| genus- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes derived from 16s rrna for the identification of vagococci. | synthetic oligonucleotide probes specific for vagococci were designed from 16s rrna sequence data. molecular hybridizations with pcr-amplified rdna targets provided an unequivocal means of differentiating vagococci from related lactic acid bacteria (eg. carnobacterium, enterococcus, lactococcus) and identification at the generic and species levels. | 1992 | 1367902 |
| c-terminal identification of ad74, a proteolytic product of enterococcus faecalis aggregation substance: application of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. | sexual aggregation involved in conjugative transfer of enterococcus faecalis plasmid pad1 is enhanced by the sex pheromone cad1, which is excreted from recipient cells. a membrane-anchored 137 kda protein is a pad1-encoded aggregation substance designated asal, which is responsible for cell-cell contact and leads to the aggregation of cells. an ad74 protein is a proteolytic product corresponding to the n-terminal half of asal. the c-terminal of ad74 was identified as lysine at position 510 (k-51 ... | 1992 | 1368124 |
| transformation of lactobacillus helveticus subsp. jugurti with plasmid plhr by electroporation. | lactobacillus helveticus subsp. jugurti was transformed with plasmid, plhr (8.5 kilobases), by electroporation. the plasmid, plhr, consists of a cryptic plasmid, plj1, from l. helveticus subsp. jugurti, the escherichia coli vector pbr329, and the erythromycin resistance gene of pam beta 1 from enterococcus faecalis. maximum transformation efficiency of 1.3 x 10(4) transformants per microgram of dna was obtained by exposure to a pulse with an exponential decay waveform at 4 kv/cm with 25 microf c ... | 1990 | 1368569 |
| adsorption of streptococcus faecalis on diatomite carriers for use in biotransformations. | adsorption of cells on particulate carriers is potentially one of the most cost-effective immobilization techniques available. diatomite carriers, such as celite, have desirable physical properties, are inexpensive, and are suitable for both mycelial and bacterial systems. this work investigated the use of diatomite carriers as a biocatalyst support in a packed-bed reactor where l-tyrosine was enzymatically decarboxylated using adsorbed, non-growing cells of streptococcus faecalis. composition o ... | 1990 | 1369249 |
| enterococcus dispar sp. nov. a new enterococcus species from human sources. | the partial 16s rrna sequences of two unknown human enterococcal isolates were determined by reverse transcription in an attempt to clarify their taxonomic position. the sequence data indicate that they belong to a hitherto unknown species of enterococcus, for which the name enterococcus dispar sp. nov. is proposed. the type strain is ncimb 13000. | 1991 | 1370024 |
| molecular design of a eukaryotic messenger rna and its chemical synthesis. | a designed mrna consisting of 42 ribonucleotides having the cap structure was synthesized. the capped leader sequence of the brome mosaic virus (bmv) mrna 4, m7g5'pppguauuaaua (f-1), was synthesized by the phosphotriester method and followed by the capping reaction. a 32-mer consisting of an initiation codon (aug), the coding region corresponding to a bacterial pheromone cad1 and two stop codons, was constructed by the 18-mer (f-2) and 14-mer (f-3), which were synthesized by the phosphoramidite ... | 1992 | 1374557 |
| organisms in the prostate and antibiotics in the treatment of postoperative infections. | on 24 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with preoperatively sterile urine, who also had no history of urinary tract infection, the organisms in the prostate obtained through transurethral resection as well as in the anterior urethra were isolated. in 17 patients out of 24, organisms obtained in the prostate were identical to those in the anterior urethra; therefore, it can be concluded that another 7 patients had organisms in the prostate itself before the operation. these results would sugg ... | 1992 | 1374978 |
| induction of nitric oxide synthase is a necessary precondition for expression of tumor necrosis factor-independent tumoricidal activity by activated macrophages. | various bacteria and bacterial products induce in pure, lymphocyte-free bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes (bmmø) the generation of tumor necrosis factor, nitric oxide (no) synthase, no and nitrite (no2-), the flow of l-arginine to citrulline, and tumoricidal activity. the flow of l-arginine to citrulline and formation of no/no2- on the one hand and expression of tumoricidal activity were not always closely related; however, these parameters were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by ... | 1992 | 1375460 |
