| comparative host selection responses of specialist (helicoverpa assulta) and generalist (helicoverpa armigera) moths in complex plant environments. | we tested the behavioral responses of ovipositing females and natal larvae of two sibling species, a generalist helicoverpa armigera (hübner) and a specialist helicoverpa assulta (guenée), to odor sources emitted from different combinations of six plant species (tobacco, nicotiana tabacum; hot pepper, capsicum annuum; tomato, solanum esculentum; cotton, gossypium hirsutum; peanut, arachis hypogaea; maize, zea mays). under the conditions of plant materials versus corresponding controls, both stag ... | 2017 | 28182679 |
| the endophytic fungus phomopsis liquidambari increases nodulation and n2 fixation in arachis hypogaea by enhancing hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide signalling. | the continuous cropping obstacles in monoculture fields are a major production constraint for peanuts. application of the endophytic fungus phomopsis liquidambari has increased peanut yields, and nodulation and n2 fixation increases have been considered as important factors for p. liquidambari infection-improved peanut yield. however, the mechanisms involved in this process remain unknown. this work showed that compared with only bradyrhizobium inoculation, co-inoculation with p. liquidambari si ... | 2017 | 28168354 |
| electron beam irradiation revealed genetic differences in radio-sensitivity and generated mutants in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.). | electron beam accelerators are being used for many industrial applications including food and agriculture. a 10mev linear accelerator facility was standardized for low dose application 0.1-1 kgy) in pulse mode using unscanned scattered beam for irradiation of groundnut seeds for mutation breeding. using this facility, 50% growth reduction (gr50) dose was standardized in five groundnut genotypes. there were significant differences for radio-sensitivity among these genotypes. seed mutagenesis of t ... | 2017 | 28113073 |
| development and evaluation of a high density genotyping 'axiom_arachis' array with 58 k snps for accelerating genetics and breeding in groundnut. | single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are the most abundant dna sequence variation in the genomes which can be used to associate genotypic variation to the phenotype. therefore, availability of a high-density snp array with uniform genome coverage can advance genetic studies and breeding applications. here we report the development of a high-density snp array 'axiom_arachis' with 58 k snps and its utility in groundnut genetic diversity study. in this context, from a total of 163,782 snps derive ... | 2017 | 28091575 |
| sensitization of radioresistant prostate cancer cells by resveratrol isolated from arachis hypogaea stems. | resveratrol (rv, 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is naturally produced by a wide variety of plants including grapes and peanuts (arachis hypogaea). however, the yield of rv from peanut stem and its potential radiosensitizing effects in prostate cancer (pca) have not been well investigated. in this study, we characterized rv in peanut stem extract (pse) for the first time and showed that both rv and pse dose-dependently induced cell death in doc-2/dab2 interactive protein (dab2ip)-deficient pca cells ... | 2017 | 28081154 |
| evaluation the effect of gamma irradiation on microbial, chemical and sensorial properties of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) seeds. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility to apply gamma radiation treatment for decontaminating and assuring the quality of peanut seeds. | 2017 | 28071007 |
| co-localization of major quantitative trait loci for pod size and weight to a 3.7 cm interval on chromosome a05 in cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), an important source of edible oil and protein, is widely grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. genetic improvement of yield-related traits is essential for improving yield potential of new peanut varieties. genomics-assisted breeding (gab) can accelerate the process of genetic improvement but requires linked markers for the traits of interest. in this context, we developed a recombinant inbred line (ril) mapping population (yuanza 9102 × x ... | 2017 | 28068921 |
| transcriptome profiles reveal gene regulation of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) nodulation. | the molecular mechanisms of symbiosis in cultivated peanut with a 'crack entry' infection process are largely understudied. in this study, we investigated the root transcriptional profiles of two pairs of non-nodulating (nod-) and nodulating (nod+) sister inbred peanut lines, e4/e5 and e7/e6, and their nod+ parents, f487a and pi262090 during rhizobial infection and nodule initiation by using rna-seq technology. a total of 143, 101, 123, 215, 182, and 289 differentially expressed genes (degs) wer ... | 2017 | 28059169 |
| qtl-seq approach identified genomic regions and diagnostic markers for rust and late leaf spot resistance in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.). | rust and late leaf spot (lls) are the two major foliar fungal diseases in groundnut, and their co-occurrence leads to significant yield loss in addition to the deterioration of fodder quality. to identify candidate genomic regions controlling resistance to rust and lls, whole-genome resequencing (wgrs)-based approach referred as 'qtl-seq' was deployed. a total of 231.67 gb raw and 192.10 gb of clean sequence data were generated through wgrs of resistant parent and the resistant and susceptible b ... | 2016 | 28028892 |
| identification and characterization of phages parasitic on bradyrhizobia nodulating groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.) in south africa. | in this study, three lytic phages (namely, prsa-1, prsa-2 and prsa-26) were isolated and characterized for their morphology, host range, profile and restriction endonuclease banding pattern of genome size. the susceptible rhizobial isolates were identified by nifh and glnii sequence analysis. the results showed that all phages had polyhedral head with non-contractile tail which confirmed their relationship with the siphoviridae family. all the three phages produced highly distinct plaques on the ... | 2016 | 28018051 |
| development and deployment of a high-density linkage map identified quantitative trait loci for plant height in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | plant height is one of the most important architecture traits in crop plants. in peanut, the genetic basis of plant height remains ambiguous. in this context, we genotyped a recombinant inbred line (ril) population with 140 individuals developed from a cross between two peanut varieties varying in plant height, zhonghua 10 and icg 12625. genotyping data was generated for 1,175 ssr and 42 transposon polymorphic markers and a high-density genetic linkage map was constructed with 1,219 mapped loci ... | 2016 | 27995991 |
| genome-wide snp genotyping resolves signatures of selection and tetrasomic recombination in peanut. | peanut (arachis hypogaea; 2n = 4x = 40) is a nutritious food and a good source of vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats. expansion of genetic and genomic resources for genetic enhancement of cultivated peanut has gained momentum from the sequenced genomes of the diploid ancestors of cultivated peanut. to facilitate high-throughput genotyping of arachis species, 20 genotypes were re-sequenced and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were selected to develop a large-scale snp genotypi ... | 2017 | 27993622 |
