| [population genetic structure of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) utilizing microsatellite markers]. | we aimed to characterize the population genetic structure within and among five bemisia tabaci (gennadius) populations collected from different host plants and geographic regions by using microssatelites as a molecular marker. each population was represented by 19 specimens. the host plants and geographic origins of these populations were described as follows: pop 1: squash barreiras (ba); pop 2: cotton barreiras (ba); pop 3: soybean campinas (sp); pop 4: tomato cruz das almas (ba); and pop 5: s ... | 2011 | 21584401 |
| emerging virus diseases transmitted by whiteflies. | virus diseases that have emerged in the past two decades limit the production of important vegetable crops in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions worldwide, and many of the causal viruses are transmitted by whiteflies (order hemiptera, family aleyrodidae). most of these whitefly-transmitted viruses are begomoviruses (family geminiviridae), although whiteflies are also vectors of criniviruses, ipomoviruses, torradoviruses, and some carlaviruses. factors driving the emergence and establis ... | 2011 | 21568700 |
| exploring the diversity of plant dna viruses and their satellites using vector-enabled metagenomics on whiteflies. | current knowledge of plant virus diversity is biased towards agents of visible and economically important diseases. less is known about viruses that have not caused major diseases in crops, or viruses from native vegetation, which are a reservoir of biodiversity that can contribute to viral emergence. discovery of these plant viruses is hindered by the traditional approach of sampling individual symptomatic plants. since many damaging plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors, we have deve ... | 2011 | 21544196 |
| host plant effects on alkaline phosphatase activity in the whiteflies, bemisia tabaci biotype b and trialeurodes vaporariorum. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) b-biotype and trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) often coexist on greenhouse-grown vegetable crops in northern china. the recent spread of b. tabaci b-biotype has largely replaced t. vaporariorum, and b-biotype now overlaps with t. vaporariorum where common hosts occur in most invaded areas. the impact of the b-biotype on the agro eco system appears to be widespread, and involves the ability to compete with and perhaps replace other phytophag ... | 2011 | 21521136 |
| field trial measuring the compatibility of methoxyfenozide and flonicamid with orius laevigatus fieber (hemiptera: anthocoridae) and amblyseius swirskii (athias-henriot) (acari: phytoseiidae) in a commercial pepper greenhouse. | frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) and bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) are among the most serious pests of sweet peppers in greenhouses. chemical control is difficult because of their high reproductive rates and insecticide resistance, and seasonal inoculative releases of orius laevigatus (fieber) and amblyseius swirskii (athias-henriot) are commonly used to reduce their populations. as chemical treatments are often needed in the crop against othe ... | 2011 | 21495158 |
| populations of predators and parasitoids of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) after the application of eight biorational insecticides in vegetable crops. | the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), is an important pest of vegetables and many other crops worldwide. eight biorational insecticides (based on oil, plant derivatives, insect growth regulator and fungus) were evaluated in the field for their influence on populations of six natural enemies of b. tabaci. natural populations of two predators [chrysoperla carnea stephen (neuroptera: chrysopidae) and orius spp. (hemiptera: anthocoridae)] and two genera of pa ... | 2011 | 21480463 |
| rna interference for the control of whiteflies (bemisia tabaci) by oral route. | rna interference (rnai)-mediated gene silencing was explored for the control of sap-sucking pest bemisia tabaci, commonly known as whitefly. dsrnas and sirnas were synthesized from five different genes - actin ortholog, adp/atp translocase, alpha-tubulin, ribosomal protein l9 (rpl9) and v-atpase a subunit. a simplified insect bioassay method was developed for the delivery of ds/sirna through the oral route, and efficacy was evaluated. ds/sirna caused 29-97% mortality after 6 days of feeding. eac ... | 2011 | 21451256 |
| resistance of soybean genotypes to bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b has become a serious problem for soybean cultivation because it can significantly reduce soybean productivity. the use of soybean cultivars resistant to whitefly attack is an important strategy in an integrated pest management (ipm) program. this study evaluated the preference for oviposition and colonization by b. tabaci biotype b on different soybean genotypes. in the free-choice test, the genotypes studied were 'iac 17' and 'iac 19' as ... | 2011 | 21437493 |
| asymmetry in thermal tolerance trade-offs between the b and q sibling species of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | we investigated life history trade-offs related to thermal tolerance in two sibling species, commonly referred to as the b and q biotypes, of bemisia tabaci. we focused on basal resistance to short unpredicted heat stress, which reflects the organism investment, during both optimal and stressful conditions, in insuring its survival. at 27 °c, the relative reproductive performance of b was seven-fold higher than q. after short stress of 42 °c, these differences increased to 23-fold. a turnover to ... | 2011 | 21338436 |
| investigation of the genetic diversity of an invasive whitefly (bemisia tabaci) in china using both mitochondrial and nuclear dna markers. | it is often considered that reduced genetic variation due to bottlenecks and founder effects limits the capacity for species to establish in new environments and subsequently spread. the recent invasion (during the past five years) of an alien whitefly, one member of bemisia tabaci cryptic species complex, referred to as mediterranean (herein referred to as q-type) in shandong province, china, provides an ideal opportunity to study the changes in genetic variation between its home range in the m ... | 2011 | 21320364 |
| using double-stranded rna to explore the role of heat shock protein genes in heat tolerance in bemisia tabaci (gennadius). | the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b, is one of the most destructive invasive pests of field and glasshouse crops, and has a high tolerance to heat. our previous work found that whitefly females are more heat tolerant than males. in the present study, real-time pcr and double-stranded rna (dsrna) methods were used to explore the role of heat shock protein (hsp) genes in whitefly of both sexes; this provided further evidence of the mechanism underlying the d ... | 2011 | 21307062 |
| an extensive field survey combined with a phylogenetic analysis reveals rapid and widespread invasion of two alien whiteflies in china. | to understand the processes of invasions by alien insects is a pre-requisite for improving management. the whitefly bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex that contains some of the most invasive pests worldwide. however, extensive field data to show the geographic distribution of the members of this species complex as well as the invasion by some of its members are scarce. | 2011 | 21283707 |
| influence of trichomes on attractiveness and ovipositional preference of bemisia tabaci (genn.) b biotype (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on tomato genotypes. | brazil is one of the world's largest tomato producer, but considerable part of the production is lost due to the attack of bemisia tabaci (genn.) b biotype. resistant germoplasm plants can be an important method for b. tabaci control in integrated pest management approaches. the attractiveness and ovipositional preference of b. tabaci for 17 tomato genotypes were evaluated in a free-choice test. trials were set up in a randomized block design with ten replicates. each replicate (one tomato plant ... | 2011 | 21271071 |
