| different enhancement of senescence induced by metabolic products of alternaria alternata in tobacco leaves of different ages. | the purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms by which alternaria alternata damages tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) leaves. treatment with a. alternata metabolic products enhanced senescence in leaves of different ages, as indicated by the significant decrease in chlorophyll, soluble protein, photosynthetic o(2) evolution and catalase (cat, ec 1.11.1.6) activity as well as an increase in h(2)o(2) content. the induction of senescence by a. alternata metabolic products increased as the age o ... | 2010 | 19863754 |
| recognition of fungal protease activities induces cellular activation and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin release in human eosinophils. | eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and in immunity to certain organisms. associations between exposure to an environmental fungus, such as alternaria, and asthma have been recognized clinically. protease-activated receptors (pars) are g protein-coupled receptors that are cleaved and activated by serine proteases, but their roles in innate immunity remain unknown. we previously found that human eosinophils respond vigorously to alternaria organisms ... | 2009 | 19864598 |
| a combination of heat treatment and pichia guilliermondii prevents cherry tomato spoilage by fungi. | this study investigated the effectiveness of heat treatment and pichia guilliermondii, either alone or in combination, to combat postharvest fungal spoilage in cherry tomato fruit. in vitro experiments demonstrated that heat treatment at 38 degrees c significantly inhibited mycelial growth of three different pathogens (botrytis cinerea, alternaria alternata and rhizopus stolonifer ehrenb). in vivo experiments unveiled that either heat treatment or p. guilliermondii reduced decay caused by these ... | 2010 | 19923029 |
| characterization of a novel stilbene synthase promoter involved in pathogen- and stress-inducible expression from chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata. | stilbene synthase is a plant-specific polyketide synthase, and plays important roles in diverse metabolic processes. the genomic stilbene synthase gene was cloned from accession "baihe-35-1" of chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata, and a stilbene synthase of v. pseudoreticulata (vpsts) transcripts expressed in the grape-powdery mildew interaction were determined by semi-quantitative rt-pcr. to monitor vpsts expression in plant, the promoter region flanking the 5' vpsts coding region was isolated ... | 2010 | 19937257 |
| a g alpha subunit gene is essential for conidiation and potassium efflux but dispensable for pathogenicity of alternaria alternata on citrus. | heterotrimeric g proteins play a profound role in the recognition and transduction of extracellular signals in eukaryotic cells. we characterized the aag alpha1 gene, encoding a fungal class i g alpha subunit of the gtp-binding protein, in alternaria alternata of citrus. interruption of aag alpha1 with a marker gene resulted in fungal transformants producing fewer conidia, becoming hypersensitive to kcl, and displaying elevated lipolytic and pectolytic activities. expression of a functional copy ... | 2010 | 19949798 |
| inhibition of human gastric carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo by cladosporol isolated from the paclitaxel-producing strain alternaria alternata var. monosporus. | cladosporol was isolated from the fermentation broth of alternaria alternata var. monosporus obtained from the inner bark of the yew tree and mutated for many generations. we investigated the antitumor effects of cladosporol in vitro and in vivo. the growth-inhibitory effects of cladosporol in vitro against six human cancer cell lines were examined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (mtt) method. the results showed that cladosporol selectively killed cancer ce ... | 2009 | 19952432 |
| perylene derivatives produced by alternaria alternata, an endophytic fungus isolated from laurencia species. | two new perylene derivatives, 7-epi-8-hydroxyaltertoxin i (1) and 6-epi-stemphytriol (2), along with two known compounds stemphyperylenol (3) and altertoxin i (4) were isolated from alternaria alternata, a marine endophytic fungus derived from an unidentified algal species of the genus laurencia. structures of compounds 1-4 were determined on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, as well as by comparison with literature reports. the antimicrobial activities of compounds 1 and 3 against s ... | 2009 | 19967977 |
| [comparison of the activities of silver nitrate with those of three antifungal agents against ocular pathogenic fungi in vitro]. | to investigate antifungal activity of silver nitrate compared with fluconazole, ketoconazole and amphotericin b against ocular pathogenic fungi in vitro. | 2009 | 20021887 |
| chloroplastic oxidative burst induced by tenuazonic acid, a natural photosynthesis inhibitor, triggers cell necrosis in eupatorium adenophorum spreng. | tenuazonic acid (tea), a nonhost-specific phytotoxin produced by alternaria alternata, was determined to be a novel natural photosynthesis inhibitor owning several action sites in chloroplasts. to further elucidate the mode of its action, studies were conducted to assess the production and involvement of reactive oxygen species (ros) in the toxic activity of tea. a series of experiments indicated that tea treatment can induce chloroplast-derived ros generation including not only (1)o(2) but also ... | 2010 | 20026008 |
| the fus3 mapk signaling pathway of the citrus pathogen alternaria alternata functions independently or cooperatively with the fungal redox-responsive ap1 regulator for diverse developmental, physiological and pathogenic processes. | alternaria alternata, the fungus that causes citrus brown spot, invades its hosts primarily through the production and action of a host-selective act toxin that kills citrus cells prior to invasion. in this study, we show that, in the tangerine pathotype of a. alternata, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk)-mediated signaling pathway governs a number of biological functions, either separately or in a cooperative manner, with the aaap1 gene encoding a transcription regulator. the reported ma ... | 2010 | 20036749 |
| proteomic analysis of alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler responds to cos fumigation. | carbonyl sulfide (cos) is a new fumigant which has been a potential alternative to methyl bromide and phosphine in many applications. in this study, we investigated the fungitoxicity of cos towards the pathogen of pear black spot disease alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler (a. alternata). moreover, proteomic analysis and rt-pcr was performed and our results showed that during the fumigation, the regulation of 21 proteins in protein expression and mrna accumulation levels is involved, which respo ... | 2010 | 20036892 |
| microfungal alkylation and volatilization of selenium adsorbed by goethite. | selenium adsorbed in the oxyanionic form by fe-oxides like goethite is considered of benefit for long-term stabilization of (79)se under near field conditions of radionuclide waste disposal sites. however, microbe-mediated volatilization of the uranium fission product (79)se has not yet been considered for risk assessment based on the use of the water-solid distribution coefficient k(d). we have performed incubation experiments in a ternary system selenium-microbe-goethite and show that mycobiot ... | 2010 | 20039743 |
