviral proteins, the cylindrical inclusion and the two nuclear inclusion proteins, were found to be homologous to proteins considered to be involved in the replication and expression of picorna- and comovirus rna. a lo ... | 1987 | 18644561 |
| expression of alfalfa mosaic virus and tobacco rattle virus coat protein genes in transgenic tobacco plants. | using the agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vector system, a chimeric gene consisting of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35 s promoter, alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) coat protein (cp) cistron, and the nopaline synthase polyadenylation signal was integrated into the genome of nicotiana tabacum cv. samsun nn. in 70% of the transgenic tobacco plants the chimeric mrna and its translation product could be detected. cp accumulated to levels up to 0.05% of the soluble leaf protein. the accumulation was indep ... | 1987 | 18644569 |
| protein encoded by orf i of cauliflower mosaic virus is part of the viral inclusion body. | coding sequences of orf i from cauliflower mosaic virus were cloned in an escherichia coli expression vector. a protein derived from this orf was used to raise antibodies in rabbits. immunoblots revealed that in infected plants the orf i protein with an apparent molecular weight of 41 kda is part of the viral inclusion bodies and is absent from purified virus particles. amino acid sequence homologies of the orf i protein with other proteins are discussed. | 1987 | 18644578 |
| stress responsive zinc-finger protein gene of populus euphratica in tobacco enhances salt tolerance. | the populus euphratica stress responsive zinc-finger protein gene pstz, which encodes a protein including typical cys(2)/his(2) zinc finger structure, was isolated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from p. euphratica. northern hybridization revealed that its expression was induced under drought and salt stress conditions. to examine its function, cdna of the pstz gene, driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter, was cloned into a plant expression vector pbin438 and intr ... | 2008 | 18666952 |
| the phenotypic expression of a genotype: bringing muddy boots and micropipettes together. | starting with the influences of having a father who was an agricultural plant pathologist, i sketch my career through university and research institute from field epidemiology, basic virus characterization to molecular biology. i note what i consider to be the highlights of my scientific career and the events that shaped the development of my thinking. these include secondment to teach in a university in uganda, a sabbatical year in the university of california, davis, where i became aware of th ... | 2008 | 18680420 |
| expression of a bacterial flagellin gene triggers plant immune responses and confers disease resistance in transgenic rice plants. | flagellin is a component of bacterial flagella and acts as a proteinaceous elicitor of defence responses in organisms. flagellin from a phytopathogenic bacterium, acidovorax avenae strain n1141, induces immune responses in suspension-cultured rice cells. to analyse the function of flagellin in rice, we fused the n1141 flagellin gene to the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and introduced it into rice. many of the resulting transgenic rice plants accumulated flagellin at various levels. the t ... | 2008 | 18705865 |
| expression of sambucus nigra agglutinin (sna-i') from elderberry bark in transgenic tobacco plants results in enhanced resistance to different insect species. | tobacco plants (nicotiana tabacum cv samsun nn) have been transformed with the gene encoding the type-2 ribosome-inactivating protein (rip) sna-i' from elderberry (sambucus nigra) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. previous research confirmed that these plants synthesize, correctly process and assemble a fully active rip. variability in protein expression was observed within the transgenic lines. the effects of the type-2 rip sna-i' delivered through a leaf feeding a ... | 2009 | 18720022 |
| hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus coat protein inhibits trans-acting small interfering rna biogenesis in arabidopsis. | many plant and animal viruses have evolved suppressor proteins to block host rna silencing at various stages of the rna silencing pathways. hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv) coat protein (cp) is capable of suppressing the transiently expressed sense-rna-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) in nicotiana benthamiana. here, constitutively expressed hcrsv cp from transgenic arabidopsis was found to be able to rescue expression of the silenced gus transgene. the hcrsv cp-transge ... | 2008 | 18753245 |
| cadmium resistance in transgenic tobacco plants enhanced by expressing bean heavy metal-responsive gene pvsr2. | pvsr2 (phaseolus vulgaris stress-related gene) has been cloned from french bean and shown to be expressed specifically upon heavy metal treatment. in order to investigate the role of pvsr2 in plant, pvsr2 gene under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter was introduced into tobacco mediated with agrobacterium tumefaciens lba4404. the regenerated plantlets were selected on medium with 100 mg/l kanamycin. pcr and southern blot analysis showed pvsr2 gene was integrated in tobacco geno ... | 2003 | 18758719 |
| bioreactor strategies for improving production yield and functionality of a recombinant human protein in transgenic tobacco cell cultures. | plant cell culture production of recombinant products offers a number of advantages over traditional eukaryotic expression systems, particularly if the product can be targeted to and purified from the cell culture broth. however, one of the main obstacles is product degradation by proteases that are produced during cell culture, and/or the loss of biological activity of secreted (extracellular) products as a result of alteration in the protein conformation. because proteolysis activity and targe ... | 2009 | 18767186 |