| insecticidal activity of some reducing sugars against the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, biotype b. | the effects of 16 sugars (arabinose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, gentiobiose, glucose, inositol, lactose, maltose, mannitol (a sugar alcohol), mannose, melibiose, ribose, sorbitol, trehalose, and xylose) on sweet potato whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) survival were determined using in vitro bioassays. of these sugars, arabinose, mannose, ribose, and xylose were strongly inhibitory to both nymphal and adult survival. when 10% mannose was added to the nymphal diet ... | 2010 | 21268696 |
| induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the polyphagous b-biotype bemisia tabaci (gennadius) has developed a high resistance to commonly used insecticides in china. to illustrate the induced changes by host plant, bioassay and biochemical research on five different host populations were investigated. | 2011 | 21162148 |
| identification and characterization of functional aquaporin water channel protein from alimentary tract of whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | some hemipteran xylem and phloem-feeding insects have evolved specialized alimentary structures or filter chambers that rapidly transport water for excretion or osmoregulation. in the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, mass movement of water through opposing alimentary tract tissues within the filter chamber is likely facilitated by an aquaporin protein. b. tabaci aquaporin-1 (btaqp1) possesses characteristic aquaporin topology and conserved pore-forming residues found in water-specific aquaporins. as pr ... | 2011 | 21146609 |
| resistance of tomato genotypes to the greenhouse whitefly trialeurodes vaporariorum (west.) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the greenhouse whitefly, trialeurodes vaporariorum westwood, is the most common and abundant whitefly in argentine horticultural greenhouse crops, especially in tomato (solanum lycopersicum). resistance in some wild tomato relatives, such as s. peruvianum, s. habrochaites and s. pennellii to the greenhouse whitefly has been described. the mi gene confers effective resistance against several species of insects, among them the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius. resistance to t. vapor ... | 2010 | 21120390 |
| effectiveness of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on cotton. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b is one of the most important pests on cotton around the world. laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against b. tabaci on cotton. | 2011 | 21077123 |
| tomato-produced 7-epizingiberene and r-curcumene act as repellents to whiteflies. | how whiteflies (bemisia tabaci) make the choice for a host plant prior to landing, is not precisely known. here we investigated whether they respond to specific volatiles of tomato. zingiberene and curcumene were purified from solanum habrochaites (pi127826), characterised by nmr and x-ray analysis and identified as 7-epizingiberene and r-curcumene. in contrast, oil from zingiber officinalis contained the stereoisomers zingiberene and s-curcumene, respectively. using a combination of free-choice ... | 2011 | 21074818 |
| reproductive incompatibility between the b and q biotypes of the whitefly bemisia tabaci in china: genetic and behavioural evidence. | the b and q 'biotypes' of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) have been invading many parts of the world and causing severe damage to a range of crops. recent phylogenetic analyses indicate that b and q are cryptic species within the b. tabaci species complex. although various attempts have been made to examine the reproductive compatibility between b and q, few studies have tested the fertility of the f1 females and so the extent of possible gene flow remains unclear. in this st ... | 2011 | 21034521 |
| tomato pathogenesis-related protein genes are expressed in response to trialeurodes vaporariorum and bemisia tabaci biotype b feeding. | the temporal and spatial expression of tomato wound- and defense-response genes to bemisia tabaci biotype b (the silverleaf whitefly) and trialeurodes vaporariorum (the greenhouse whitefly) feeding were characterized. both species of whiteflies evoked similar changes in tomato gene expression. the levels of rnas for the methyl jasmonic acid (meja)- or ethylene-regulated genes that encode the basic β-1,3-glucanase (glub), basic chitinase (chi9), and pathogenesis-related protein-1 (pr-1) were moni ... | 2010 | 20927641 |
| diet selection exhibited by juvenile and adult lifestages of the omnivores western tarnished plant bug, lygus hesperus and tarnished plant bug, lygus lineolaris. | lygus hesperus knight and lygus lineolaris (palisot de beauvois) (heteroptera: miridae) are economically important plant bugs on many crops worldwide. however, these omnivores are also facultative predators on a wide variety of insects. this study was conducted to quantify and compare herbivory and carnivory exhibited among different lifestages of these two insect pests. the feeding activity of a total of 422 individuals was observed for 1 h each in feeding arenas containing a cotton leaf disk a ... | 2010 | 20879921 |
| the endosymbiont community as taxonomic character: a novel approach to resolving the bemisia tabaci complex. | in this issue of molecular ecology, gueguen et al. (2010) describe their novel approach to resolving cryptic genetic diversity in the bemisia tabaci complex (hemiptera: aleyrodidae.) complexes of cryptic species present a challenge to both morphological and molecular taxonomy – the former presumed, as shared morphology normally defines species as cryptic, but the latter also problematic when host dna sequence data is either inconclusive or unaccompanied by independent evidence. endosymbiont asso ... | 2010 | 25241406 |
| biological parameters of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on jatropha gossypiifolia, commercial (manihot esculenta) and wild cassava (manihot flabellifolia and m. carthaginensis) (euphorbiaceae). | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) is one of the most important pests of cassava in africa and several countries of asia due to the damage caused by direct feeding, the excretion of honeydew, and its capacity as a vector of cassava mosaic geminivirus. there is a general consensus that b. tabaci is a complex of morphologically indistinguishable populations with different biotypes. in the americas, the polyphagous biotype b does not appear to feed on cassava. recent studies indicate that it is possible, h ... | 2010 | 20877992 |
| a mutation in the lettuce infectious yellows virus minor coat protein disrupts whitefly transmission but not in planta systemic movement. | the lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv) rna 2 mutant p1-5b was previously isolated from bemisia tabaci-transmitted virus maintained in chenopodium murale plants. p1-5b rna 2 contains a single-nucleotide deletion in the minor coat protein (cpm) open reading frame (orf) that is predicted to result in a frameshift and premature termination of the protein. using the recently developed agroinoculation system for liyv, we tested rna 2 containing the p1-5b cpm mutant genotype (agro-pr6-5b) in nicot ... | 2010 | 20861267 |
| biotype and insecticide resistance status of the whitefly bemisia tabaci from china. | resistance to numerous insecticide classes in bemisia tabaci gennadius has impaired field control efficacy in south-eastern china. the biotype and resistance status of b. tabaci collected from these areas was investigated. | 2010 | 20824685 |