| characterization of enterococcal isolates by restriction enzyme analysis of genomic dna. | a restriction enzyme analysis (rea) of chromosomal dna for the intra-species characterization of enterococci is reported. the dna was extracted by a rapid method and digested with the restriction enzyme sal i to provide a characteristic 'fingerprint' consisting of 10-20 bands in the 1.6-5.0 kb range. one hundred and eighty enterococcal isolates were examined; 5 were type strains, 15 from an out-patient clinic and 160 from a geographically isolated british antarctic survey base. the epidemiologic ... | 1992 | 1379935 |
| cis-acting, orientation-dependent, positive control system activates pheromone-inducible conjugation functions at distances greater than 10 kilobases upstream from its target in enterococcus faecalis. | the prgb gene encodes the surface protein, asc10, which mediates cell aggregation, resulting in high-frequency conjugative transfer of the pheromone-inducible tetracycline-resistance plasmid pcf10 in enterococcus faecalis. messenger rna analysis by northern blot hybridization and primer extension indicates that prgb transcription is pheromone-inducible and monocistronic. previous transposon mutagenesis and sequencing analysis of a 12-kilobase (kb) region of pcf10 indicated that several genes inc ... | 1992 | 1384040 |
| preferential activation of peripheral blood v gamma 9+ gamma/delta t cells by group a, b and c but not group d or f streptococci. | previous studies have established that inactivated mycobacteria are potent and selective activators of v gamma 9+/v delta 2+ human gamma/delta t cells. here we have analysed the proliferative response of human gamma/delta t cells to five serologically distinct groups of streptococci. while heat-inactivated streptococci of all five serogroups tested (a, b, c, d and f) induced a strong proliferative response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc), only groups a, b and c elicited a selective ... | 1992 | 1386299 |
| the bactericidal activity and postantibiotic effect of trospectomycin. | trospectomycin sulfate (trospectomycin, trs) is a novel, broad-spectrum, aminocyclitol antibiotic that is being developed clinically for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and gonorrhea. this study investigated the bactericidal activity (by time-kill kinetics) and the postantibiotic effect (pae) of trs. species-dependent bacteriostatic/bactericidal activity was observed for trs; the antibiotic was bacteriostatic for staphylococc ... | 1992 | 1386566 |
| [in vitro activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin against gram-positive cocci]. | the activities of vancomycin and teicoplanin against 148 strains of gram-positive cocci were tested using agar diffusion and liquid microdilution mic determination. tested strains included 84 staphylococci, 32 s. aureus, 52 coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns), 52 enterococci, and 12 streptococci. most strains (136) were susceptible to both agents, with inhibition diameters of 17 mm or more. mrsa strains exhibited lower geometric mic means with teicoplanin (0.90 micrograms/ml) than with vancom ... | 1992 | 1386667 |
| in vitro activity of decaplanin (m86-1410), a new glycopeptide antibiotic. | the in vitro activity of decaplanin (formerly m86-1410), a novel glycopeptide antimicrobial agent, was tested against 169 gram-positive bloodstream isolates from patients at the university of iowa hospitals and clinics and 12 selected vancomycin-resistant strains. enterococcus faecalis, e. faecium, staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, bacilli, corynebacteria, and listeria were inhibited by decaplanin (mics for 90% of the strains tested [mic90s], 0.12 to 4 micrograms/ml). however, some rarely iso ... | 1992 | 1386973 |
| [use of the streptotest for identification of enterococci and viridans-type streptococci]. | the new identification system streptotest (fy. lachema, brno) was evaluated. a total 118 well-known strains of genus enterococcus, streptococcus, aerococcus, stomatococcus and gemella were tested. the streptotest system rapidly and reliably distinguished genus enterococcus from genus streptococcus. this method identified correctly to the species level 65.9% of enterococci strains and 52.5% of streptococci strains. the streptotest was used for identification of a. viridans and s. mucilaginosus an ... | 1992 | 1387046 |
| enterococcus species in urinary tract infection. | significant urinary isolates have been prospectively recorded since 1971. enterococcus species, a common cause of nosocomial urinary tract infection, have been identified, and susceptibilities to a range of antibiotics have been determined. in addition, isolates in 1988 were tested for breakpoint susceptibility to vancomycin and teicoplanin. despite changes in the hospitals covered, isolation of enterococcus species rose steadily from 4% in 1971 to 12.6% in 1990 in hospital patients and from 2% ... | 1992 | 1387807 |