| transgenic tobacco plants constitutively expressing peanut btf3 exhibit increased growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. | abiotic stresses limit crop growth and productivity worldwide. cellular tolerance, an important abiotic stress adaptive trait, involves coordinated activities of multiple proteins linked to signalling cascades, transcriptional regulation and other diverse processes. basal transcriptional machinery is considered to be critical for maintaining transcription under stressful conditions. from this context, discovery of novel basal transcription regulators from stress adapted crops like peanut would b ... | 2017 | 27981726 |
| nymph and adult biology of euschistus cornutus dallas: a potential soybean pest in the neotropics. | laboratory studies with euschistus cornutus dallas indicated that nymphs complete development when feeding on green bean, phaseolus vulgaris l. pod, on soybean, glycine max (l.) merrill pod, and on raw shelled peanut, arachis hypogaea l., but not on fruit (berry) of privet, ligustrum lucidum ait. total mortality was lower on green bean pod (45%), and higher on soybean pod and peanut raw (75 and 80%, respectively). nymph developmental time was significantly longer for females feeding on green bea ... | 2016 | 27981525 |
| peanut protein extraction conditions strongly influence yield of allergens ara h 1 and 2 and sensitivity of immunoassays. | the clinical importance of peanut (arachis hypogaea) allergies demands standardized allergen extraction protocols. we determined the effectiveness of common extraction conditions (20 buffers, defatting reagents, extraction time/temperatures, processing, extraction repeats) on crude protein and ara h 1 and 2 yields. despite similar 1d-gel profiles, defatting with n-hexane resulted in significantly higher yields of crude protein, ara h 1, and ara h 2 than with diethyl ether. the yields were affect ... | 2017 | 27979211 |
| contributions of rational soil tillage to compaction stress in main peanut producing areas of china. | tillage intensities largely affect soil compaction dynamics in agro-ecosystems. however, the contribution of tillage intensities on compaction changes in underground peanut (arachis hypogaea) fields has not been quantified. we thus aimed to better understand the role of soil tillage intensities in mitigation of compaction stress for peanuts. using three field tillage experiments in major chinese peanut producing areas, we quantified the effects of (1) no tillage, (2) shallow (20 cm) plowing, (3) ... | 2016 | 27934905 |
| negative feedback regulation of aba biosynthesis in peanut (arachis hypogaea): a transcription factor complex inhibits ahnced1 expression during water stress. | abscisic acid (aba), a key plant stress-signaling hormone, is produced in response to drought and counteracts the effects of this stress. the accumulation of aba is controlled by the enzyme 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (nced). in arabidopsis, nced3 is regulated by a positive feedback mechanism by aba. in this study in peanut (arachis hypogaea), we demonstrate that aba biosynthesis is also controlled by negative feedback regulation, mediated by the inhibitory effect on ahnced1 transcription ... | 2016 | 27892506 |
| quantitative trait locus analysis of late leaf spot resistance and plant-type-related traits in cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) under multi-environments. | late leaf spot (lls) is one of the most serious foliar diseases affecting peanut worldwide leading to huge yield loss. to understand the genetic basis of lls and assist breeding in the future, we conducted quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis for lls and three plant-type-related traits including height of main stem (hms), length of the longest branch (llb) and total number of branches (tnb). significant negative correlations were observed between lls and the plant-type-related traits in multi ... | 2016 | 27870916 |
| evidence of genomic exchanges between homeologous chromosomes in a cross of peanut with newly synthetized allotetraploid hybrids. | cultivated peanut and synthetics are allotetraploids (2n = 4x = 40) with two homeologous sets of chromosomes. meiosis in allotetraploid peanut is generally thought to show diploid-like behavior. however, a recent study pointed out the occurrence of recombination between homeologous chromosomes, especially when synthetic allotetraploids are used, challenging the view of disomic inheritance in peanut. in this study, we investigated the meiotic behavior of allotetraploid peanut using 380 ssr marker ... | 2016 | 27847512 |
| transcriptome analysis of a new peanut seed coat mutant for the physiological regulatory mechanism involved in seed coat cracking and pigmentation. | seed-coat cracking and undesirable color of seed coat highly affects external appearance and commercial value of peanuts (arachis hypogaea l.). with an objective to find genetic solution to the above problems, a peanut mutant with cracking and brown colored seed coat (testa) was identified from an ems treated mutant population and designated as "peanut seed coat crack and brown color mutant line (pscb)." the seed coat weight of the mutant was almost twice of the wild type, and the germination ti ... | 2016 | 27790222 |
| a developmental transcriptome map for allotetraploid arachis hypogaea. | the advent of the genome sequences of arachis duranensis and arachis ipaensis has ushered in a new era for peanut genomics. with the goal of producing a gene atlas for cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea), 22 different tissue types and ontogenies that represent the full development of peanut were sequenced, including a complete reproductive series from flower to peg elongation and peg tip immersion in the soil to fully mature seed. using a genome-guided assembly pipeline, a homeolog-specific tra ... | 2016 | 27746793 |
| transcriptome sequencing of diverse peanut (arachis) wild species and the cultivated species reveals a wealth of untapped genetic variability. | to test the hypothesis that the cultivated peanut species possesses almost no molecular variability, we sequenced a diverse panel of 22 arachis accessions representing arachis hypogaea botanical classes, a-, b-, and k- genome diploids, a synthetic amphidiploid, and a tetraploid wild species. rnaseq was performed on pools of three tissues, and de novo assembly was performed. realignment of individual accession reads to transcripts of the cultivar olin identified 306,820 biallelic snps. among 10 n ... | 2016 | 27729436 |
| differential isoform expression and protein localization from alternatively spliced apetala2 in peanut under drought stress. | apetala2 (ap2) belongs to the ap2/ethylene responsive factor (erf) family and regulates expression levels of downstream stress responsive genes as a transcription factor. in this study, we cloned six different isoforms of ahap2 from peanut (arachis hypogaea). four isoforms (ahap2.1, ahap2.2, ahap2.3 and ahap2.4) had both ap2/erf dna binding domains and erf-associated amphiphilic repression (ear) motifs. two isoforms (ahap2.5 and ahap2.6) only had an ear suppressor domain. after agroinfiltration, ... | 2016 | 27723504 |
| insights into the indian peanut genotypes for ahfad2 gene polymorphism regulating its oleic and linoleic acid fluxes. | in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), the customization of fatty acid profile is an evolving area to fulfill the nutritional needs in the modern market. a total of 174 peanut genotypes, including 167 indian cultivars, 6 advanced breeding lines and "sunoleic95r"-a double mutant line, were investigated using as-pcrs, caps and gene sequencing for the ahfad2 allele polymorphism, along with its fatty acid compositions. of these, 80 genotypes were found having substitution (448g>a) mutation only in ahfad2a ... | 2016 | 27610115 |
| differential expression of o-glycans in cd4(+) t lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | t cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) show a decreased activation threshold and increased apoptosis. these processes seem to be regulated by glycosylated molecules on the t cell surface. here, we determined through flow cytometry the expression of mucin-type o-glycans on t helper cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from 23 sle patients and its relation with disease activity. we used lectins specific for the disaccharide gal-galnac, such as amaranthus leucoc ... | 2016 | 27600584 |
