| neospora-like protozoal infections associated with bovine abortions. | eighty bovine fetuses with presumed protozoal infections from a previous 2-year retrospective study were examined by immunohistochemistry using antisera against neospora caninum. in 66 (83%) of the fetuses, protozoa were found that reacted positively with anti-n. caninum sera. in three (4%) additional fetuses, protozoa identified as sarcocystis species did not react, and in two fetuses (3%) single protozoal clusters were found only in hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. a group of 20 fetuses w ... | 1991 | 2063512 |
| [detection of early humoral response in experimental toxoplasmosis in mice]. | experimental infection of mice by toxoplasma gondii is the best way for antigen production or direct diagnosis. early serological response from sera and peritoneal exudate of mice infected by t. gondii has been studied. in this report the authors show that specific antibodies (igm) are found in the serum at 24 hours after intraperitoneal inoculation. serological methods were unable to detect free antibodies in the peritoneal exudate. specific antibodies coating the parasite surface were detected ... | 1991 | 2064078 |
| effect of clindamycin on pneumonia from reactivation of toxoplasma gondii infection in mice. | clindamycin was used to treat the reactivation of a chronic toxoplasma gondii infection in mice. clindamycin reduced mortality by 44% when used prophylactically (p less than 0.001) but appeared to be less effective when used to treat clinically apparent reactivation. further studies should be conducted to establish the efficacy of clindamycin for the treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans. | 1991 | 2069389 |
| strategies of obligate intracellular parasites for evading host defences. | during the course of establishing infection in a susceptible host, obligate intracellular parasites evade host defence mechanisms before, during and after entry into host cells. before entry they circumvent the lytic activity of the complement cascade, during cell entry they avoid being killed by toxic oxygen metabolites and after entry they escape nonoxidative killing mechanisms such as degradation by lysosomal hydrolases. different intracellular parasites, exemplified here by leishmania spp, t ... | 1991 | 2069674 |
| high levels of igm antibodies specific for toxoplasma gondii in pregnancy 12 years after primary toxoplasma infection. case report. | a case of high levels of specific igm antibodies registered by the immunosorbent agglutination assay (isaga) in a pregnant woman with a history of toxoplasmosis is reported. the patient had acute lymphoglandular toxoplasmosis diagnosed serologically by increases in the specific antibody titer detected by the sabin-feldman test (sft) and pathohistologically 12 years before pregnancy. in pregnancy, she had stable titers of specific antibodies registered by the sft, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assa ... | 1991 | 2071060 |
| new methods in the diagnosis and management of cerebral toxoplasmosis associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | cerebral toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening condition associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). current diagnostic and therapeutic methods have serious limitations. the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasma infection in a patient with aids was assisted by the detection of specific igm in a highly sensitive immunosorbent agglutination assay and by the demonstration of toxoplasma gondii nucleic acid in a brain biopsy specimen by means of the polymerase chain reaction. following i ... | 1991 | 2071911 |
| evolutionary relationships of avian eimeria species among other apicomplexan protozoa: monophyly of the apicomplexa is supported. | direct, reverse transcriptase-mediated, partial sequencing of the small-subunit (16s-like) ribosomal rna (srrna) of eimeria tenella and e. acervulina was performed. sequences were aligned by eye with six previously published, partial or complete srrna sequences of apicomplexan protists (plasmodium berghei, theileria annulata, cryptosporidium sp., toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis muris, and s. gigantea). six eukaryotic protists (a slime mold, a yeast, two dinoflagellates, and two ciliates) acted as ... | 1991 | 2072862 |
| cefodizime as a biological response modifier: a review of its in-vivo, ex-vivo and in-vitro immunomodulatory properties. | immunomodulation by antibacterial agents shows promise as a novel strategy in the treatment of infectious diseases. cefodizime, a new oxi-imino-amino-2-thiazolyl cephalosporin, is a particularly good candidate in this context. in-vivo models of experimental infections show that prophylactic administration of cefodizime increases the survival of some strains of mice after challenge with toxoplasma gondii or candida albicans; its curative effect in infections due to members of the enterobacteriace ... | 1990 | 2074251 |
| evaluation of immunoblotting for the detection of toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin m antibodies. | immunoblot analysis was used to detect human igm antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in 20 patients with recent toxoplasmosis, 30 immune individuals, 30 non-immune individuals, and 24 children less then two years old. analysis of the igm strips revealed that specific igm antibodies detectable after a recent toxoplasma gondii infection react with the same antigens as the 'natural' antibodies present in the sera of immune and non-immune individuals and in the sera of young children. these data indicat ... | 1990 | 2086220 |
| [congenital toxoplasmosis]. | congenital toxoplasmosis is characterized by the classical triads: hydrocephaly, chorioretinitis and intracerebral calcifications. in fact it is an uncommon manifestation of congenital infection with the parasite toxoplasma gondii, that is generally subclinical in the neonatal period. but there is a substantial risk of delayed clinical manifestation due to exacerbation of infection: chorioretinitis with loss of vision. with some case histories the interpretation of serodiagnostic techniques is e ... | 1990 | 2089735 |
| cardiac toxoplasmosis in pathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | four cases of myocarditis from toxoplasma gondii were observed at autopsy among 18 consecutive cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). all cases showed spotty inflammatory myocardial infiltration, consisting mainly of t lymphocytes and, to a lesser extent, of b lymphocytes, histiocytes, mastocytes and eosinophilic granulocytes, with presence of toxoplasma gondii in the cytoplasm of a few myocardial cells. the incidence of toxoplasmic myocarditis in heart involvement in aids was 22% i ... | 1990 | 2090995 |
| [chronic pericardial effusion due to toxoplasma gondii in a patient with a myelodysplastic syndrome]. | | 1990 | 2091101 |
| [aids pathology: various critical considerations (especially regarding the brain, the heart, the lungs, the hypophysis and the adrenal glands]. | our studies on pathology of aids point to four major conclusions. 1) the brain is often directly affected by the hiv infection (with the characteristics of subacute microglial encephalitis with pathognomonic multinucleated giant cells) and then by opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus, herpes-virus, papova-virus jc (with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy), mycobacterium tuberculosis, toxoplasma gondii, cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus; oppor ... | 1990 | 2094837 |
