| intestinal bacterial hydrolysis is indispensable to absorption of 18 beta-glycyrrhetic acid after oral administration of glycyrrhizin in rats. | gnotobiote rats were prepared by infecting germ-free rats with eubacterium sp. strain glh, a human intestinal bacterium capable of hydrolysing glycyrrhizin to 18 beta-glycyrrhetic acid. their faeces and caecal contents showed glycyrrhizin-hydrolysing activities (31.7 and 31.3 pmol min-1 (mg protein)-1, respectively) similar to those (81.0 and 39.9 pmol min-1 (mg protein)-1, respectively) of conventional rats, although there was no detectable activity in germ-free rats. when glycyrrhizin (100 mg ... | 1994 | 8021802 |
| in vitro activity of biapenem (l-627), a new carbapenem, against anaerobes. | we tested 441 clinical strains of anaerobes by using a broth microdilution method to determine the in vitro activity of biapenem for comparison with those of other agents. biapenem had activity comparable to those of imipenem and meropenem against all groups of anaerobes with mics for 90% of the strains tested of 0.06 to 2 micrograms/ml. against the bacteroides fragilis group, biapenem was more active than ampicillin-sulbactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, piperacillin, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, and ce ... | 1994 | 8031067 |
| enzymic o-sulfation of tyrosine residues in hirudins by sulfotransferase from eubacterium a-44. | the enzymic o-sulfation of tyr residues in a recombinant hirudin variant-1 (rhv-1) and its analog in which glu61 and glu62 were replaced by tyr, [e61y, e62y]rhv-1, was carried out by use of sulfotransferase isolated from an anaerobic bacterium from the human intestine, eubacterium a-44. although rhv-1 was not sulfated by this enzyme, the sulfation of [e61y, e62y]rhv-1 was observed, and three kinds of sulfated analog, whose c-terminal six amino acid residues were -pyy(so3h)ylq, -pyyy(so3h)lq, and ... | 1994 | 8033897 |
| bacteria invading periapical cementum. | the aim of this study was to determine whether microorganisms invade periapical cementum of human teeth from the adjacent periapical lesions. we therefore attempted to isolate microorganisms from periapical cementum through the adoption of standard anaerobic procedures for obligate anaerobes. samples of cementum were taken from 10 amputated tooth roots at the time of apicoectomy. from two of these samples, bacteria were recovered after anaerobic incubation, but no bacteria were recovered after a ... | 1994 | 8035155 |
| the phylogenetic position of hydrogenobacter acidophilus based on 16s rrna sequence analysis. | hydrogenobacter acidophilus strain 3h-1 is a thermoacidophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizer isolated from a japanese solfataric field. strain 3h-1 requires elemental sulfur for growth. we used pcr to amplify the 16s rrna gene of strain 3h-1, and sequenced the amplification product directly. phylogenetic analyses show strain 3h-1 is closely related to aquifex pyrophilus and may be located in the deepest branch within the eubacterial phylogenetic tree. sulfur-dependency of ... | 1994 | 8039650 |
| cloning and expression of genes coding for carbohydrate degrading enzymes of anaerocellum thermophilum in e.coli. | a gene library of anaerocellum thermophilum z-1320 was constructed in escherichia coli using plasmid puc18. clones were selected by screening for hydrolysis of cmc, mu-cel, lichenan and xylan. recombinant clones expressing two beta-1,4-glucanases and two different xylanases were obtained. both beta-1,4-glucanases were capable of degrading avicel. clones with xylanase activity also cleft pnpxyl, mu-glu and mu-cel. the genes of one beta-1,4-glucanase and one xylanase are probably located in the sa ... | 1994 | 8048920 |
| novel prenylated hemes as cofactors of cytochrome oxidases. archaea have modified hemes a and o. | a series of novel hemes with modifications of the isoprenyl side chain has been detected in archaea. heme a(s) was isolated from cytochrome oxidases of the thermoacidophilic archaeon, sulfolobus acidocaldarius. heme a(s) has the same spectroscopic features as heme a but has a hydroxyethylgeranylgeranyl side chain instead of the hydroxyethylfarnesyl group. this variant is also present in other archaeal oxidases as well as in the cytochrome oxidases of a thermophilic eubacterium. other archaea (th ... | 1994 | 8063781 |
| purification and characterization of a novel 17 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from an intestinal eubacterium sp. vpi 12708. | a novel steroid-inducible 17 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 alpha-hsdh) has been purified over 850-fold from an intestinal eubacterium sp. vpi 12708. the purified protein has a subunit molecular mass of 42,000 daltons and a native molecular weight (m(r)) of 160,000 as estimated by gel filtration chromatography. enzyme activity was induced by growth in the presence of androstenedione or cholic acid, but not deoxycholic acid. enzymatic activity required anaerobic conditions and was highly ... | 1994 | 8071614 |
| development and diversification of the last universal ancestor. | the majority of evolutionary steps in the development of basic cellular processes took place in the time interval after the "first cell" arose until the time of the "last universal ancestor". during this period, life evolved in a monophyletic way in which no stable diversity arose; i.e. although side branches developed, only one survived because of simple "survival of the fittest". the myriad of enzymes and processes developed in this time interval can be grouped in eight qualitatively different ... | 1994 | 8072294 |
| a new family of very long chain alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acids is a major structural fatty acyl component of the membrane lipids of thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus 39e. | a new family of alpha,omega-dicarboxylic, very long chain fatty acids was isolated and characterized from the lipids of thermophilic anaerobic eubacterium, thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus 39e. after the isolation of the membrane, the fatty acyl components were converted to methyl esters by acid-catalyzed methanolysis. the esterified fatty acyl components were purified by a variety of chromatographic techniques and analyzed by gas chromatography (gc) and gc-mass spectrometry (ms). one of the isola ... | 1994 | 8077844 |
| growth requirements of hyperthermophilic sulfur-dependent heterotrophic archaea isolated from a shallow submarine geothermal system with reference to their essential amino acids. | three hyperthermophilic sulfur-dependent heterotrophs were isolated from a shallow submarine hydrothermal system at an inlet of kodakara-jima island, kagoshima, japan. the isolates grew at 60 to 97 degrees c, with the optimum temperatures at 85 to 90 degrees c. sensitivity to rifampin and the existence of ether lipids indicated that the isolates are hyperthermophilic archaea. partial sequencing of the genes coding for 16s rrna showed that the three isolates are closely related to the genus therm ... | 1994 | 8085828 |
| an unclassified eubacterium taxon in acute dento-alveolar abscess. | the microflora of pus samples aspirated from 50 acute dento-alveolar abscesses was examined. a total of 143 bacterial strains was isolated, consisting predominantly of prevotella spp., alpha-haemolytic streptococcus spp., peptostreptococcus spp. and eubacterium spp. an unclassified asaccharolytic eubacterium taxon was encountered in 17 (34%) of the abscesses. this taxon was found to have a positive association with fusobacterium spp. and a negative association with alpha-haemolytic streptococcus ... | 1994 | 8107059 |