| selection of lecanicillium strain with high virulence against developmental stages of bemisia tabaci. | selection of fungal strains with high virulence against the developmental stages of bemisia tabaci was performed using internal transcribed spacer regions. the growth rate of hyphae was measured and bioassay of each developmental stage of b. tabaci was conducted for seven days. all of the fungal strains tested were identified as lecanicillium spp., with strain 4078 showing the fastest mycelium growth rate (colony diameter, 16.3 ± 0.9 mm) among the strains. compared to strain 4075, which showed t ... | 2010 | 23956657 |
| endosymbiont metacommunities, mtdna diversity and the evolution of the bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) species complex. | bemisia tabaci, an invasive pest that causes crop damage worldwide, is a highly differentiated species complex, divided into biotypes that have mainly been defined based on mitochondrial dna sequences. although endosymbionts can potentially induce population differentiation, specialization and indirect selection on mtdna, studies have largely ignored these influential passengers in b. tabaci, despite as many as seven bacterial endosymbionts have been identified. here, we investigate the composit ... | 2010 | 20723069 |
| bemisia tabaci: a statement of species status. | bemisia tabaci has long been considered a complex species. it rose to global prominence in the 1980s owing to the global invasion by the commonly named b biotype. since then, the concomitant eruption of a group of plant viruses known as begomoviruses has created considerable management problems in many countries. however, an enduring set of questions remains: is b. tabaci a complex species or a species complex, what are bemisia biotypes, and how did all the genetic variability arise? this review ... | 2011 | 20690829 |
| [fitness of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) b biotype (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) populations with different levels of susceptibility to the thiametoxam insecticide]. | in two field-collected populations of de bemisia tabaci (gennadius) b biotype previously selected with the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam (neo-r, neo-n), and a population susceptible to insecticides (susc), the level of response to the insecticide thiametoxam, as well as the life and fertility tables were determined. at lc95, the neo-r population showed a resistance ratio (rr95) value of 8.8-fold, an intrinsic rate of increase (r m) of 0.72. the fitness of the neo-r and neo-n populations ... | 2012 | 20676518 |
| cross-resistance relationships between neonicotinoids and pymetrozine in bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | although cross-resistance between compounds in the same insecticide group is a frequently observed phenomenon, cross-resistance between groups that differ in structural and functional characteristics can be extremely unpredictable. in the case of controlling the whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius, neonicotinoids and the pyridine azomethine antifeedant pymetrozine represent independent lines of discovery that should be suited for alternation to avoid prolonged selection for the same resistance me ... | 2010 | 20632380 |
| bean dwarf mosaic virus: a model system for the study of viral movement. | bean dwarf mosaic virus-[colombia:1987] (bdmv-[co:87]) is a single-stranded plant dna virus, a member of the genus begomovirus of the family geminiviridae. | 2010 | 20618704 |
| effect of three bean species on the development and reproduction of a population of the parasitoid, encarsia bimaculata, on the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | developmental time, parasitism, emergence, longevity, fecundity and demographic parameters of population of encarsia bimaculata heraty and polaszek (hymenoptera: aphelinidae), a parasitoid attacking bemisia tabaci (biotype b) (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) infesting soybean, glyine max l. (merr), cowpea, vigna unguiulata l. and garden bean, phaseolus vulgaris l. (fabeles: fabaceae) were quantified and compared. encarsia bimaculata was able to complete its life cycle independent of the b. t ... | 2010 | 20578950 |
| de novo characterization of a whitefly transcriptome and analysis of its gene expression during development. | whitefly (bemisia tabaci) causes extensive crop damage throughout the world by feeding directly on plants and by vectoring hundreds of species of begomoviruses. yet little is understood about its genes involved in development, insecticide resistance, host range plasticity and virus transmission. | 2010 | 20573269 |
| name rectification and comparisons between nephaspis cocois gordon and stethorus minutalus gordon & chapin (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | this note has the purpose to rectify the identification of stethorus minutalus gordon & chapin as a predator of bemisia tabaci gennadius (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), for its correct name, nephaspis cocois gordon in a recent published paper. similarities and differences between these two species are presented to avoid future misidentifications. | 2010 | 20498975 |
| [transmission of tomato venezuela virus by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), in maracaibo, venezuela]. | the biological transmission of tomato venezuela virus (tovev) by biotype b of the whitefly species bemisia tabaci (gennadius) increased (21.7-95.0%), and the time for symptom expression decreased (16-12.6 days) as the number of viruliferous whiteflies allowed access for inoculation to susceptible tomato plants increased from 1 to 20 adults/plant. when acquired only as a nymph, adults of this biotype transmitted the virus to 88.3% of susceptible tomato plants, using 15 viruliferous individuals pe ... | 2010 | 20498966 |
| [molecular characterization and genetic divergence of bemisia tabaci (genn.) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on different crops and growing areas]. | knowledge on the genetic variation of populations of bemisia tabaci (genn.) can improve the understanding of genetic diversity found in their biotypes and, consequently, offer guidelines for its management. in this study, the molecular characterization was performed and genetic diversity data were obtained for this insect from three regions of brazil on different crops [cotton and soybean (mato grosso - mt); cabbage (distrito federal - df); soybean and potato (são paulo - sp)], using rapd marker ... | 2010 | 20498959 |
| pyriproxyfen resistance of bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b: metabolic mechanism. | juvenile hormone (jh) analog insecticides are relatively nontoxic to vertebrates and provide efficient control of key arthropod pests. one jh analog, pyriproxyfen, has provided over a decade of exceptional management of whiteflies in cotton of the southwestern united states. thwarting resistance to pyriproxyfen in bemisia tabaci (gannadius) (a.k.a. bemisia argentifolii bellows and perring) has been the focus of an integrated resistance management program because this insecticide was first regist ... | 2010 | 20214381 |
| reproductive incompatibility among genetic groups of bemisia tabaci supports the proposition that the whitefly is a cryptic species complex. | the worldwide distribution and extensive genetic diversity of the whitefly bemisia tabaci has long been recognized. however, whether b. tabaci is a complex species or a species complex has been a subject of debate. recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that b. tabaci is a cryptic species complex composed of at least 24 morphologically indistinguishable species. here, we conducted crossing experiments and demonstrated reproductive incompatibility among three of the 24 putative species. our data an ... | 2010 | 20178675 |