| [construction of a genomic dna library of toxoplasma gondii (zs2 strain), screening of specific clone and dna diagnosis of toxoplasmosis]. | we have constructed a genomic dna library of toxoplasma gondii (zs2 strain) and screened out a specific dna sequence for t. gondii. the restriction map of the cloned dna fragment (1.1kb) was analysed. the southern and dot-blot analyses showed that the 32p-labeled cloned dna fragment hybridized to the parasite dna, dnas from peripheral white blood cells and thymus of baby pigs artificially infected with t. gondii and dnas of t. gondii- positive anencephalus and hydrocephalus, but did not hybridiz ... | 1990 | 2095993 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies among women with boh and general population in delhi. | one thousand and thirty-six serum samples obtained from women with bad obstetric history (boh) were subjected to detection of toxoplasma antibody by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) using whole promastigotes of rh strain of toxoplasma gondii as antigen. thirtyone (2.99 per cent) samples were found to be positive (titre greater than or equal to 1:64). of these 31 patients' sera 27 (87.09 per cent) showed rising titre of antibody when second samples were drawn after 4 weeks. two hun ... | 1990 | 2098426 |
| tight junctional inhibition of entry of toxoplasma gondii into mdck cells. | various conditions of cultures were performed to investigate the role of tight junctions formed between adjacent mdck cells on the entry of toxoplasma. when mdck cells were cocultured with excess number of toxoplasma at the seeding density of 1 x 10(5), 3 x 10(5), and 5 x 10(5) cells/ml for 4 days, the number of intracellular parasites decreased rapidly as the host cells reached saturation density, i.e., the formation of tight junctions. when the concentration of calcium in the media (1.8 mm in ... | 1990 | 2099173 |
| [incidence of toxoplasma gondii infections among children in the kielce province]. | toxoplasma antibodies were investigated among 639 children inhabiting the province of kielce. the percentage of seropositive children appeared high in newborns (58.4), then dropped to 1.48 in one-year-old infants and increased to 17.4 among 6-7 year old children. the percentage was significantly higher among country children. | 1990 | 2100815 |
| increase of sulfadiazine effect against toxoplasma gondii by using watermelon or cantaloupe seeds. | in an experimental model the anti--toxoplasma effect of watermelon and cantaloupe seeds, together with sulfadiazine (sd7.5 and sd15) given by oral route, were studied. combination of any of these seeds with the drug was able to increase the survival time and cure some tachyzoite infected mice. the effect was produced either by peeled or complete seeds and more significant results were obtained when sd7.5 and 10(3) tachyzoite inoculum was used in the model. some toxoplasma oocyst infected mice we ... | 1990 | 2101461 |
| bone marrow findings in hiv infection: a pathological study. | the histopathologic changes of bone marrow during infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) are described. bone marrow biopsies from 73 patients at different stages of hiv-1 infection were studied. indications for biopsy included peripheral blood abnormalities, suspicion of lymphoma, or search for specific pathogens. common histopathological features, suggestive of hiv-1 infection but nonpathognomonic were hypercellularity (67%), myelodysplasia (86.1%), plasmacytosis (98.6%) ... | 1990 | 2103865 |
| a homogeneous population of lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells is incapable of killing virus-, bacteria-, or parasite-infected macrophages. | previous reports have suggested a role for natural killer (nk) cells in directly lysing host cells infected with bacteria and other intracellular microorganisms. here, we determined the inability of a highly homogeneous population of lymphokine activated killer (lak) cells to kill macrophages infected with the following intracellular parasites: mycobacterium avium, listeria monocytogenes, legionella pneumophila, toxoplasma gondii, and trypanosoma cruzi. in parallel cytotoxicity assays, lak cells ... | 1990 | 2104576 |
| serologic and histologic diagnosis of toxoplasmic abortions in sheep in oregon. | between 1983 and 1989, we examined 586 fetuses and dead lambs submitted to a diagnostic laboratory in oregon. toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in 74 (12.6%), campylobacteriosis in 89 (15.2%), chlamydiosis in 75 (12.8%), miscellaneous infections in 153 (26.1%), noninfectious causes in 37 (6.3%), and undetermined causes in 158 (27.0%). detection of toxoplasma gondii agglutinating antibodies (greater than or equal to 20) in body fluids or heart serum was considered specific for the diagnosis of toxoplas ... | 1990 | 2105287 |
| murine gamma interferon fails to inhibit toxoplasma gondii growth in murine fibroblasts. | although treatment of human macrophages or fibroblasts with human gamma interferon results in the inhibition of intracellular toxoplasma gondii, murine gamma interferon stimulated only murine macrophages, not murine fibroblasts, to inhibit t. gondii. this species difference may be important in understanding the control of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis. | 1990 | 2106497 |
| role of tnf and il-1 in infections with toxoplasma gondii. | mice lethally infected with the c56 strain of toxoplasma gondii and treated with purified recombinant murine tumour necrosis factor (tnf, 1 microgram/day/mouse for 8 days), recombinant human interleukin-1 (il-1 alpha or il-1 beta, 100 ng/day/mouse for 5 days) or a single dose of a combination of tnf (1 microgram/mouse) and il-1 alpha or il-1 beta (100 ng/mouse) were significantly protected against death (p less than 0.05-0.001, as compared with untreated infected controls). mice infected with 10 ... | 1990 | 2107144 |
| molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of human interferon-gamma-inducible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase cdna. | the antiproliferative action of human interferon (huifn)-gamma on human cells and the inhibition of intracellular pathogens, e.g. toxoplasma gondii and chlamydia psittaci, is at least in part due to an induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) enzyme which degrades tryptophan, an essential amino acid. a cdna clone (called c42) was isolated from a cdna library made from poly(a)+ rna obtained from huifn-gamma-treated human fibroblasts. its nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame co ... | 1990 | 2109605 |
| the effect of toxoplasma gondii infection in flunixin meglumine treated pregnant ewes as monitored by plasma levels of 15-ketodihydroprostaglandin f2 alpha, progesterone, oestrone sulphate and ultrasound scanning. | the aim of this study was to examine the endocrinological response (15-ketodihydro-pgf2 alpha, progesterone and oestrone sulphate) of pregnant ewes which were constantly treated with flunixin meglumine (fm) after infection with toxoplasma gondii. seven swedish peltsheep ewes were dosed orally with 2,000 t. gondii oocysts at 90.5 (82-94) days of pregnancy. the ewes were treated with fm, 1 mg/kg, intramuscularly twice a day, starting one day before infection until the end of the gestation period. ... | 1990 | 2110399 |
| activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages during infection with salmonella typhimurium does not result in enhanced intracellular killing. | our study was performed to investigate whether macrophages become activated during an infection with salmonella typhimurium and, if so, whether these activated macrophages kill s. typhimurium faster than resident macrophages. mice received i.v. injections with a sublethal number of s. typhimurium; on about day 12 of the infection the numbers of bacteria in the liver and the spleen were maximal. during the infection, activation of peritoneal macrophages could be demonstrated on the basis of three ... | 1990 | 2111344 |
| toxoplasma gondii and toxoplasmosis. | | 1990 | 2111511 |
| effects of cyclosporin a on susceptibility and interferon-generating capacity in mice infected with toxoplasma gondii. | cyclosporin a (cs-a), a potent immunosuppressant, was administered to mice to evaluate the role of t lymphocytes for the development of a protective immunity to an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, toxoplasma gondii. although daily administration of various amounts of cs-a for 7 days enhanced the host susceptibility at all doses employed, a dose-dependent manner of cs-a treatment was not observed as far as the dosage regimens applied here are concerned; mice died at the same rate (40%) ... | 1990 | 2112213 |
| the effect of toxoplasma gondii infection in unvaccinated and iscom-vaccinated pregnant ewes as monitored by plasma levels of 15-ketodihydroprostaglandin f2 alpha, progesterone, and oestrone sulphate. | in order to study the effect of toxoplasma infection on hormonal levels in pregnant ewes, twenty-eight scottish blackface ewes were dosed orally with toxoplasma gondii oocytes at 91 +/- 1 days of gestation. fifteen of these ewes were vaccinated with an experimental toxoplasma iscom vaccine prior to inoculation. further three ewes were used as non-infected controls. all challenged ewes became infected. plasma was analysed for the content of 15-ketodihydro-pgf2 alpha, progesterone and oestrone sul ... | 1990 | 2113748 |
| presence of gamma interferon in human acute and congenital toxoplasmosis. | the production of gamma interferon in acute acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis was studied. gamma interferon was produced at significant titers (p less than 0.001) in the course of both congenital toxoplasmosis and acquired toxoplasmosis at an early stage of infection, when toxoplasma gondii was multiplying. its presence in fetal blood was correlated with the positive inoculation of fetal blood or amniotic fluid into mice (95%). the data suggest that the fetus is able to synthesize gamma inte ... | 1990 | 2116447 |
| co-infection of macrophages modulates interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor-induced activation against intracellular pathogens. | co-infection of macrophages (m phi) with toxoplasma gondii and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (mac) has been observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). in this study we have demonstrated that co-infected murine m phi respond differently to cytokine stimulation than m phi infected with either of the microorganisms alone. whereas treatment with interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) activated both single and co-infected groups of m phi to kill t. gondii, treatment with ... | 1990 | 2117640 |
| abnormalities of the brain in aids patients: correlation of postmortem mr findings with neuropathology. | the ability of mr to detect cns lesions in aids patients was evaluated by postmortem scanning of 10 formalin-fixed brains. nine patients had premortem mental status changes and five had focal neurologic deficits. the brains were imaged and sectioned in corresponding planes. mr images showed atrophy in eight of the 10. all grossly identified lesions and areas of mr abnormality were histologically evaluated. areas of infarction and necrosis associated with cytomegalovirus (cmv) or toxoplasma gondi ... | 1990 | 2120995 |
| therapy and prophylaxis of systemic protozoan infections. | this article summarises current therapy and prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, leishmania species, african trypanosomes (trypanosoma brucei gambiense and t. b. rhodesiense), and american trypanosome (trypanosoma cruzi) infections. each agent and the disease it causes is briefly reviewed, and current data on the structure, mode of action, indications for treatment, dosage, administration, duration of therapy, efficacy, toxicity, and necessary monitoring during therapy are di ... | 1990 | 2121456 |
| class i mhc genes and cd8+ t cells determine cyst number in toxoplasma gondii infection. | to determine roles of mhc class i and ii genes in protection against toxoplasma gondii, h-2 congenic and mutant mice were infected perorally with bradyzoites of t. gondii and brain cysts were enumerated 30 days later. as b10 mice (h-2b) are cyst susceptible and b10.a mice (h-2a) are cyst resistant, b10 congenic mice having the same alleles but different h-2 haplotypes were used to locate the controlling gene. genes located at h-2l (i.e., class i genes) were found to regulate the number of brain ... | 1990 | 2121825 |
| the use of diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of nadph oxidase, to investigate the antimicrobial action of human monocyte derived macrophages. | diphenylene iodonium is an inhibitor of the respiratory burst-generating nadph oxidase of phagocytes. the effect of this compound on human monocyte-derived macrophages and its usefulness in exploring the antimicrobial mechanisms of phagocytes was examined. 1 microm diphenylene iodonium inhibited hydrogen peroxide production by human macrophages and the activity of these cells against toxoplasma gondii. at this concentration macrophage degranulation was unaffected. | 1990 | 2121828 |
| levels of 15-ketodihydroprostaglandin f2 alpha during experimental toxoplasma gondii infection in non-pregnant ewe lambs. | in order to study the relation between prostaglandin f2 alpha levels and fever during toxoplasma gondii infection, six non-pregnant ewe lambs were exposed orally to t. gondii oocysts and an additional four animals were used as non-inoculated controls. rectal temperature was measured daily during four weeks and plasma samples were analysed for the content of 15-ketodihydroprostaglandin f2 alpha. as compared to controls, the inoculated animals had significantly elevated rectal temperatures on days ... | 1990 | 2123057 |
| zoonotic infections in northern ireland farmers. | evidence of past zoonotic infection was investigated serologically in randomly selected northern ireland farmers. the percentage of farmers with antibody was: brucella abortus (0.7), leptospira interrogans serovars (8.1), borrelia burgdorferi (14.3), toxoplasma gondii (73.5), coxiella burnetii (28.0), chlamydia psittaci (11.1) and hantavirus (1.2). the results show that northern ireland farmers have been exposed in the past to zoonotic infections. it is not known if these infections contributed ... | 1990 | 2123457 |