| role of the host-selective act-toxin synthesis gene actts2 encoding an enoyl-reductase in pathogenicity of the tangerine pathotype of alternaria alternata. | abstract the tangerine pathotype of alternaria alternata produces host-selective act-toxin and causes alternaria brown spot disease of tangerines and tangerine hybrids. sequence analysis of a genomic bac clone identified a previously uncharacterized portion of the act-toxin biosynthesis gene cluster (actt). a 1,034-bp gene encoding a putative enoyl-reductase was identified by using rapid amplification of cdna ends and polymerase chain reaction and designated actts2. genomic southern blots demons ... | 2010 | 20055645 |
| diversity of fungi in creosote-treated crosstie wastes and their resistance to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | this study was conducted to generate information regarding the diversity of fungi inhabiting creosote-treated wood in a storage yard for crosstie wastes in gwangmyeong, korea. additionally, the resistance to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) of indigenous fungi that mainly occupy creosote-treated wood was evaluated. we isolated fungi from the surface and inner area of crosstie wastes and identified them using a combination of traditional methods and molecular techniques. overall, 179 isola ... | 2010 | 20127413 |
| impact of water activity and temperature on growth and alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether production of alternaria alternata isolated from soybean. | the objective of this study was to determine the effect of water activity (a(w); 0.995, 0.98, 0.96, 0.94, 0.92, and 0.90), temperature (5, 18, 25, and 30 degrees c), incubation time (7 to 35 days), and their interactions on mycelial growth and alternariol (aoh) and alternariol monomethyl ether (ame) production. two alternaria alternata strains isolated from soybeans in argentina were grown on 2% soybean extract agar. maximum growth rates were obtained at the highest a(w) (0.995) and 25 degrees c ... | 2010 | 20132680 |
| resistance against various fungal pathogens and reniform nematode in transgenic cotton plants expressing arabidopsis npr1. | cotton is an economically important crop worldwide that suffers severe losses due to a wide range of fungal/bacterial pathogens and nematodes. given its susceptibility to various pathogens, it is important to obtain a broad-spectrum resistance in cotton. resistance to several fungal and bacterial diseases has been obtained by overexpressing the non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes-1 (npr1) in various plant species with apparently minimal or no pleiotropic effects. we examined the efficacy ... | 2010 | 20151323 |
| actts3 encoding a polyketide synthase is essential for the biosynthesis of act-toxin and pathogenicity in the tangerine pathotype of alternaria alternata. | the tangerine pathotype of alternaria alternata produces host-selective act-toxin and causes alternaria brown spot disease of tangerine and tangerine hybrids. sequence analysis of a genomic bac clone identified part of the act-toxin tox (actt) gene cluster, and knockout experiments have implicated several open reading frames (orf) contained within the cluster in the biosynthesis of act-toxin. one of the orf, designated actts3, encoding a putative polyketide synthase, was isolated by rapid amplif ... | 2010 | 20192828 |
| fungal keratitis in lattice dystrophy. | we report a case of fungal keratitis occurring in a patient with lattice dystrophy. a 57-year-old farmer presented with a corneal ulcer following probable entry of paddy husk in the right eye, of one month duration. corneal scraping revealed pigmented fungal filaments while culture grew alternaria alternata. treatment with 5% natamycin eye drops and 1% atropine healed the infection in four weeks. we would like to draw attention to the fact that the cornea in lattice dystrophy is prone to frequen ... | 2010 | 20195046 |
| control of postharvest decay on cherry tomatoes by marine yeast rhodosporidium paludigenum and calcium chloride. | in this study, the potential of calcium chloride (cacl(2)) application to improve the efficacy of the marine antagonist rhodosporidium paludigenum in controlling postharvest diseases of cherry tomatoes was assessed. | 2010 | 20202023 |
| synthesis of 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1h-pyrazol-5-amine derivatives as antimicrobial agents. | a series of novel substituted 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1h-pyrazol-5-amine benzamides 9(a-h) were synthesized to determine their antibacterial and antifungal activities as well as possible structure-activity relationships (sars) to improve therapeutic efficacy. the pyrazol-5-amine benzamides were screened for their antibacterial activity against standard strains of gram-positive (streptococcus pyogenes ncim 2608, staphylococcus aureus atcc 29737, bacillus subtilis ncim 2010) and gram-neg ... | 2010 | 20235748 |
| association of il-4ra single nucleotide polymorphisms, hla-dr and hla-dq in children with alternaria-sensitive moderate-severe asthma. | abstract: | 2010 | 20298583 |
| purification and characterization of a viral chitinase active against plant pathogens and herbivores from transgenic tobacco. | the autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus chitinase a (acmnpv chia) is a chitinolytic enzyme with fungicidal and insecticidal properties. its expression in transgenic plants enhances resistance against pests and fungal pathogens. we exploited tobacco for the production of a biologically active recombinant acmnpv chia (rchia), as such species is an alternative to traditional biological systems for large-scale enzyme production. the protein was purified from leaves using ammonium sulfate pre ... | 2010 | 20302895 |
| skin infection due to alternaria tenuis: with the report of a case. | | 1933 | 20319289 |
| oligomycins a and c, major secondary metabolites isolated from the newly isolated strain streptomyces diastaticus. | during the screening program for fungicides, one actinomycete strain eco 00047 was isolated with the potential activity against fungus. according to the morphology and analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna gene (1500 bp) this isolate was identified as streptomyces diastaticus. the active compounds were separated by silica gel column chromatography, sephadex lh-20 gel filtration and then purified by flash chromatography on c18 (20-45 microm). the chemical structure of the bioactive ... | 2010 | 20336498 |
| contribution of peroxisomes to secondary metabolism and pathogenicity in the fungal plant pathogen alternaria alternata. | the filamentous fungus alternaria alternata includes seven pathogenic variants (pathotypes) which produce different host-selective toxins and cause diseases on different plants. the japanese pear pathotype produces the host-selective ak-toxin, an epoxy-decatrienoic acid ester, and causes black spot of japanese pear. previously, we identified four genes, akt1, akt2, akt3, and aktr, involved in ak toxin biosynthesis. akt1, akt2, and akt3 encode enzyme proteins with peroxisomal targeting signal typ ... | 2010 | 20348386 |