| biological characterization of cyclothialidine, a new dna gyrase inhibitor. | cyclothialidine is a new dna gyrase inhibitor isolated from streptomyces filipinensis nr0484. structurally, it belongs to a new class of natural products containing a unique 12-membered lactone ring that is partly integrated into a pentapeptide chain. cyclothialidine was found to be one of the most active of all the dna gyrase inhibitors tested in the dna supercoiling reaction of escherichia coli dna gyrase; 50% inhibitory concentrations (in micrograms per milliliter) of 0.03 (cyclothialidine), ... | 1993 | 8109932 |
| the reca gene from the thermophile thermus aquaticus yt-1: cloning, expression, and characterization. | we have cloned, expressed, and purified the reca analog from the thermophilic eubacterium thermus aquaticus yt-1. analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence indicates that the t. aquaticus reca is structurally similar to the escherichia coli reca and suggests that reca-like function has been conserved in thermophilic organisms. preliminary biochemical analysis indicates that the protein has an atp-dependent single-stranded dna binding activity and can pair and carry out strand exchange to form ... | 1994 | 8113181 |
| effects of polyamines on a continuous cell-free protein synthesis system of an extreme thermophile, thermus thermophilus. | a continuous cell-free protein synthesis system of an extremely thermophilic eubacterium, thermus thermophilus hb27, was constructed. this system produced ms2 phage rna translation products at a rate of more than 5 micrograms per hour per 1.9 mg of ribosomes at 65 degrees c and the production continued linearly for at least 340 min. when no polyamine was added, the system did not produce the proteins. the highest activity was recorded when 0.1 mm tetrakis(3-aminopropyl)ammonium and 1.0 mm spermi ... | 1993 | 8113228 |
| growth inhibition of clostridium difficile by intestinal flora of infant faeces in continuous flow culture. | growth of clostridium difficile was inhibited more strongly in continuous flow (cf) culture with c. difficile-negative faeces of infants than with c. difficile-positive faeces. culture of faecal flora of infants yielded a greater variety of bacterial species in c. difficile-negative than in c. difficile-positive faeces. in the mixed cf culture of c. difficile with enterococcus avium, bacteroides distasonis, eubacterium lentum, c. ramosum, c. perfringens and either escherichia coli or klebsiella ... | 1994 | 8114067 |
| a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with eubacterial features in the amitochondriate eukaryote, trichomonas vaginalis. | glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), localized in the cytosol of trichomonas vaginalis, was partially purified. the enzyme is specific for nad+ and is similar in most of its catalytic properties to glycolytic gapdhs from other organisms. its sensitivity to koningic acid is similar to levels observed in gapdhs from eubacteria and two orders of magnitude lower than those observed for eukaryotic gapdhs. the complete amino acid sequence of t. vaginalis gapdh was derived from the n-termi ... | 1993 | 8114116 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the proc gene encoding delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase from an extremely thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus. | a gene library of the extremely thermophilic bacterium, thermus thermophilus hb27, was constructed in escherichia coli, and recombinant plasmids able to complement proc mutants of hb27 were obtained. using the plasmids, the complete nucleotide sequence of the proc gene encoding delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (p5cr) [ec 1.5.1.2] was determined. the deduced amino acid sequence showed a significant homology to those of p5crs of e. coli, soybean and human. the proc gene of t. thermophilus ... | 1994 | 8123043 |
| characterization of eubacterium coprostanoligenes sp. nov., a cholesterol-reducing anaerobe. | a small, anaerobic, gram-positive coccobacillus that reduces cholesterol to coprostanol was isolated from a hog sewage lagoon. this isolate, strain hlt (t = type strain) does not require cholesterol for growth, but it requires lecithin and has phospholipase activity. much acid is produced by the fermentation of amygdalin, lactose, and salicin. arabinose, cellobiose, fructose, glucose, mannose, and melibiose are fermented weakly. acetic, formic, and succinic acids are produced, as is hydrogen. th ... | 1994 | 8123557 |
| effect of eubacterium limosum, a ruminal hydrogenotrophic bacterium, on the degradation and fermentation of cellulose by 3 species of rumen anaerobic fungi. | the degradation and fermentation of cellulose filter paper were studied in axenic cultures of 3 species of rumen anaerobic fungi, neocallimastix frontalis, piromyces communis and caecomyces communis, and in cocultures containing 1 of these fungal strains and eubacterium limosum, a hydrogenotrophic rumen bacterial species. when e limosum was introduced into fungal cultures a slight decrease in fungal cellulolytic activity was observed. the end products of the fermentation of cellulose found in th ... | 1993 | 8142039 |
| [antimicrobial activities of cefteram against recently clinically detected and isolated strains from patients with dental infections]. | to investigate the antibiotic activity of cefteram (cftm), the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cftm and of the control drugs were determined against clinically isolated strains received from november 1991 to april 1993 from 19 dental facilities throughout the country, as well as against clinically isolated strains from samples obtained at this center from patients with dental infectious diseases, and the following results were obtained. 1. 430 strains were detected in 198 cases but i ... | 1994 | 8151907 |
| sequencing and characterization of the ntp gene cluster for vacuolar-type na(+)-translocating atpase of enterococcus hirae. | we have previously reported the dna and amino acid sequences for the three genes (ntpa, ntpb, and ntpk) encoding the a, b, and k (proteolipid) subunits, respectively, of na(+)-translocating atpase of a eubacterium enterococcus hirae (kakinuma, y., kakinuma, s., takase, k., konishi, k., igarashi, k., and yamato, i. (1993) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 195, 1063-1069). in this paper we report the entire nucleotide sequence of the ntp gene cluster coding for this multisubunit enzyme. the cluster c ... | 1994 | 8157629 |
| transfer and expression of degradative and antibiotic resistance plasmids in acidophilic bacteria. | the genetic accessibility of selected acidophilic bacteria was investigated to evaluate their applicability to degrading pollutants in acidic environments. the incp1 antibiotic resistance plasmids rp4 and pvk101 and the phenol degradation-encoding plasmid ppgh11 were transferred from neutrophilic bacteria into the extreme acidophilic eubacterium acidiphilium cryptum at frequencies of 1.8 x 10(-2) to 9.8 x 10(-4) transconjugants per recipient cell. the incq antibiotic resistance plasmid psup106 w ... | 1994 | 8161188 |
| why is chlamydia sensitive to penicillin in the absence of peptidoglycan? | most eubacteria are sensitive to penicillin because the antibiotic inhibits synthesis of peptidoglycan, an essential constituent of their cell walls. a few eubacteria have no measurable peptidoglycan, and, with one exception, they are not susceptible to penicillin. the exception is the genus chlamydia whose members are just as sensitive to penicillin as peptidoglycan-containing bacteria. a numbers of ways to resolve this anomaly, penicillin sensitivity without peptidoglycan, are proposed. it is ... | 1993 | 8162358 |
