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assessment of citrate concentrations in citrus fruit-based juices and beverages: implications for management of hypocitraturic nephrolithiasis.dietary intake of citrate in the form of citrus juices (eg, lemonade, orange juice) will enhance urinary citrate excretion, a valuable benefit for patients with hypocitraturic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. while information on citrate concentrations in select citrus juices is available, data on citrate concentrations of commercially available beverages (juice and otherwise) are limited. using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1h nmr), we report citrate concentrations of several beverag ...200818578663
a novel agricultural waste adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye from aqueous solutions.in this paper, pineapple stem (ps) waste, an agricultural waste available in large quantity in malaysia, was utilized as low-cost adsorbent to remove basic dye (methylene blue, mb) from aqueous solution by adsorption. batch mode experiments were conducted at 30 degrees c to study the effects of initial concentration of methylene blue, contact time and ph on dye adsorption. equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetic were investigated. the experimental data were analyzed by the langmuir and freu ...200918573607
crystal structures of saturn-like c50cl10 and pineapple-shaped c64cl4: geometric implications of double- and triple-pentagon-fused chlorofullerenes. 200818548468
ultrasound as pre-treatment for drying of pineapple.dehydration of fruits is an alternative to reduce post-harvest loss of fruits and also a process to produce dried fruits, which can be directly consumed or become part of foodstuffs like cakes, pastries and many others. the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment and ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration, before air-drying, on dehydration of pineapple (ananas comosus) was investigated. this study allowed estimating the water diffusivity in the air-drying process for pineapples submitted to ultrasou ...200818462985
malate metabolism in hoya carnosa mitochondria and its role in photosynthesis during cam phase iii.this study investigated the respiratory properties and the role of the mitochondria isolated from one phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck)-cam plant, hoya carnosa, in malate metabolism during cam phase iii. the mitochondria showed high malate dehydrogenase (mmdh) and aspartate amino transferase (mast), and a significant amount of malic enzyme (mme) activities. h. carnosa readily oxidized malate via mme and mmdh in the presence of some cofactors such as thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp), coenzyme a ...200818403382
movement of bromacil in a hawaii soil under pineapple cultivation - a field study.recent discovery of low concentrations of bromacil in drinking water prompted the state of hawaii to examine the leaching behavior of bromacil in pineapple fields. this study is a follow up to earlier work on bromacil concentrations in soil profiles in a pineapple field in central oahu, hawaii. soil samples were collected for bromacil analysis at different times prior to and after application from a pineapple field that was previously surveyed by other research workers. the leaching pattern of b ...200818374966
glycemic index of common malaysian fruits.the objective of the present study was to measure the glycemic index of durian, papaya, pineapple and water-melon grown in malaysia. ten (10) healthy volunteers (5 females, 5 males; body mass index 21.18+/-1.7 kg/m2) consumed 50 g of available carbohydrate portions of glucose (reference food) and four test foods (durian, papaya, pineapple and watermelon) in random order after an overnight fast. glucose was tested on three separate occasions, and the test foods were each tested once. postprandial ...200818364324
effect of ionizing radiation on furan formation in fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.furan, a possible carcinogen, is commonly induced by thermal processing in a wide variety of foods. the possible formation of furan from fresh-cut fruits and vegetables due to irradiation was studied. nineteen fresh-cut fruits and vegetables were irradiated by 5 kgy gamma rays at 4 degrees c. furan was analyzed from the irradiated samples using a number of preparation methods. the results showed that almost all tested fruits and vegetables, upon irradiation, produced nondetectable levels, or les ...200818298720
enzymatic necrolysis of acute deep burns--report of preliminary results with 22 patients.enzymatic debridement by the use of a proteolytic enzyme complex derived, isolated and purified from pineapple stems proves to be an innovative, rapid, effective, selective and safe method of postburn necrotic skin removal. the major advantages of the procedure include minimal invasivity, rapidity, effectiveness, possibility to perform the debridement at the bedside, minimal or no loss of blood and minimal interference with natural wound healing processes. our preliminary experience with this tr ...200819408486
perceptual processing strategy and exposure influence the perception of odor mixtures.in flavor perception, both experience with the components of odor/taste mixtures and the cognitive strategy used to examine the interactions between the components influence the overall mixture perception. however, the effect of these factors on odor mixtures perception has never been studied. the present study aimed at evaluating whether 1) previous exposure to the odorants included in a mixture or 2) the synthetic or analytic strategy engaged during odorants mixture evaluation determines odor ...200818071197
[pineapple juice as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography].the quality of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (mrcp) images is frequently degraded by high signal from the gastrointestinal tract on heavily t2w images. the purpose of this study is to evaluate pineapple juice (pj) as an oral negative contrast agent in mrcp.200718065928
a comparison of nutrient density scores for 100% fruit juices.the 2005 dietary guidelines for americans recommend that consumers choose a variety of nutrient-dense foods. nutrient density is usually defined as the quantity of nutrients per calorie. food and nutrition professionals should be aware of the concept of nutrient density, how it might be quantified, and its potential application in food labeling and dietary guidance. this article presents the concept of a nutrient density score and compares nutrient density scores for various 100% fruit juices. o ...200717995788
quantification of selected aroma-active compounds in strawberries by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography and correlation with sensory descriptive analysis.selected aroma-active compounds in strawberries were quantified using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography. ten strawberry cultivars grown in california and oregon were studied. the standard curves were built in a synthetic matrix and quantification was achieved using multiple internal standards. odor activity values (oavs) of the aroma compounds were calculated to understand their contribution to the overall aroma. although the concentrations of the aroma compounds varie ...200717995662