| ulocladium cantlous sp. nov. isolated from northwestern china: its morphology and molecular phylogenetic position. | a new species of ulocladium was isolated from diseased leaves from two cucumis sp. growing in sinkiang and gansu provinces of china. conidia were isolated from necrotic leaves and used to establish single-spore pure cultures. conidia were harvested from cultures 7 d after incubation for morphological comparisons. the morphology of this species resembles that of u. botrytis and u. consortiale. however it is distinguished from these two species by the sizes of obovoid to broadly ellipsoidal conidi ... | 2010 | 20361504 |
| isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of chelidonium majus l. | the aim of this study was to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from stems of chelidonium majus l. (greater celandine) and to evaluate their antifungal properties. in total, 34 bacterial endophyte strains were isolated. the fungistatic effects of these bacteria on the growth of five moulds (alternaria alternata, chaetonium sp., paecilomyces variotti, byssochlamys fulva, aureobasidium pullulans) and one species of black yeast (exophiala mesophila) were tested. the majority of the bacterial ... | 2009 | 20380146 |
| [activity of butenafine against ocular pathogenic filamentous fungi in vitro]. | to investigate antifungal activity of butenafine in comparison with that of natamycin, amphotericin b and fluconazole against ocular pathogenic filmentous fungi in vitro. | 2010 | 20388321 |
| microbial community on healthy and diseased leaves of an invasive plant eupatorium adenophorum in southwest china. | invasive plants have caused great economic losses and environmental problems worldwide. eupatorium adenophorum is one of the most invasive weeds in china. to better understand its invasive mechanisms, in the present paper, the microbial communities of healthy and diseased leaves of e. adenophorum were obtained using both culture-independent and -dependent methods and their diversities were compared. the bacteria obtained from culture-independent method belong to proteobacteria (95.8%), actinobac ... | 2010 | 20437143 |
| [mycobiota of quercus robur l. from the oak forest in the zhytomyr region]. | different organs of 155 samples of conditionally healthy and sick oaks were examined for mycological contamination. the isolated microscopic fungi belonged to 129 species of different taxonomic groups. the pathogenic complex was represented by 30 fungi species, however most of these species were isolated in single cases. roots, wood, bast and bark were not affected by the phytopathogenic fungi species that can cause the death of the trees. mycobiota of branches and sprouts was similar to that of ... | 2009 | 20458934 |
| elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations amplify alternaria alternata sporulation and total antigen production. | although the effect of elevated carbon dioxide (co2) concentration on pollen production has been established in some plant species, impacts on fungal sporulation and antigen production have not been elucidated. | 2010 | 20462828 |
| active paraffin-based paper packaging for extending the shelf life of cherry tomatoes. | a new active paraffin coating for paper and board was evaluated for antimicrobial protection and decay retardation for cherry tomatoes. different active agents were evaluated against alternaria alternata fungus both in vitro and in vivo using artificially inoculated cherry tomatoes. bark cinnamon and oregano essential oil showed the best performance (versus clove and leaf cinnamon essential oils) when incorporated to active paper or board used for packaging at nominal concentrations of 3 and 6% ... | 2010 | 20476770 |
| [fungal allergy among art conservators: prevalence, risk factors and clinical symptoms]. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypersensitivity to fungi among art conservators and museum workers. | 2010 | 20509551 |
| alteration in lignin biosynthesis restricts growth of fusarium spp. in brown midrib sorghum. | to improve sorghum for bioenergy and forage uses, brown midrib (bmr)6 and -12 near-isogenic genotypes were developed in different sorghum backgrounds. the bmr6 and bmr12 grain had significantly reduced colonization by members of the gibberella fujikuroi species complex compared with the wild type, as detected on two semiselective media. fusarium spp. were identified using sequence analysis of a portion of the translation elongation factor (tef) 1-alpha gene. the pathogens fusarium thapsinum, f. ... | 2010 | 20528185 |
| evaluation of fungal and yeast diversity in slovakian wine-related microbial communities. | since the yeast flora of slovakian enology has not previously been investigated by culture-independent methods, this approach was applied to two most common cultivars frankovka (red wine) and veltlin (white wine), and complemented by cultivation. model samples included grapes, initial must, middle fermenting must and must in the end-fermentation phase. the cultured isolates were characterized by length polymorphism of rdna spacer two region using fluorescence pcr and capillary electrophoresis (f ... | 2010 | 20556654 |
| geographical variations in the prevalence of atopic sensitization in six study sites across canada. | geographical variations in atopic sensitization in canada have not been described previously. this study used the standardized protocol of the european community respiratory health survey-1 (ecrhs-1) to investigate the distribution and predictors of atopic sensitization in six sites across canada and to compare the results with some ecrhs-1 centers. | 2010 | 20557300 |
| cytological and molecular analyses of non-host resistance of arabidopsis thaliana to alternaria alternata. | summary when challenged with the necrotrophic fungal pathogen alternaria alternata japanese pear pathotype, all tested ecotypes of arabidopsis plants failed to show hypersensitive cell death, accumulation of detectable levels of reactive oxygen species or accumulation of phytoalexin. we operationally define a. alternata as a non-host pathogen for arabidopsis plants and show that the protection against a. alternata demonstrated in this study is a non-host penetration resistance. to characterize n ... | 2005 | 20565684 |
| characterization of alternaria alternata glucanase genes expressed during infection of resistant and susceptible persimmon fruits. | summary preharvest treatment with gibberellic acid (ga(3)) or its inhibitor paclobutrazol (pbz) can reduce or increase, respectively, the susceptibility of persimmon fruits to alternaria alternata. this was suggested to be the result of the ability of the fungus and produced endoglucanases to induce symptom development. to evaluate the importance of glucanases during a. alternata attack, five glucanase genes, corresponding to the c, f, and k families, were cloned from a. alternata using 'family- ... | 2002 | 20569342 |
| molecular, ecological and evolutionary approaches to understanding alternaria diseases of citrus. | summary alternaria fungi cause four different diseases of citrus: alternaria brown spot of tangerines, alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon, alternaria black rot of several citrus fruits and mancha foliar of mexican lime. the first three diseases are caused by the small-spored species, alternaria alternata and the causal agents can only be differentiated using pathogenicity tests, toxin assays or genetic markers. mancha foliar is caused by the morphologically distinct, large-spored species a. lim ... | 2003 | 20569403 |