| color and texture of low-calorie peanuts as affected by a new oil extraction process named "mechanical expression preserving shape integrity" (mepsi). | the current healthy life style pushed to develop and implement a novel efficient defatting process of high quality called "mechanical expression preserving shape integrity" that conserved the sensory, color, textural, morphological and acceptability of partially defatted roasted peanuts. in this study, response surface methodology was used to investigate the best extraction parameters (initial water content, pressure and pressing duration) based on the highest color consumer evaluation scores, t ... | 2016 | 27570290 |
| evaluation of insertion-deletion markers suitable for genetic diversity studies and marker-trait correlation analyses in cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | peanut is one of the most important oil crops worldwide. we used insertion-deletion (indel) markers to assess the genetic diversity and population structure in cultivated peanut. fifty-four accessions from north china were genotyped using 48 indel markers. the markers amplified 61 polymorphic loci with 1 to 8 alleles and an average of 2.6 alleles per marker. the polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.0364 to 0.9030, with an average of 0.5038. population structure and neighbor-join ... | 2016 | 27525935 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of basal and zygote-located tip regions of peanut ovaries provides insight into the mechanism of light regulation in peanut embryo and pod development. | peanut zygotes typically divide a few times to form a pre-embryo before further embryonic development halts under normal day/night photoperiods. ovary elongation, however, continuesforming a downward growing peg-like structure. when the peg is buried in the soil, embryo development resumes in the darkness. the embryo-located region (er) of the peg begins to enlarge and form a pod, while the basal region (br) of the peg has a distinct fate. the molecular mechanisms governing these unique embryo d ... | 2016 | 27514934 |
| shallow whole genome sequencing for the assembly of complete chloroplast genome sequence of arachis hypogaea l. | | 2016 | 27512398 |
| genetic diversity and distribution of bradyrhizobia nodulating peanut in acid-neutral soils in guangdong province. | to reveal the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) rhizobia in guangdong province, one of the main peanut producing regions in china, 216 bradyrhizobial isolates were trapped by peanut plants inoculated with soil samples (ph 4.7-7.4) collected from ten sites in guangdong. based on box-pcr fingerprinting analysis, 71 representative isolates were selected for sequence analyses of ribosomal igs, reca, atpd and symbiotic gene noda. as a result, 22 genospecies ... | 2016 | 27499533 |
| stress inducible expression of atdreb1a transcription factor in transgenic peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) conferred tolerance to soil-moisture deficit stress. | peanut, an important oilseed crop, is gaining priority for the development of drought tolerant genotypes in recent times, since the area under drought is constantly on the rise. to achieve this, one of the important strategies is to genetically engineer the ruling peanut varieties using transcription factor regulating the expression of several downstream, abiotic-stress responsive gene(s). in this study, eight independent transgenic peanut (cv. gg20) lines were developed using atdreb1a gene, enc ... | 2016 | 27446163 |
| reproduction and damage potential of five geographical ditylenchus africanus populations on peanut. | ditylenchus africanus affects peanut quality, which leads to downgrading of consignments and economic losses for producers. this nematode is difficult to control and host-plant resistance may be the most effective way to control it. recently, the peanut breeding line pc254k1 has been identified as resistant to a d. africanus population from vaalharts and will be included into the peanut breeding program. the objectives of our study were to compare the reproduction potential of d. africanus geogr ... | 2016 | 27418699 |
| nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of spanish and virginia groundnuts (arachis hypogaea l.): a comparative study. | kernels of sixty groundnut genotypes comprising thirty each of spanish and virginia groups were characterized and compared for the content of oil, protein, phenols and antioxidant activity along with their fatty acid and sugars profiles. the antioxidant activity for virginia genotypes was ranged from 12.5 to 16.5 μm trolox equivalent activity for spanish genotypes ranged from 6.8-15.2 μm. amongst virginia types, the highest oleic acid/linoleic acid (o/l) ratio of 2.38 was observed for nrcg 12312 ... | 2016 | 27407194 |
| iron oxide nanoparticles as a potential iron fertilizer for peanut (arachis hypogaea). | nanomaterials are used in practically every aspect of modern life, including agriculture. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of iron oxide nanoparticles (fe2o3 nps) as a fertilizer to replace traditional fe fertilizers, which have various shortcomings. the effects of the fe2o3 nps and a chelated-fe fertilizer (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-fe; edta-fe) fertilizer on the growth and development of peanut (arachis hypogaea), a crop that is very sensitive to fe deficiency, wer ... | 2016 | 27375665 |
| high transpiration efficiency increases pod yield under intermittent drought in dry and hot atmospheric conditions but less so under wetter and cooler conditions in groundnut (arachis hypogaea (l.)). | water limitation is a major yield limiting factor in groundnut and transpiration efficiency (te) is considered the main target for improvement, but te being difficult to measure it has mostly been screened with surrogates. the paper re-explore the contribution of te to grain yield in peanut by using a novel experimental approach in which te is measured gravimetrically throughout the crop life cycle, in addition to measurement of te surrogates. experimentation was carried out with the groundnut r ... | 2016 | 27375341 |
| thermal processing effects on peanut allergen ara h 2 allergenicity in mice and its antigenic epitope structure. | ara h 2 was purified from peanuts that were thermally treated by various processes, including boiling, glycation, frying and roasting. the allergenicity of ara h 2 in balb/c mice and the influence of thermal processing on the structural characteristics, and binding capacity of three core antigenic epitopes were studied. the results demonstrated that boiling, glycation and frying induced the down-regulation of the allergenicity of ara h 2 in balb/c mice, the collapse of its tertiary/secondary str ... | 2016 | 27374581 |
| a stilbenoid-specific prenyltransferase utilizes dimethylallyl pyrophosphate from the plastidic terpenoid pathway. | prenylated stilbenoids synthesized in some legumes exhibit plant pathogen defense properties and pharmacological activities with potential benefits to human health. despite their importance, the biosynthetic pathways of these compounds remain to be elucidated. peanut (arachis hypogaea) hairy root cultures produce a diverse array of prenylated stilbenoids upon treatment with elicitors. using metabolic inhibitors of the plastidic and cytosolic isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways, we demonstrated that ... | 2016 | 27356974 |
| dba lectin binds to highly proliferative mouse erythroleukemia cells. | hematopoietic malignancies lead to disease states involving abnormal proliferation of blood cells. ki-67 and carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (cfse) are assays used to examine the proliferation status of cells but affect cell viability. in this study, we used lectins to bind to surfaces of proliferating cells with different phenotypes while preserving cell viability. | 2016 | 27354633 |