use of reverse micellar systems for the extraction and purification of bromelain from pineapple wastes.reverse micellar systems of ctab/isooctane/hexanol/butanol and aot/isooctane are used for the extraction and primary purification of bromelain from crude aqueous extract of pineapple wastes (core, peel, crown and extended stem). the effect of forward as well as back extraction process parameters on the extraction efficiency, activity recovery and purification fold is studied in detail for the pineapple core extract. the optimized conditions for the extraction from core resulted in forward and ba ...200817964777
heavy metals removal from contaminated sewage sludge by naturally fermented raw liquid from pineapple wastes.the large amount of unutilised pineapple wastes produced every year in tropical countries, particularly in thailand, adds to the existing environmental pollution problems of the country. this study investigated the utilisation of pineapple wastes to treat another form of waste (sludge) from wastewater treatment facilities in thailand. laboratory scale studies were carried out to determine the potential of using naturally fermented raw liquid from pineapple wastes as a source of citric acid in th ...200717951878
bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems.livestock and aquaculture production is under political and social pressure, especially in the european union (eu), to decrease pollution and environmental damage arising due to animal agriculture. the eu has banned the use of antibiotics and other chemicals, which have been shown to be effective in promoting growth and reducing environment pollutants because of the risk caused to humans by chemical residues in food and by antibiotic resistance being passed on to human pathogens. as a result of ...200722444893
characterization of active phenolic components in the ethanolic extract of ananas comosus l. leaves using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry.hplc-dad-ms was utilized to investigate the phytochemical constituents in ethanolic extract of ananas comosus l. leaves (eeacl) responsible for antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidative effects. eight phenylpropane diglycerides, together with two hydroxycinnamic acids, three hydroxycinnamoyl quinic acids, four phenylpropane monoglycerides, three flavones and six phenylpropanoid glycosides were detected, and their proposed structures were elucidated based on hplc retention time, uv and m ...200717698075
role of bromelain in the treatment of patients with pityriasis lichenoides chronica.pityriasis lichenoides chronica (plc) is a skin disease of unknown etiology. uncertainty about the etiopathogenesis of this skin disease is the reason for the unpredictable and non optimal efficacy of therapies available for its treatment. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of bromelain, a crude aqueous extract of the stems and immature fruit of pineapple, in the treatment of plc.200717671882
determination of neutral carbohydrates by cze with direct uv detection.a new cze method relying on in-capillary reaction and direct uv detection at the wavelength 270 nm is presented for the simultaneous separation of the neutral carbohydrates xylitol, d-(-)-mannitol, sucrose, d-(+)-fucose, d-(+)-cellobiose, d-(+)-galactose, d-(+)-glucose, l-rhamnose, d-(+)-mannose, d-(-)-arabinose, d-(+)-xylose, and d-(-)-ribose. the alkaline electrolyte solution was prepared of 130 mm sodium hydroxide and 36 mm disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate. separation of the sample mixtu ...200717661315
[determination of 1, 3-o-dicaffeoylglycerides from leaves of pineapple by hplc].to establish a hplc method for a new compound 1,3-o-dicaffeoylglycerides determination.200717639981
enhanced separation of membranes during free flow zonal electrophoresis in plants.free flow zonal electrophoresis (ffze) is a versatile technique that allows for the separation of cells, organelles, membranes, and proteins based on net surface charge during laminar flow through a thin aqueous layer. we have been optimizing the ffze technique to enhance separation of plant vacuolar membranes (tonoplast) from other endomembranes to pursue a directed proteomics approach to identify novel tonoplast transporters. addition of atp to a mixture of endomembranes selectively enhanced e ...200717566980
cytokinins and auxin communicate nitrogen availability as long-distance signal molecules in pineapple (ananas comosus).this work aimed at identifying a possible role of phytohormones in long-distance (root-shoot) signaling under nitrogen deficiency. three-months old pineapple plants were transferred from murashige and skoog (ms) medium to nitrogen-free ms (-n). during the first 24h on -n, 20 plants were harvested every 4h. after 30 days in -n, the remaining plants were transferred back to regular ms (+n) and 20 plants harvested every 4h for the first 24h. following the harvests, endogenous levels of nitrate (no( ...200717566606
design and development of batch type acetifier for wine-vinegar production.a batch type acetifier based on the principal of acetic acid fermentation was designed and tested for production of wine-vinegar from the pineapple peel waste. the pineapple peels along with starter solution was fed to the inner ss perforated peel-solid separator tank 130 mm dia having perforations of 50 mm size. the concentric perforated peel-solid separator circular tank was fitted inside the collecting tank having 255 mm dia. the pineapple peels and starter solution in perforated peel-solid s ...200723100658
[new cerebroside from leaves of pineapple].to study the chemical constituents of the leaves of pineapple.200717511144
pineapple juice and its fractions in enzymatic browning inhibition of banana [musa (aaa group) gros michel].the effectiveness of pineapple juice in enzymatic browning inhibition was evaluated on the cut surface of banana slices. after storage of banana slices at 15 degrees c for 3 days, pineapple juice showed browning inhibition to a similar extent as 8 mm ascorbic acid but less than 4 mm sodium metabisulfite. fractionation of pineapple juice by a solid-phase c18 cartridge revealed that the directly eluted fraction (de fraction) inhibited banana polyphenol oxidase (ppo) about 100% when compared to the ...200717439237
disease regression in malignant melanoma: spontaneous resolution or a result of treatment with antioxidants, green tea, and pineapple cores? a case report. 200717393612