| specialized and shared functions of the histidine kinase- and hog1 map kinase-mediated signaling pathways in alternaria alternata, a filamentous fungal pathogen of citrus. | signal transduction pathways are critical for the coordination of complex cellular processes in cells. in alternaria alternata, a necrotrophic fungal pathogen of citrus, cloning and characterization of a gene coding a group iii histidine kinase (aahsk1) and the yeast hog1 ortholog (aahog1) showed the two genes to operate, both uniquely and synergistically, in a number of physiological and pathological functions. systemic loss-of-function genetics in a. alternata revealed that aahsk1 is a primary ... | 2010 | 20601043 |
| tritirachium egenum, a thiamine- and siderophore-auxotrophic fungal species isolated from a penicillium rugulosum. | tritirachium egenum sp. nov., a biotrophic mycosymbiont, was found growing in association with a penicillium rugulosum. this new species was unable to grow in axenic culture on traditional semi-synthetic culture media unless the growth medium was supplemented with a fraction of the culture filtrate of its host. the hot water extract of alternaria alternata, containing the 'growth factor' of several contact mycosymbionts (biotrophic contact mycoparasites) also supported the growth of t. egenum. s ... | 2010 | 20618858 |
| identification of a novel npr1-like gene from nicotiana glutinosa and its role in resistance to fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens. | the npr1 or npr1-like genes play a pivotal role in systemic acquired resistance in plants. here, we isolated and identified a novel tobacco (nicotiana glutinosa) npr1-like gene (designated as ngnpr3). the full-length cdna is 2049 bp in length with a 1767 bp open reading frame which encodes a 588 amino acids protein with an estimated molecular mass of 66 kda and a calculated pi of 7.14. homology analysis suggested that the ngnpr3 protein shares significant similarity to atnpr3 of arabidopsis. tra ... | 2010 | 20653885 |
| water activity and temperature effects on mycotoxin production by alternaria alternata on a synthetic tomato medium. | alternaria spp. have been reported to be the most frequent fungal species invading tomatoes. certain species, in particular the most common one, a. alternata, are capable of producing several mycotoxins in infected plants and in agricultural commodities. alternariol (aoh), alternariol monomethyl ether (ame), and tenuazonic acid (ta) are some of the main alternaria mycotoxins that can be found as contaminants of food. the objective of this study was to determine the effect of water activity (a(w) ... | 2010 | 20688408 |
| inhibitory effects of antioxidant reagent in reactive oxygen species generation and penetration of appressoria of alternaria alternata japanese pear pathotype. | in the japanese pear pathotype of alternaria alternata, h2o2 is generated solely from penetration pegs and not from other portions of subcuticular hyphae within the pectin layers of host leaves. a close association between h2o2 generation and fungal aggressiveness is expected because the pegs are important for fungal penetration into the host epidermis. to determine the potential role of reactive oxygen species in microbial pathogenicity, we studied the inhibitory effects of the antioxidant reag ... | 2010 | 20701480 |
| synthesis and antifungal activities of some 2,6-bis-(un)substituted phenoxymethylpyridines. | several 2,6-bis-(un)substituted phenoxymethylpyridines were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against fusarium graminearum, helminthosporium sorokinianum, alternaria brassicae, alternaria alternata, and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. among all derivatives, compound 3a exhibited a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against the five phytopathogenic fungi. | 2010 | 20737909 |
| antifungal activities of some indole derivatives. | nine indole derivatives were evaluated in vitro against fusarium graminearum, alternaria alternata, helminthosporium sorokinianum, pyricularia oryzae, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumarinum, and alternaria brassicae. most of the compounds were found to possess antifungal activities. especially compounds 2, 5, 8, and 9 exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activities against the above-mentioned seven phytopathogenic fungi, and showed more potent activities than ... | 2010 | 20737910 |
| microbial volatile emissions promote accumulation of exceptionally high levels of starch in leaves in mono- and dicotyledonous plants. | microbes emit volatile compounds that affect plant growth and development. however, little or nothing is known about how microbial emissions may affect primary carbohydrate metabolism in plants. in this work we explored the effect on leaf starch metabolism of volatiles released from different microbial species ranging from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to fungi. surprisingly, we found that all microbial species tested (including plant pathogens and species not normally interacting wit ... | 2010 | 20739303 |
| differential expression profiles of alternaria alternate genes in response to carbonyl sulfide fumigation. | carbonyl sulfide (cos) is a new fumigant used in phytosanitary treatments. it was developed as a potential alternative to methyl bromide, which is being phased out because of its ozone-depletion properties. to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms occurring in fungal pathogens in response to cos fumigation, we cloned 510 cdna fragments of alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler genes that are differentially expressed; these genes were cloned using suppression subtractive hybridization. ch ... | 2010 | 20799090 |
| alpha-amylase production by toxigenic fungi. | this study is concerned with the screening of alternaria alternata (fr.) keissler and alternaria tenuissima (kunze ex pers.) wilts strains for the biosynthesis of alpha-amylases. nine strains of a. alternata and three strains of a. tenuissima were grown on enzyme production medium (epm) and potato dextrose agar (pda) using three ph levels (4.5-6.5); then the selected strains, able to produce bigger zones of starch hydrolysis on solid media, were subjected the testing of their amylolytic efficacy ... | 2010 | 20812132 |
| cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in renal allograft recipients: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. | dematiaceous molds are increasingly recognized as important human pathogens. we report 2 cases of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in renal allograft recipients, caused by alternaria alternata and curvularia spp., respectively, which demonstrate the diversity in clinical presentation, the different therapeutic strategies, and the clinical importance of azole antifungal-induced drug-drug interactions with immunosuppressive therapy. | 2010 | 20846592 |
| synthesis of new 1,2,4-triazole[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles bearing pyrazole as potent antimicrobial agents. | a new series of 6-(aryl/heteryl)-3-(5-methyl-1-phenyl-1h-4-pyrazolyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles (7a-j) has been synthesized by the reaction of 4-amino-5-(5-methyl-1-phenyl-1h-4-pyrazolyl)-4h-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl-hydrosulfide (6) with pocl(3) and the corresponding aryl/heteryl carboxylic acid, in ethanol at reflux temperature for 12 h. all the synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro activities against certain strains of bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis ... | 2010 | 20930399 |