| mating behaviour, life history and adaptation to insecticides determine species exclusion between whiteflies. | 1. negative interspecific interactions, such as resource competition or reproductive interference, can lead to the displacement of species (species exclusion). 2. here, we investigated the effect of life history, mating behaviour and adaptation to insecticides on species exclusion between cryptic whitefly species that make up the bemisia tabaci species complex. we conducted population cage experiments independently in china, australia, the united states and israel to observe patterns of species ... | 2010 | 20163491 |
| evidence for pre-zygotic reproductive barrier between the b and q biotypes of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the degree of reproductive isolation between the b and q biotypes of the whitefly bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is currently not clear. laboratory experiments have shown that the two biotypes are capable of producing viable f1 hybrids but that these females are sterile as their f2 generation failed to develop, indicating, most likely, a post-zygotic reproductive barrier. here, we confirm, by molecular and ecological tools, that the b and q biotypes of israel are genetically isolated an ... | 2010 | 20158928 |
| [phagodeterrent activity of the plants tithonia diversifolia and montanoa hibiscifolia (asteraceae) on adults of the pest insect bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae)]. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) is a polyphagous, cosmopolitan and worldwide relevant pest, mainly acting as a virus vector on many crops. a sound preventive approach to deal with it would be the application of repellent or deterrent substances hopefully present in tropical plants, which in turn may contribute to take advantage of the remarkable rich mesoamerican biodiversity. therefore, extracts of two wild plants belonging to family asteraceae, titonia (tithonia diversifolia) and "tora" (montanoa h ... | 2009 | 20073345 |
| effects of morphological characteristics of cucumis sativus seedlings grown at different vapor pressure deficits on initial colonization of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | we investigated the effects of morphological characteristics of cucumber, cucumis sativus l., seedlings grown at different vapor pressure deficits (vpds) on initial colonization of whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b. the seedlings were grown at a vpd of 3.8 or 0.4 kpa for 9 d at 30 degrees c under a photoperiod of 12:12 (l:d) h. pairs of seedlings, one grown at high vpd and the other at low vpd, were then installed in cages with a vpd of 1.3 kpa, and adults of ... | 2009 | 20069856 |
| compatibility of a melia azedarach extract with eriopis connexa (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | the integrated pest management (ipm) premises claim for a joint use of beneficial organisms (parasitoids and predators) and selective pesticides. botanical pesticides are being considered as selective pesticides. during the last 20 years of the 20th century, the plant family meliaceae was identified as a promising source of compounds with insect-control properties. the chinaberry tree, melia azedarach l., is a deciduous tree native to persia, india, and china, but has been cultivated in many cou ... | 2010 | 21539256 |
| [effects of host plants on selection behavior and biological parameters of bemisia tabaci gennadius biotype b]. | based on the observation of free diffusion in petri dish and biology, the selection behavior and biological parameters of bemisia tabaci gennadius biotype b on host plants cucumber, eggplant, pepper, cotton, and sweet potato were investigated. no difference was observed in the individual number of b. tabaci on the five host plant leaves during the early period of free diffusion (within 2 h), but changes were found within the following periods (4-48 h), i.e., the b. tabaci individuals increased o ... | 2009 | 20030150 |
| cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in b-biotype bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | b-biotype bemisia tabaci (gennadius) has invaded china over the past two decades. to understand the risks and to determine possible mechanisms of resistance to thiamethoxam in b. tabaci, a resistant strain was selected in the laboratory. cross-resistance and the biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance were investigated in the present study. | 2010 | 19937914 |
| fifty years of the integrated control concept: moving the model and implementation forward in arizona. | fifty years ago, stern, smith, van den bosch and hagen outlined a simple but sophisticated idea of pest control predicated on the complementary action of chemical and biological control. this integrated control concept has since been a driving force and conceptual foundation for all integrated pest management (ipm) programs. the four basic elements include thresholds for determining the need for control, sampling to determine critical densities, understanding and conserving the biological contro ... | 2009 | 19834884 |
| bemisia tabaci-infested tomato plants show a phase-specific pattern of photosynthetic gene expression indicative of disrupted electron flow leading to photo-oxidation and plant death. | a suppression-subtractive-hybridization (ssh) strategy led to the identification of several genes whose expression was differentially modified in response to different larval phases present during the infestation process of tomato plants (solanum lycopersicum) by virus-free whitefly bemisia tabaci (bt). the findings regarding photosynthetic gene expression were in accordance to previous studies reporting altered patterns of expression as a result of insect herbivory. however, the examination, in ... | 2009 | 19826216 |
| monitoring neonicotinoid resistance in biotype b of bemisia tabaci in florida. | biotype b of the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (genn.), is a worldwide pest that has developed resistance to many insecticides, including the neonicotinoid class. florida field populations were monitored for susceptibility to the neonicotinoids imidacloprid and thiamethoxam using a cut leaf petiole bioassay method. | 2010 | 19790225 |
| [resistance of squash genotypes to bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae)]. | field assays were performed to evaluate the attractiveness and the non-preference of whitefly bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b for oviposition on squash genotypes (cucurbita pepo) and to observe the susceptibility of genotypes (novita, sandy, caserta cac melhorada, novita plus, samira, bianca, af-2858 and caserta ts) to silverleaf symptoms. the sandy genotype was the least attractive to whitefly, while novita plus, af-2858 and samira were the most attractive. the caserta cac melhorada genotype w ... | 2009 | 19768274 |
| the role of specific tomato volatiles in tomato-whitefly interaction. | bemisia tabaci (whitefly) infestations and the subsequent transfer of viruses are the cause of severe losses in crop production and horticultural practice. to improve biological control of b. tabaci, we investigated repellent properties of plant-produced semiochemicals. the mix of headspace volatiles, collected from naturally repellent wild tomato accessions, influenced b. tabaci initial choice behavior, indicating a role for plant semiochemicals in locating host plants. a collection of wild tom ... | 2009 | 19692533 |
| thermotolerance and gene expression following heat stress in the whitefly bemisia tabaci b and q biotypes. | the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) causes tremendous losses to agriculture by direct feeding on plants and by vectoring several families of plant viruses. the b. tabaci species complex comprises over 10 genetic groups (biotypes) that are well defined by dna markers and biological characteristics. b and q are amongst the most dominant and damaging biotypes, differing considerably in fecundity, host range, insecticide resistance, virus vectoriality, and the symbiotic bacteria they harbor. we ... | 2009 | 19683053 |