[occupational allergies to bromelain].the protease bromelain originating from the pineapple fruit (ananas comosus) finds frequent use in industry. exposure to enzyme dusts has long been known to cause occupational allergies. the present paper reviews the results of the evaluation of literature data concerning occupational airway sensitization due to bromelain. cases of specific airway sensitization caused by bromelain could be shown clearly by the presented studies. since the symptoms, results of skin prick tests, detection of speci ...200717342576
quantification of spiroether isomers and herniarin of different parts of matricaria matricarioides and flowers of chamaemelum nobile.a simple hplc-pad-ms method was established to quantitatively analyse two spiroether isomers (cis-en-yn-dicycloether and trans-en-yn-dicycloether) and the main coumarin, herniarin, in chamomile herbs, simultaneously. by using this method, the contents of these three compounds in the flowers of two chamomile species, roman chamomile (chamaemelum nobile) and pineapple weed (matricaria matricarioides), as well as in different parts of pineapple weed, were investigated. it was found that the flowers ...201217260697
[role of green tea in oxidative stress prevention].oxidative stress is a condition caused by an increase of reactive oxygen species (ros) or by a shortage of the mechanisms of cellular protection and antioxidant defence. ros have a potential oxidative effect towards various cellular macromolecules: proteins, nucleic acids, proteoglycans, lipids, with consequent damages in several cellular districts and promotion of the ageing process of the organism. however, some substances are able to prevent and/or reduce the damages caused by ros; therefore, ...200717228849
improved detection of sugar addition to maple syrup using malic acid as internal standard and in 13c isotope ratio mass spectrometry (irms).stable carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry (delta13c irms) was used to detect maple syrup adulteration by exogenous sugar addition (beet and cane sugar). malic acid present in maple syrup is proposed as an isotopic internal standard to improve actual adulteration detection levels. a lead precipitation method has been modified to isolate quantitatively malic acid from maple syrup using preparative reversed-phase liquid chromatography. the stable carbon isotopic ratio of malic acid isolated fro ...200717227042
herbal remedy in the treatment of malaria: cross sectional survey of residents of lagos state, nigeria.semi structured questionnaires. designed to capture information on the type. composition, method of preparation. dosage, mode of administration. and frequency of use of herbal preparations in malaria treatment, were administered to 1,593 adults of the 3 main ethnic groups and a forth group comprising other smaller ethnic groups designated as "others", all resident in lagos metropolis in a cross sectional survey. the 1,593 respondents were made up of 892 males and 701 females and their ages range ...200617209310
sensory-specific satiety with simple foods in humans: no influence of bmi?olfacto-gustatory sensory-specific satiety plays an important role in the termination of food ingestion. a defect in this mechanism, by increasing food intake, could be a factor in development of overweight. the present study was conducted to explore whether sensory-specific satiety in the overweight may be different from that in normal-weight subjects.200717160089
bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study.osteoarthritis (oa) of the knee is the most prevalent joint disorder. previous studies suggest that bromelain, a pineapple extract, may be a safer alternative/adjunctive treatment for knee oa than current conventional treatment.200617121765
cine magnetic resonance imaging of the small bowel: comparison of different oral contrast media.to evaluate several substances regarding small bowel distension and contrast on balanced steady-state free precession (bssfp) cine magnetic resonance (mr) images.200617077038
deforestation alters phytotelm habitat availability and mosquito production in the peruvian amazon.we quantified the effects of deforestation, and subsequent cultivation and forest regeneration, on the abundance and composition of mosquito larval habitats, specifically phytotelmata (plant-held waters), in the western amazon basin. recently deforested sites were characterized by increased phytotelm density (1.6 phytotelmata/m2) and greater relative abundance of fallen-plant-part phytotelmata (76%) compared to intact forests (0.9 phytotelmata/m2 and 25% fallen plant parts). as a result, the tot ...200617069377
[studies on phenolic constituents from leaves of pineapple (ananas comosus)].to study the phenolic constituents of the leaves of pineapple.200617048566
silencing of the acc synthase gene acacs2 causes delayed flowering in pineapple [ananas comosus (l.) merr.].flowering is a crucial developmental stage in the plant life cycle. a number of different factors, from environmental to chemical, can trigger flowering. in pineapple, and other bromeliads, it has been proposed that flowering is triggered by a small burst of ethylene production in the meristem in response to environmental cues. a 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (acc synthase) gene has been cloned from pineapple (acacs2), which is induced in the meristem under the same environmental c ...200617046980
the complete chloroplast genome sequence of citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck var 'ridge pineapple': organization and phylogenetic relationships to other angiosperms.the production of citrus, the largest fruit crop of international economic value, has recently been imperiled due to the introduction of the bacterial disease citrus canker. no significant improvements have been made to combat this disease by plant breeding and nuclear transgenic approaches. chloroplast genetic engineering has a number of advantages over nuclear transformation; it not only increases transgene expression but also facilitates transgene containment, which is one of the major impedi ...200617010212
determination of isopropyl thioxanthone (itx) in fruit juices by pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.a rapid lc-ms method, which compares different mass analyzers-single quadrupole, ion trap, and triple quadrupole-was developed for the quantitative determination of isopropyl thioxanthone (itx) in fruit juices. itx, a photoinitiator in uv-cured inks that can reach foods from the cartons for beverages in which they are used, was extracted from fruit juice samples with acetone/hexane (50:50) using pressurized liquid extraction. this method gave detection limits of 3, 3, and 0.01 microg/l and quant ...200617002475
bioaffinity based oriented immobilization of stem bromelain.bromelain is a basic, 23.8 kda thiol proteinase obtained from stem of the pineapple plant (ananas comosus) and is unique in containing a single oligosaccharide chain attached to the polypeptide. this property allowed its affinity binding and favorable orientation on a sepharose support pre-coupled with the lectin, concanavalin a (con a). for comparison, bromelain was also immobilized by covalently coupling to the cnbr-activated sepharose. the preparation obtained was more resistant to thermal in ...200616786278