| boiling and frying peanuts decreases soluble peanut (arachis hypogaea) allergens ara h 1 and ara h 2 but does not generate hypoallergenic peanuts. | peanut allergy continues to be a problem in most developed countries of the world. we sought a processing method that would alter allergenic peanut proteins, such that allergen recognition by ige from allergic individuals would be significantly reduced or eliminated. such a method would render accidental exposures to trace amounts of peanuts safer. a combination of boiling and frying decreased recovery of ara h 1 and ara h 2 at their expected mws. in contrast, treatment with high pressures under ... | 2016 | 27310538 |
| comparative leaf proteomics of drought-tolerant and -susceptible peanut in response to water stress. | water stress (ws) predisposes peanut plants to fungal infection resulting in pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. major changes during water stress including oxidative stress, lead to destruction of photosynthetic apparatus and other macromolecules within cells. two peanut cultivars with diverse drought tolerance characteristics were subjected to ws, and their leaf proteome was compared using two-dimensional electrophoresis complemented with maldi-tof/tof mass spectrometry. ninety-six protein sp ... | 2016 | 27282920 |
| extraction, purification and primary characterization of polysaccharides from defatted peanut (arachis hypogaea) cakes. | the hot-water extraction, purification and characterization of polysaccharides from defatted peanut cake (ppc) were investigated in this study. a box-behnken factorial design (bbd) was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables, namely extraction temperature (x₁), extraction time (x₂) and ratio of water to raw material (x₃). the optimum conditions were 85 °c, 3 h and 20:1 (ml/g) respectively. regression analysis was done to reveal the experimental results which include 34.97% ... | 2016 | 27258246 |
| genomic survey sequencing for development and validation of single-locus ssr markers in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | single-locus markers have many advantages compared with multi-locus markers in genetic and breeding studies because their alleles can be assigned to particular genomic loci in diversity analyses. however, there is little research on single-locus ssr markers in peanut. through the de novo assembly of dna sequencing reads of a. hypogaea, we developed single-locus ssr markers in a genomic survey for better application in genetic and breeding studies of peanut. | 2016 | 27251557 |
| draft genome of the peanut a-genome progenitor (arachis duranensis) provides insights into geocarpy, oil biosynthesis, and allergens. | peanut or groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.), a legume of south american origin, has high seed oil content (45-56%) and is a staple crop in semiarid tropical and subtropical regions, partially because of drought tolerance conferred by its geocarpic reproductive strategy. we present a draft genome of the peanut a-genome progenitor, arachis duranensis, and 50,324 protein-coding gene models. patterns of gene duplication suggest the peanut lineage has been affected by at least three polyploidizations s ... | 2016 | 27247390 |
| characterization and transferable utility of microsatellite markers in the wild and cultivated arachis species. | microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (ssr) is one of the most widely distributed molecular markers that have been widely utilized to assess genetic diversity and genetic mapping for important traits in plants. however, the understanding of microsatellite characteristics in arachis species and the currently available amount of high-quality ssr markers remain limited. in this study, we identified 16,435 genome survey sequences ssrs (gss-ssrs) and 40,199 expressed sequence tag ssrs (est-ssrs) i ... | 2016 | 27243460 |
| gene expression profiling during seed-filling process in peanut with emphasis on oil biosynthesis networks. | pod-filling is an important stage of peanut (arachis hypogaea) seed development. it is partially controlled by genetic factors, as cultivars considerably vary in pod-filling potential. here, a study was done to detect changes in mrna levels that accompany pod-filling processes. four seed developmental stages were sampled from two peanut genotypes differing in their oil content and pod-filling potential. transcriptome data were generated by rna-seq and explored with respect to genic and subgenomi ... | 2016 | 27181953 |
| identification of peanut (arachis hypogaea) chromosomes using a fluorescence in situ hybridization system reveals multiple hybridization events during tetraploid peanut formation. | the cultivated peanut arachis hypogaea (aabb) is thought to have originated from the hybridization of arachis duranensis (aa) and arachis ipaënsis (bb) followed by spontaneous chromosome doubling. in this study, we cloned and analyzed chromosome markers from cultivated peanut and its wild relatives. a fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish)-based karyotyping cocktail was developed with which to study the karyotypes and chromosome evolution of peanut and its wild relatives. karyotypes were cons ... | 2016 | 27176118 |
| segregation of nod-containing and nod-deficient bradyrhizobia as endosymbionts of arachis hypogaea and as endophytes of oryza sativa in intercropped fields of bengal basin, india. | bradyrhizobial invasion in dalbergoid legumes like arachis hypogaea and endophytic bacterial invasions in non-legumes like oryza sativa occur through epidermal cracks. here, we show that there is no overlap between the bradyrhizobial consortia that endosymbiotically and endophytically colonise these plants. to minimise contrast due to phylogeographic isolation, strains were collected from arachis/oryza intercropped fields and a total of 17 bradyrhizobia from arachis (wbah) and 13 from oryza (wbo ... | 2016 | 27102878 |
| chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics and yield responses in rainfed crops with variable potassium nutrition in k deficient semi-arid alfisols. | optimum potassium (k) nutrition in semi-arid regions may help crop plants to overcome constraints in their growth and development such as moisture stress, leading to higher productivity of rainfed crops, thus judicious k management is essential. a study was conducted to evaluate the importance of k nutrition on physiological processes like photosynthesis through chlorophyll a fluorescence and chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics (ojip) of rainfed crops viz., maize (zea mays l.), pearl mil ... | 2016 | 27101276 |
| regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway: a mechanism of selenium tolerance in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) seedlings. | to clarify the mechanisms of selenium (se) tolerance in peanut seedlings, we grew peanut seedlings with sodium selenite (0, 3, and 6 mg/l), and investigated the phenylpropanoids metabolism in seedling roots. the results showed that selenite up-regulated the expression of genes and related enzyme activities involving in the phenylpropanoids biosynthesis cascade, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, trans-cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrog ... | 2016 | 27089243 |
| production and quality of beef from young bulls fed diets supplemented with peanut cake. | peanut cake is a biodiesel byproduct that has been tested as an alternative feed additive for use in cattle production. this study aimed to assess the importance of dietary peanut cake inclusion for young bull growth rate, beef production, and beef quality. in total, 32 nellore young bulls individually housed in stalls with a mean initial body weight of 390±43.5kg were distributed in a completely randomized design for the experiment. the animals were fed tifton 85 hay and one of four concentrate ... | 2016 | 27050756 |