| [effects of alcohol extracts from three kinds of biomass energy plant tissues on biological activity of bemisia tabaci]. | to test the feasibility of using raw extracts from the tissues of biomass energy plants ricinus communi and kosteletzkya virginica as plant protection agents, the alcohol extracts from r. communi seed and leaf and from k. virginica leaf were used to treat adult bemisia tabaci by spraying. the glutathione s-transferase and carboxylesterase activities in b. tabaci body were measured after treated for 4 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h, and the olfaction responses of b. tabaci to the alcohol extracts ... | 2009 | 19637599 |
| agroinoculation of the crinivirus, lettuce infectious yellows virus, for systemic plant infection. | lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv) is phloem-limited, non-mechanically transmissible, and is transmitted to plants only by bemisia tabaci. here, we developed agroinoculation to deliver liyv to plants thereby obviating the need for b. tabaci. agroinfiltration of rna 1 containing a green fluorescent protein gene into nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in subliminal infections, as judged by green fluorescence. agroinfiltration of liyv wild-type rna 1 and 2 constructs resulted in systemic in ... | 2009 | 19632699 |
| differential gene expression in whitefly bemisia tabaci-infested tomato (solanum lycopersicum) plants at progressing developmental stages of the insect's life cycle. | a suppression-subtractive-hybridization (ssh) strategy was used to identify genes whose expression was modified in response to virus-free whitefly bemisia tabaci (bt, biotype a) infestation in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) plants. thus, forward and reverse ssh gene libraries were generated at four points in the whitefly's life cycle, namely at (1) 2 days (adult feeding and oviposition: phase i); (2) 7 days (mobile crawler stage: phase ii); (3) 12 days (second to third instar nymphal transition: ... | 2009 | 19627556 |
| oviposition, development and survivorship of the sweetpotato whitefly bemisia tabaci on soybean, glycine max, and the garden bean, phaseolus vulgaris. | abstract oviposition, development and survivorship of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) were evaluated on soybean and garden bean under laboratory conditions of 26.0 +/- 0.5 degrees c, 70 - 80% rh and a photoperiod of 14:10 (l:d). b. tabaci deposited more eggs and survivorship of nymphs was significantly greater in a choice-test on soybean, glycine max l. (merr.) (fabeles: fabaceae), compared to the garden bean, phaseolus vulgaris l. overall developmental time from egg to adult ... | 2009 | 19611218 |
| cross-resistance, inheritance and biochemical mechanisms of imidacloprid resistance in b-biotype bemisia tabaci. | the b-type bemisia tabaci (gennadius) has become established in many regions in china, and neonicotinoids are extensively used to control this pest. imidacloprid resistance in a laboratory-selected strain of b-type b. tabaci was characterised in order to provide the basis for recommending resistance management tactics. | 2009 | 19562662 |
| improved dna barcoding method for bemisia tabaci and related aleyrodidae: development of universal and bemisia tabaci biotype-specific mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i polymerase chain reaction primers. | whiteflies, heteropterans in the family aleyrodidae, are globally distributed and severe agricultural pests. the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i (mtcoi) sequence has been used extensively in whitefly phylogenetic comparisons and in biotype identification of the agriculturally important bemisia tabaci (gennadius) whitefly. because of the economic importance of several whitefly genera, and the invasive nature of the b and the q biotypes of bemisia tabaci, mtcoi sequence data are continually g ... | 2009 | 19449657 |
| distribution of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotypes in florida-investigating the q invasion. | after the 2004 discovery of the bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) q biotype in the united states, there was an urgent need to determine its distribution. as part of a coordinated country-wide effort, an extensive survey of b. tabaci biotypes was conducted in florida, with the cooperation of growers and state and federal agencies, to monitor the introduction and distribution of both the b and q biotypes. the biotype status of submitted b. tabaci samples was determined by polymer ... | 2009 | 19449648 |
| antifeedant activity of botanical crude extracts and their fractions on bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) adults: iii. quassia amara (simaroubaceae). | bemisia tabaci is a key virus vector on several crops worldwide. then, a preventive approach to deal with viral epidemics may be the deployment of repellents or phagodeterrents at earlier stages of plant development (critical period). thus, the crude extract and four fractions thereof (water, water: methanol, methanol, and diethyl ether) of bitterwood (quassia amara, simaroubaceae) were tested for phagodeterrence to b. tabaci adults under greenhouse conditions, on tomato plants, in costa rica. b ... | 2008 | 19419106 |
| antifeedant activity of botanical crude extracts and their fractions on bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) adults: ii. sechium pittieri (cucurbitaceae). | bemisia tabaci is a key pest of vegetables and other crops worldwide, but it is a particularly serious problem in the tropics, due to its ability to transmit several types of viruses, especially begomoviruses (geminiviridae). therefore, a preventive approach to deal with viral epidemics may be the deployment of repellents or phagodeterrents at earlier stages of plant development (critical period). thus, the crude extract and four fractions thereof (water, water: methanol, methanol, and diethyl e ... | 2008 | 19419105 |
| antifeedant activity of botanical crude extracts and their fractions on bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) adults: i. gliricidia sepium (fabaceae). | bemisia tabaci is an important virus vector on a number of crops worldwide. therefore, a preventive approach to deal with viral epidemics may be the deployment of repellents or phagodeterrents at earlier stages of plant development (critical period). thus, the crude extract and four fractions thereof (water, water:methanol, methanol, and diethyl ether) of mother-of-cocoa (gliricidia sepium, fabaceae) were tested for phagodeterrence to b. tabaci adults under greenhouse conditions, on tomato plant ... | 2008 | 19419104 |
| risk of damage to tomato crops by the generalist zoophytophagous predator nesidiocoris tenuis (reuter) (hemiptera: miridae). | nesidiocoris tenuis (reuter) (hem. miridae) is a native zoophytophagous predator of the mediterranean region, and its populations colonize tomato crops when they are not heavily treated with insecticides. this generalist predator has a high capacity for controlling insect pests, and it is currently commercially produced and released in some areas to control bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hem. aleyrodidae). however, its status as a pest and/or as beneficial is controversial. therefore, the aim of th ... | 2010 | 19366476 |
| [oviposition behavior of the silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci biotype b on tomato]. | the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the leaf surface, the insect geotropic behavior and the type of foliar trichome on bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b oviposition on tomato leaves. bemisia tabaci females were confined in acrylic boxes in which tomato leaflets were fixed at the bottom and top part of the boxes to allow insects to access the leaf surface to be tested (adaxial and/or abaxial) in both no-choice and free choice tests. oviposition was always higher when the le ... | 2009 | 19347106 |