| isolation of prokaryotic v0v1-atpase from a thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus. | the soluble atpase purified from an aerobic thermophilic eubacterium, thermus thermophilus, was not a usual f1-atpase but a v1-atpase, a peripheral section of plasma membrane v-type atpase (yokoyama, k., oshima, t., and yoshida, m. (1990) j. biol. chem. 265, 21946-21950). here, we report the purification of v-type atpase from the same bacterium (v0v1-atpase) which consists of v1-atpase and a membrane-integrated section, v0. the v0v1-atpase, either in the triton x-100-solubilized membrane fractio ... | 1994 | 8163530 |
| purification and characterization of a thermostable carboxylesterase from the thermoacidophilic eubacterium bacillus acidocaldarius. | a thermostable carboxylesterase from the thermoacidophilic eubacterium bacillus acidocaldarius was isolated, purified 1800-fold to homogeneity, and characterised. the apparent molecular mass was 36.5 +/- 2.5 kda when determined by sds/page and 37.5 kda when determined by analytical gel filtration, suggesting a monomeric structure. the pure enzyme regained activity on removal of sds after sds/page. several esterase activities were revealed in crude extracts by page and activity staining, although ... | 1994 | 8181479 |
| trypsin-dependent production of an antibacterial substance by a human peptostreptococcus strain in gnotobiotic rats and in vitro. | an antibacterial substance appeared within 1 day in feces of gnotobiotic rats harboring a human intestinal peptostreptococcus strain. it disappeared when the rat bile-pancreatic duct was ligatured or when the rats ingested a trypsin inhibitor. anaerobic cultures of the peptostreptococcus strain in a medium supplemented with trypsin also exhibited an antibacterial activity, which was also inhibited by the trypsin inhibitor. in vitro the antibacterial substance from both feces and culture medium w ... | 1993 | 8215361 |
| components of glycine reductase from eubacterium acidaminophilum. cloning, sequencing and identification of the genes for thioredoxin reductase, thioredoxin and selenoprotein pa. | the genes encoding thioredoxin reductase (trxb), thioredoxin (trxa), protein pa of glycine reductase (grda) and the first 23 amino acids of the large subunit of protein pc of glycine reductase (grdc) belonging to the reductive deamination systems present in eubacterium acidaminophilum were cloned and sequenced. the proteins were products of closely linked genes with 314 codons (thioredoxin reductase), 110 codons (thioredoxin), and 158 codons (protein pa). the protein previously called 'atypicall ... | 1993 | 8223622 |
| biosynthesis of vitamin b12 in anaerobic bacteria. transformation of 5-hydroxybenzimidazole and 5-hydroxy-6-methylbenzimidazole into 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole in eubacterium limosum. | eubacterium limosum transformed [2-13c]5-hydroxybenzimidazole not only into [2-13c]5-hydroxybenzimidazolylcobamide, but also into [2-13c]5-methoxy-6-methylbenzimidazolylcobamide and into [2-13c]5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobamide (vitamin b12). [2-13c]5-hydroxy-6-methyl-benzimidazole was used by this bacterium to form [2-13c]5-hydroxy-6-methylbenzimidazolyl-cobamide, [2-13c]5-methoxy-6-methylbenzimidazolylcobamide and [2-13c]5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobamide. the 1h-nmr spectrum of the 5,6-dimet ... | 1993 | 8223635 |
| [cytotoxicity of anaerobic bacteria isolated from infected root canal]. | bacteria in the infected root canal play an important role in the progression of the periapical lesion. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of bacteria isolated from an infected root canal on the periapical lesion. four obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated and their sonic extracts (se) were prepared. the cytotoxic assay of each se for mc3t3-e1 cell was used with respect to the morphological cell changes and [3h]-thymidine uptake. the following results ... | 1993 | 8228523 |
| cleavages of the o- and c-glucosyl bonds of anthrone and 10,10'-bianthrone derivatives by human intestinal bacteria. | a strictly anaerobic bacterium, bifidobacterium sp. sen, capable of hydrolyzing the o-glucosyl of sennosides was isolated from human feces. the bacterium stepwisely hydrolyzed sennoside b to sennidin b through sennidin-8-monoglucoside in pyf medium but not in gam broth. addition of d-glucose to pyf medium resulted in loss of the hydrolyzing activity in culture but addition of d-fructose did not affect the activity. coculture of this bacterium with peptostreptococcus intermedius led to rapid accu ... | 1993 | 8234419 |
| eubacterium yurii subspecies margaretiae is resistant to nonopsonic phagocytic ingestion. | we have previously shown that strains of eubacterium yurii are hydrophobic, as compared with human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns), possibly because of a crystalline surface layer (s-layer) covering the cell envelope of this potential endo-perio pathogen. the aim of the present study was to investigate the phagocytic ingestion by pmns of the three e. yurii subspecies, with special attention to bacterial surface structures and hydrophobicity. type strains of subspp. margaretiae, yurii, and sc ... | 1993 | 8248733 |
| microbiology of the pericoronal pouch in mandibular third molar pericoronitis. | the microorganisms associated with mandibular third molar pericoronitis were investigated using direct microscopy and anaerobic culture method. the pericoronal pouch was sampled with paper points in a) 8 patients without mandibular third molar pericoronitis and b) 6 patients with mandibular third molar pericoronitis. under the microscope, the microflora was found to be a complex mixture comprising gram-positive and gram-negative cocci, rods and filaments (including fusiform and curved rods), mot ... | 1993 | 8265205 |
| immunological specificity of oral eubacterium species. | antigens of eubacterium species including e. alactolyticum, e. brachy, e. nodatum, e. saburreum, e. timidum, e. yurii subsp. yurii and e. yurii subsp. margaretiae, which have been isolated frequently from periodontal pockets and associated with periodontal diseases, were extracted by ultrasonication from whole bacterial cells. antigens were also prepared from e. aerofaciens, e. lentum and e. rectale, which have been found in intestinal tracts and infected abscesses in human oral cavities. the an ... | 1993 | 8277247 |
| carbohydrate transport in bacteria under environmental conditions, a black box? | a typical eubacterium carries a battery of substrate transport systems which are the ultimate pacemakers for growth. these systems reflect a billion year old selection for coping with rapidly changing conditions in the environment and each of them is optimised for specific growth conditions. metabolic pathways in combination with transport systems can be interpreted as transient sensory systems, where a transport system corresponds to a sensor for external stimuli. characteristics is a tightly l ... | 1993 | 8279824 |
| utilization of xylooligosaccharides by selected ruminal bacteria. | the ability of ruminal bacteria to utilize xylooligosaccharides was examined. xylooligosaccharides were prepared by partially hydrolyzing oat spelt xylan in phosphoric acid. this substrate solution was added (0.2%, wt/vol) to a complex medium containing yeast extract and trypticase that was inoculated with individual species of ruminal bacteria, and growth and utilization were monitored over time. all of the xylanolytic bacteria examined were able to utilize this oligosaccharide mixture as a gro ... | 1993 | 8285663 |