| production and cellular origin of gamma interferon induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice infected with toxoplasma gondii. | | 1990 | 2126828 |
| identification of an apically-located antigen that is conserved in sporozoan parasites. | sporozoan parasites of the phylum apicomplexa all possess common apical structures. the current study used a monoclonal antibody (mab-e12) to identify a conserved antigen in the apical region of merozoites of seven species of plasmodium (including rodent, primate and human pathogens), tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii, bradyzoites of sarcocystis bovis, and sporozoites and merozoites of eimeria tenella and e. acervulina. the antigen was also present in sporozoites of haemosporinid parasites. immun ... | 1990 | 2128339 |
| potentiation of autoimmune response in rats infected with toxoplasma gondii. inhibition of suppressor system and impairment of thymic cellular populations. | in the present work we studied the influence that an infection with toxoplasma gondii in thymus proximity produces on the suppression of autoimmune response to autoantigen of rat male accessory glands (rag). the suppression was achieved injecting syngeneic animals with low doses of autoantigen of rag previous to the immunization with chemically modified rat male accessory glands (mrag). rats were infected in thymus proximity with 3 x 10(3) trophozoites of t. gondii before or after to be suppress ... | 1990 | 2129774 |
| production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies for species diagnosis of sarcosporidia. | monoclonal antibodies were raised against cystozoites of sarcocystis muris and characterised. twelve monoclonal antibodies reacted in the elisa, dot-elisa and ifat only with homologous antigen. the other twelve showed cross reactions of various degrees with cystozoites of s. gigantea, s. tenella, s. arieticanis, s. capracanis, s. miescheriana and s. suihominis. proteins of s. arieticanis, s. tenella, s. gigantea, s. capracanis, s. muris and toxoplasma gondii were compared by isoelectric focusing ... | 1990 | 2132150 |
| immune responses against toxoplasma and sarcocystis infections in ruminants: diagnosis and prospects for vaccination. | toxoplasma gondii and a variety of sarcocystis species are common cyst-forming coccidian parasites of domestic ruminants worldwide. t. gondii infection is a major cause of ovine and caprine abortion and perinatal mortality, but does not appear commonly to cause significant disease in other ruminants. sarcocystis infections are probably most important in growing ruminants in which they can cause subclinical anaemia and reduced weight gain. the life cycles, pathogenesis and current knowledge of im ... | 1990 | 2132690 |
| diagnosis and epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in korea. | toxoplasma gondii can cause congenital as well as postnatal toxoplasmosis in humans and animals, and thereby elicit various kinds and grades of clinical manifestations. in the human host, especially the congenital type gives rise to serious complications and sequelae such as blindness and hydrocephalus. serological tests such as sabin-feldman dye test, indirect hemagglutination test, indirect fluorescent antibody test, indirect latex agglutination test, agglutination test, enzyme-linked immunoso ... | 1990 | 2133421 |
| [isolation of toxoplasma gondii from the saliva of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)]. | toxoplasma gondii has been found in saliva of patients with toxoplasmosis. we tried to isolate parasites in saliva in patients with aids. as it is known, the finding of antitoxoplasma antibodies is not useful for diagnosis of cerebral abscess in toxoplasmosis occurring in aids patients in brazil where 90% or more adults have serological evidence of past infection with toxoplasma gondii. in 26 patients with aids, including six with tomographical evidence suggesting cerebral abscess caused by toxo ... | 1990 | 2135828 |
| inhibition of interferon-gamma-mediated activation in mouse macrophages treated with lipoarabinomannan. | lipoarabinomannan (lam), purified from the cell walls of mycobacterium leprae and m. tuberculosis, is a potent inhibitor of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) mediated activation of macrophages. the capability of lam to inhibit ifn-gamma activation of macrophages in vitro was dose dependent and required a 24-h pre-exposure. defective activation was evident as a block in ifn-gamma-induced cytocidal activity for tumour cell targets and microbicidal capacity for intracellular toxoplasma gondii. additiona ... | 1990 | 2138940 |
| [pneumonia in aids: a case of co-infection caused by toxoplasma gondii and pneumocystis carinii]. | | 1990 | 2139953 |
| protection of nude rats against toxoplasma infection by excreted-secreted antigen-specific helper t cells. | in the present work we demonstrate the implication of excreted-secreted antigens in eliciting the protective cell-mediated immunity developed by rats toward toxoplasma gondii. we first showed that 10(4) specific t cells from t. gondii-infected rats conferred to nude rats the ability to resist an infection by the highly virulent rh strain of t. gondii. in a second series of experiments, the role of excreted-secreted antigens in this protection was demonstrated. after the adoptive transfer to nude ... | 1990 | 2142137 |
| remarkable activities of nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase in the tachyzoites of both virulent and avirulent strains of toxoplasma gondii. | dithiothreitol-dependent mgatp2- and mg-adp- hydrolytic activities owing to nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase were examined kinetically in tachyzoite cells of five strains of toxoplasma gondii with various virulence. the tachyzoites of all the strains were revealed to have a high atp and adp hydrolytic potency. the value of vmax and km obtained from each strain indicated that there were two classified types of t. gondii about atp and adp hydrolysis. the most virulent strain (rh) and avirulent st ... | 1990 | 2149344 |
| [prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis]. | toxoplasma gondii can be transmitted from mother to fetus during primary maternal infection acquired after or, possibly, slightly before conception. the incidence of congenital infection is highest in the third trimester, while severity is greatest when maternal infection is acquired during the first trimester. about 50 per cent of mothers who acquire the infection during gestation, if not treated, will give birth to infected infants. incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis varies from 0.5 to 6.5 ... | 1990 | 2149535 |
| toxoplasma gondii: a rapid method for the isolation of pure tachyzoites. preliminary characterization of its genome. | a rapid and simple technique for the purification of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites was developed. highly purified parasites were obtained from the peritoneal exudates of infected mice by means of two consecutive discontinuous sucrose gradients run at low speed (10,000xg, 30 min). parasites obtained by this method conserved its biological activity. hybridization studies with dna from healthy mice and from purified tachyzoites preparations demonstrated that toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites dna could ... | 1990 | 2152195 |