| aerial electrostatic-charged sprays for deposition and efficacy against sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci) on cotton. | the efficacy of aerial electrostatic-charged sprays was evaluated for spray deposit characteristics and season-long control of sweet potato whitefly (swf), bemisia tabaci genn. biotype b (aka b. argentifolii bellows & perring), in an irrigated 24 ha cotton field. treatments included electrostatic-charged sprays at full and half active ingredient (ai) label rate, uncharged sprays and conventional sprays applied with cp nozzles at full label rate with several different insecticides. | 2009 | 19291696 |
| a real-time pcr assay to differentiate the b and q biotypes of the bemisia tabaci complex in cyprus. | a real-time pcr assay based on taqman technology was developed and evaluated for the rapid detection of the b and q biotypes of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). a survey was conducted during 2005-2007 in order to identify the distribution and prevalence of b. tabaci biotypes in cyprus using the real-time pcr assay. more than 700 adult whiteflies collected from 35 cultivated and weed plant species were individually haplotyped using taqman pcr, and the results of the assay were ... | 2009 | 19203404 |
| effects of operational and environmental factors on evolution of resistance to pyriproxyfen in the sweetpotato whitefly (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | pyriproxyfen has been an important insecticide used as part of an integrated pest management (ipm) program for the sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (b biotype), in arizona cotton. we used a simulation model to examine the effects of pyriproxyfen concentration, insecticide action thresholds, crop diversity, planting date, and pyriproxyfen decay on evolution of resistance to pyriproxyfen in b. tabaci. in the model, pyriproxyfen use was restricted to cotton with a limit of one appli ... | 2008 | 19161695 |
| analyzing haplodiploid inheritance of insecticide resistance in whitefly biotypes. | we developed new methods for analyzing inheritance of insecticide resistance in haplodiploid arthropods and applied them to elucidate resistance of the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) to an insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen. two invasive biotypes of this devastating crop pest, the b biotype in arizona and the q biotype in israel, have evolved resistance to pyriproxyfen. here, we incorporated data from laboratory bioassays and crossing procedures exploiting haplodiploidy into statistical ... | 2009 | 19159498 |
| lack of fitness costs associated with pyriproxyfen resistance in the b biotype of bemisia tabaci. | the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen has provided effective control of the whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius in many countries. here, whether or not fitness costs were associated with pyriproxyfen resistance in a laboratory-selected resistant strain (qc02-r) of the b biotype was determined. | 2009 | 19097024 |
| inter-seasonal population dynamics and pest status of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b in an australian cropping system. | bemisia tabaci, biotype b, commonly known as the silverleaf whitefly (slw) is an alien species that invaded australia in the mid-90s. this paper reports on the invasion ecology of slw and the factors that are likely to have contributed to the first outbreak of this major pest in an australian cotton cropping system. population dynamics of slw within whitefly-susceptible crop (cotton and cucurbit) and non-crop vegetation (sowthistle, sonchus spp.) components of the cropping system were investigat ... | 2009 | 19063758 |
| differential gene expression in whitefly (bemisia tabaci) b-biotype females and males under heat-shock condition. | bemisia tabaci (insecta, hemiptera, aleyrodidae) females are more heat resistant than males, which has important ecological significance in adaptation and expansion of b. tabaci populations. differentially expressed genes between 25 degrees c and 44 degrees c were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) in b. tabaci sexes. 50 and 83 differentially expressed expression sequence tags (ests) were obtained from female and male libraries, respectively. the ests have four functional ... | 2008 | 20494845 |
| host plant influence on susceptibility of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) to insecticides. | a resistance monitoring program conducted for the polyphagous whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), in imperial valley, ca, usa generated a large set of lc50s for adults collected from broccoli, cantaloupe and cotton crops over a four-year period. a vial bioassay and, subsequently, a yellow-sticky card bioassay produced similar temporal profiles of relative susceptibilities to the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin. both bioassays revealed that whiteflies collected from broccoli were significantl ... | 2009 | 18947452 |
| preinfestations of tomato plants by whiteflies (bemisia tabaci) or aphids (macrosiphum euphorbiae) induce variable resistance or susceptibility responses. | in addition to constitutive plant resistance against pests or pathogens, plants can activate protective mechanisms upon contact with an invader or a chemical elicitor. studies on induced plant resistance to herbivores, especially piercing-sucking insects, are less abundant than those devoted to pathogens. several experiments under controlled conditions have been conducted to demonstrate that infestations by macrosiphum euphorbiae induce plant resistance to bemisia tabaci in susceptible tomato pl ... | 2009 | 18947449 |
| genetic structure of field populations of begomoviruses and of their vector bemisia tabaci in pakistan. | abstract the genetic structure of field populations of begomoviruses and their whitefly vector bemisia tabaci in pakistan was analyzed. begomoviruses and b. tabaci populations were sampled from different crops and weeds in different locations in punjab and sindh provinces, in areas where cotton leaf curl disease (clcud) occurs or does not occur. phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of the intergenic region in the viral dna-a provided evidence of two clusters of isolates: viruses i ... | 2003 | 18944071 |
| bioassay evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungi, beauveria bassaina vuellemin against eggs and nymphs of bemisia tabaci gennadius (homoptera: aleyrodidae). | this study was carried out to determine the lethal effect of the entomopathogenic fungi, beauveria bassaina vuell. on eggs, young and old nymphs of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci genn. mortality percentage was significantly differed based on stage of b. tabaci and conidial concentrations of b. bassina. average of the infection level to insect was very low particularly in eggs with only 4.49%, even with higher conidial concentrations (6 x 10(6) conidia ml(-1)). whereas, it was higher with 1st and 2 ... | 2008 | 18819641 |
| functional and numerical responses of eretmocerus mundus mercet (hymenoptera: aphelinidae) parasitizing cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius (homoptera: aleyrodidae). | laboratory experiments were conducted to measure the functional and numerical responses of eretmocerus mundus mercet parasitizing cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius. parasitoids were isolated singly for 24 h in 5 cm petri dishes with either 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 or 100 second nymphal stages of b. tabaci. results showed a typical type ii functional response, with up to 43.2 hosts attacked when 100 hosts were provided. the rate of attack and handling time were 0.0465 and 0.3341 days, respective ... | 2008 | 18810971 |