| atccx3 is an arabidopsis endomembrane h+ -dependent k+ transporter. | the arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) cation calcium exchangers (ccxs) were recently identified as a subfamily of cation transporters; however, no plant ccxs have been functionally characterized. here, we show that arabidopsis atccx3 (at3g14070) and atccx4 (at1g54115) can suppress yeast mutants defective in na(+), k(+), and mn(2+) transport. we also report high-capacity uptake of (86)rb(+) in tonoplast-enriched vesicles from yeast expressing atccx3. cation competition studies showed inhibition ... | 2008 | 18775974 |
| the camv transactivator/viroplasmin interferes with rdr6-dependent trans-acting and secondary sirna pathways in arabidopsis. | several rna silencing pathways in plants restrict viral infections and are suppressed by distinct viral proteins. here we show that the endogenous trans-acting (ta)sirna pathway, which depends on dicer-like (dcl) 4 and rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdr) 6, is suppressed by infection of arabidopsis with cauliflower mosaic virus (camv). this effect was associated with overaccumulation of unprocessed, rdr6-dependent precursors of tasirnas and is due solely to expression of the camv transactivator/v ... | 2008 | 18801846 |
| cauliflower mosaic virus gene vi product n-terminus contains regions involved in resistance-breakage, self-association and interactions with movement protein. | cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) gene vi encodes a multifunctional protein (p6) involved in the translation of viral rna, the formation of inclusion bodies, and the determination of host range. arabidopsis thaliana ecotype tsu-0 prevents the systemic spread of most camv isolates, including cm1841. however, camv isolate w260 overcomes this resistance. in this paper, the n-terminal 110 amino acids of p6 (termed d1) were identified as the resistance-breaking region. d1 also bound full-length p6. fur ... | 2008 | 18851998 |
| involvement of beet western yellows virus, cauliflower mosaic virus, and turnip mosaic virus in internal disorders of stored white cabbage. | abstract experiments over two growing seasons clearly showed that turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infection was associated with internal necrosis (sunken necrotic spots 5 to 10 mm in diameter) and beet western yellows virus (bwyv) infection was associated with collapse of leaf tissue at the margins (tipburn) in heads of stored white cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata). virtually no tipburn was seen in cv. polinius, whereas cv. impala was affected severely. internal necrotic spots were seen in b ... | 2002 | 18942959 |
| introgression of a tombusvirus resistance locus from nicotiana edwardsonii var. columbia to n. clevelandii. | abstract a new variety of nicotiana, n. edwardsonii var. columbia, was evaluated for its capacity to serve as a new source for virus resistance genes. columbia was developed from a hybridization between n. glutinosa and n. clevelandii, the same parents used for the formation of the original n. edwardsonii. however, in contrast to the original n. edwardsonii, crosses between columbia and either of its parents are fertile. thus, the inheritance of virus resistance genes present in n. glutinosa cou ... | 2006 | 18944304 |
| complementation of coat protein mutants of pepper huasteco geminivirus in transgenic tobacco plants. | abstract the role of the pepper huasteco virus (phv) coat protein (cp) gene during the infection was investigated in three different hosts by using mutations that produced truncated proteins and by complementation assays in transgenic plants. the infectivity analysis revealed that mutants that express truncated cp (cp7 and cp191) behave like the wild-type virus when inoculated onto pepper and nicotiana benthamiana plants in terms of symptom expression and viral dna movement. on the contrary, the ... | 1999 | 18944688 |
| trans-dominant inhibition of geminiviral dna replication by bean golden mosaic geminivirus rep gene mutants. | abstract geminiviruses are a group of single-stranded dna viruses that cause major losses on a number of important crops throughout the world. bean golden mosaic virus (bgmv) is a typical bipartite, whitefly-transmitted geminivirus that causes a severe disease on beans (phaseolus vulgaris) in the western hemisphere. the lack of natural resistance to geminiviruses has led to attempts to engineer resistance, particularly through the use of pathogen-derived resistance strategies. the rep gene conta ... | 1999 | 18944720 |
| over-expression of the cell death regulator bax inhibitor-1 in barley confers reduced or enhanced susceptibility to distinct fungal pathogens. | bax inhibitor-1 (bi-1) is a conserved cell death regulator protein that inhibits mammalian bax-induced cell death in yeast, animals and plants. additionally, hvbi-1 suppresses defense responses and resistance to the powdery mildew fungus blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (bgh) when over-expressed in single epidermal cells of barley. to test the potential of ectopic expression of bi-1 to influence fungal interactions with crop plants, we produced stable transgenic barley plants expressing a green fl ... | 2009 | 18956174 |
| use of conserved genomic regions and degenerate primers in a pcr-based assay for the detection of members of the genus caulimovirus. | the genus caulimovirus consists of several distinct virus species with a double-stranded dna genome that infect diverse plant species. a comparative analysis of the sequences of known caulimovirus species revealed two regions that are conserved in all caulimovirus species with the exception of strawberry vein banding virus. degenerate primers based on these two regions were designed and tested in a polymerase chain reaction-based assay for broad spectrum detection of members of this genus. cauli ... | 2009 | 19100290 |