| gene cloning, sequence analysis, purification, and characterization of a thermostable aminoacylase from bacillus stearothermophilus. | a genomic dna fragment encoding aminoacylase activity of the eubacterium bacillus stearothermophilus was cloned into escherichia coli. transformants expressing aminoacylase activity were selected by their ability to complement e. coli mutants defective in acetylornithine deacetylase activity, the enzyme that converts n-acetylornithine to ornithine in the arginine biosynthetic pathway. the 2.3-kb cloned fragment has been entirely sequenced. analysis of the sequence revealed two open reading frame ... | 1993 | 8285691 |
| sequence of the gene encoding ribosomal protein l11 from thermus thermophilus hb8. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding ribosomal protein l11 from the extreme thermophilic eubacterium, thermus thermophilus hb8, was determined. l11 amino acid (aa) sequences from mesophilic and halophilic organisms, as well as from another thermophiles, were compared with the t. thermophilus l11 aa sequence. | 1993 | 8294036 |
| studies on the prevalence of eubacterium suis in boars on farms in brazil, portugal and argentina by indirect immunofluorescence technique. | the main habitat of eubacterium suis (e. suis) is the preputial diverticulum of male pigs. e. suis can be transmitted from boars to the vestibule of sows at the time of mating and ascending urinary tract infections in sows may result. a total of 195 swabs of the preputial diverticulum was collected for prevalence studies of e. suis infections in adult breeding males on brazilian (n = 96 boars), portuguese (n = 78 boars) and argentinian (n = 21 boars) farms. the fixed smears were stored at 4 degr ... | 1993 | 8306860 |
| lead-ion-induced cleavage of rnase p rna. | pb(2+)-induced hydrolysis of rnase p rnas from escherichia coli and the thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus hb8 revealed one prominent site-specific cleavage in the two rnas and several minor cleavage sites in structurally corresponding regions of both rnas. data presented here and in a previous study [kazakov, s. & altman, s. (1991) proc. natl acad. sci. usa 88, 9193-9197] provide evidence for several ubiquitous metal-ion-binding sites in eubacterial rnase p rna subunits. with the t. ... | 1994 | 8307015 |
| [studies on the locality and the function of spirosome in bacterial cells: relationship between the production of spirosome and anaerobic glycolysis]. | the locality and the function of spirosome were studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and electron microscopy in peptostreptococcus productus, clostridium sp. hd-17, lactobacillus fermentum, eubacterium aerofaciens and escherichia cali b. when the bacterial cells in phosphate buffered saline were disrupted by sonication and fractionated by differential centrifugation, the spirosome protein was found in the cytoplasmic fraction and not in the fraction of ... | 1993 | 8315808 |
| recent taxonomic changes for anaerobic gram-positive and selected gram-negative organisms. | the strains formerly classified as streptococcus anginosus or "streptococcus milleri" have now been recognized as three distinct species, streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus intermedius. streptococcus morbillorum has been transferred into the genus gemella. four new species within the genus peptostreptococcus were recently named. a recent addition to the genus clostridium is clostridium argentinense, which includes clostridium botulinum type g. two new species ... | 1993 | 8324113 |
| oral and dental infections with anaerobic bacteria: clinical features, predominant pathogens, and treatment. | microbial populations colonizing the teeth are a major source of pathogens responsible for oral and dental infections, including periodontal diseases, gingivitis, pericoronitis, endodontitis, peri-implantitis, and postextraction infections. each entity has distinct clinical and microbial features. bacterial species associated with oral infections include actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, bacteroides forsythus, campylobacter rectus, eubacterium ... | 1993 | 8324136 |
| susceptibility testing of anaerobes with etest. | | 1993 | 8324149 |
| prokaryotic enhancer-binding proteins reflect eukaryote-like modularity: the puzzle of nitrogen regulatory protein c. | | 1993 | 8331061 |
| proposed pathway for biosynthesis of the s-layer glycoprotein of bacillus alvei. | the outer surface of the murein sacculus of the eubacterium bacillus alvei is covered by a surface layer (s-layer) glycoprotein. the glycan chain of this s-layer glycoprotein consists of trisaccharide repeating units with mannac, gal, and glc as constituents. from cell extracts of b. alvei, nucleotide-activated derivatives of mannac, gal, glc, and glcnac were isolated. furthermore, gdp- and dolichyl-activated oligosaccharides were obtained. on the basis of the isolated putative glycoprotein prec ... | 1993 | 8331079 |
| bacterial flora of the urinary tract of pigs associated with cystitis and pyelonephritis. | twenty-three cases of porcine cystitis and pyelonephritis were examined bacteriologically. eubacterium suis was found in 21 cases. the isolation of large numbers of escherichia coli in the upper urinary tract was associated with linear renal scarring. an unidentifiable streptococcus and enterococcus faecalis were isolated from a case of purulent ureteritis, pyelitis and pyelonephritis. the bacterial flora from cases of cystitis and pyelonephritis was different from that isolated from sows with a ... | 1993 | 8337800 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of thermotoga neapolitana genes coding for enzymes of carbohydrate substrate degradation. | a genomic library of thermophilic anaerobic eubacterium thermatoga neapolitana was constructed in e. coli using the ptz19r plasmid vector. some groups of recombinant clones with different cellulase activities were revealed: clones carrying genes for an 1,4-beta-glucanases, 1,3-beta-glucanases, beta-xylanases, beta-glucosidases and beta-xylosidases. one clone possessing avicelase activity was obtained. some clones were selected with amylolytic activities toward amylose, amylopectin and pullulan. | 1993 | 8352795 |
| retrobiosynthetic analysis of carbon fixation in the phototrophic eubacterium chloroflexus aurantiacus. | the phototrophic bacterium chloroflexus aurantiacus does not use any of the known autotrophic co2 fixation pathways. there is evidence for a new cyclic autotrophic pathway in which acetyl-coa is converted to 3-hydroxypropionate and further to succinate and malate. this hypothesis was tested by feeding growing cultures during several generations with 3-hydroxy[1-13c]propionate, [1-13c]acetate, or [2-13c]acetate, in addition to unlabeled co2. the relative 13c content of individual carbon atoms in ... | 1993 | 8354268 |
| structural studies of the antigenic polysaccharide of eubacterium saburreum, strain t19. | the antigenic polysaccharide produced by eubacterium saburreum, strain t19, contains unusual sugars, including d-glycero-d-galacto-heptose (hep) and d-fucose (d-fuc). a repeating unit of the polysaccharide is composed of a linear chain of d-glycero-d-galacto-heptopyranosyl tetrasaccharide as its backbone structure, i.e., -[-->6)-beta-hep p-(1-->3)-beta-hep p-(1-]2-->, and a d-fucofuranosyl disaccharide as a branched group, i.e., alpha-d-fuc f-(1-->2)-alpha-d-fuc f-(1-->, which is linked to o-4 o ... | 1993 | 8358741 |