| an oxidative burst and its attenuation by bacterial peroxidase activity is required for optimal establishment of the arachis hypogaea-bradyrhizobium sp. symbiosis. | the main purpose of this study was to determine whether the arachis hypogaea l. root oxidative burst, produced at early stages of its symbiotic interaction with bradyrhizobium sp. semia 6144, and the bacterial antioxidant system are required for the successful development of this interaction. | 2016 | 27037857 |
| allergens of arachis hypogaea and the effect of processing on their detection by elisa. | food allergies are an emerging public health problem in industrialized areas of the world. they represent a considerable health problem in these areas because of the relatively high number of reported cases. usually, food allergens are proteins or glycoproteins with a molecular mass ranging from 10 to 70 kda. among the food allergies, peanut is accounted to be responsible for more than 50% of the food allergy fatalities. threshold doses for peanut allergenic reactions have been found to range fr ... | 2016 | 26931300 |
| supplementation with a new trypsin inhibitor from peanut is associated with reduced fasting glucose, weight control, and increased plasma cck secretion in an animal model. | ingestion of peanuts may have a beneficial effect on weight control, possibly due to the satietogenic action of trypsin inhibitors. the aim of this study was to isolate a new trypsin inhibitor in a typical brazilian peanut sweet (paçoca) and evaluate its effect in biochemical parameters, weight gain and food intake in male wistar rats. the trypsin inhibitor in peanut paçoca (ahti) was isolated. experimental diets were prepared with ain-93g supplemented with ahti. animals had their weight and foo ... | 2016 | 26928305 |
| allergenicity attributes of different peanut market types. | four different market classes of peanut (runner, virginia spanish, and valencia) are commonly consumed in western countries, but for some consumers peanuts are a main cause of food-induced anaphylaxis. limited information is available on the comparative allergenicity of these distinct market classes. the aim of this study was to compare allergenicity attributes of different peanut cultivars. the protein content and protein profiles were highly comparable for all tested cultivars. all cultivar sa ... | 2016 | 26921497 |
| influence of heat treatment on the structure and core ige-binding epitopes of rara h 2.02. | the rara h 2.02 was studied to determine the influence of heat treatment on its structure and core ige-binding epitopes. the results of sds-page, western blotting, maldi-tof-ms, and atomic force microscopy showed that the structure of rara h 2.02 was altered after boiling (100°c) or autoclaving (121°c) for 20min. furthermore, some of the protein may be aggregated. results of circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the α-helices content was reduced, while β-turns and random coils were increas ... | 2016 | 26920311 |
| cloning and characterization of spl-family genes in the peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | squamosa promoter-binding protein-like (spl) proteins play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stressors. the peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is a globally important oil crop. in this study, we cloned the full-length cdna of 15 spls in the peanut by transcriptome sequencing and rapid amplification of cdna ends, and analyzed their genomic dna sequences. cdna lengths varied significantly, from 369 to 3102 bp. the sbp domain of the peanut spl proteins was highly ... | 2016 | 26909986 |
| the genome sequences of arachis duranensis and arachis ipaensis, the diploid ancestors of cultivated peanut. | cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid with closely related subgenomes of a total size of ∼2.7 gb. this makes the assembly of chromosomal pseudomolecules very challenging. as a foundation to understanding the genome of cultivated peanut, we report the genome sequences of its diploid ancestors (arachis duranensis and arachis ipaensis). we show that these genomes are similar to cultivated peanut's a and b subgenomes and use them to identify candidate disease resistance genes, to ... | 2016 | 26901068 |
| identification of genes differentially expressed during early interactions between the stem rot fungus (sclerotium rolfsii) and peanut (arachis hypogaea) cultivars with increasing disease resistance levels. | sclerotium rolfsii, a destructive soil-borne fungal pathogen causes stem rot of the cultivated peanut, arachis hypogaea. this study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with peanut resistance and fungal virulence. four peanut cultivars (a100-32, georgia green, ga-07w and york) with increasing resistance levels were inoculated with a virulent s. rolfsii strain to study the early plant-pathogen interaction. 454 sequencing was performed on rnas from infected tissue collected ... | 2016 | 26856448 |
| palm oil and ground nut oil supplementation effects on blood glucose and antioxidant status in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. | this study investigated the effects of two common cooking oils (palm oil, po) and (groundnut oil, go) supplementation on the antioxidant status and diabetic indices in alloxan (100mg/kg) induced diabetic wistar rats. a total of forty-eight wistar rats of both sexes were used for this study. they were divided into four groups of 12 animals each as: control, diabetic non-supplemented, diabetic supplemented with po (200mg/kg/day) and diabetic supplemented with go (200mg/kg/day) rats. blood glucose, ... | 2016 | 26826842 |
| germinating peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) seedlings attenuated selenite-induced toxicity by activating the antioxidant enzymes and mediating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. | selenite can enhance the selenium nutrition level of crops, but excessive selenite may be toxic to plant growth. to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the role of selenite in production and detoxification of oxidative toxicity, peanut seedlings were developed with sodium selenite (0, 3, and 6 mg/l). the effects of selenite on antioxidant capacity, transcript levels of antioxidant enzyme genes, and enzyme activities in hypocotyl were investigated. the cuzn-sod, gsh-px, gst, and apx gene expressi ... | 2016 | 26824138 |
| enhanced approaches for identifying amadori products: application to peanut allergens. | the dry roasting of peanuts is suggested to influence allergic sensitization as a result of the formation of advanced glycation end products (ages) on peanut proteins. identifying ages is technically challenging. the ages of a peanut allergen were probed with nano-scale liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (nanolc-esi-ms) and tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) analyses. amadori product ions matched to expected peptides and yielded fragments that included a loss of three ... | 2016 | 26811263 |
| quantitative trait locus analysis for pod- and kernel-related traits in the cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | the cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is an important oil and food crop in the world. pod- and kernel-related traits are direct factors involved in determining the yield of the peanut. however, the genetic basis underlying pod- and kernel-related traits in the peanut remained largely unknown, which hampered the improvement of peanut through marker-assisted selection. to understand the genetic basis underlying pod- and kernel-related traits in the peanut and provide more useful information ... | 2016 | 26810040 |
| data in support of proteome analysis of gynophores and early swelling pods of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | different from most of other plants, peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is a typical geocarpic species which flowering and forming pegs (gynophores) above the ground. pegs penetrate into soil for embryo and pod development. to investigate the molecular mechanism of geocarpy feature of peanut, the proteome profiles of aerial grown gynophores (s1), subterranean unswollen gynophores (s2), and gynophores that had just started to swell into pods (s3) were analyzed by combining 1 de with nano lc-ms/ms appro ... | 2015 | 26793750 |