| development and use of an efficient dna-based viral gene silencing vector for soybean. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is increasingly being used as a reverse genetics tool to study functions of specific plant genes. it is especially useful for plants, such as soybean, that are recalcitrant to transformation. previously, bean pod mottle virus (bpmv) was shown to be an effective vigs vector for soybean. however, the reported bpmv vector requires in vitro rna transcription and inoculation, which is not reliable or amenable to high-throughput applications. to increase the efficie ... | 2009 | 19132865 |
| generation and immunogenicity of japanese encephalitis virus envelope protein expressed in transgenic rice. | transgenic plants have become attractive as bioreactors to produce heterologous proteins that can be developed as edible vaccines. in the present study, transgenic rice expressing the envelope protein (e) of japanese encephalitis virus (jev), under the control of a dual cauliflower mosaic virus (camv 35s) promoter, was generated by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. southern blot, northern blot, western blot and elisa analyses confirmed that the e gene was integrated into transgenic rice and ... | 2009 | 19166811 |
| peroxisomal targeting signals in green algae. | peroxisomal enzymatic proteins contain targeting signals (pts) to enable their import into peroxisomes. these targeting signals have been identified as pts1 and pts2 in mammalian, yeast, and higher plant cells; however, no pts2-like amino acid sequences have been observed in enzymes from the genome database of cyanidiochyzon merolae (bangiophyceae), a primitive red algae. in studies on the evolution of pts, it is important to know when their sequences came to be the peroxisomal targeting signals ... | 2009 | 19214701 |
| nuclear activity of roxy1, a glutaredoxin interacting with tga factors, is required for petal development in arabidopsis thaliana. | glutaredoxins (grxs) have thus far been associated mainly with redox-regulated processes participating in stress responses. however, roxy1, encoding a grx, has recently been shown to regulate petal primorida initiation and further petal morphogenesis in arabidopsis thaliana. roxy1 belongs to a land plant-specific class of grxs that has a cc-type active site motif, which deviates from ubiquitously occurring cpyc and cgfs grxs. expression studies of yellow fluorescent protein-roxy1 fusion genes dr ... | 2009 | 19218396 |
| molecular characterization of the sweet potato peroxidase swpa4 promoter which responds to abiotic stresses and pathogen infection. | previously, the swpa4 peroxidase gene has been shown to be inducible by a variety of abiotic stresses and pathogenic infections in sweet potato (ipomoea batatas). to elucidate its regulatory mechanism at the transcriptional level under various stress conditions, we isolated and characterized the promoter region (2374 bp) of swpa4 (referred to as swpa4). we performed a transient expression assay in tobacco protoplasts with deletions from the 5'-end of swpa4 promoter fused to the beta-glucuronidas ... | 2009 | 19226312 |
| expression of the yeast trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene in transgenic tobacco plants: pleiotropic phenotypes include drought tolerance. | the yeast trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (tps1) was engineered under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus regulatory sequences (camv35s) for expression in plants. using agrobacterium-mediated transfer, the gene was incorporated into the genomic dna and constitutively expressed in nicotiana tabacum l. plants. trehalose was determined in the transformants, by anion-exchange chromatography coupled to pulsed amperometric detection. the non-reducing disaccharide accumulated up to 0.17 mg ... | 1997 | 19343407 |
| a transformation booster sequence (tbs) from petunia hybrida functions as an enhancer-blocking insulator in arabidopsis thaliana. | several matrix-attachment regions (mars) from animals have been shown to block interactions between an enhancer and promoter when situated between the two. since a similar function for plant mars has not been discerned, we tested the zea mays adh1 5' mar, nicotiana tabacum rb7 3' mar and a transformation booster sequence (tbs) mar from petunia hybrida for their ability to impede enhancer-promoter interactions in arabidopsis thaliana. stable transgenic lines containing vectors in which one of the ... | 2009 | 19373469 |
| stilbene synthase gene transfer caused alterations in the phenylpropanoid metabolism of transgenic strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). | the gene encoding stilbene synthase is frequently used to modify plant secondary metabolism with the aim of producing the self-defence phytoalexin resveratrol. in this study, strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) was transformed with the ns-vitis3 gene encoding stilbene synthase from frost grape (vitis riparia) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s and the floral filament-specific fil1 promoters. changes in leaf metabolites were investigated with uplc-qtof-ms (ultra performance liquid ... | 2009 | 19443619 |
| strategies to mitigate transgene-promoter interactions. | the expression pattern of tissue-specific promoters in transgenes can be influenced by promoter/enhancer elements employed for the expression of selectable marker genes or elements found in dna flanking the insertion site. we have developed an analytical system in arabidopsis thaliana to investigate strategies useful in blocking or reducing nonspecific interactions. these experiments confirm that the dna configuration and the insertion of spacer dna aid in the appropriate expression of tissue-sp ... | 2009 | 19490507 |
| stable expression of the chlorocatechol dioxygenase gene from ralstonia eutropha nh9 in hybrid poplar cells. | the cbna gene encoding chlorocatechol dioxygenase from the soil bacterium ralstonia eutropha nh9 under the control of a modified cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter was introduced into a hybrid poplar (populus tremula x p. tremuloides). integration of the cbna gene in transgenic poplar was confirmed by pcr and genomic southern blot analysis. expression of the cbna gene was analyzed by western blot analysis. transgenic poplar calli efficiently converted 3-chlorocatechol to 2-chloro-cis,cis-muco ... | 2009 | 19502754 |