| analysis of intestinal flora of a patient with congenital absence of the portal vein. | a 14-year-old female patient, admitted for a closer examination of liver tumour (hepatocellular adenoma), was diagnosed as having a congenital absence of the portal vein. the blood ammonia level (approximately 120 micrograms dl-1) in the superior mesenteric vein was markedly low compared to the normal value of 300-350 micrograms dl-1 in the portal vein. the decreased ammonia concentration and urease activity of the patient's faeces were demonstrated. the dominant intestinal flora in the faeces o ... | 1993 | 8364525 |
| effect of substrate composition on intestinal flora. | | 1993 | 8368862 |
| [clinical laboratory diagnosis in swine practice]. | necessity and facilities of clinical laboratory diagnostics in veterinary swine practice are discussed. the selection of suitable tests with regard to diagnostic relevance and reliability is pointed out. typical test features (sensitivity and specificity) as well as disease dependent parameters (prevalence, positive or negative predictive value) are presented and illustrated by means of urinary tract infections in sows. it is concluded that a specific selection of tests and probands closely rela ... | 1993 | 8368994 |
| [the treatment of eubacterium suis infections in boars]. | the main habitat of eubacterium suis (e. suis) is the preputial diverticulum of male pigs. e. suis can be transmitted from boars to sows at the time of mating, and ascending urinary tract infections (cystitis and pyelonephritis) in sows may develop. in this paper different methods of treatment were investigated to eliminate e. suis from the diverticulum of carrier boars (n = 33). local therapy and feed medication were administered separately or in combination. for local instillation into the pre ... | 1993 | 8368995 |
| levels of salivary iga antibodies reactive with bacteria from dental plaque are associated with susceptibility to experimental gingivitis. | serum igg, iga and igm and salivary iga antibody levels reactive with extracts from actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, eubacterium saburreum and streptococcus mutans, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in samples from 12 persons before, during and after experimental gingivitis. the participants refrained from cleaning their teeth until 50% of their gingival units showed bleeding after gentle probing, but not longer than 15 days. samples were taken fro ... | 1993 | 8394390 |
| genomic restriction map of the extremely thermophilic bacterium thermus thermophilus hb8. | a physical map of the chromosome of the extremely thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus hb8 has been constructed by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques. a total of 26 cleavage sites for the rarely cutting restriction endonucleases hpai, muni, and ndei were located on the genome. on the basis of the sizes of the restriction fragments generated, the genome size was estimated to be 1.74 mbp, which is significantly smaller than the chromosomes of escherichia coli and other meso ... | 1993 | 8416889 |
| tryptophan biosynthesis genes trpegc in the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus. | a dna fragment containing the trpegc gene cluster was isolated from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus. the products of trpe, trpg, and trpc from s. solfataricus were compared to the homologous products from a eukaryote, a eubacterium, and two archaebacteria, namely, a methanogen and an extreme halophile. they appeared to be equally related to the proteins from escherichia coli and saccharomyces cerevisiae, the percentages of conserved amino acids being roughly the sam ... | 1993 | 8416906 |
| initial steps in the anaerobic degradation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate by eubacterium oxidoreducens: characterization of mutants and role of 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene. | chemical mutagenesis and antibiotic enrichment techniques were used to isolate five mutant strains of the obligate anaerobe eubacterium oxidoreducens that were unable to grow on 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (gallate). two strains could not transform gallate and showed no detectable gallate decarboxylase activity. two other strains transformed gallate to pyrogallol and dihydrophloroglucinol but lacked the hydrolase activity responsible for ring cleavage. a fifth strain accumulated pyrogallol, althoug ... | 1993 | 8423143 |
| thermostable beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase from thermotoga sp. strain fjss3-b.1. | a beta-d-glucosidase and a beta-d-xylosidase were purified to homogeneity from the thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga sp. strain fjss3-b.1. both enzymes were largely cell-associated and were probably associated with the 'toga' structures of this organism. using sds-page they were found to have m(r) values of 75,000 and 92,000, respectively. the beta-glucosidase was active against cellobiose, sophorose and gentiobiose with km values of 59 mm, 2.7 mm and 6 mm, respectively. the beta-xylosidase ha ... | 1993 | 8427876 |
| sarcina ventriculi synthesizes very long chain dicarboxylic acids in response to different forms of environmental stress. | changes in the composition of membrane lipids in a strictly anaerobic, facultative acidophilic eubacterium, sarcina ventriculi, were studied in response to various forms of environmental stress. changes in lipid composition and structure occurred in response to changes in environmental ph. at neutral ph, the predominant membrane fatty acids ranged in chain length from c14 to c18. however, when cells were grown at ph 3.0, a family of unique very long chain fatty acids containing 32-36 carbon atom ... | 1993 | 8428957 |
| complete structure of the tyrosine-linked saccharide moiety from the surface layer glycoprotein of clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum s102-70. | in this study, we have extended and completed a previous investigation (p. messner, r. christian, j. kolbe, g. schulz, and u. b. sleytr, j. bacteriol. 174:2236-2240, 1992) in which we demonstrated for the first time in prokaryotic organisms the presence of a novel o-glycosidic linkage via tyrosine. the surface layer glycoprotein of the eubacterium clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum s102-70 is arranged in a hexagonal lattice, with center-to-center spacings of approximately 16.3 nm. molecular weigh ... | 1993 | 8444787 |
| chromosomal dna probes for the identification of bacteroides tectum and bacteroides fragilis from the oral cavity of cats. | a dot-blot hybridisation assay using high molecular weight dna as whole chromosomal probes was used to differentiate bacteroides tectum from bacteroides fragilis. 32p-labelled probes were compared with digoxigenin (dig)-labelled probes. the whole chromosomal probes were specific--differentiating b. tectum from b. fragilis and both from a variety of other species (including other members of the genera bacteroides, fusobacterium, eubacterium, and prevotella) found in normal and abnormal mouths of ... | 1993 | 8447083 |
| unassigned or nonsense codons in micrococcus luteus. | we previously reported that in micrococcus luteus, a gram-positive eubacterium with high genomic g + c content, certain codons ending with a did not appear in coding frames, including termination sites, and trnas that translate these codons were not detected. these facts suggest that at least some of them are unassigned (nonsense) codons, i.e. not assigned to any amino acid or to any stop signal. we have investigated whether aga and aua, universal arg and ile codons, respectively, are really una ... | 1993 | 8450550 |