| anti-hiv antibodies and other serological and immunological parameters among normal haitians in montreal. | a matched-pair, cross-sectional study of lymphocyte and serological parameters associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in 189 randomly chosen, ostensibly healthy adult haitian immigrants residing in montreal matched for sex, age (within 5 years), and neighborhood of residence to 189 non-haitian (caucasian) controls was done in 1983-1984. three years later (1986-1987), 41 of the haitian study subjects and 83 of the non-haitian controls participated in a follow-up study centered ... | 1990 | 2153200 |
| myelitis in a cat infected with toxoplasma gondii and feline immunodeficiency virus. | severe necrotizing myelitis secondary to localization and reactivation of toxoplasma gondii within the spinal cord of a domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed by use of light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. the cat also was infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. this case may have useful comparative features to t gondii infections in human patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1990 | 2153650 |
| viral and toxoplasma gondii infections in children after liver transplantation. | the incidence and morbidity of viral and toxoplasma gondii infections were studied in 40 children who underwent liver transplantation between december 1983 and february 1988. the incidence of primary and reactivated cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection was 19% and 47%, respectively; primary infection caused clinical disease in all five cases affected and was fatal in one. primary epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection occurred in 10 (26%) recipients but caused only mild disease. no reactivated ebv infect ... | 1990 | 2155947 |
| comparative demographic and autopsy findings in acquired immune deficiency syndrome in two mexican populations. | in order to identify the characteristics of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) as it occurs in mexico, a comparative study of the demographic and pathological findings of the first 58 patients who died of aids and were autopsied at two mexican hospitals, hospital general de mexico (hg) and instituto nacional de la nutricion (inn), was performed. the patient population consisted of 52 men and 6 women. their socioeconomic status (ses) was estimated using the occupational prestige and l ... | 1990 | 2159991 |
| activity in vitro against toxoplasma gondii of azithromycin and clarithromycin alone and with pyrimethamine. | | 1990 | 2161824 |
| distribution of antibodies against coxsackie b viruses, arboviruses and toxoplasma gondii among patients with endomyocardial fibrosis (emf) compared with normal subjects from emf endemic and non-endemic zones of nigeria. | the sera of eight endomyocardial fibrosis (emf) subjects, 11 siblings of one of them and 16 normal children matched with the emf patients for age, sex and socio-economic status from ogunmakin and shao/oloru communities (eight each), situated in emf-endemic and non-endemic areas of nigeria respectively, were examined for the presence of antibodies against coxsackie viruses b1-6, 16 arboviruses and toxoplasma gondii. sera from 36 other randomly selected normal children from ogunmakin and 26 other ... | 1990 | 2165348 |
| a dot-elisa intended for the specific and simultaneous detection of antibodies directed to antigens derived from toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and type 1 and type 2 herpesviruses. | a procedure for the routine and simultaneous laboratory detection of igg antibodies produced in humans in the course of various infectious diseases is described. the procedure, based on dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), used single nitrocellulose strips onto which several antigens were dotted in close proximity. optimal conditions were specified that allowed the unequivocal and simultaneous detection of igg antibodies specifically directed against toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, c ... | 1990 | 2167959 |
| assessment of rapid elisa test for detection of epstein-barr virus infection. | a rapid test for the detection of igm and igg epstein-barr nuclear antigen (ebna-1) has been extensively marketed. if igm to epstein-barr viral capsid antigen (ebv vca) is taken as evidence of current ebv infection, one observer detected 17 of 38 such samples and the other 22 of 38 as acute. the positive predictive value of the test was 63%, and the greatest difficulty was posed by the detection of igm ebv vca positive, heterophile antibody negative samples. significant false positive results we ... | 1990 | 2169485 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus, toxoplasma gondii, and intestinal parasitic infections in taiwanese cats. | a population consisting of 70 breeder cats, 43 clinical cases, and 16 feral cats was examined for the presence of toxoplasma gondii, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and feline leukaemia virus (felv). no oocysts of t. gondii were observed in 96 faecal samples; faecal samples were not available from the feral cats. other intestinal parasites identified included isospora felis (three cats), isospora rivolta (five), dipylidium canium (two), toxocara cati (four), toxascaris leonina (one), and an ... | 1990 | 2171713 |
| [microbiological and morphological findings in reactive lymphadenopathy]. | an attempt was made by means of microbiological and histomorphological methods for diagnostic elucidation of reactive lymphadenopathies in 52 patients. the serological findings differed from those recorded from clinically intact individuals, in that they included not only increased prevalence of antibodies but also increased antibody titres to cytomegalovirus, influenza virus, and toxoplasma gondii. the dynamic of antibody titres against antigens specific of herpesvirus, influenza virus, and tox ... | 1990 | 2173296 |
| regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase gene expression in human fibroblasts by interferon-gamma. upstream control region discriminates between interferon-gamma and interferon-alpha. | the interferon (ifn)-gamma-mediated induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) enzyme, which converts tryptophan into n-formylkynurenine, has been implicated in the inhibition of intracellular pathogens, e.g. toxoplasma gondii and chlamydia psittaci, and in the antiproliferative effect of ifn-gamma on tumor cells. the ido activity is induced strongly in many cell types by ifn-gamma but rather poorly by ifn-alpha or -beta. a genomic dna clone containing part of the transcribed region of the i ... | 1990 | 2174056 |
| [coexistence of toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus infections in infants]. | coexistence of toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus infection in 3 dystrophic newborns is discussed. also the not very characteristic course of the infection is stressed. | 1990 | 2175068 |
| the effect of cyclic amp on the growth of toxoplasma gondii in vitro. | to assess the role of camp on the growth and proliferation of toxoplasma in hl-60 cells we tested the effect of exogenous camp and camp analogues to the co-culture system of toxoplasma and hl-60 cells. camp, dbcamp, and br-camp stimulated the growth of toxoplasma at a specific concentration, i.e., 10(0) mm, 10(0) mm, and 10(-1) mm, respectively. there were differences in growth induction kinetics and in the rate of promotion. these results were further verified by treating the co-culture with ad ... | 1990 | 2176818 |