| molecular dissection of the prototype foamy virus (pfv) rna 5'-utr identifies essential elements of a ribosomal shunt. | the prototype foamy virus (pfv) is a nonpathogenic retrovirus that shows promise as a vector for gene transfer. the pfv (pre)genomic rna starts with a long complex leader that can be folded into an elongated hairpin, suggesting an alternative strategy to cap-dependent linear scanning for translation initiation of the downstream gag open reading frame (orf). we found that the pfv leader carries several short orfs (sorfs), with the three 5'-proximal sorfs located upstream of a structural element. ... | 2009 | 19638424 |
| characterization of the cassava geminivirus transcription activation protein putative nuclear localization signal. | the geminivirus transcription activation protein (trap) localizes to the nucleus and contains a putative nuclear localization signal (nls) ((28)prrrr(32)) on the n-terminus. the role of individual residues of this putative nls on nuclear localization and symptom induction was investigated using trap of east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv). subcellular localization was conducted using the green fluorescent protein (gfp). results showed that the proline residue at position 28 (pro-2 ... | 2009 | 19665038 |
| [use of the gene of antimicrobial peptide cecropin p1 for producing marker-free transgenic plants]. | the marker-free transgenic tobacco plants carrying a synthetic gene encoding the antimicrobial peptide cecropin p1 (cecp1) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s rna promoter were produced. the binary vector pbm, free of any selective genes of resistance to antibiotics or herbicides intended for selecting transgenic plants, was used for transformation. the transformants were screened on a nonselective medium by detecting cecropin p1 in plant cells according to the antibacterial ac ... | 2009 | 19769295 |
| phenolic compounds in ectomycorrhizal interaction of lignin modified silver birch. | the monolignol biosynthetic pathway interconnects with the biosynthesis of other secondary phenolic metabolites, such as cinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids and condensed tannins. the objective of this study is to evaluate whether genetic modification of the monolignol pathway in silver birch (betula pendula roth.) would alter the metabolism of these phenolic compounds and how such alterations, if exist, would affect the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. | 2009 | 19788757 |
| development of a qualitative, multiplex real-time pcr kit for screening of genetically modified organisms (gmos). | the number of commercially available genetically modified organisms (gmos) and therefore the diversity of possible target sequences for molecular detection techniques are constantly increasing. as a result, gmo laboratories and the food production industry currently are forced to apply many different methods to reliably test raw material and complex processed food products. screening methods have become more and more relevant to minimize the analytical effort and to make a preselection for furth ... | 2010 | 19798485 |
| acute but not chronic exposure to abiotic stress results in transient reduction of expression levels of the transgene driven by the 35s promoter. | the transgenic plant performance depends on the stable expression of the integrated transgene. in this paper, we have analyzed the stability of the most frequently used constitutive promoter, the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter. we used several independent nicotiana tabacum lines transgenic for the luciferase (luc) or green fluorescence protein (gfp) coding genes driven by the same 35s promoter. as an indication of the expression level, we measured the steady state rna level, protei ... | 2010 | 19800040 |
| covering common ground: f-actin-dependent transport of plant viral protein inclusions reveals a novel mechanism for movement utilized by unrelated viral proteins. | plant viruses are composed of diverse genomes (e.g., rna or dna) encoding proteins that vary widely in sequence. it is becoming clear, however, that some apparently unrelated viral proteins have similar functions. the p6 protein encoded by cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) and the 126-kda protein encoded by tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) are examples of this convergence in protein function. although having no apparent sequence similarity, both proteins are pathogenicity determinants during infection, ... | 2009 | 19816096 |
| the 5' untranslated region of the vr-acs1 mrna acts as a strong translational enhancer in plants. | the structure and function of untranslated mrna leader sequences and their role in controlling gene expression remains poorly understood. previous research has suggested that the 5' untranslated region (5'utr) of the vigna radiata aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase synthase (vr-acs1) gene may function as a translational enhancer in plants. to test such hypothesis we compared the translation enhancing properties of three different 5'utrs; those from the vr-acs1, the chlorophyll a/b binding ... | 2010 | 19816782 |
| oligonucleotide-based microarray for detection of plant viruses employing sequence-independent amplification of targets. | the potential of dna microarrays for detection of plant viruses is hampered by underutilization of sequence-independent amplification methods for target nucleic acid enrichment. a microarray system is described for an unbiased detection of plant viruses using both short (30 nt) and long (50 and 70 nt) oligonucleotide probes. the assay involves amplification of target nucleic acid using random primers followed by in vitro transcription whose crna product is labeled chemically, fragmented and used ... | 2010 | 19850081 |