| old yellow enzyme. the discovery of multiple isozymes and a family of related proteins. | using fast protein liquid chromatography, we have separated native old yellow enzyme from brewer's bottom yeast into three distinct fractions. two of these fractions are homodimeric forms of the enzyme while the third is the corresponding heterodimeric form. one of these homodimeric fractions is identical in every respect to oye1, originally cloned from brewer's bottom yeast (saito, k., thiele, d. j., davio, m., lockridge, o., and massey, v. (1991) j. biol. chem. 266, 20720-20724). we have clone ... | 1993 | 8454584 |
| eubacterial components similar to small nuclear ribonucleoproteins: identification of immunoprecipitable proteins and capped rnas in a cyanobacterium and a gram-positive eubacterium. | small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snrnp) particles play an important role in the processing of pre-mrna. snrnps have been identified immunologically in a variety of cells, but none have ever been observed in prokaryotic systems. this report provides the first evidence for the presence of snrnp-like components in two types of prokaryotic cells: those of the cyanobacterium synechococcus leopoliensis and those of the gram-positive eubacterium bacillus subtilis. these components consist of snrnp-immu ... | 1993 | 8458830 |
| uv red fluorescence of eubacterium lentum. | twenty-nine clinical isolates of eubacterium lentum and two type species were evaluated for the ability to fluoresce under uv light. twenty-one of the 29 isolates and both of the reference strains showed orange-to-red fluorescence. this fluorescence did not require blood or hemin in the culture media and did not fade upon air exposure. the fluorescent pigment, after extraction by 1 n naoh, showed peak excitation at a wavelength of around 400 nm. the capacity of e. lentum to produce fluorescence ... | 1993 | 8463378 |
| steroid metabolism with intestinal microorganisms. | as a result of the metabolic activities of numerous anaerobic microorganisms with sterols, bile acids and steroid hormones as substrates in connection with the enterohepatic circulation of these compounds, the intestine may be considered as an "endocrine" active site or organ. the review summarizes transformations of steroids by anaerobic intestinal bacteria, the physiological and supposed pathophysiological meaning thereof. the aim is to recommend further investigation in this field with respec ... | 1993 | 8478793 |
| cloning of the dna polymerase gene of bacillus caldotenax and characterization of the gene product. | the pol gene of the thermophilic eubacterium bacillus caldotenax was cloned in a plasmid and expressed in escherichia coli. the pcr method was used to clone the gene with no previous knowledge of the gene or protein sequence. the 3,329-bp dna fragment containing the structural gene for dna polymerase was sequenced. dna polymerase, as deduced from the dna sequence, consisted of 877 amino acids, had a molecular weight of 99,452, and was structurally homologous to the dna polymerases of the pol i f ... | 1993 | 8486614 |
| characterization of the baih gene encoding a bile acid-inducible nadh:flavin oxidoreductase from eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708. | a cholate-inducible, nadh-dependent flavin oxidoreductase from the intestinal bacterium eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708 was purified 372-fold to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity. the subunit and native molecular weights were estimated to be 72,000 and 210,000, respectively, suggesting a homotrimeric organization. three peaks of nadh:flavin oxidoreductase activity (forms i, ii, and iii) eluted from a deae-high-performance liquid chromatography column. absorption spectra revealed that purifie ... | 1993 | 8491719 |
| the eubacterium ectothiorhodospira halophila is negatively phototactic, with a wavelength dependence that fits the absorption spectrum of the photoactive yellow protein. | the motile, alkalophilic, and extremely halophilic purple sulfur bacterium ectothiorhodospira halophila is positively photophobotactic. this response results in the accumulation of bacteria in light spots (e. hustede, m. liebergesell, and h. g. schlegel, photochem. photobiol. 50:809-815, 1989; d. e. mcree, j. a. tainer, t. e. meyer, j. van beeumen, m. a. cusanovich, and e. d. getzoff, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 86:6533-6537, 1989; also, this work). in this study, we demonstrated that e. halophil ... | 1993 | 8491725 |
| eubacterium saphenum sp. nov., isolated from human periodontal pockets [corrected]. | a new species, eubacterium saphenum [corrected] sp. nov., established on the basis of the results of dna-dna hybridization, was proposed for strains isolated from human periodontal pockets. differential characteristics are given. | 1993 | 8494741 |
| cloning and sequencing of the genes coding for the a and b subunits of vacuolar-type na(+)-atpase from enterococcus hirae. coexistence of vacuolar- and f0f1-type atpases in one bacterial cell. | the eubacterium enterococcus hirae atcc 9790 possesses a h(+)-translocating atpase, and the deduced amino acid sequences of the genes coding for this enzyme have indicated that it is a typical f0f1-type atpase (shibata, c., ehara, t., tomura, k., igarashi, k., and kobayashi, h. (1992) j. bacteriol. 174, 6117-6124). we cloned the ntpa and ntpb genes coding for the a and b subunits, respectively, of na(+)-translocating atpase from the same bacterium, and the full amino acid sequences of the two su ... | 1993 | 8505293 |
| functional expression of d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima in escherichia coli. authenticity and kinetic properties of the recombinant enzyme. | the gene coding for d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima has been cloned and functionally expressed in escherichia coli. some 90% of the coding gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. the amplified gene segment was in full agreement with the previously determined amino acid sequence [schultes, v., deutzmann, r., jaenicke, r. (1990) eur. j. biochem. 192, 25-31] and was completed by the insertion of synthetic linkers usi ... | 1993 | 8508805 |
| significant recovery of nonsporulating anaerobic rods from clinical specimens. | eighteen isolates of bifidobacterium species, 99 of eubacterium species, and 38 of anaerobic lactobacillus species were recovered from 3,971 clinical specimens submitted to the anaerobic microbiology laboratory at the national naval medical center over a period of 10 years (june 1978 to june 1988). clinically significant infection was documented in association with 53 isolates recovered from 52 patients: 8 (44%) of the 18 bifidobacterium isolates, 30 (30%) of the 99 eubacterium isolates, and 15 ... | 1993 | 8513050 |
| aspartame as a source of essential phenylalanine for the growth of oral anaerobes. | phenylalanine and aspartic acid requirements were determined for 13 species of oral bacteria using the chemically defined medium omiz-w1. none of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides forsythus, eikenella corrodens, selenomonas sputigena, treponema pectinovorum, t. socranskii, or wolinella recta required either of these amino acid constituents of aspartame (l-aspartyl-l-phenylalanine methylester). phenylalanine was essential for the growth of capnocytophaga gingivalis, eubacterium ti ... | 1993 | 8514113 |
| black-pigmented gram-negative anaerobes in endodontic infections. | necrotic dental root canal infections are polymicrobial infections dominated by anaerobic bacteria. the number of different species in one canal is usually low, approx. 4-7 species. the species isolated most frequently belong to the genera prevotella, porphyromonas, fusobacterium, peptostreptococcus, eubacterium and streptococcus. the frequency of isolation of black-pigmented gram-negative anaerobes in endodontic infections varies from 25% to > 50%. pr. intermedia is the most commonly found pigm ... | 1993 | 8518758 |