characterization of aroma compounds of chinese "wuliangye" and "jiannanchun" liquors by aroma extract dilution analysis.aroma compounds in chinese "wuliangye" liquor were identified by gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o) after fractionation. a total of 132 odorants were detected by gc-o in wuliangye liquor on db-wax and db-5 columns. of these, 126 aromas were identified by gc-mass spectrometry (ms). aroma extract dilution analysis (aeda) was further employed to identify the most important aroma compounds in "wuliangye" and "jiannanchun" liquors. the results showed that esters could be the most important class, ...200616569063
proliferation potential of 18-month-old callus of ananas comosus l. cv. moris.differential effect of plant growth regulators and additives in proliferation of 18-month-old calli of ananas comosus l. cv. moris were assessed in vitro. the proliferation of callus relied on the growth regulators and additives. of the different auxins supplemented in the murashige and skoog (ms) media, 32.22 microm alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) gave the highest mean fresh weight of callus (46.817 g). medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) was inferior to naa, whil ...200616493521
does modification of olfacto-gustatory stimulation diminish sensory-specific satiety in humans?alimentary sensory pleasure is an important factor in ingestive behavior. renewal of olfacto-gustatory pleasure by introducing new foods or through seasoning of previously consumed food might increase intake.200616458336
characterization of the acidic and basic limbs of a bell-shaped ph profile in the inhibitory activity of bromelain inhibitor vi.bromelain inhibitor vi (bi-vi) is a cysteine proteinase inhibitor from pineapple stem and a unique two-chain inhibitor composed of two distinct domains. bi-vi's inhibitory activity toward the target enzyme bromelain is maximal at ph 4 and shows a bell-shaped ph profile with pka values of about 2.5 and 5.3. this ph profile is quite different from that of bromelain, which is optimally active around ph 7. in the present article, to characterize the acidic limb, we first expressed the recombinant in ...200616315142
the influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro.bromelain is a general name for a family of sulfhydryl-containing, proteolytic enzymes from the pineapple plant. the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of bromelain on platelet count, platelet aggregation and platelet activity in vitro. blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein of 10 healthy male non-smokers. platelet count decreased after incubation with 2.5 and 5 mg bromelain/ml from 277 +/- 17 platelets/nl before to 256 +/- 21 and 247 +/- 19 platelets/nl after ...200616308185
plaque and salivary ph changes after consumption of fresh fruit juices.the concept of health has prevailed for centuries and the dietary habits are apparently changing with modernization. "healthy eating" is now perceived to be important. the desirability of a healthful lifestyle has led to an increased consumption of juices. drinking large amount of fruit juice is frequently practiced these days and the consumption of these juices is further modified with behavioral habits such as swishing and frothing the drinks around the mouth, sucking frozen fruit juices, use ...200516302592
kenneth frank baker--pioneer leader in plant pathology.kenneth f. baker (1908-1996) made major contributions to understanding diseases of ornamental plants, seed pathology, soil-borne plant pathogens, biological control, and history of plant pathology. his work set the stage for the success of today's ornamentals and nursery industries. his leadership and writings created the scientific framework for research and teaching on soil-borne plant pathogens and biological control. after b.sc. and ph.d. degrees from washington state university in 1930 and ...200516078875
molecular characterization of a gender-linked dna marker and a related gene in mercurialis annua l.the dioecious mercurialis annua l. was used as a model plant to study some aspects of the molecular basis of sex determination in plants. we report in this paper the characterization of a previously identified male specific dna marker, opb01-1562, from diploid dioecious m. annua. the marker co-segregated with male sex in the progeny of hormonally feminized males. sequence analysis showed the presence of approximately 0.6 kb retrotransposon-like sequence at its 3' end. homologous sequences were i ...200516049676
odor-active constituents in fresh pineapple (ananas comosus [l.] merr.) by quantitative and sensory evaluation.by application of aroma extract dilution analysis (aeda) to an aroma distillate prepared from fresh pineapple using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (safe), 29 odor-active compounds were detected in the flavor dilution (fd) factor range of 2 to 4,096. quantitative measurements performed by stable isotope dilution assays (sida) and a calculation of odor activity values (oavs) of 12 selected odorants revealed the following compounds as key odorants in fresh pineapple flavor: 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimet ...200516041138
effect of ripe fruit pulp on the sensory and nutritive quality of ready-to-eat breakfast cereal produced from maize and soybean flours and cassava starch blends.the effects of various concentrations of different ripe fruit pulps on the sensory and nutritive quality of breakfast cereal were studied. the breakfast cereal was formulated using 1 kg composite flour (composed of 600 g maize flour and 400 g soy flour) in addition to 100 g cassava starch, 225 g sugar and 12 g salt. pineapple, pawpaw and banana ripe fruit pulps were added separately to the breakfast formulation at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g/kg composite flour. using sensory eva ...200516019313
pineapple juice labeled with gadolinium: a convenient oral contrast for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.the aim of our study was to prepare in vitro a pineapple juice (pj) solution labeled with a minimal gadolinium concentration working as a negative contrast agent in heavily t2-weighted imaging and to assess that solution in vivo as a negative oral contrast agent for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (mrcp). three pjs were compared in vitro according to their t2. increasing concentrations of gadolinium (gd)-dota in pj were assessed in vitro for t2 reduction. single-shot turbo spin echo ...200515999215
detection of exogenous citric acid in fruit juices by stable isotope ratio analysis.a new method has been developed for measuring the d/h ratio of the nonexchangeable sites of citric acid by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (irms). pure citric acid is transformed into its calcium salt and subsequently analyzed by pyrolysis-irms. the citric acid isolated from authentic fruit juices (citrus, pineapple, and red fruits) systematically shows higher d/h values than its nonfruit counterpart produced by fermentation of various sugar sources. the discrimination obtained with this simplif ...200515969486