| characterization of the programmed cell death induced by metabolic products of alternaria alternata in tobacco by-2 cells. | alternaria alternata has received considerable attention in current literature and most of the studies are focused on its pathogenic effects on plant chloroplasts, but little is known about the characteristics of programmed cell death (pcd) induced by metabolic products (mp) of a. alternata, the effects of the mp on mitochondrial respiration and its relation to pcd. the purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of mp-induced pcd in non-green tobacco by-2 cells and to explore the role of ... | 2010 | 20946348 |
| cellular responses required for oxidative stress tolerance, colonization, and lesion formation by the necrotrophic fungus alternaria alternata in citrus. | the pathogenic capability of the tangerine pathotype of alternaria alternata relies on the production of host-selective act toxin. inoculation of a. alternata in leaves of the citrus quickly induced rapid lipid peroxidation, accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)), and cell death, indicative of host defensive response. we previously demonstrated an essential role of the a. alternata aaap1 gene, encoding a redox-responsive yap1-like transcription factor, to contribute to fungal pathogenicity ... | 2010 | 20978890 |
| efficacy of sublingual specific immunotherapy in patients with respiratory allergy to alternaria alternata: a randomised, assessor-blinded, patient-reported outcome, controlled 3-year trial. | alternaria alternata (aa) sensitisation is a common cause of respiratory allergies such as rhinitis and asthma. so far there are no controlled double-blind trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of specific sublingual immunotherapy (slit) in aa allergies. | 2010 | 21050060 |
| enhanced resistance to fungal pathogens in transgenic populus tomentosa carr. by overexpression of an nsltp-like antimicrobial protein gene from motherwort (leonurus japonicus). | the antimicrobial protein gene ljamp2 is a plant non-specific lipid transfer protein from motherwort (leonurus japonicus). in this study, it was introduced into chinese white poplar (populus tomentosa carr.) via agrobacterium-mediated transformation with neomycin phosphotransferase ii gene conferring kanamycin resistance as selectable marker. a total of 16 poplar lines were obtained, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis established the stable integration of transgenes in the plant genome ... | 2010 | 21084346 |
| in vivo confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography in a case of alternaria keratitis. | to report a case of alternaria alternata keratitis analyzed with in vivo confocal microscopy (ivcm) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (oct). | 2011 | 21099420 |
| antifungal activity of flavonoids isolated from mango (mangifera indica l.) leaves. | five flavonoids, namely (-)-epicatechin-3-o-β-glucopyranoside (1), 5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxylphenyl)pyrano[3,2-g]chromene-4(8h)-one (2), 6-(p-hydroxybenzyl)taxifolin-7-o-β-d-glucoside (tricuspid) (3), quercetin-3-o-α-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (4) and (-)-epicatechin(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromene-3,5,7-triol (5), were isolated from the leaves of mango (mangifera indica l.). antifungal activity of these compounds was evaluated against five fungal species, namely alt ... | 2010 | 21108117 |
| changes in the leaf proteome profile of mentha arvensis in response to alternaria alternata infection. | plant pathogenic fungi cause important yield losses in crops. a proteomic approach was used to study the changes in the leaf proteome profile of the plant mentha arvensis infected with a necrotrophic fungus, alternaria alternata. high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) followed by colloidal coomassie staining and mass spectrometric analysis was used to identify highly abundant proteins differentially expressed in response to fungal infection. from a total of 210 reproducibly d ... | 2010 | 21111074 |
| conidiogenic effects of mannose-binding lectins isolated from cotyledons of red kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris) on alternaria alternata. | effect of proteinaceous extracts from red kidney bean cotyledons on mycelium of alternaria alternata growing on potato dextrose agar (pda) plates was investigated. unexpectedly, conidia formation was induced in response to applied crude extracts. a pda disc method was developed to quantify conidia formed. a purified fraction retaining conidiation inducing effect (cie) was obtained following several protein purification procedures including the last step of eluting bound proteins from an affi-gel ... | 2010 | 21112064 |
| [xylanase activity of phytopathogenic and endophytic strains of ceratocystis sp]. | a comparative analysis of xylanase activity of 36 phytopathogenic and endophytic ceratocystis sp. strains was conducted. the rate of their linear growth on the medium with xylan was studied. the rate of linear growth of phytopathogenic strains was 0.003-0.004 mm/h that was almost 70 times less than in endophytic ones. there were no correlation between levels of xylanase activity of studied strains and rates of their linear growth. xylanase activity ofendophytic ceratocystis sp. strains varied fr ... | 2010 | 21117291 |
| a suggested model for potato mivoisap involving functions of central carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, as well as actin cytoskeleton and endocytosis. | we have recently found that microbial species ranging from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to different fungi emit volatiles that strongly promote starch accumulation in leaves of both mono- and di-cotyledonous plants. transcriptome and enzyme activity analyses of potato leaves exposed to volatiles emitted by alternaria alternata revealed that starch over-accumulation was accompanied by enhanced 3-phosphoglycerate to pi ratio, and changes in functions involved in both central carbohydra ... | 2010 | 21150257 |
| decorospora, a new genus for the marine ascomycete pleospora gaudefroyi. | in this paper, we investigate the phylogenetic placement of pleospora gaudefroyi using partial ssu as well as its ribosomal dna sequences. both ssu and its data sets agreed in the placement of p. gaudefroyi. parsimony and neighbor-joining analyses of each data set placed p. gaudefroyi within the pleosporaceae with 100% bootstrap support. pleospora gaudefroyi was sister taxon in the pleosporaceae represented by alternaria alternata, cochliobolus sativus, pleospora herbarum, pyrenophora tritici-re ... | 2002 | 21156538 |
| nicotiana tabacum overexpressing γ-ecs exhibits biotic stress tolerance likely through npr1-dependent salicylic acid-mediated pathway. | the elaborate networks and the crosstalk of established signaling molecules like salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja), ethylene (et), abscisic acid (aba), reactive oxygen species (ros) and glutathione (gsh) play key role in plant defense response. to obtain further insight into the mechanism through which gsh is involved in this crosstalk to mitigate biotic stress, transgenic nicotiana tabacum overexpressing lycopersicon esculentum gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (leecs) gene (ntgb lines) w ... | 2011 | 21234598 |