| [characteristics of soil ph and exchangeable acidity in red soil profile under different vegetation types]. | the characteristics of soil ph and exchangeable acidity in soil profile under different vegetation types were studied in hilly red soil regions of southern hunan province, china. the soil samples from red soil profiles within 0-100 cm depth at fertilized plots and unfertilized plots were collected and analyzed to understand the profile distribution of soil ph and exchangeable acidity. the results showed that, ph in 0-60 cm soil from the fertilized plots decreased as the following sequence: citru ... | 2015 | 26785544 |
| crossability of arachis valida and b genome arachis species. | the peanut (arachis hypogaea) is an important food crop in much of the tropical and semi-tropical parts of the world. the peanut is an allotetraploid with an aabb genome formula derived from diploids a. duranensis (a genome) and a. ipaënsis (b genome). the success of an introgression program that aims to improve cultivated varieties of the peanut depends on whether the chosen b genome species is homologous with the b genome of the peanut. while not directly involved in the origin of the peanut t ... | 2015 | 26782402 |
| transcriptome profiling of wild arachis from water-limited environments uncovers drought tolerance candidate genes. | peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is an important legume cultivated mostly in drought-prone areas where its productivity can be limited by water scarcity. the development of more drought-tolerant varieties is, therefore, a priority for peanut breeding programs worldwide. in contrast to cultivated peanut, wild relatives have a broader genetic diversity and constitute a rich source of resistance/tolerance alleles to biotic and abiotic stresses. the present study takes advantage of this diversity to ide ... | 2017 | 26752807 |
| seed oil from ten algerian peanut landraces for edible use and biodiesel production. | as a result of a recent ad hoc prospection of the algerian territory, a collection of peanut (groundnut; arachis hypogaea l.) landraces was established, covering a remarkable array of diversity in terms of morphological and physiological features, as well as of adaptation to local bioclimatic conditions. in the present work, the oils extracted from the seeds of these landraces were evaluated in terms of edible properties and suitability for biodiesel production. as for edible use, a low free aci ... | 2016 | 26743667 |
| influence of tebuconazole and copper hydroxide on phosphatase and urease activities in red sandy loam and black clay soils. | the efficacy of two selected fungicides i.e., tebuconazole and coppoer hydroxide, was conducted experiments in laboratory and copper hydroxide on the two specific enzymes phosphatase and urease were determined in two different soil samples (red sandy loam and black clay soils) of groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.) from cultivated fields of anantapuramu district, andhra pradesh. the activities of the selected soil enzymes were determined by incubating the selected fungicides-treated (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, ... | 2016 | 28330148 |
| identification and evaluation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in allotetraploid peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) based on amplicon sequencing combined with high resolution melting (hrm) analysis. | the cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is an allotetraploid (aabb) species derived from the a-genome (arachis duranensis) and b-genome (arachis ipaensis) progenitors. presence of two versions of a dna sequence based on the two progenitor genomes poses a serious technical and analytical problem during single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) marker identification and analysis. in this context, we have analyzed 200 amplicons derived from expressed sequence tags (ests) and genome survey sequences ... | 2015 | 26697032 |
| new hybrids from peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) and synthetic amphidiploid crosses show promise in increasing pest and disease tolerance. | the primary gene pool of the cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l., allotetraploid aabb) is very narrow for some important characteristics, such as resistance to pests and diseases. however, the arachis wild diploid species, particularly those from the section arachis, still have these characteristics. to improve peanut crops, genes from the wild species can be introgressed by backcrossing the hybrids with a. hypogaea. when diploid species whose genomes are similar to those of the cultivated pe ... | 2015 | 26681016 |
| glutathione s-transferase slgste1 in spodoptera litura may be associated with feeding adaptation of host plants. | spodoptera litura is polyphagous pest insect and feeds on plants of more than 90 families. in this study the role of glutathione s-transferase epilson 1 (slgste1) in s. litura in detoxification was examined. this gene was up-regulated in the midgut of s. litura at the transcriptional and protein levels when the insect fed on brassica juncea or diet containing phytochemicals such as indole-3-carbinol and allyl-isothiocyanate that are metabolic products of sinigrin and glucobrassicin in b. juncea. ... | 2016 | 26631599 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for yield and yield related traits in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.) under different water regimes in niger and senegal. | yield under drought stress is a highly complex trait with large influence to even a minor fluctuation in the environmental conditions. genomics-assisted breeding holds great promise for improving such complex traits more efficiently in less time, but requires markers associated with the trait of interest. in this context, a recombinant inbred line mapping population (tag 24 × icgv 86031) was used to identify markers associated with quantitative trait loci (qtls) for yield and yield related trait ... | 2017 | 26594055 |
| allergen composition analysis and allergenicity assessment of chinese peanut cultivars. | peanut (arachis hypogaea) is among the eight major food allergens in the world. several attempts have been made to decrease or eliminate the allergenicity of peanut. systemic screening of thousands of peanut cultivars may identify peanut with low allergenicity. in this study, the allergen compositions of 53 chinese peanut cultivars were characterized, and their allergenicity to sera ige of chinese patients and in a mouse model was assessed. contents of total protein and allergens were quantified ... | 2016 | 26593515 |
| effect of end of season water deficit on phenolic compounds in peanut genotypes with different levels of resistance to drought. | terminal drought reduces pod yield and affected the phenolic content of leaves, stems and seed of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of end of season water deficit on phenolic content in drought tolerant and sensitive genotypes of peanuts. five peanut genotypes were planted under two water regimes, field capacity and 1/3 available water. phenolic content was analyzed in seeds, leaves, and stems. the results revealed that terminal drought decreased ... | 2016 | 26593473 |
| transcriptome-wide sequencing provides insights into geocarpy in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | a characteristic feature of peanut is the subterranean fructification, geocarpy, in which the gynophore ('peg'), a specialized organ that transitions from upward growth habit to downward outgrowth upon fertilization, drives the developing pod into the soil for subsequent development underground. as a step towards understanding this phenomenon, we explore the developmental dynamics of the peanut pod transcriptome at 11 successive stages. we identified 110 217 transcripts across developmental stag ... | 2016 | 26502832 |