| toxicity of spiromesifen to the developmental stages of bemisia tabaci biotype b. | spiromesifen is a novel insecticidal/acaricidal compound derived from spirocyclic tetronic acids that acts effectively against whiteflies and mites via inhibition of acetyl-coa-carboxylase, a lipid metabolism enzyme. the effects of spiromesifen on the developmental stages of the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) were studied under laboratory conditions to generate baseline action thresholds for field evaluations of the compound. | 2009 | 18785225 |
| twelve new polymorphic microsatellite loci and pcr multiplexing in the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | twelve new dinucleotide microsatellite loci of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, were obtained from enriched genomic libraries. three polymerase chain reaction multiplex sets comprising three, five and four loci were optimized and characterized across 133 b. tabaci females from israeli rearings and natural populations collected in four mediterranean countries (tunisia, france, spain and morocco). there were three to 24 alleles per locus and the observed heterozygosity was from 0.084 to 0.420. deviat ... | 2008 | 21585955 |
| organophosphates' resistance in the b-biotype of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is associated with a point mutation in an ace1-type acetylcholinesterase and overexpression of carboxylesterase. | organophosphate (op) insecticides are inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ache), which terminates nerve impulses by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. previous biochemical studies in bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) proposed the existence of two molecular mechanisms for ops' resistance: carboxylesterase- (coe) mediated hydrolysis or sequestration and decreased sensitivity of ache. here, two acetylcholinesterase genes, ace1 and ace2, have been fully ... | 2008 | 18721883 |
| inheritance of resistance to pyriproxyfen in bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) males and females (b biotype). | we evaluated effects of the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen on bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (b biotype) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) males and females in laboratory bioassays. insects were treated with pyriproxyfen as either eggs or nymphs. in all tests, the lc50 for a laboratory-selected resistant strain was at least 620 times greater than for an unselected susceptible strain. when insects were treated as eggs, survival did not differ between males and females of either strain. when insects were ... | 2008 | 18613596 |
| over-expression of cytochrome p450 cyp6cm1 is associated with high resistance to imidacloprid in the b and q biotypes of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | the two most damaging biotypes of bemisia tabaci, b and q, have both evolved strong resistance to the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid. the major mechanism in all samples investigated so far appeared to be enhanced detoxification by cytochrome p450s monooxygenases (p450s). in this study, a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology using degenerate primers based on conserved p450 helix i and heme-binding regions was employed to identify p450 cdna sequences in b. tabaci that might be involv ... | 2008 | 18510975 |
| [factors affecting oviposition of bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b in sweet pepper]. | bemisia tabaci (gen.) biotype b is considered a pest of economical importance for several vegetables. the oviposition behaviour of the whilefly was evaluated in sweet pepper plants. the trials were carried out under greenhouse condition and in the laboratory of entomology of defers/unesp, campus of ilha solteira-sp, with the sweet pepper magali-r genotype. the effect of plant age on the whitefly oviposition was evaluated in free-choice tests, in plants, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45-day-old, as egg dist ... | 2008 | 18506298 |
| yellow sticky trap catches of parasitoids of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) in vegetable crops and their relationship to in-field populations. | we examined the relationship of yellow sticky trap captures of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b parasitoids to the local population of parasitoids as measured by leaf samples of parasitized whiteflies and mass release of parasitoids. traps were placed in experimental collard and cowpea field plots in charleston, sc, and in commercial organic fields of spring cantaloupe and watermelon in the imperial valley, ca. the exotic parasitoid eretmocerus emiratus zolnerowich and rose was released in i ... | 2008 | 18419911 |
| baseline susceptibility of bemisia tabaci b biotype (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) populations from california and arizona to spiromesifen. | susceptibility to spiromesifen, a tetronic acid derivative, was determined for three imidacloprid-resistant strains and 12 geographically discrete natural populations of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (=bemisia argentifolii bellows & perring) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) from california and arizona by laboratory bioassays. newly emerged first instars were sprayed with aqueous serial dilutions of spiromesifen and evaluated for toxicity to establish baseline susceptibility data. interpopulation variabilit ... | 2008 | 18330133 |
| life table analysis for immatures and female adults of the predatory beetle, delphastus catalinae, feeding on whiteflies under three constant temperatures. | immature development and reproductive life history of delphastus catalinae (horn) (coleoptera: coccinellidae) feeding on bemisia tabaci biotype b (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) (= b. argentifolii bellows and perring) immatures was studied at three constant temperatures: 22, 26 and 30 degrees c. lower developmental threshold temperatures (t0) were estimated at 9 and 9.9 degrees c, for males and females, respectively. female adults weighed slightly more than males (0.587 and 0.505 mg, respec ... | 2008 | 20345295 |
| field evaluation of resistance to pyriproxyfen in bemisia tabaci (b biotype). | we determined effects of aerial sprays of the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen on sweetpotato whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (b biotype), in arizona cotton (gossypium spp.) fields. we measured survival for males and females from a susceptible strain and a laboratory-selected resistant strain, as well as for hybrid female progeny from crosses between the strains. insects were exposed directly to pyriproxyfen sprays in the field or indirectly in the laboratory by rearing them on sprayed ... | 2007 | 17972644 |
| high-throughput allelic discrimination of b and q biotypes of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, using taqman allele-selective pcr. | b and q biotypes of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), are generally regarded as the most significant given their global distribution and strong resistance to insecticides. since these biotypes can coexist and differ markedly in their insecticide resistance profiles, a rapid but reliable means of discriminating between them would be a valuable complement to resistance monitoring and management programmes. recently, pcr-based methods have been developed to determine the biotype status of b ... | 2008 | 17972303 |
| development of silverleaf assay, protein and nucleic acid-based diagnostic techniques for the quick and reliable detection and monitoring of biotype b of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius). | the aim of this study was to develop and optimize silverleaf bioassay, esterase analysis and pcr-based techniques to distinguish quickly and reliably biotype b of the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius), from indian indigenous biotypes. zucchini and squash readily develop silverleaf symptoms upon feeding by the b biotype, but they are not readily available in indian markets. a local pumpkin variety 'big' was, therefore, used in silverleaf assay, which developed symptoms similar to those on zucc ... | 2007 | 17916268 |