| purification and characterization of protein pb of betaine reductase and its relationship to the corresponding proteins glycine reductase and sarcosine reductase from eubacterium acidaminophilum. | simple complementation assay systems were developed for the substrate-specific proteins pb of glycine reductase, sarcosine reductase, and betaine reductase, in which acetyl phosphate was detected as the product in all three cases. the betaine-specific subunits of protein b (pb betaine) responsible for betaine reductase activity were purified to homogeneity from cells of eubacterium acidaminophilum. the molecular masses of the two different subunits were 45 kda and 48 kda according to sds/page. t ... | 1995 | 8529639 |
| glycine reductase of clostridium litorale. cloning, sequencing, and molecular analysis of the grdab operon that contains two in-frame tga codons for selenium incorporation. | a 2.8-kb hindiii fragment, containing three open reading frames, has been cloned and sequenced from clostridium litorale. the first gene grda encoded the selenocysteine-containing protein pa of the glycine reductase complex, a protein of 159 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 16.7 kda. the second gene (grdb) encoded the 47-kda subunit of the substrate-specific selenoprotein pb glycine that is composed of 437 amino acids. the third gene contained the 5'-region of the gene for thioredoxi ... | 1995 | 8529640 |
| clinical, and light and electron microscopical findings in sows with cystitis. | the clinical findings, and urinary and morphological changes in the urinary bladder were investigated in 25 sows with a urinary tract infection. eubacterium suis was isolated from 12 of the sows but not from the other 13. the clinical signs did not always correlate with the morphological changes. the only clinical sign indicating the beginning of cystitis appeared to be a significant bacteriuria. other urinary changes occurred later when the inflammatory processes were more severe. in contrast w ... | 1995 | 8540207 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene coding for topoisomerase i from the extremely thermophilic eubacterium, thermotoga maritima. | a 2767 bp fragment containing a gene coding for a topoisomerase i from the extremely thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima (tm topa) has been cloned and sequenced. the protein is composed of 633 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 72,695 da. it shares significant similarity with the topoisomerases i of mesophilic eubacteria. the highest score is obtained with bacillus subtilis (44% identity); in particular, t. maritima and b. subtilis possess an insertion of 7-8 amino acids in ... | 1995 | 8547314 |
| open reading frame 176 in the photosynthesis gene cluster of rhodobacter capsulatus encodes idi, a gene for isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase. | isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) isomerase catalyzes an essential activation step in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. a database search based on probes from the highly conserved regions in three eukaryotic ipp isomerases revealed substantial similarity with orf176 in the photosynthesis gene cluster in rhodobacter capsulatus. the open reading frame was cloned into an escherichia coli expression vector. the encoded 20-kda protein, which was purified in two steps by ion exchange and hydrophobic in ... | 1996 | 8550491 |
| genetics, physiology, and evolutionary relationships of the genus buchnera: intracellular symbionts of aphids. | evolutionary studies suggest that 200-250 million years ago an aphid ancestor was infected with a free-living eubacterium. the latter became established within aphid cells. host and endosymbiont (genus buchnera) became interdependent and unable to survive without each other. the growth of buchnera became integrated with that of the aphids, which acquired the endosymbionts from their mothers before birth. speciation of host lineages was paralleled by divergence of associated endosymbiont lineages ... | 1995 | 8561471 |
| reduction of azo dyes and nitroaromatic compounds by bacterial enzymes from the human intestinal tract. | several anaerobic bacteria from the human intestinal tract are capable of reducing azo dyes and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the corresponding aromatic amines with enzymes that have azoreductase and nitroreductase activities. the majority of bacteria with these activities belong to the genera clostridium and eubacterium. the azoreductases and nitroreductases from three clostridium strains and one eubacterium strain were studied. both enzymes were produced constitutively in each of th ... | 1995 | 8565901 |
| phylogenetic analysis of butyrivibrio strains reveals three distinct groups of species within the clostridium subphylum of the gram-positive bacteria. | the phylogenetic positions of 40 butyrivibrio strains were determined by performing a comparative sequence analysis of the 16s rrna genes of these organisms. we found that all of the strains which we studied belong to cluster xiva (m. d. collins, p. a. lawson, a. willems, j. j. cordoba, j. fernandez=garayzabal, p. garcia, j. cai, h. hippe, and j. a. e. farrow, int. j. syst. bacteriol. 44:812-826, 1994) of the clostridium subphylum of the gram-positive bacteria, which also includes several clostr ... | 1996 | 8573495 |
| eubacterium minutum sp. nov., isolated from human periodontal pockets. | we describe eubacterium minutum sp. nov., which was isolated from human periodontal pockets. this new species was established on the basis of dna-dna hybridization data. the guanine-plus-cytosine content of its dna is 38 to 40 mol%. the results of differential biochemical and enzymatic tests are described. the type strain of this species is strain m-6. | 1996 | 8573510 |
| phylogenetic analysis of fusobacterium prausnitzii based upon the 16s rrna gene sequence and pcr confirmation. | in order to develop a pcr method to detect fusobacterium prausnitzii in human feces and to clarify the phylogenetic position of this species, its 16s rrna gene sequence was determined. the sequence described in this paper is different from the 16s rrna gene sequence is specific for f. prausnitzii, and the results of this assay confirmed that f. prausnitzii is the most common species in human feces. however, a pcr assay based on the original genbank sequence was negative when it was performed wit ... | 1996 | 8573517 |
| identification and discrimination of oral asaccharolytic eubacterium spp. by pyrolysis mass spectrometry and artificial neural networks. | curie-point pyrolysis mass spectra were obtained from 29 oral asaccharolytic eubacterium strains and 6 abscess isolates previously identified as peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms) with cluster analysis was able to clarify the taxonomic position of this group of organisms. artificial neural networks (anns) were then trained by supervised learning (with the back-propagation algorithm) to recognize the strains from their pyrolysis mass spectra; all eubacterium ... | 1996 | 8574131 |
| 7-azabenzimidazolylcobamide and 5,6-dimethyl-7-azabenzimidazolylcobamide, new vitamin b12-analogs synthesized from 4(5)-aminoimidazole by eubacterium limosum. | in anaerobic bacteria, glycine, formate, and the amide-n of glutamine are building blocks for the biosynthesis of the imidazole moiety of the vitamin b12-base 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole. these building blocks are also used for the biosynthesis of the imidazole moiety of purine bases. therefore we tested 4(5)-aminoimidazole, the base moiety of the purine nucleotide precursor 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide, for its putative function as precursor of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole. the anaerobic vitamin ... | 1995 | 8590628 |