| establishment of a system based on universal multiplex-pcr for screening genetically modified crops. | the rapid development of many genetically modified (gm) crops in the past two decades makes it necessary to introduce an alternative strategy for routine screening and identification. in this study, we established a universal multiplex pcr detection system which will effectively reduce the number of reactions needed for sample identification. the pcr targets of this system include the six most frequently used transgenic elements: cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter, agrobacterium tumefa ... | 2010 | 19855961 |
| the use of 35s and tnos expression elements in the measurement of genetically engineered plant materials. | an online survey was conducted by the international life sciences institute, food biotechnology committee, on the use of qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays for cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and agrobacterium tumefaciens tnos dna sequence elements for the detection of genetically engineered (ge) crop plant material. forty-four testing laboratories around the world completed the survey. the results showed the widespread use of such methods, the multiplicity ... | 2010 | 19856176 |
| analysis of a post-translational steroid induction system for gigantea in arabidopsis. | to investigate the link between the flowering time gene gigantea (gi) and downstream genes, an inducible gi system was developed in arabidopsis thaliana l. heynh. transgenic arabidopsis plant lines were generated with a steroid-inducible post-translational control system for gi. the gene expression construct consisted of the coding region of the gi protein fused to that of the ligand binding domain of the rat glucocorticoid receptor (gr). this fusion gene was expressed from the constitutive caul ... | 2009 | 19943973 |
| a root-expressed magnesium transporter of the mrs2/mgt gene family in arabidopsis thaliana allows for growth in low-mg2+ environments. | the mrs2/mgt gene family in arabidopsis thaliana belongs to the superfamily of cora-mrs2-alr-type membrane proteins. proteins of this type are characterized by a gmn tripeptide motif (gly-met-asn) at the end of the first of two c-terminal transmembrane domains and have been characterized as magnesium transporters. using the recently established mag-fura-2 system allowing direct measurement of mg(2+) uptake into mitochondria of saccharomyces cerevisiae, we find that all members of the arabidopsis ... | 2009 | 19966073 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of withania somnifera (l.) dunal: an important medicinal plant. | this report describes agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of withania somnifera--an important indian medicinal plant. a. tumefaciens strain lba4404, containing the binary vector pig121hm was used for transformation, along with the gusa reporter gene with intron under the transcriptional control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter. the leaf segments from two-and-a-half-month-old green house-grown seedlings were more efficient in transformation, as compared to those f ... | 2010 | 20012541 |
| analysis of promoter activity in transgenic plants by normalizing expression with a reference gene: anomalies due to the influence of the test promoter on the reference promoter. | variations in transgene expression due to position effect and copy number are normalized when analysing and comparing the strengths of different promoters. in such experiments, the promoter to be tested is placed upstream to a reporter gene and a second expression cassette is introduced in a linked fashion in the same transfer dna (t-dna). normalization in the activity of the test promoter is carried out by calculating the ratio of activities of the test and reference promoters. when an appropri ... | 2009 | 20093748 |
| validation of a newly developed hexaplex real-time pcr assay for screening for presence of gmos in food, feed and seed. | for years, an increasing number and diversity of genetically modified plants has been grown on a commercial scale. the need for detection and identification of these genetically modified organisms (gmos) calls for broad and at the same time flexible high throughput testing methods. here we describe the development and validation of a hexaplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) screening assay covering more than 100 approved gmos containing at least one of the gmo targets of the assay. the ... | 2010 | 20101506 |
| the sweet potato ibmyb1 gene as a potential visible marker for sweet potato intragenic vector system. | myb transcription factors play important roles in transcriptional regulation of many secondary metabolites including anthocyanins. we cloned the r2r3-myb type ibmyb1 complementary dnas from the purple-fleshed sweet potato (ipomoea batatas l. cv sinzami) and investigated the expression patterns of ibmyb1 gene with ibmyb1a and ibmyb1b splice variants in leaf and root tissues of various sweet potato cultivars by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the transcripts of ibmyb1 were predomi ... | 2010 | 20163556 |
| upregulation of phytosterol and triterpene biosynthesis in centella asiatica hairy roots overexpressed ginseng farnesyl diphosphate synthase. | farnesyl diphosphate synthase (fps) plays an essential role in organ development in plants. however, fps has not previously been identified as a key regulatory enzyme in triterpene biosynthesis. to elucidate the functions of fps in triterpene biosynthesis, c. asiatica was transformed with a construct harboring panax ginseng fps (pgfps)-encoding cdna coupled to the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. higher levels of cadds (c. asiatica dammarenediol synthase) and cacys (c. asiatica cycloarteno ... | 2010 | 20195611 |
| strict de novo methylation of the 35s enhancer sequence in gentian. | a novel transgene silencing phenomenon was found in the ornamental plant, gentian (gentiana triflora x g. scabra), in which the introduced cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter region was strictly methylated, irrespective of the transgene copy number and integrated loci. transgenic tobacco having the same vector did not show the silencing behavior. not only unmodified, but also modified 35s promoters containing a 35s enhancer sequence were found to be highly methylated in the single copy ... | 2010 | 20351783 |