fungal infections of fresh-cut fruit can be detected by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometric identification of microbial volatile organic compounds.there is a large and rapidly growing market for fresh-cut fruit. microbial volatile organic compounds indicate the presence of fungal or bacterial contamination in fruit. in order to determine whether microbial volatile organic compounds can be used to detect contamination before fruit becomes unmarketable, pieces of cantaloupe, apple, pineapple, and orange were inoculated with a variety of fungal species, incubated at 25 degrees c, then sealed in glass vials. the volatiles were extracted by hea ...200515954710
susceptibility of the interchain peptide of a bromelain inhibitor precursor to the target proteases bromelain, chymotrypsin, and trypsin.bromein, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor from pineapple stem, is a unique double-chain inhibitor. the 27.5-kda precursor protein is processed by the removal of three interchain, two interdomain, and two terminal-flanking peptides, thus resulting in the release of mature isoinhibitors of approximately 6 kda. to characterize the processing of the interchain peptide thr15-ser-ser-ser-asp, we expressed a single-chain precursor with this peptide and monitored proteolytic cleavage by the target protei ...200515927893
tissue distribution, synthesis stage, and ethylene induction of pineapple (ananas comosus) chitinases.we examined the tissue distribution, synthesis stage, and ethylene induction of three types of pineapple chitinase using chitinase activity gel and immunoblot analysis. type a (acidic class iii) exists in all tissues, while type b (weakly basic class i, which has strong antifungal activity) and type c (acidic class i) are localized mainly in the leaf and stem. in a pericarp, type a exists at all stages during fruit development, while type b and type c exist only at the early stage. synthesis of ...200515849431
bromelain as a treatment for osteoarthritis: a review of clinical studies.bromelain, an extract from the pineapple plant, has been demonstrated to show anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and may provide a safer alternative or adjunctive treatment for osteoarthritis. all previous trials, which have been uncontrolled or comparative studies, indicate its potential use for the treatment of osteoarthritis. this paper reviews the mechanism of its putative therapeutic actions, those clinical trials that have assessed its use in osteoarthritis to date, as well as cons ...200415841258
therapeutic use, efficiency and safety of the proteolytic pineapple enzyme bromelain-pos in children with acute sinusitis in germany.the therapeutic efficiency and safety of the proteolytic enzyme bromelaine obtained from pineapple (bromelain-pos, ursapharm gmbh, saarbrücken, germany) was evaluated in children under the age of 11 years diagnosed with acute sinusitis. data from 116 patients from 19 centres located across germany were analysed in a pharmacoepidemiological cohort study. patient cohorts were either treated with bromelain-pos (n = 62), in combination with bromelain-pos and standard therapies (n = 34), or with stan ...200615796206
applied k fertilizer use efficiency in pineapples grown on a tropical peat soil under residues removal.in malaysia, pineapples are grown on peat soils, but most k fertilizer recommendations do not take into account k loss through leaching. the objective of this study was to determine applied k use efficiency under a conventionally recommended fertilization regime in pineapple cultivation with residues removal. results showed that k recovery from applied k fertilizer in pineapple cultivation on tropical peat soil was low, estimated at 28%. at a depth of 0-10 cm, there was a sharp decrease of soil ...200515674449
an improved cryopreservation protocol for pineapple apices using encapsulation-vitrification.several modifications to the cryogenic protocols previously described for pineapple apices were performed using vitrification and encapsulation-vitrification. pregrowth of apices in sucrose-proline before loading significantly reduced the exposure duration to pvs2 and pvs3 required for successful cryopreservation. encapsulation and treatments with pvs3 at 0 degree c gave the highest survival before and after cooling. optimal conditions involved the encapsulation of pineapple apices in calcium al ...200515660167
biofibers from agricultural byproducts for industrial applications.lignocellulosic agricultural byproducts are a copious and cheap source for cellulose fibers. agro-based biofibers have the composition, properties and structure that make them suitable for uses such as composite, textile, pulp and paper manufacture. in addition, biofibers can also be used to produce fuel, chemicals, enzymes and food. byproducts produced from the cultivation of corn, wheat, rice, sorghum, barley, sugarcane, pineapple, banana and coconut are the major sources of agro-based biofibe ...200515629854
towards sustainable use of potassium in pineapple waste.due to the 1997/98 haze problem in south-east asia and the increasing need for sustainable food production and development, the usual management of crop residues (including pineapple wastes) through burning is prohibited. as a result, the need for alternative uses of pineapple wastes in pineapple production has been emphasized. this study investigated an environmentally friendly means of recycling pineapple leaves for agricultural use. pineapple leaves were shredded and composted in a composting ...200415578124
pineapple juice as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: a preliminary evaluation.the quality of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (mrcp) images is frequently degraded by high signal from the gastrointestinal tract. the aim of this study is to evaluate pineapple juice (pj) as an oral negative contrast agent in mrcp. preliminary in vitro evaluation demonstrated that pj shortened t(2) relaxation time and hence decreased t(2) signal intensity on a standard mrcp sequence to a similar degree to a commercially available negative contrast agent (ferumoxsil). electrothermal ...200415569640
developing pineapple fruit has a small transcriptome dominated by metallothionein.in a first step toward understanding the molecular basis of pineapple fruit development, a sequencing project was initiated to survey a range of expressed sequences from green unripe and yellow ripe fruit tissue. a highly abundant metallothionein transcript was identified during library construction, and was estimated to account for up to 50% of all est library clones. library clones with metallothionein subtracted were sequenced, and 408 unripe green and 1140 ripe yellow edited est clone sequen ...200515520025