| phylogenetic analysis of ruminococcus flavefaciens, the type species of the genus ruminococcus, does not support the reclassification of streptococcus hansenii and peptostreptococcus productus as ruminococci. | the 16s rrna gene sequence of the type strain of ruminococcus flavefaciens, the type species of the genus ruminococcus, was determined by pcr direct sequencing. a comparative sequence analysis showed that r. flavefaciens is phylogenetically related to a small cluster (cluster iv of collins et al. [m. d. collins, p. a. lawson, a. willems, j. j. cordoba, j. fernandez-garayzabal, p. garcia, j. cai, h. hippe, and j. a. e. farrow, int. j. syst. bacteriol. 44:812-826, 1994]) of organisms which include ... | 1995 | 8590686 |
| probing of tertiary interactions in rna: 2'-hydroxyl-base contacts between the rnase p rna and pre-trna. | a general method has been developed to analyze all 2' hydroxyl groups involved in tertiary interactions in rna in a single experiment. this method involves comparing the activity of populations of circularly permuted rnas that contain or lack potential hydrogen-bond donors at each position. the 2' hydroxyls of the pre-trna substrate identified as potential hydrogen bond donors in intermolecular interactions with the ribozyme from eubacterial rnase p (p rna) are located in the t stem and t loop, ... | 1995 | 8618931 |
| studies into the microbial spectrum of apical periodontitis. | this study examined the variety of obligate and facultative anaerobic bacterial species recovered from cases of acute apical periodontitis. a total of 19 root canal samples and 24 periapical granuloma samples were taken from patients suffering pain and discomfort. bacteria were identified by applying the following techniques: culturing on various media, gram-staining and using commercially available biochemical test strips. in addition, prevotella intermedia and porphyromonas endodontalis were d ... | 1995 | 8626206 |
| photolyase of myxococcus xanthus, a gram-negative eubacterium, is more similar to photolyases found in archaea and "higher" eukaryotes than to photolyases of other eubacteria. | we report the identification of the gene encoding a dna photolyase (phra) from the gram-negative eubacterium myxococcus xanthus. the deduced amino acid sequence of m. xanthus photolyase indicates that the protein contains 401 amino acids (mr 45,071). by comparison of the amino acid and dna sequences with those of other known photolyases, it has been found that it is more similar to the deduced amino acid sequences of the photolyases of "higher" eukaryotes than to the photolyases of other eubacte ... | 1996 | 8626418 |
| characterization of 16s rrna genes from oil field microbial communities indicates the presence of a variety of sulfate-reducing, fermentative, and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria. | oil field bacteria were characterized by cloning and sequencing of pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes. a variety of gram-negative, sulfate-reducing bacteria was detected (16 members of the family desulfovibrionaceae and 8 members of the family desulfobacteriaceae). in contrast, a much more limited number of anaerobic, fermentative, or acetogenic bacteria was found (one clostridium sp., one eubacterium sp., and one synergistes sp.). potential sulfide oxidizers and/or microaerophiles (thiomicrospira, ar ... | 1996 | 8633860 |
| clinical significance of dental root canal microflora. | previous work by this group has shown that a significant association exists between pain and the presence of either prevotella or peptostreptococcus spp. in dental root canals. the aim of this study was to examine a more extensive series of canals microbiologically, to determine whether any other particular endodontic symptoms or clinical signs showed specific associations with individual bacterial species. | 1996 | 8636492 |
| structural basis for the extreme thermostability of d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from thermotoga maritima: analysis based on homology modelling. | d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from a hyperthermophilic eubacterium, thermotoga maritima, is remarkably heat stable (tm = 109 degrees c). in this work, we have applied homology modelling to predict the 3-d structure of th.maritima gapdh to reveal the structural basis of thermostability. three known gapdh structures were used as reference proteins. first, the rough model of one subunit was constructed using the identified structurally conserved and variable regions of the refe ... | 1995 | 8637847 |
| simple sequences and the expanding genome. | recent analysis of the contribution of replication slippage to genome evolution shows that it has played a significant role in all species from eubacteria to humans. the overall level of repetition in genomes is related to genome size and to the degree of repetition that can be measured within individual ribosomal rna genes, suggesting that the entire genome accepts simple sequences in a concerted manner when its size increases. although coding sequences accept simple sequences much less readily ... | 1996 | 8639165 |
| reduction of oxalate content of foods by the oxalate degrading bacterium, eubacterium lentum wyh-1. | urinary oxalate may contribute far more than urinary calcium to the pathogenesis of urinary calculi. urinary oxalate may be reduced by restricting the intake of foods high in oxalate. the oxalate content foods might be reduced by oxalate-degrading bacteria. the purpose of this experiment was to reduce the oxalate content of foods with an oxalate-degrading bacterium which was isolated from the feces of japanese male. | 1996 | 8646596 |
| non-sporing anaerobes in certain surgical group of patients. | the magnitude of non-sparing anaerobic (nsa) infections has been defined in the postoperative wounds on colorectum in children (57.1%), general surgery (0%), abdominoperineal and uterocervical operations (11-45%) in gynaecologic and obstetrical cases and perforative peritonitis (25.8-32.3%). children below the 6 months age group bear less risk of acquiring nsa infection. under certain situations, metronidazole combats nsa infections in a better way than other antibacterials. the bacteriology of ... | 1995 | 8648152 |
| regulation of the cellulolytic activity of eubacterium cellulosolvens 5494: a review. | eubacterium cellulosolvens 5494 is a cellulolytic gram positive bacterium isolated from the rumen. substrate specific regulation has not been previously demonstrated in any members of this genera. however, we have recently found that e. cellulosolvens regulates some of its membrane proteins. growth on different substrates, including cellulose and cellobiose, gave different sds-page profiles of proteins from the membrane fraction. using scanning electron microscopy, we also found that growth of e ... | 1996 | 8652133 |
| thermocryptoxanthins: novel intermediates in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of thermus thermophilus | various thermozeaxanthins are the end products of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of the thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus. these compounds are zeaxanthin glucoside esters. carotenoid analysis and inhibitory studies led to the identification of most of the intermediates of the pathway: beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and several new carotenoids. the intermediates, identified by various spectroscopic methods as beta-cryptoxanthin glucoside esters carrying fatty acid ... | 1996 | 8661926 |