| successful crosses between fungal-resistant wild species of arachis (section arachis) and arachis hypogaea. | peanut (arachis hypogaea) is the fifth most produced oil crop worldwide. besides lack of water, fungal diseases are the most limiting factors for the crop. several species of arachis are resistant to certain pests and diseases. this study aimed to successfully cross the a-genome with b-k-a genome wild species previously selected for fungal disease resistance, but that are still untested. we also aimed to polyplodize the amphihaploid chromosomes; cross the synthetic amphidiploids and a. hypogaea ... | 2017 | 26500440 |
| bradyrhizobium kavangense sp. nov., a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium from root nodules of traditional namibian pulses. | eight strains of symbiotic bacteria from root nodules of local races of cowpea (vigna unguiculata) and bambara groundnut (vigna subterranea) grown on subsistence farmers' fields in the kavango region, namibia, were previously characterized and identified as a novel group within the genus bradyrhizobium. to clarify their taxonomic status, these strains were further characterized using a polyphasic approach. in phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence the novel group was most closely re ... | 2015 | 26446190 |
| cloning and characterization of 5' flanking regulatory sequences of ahlec1b gene from arachis hypogaea l. | leafy cotyledon1 (lec1) is a b subunit of nuclear factor y (nf-yb) transcription factor that mainly accumulates during embryo development. we cloned the 5' flanking regulatory sequence of ahlec1b gene, a homolog of arabidopsis lec1, and analyzed its regulatory elements using online software. to identify the crucial regulatory region, we generated a series of gus expression frameworks driven by different length promoters with 5' terminal and/or 3' terminal deletion. we further characterized the g ... | 2015 | 26426444 |
| efficacy and insecticidal properties of some essential oils against caryedon serratus (oliver)-a storage pest of groundnut. | during storage groundnut is attacked by number of stored grain pest and management of these insect pests particularly bruchid beetle, caryedon serratus (oliver) is of prime importance as they directly damage the pod and kernels. hence, some essential oils were tested for their insecticidal and fungicidal properties. highest total bruchid mortality was recorded with the application of neem oil and pongamia oil at 10% (v/w) concentration and lowest in eucalyptus oil at 5% (v/w). number of eggs lai ... | 2014 | 26396354 |
| cadmium re-distribution from pod and root zones and accumulation by peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) genotypes may differ greatly with regard to cadmium (cd) accumulation, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. to determine the key factors that may contribute to cd re-distribution and accumulation in peanut genotypes with different cd accumulating patterns, a split-pot soil experiment was conducted with three common chinese peanut cultivars (fenghua-6, huayu-20, and huayu-23). the growth medium was separated into pod and root zones with varied cd concentratio ... | 2016 | 26370815 |
| molecular marker development from transcript sequences and germplasm evaluation for cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | molecular markers are important tools for genotyping in genetic studies and molecular breeding. the ssr and snp are two commonly used marker systems developed from genomic or transcript sequences. the objectives of this study were to: (1) assemble and annotate the publicly available ests in arachis and the in-house short reads, (2) develop and validate ssr and snp markers, and (3) investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of the peanut breeding lines and the u.s. peanut mini cor ... | 2016 | 26362763 |
| simultaneous column chromatographic extraction and purification of abscisic acid in peanut plants for direct hplc analysis. | abscisic acid (aba), a universal signaling molecule, plays important roles in regulating plant growth, development and stress responses. the low contents and complex components in plants make it difficult to be accurately analyzed. a novel one-step sample preparation method for aba in plants was developed. fresh peanut (arachis hypogaea) plant materials were fixed by oven-drying, microwave drying, boiling or carnoy's fixative, and loaded onto a mini-preparing column. after washed the impurities, ... | 2015 | 26343019 |
| insights into the novel members of the fad2 gene family involved in high-oleate fluxes in peanut. | the fad2 gene family is functionally responsible for the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid in oilseed plants. multiple members of the fad gene are known to occur in several oilseed species. in this study, six novel full-length cdna sequences (named as ahfad2-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -6) were identified in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), an analysis of which revealed open reading frames of 379, 383, 394, or 442 amino acids. sequence comparisons showed that ahfad2-1 and ahfad2-2 shared 76% ide ... | 2015 | 26332746 |
| pomgnt1 is glycosylated by mucin-type o-glycans. | protein o-linked mannose β1,2-n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (pomgnt1) is a golgi glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of the n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) β1→2man linkage of o-mannosyl glycan. pomgnt1 is not modified by n-glycans because there are no potential n-glycosylation sites; however, it is not clear whether pomgnt1 is modified by o-glycans. to determine whether pomgnt1 is o-glycosylated, we prepared recombinant human pomgnt1 from hek293t cells. the recombinant pomgnt1 was ... | 2015 | 26328495 |
| impact of location, cropping history, tillage, and chlorpyrifos on soil arthropods in peanut. | demand for agricultural production systems that are both economically viable and environmentally conscious continues to increase. in recent years, reduced tillage systems, and grass and pasture rotations have been investigated to help maintain or improve soil quality, increase crop yield, and decrease labor requirements for production. however, documentation of the effects of reduced tillage, fescue rotation systems as well as other management practices, including pesticides, on pest damage and ... | 2015 | 26314040 |
| bioassay-guided isolation of proanthocyanidins with antioxidant activity from peanut (arachis hypogaea) skin by combination of chromatography techniques. | purification and bioassay-guided fractionation were employed to isolate proanthocyanidins with antioxidant activity from peanut skin (arachis hypogaea runner 886). the crude extract was prepared with acetone (60% v/v) and purified using chromatographic methods, including a semipreparative hplc technique. as a result, two proanthocyanidins were isolated and identified using nmr, epicatechin-(2 β → o → 7, 4 β → 8)-catechin (proanthocyanidin a1) and epicatechin-(β → 2 o → 7, 4 β → 8)-epicatechin (p ... | 2016 | 26304352 |
| leaf aquaporin transcript abundance in peanut genotypes diverging in expression of the limited-transpiration trait when subjected to differing vapor pressure deficits and aquaporin inhibitors. | a plant trait currently being exploited to decrease crop yield loss under water-deficit conditions is limited-transpiration rate (trlim ) under high atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (vpd) conditions. although limited genotype comparisons for the trlim trait have been performed in peanut (arachis hypogaea), no detailed study to describe the basis for this trait in peanut has been reported. since it has been hypothesized that the trlim trait may be a result of low leaf hydraulic conductance asso ... | 2016 | 26303261 |