| human antibody response to the nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase of toxoplasma gondii. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) that uses a recombinant protein of toxoplasma gondii as antigen was used for the detection of specific antibodies in human sera. an antigenic portion of the t. gondii nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (ntpase) was expressed in escherichia coli as a glutathione s-transferase fusion protein with an apparent molecular mass of about 5000. a total of 118 t. gondii positive and 63 negative sera were examined. seven % of the t. gondii positive sera, but none ... | 1990 | 2178171 |
| toxoplasma gondii infection: a potential danger to the unborn fetus and aids sufferer. | | 1990 | 2183258 |
| [human toxoplasmosis]. | toxoplasmosis infection is transmitted from cat faeces or insufficiently heated meat from e.g. pigs, sheep and goats. if pregnant women are infected with toxoplasma gondii, there is a risk of infection of the foetus with the possibility of development of congenital toxoplasmosis and, in patients with aids, a latent infection may be activated with subsequent fatal encephalitis. human infections with t. gondii are common but are frequently asymptomatic. the prevalence of t. gondii infection in the ... | 1990 | 2184555 |
| [opportunistic infections in hiv-infected patients]. | hiv-infected patients are prone to frequent opportunistic infections (oi). their fundamental differences to infections in the immunocompetent host are explained. the most frequent oi is pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii. a brief overview on diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of encephalitis due to toxoplasma gondii, candidiasis, meningitis due to cryptococcus neoformans, tuberculosis, infection by atypical mycobacteria, infection by viruses of the herpes group--in particular cytomegalovir ... | 1990 | 2187221 |
| toxoplasma gondii: characterization and localization of antigens secreted from tachyzoites. | since we had previously demonstrated the protective role played by toxoplasma excreted-secreted antigens, the aim of the present work was to produce monoclonal antibodies directed against these antigens in order to determine if their localization in the parasite is compatible with a mechanism of excretion or secretion. western immunoblotting analysis revealed three monoclonal antibodies (tg17-179, tg17-43, and tg17-113) raised against excreted-secreted antigens of 28.5, 27, and 21 kda, respectiv ... | 1990 | 2191870 |
| the identification of a rabbit-transmitted cervical toxoplasmosis mimicking malignant lymphoma. | a case is presented of acquired cervical toxoplasmosis occurring in a 43-year-old male, which clinically mimicked malignant lymphoma. the histopathology of this case was probable toxoplasmic lymphadenitis. serologic tests and the use of fitc-labeled antibodies revealed high levels of specific igg antibodies in the serum and toxoplasmic antigens in paraffin sections of the patient, respectively. during survey of the infection route, it was learned that the patient's pet rabbit and three other rab ... | 1990 | 2193505 |
| a rapid and simple method of purification of toxoplasma gondii trophozoites originating from tissue culture for use in the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. | a simple and convenient purification method for toxoplasma trophozoites from tissue culture cells by density centrifugation is described. separation of cells treated with formaldehyde is achieved by means of a percoll solution with a density of 1.056 g/ml permitting removal of more than 99% of the cells and cell debris from the tissue culture. thus highly purified trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii raised in tissue cultures become available for serological tests, particularly for the indirect imm ... | 1990 | 2193643 |
| antigens of toxoplasma gondii recognized by sera of aids patients before, during, and after clinically important infections. | a longitudinal study of different parameters of the immune responses to toxoplasma gondii was performed with sera of aids patients taken during and after clinically important toxoplasma infections. follow-up of patients lasted for 9 months on an average. the titres of the specific igg and igm antibodies were measured by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), and the appearance of circulating antigens of toxoplasma gondii was determined in 88 sera of 18 patients with cns (6 cases), pulmona ... | 1990 | 2193644 |
| disruption of the choroidoretinal interface by toxoplasma. | toxoplasmosis is a common zoonotic infection of the retina caused by toxoplasma gondii. the disease causes severe damage that affects the retina and subjacent choroid. invasion of the retinal cells by the parasite leads to the major damage seen in the retina. subsequent reactions to the invasion by toxoplasma leads to the influx of inflammatory cells. although hypersensitivity reactions have been described to both toxoplasma and to retinal autoantigens, the major disruption of the choroidoretina ... | 1990 | 2199243 |
| toxoplasma gondii: fusion competence of parasitophorous vacuoles in fc receptor-transfected fibroblasts. | after actively entering its host cells, the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii resides in an intracellular vacuole that is completely unable to fuse with other endocytic or biosynthetic organelles. the fusion blocking requires entry of viable organisms but is irreversible: fusion competence of the vacuole is not restored if the parasite is killed after entry. the fusion block can be overcome, however, by altering the parasite's route of entry. thus, phagocytosis of viable antibody-coated t. go ... | 1990 | 2200126 |
| [the use of commercial immunoenzyme kits for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis]. | the results of comparative study of sera obtained from donors and from several groups of patients with suspected toxoplasmosis are presented. the study has been carried out with the use of commercial enzyme immunoassay (eia) kits: toxoplasma gondii igg eia and toxoplasma gondii igm eia manufactured by labsystems (finland), sevatest elisa igg toxo micro i manufactured by sevac (czechoslovakia). statistical processing of the results has confirmed the identity of these kits. the necessity of using ... | 1990 | 2201156 |
| detection of specific immunoglobulin e in patients with toxoplasmosis. | an immunocapture assay was developed to detect toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin e (ige) in sera from adults with acute acquired infection or reactivation and from babies with congenital toxoplasmosis. the components of this assay were monoclonal antibody to human ige, samples from patients, and t. gondii tachyzoites treated with formalin. when t. gondii-specific ige antibodies were present, visually detectable agglutination occurred. sera, umbilical cord blood, fetal blood, cerebrospina ... | 1990 | 2203811 |