| clinical evolution of patients with respiratory allergic disease due to sensitisation to alternaria alternata being treated with subcutaneous immunotherapy. | sensitisation to alternaria is a cause of respiratory disease in spain, particularly in childhood, but it is also a significant marker of the severity of this disease. therefore, the use of an aetiological treatment (allergen specific immunotherapy) is essential, and both subjective and objective clinical parameters should be used to follow up this treatment. | 2011 | 21236554 |
| diagnostic value of alt a 1, fungal enolase and manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase in the component-resolved diagnosis of allergy to pleosporaceae. | over the last decades, genomics and proteomics have contributed to the current knowledge of individualized allergenic components and their potential use in the diagnosis of ige-mediated allergies. recent investigations have demonstrated that alt a 1 should be considered as a relevant allergen of the pleosporaceae group and that enolase is the main allergen involved in the cross-reactivity to fungi. however, the real utility of these allergens as tools for the diagnosis of allergy to alternaria i ... | 2011 | 21255138 |
| differentially expressed cdnas in alternaria alternata treated with 2-propenyl isothiocyanate. | the molecular mechanism of the fungal tolerance phenotype to fungicides is not completely understood. this knowledge would allow for the development of environmentally friendly strategies for the control of fungal infection. with the goal of determining genes induced by 2p-itc, a forward suppressive subtractive hybridization was performed using cdnas from itc-treated alternaria alternata as a "tester" and from untreated fungus as a "driver." using this approach, a library containing 102 ests was ... | 2011 | 21257298 |
| efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for allergies to alternaria alternata in children. | the safety and efficacy of specific immunotherapy for mold allergy are not known in children and adolescents. | 2011 | 21281874 |
| alternaria alternata serine proteases induce lung inflammation and airway epithelial cell activation via par2. | allergens are diverse proteins from mammals, birds, arthropods, plants, and fungi. allergens associated with asthma (asthmagens) share a common protease activity that may directly impact respiratory epithelial biology and lead to symptoms of asthma. alternaria alternata is a strong asthmagen in semiarid regions. we examined the impact of proteases from a. alternata on lung inflammation in vivo and on cleaving protease-activated receptor-2 (par(2)) in vitro. a. alternata filtrate applied to the a ... | 2011 | 21296894 |
| primary subcutaneous alternaria alternata infection of the hand in an immunocompromised host. | we describe a case of a progressive subcutaneous alternaria alternata infection in the hand of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll). the diagnosis was based upon the examination of tissue biopsy and isolation of the etiologic agent in culture. the identity of the isolate was determined by phenotypic characteristics and by sequencing the its and d1/d2 regions of the rdna. despite combination therapy with voriconazole and micafungin, the lesion continued to progress. posaconazole ther ... | 2011 | 21299373 |
| environmental burkholderia cepacia strain cs5 acting by two analogous alkyl-quinolones and a didecyl-phthalate against a broad spectrum of phytopathogens fungi. | an environmental burkholderia cepacia strain named cs5 was isolated and identified first using api biochemical identification system and then with 16s rdna and reca sequence homology search. this bacterium exhibited a broad spectrum of fungicidal activities against alternaria alternata, aspergillus niger, fusarium culmorum, f. graminearum, f. oxysporum and rhizoctonia solani. in the liquid conditions, the mic of a. niger and r. solani were reached with, respectively, 1.25-2% of the cs5 liquid cu ... | 2011 | 21311886 |
| antifungal activity of some plant extracts on alternaria alternata, the causal agent of alternaria leaf spot of potato. | pure methanol (m) and methanol water (mw) extracts of 5 plants namely: peppermint, eucalyptus, lavandula, russian knapweed and datura were screened for their antifungal ability against alternaria alternata, the causal agent of alternaria leaf spot of potato at 5, 10 and 15% concentrations in vitro. fungicide mancozeb 0.2% was also used for better comparison. poisoned food technique and spore germination assay method were used to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of plant extracts. present finding ... | 2010 | 21313872 |
| sinomyces: a new genus of anamorphic pleosporaceae. | sinomyces gen. nov. is described for ulocladium alternariae and two new species from china. these three species differ from ulocladium in producing simple conidiophores with a single, cicatrized apical pore or 1 or 2 short, uniperforate, geniculate sympodial proliferations. phylogenetic analysis of partial dna sequences of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gpd) gene and a fragment of the alternaria alternata major allergen (alt a 1) gene, using maximum-parsimony (mp), maximum-li ... | 2010 | 21315316 |
| allergy-related outcomes in relation to serum ige: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2005-2006. | the national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes) 2005-2006 was the first population-based study to investigate levels of serum total and allergen-specific ige in the general us population. | 2011 | 21320720 |
| chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil from cicuta virosa l. var. latisecta celak. | the essential oil extracted from the fruits of cicuta virosa l. var. latisecta celak was tested in vitro and in vivo against four foodborne fungi, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, and alternaria alternata. forty-five different components accounting for 98.4% of the total oil composition were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the major components were γ-terpinene (40.92%), p-cymene (27.93%), and cumin aldehyde (21.20%). antifungal activity was tested by ... | 2011 | 21320730 |
| indoor air mycoflora of residential dwellings in jos metropolis. | the quality of air in the environment where one lives or works can have potential effects on human health. there are strong indications that in many parts of the world, our homes, schools and workplaces are heavily contaminated with air-borne molds and other biological contaminants. | 2010 | 21326971 |
| comparison in asthma and allergy prevalence in the two major cities in greece: the isaac phase ii survey. | background: variability in the prevalence of allergic diseases has been detected not only between different countries, but also between cities with similar national and different socio-economic or climatic characteristics. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood asthma and allergies and which factors are associated with them, in the two largest greek cities, athens and thessaloniki. methods: two thousand and twenty-three greek 9-10-year-old schoolchildren from athens ( ... | 2011 | 21342745 |