in vitro germination, protocorm formation and plantlet development of mature versus immature seeds from several ophrys species (orchidaceae).we investigated the effect of genotype, seed maturity and culture medium on the in vitro germination and development of protocorms and plantlets from seeds of 13 different ophrys species (o. apifera, o. attica, o. cornuta, o. delfinensis, o. ferrum-equinum, o. lutea, o. mammosa, o. speculum, o. spruneri, o. umbilicata, o. argolica, o. irricolor and o. tenthredinifera) collected in greece, some of which are endemic to this country. mature seeds (10 months after collection) and immature seeds (2 m ...200415517276
physicochemical characterization of a new pineapple hybrid (flhoran41 cv.).the physicochemical characteristics (ph, total and soluble solids, and titratable acidity), sugars, organic acids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, volatile compounds, and cell wall polysaccharides of a new pineapple hybrid (flhoran41 cultivar) were measured throughout maturation and compared with the smooth cayenne cv. at full maturity, the flhoran41 cv. has a higher titratable acidity and soluble solids content than the smooth cayenne cv. the golden yellow flesh and red-orange to scarlet shell of ri ...200415453683
respiratory properties and malate metabolism in percoll-purified mitochondria isolated from pineapple, ananas comosus (l.) merr. cv. smooth cayenne.an investigation was made of the respiratory properties and the role of the mitochondria isolated from one phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck)-cam plant ananas comosus (pineapple) in malate metabolism during cam phase iii. pineapple mitochondria showed very high malate dehydrogenase (mdh), and low malic enzyme (me) and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (got) activities. the mitochondria readily oxidized succinate and nadh with high rates and coupling, while they only oxidized nadph in the ...200415361538
sensitization to ficus benjamina: relationship to natural rubber latex allergy and identification of foods implicated in the ficus-fruit syndrome.ornamental ficus benjamina (fb) has been recognized as a new indoor allergen. little is known about the prevalence in moderately exposed subjects and the proposed association with fruit and hevea latex hypersensitivity.200415298566
day-night changes of energy-rich compounds in crassulacean acid metabolism (cam) species utilizing hexose and starch.plants with crassulacean acid metabolism (cam) can be divided into two groups according to the major carbohydrates used for malic acid synthesis, either polysaccharide (starch) or monosaccharide (hexose). this is related to the mechanism and affects energy metabolism in the two groups. in kalanchoë pinnata and k. daigremontiana, which utilize starch, atp-dependent phosphofructokinase (tonoplast inorganic pyrophosphatase) activity is greater than inorganic pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokin ...200415277250
intra-oral acid production associated with eating whole or pulped raw fruits.the hypotheses that raw fruits, whether whole or pulped, were cleared rapidly from the mouth and that the sugars in the whole and pulped fruits are fermented with equal efficiency to acids by the oral microflora were tested in this study. groups of 7-9 adult subjects chewed 10 g of raw, whole or pulped fruit (apple, banana, orange, pear and pineapple) for 1 min and whole, unstimulated saliva samples were collected during the following 60-min interval. each saliva sample was assayed for the conce ...201615181333
bromelain partitioning in two-phase aqueous systems containing peo-ppo-peo block copolymers.bromelain is an enzymatic complex obtained from pineapple (ananas comosus) fruits and stem. thermoseparation of bromelain by poly(ethylene oxide) (peo)- poly(propylene oxide) (ppo)- poly(ethylene oxide) (peo) block copolymers aqueous solutions was studied. triblock copolymers with different eo percentages and different molecular mass were evaluated. copolymer solutions at different ph values, buffer concentrations and copolymer concentrations were investigated. it was found that cloud point temp ...200415177161
effect of carbohydrate source on post-prandial blood glucose in subjects with type 1 diabetes treated with insulin lispro.our purpose was to determine if the glycemic index (gi) and proportion of carbohydrate absorbed as glucose (pg) affected glycemic responses and occurrence of post-prandial hypoglycemia in subjects with type 1 diabetes treated with insulin lispro. subjects (n=8) were studied on five separate occasions after 10-12 h overnight fasts following a standard dinner. after their morning insulin dose, subjects ate 50 g carbohydrate from a starchy food (pg=1; mashed potato gi=83, white bread gi=71, spaghet ...200415163475
the effect of learning on experimental evolution of resource preference in drosophila melanogaster.learning is thought to be adaptive in variable environments, whereas constant, predictable environments are supposed to favor unconditional, genetically fixed responses. a dichotomous view of behavior as either learned or innate ignores a potential evolutionary interaction between the learned and innate components of a behavioral response. we addressed this interaction in the context of oviposition substrate choice in drosophila melanogaster, asking two main questions. first, will learning also ...200415154552
two low-cost food attractants for capturing toxotrypana curvicauda (diptera: tephritidae) in the field.adults of the papaya fruit fly, toxotrypana curvicauda gerstaecker, living in wild vegetation in yautepec, morelos, mexico, were captured using mcphail traps baited with pineapple juice or brown sugar. maximum capture peaks occurred during august and november in the afternoon. baits were most effective when aged over a 4-d period. traps baited with brown sugar captured the highest number of adults, and both baits were more attractive to females than males. potential use of these baits for pest m ...200415154449
effect of acid speciation on solid waste liquefaction in an anaerobic acid digester.laboratory scale experiments were carried out to evaluate and determine the suitable working conditions for the enhancement of volatile fatty acids (vfas) production with the stabilization of solid pineapple waste (peel) simultaneously when operating two-phase anaerobic digestion. it was found that acid production, enhanced when the digester was operated at neutral ph. vfas, could be obtained at about 50 g/kg-waste within 14 days when operating at ph 6.5-7.5 compared to 33 g/kg-waste for digeste ...200415142803
ensilage of pineapple processing waste for methane generation.pineapple peel wastes, which are seasonal, comprise of peels and rags. their disposal poses a serious environmental pollution problem. since pineapple peel is rich in cellulose, hemicellulose and other carbohydrates it was found to be a potential substrate for methane generation by anaerobic digestion. ensilaging of pineapple peel resulted in the conversion of 55% carbohydrates into volatile fatty acids. the ensilage of pineapple processing wastes reduced the biological oxygen demand by 91%. bio ...200415120436