| [toxoplasmosis in the central african republic. complementary study in a rural area]. | the epidemiological survey on the incidence of toxoplasmosis in rural areas of central african republic was carried out on a healthy population. the 814 samples came from 5 regions with 4 different climates. about 40% of the adults had igg antibodies against toxoplasma gondii except in pre-desert area where only 25% were positive. girls became positive earlier than boys, but there was no difference between adult men and women except in pre-desert zone where men were more positive. | 1990 | 2208465 |
| [toxoplasmosis in the congo republic. seroepidemiological study]. | our study group, which was composed of over 2,500 subjects, aged between 0 and 65 years, came from different regions of congo. the samples obtained were examined for the presence of igg and igm against toxoplasma gondii. igg were detected in about 33% of children over 9 years and in about 40% of adults. a study of igm confirmed the early contact of children with the parasite (11% of positive samples for children between 4 and 9) and that of young women (5 to 7% positivity for subjects between 15 ... | 1990 | 2208466 |
| serological study of the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in asymptomatic patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | asymptomatic individuals seropositive for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) were investigated for the presence of toxoplasma specific antibody. serological examination was performed using multiple assays. of 500 patients studied 133 had serological evidence of previous exposure to toxoplasma gondii. specific igm was detected in 7 patients using isaga and 2 patients by ds-elisa. the immunoglobulin-g annual seroconversion rate was calculated to be 0.75%. the results of this study indi ... | 1990 | 2209744 |
| neospora caninum (apicomplexa) in an aborted equine fetus. | tachyzoites of neospora caninum were found in sections of lung of an equine fetus aborted 2 mo before term. individual tachyzoites were approximately 3-5 x 2-3 microns, divided by endodyogeny, and stained positively with anti-n. caninum serum but not with anti-toxoplasma gondii serum. toxoplasma gondii antibody was not found in the mare's serum. this is the first report of n. caninum in a horse and indicates that n. caninum can be transmitted transplacentally in equids. | 1990 | 2213418 |
| technique for the detection of toxoplasma gondii antigens in mouse urine. | a simple and rapid staphylococcal coagglutination test for the detection of toxoplasma gondii antigens in mice urine is described. a suspension of protein-a containing staphylococcus aureus coated with rabbit hyperimmune serum was used as reagent. the sensitivity of the antigen assay was found to be at least 118 ng of the antigen protein per ml. no coagglutination was observed when the reagent was challenged against antigenic solutions of other parasites. the suitability of the method for detect ... | 1990 | 2215236 |
| exocytosis of toxoplasma gondii dense granules into the parasitophorous vacuole after host cell invasion. | tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii have been shown to exocytose the contents of dense granules into the parasitophorous vacuole after host cell invasion. a monoclonal antibody specific for a 27-kda protein was used to locate the dense granules by immunoelectron microscopy. the same antibody also reacted with the tubular network found in the parasitophorous vacuole, which confirmed that the dense granules were exocytosed by tachyzoites. | 1990 | 2217114 |
| isolation of the pellicle of toxoplasma gondii (protozoa, coccidia): characterization by electron microscopy and protein composition. | two methods were compared for the isolation of the toxoplasma gondii pellicle: centrifugation using a discontinuous sucrose gradient and affinity purification by microspheres activated with protein a. electron microscopy showed that these two means of purification gave similar results, although better yields were obtained with the former than with the latter. proteins of membrane fractions isolated using sucrose gradient were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresi ... | 1990 | 2217115 |
| toxoplasmic chorioretinitis and hepatic granulomas. | a 71-yr-old male presented with a 2-month history of fever, malaise, and weight loss. physical exam revealed chorioretinitis. laboratory studies were notable for elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. immunoglobulin g antibody to toxoplasma gondii was positive to a dilution of 1:4096, whereas serologic studies for hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, human immunodeficiency vir ... | 1990 | 2220741 |
| in vivo assessment of antimicrobial agents against toxoplasma gondii by quantification of parasites in the blood, lungs, and brain of infected mice. | the in vivo effects of antimicrobial agents against toxoplasma gondii were evaluated in mice that were infected intraperitoneally with 10(4) tachyzoites of the rh strain by determination of survival rates and study of the kinetics of growth of t. gondii in infected mice. at various intervals after infection, subcultures of serial dilutions of blood, lung, and brain homogenates were performed in fibroblast tissue cultures for determination of parasitic loads. pyrimethamine (18.5 mg/kg per day), s ... | 1990 | 2221854 |
| onset of ocular complications in congenital toxoplasmosis associated with immunoglobulin m antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. | four patients with congenital toxoplasmosis serologically diagnosed by the sabin-feldman test (sft) and the igm-indirect fluorescent antibody test (igm-ifat) in the first year of life presented with eye disease between the age of 21 months and ten years. repeated serological testing revealed increasing levels of specific antibodies as measured by the sft. igm antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were detected in all four patients by the immunosorbent agglutination assay, in two by the igm-ifat and in ... | 1990 | 2226496 |
| toxoplasma gondii: immunocytochemistry of four immunodominant antigens with monoclonal antibodies. | four monoclonal antibodies in which diagnostic usefulness has been observed, concerning congenital, acquired, and reactivated toxoplasmosis, were raised against toxoplasma gondii tachyzoïtes in order to localize immunodominant antigens. on immunoblots, it appears that mcab iv47, mcab gii9, mcab ii38, and mcab ie10 identify families of proteins with estimated molecular weights of 28-30 kda, 30 kda, 45-50 kda, and 66-70 kda, respectively. by immunogold preembedding techniques one can observe an ho ... | 1990 | 2226705 |
| effect of cortisone on toxoplasma gondii infection studied by electron microscopy. | the ultrastructural features of cortisone effect on the early development and formation of toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts were examined in the brains of experimental mice on days 8-47 post inoculation. the cortisone was injected subcutaneously into mice twice a week: 1) at the early acute phase, 5 days post infection, and 2) at the transition phase of development, 12 days post infection. the disturbed regulation of the host-parasite relationship due to the effect of cortisone showed itself in an ... | 1990 | 2227703 |