| the danger signal, extracellular atp, is a sensor for an airborne allergen and triggers il-33 release and innate th2-type responses. | the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation of innate and adaptive proallergic th2-type responses in the airways are not well understood. il-33 is a new member of the il-1 family of molecules that is implicated in th2-type responses. airway exposure of naive mice to a common environmental aeroallergen, the fungus alternaria alternata, induces rapid release of il-33 into the airway lumen, followed by innate th2-type responses. biologically active il-33 is constitutively stored in the nucle ... | 2011 | 21357533 |
| isotope fractionation of selenium during fungal biomethylation by alternaria alternata. | the natural abundance of stable se isotopes may reflect sources and formation conditions of methylated se. we aimed at (1) quantifying the degree of methylation of selenate [se(vi)] and (hydro)selenite [se(iv)] by the fungus alternaria alternata at ph 4 and 7 and (2) determining the effects of these different se sources and ph values on 82se/76se ratios (d82/76se) in methylselenides. alternaria alternata was incubated with se(vi) and se(iv) in closed microcosms for 11-15 days and additionally wi ... | 2011 | 21366259 |
| elevation of ige in children with sickle cell disease is associated with doctor diagnosis of asthma and increased morbidity. | a doctor's diagnosis of asthma is associated with increased morbidity (pain and acute chest syndrome [acs]) among children with sickle cell disease (scd). an association between ige levels and asthma and morbidity has not been investigated in children with scd. | 2011 | 21388662 |
| novel tandem biotransformation process for the biosynthesis of a novel compound, 4-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine-1)-4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin. | according to the structure of podophyllotoxin and its structure-function relationship, a novel tandem biotransformation process was developed for the directional modification of the podophyllotoxin structure to directionally synthesize a novel compound, 4-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine-1)-4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin (4-tmp-dmep). in this novel tandem biotransformation process, the starting substrate of podophyllotoxin was biotransformed into 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin (product 1) with the dem ... | 2011 | 21398491 |
| a novel antifungal peptide from foxtail millet seeds. | antifungal proteins (afp) help plants to combat phytopathogenic fungi and thus protect plants from the devastating damage caused by fungal infections and prevent massive economic losses. to date, several proteins with antibacterial and/or antifungal properties have been isolated and characterized from different plant species and tissues; however, there are no reports concerning the antifungal peptide from foxtail millet seeds. | 2011 | 21445868 |
| fungal spores from pleosporales in the atmosphere of urban and rural locations in portugal. | fungal spores are a significant fraction of the atmospheric bioparticles (bioaerosols) and many species are capable of inducing the production of specific immunoglobulin e (ige), aggravating the clinical symptoms of allergic respiratory diseases in sensitized individuals. the aim of this work was to evaluate the distribution of potentially allergenic pleosporales spores in two locations with different urbanization indexes, characterizing its seasonal pattern. the seasonal distribution of several ... | 2010 | 21491687 |
| the influence of different nitrogen and carbon sources on mycotoxin production in alternaria alternata. | the aim of this study was to determine the influence of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of the mycotoxins alternariol (aoh), alternariol monomethyl ether (ame) and tenuazonic acid (ta) by alternaria alternata at 28°c using a semi-synthetic medium (modified czapek-dox broth) supplemented with nitrogen and carbon sources. additionally the effect of shaken and static cultivation on mycotoxin production was tested. initial experiments showed a clear dependency between nitroge ... | 2011 | 21496935 |
| identification of allergens homologous to alt a 1 from stemphylium botryosum and ulocladium botrytis. | several studies have demonstrated that proteins homologous to the alt a 1 major allergen of alternaria alternata are expressed in other members of the pleosporaceae family. however, since no direct biochemical data have been reported concerning the presence of alt a 1 allergen homologues capable of binding ige in the excretion-secretion products of stemphylium and ulocladium, our objective was to explore their presence in stemphylium botryosum and ulocladium botrytis. s. botryosum and u. botryti ... | 2011 | 21504377 |
| expression pattern, genomic structure, and promoter analysis of the gene encoding stilbene synthase from chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata. | the gene encoding stilbene synthase (sts) plays a central role in many biochemical and physiological actions, and its metabolite resveratrol possesses broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens, as well as diverse pharmacological properties, notably an anticancer effect. here, we report the expression analysis of the gene encoding sts and its promoter function from a powdery mildew (pm)-resistant chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata, and compare it with two pm-susceptible cultivated grapevines, vitis ... | 2011 | 21504880 |
| characterization of rhizosphere bacteria for control of phytopathogenic fungi of tomato. | fluorescent pseudomonas spp., isolated from rhizosphere soil of tomato and pepper plants, were evaluated in vitro as potential antagonists of fungal pathogens. strains were characterized using the api 20ne biochemical system, and tested against the causal agents of stem canker and leaf blight (alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici), southern blight (sclerotium rolfsii sacc.), and root rot (fusarium solani). to this end, dual culture antagonism assays were carried out on 25% tryptic soy agar, k ... | 2011 | 21507555 |
| alternol exerts prostate-selective antitumor effects through modulations of the ampk signaling pathway. | background: alternol is an original compound purified from the fermentation products of alternaria alternata var. monosporus, a microorganism from the bark of the yew tree. it has been reported that alternol can inhibit proliferation of mouse leukemia cells and human gastric carcinoma cells, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alternol on prostate cancer cells in comparison to prostate cells. methods: the mtt assay was utilized to assess cell viability. cell cycle was analyze ... | 2011 | 21538425 |
| effects of oligochitosan on postharvest alternaria rot, storage quality, and defense responses in chinese jujube (zizyphus jujuba mill. cv. dongzao) fruit. | effects of oligochitosan (och) on postharvest rot caused by alternaria alternata in chinese jujube (zizyphus jujuba mill. cv. dongzao) fruit were investigated. an in vitro test indicated that mycelial growth of a. alternata was strongly suppressed by och at 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, or 20 g/liter. the half-inhibition concentration of och against this fungus was 0.76 and 1.69 g/liter on days 4 and 6 of incubation, respectively. lesion area and disease incidence in the jujube fruit inoculated with a. ... | 2011 | 21549049 |