| overexpression and suppression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase affects the sensitivity of photosystem ii photoinhibition to high light and chilling stress in transgenic tobacco. | tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) transformed with the sense and antisense constructs of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) violaxanthin de-epoxidase gene (levde) was obtained under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter (35s-camv). reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis demonstrated that the exogenous gene was integrated into the tobacco genome. wild type (wt), the sense-transgenic line t(1)-24(+) and the antisense-transgenic line t(1)-17(-) were use ... | 2010 | 20377694 |
| efficiency of vigs and gene expression in a novel bipartite potexvirus vector delivery system as a function of strength of tgb1 silencing suppression. | we have developed plant virus-based vectors for virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) and protein expression, based on alternanthera mosaic virus (altmv), for infection of a wide range of host plants including nicotiana benthamiana and arabidopsis thaliana by either mechanical inoculation of in vitro transcripts or via agroinfiltration. in vivo transcripts produced by co-agroinfiltration of bacteriophage t7 rna polymerase resulted in t7-driven altmv infection from a binary vector in the absence of ... | 2010 | 20381827 |
| the application of the yeast n-acetyltransferase mpr1 gene and the proline analogue l-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid as a selectable marker system for plant transformation. | the yeast n-acetyltransferase mpr1 gene has previously been shown to confer resistance to the toxic proline analogue azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (a2c) in yeast and transgenic tobacco. here experiments were carried out to determine if mpr1 and a2c can work as a selectable marker system for plant transformation. the mpr1 gene was inserted into a binary vector under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and nopaline synthase terminator, and transformed into tobacco via the agroba ... | 2010 | 20430752 |
| the hypersensitive response induced by the v2 protein of a monopartite begomovirus is countered by the c2 protein. | a functional analysis of the v2 protein of two monopartite begomoviruses, papaya leaf curl virus (palcuv) and cotton leaf curl kokhran virus (clcukov), has been performed. expression of the v2 gene from a potato virus x (pvx) vector resulted in severe leaf curling followed by a hypersensitive response (hr) in nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum, demonstrating that the v2 protein is a pathogenicity determinant and a target of host defence responses. agroinfiltration of a pvx vector expressing th ... | 2010 | 20447273 |
| stable production of thermotolerant xylanase b of clostridium stercorarium in transgenic tobacco and rice. | the xylanase b gene encoding a thermostable family 10 xylanase of clostridium stercorarium was expressed in plants under the control of a constitutive promoter. two forms of the xylanase b gene, the xynb gene encoding the full length of the xylanase b gene including the bacterial signal sequence and the xynbm gene without the signal sequence region, were introduced into tobacco by-2 cells and tobacco plants respectively under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. transgenic b ... | 2010 | 20460730 |
| overexpression of osmotin gene confers tolerance to salt and drought stresses in transgenic tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.). | abiotic stresses, especially salinity and drought, are major limiting factors for plant growth and crop productivity. in an attempt to develop salt and drought tolerant tomato, a dna cassette containing tobacco osmotin gene driven by a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter was transferred to tomato (solanum lycopersicum) via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. putative t0 transgenic plants were screened by pcr analysis. the selected transformants were evaluated for salt and drought stress tol ... | 2010 | 20467880 |
| arabidopsis thaliana as a model for the study of plant-virus co-evolution. | understanding plant-virus coevolution requires wild systems in which there is no human manipulation of either host or virus. to develop such a system, we analysed virus infection in six wild populations of arabidopsis thaliana in central spain. the incidence of five virus species with different life-styles was monitored during four years, and this was analysed in relation to the demography of the host populations. total virus incidence reached 70 per cent, which suggests a role of virus infectio ... | 2010 | 20478893 |
| over-expression of stapx in tobacco improves seed germination and increases early seedling tolerance to salinity and osmotic stresses. | ascorbate peroxidase plays a key role in scavenging reactive oxygen species under environmental stresses and in protecting plant cells against toxic effects. the solanum lycopersicum thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase gene (stapx) was introduced into tobacco under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. transformants were selected for their ability to grow on medium containing kanamycin. rna gel blot analysis confirmed that stapx was transferred into the tobacco genome and st ... | 2010 | 20524119 |
| expression of mycobacterium leprae hsp65 in tobacco and its effectiveness as an oral treatment in adjuvant-induced arthritis. | transgenic plants are able to express molecules with antigenic properties. in recent years, this has led the pharmaceutical industry to use plants as alternative systems for the production of recombinant proteins. plant-produced recombinant proteins can have important applications in therapeutics, such as in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). in this study, the mycobacterial hsp65 protein expressed in tobacco plants was found to be effective as a treatment for adjuvant-induced arthritis ... | 2011 | 20526808 |