| repeated transplacental transmission of neospora caninum in dogs. | four litters of german shorthaired pointers from one owner developed a toxoplasmosis-like illness. according to the records, 29 of 39 dogs had hind limb paralysis. six dogs from 2 litters were necropsied and had generalized encephalomyelitis. tachyzoites and tissue cysts of neospora caninum were found in the brain and spinal cord of each dog. lesions were found in the eyes, extraocular muscles, or both in all of the dogs, and n caninum was detected microscopically in the eyes (retina and choroid ... | 1990 | 2228766 |
| rapid prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasma infection by using polymerase chain reaction and amniotic fluid. | infection of pregnant women with toxoplasma gondii places the developing fetus at risk for congenital infection. we report a prospective study of 43 documented cases of acute maternal toxoplasma infections acquired during gestation in which the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was evaluated for diagnosis of fetal infection and compared with the current standard methods. on the basis of direct lysis of pelleted amniotic fluid cells followed by amplification of a gene sequence specific for t. gondi ... | 1990 | 2229355 |
| importance of membrane-bound antigens of toxoplasma gondii and their fixation for serodiagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | titers in a direct agglutination test using formalin-fixed toxoplasma tachyzoites were significantly higher in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with toxoplasmic encephalitis (te) than in those without te. in contrast, when fresh (not fixed) tachyzoites were used, the titers did not differ from those in patients without te. the direct agglutination test using formalin-fixed tachyzoites better distinguished between patients with te and those without te than an agglutination test us ... | 1990 | 2229363 |
| differential agglutination test for diagnosis of recently acquired infection with toxoplasma gondii. | we evaluated the recently described differential agglutination test (hs/ac test) to differentiate recently acquired toxoplasma infections from those acquired in the more distant past in sera obtained from 38 patients with carefully defined symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. ac antigens detect acute-phase-specific immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies against toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites that are formed only during the acute stage of infection in humans. the hs/ac test correctly identified rec ... | 1990 | 2229374 |
| toxoplasmosis of the conus medullaris in a patient with hemophilia a-associated aids. case report. | toxoplasma gondii has been reported to be the most common cause of focal brain lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). a case of intramedullary toxoplasmosis of the conus medullaris is reported in a patient with hemophilia a-associated aids. the diagnosis is discussed, with particular emphasis on the magnetic resonance imaging appearance. | 1990 | 2230980 |
| sulfadiazine crystalluria revisited. the treatment of toxoplasma encephalitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | toxoplasma gondii encephalitis is an important opportunistic infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, estimated to occur in 20,000 to 40,000 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the united states by 1991. the combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine is regarded as the treatment of choice. acute renal failure due to crystal deposition in the urinary tract was well described 30 to 40 years ago and is likely to resurface as a clinical entity if appropriate prophylact ... | 1990 | 2241449 |
| toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis and optic neuritis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. report of a case. | a 29-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) was found to have a retinochoroiditis and optic neuritis of his left eye. results of fundus examination showed inflammatory and hemorrhagic retinal lesions consistent with retinitis due to cytomegalovirus infection. a computed tomographic (ct) scan demonstrated enlargement of the optic nerve. the eye was enucleated and results of histopathologic examination showed retinal necrosis with underlying choroiditis and an optic neuritis. ... | 1990 | 2243685 |
| lesions of toxoplasmosis in australian marsupials. | this report describes toxoplasmosis lesions in australian marsupials. clinical signs, necropsy findings and histopathological changes are summarized for 43 macropods, two common wombats, two koalas, six possums, 15 dasyurids, two numbats, eight bandicoots and one bilby. animals either died suddenly without clinical signs or exhibited signs associated with respiratory, neurological or enteric disease. at necropsy, many marsupials had no visible lesions. where present, common necropsy findings inc ... | 1990 | 2246391 |
| identification of toxoplasma gondii in paraffin-embedded sections by the polymerase chain reaction. | we used the polymerase chain reaction to amplify dna fragments specific to toxoplasma gondii. the sensitivity of the technique allowed for the detection of as few as ten cultured t. gondii tachyzoites. we applied the same amplification technique to deparaffinized ocular sections from two cases of ocular toxoplasmosis. although toxoplasmic cysts could only be seen in one eye by optical microscopy, polymerase chain reaction allowed the identification of the parasite in both cases. our study indica ... | 1990 | 2248322 |
| ocular toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasmosis is a common infection of man and animals. the disease is widespread in nature and has a worldwide distribution. the infection is caused by the organism toxoplasma gondii which was first isolated by nicolle and manceaux in tunis from a north african rodent. the disease can be congenital or acquired with a variety of clinical manifestations that may range from a subclinical course to a generalized infection with fatal outcome. the ocular manifestations of the disease include sudden o ... | 1990 | 2249911 |
| conus medullaris syndrome resulting from toxoplasma gondii infection in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1990 | 2252050 |
| [pulmonary toxoplasmosis in aids. report of 3 cases]. | pulmonary toxoplasmosis in aids is rare. its frequency is estimated to be between 0.2 and 3.7% but is probably underestimated; however, it is lower than that of neurotoxoplasmosis and is rarely identified prior to autopsy. we describe herein 3 cases diagnosed in living patients. the clinical presentation is usually severe interstitial pneumonitis, occurring in profoundly immunodeficient patients. toxoplasma gondii, the infectious agent, must always be sought in the bronchoalveolar lavage of such ... | 1990 | 2256591 |
| [ocular toxoplasmosis in aids]. | since 1983, we have seen 11 cases of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in patients with aids. ocular toxoplasmosis appears to be a growing concern in aids: 3.3% in 1983, 6.1% in 1988 and 5.9% during the first trimester of 1989. anti-toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in the aqueous humour were not conclusive, therefore the diagnosis was based on ophthalmoscopic criteria and on a rapid response to specific therapy. as for brain toxoplasmosis, treatment must be continued indefinitely to prevent relapse ... | 1990 | 2256592 |