| [insecticide resistance of bemisia tabaci field populations]. | resistance to 13 insecticides in field populations of bemisia tabaci from six regions (fuzhou, zhangzhou, longyan, sanming, nanping, ningde) of fujian province, china was monitored by adult leaf-dipping bioassay. compared with the susceptible sud-s strain, all the six field populations exhibited high levels of resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin (838.38-2460.52 fold), fenpropathrin (244.64-834.29 fold), cypermethrin (116.02-266.35 fold), deltamethrin (81.75-124.18 fold), acephate (425.18-875.56 fol ... | 2007 | 17886654 |
| plant-mediated interactions between whiteflies, herbivores, and natural enemies. | whiteflies (homoptera: aleyrodidae) comprise tiny phloem-sucking insects. the sessile development of their immatures and their phloem-feeding habits (with minimal physical plant damage) often lead to plant-mediated interactions with other organisms. the main data come from the polyphagous pest species bemisia tabaci (gennadius) and trialeurodes vaporariorum (westwood), which are intricately associated with their host plants. although these associations might not represent aleyrodids in general, ... | 2008 | 17877454 |
| some biological features of cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) on various host plants. | development and reproduction of the cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) were studied on aubergine, tomato and potato under laboratory conditions (30 degrees c and 55% rh). total life cycle from egg to adult was 14.9, 20.0 and 14.2 days on aubergine, tomato and potato, respectively. immature mortality were 12.9, 18.1 and 12.3% at the same three host plants. females of b. tabaci oviposited means of 51.8, 60.1 and 67.5 eggs on aubergine, tomato and potato, respectively and had a mean longev ... | 2007 | 19090122 |
| within-plant distribution of bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae) adults and immatures on greenhouse-grown winter cucumber plants. | within-plant distribution of adults, pupae, nymphs, and eggs of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) on leaves of greenhouse-grown winter cucumber, cucumis sativum l., plants were studied in field plots for integrated pest management decision making. distribution of specific life stages depended on the leaf positions. the leaves with most abundance and low or lowest variation of whiteflies were leaves 8-12 for adults, 8-11 for pupae, 6-12 for nymphs, and 6-9 for eggs. in light of ... | 2007 | 17849865 |
| evidence from molecular markers and population genetic analyses suggests recent invasions of the western north pacific region by biotypes b and q of bemisia tabaci (gennadius). | invasive events by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotypes in various parts of the world are of continuing interest. the most famous is biotype b that has caused great economic losses globally. in addition, biotype q has also recently been reported to be a new invasive pest. these two biotypes have been monitored for some time in the western north pacific region, but the invasive events and population genetic structures of these two biotypes are still not clear in this region. in this study, the mit ... | 2007 | 17716487 |
| assessment of herbivore performance on host plants. | two models for assessing the performance of herbivores on a variety of host plants are developed by combining knowledge of population genetics and population ecology, especially that of the fixation probability of mutant genes. the absolute host performance model precisely assesses host performance for one herbivore population based on parameters of fecundity, larval survivorship, and selection pressure. the relative host performance model compares host performance for one population among diffe ... | 2007 | 17716460 |
| [biology and non-preference for oviposition by bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on cotton cultivars]. | the purposes of this work were to evaluate some biological aspects of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b at egg and nymphal stages and to evaluate the non-preference for oviposition and its correlation with the number and type of trichomes on the cotton cultivars brs ipê, brs 186-precoce 3, brs acala, brs verde, brs-200 marrom, brs cedro, brs ita 90-2 and brs aroeira. the experiments were conducted in climatic chambers at 28 +/- 2 degrees c, 70% rh and photophase of 14h, and in greenhouse. egg ... | 2007 | 17710328 |
| introgression of resistance genes between populations: a model study of insecticide resistance in bemisia tabaci. | introgression is a key process in conservation biology, genetic modification of (crop) species and in the evolutionary ecology of many species. here we consider the case of introgression of insecticide resistance in the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. b. tabaci is a species complex consisting of a range of biotypes, known to have a high degree of inter-biotype reproductive isolation. in areas where insecticide resistant and susceptible biotypes of b. tabaci coexist, introgression of the resistance gen ... | 2007 | 17658572 |
| adult bemisia tabaci biotype b can induce silverleafing in squash. | bemisia tabaci biotype b is one of three genetic groups able to induce silverleafing in squash. several earlier studies had observed that this physiological change was induced only through the feeding of juvenile whiteflies. this study uses adult males only to show that after 11 days the adult males were able to begin to induce silverleafing. further, the response was density-dependent with 120 adults inducing the first signs of silverleafing in 11 days, 90 adults in 13 days and 60 adults in 15 ... | 2007 | 17645825 |
| global relationships of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) revealed using bayesian analysis of mitochondrial coi dna sequences. | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is a species complex that is one of the most devastating agricultural pests worldwide and affects a broad range of food, fiber and ornamental crops. unfortunately, using parsimony and neighbor joining methods, global phylogenetic relationships of the major races/biotypes of b. tabaci remain unresolved. aside from the limitations of these methods, phylogenetic analyses have been limited to only small subsets of the global collection of b. tabaci ... | 2007 | 17627853 |
| potentiation/antagonism of pyrethroids with organophosphate insecticides in bemisia tabaci (homoptera: aleyrodidae). | the binary mixtures of pyrethroids cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and deltamethrin plus organophosphates ethion, profenofos, chlorpyrifos, quinalphos, acephate, methamidophos, methyl parathion, and triazophos were evaluated on putatively resistant field populations of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) from pakistan using a leaf-dip bioassay. ethion exhibited good potentiation with all the pyrethroids. quinalph ... | 2007 | 17598552 |
| field evaluation of different insecticide use strategies as resistance management and control tactics for bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). | various insecticide use strategies including rotations, sequential use, and mixtures were evaluated experimentally on bemisia tabaci (gennadius) in california and arizona (u.s.a.) cotton fields. toxicological responses of adult b. tabaci were measured along with preimaginal densities and cotton yields from plots subjected to different insecticide regimens. weekly monitoring for susceptibility changes over ten consecutive weeks in four different trials failed to detect significant differences bet ... | 2002 | 17598296 |