| the peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) gene ahlpat2 increases the lipid content of transgenic arabidopsis seeds. | lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (lpat), which converts lysophosphatidic acid (lpa) to phosphatidic acid (pa), catalyzes the addition of fatty acyl moieties to the sn-2 position of the lpa glycerol backbone in triacylglycerol (tag) biosynthesis. we recently reported the cloning and temporal-spatial expression of a peanut (arachis hypogaea) ahlpat2gene, showing that an increase in ahlpat2 transcript levels was closely correlated with an increase in seed oil levels. however, the function of t ... | 2015 | 26302041 |
| correction: introgression of the sbasr-1 gene cloned from a halophyte salicornia brachiata enhances salinity and drought endurance in transgenic groundnut (arachis hypogaea) and acts as a transcription factor. | | 2015 | 26252387 |
| annotation of stress-responsive candidate genes in peanut ests. | peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is an internationally important crop for human consumption as a good source of protein and vegetable oil. peanut is widely cultivated around the world in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate climate. because of its huge genome size (2.8 gb) and unsequenced genome, studies on genomics and genetic modification of peanut are less as compared to other model crops. as peanut can be cultivated in arid and semiarid regions, its growth is drastically affected by various ... | 2015 | 26239539 |
| proteomics analysis reveals differentially activated pathways that operate in peanut gynophores at different developmental stages. | cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea. l) is one of the most important oil crops in the world. after flowering, the peanut plant forms aboveground pegs (gynophores) that penetrate the soil, giving rise to underground pods. this means of reproduction, referred to as geocarpy, distinguishes peanuts from most other plants. the molecular mechanism underlying geocarpic pod development in peanut is poorly understood. | 2015 | 26239120 |
| isolation and characterization of an osmotic stress and aba induced histone deacetylase in arachis hygogaea. | histone acetylation, which together with histone methylation regulates gene activity in response to stress, is an important epigenetic modification. there is an increasing research focus on histone acetylation in crops, but there is no information to date in peanut (arachis hypogaea). we showed that osmotic stress and aba affect the acetylation of histone h3 loci in peanut seedlings by immunoblotting experiments. using rna-seq data for peanut, we found a rpd3/hda1-like superfamily histone deacet ... | 2015 | 26217363 |
| binding and stabilisation effects of glycodendritic compounds with peanut agglutinin. | a number of new polyhydroxy-dendritic structures have been constructed from a few basic modules. the cores were derived from n-tert(butyloxycarbonyl)tris[(propargyloxy)methyl]aminomethane, n,n'-bis-1,3-(tris-(propargyloxymethyl)methyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)isophthalamide, and n,n',n″-tris-1,3,5-(tris-(propargyloxymethyl)methyl)-1,3,5-benzene tricarboxamide while the terminal groups were derived from β-azido-galactose and β-azido-lactose leading to six new glycodendrimeric compounds with up to 63 hyd ... | 2015 | 26206739 |
| effects of drought on cadmium accumulation in peanuts grown in a contaminated calcareous soil. | this study aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on cadmium (cd) accumulation in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) grown in contaminated calcareous soils. five peanut cultivars were grown in a calcareous soil spiked with 4 mg cd kg(-1) soil (dry weight) under well-watered, mild drought, and severe drought conditions. the biomass production, gas exchange, spectral reflectance, and cd accumulation in plant tissues were determined. the five cultivars significantly differed from each other i ... | 2015 | 26194243 |
| analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from china, india and the us using simple sequence repeat markers. | cultivated peanut is grown worldwide as rich-source of oil and protein. a broad genetic base is needed for cultivar improvement. the objectives of this study were to develop highly informative simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers and to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from different breeding programs in china, india and the us. a total of 111 ssr markers were selected for this study, resulting in a total of 472 alleles. the mean values ... | 2016 | 26178804 |
| introgression of the sbasr-1 gene cloned from a halophyte salicornia brachiate enhances salinity and drought endurance in transgenic groundnut (arachis hypogaea)and acts as a transcription factor [corrected]. | the sbasr-1 gene, cloned from a halophyte salicornia brachiata, encodes a plant-specific hydrophilic and stress responsive protein. the genome of s. brachiata has two paralogs of the sbasr-1 gene (2549 bp), which is comprised of a single intron of 1611 bp, the largest intron of the abscisic acid stress ripening [asr] gene family yet reported. in silico analysis of the 843-bp putative promoter revealed the presence of aba, biotic stress, dehydration, phytohormone, salinity, and sugar responsive ... | 2015 | 26158616 |
| simultaneous analysis of herbicides pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen, imazethapyr and quizalofop-p-ethyl by lc-ms/ms and safety evaluation of their harvest time residues in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | this paper reports a simple and rapid method for simultaneous determination of the residues of selected herbicides viz. pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen, imazethapyr and quizalofop-p-ethyl in peanut by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). a modified approach of the quechers methodology was used to extract the herbicides from the peanut kernel without any clean-up. the method showed excellent linearity (r(2) > 0.99) with no significant matrix effect. accuracy of the method in term ... | 2015 | 26139867 |
| identification and expression dynamics of three wuschel related homeobox 13 (wox13) genes in peanut. | wuschel-related homeobox (wox) genes play key roles in plant stem cell maintenance and development. wox genes showed specific expression patterns which are important for their functions. wox13 subfamily genes as the ancestor genes of this family were less studied in the past. in this study, we cloned three arachis hypogaea (peanut) wox13 (ahwox13) subfamily genes from peanut: wox13a and wox13b1, 2. wox13b1 encoded a same protein as wox13b2, and there were only two-base difference between these t ... | 2015 | 26115849 |
| identification of fungus resistant wild accessions and interspecific hybrids of the genus arachis. | peanut, arachis hypogaea l., is a protein-rich species consumed worldwide. a key improvement to peanut culture involves the development of cultivars that resist fungal diseases such as rust, leaf spot and scab. over three years, we evaluated fungal resistance under field conditions of 43 wild accessions and three interspecific hybrids of the genus arachis, as well as six a. hypogaea genotypes. in the first year, we evaluated resistance to early and late leaf spot, rust and scab. in the second an ... | 2015 | 26090811 |
| identification of low ca(2+) stress-induced embryo apoptosis response genes in arachis hypogaea by ssh-associated library lift (sshall). | calcium is a universal signal in the regulation of wide aspects in biology, but few are known about the function of calcium in the control of early embryo development. ca(2+) deficiency in soil induces early embryo abortion in peanut, producing empty pods, which is a general problem; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. in this study, embryo abortion was characterized to be caused by apoptosis marked with cell wall degradation. using a method of ssh cdna libraries associated with l ... | 2016 | 26079063 |