| fungal communities in herbaceous medicinal plants from the malnad region, southern india. | fungal communities were isolated from surface sterilized leaf segments of nine ethnopharmaceutically important medicinal herbs collected from the bhadra river project area, the malnad region, southern india. a total of 2159 isolates belonging to 55 different fungal species were isolated from 3600 leaf segments collected during the wet and dry seasons. chaetomium globosum (7.3%), aureobasidium pullulans (6.1%), cladosporium cladosporioides (3.9%), curvularia lunata (1.9%), nigrospora oryzae (1.7% ... | 2008 | 21558683 |
| enhancing the stress tolerance and virulence of an entomopathogen by metabolic engineering dhn-melanin biosynthesis genes. | entomopathogenic fungi have been used for biocontrol of insect pests for many decades. however, the efficacy of such fungi in field trials is often inconsistent, mainly due to environmental stresses, such as ultraviolet radiation, temperature extremes, and desiccation. to circumvent these hurdles, metabolic engineering of dhn-melanin biosynthetic genes (polyketide synthase, scytalone dehydratase, and 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene reductase) cloned from alternaria alternata were transformed into th ... | 2011 | 21571888 |
| ghmpk16, a novel stress-responsive group d mapk gene from cotton, is involved in disease resistance and drought sensitivity. | abstract: background: mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades play pivotal roles in mediating biotic and abiotic stress responses. in plants, mapks are classified into four major groups (a-d) according to their sequence homology and conserved phosphorylation motifs. members of group a and b have been extensively explored, but little information on the group d mapks has been reported. results: in this study, we isolated and characterized ghmpk16, the first group d mapk gene found in cott ... | 2011 | 21575189 |
| infection of the sunagoke moss panels with fungal pathogens hampers sustainable greening in urban environments. | drought and heat tolerance of the sunagoke moss (racomitrium japonicum) and the low thermal conductivity of the dry moss tissue offer novel greening and insulation possibilities of roofs and walls to mitigate the heat island phenomenon in urban environments. however, damage may appear in the moss panels under humid conditions in japan. in this study we characterized fungi associated with the damaged areas of the sunagoke moss panels. fungi were identified by morphology and internal transcribed s ... | 2011 | 21624641 |
| hidden diversity of endophytic fungi in an invasive plant. | fungal endophytes are important in plant ecology and common in plants. we attempted to test cointroduction and host-jumping hypotheses on a community basis by comparing endophytes isolated from invasive spotted knapweed (centaurea stoebe, asteraceae) in its native and invaded ranges. of 92 combined, sequence-based haplotypes representing eight classes of fungi, 78 occurred in only one of the two ranges. in the native range of c. stoebe, one haplotype of alternaria alternata was clearly dominant, ... | 2008 | 21632429 |
| plant extracts to control alternaria alternata in murcott tangor fruits. | background: alternaria alternata causes the alternaria brown spot disease (abs) in many tangerines and their hybrids worldwide. plant extracts offers an alternative method for controlling this disease, which control is based on chemical fungicides. objective: to identify plant species with antifungal properties against a. alternata, the causal agent of the abs. methods: plant extracts prepared from leaves, barks, flowers, and stalks collected from 105 plant species in the state of minas gerais, ... | 2011 | 21635961 |
| human lysozyme has fungicidal activity against nasal fungi. | background: the cationic antimicrobial peptide lysozyme is the most prevalent innate immune protein in nasal secretions but there is a paucity of research regarding its role in paranasal sinus disease. lysozyme is generally regarded as an antibacterial agent; however, some data suggest activity toward yeast. this study was designed to determine if lysozyme displays fungicidal activity toward fungi commonly identified in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) orfungal sinusitis.methods: using ... | 2011 | 21639997 |
| human eosinophil innate response to alternaria fungus through protease-activated receptor-2. | eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. an association between eosinophilic inflammation and infection or colonization by fungi has also been long recognized. however, the mechanisms underlying how eosinophils are activated and how they release proinflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators such as major basic protein (mbp) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin remain largely unknown. we used a fungus, i.e. alternaria, as a model microbe releva ... | 2011 | 21646807 |
| microbial volatiles induced accumulation of exceptionally high levels of starch in arabidopsis leaves involves a photocontrolled process wherein starch synthases class iii and iv and ntrc-mediated changes in redox status of plastidial enzymes play important roles. | microbial volatiles promote the accumulation of exceptionally high levels of starch in leaves (ezquer et al., 2010). time-course analyses of starch accumulation in arabidopsis leaves exposed to fungal volatiles (fvs) emitted by alternaria alternata revealed that microbial volatiles induced starch accumulation process (mivoisap) is due to stimulation of starch biosynthesis during illumination. the increase of starch content in illuminated leaves of fvs-treated hy1/cry1, hy1/cry2 and hy1/cry1/cry2 ... | 2011 | 21649509 |
| bio-control and plant growth promotion potential of siderophore producing endophytic streptomyces from azadirachta indica a. juss. | three endophytic actinomycetes strains recovered from surface sterilized root tissues of azadirachta indica a. juss. (meliaceae), plants were selected through tests for their potential as bio-control and plant growth promoting agents. it was also observed that the seed treated with the spore suspension of three selected strains of streptomyces, significantly promoted plant growth and antagonized the growth of alternaria alternata, causal agent of early blight disease in tomato plant. it was obse ... | 2011 | 21656792 |
| effects of gamma radiation on fungi infected rice (in vitro). | abstract purpose: this work focuses on the effect of gamma radiation on seed born fungi (in vitro) on oryza sativa (swarna, initial evaluation trial-5656). materials and methods: the responses of fungi to gamma radiation (0-4.2 kgy; 0.12 kgy/h) were studied in individual cultures of major seed-borne fungi including alternaria alternata, aspergillus flavus, trichoderma viride and curvularia geniculata. results: the inactivation of individual fungal-viability was noted between 1.0-2.0 kgy for a. a ... | 2011 | 21781005 |
| quantification of the aspergillus versicolor allergen in house dust. | aspergillus versicolor, a fungus commonly found on damp building materials, produces the allergen, asp v 13. here we report a sensitive asp v 13 capture elisa for a. versicolor spores and spore- and mycelial fragments in house dust samples. the method is based on a double polyclonal capture elsia. the detection limits for asp v 13 antigen and a. versicolor spores without dust were 2.44pg and 12ng (ca. 110 spores). detection limits for asp v 13 and a. versicolor spores in sieved house dust sample ... | 2011 | 21763696 |