purification and characterization of a pineapple crown leaf thiol protease.a thiol protease was isolated and purified from the crown leaf of pineapple, ananas comosus (l.) merr. cv. queen, by an immunoaffinity procedure. after the purification to electrophoretic homogeneity, the enzyme was characterized with respect to some of its physico-chemical and kinetic properties. the molecular weight of the protease (22.4-22.9 kda), km (97 microm) and kcat (8.8 s(-1)) for its esterolytic cleavage of the synthetic protease substrate n(alpha)-cbz-l-lysine p-nitrophenyl ester, the ...200415046295
proteolytic activity and immunogenicity of oral bromelain within the gastrointestinal tract of mice.bromelain is a mixture of proteinases derived from pineapple stem that is marketed by health food stores as a "digestive aid". a number of studies suggest that bromelain may also have anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, including an anecdotal report describing potential efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease. we and others have previously shown that proteolytically active bromelain removes certain cell surface molecules and affects leukocyte migration, activation, and production of cytokines and ...200414996417
determination of ochratoxin a in currants, raisins, sultanas, mixed dried fruit, and dried figs by immunoaffinity column cleanup with liquid chromatography: interlaboratory study.an interlaboratory study was performed on behalf of the food standards agency to evaluate the effectiveness of an affinity column cleanup liquid chromatographic (lc) method for the determination of ochratoxin a in a variety of dried fruit at european regulatory limits. to ensure homogeneity before analysis, laboratory samples are normally slurried with water in the ratio of 5 parts fruit to 4 parts water, and test materials in this form were used in the study. the test portion was extracted with ...201214979698
the pineapple eye gene is required for survival of drosophila imaginal disc cells.each ommatidium of the drosophila eye is constructed by precisely 19 specified precursor cells, generated in part during a second mitotic wave of cell divisions that overlaps early stages of ommatidial cell specification. homozygotes for the pineapple eye mutation lack sufficient precursor cells due to apoptosis during the period of fate specification. in addition development is delayed by apoptosis during earlier imaginal disc growth. null alleles are recessive lethal and allelic to l(2)31ek; h ...200314704172
on-line gas chromatography combustion/pyrolysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry (hrgc-c/p-irms) of pineapple (ananas comosus l. merr.) volatiles.by use of extracts prepared by liquid-liquid separation of the volatiles from self-prepared juices of pineapple fruits (ananas comosus) (n = 14) as well as commercial pineapple recovery aromas/water phases (n = 3), on-line capillary gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry was employed in the combustion (c) and the pyrolysis (p) modes (hrgc-c/p-irms) to determine the delta(13)c(vpdb) and delta(2)h(vsmow) values of selected pineapple flavor constituents. in addition to methyl 2-methylbu ...200314690391
tropgene-db, a multi-tropical crop information system.tropgene-db, is a crop information system created to store genetic, molecular and phenotypic data of the numerous yet poorly documented tropical crop species. the most common data stored in tropgene-db are information on genetic resources (agro-morphological data, parentages, allelic diversity), molecular markers, genetic maps, results of quantitative trait loci analyses, data from physical mapping, sequences, genes, as well as the corresponding references. tropgene-db is organized on a crop bas ...200414681435
occupational exposure of brazilian neonatal intensive care workers to latex antigens.frequent exposure to latex causes various reactions such as respiratory symptoms and anaphylactic shock. in these cases, proteins found in natural latex are responsible for the serious systemic antilatex-mediated immediate hypersensitive reactions.200414674942
a sensitized genetic screen to identify novel regulators and components of the drosophila janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway.the jak/stat pathway exerts pleiotropic effects on a wide range of developmental processes in drosophila. four key components have been identified: unpaired, a secreted ligand; domeless, a cytokine-like receptor; hopscotch, a jak kinase; and stat92e, a stat transcription factor. the identification of additional components and regulators of this pathway remains an important issue. to this end, we have generated a transgenic line where we misexpress the upd ligand in the developing drosophila eye. ...200314668372
relationships in ananas and other related genera using chloroplast dna restriction site variation.chloroplast dna (cpdna) diversity was examined using pcr-rflp to study phylogenetic relationships in ananas and related genera. one hundred fifteen accessions representing the seven ananas species and seven other bromelioideae including the neighboring monospecific genus pseudananas, two pitcairnioideae, and one tillandsioideae were included in the study. eight primers designed from cpdna were used for generating fragments. restriction by 18 endonucleases generated 255 variable fragments. dissim ...200314663518
effect of ph, temperature and alcohols on the stability of glycosylated and deglycosylated stem bromelain.the biological significance of the carbohydrate moiety of a glycoprotein has been a matter of much speculation. in the present work, we have chosen stem bromelain from ananas comosus as a model to investigate the role of glycosylation of proteins. stem bromelain is a thiol protease which contains a single hetero-oligosaccharide unit per molecule. here, the deglycosylated form of the enzyme was obtained by periodate oxidation. the differences in the glycosylated and deglycosylated forms of the gl ...200314660870
tetrahydro-beta-carboline alkaloids occur in fruits and fruit juices. activity as antioxidants and radical scavengers.tetrahydro-beta-carbolines are biologically active alkaloids that occur and accumulate in mammalian tissues, fluids, and brain, but their ultimate origin or biological role is still uncertain. four tetrahydro-beta-carboline alkaloids: 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline, and 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline, are found as naturally occurring substances in s ...200314611187
environmental, life-style, and physical precursors of clinical parkinson's disease: recent findings from the honolulu-asia aging study.increased westernization with japanese migration to the u. s. in the early 20(th) century is thought to have altered the risk of cardiovascular disease. whether similar effects include changes in the risk of parkinson's disease (pd) is not clear. this report describes the relations between environmental, life-style, and physical attributes and the incidence of pd that have been observed in the honolulu-asia aging study.200314579122