| transgenic citrus plants expressing the citrus tristeza virus p23 protein exhibit viral-like symptoms. | summary the 23 kda protein (p23) coded by the 3'-terminal gene of citrus tristeza virus (ctv), a member of the genus closterovirus with the largest genome among plant rna viruses, is an rna-binding protein that contains a motif rich in cysteine and histidine residues in the core of a putative zinc-finger domain. on this basis, a regulatory role for ctv replication or gene expression has been suggested for p23. to explore whether over-expression of this protein in transgenic plants could affect t ... | 2001 | 20572989 |
| enhanced tolerance to low temperature in tobacco by over-expression of a new maize protein phosphatase 2c, zmpp2c2. | low temperature is one of the most common environmental stresses affecting plant growth and agricultural production. serine/threonine protein phosphatases 2c (pp2cs) have been suggested to play an important role in stress signaling. to identify potential new member of the pp2c proteins in maize and investigate its functions for stress responses, the zmpp2c2 gene, encoding a new pp2c protein from maize roots, was cloned by rt-pcr and race-pcr. its constitutive expression in roots, stems and leave ... | 2010 | 20580122 |
| antisense-mediated depletion of tomato endoplasmic reticulum omega-3 fatty acid desaturase enhances thermal tolerance. | an endoplasmic reticulum-localized tomato omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene (lefad3) was isolated. the antisense tomato plants were obtained under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter (35s-camv). northern blot analysis confirmed that the expression of lefad3 was inhibited in the tomato genome. levels of 18:3 decreased and correspondingly levels of 18:2 increased in total lipids of leaves and roots. after heat stress, the fresh weight of the aerial parts of antisense transgen ... | 2010 | 20590987 |
| both the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus 35s and tissue-specific agamous enhancers activate transcription autonomously in arabidopsis thaliana. | the expression of eukaryotic genes from their cognate promoters is often regulated by the action of transcriptional enhancer elements that function in an orientation-independent manner either locally or at a distance within a genome. this interactive nature often provokes unexpected interference within transgenes in plants, as reflected by misexpression of the introduced gene and undesired phenotypes in transgenic lines. to gain a better understanding of the mechanism underlying enhancer/promote ... | 2010 | 20703807 |
| [tobacco transformants expressing the medicago truncatula ornithine aminotransferase cdna]. | the medicago truncatula ornithine aminotransferase cdna was cloned under the potent constitutive 35s rna promoter of the cauliflower mosaic virus and transferred into the genome of tobacco nicotiana tabacum sr1 plants. transformed tobacco plants grew better in salinity stress, but did not differ in proline content under normal or stress conditions from control plants. it was assumed that the role of ornithine aminotransferase in the molecular mechanisms of stress resistance is not associated wit ... | 2010 | 20795505 |
| upregulation of pyrophosphate: fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (pfp) activity in strawberry. | pyrophosphate: fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (pfp) is a cytosolic enzyme catalyzing the first committed step in glycolysis by reversibly phosphorylating fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. the position of pfp in glycolytic and gluconeogenic metabolism, as well as activity patterns in ripening strawberry, suggest that the enzyme may influence carbohydrate allocation to sugars and organic acids. fructose-2,6-bisphosphate activates and tightly regulates pfp activity in pl ... | 2010 | 20960058 |
| unprecedented enhancement of transient gene expression from minimal cassettes using a double terminator. | the potential of using vector-free minimal gene cassettes (mgcs) with a double terminator for the enhancement and stabilization of transgene expression was tested in sugarcane biolistic transformation. the mgc system used consisted of the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eyfp) reporter gene driven by the maize ubiquitin-1 (ubi) promoter and a single or double terminator from nopaline synthase (tnos) or/and cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (35st). transient eyfp expression from tnos or 35st singl ... | 2010 | 20967448 |
| hahb10, a sunflower hd-zip ii transcription factor, participates in the induction of flowering and in the control of phytohormone-mediated responses to biotic stress. | the transcription factor hahb10 belongs to the sunflower (helianthus annuus) hd-zip ii subfamily and it has been previously associated with the induction of flowering. in this study it is shown that hahb10 is expressed in sunflower leaves throughout the vegetative stage and in stamens during the reproductive stage. in short-day inductive conditions the expression of this gene is induced in shoot apexes together with the expression of the flowering genes haft and haap1. transgenic arabidopsis pla ... | 2010 | 21030388 |
| the nod factor-independent symbiotic signaling pathway: development of agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation for the legume aeschynomene indica. | the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between aeschynomene indica and photosynthetic bradyrhizobia is the only legume-rhizobium association described to date that does not require lipochito-oligosaccharide nod factors (nf). to assist in deciphering the molecular basis of this nf-independent interaction, we have developed a protocol for agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of a. indica. the cotransformation frequency (79%), the nodulation efficiency of transgenic roots (90%), and the expressi ... | 2010 | 21039272 |