"pineapple slice dressing" for correction of inverted nipples. 200314504562
pineapple juice as an agent for the digestion of fish prior to the harvesting of metacercariae.the efficacy of crude pineapple juice obtained from ananus comosus in digesting fish for the harvesting of trematode metacercariae was investigated. no significant difference was found between the total number of metacercariae detected from fish (cirrhina jullieni) digested by acid pepsin and those digested by freshly prepared pineapple juice that was kept for 15 days at a temperature of either -4 degrees c or -75 degrees c. however, fewer metacercariae were found when using juice that had been ...200212971486
trace-level determination of pesticides in food using difficult matrix introduction-gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry.a procedure for the fully automated analysis of food samples by means of difficult matrix introduction-gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (dmi-gc-tof ms) is discussed. after extraction, samples require very little clean-up and are injected in a micro- or micro-vial which is held in a liner. next, the liner is placed in the injector and the contents of the vial are thermally desorbed and led directly to the capillary gc column. after gc-tof ms analysis, the data are processed aut ...200312967188
cross-reactivity between ficus benjamina latex and fig fruit in patients with clinical fig allergy.anaphylactic reactions to fig fruits (ficus carica) have been reported from subjects sensitized to ficus benjamina (fb) latex allergens. figs may also be involved in the latex-fruit syndrome.200312859455
cost-effective in vitro propagation methods for pineapple.we have developed an efficient and cost-effective method for commercial micropropagation of smooth cayenne pineapple. in vitro shoots were used as starting materials, and either longitudinal sections of the shoots or leaf bases were used as the explants to regenerate shoots. when these explants were used, the axillary meristems, which usually remain quiescent during shoot multiplication, were able to form new shoots. subsequent to the regeneration step, additional multiplication was achieved ins ...200312789501
analysis of the relationship between the structure and aromatic properties of chemical compounds.this paper presents the results of research on the relationship between the structure and odour properties of a selection of chemical compounds. the research concerns five groups of esters, each with a different smell: almond, apricot, apple, pineapple and rose. the supposed relationship between the smell and certain selected attributes of each molecule was examined by various pattern recognition techniques using programs developed in the department of computer chemistry at rzeszów university of ...200312677351
nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the pka values and interaction of ionizable groups in bromelain inhibitor vi from pineapple stem.bromelain inhibitor vi (bi-vi), a cysteine proteinase inhibitor from pineapple stem, is a unique double-chain molecule composed of two distinct domains a and b. in order to clarify the molecular mechanism of the proteinase-inhibitor interaction, we investigated the electrostatic properties of this inhibitor. the inhibitory activity toward bromelain was revealed to be maximal at ph 3-4 and the gross conformation to be stable over a wide range of ph. based on these results, ph titration experiment ...200312674503
cocoa-based media for culturing phytophthora palmivora (butl.) butl., causal agent of black pod disease of cocoa.green cocoa pod husk agar (gcpa), ripe cocoa pod husk agar (rcpa), green cocoa bean agar (gcba), ripe cocoa bean agar (rcba), green cocoa mucilage agar (gcma) and ripe cocoa mucilage agar (rcma) were prepared and assessd for their clarity and for potential to support mycelial growth and sporulation of p. palmivora. oatmeal agar (oma), potato-dextrose agar (pda), vegetable 8 juice agar (v8ja) and pineapple crown agar (pca) were included for comparison. the highest radial growth rates of 8.3 and 7 ...200212617500
[spherical phenyl-regenerated cellulose stationary phases used for hydrophobic chromatography to extract bramelain from crude stem bramelain].the low-pressure preparative hydrophobic chromatography packing materials have been successfully synthesized by grafting hydrophobic phenyl group to the macro-pore spherical regenerated cellulose resin (diameter 0.7-1.3 mm, pore size 4.3-15.7 microns, specific surface area 88 m2/g). the optimum adsorption-desorption conditions have been got by using 10 ml of this hydrophobic resin to deal with 100 ml of the crude stem bramelain: the mobile phase ph is around 5.0, concentration of (nh4)2so4 is 1. ...199912549169
[rapid determination of ethephon residues in concentrated pineapple juice by head-space gas chromatography].the method developed is based on the special property that ethephon can be easily decomposed into ethene in alkaline solution by heating. certain amount of concentrated koh solution was added to the sample and heated at 70 degrees c. then, 1 ml of the gas above the sample was injected into a gas chromatograph by head-space sampler for the determination of the target compound with external standard quantitation method. the detection limit was 0.025 mg/kg and the fortified recoveries of ethephon i ...200112541822
selection for aluminium tolerance in embryogenic lines of citrus sinensis l. and c. aurantium l.the citrus cultivars 'amargo' and 'pineapple' produce embryogenic cultures on two types of sugars, galactose and lactose. two percent lactose is optimal for both cultivars; embryogenic callus is produced 8-10 weeks after inoculation. whereas 2% galactose is optimal for 'amargo', it is 3% for 'pineapple'. three types of embryos are recognized: whitish, greenish and heart shaped. in 8 to 10 week old cultures we do also observe a black spotted type of embryos. a high percentage of plant conversion ...200212491964
preliminary comparison of bromelain and ibuprofen for delayed onset muscle soreness management.the purpose of this study was to determine whether a common bromelain regimen or common ibuprofen regimen are effective in resolving pain and muscle dysfunction associated with delayed onset muscle soreness of the elbow flexors.200212466693
structure-function relationship of bromelain isoinhibitors from pineapple stem.bromelain isoinhibitors from pineapple stem (bis) are unique double-chain inhibitors and inhibit the cysteine proteinase bromelain competitively. the three-dimensional structure was shown to be composed of two distinct domains, each of which is formed by a three-stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet. unexpectedly, bis were found to share similar folding and disulfide-bond connectivities not with the cystatin superfamily, but with bowman-birk trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor (bbi). the structural simil ...200512437100
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