| identification and validation of reference genes for normalization of transcripts from virus-infected arabidopsis thaliana. | real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) of complementary dna is now a standard method for studies of gene expression. however, qpcr can identify genuine variation only when transcript quantities are accurately normalized to an appropriate reference. to identify the most reliable reference genes for transcript quantification by qpcr, we describe a systematic evaluation of candidate reference genes of arabidopsis thaliana ecotype columbia-0 (col-0). twelve genes were selected for t ... | 2011 | 21091160 |
| transient expression of βc1 protein differentially regulates host genes related to stress response, chloroplast and mitochondrial functions. | geminiviruses are emerging plant pathogens that infect a wide variety of crops including cotton, cassava, vegetables, ornamental plants and cereals. the geminivirus disease complex consists of monopartite begomoviruses that require betasatellites for the expression of disease symptoms. these complexes are widespread throughout the old world and cause economically important diseases on several crops. a single protein encoded by betasatellites, termed βc1, is a suppressor of gene silencing, induce ... | 2010 | 21192819 |
| excision and episomal replication of cauliflower mosaic virus integrated into a plant genome. | transgenic arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) plants containing a monomeric copy of the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) genome exhibited the generation of infectious, episomally replicating virus. the circular viral genome had been split within the nonessential gene ii for integration into the arabidopsis genome by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. transgenic plants were assessed for episomal infections at flowering, seed set, and/or senescence. the infections were confirmed by ... | 2011 | 21278309 |
| construction of a reference plasmid molecule containing eight targets for the detection of genetically modified crops. | a standard plasmid containing eight targets was developed for quantitative detection of genetically modified (gm) soybeans and cotton. these eight targets were joined in tandem to form the ptle8 plasmid with a length of 3,680 bp. this plasmid contains part of the endogenous soybean lec1 gene, the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter, the agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline synthase (nos) terminator, the pat gene of the soybean line a2704-12, the event-specific 5'-junction region of roundu ... | 2011 | 21336925 |
| a single subunit mcm6 from pea promotes salinity stress tolerance without affecting yield. | the eukaryotic pre-replicative complex (pre-rc), including heterohexameric minichromosome maintenance (mcm2-7) proteins, ensures that the dna in genome is replicated only once per cell division cycle. the mcms provide dna unwinding function during the dna replication. since mcm proteins play essential role in cell division and most likely are affected during stress conditions therefore their overexpression in plants may help in stress tolerance. but the role of mcms in abiotic stress tolerance i ... | 2011 | 21365356 |
| [transgenic belarussian-bred potato plants expressing genes for antimicrobial peptides of the cecropin-melittin type]. | binary vectors for agrobacterium-mediated transformation were constructed to express the genes for antimicrobial peptides (aps) of the cectropin-melittin type under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s rna promoter in plants. it was shown with escherichia coli and agrobacterium tumefaciens cells that the cassettes could be cloned in pb1121-based vectors with deletion of the 3-d-glycuronidase gene only in the orientation opposite to that of the original vector. transgenic potato plants ... | 2010 | 21434415 |
| macromolecular trafficking between a vesicular arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungus and roots of transgenic tobacco. | the root system of transgenic tobacco plants expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) under the control of the 35s cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) promoter, were colonized with the endomycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices. translocation of egfp protein from the root to the fungus was registered by light and confocal microscopy. immunolocalization also showed the presence of egfp in the mycelium of glomus intraradices. carboxyfluorescein feeding experiments on wild type mycorrhi ... | 2011 | 21448001 |
| isolation and characterization of the organ-specific and light-inducible promoter of the gene encoding rubisco activase in potato (solanum tuberosum). | constitutive promoters have been widely used in crop biotechnology applications. tissue-specific or inducible promoters, however, have advantages in some cases. we isolated the 731-bp 5' flanking sequence of a potato (solanum tuberosum) gene, encoding ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase (rca), which was isolated by genome walking. by using gus as a reporter and with northern blot analysis, the 702-bp fragment (referred to as strcap), ranging from nt -731 to -30 rel ... | 2011 | 21491372 |
| infectious clones of tomato leaf curl palampur virus with a defective dna b and their pseudo-recombination with tomato leaf curl new delhi virus. | abstract: background: tomato leaf curl palampur virus (tolcpmv) is a bipartite begomovirus which has been reported from india and iran but infectious clones have not been obtained. we have previously shown the association of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), a potyvirus, with severe leaf curl disease of muskmelon in pakistan. however, the severity of symptoms in the field and yield losses led us to believe that some other agent, such as a begomovirus, could be associated with the disease. res ... | 2011 | 21496256 |