| efficacy of teicoplanin for enterococcal infections: 63 cases and review. | sixty-three cases of monomicrobial enterococcal infections treated with teicoplanin in two open clinical studies in europe from 1982 to 1989 are presented. infections were documented as endocarditis (n = 18); septicemia (n = 8); and urinary tract (n = 29), skin/soft-tissue (n = 6), or bone/joint (n = 2) infections. a total of 63 enterococcal strains were isolated; all of 29 strains tested were susceptible to teicoplanin (geometric mean mic, 0.16 micrograms/ml; range, 0.06-0.5 micrograms/ml). for ... | 1992 | 1387808 |
| isolation and identification of intestinal bacteria from japanese tree frog (hlya japonica) with the special reference to anaerobic bacteria. | the bacteria in the large intestines of eight japanese tree frogs (hlya japonica) were enumerated by using an anaerobic culture system. the microorganisms at approximately 3.1 x 10(9) bacteria per g (wet weight) of intestinal contents were present in the intestine of all the frogs tested. no difference of the total bacteria in the frog intestine was observed between two different incubation-temperatures (room temperature and 37 degrees c). eleven genera and 16 species were isolated from the frog ... | 1992 | 1391180 |
| new high-content disks for determination of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis. | disks impregnated with 500 and 1000 micrograms of streptomycin, 1000 micrograms of kanamycin and 250 and 500 micrograms of gentamicin were used for detection of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides in 120 clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis. fifty-seven strains were highly resistant to streptomycin, 80 to kanamycin and 41 to gentamicin. using disks containing 500 micrograms of streptomycin, 1000 micrograms of kanamycin and 500 micrograms of gentamicin strains resistant to high levels ... | 1992 | 1396758 |
| sequence of the vany gene required for production of a vancomycin-inducible d,d-carboxypeptidase in enterococcus faecium bm4147. | cloning and nucleotide sequencing identified the vany gene as a member of the vancomycin-resistance van gene cluster of enterococcal plasmid, pip816. the vany gene was necessary for synthesis of the vancomycin-inducible d,d-carboxypeptidase activity previously proposed to be responsible for glycopeptide resistance. however, this activity was not required for peptidoglycan synthesis in the presence of glycopeptides. the deduced product of vany did not display significant similarity with other d,d ... | 1992 | 1398115 |
| microbiological evaluation of the efficacy of chlorhexidine in a sustained-release device for dentine sterilization. | the aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine in solution and in a sustained-release device as an intracanal medication. hollow cylindrical dentine specimens prepared from bovine incisors were incubated with streptococcus faecalis for a period of 3 weeks. the intracanal medicaments tested were 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution (ch), chlorhexidine in a sustained-release device (1.2 mg) (sbd), camphorated paramonochlorophenol (cmcp), and a control (no medication). ... | 1992 | 1399048 |
| efficacy of a sustained-release device containing chlorhexidine and ca(oh)2 in preventing secondary infection of dentinal tubules. | this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the antibacterial activity of ca(oh)2 and a sustained-release device containing chlorhexidine (srd) in both sterilization and prevention of secondary infection of the root canal system. bovine root dentine specimens previously incubated with streptococcus faecalis were used in this experiment. two different formulations of the srd (differing in their cross-linkage), ca(oh)2 and normal saline (control) were evaluated. the degree of bacterial in ... | 1992 | 1399050 |
| the distribution of homologous enterococcal plasmid dna sequences in human faecal isolates. | hybridization was used to investigate the distribution of enterococcal plasmid sequences among 306 strains of enterococcus and streptococcus spp. isolated from faeces of humans of various ages. as dna probes for the survey three plasmids, whose dnas did not hybridize each other and designated as pms13, ptw34 and phk30, were selected from plasmids borne in ent. faecalis. ptw34 dna hybridized only with dnas from enterococci, with high frequency in ent. faecalis and low frequency in ent. faecium. p ... | 1992 | 1399908 |
| the relationships between salmonellas and faecal indicator concentrations in two pools in the australian wet/dry tropics. | the relationships between total coliform, faecal coliform, enterococci and salmonella concentrations were investigated at berry and howard pools in the australian wet/dry tropics. both pools have catchments with minimal human activity and no major point source of faecal pollution. forty-five indicator and salmonella enumerations were made from each pool over a 1 year period. salmonellas were isolated from 69% and 96% of samples collected from howard and berry pools respectively, the maximum (mpn ... | 1992 | 1399911 |
| in-vitro activity of rp 59500, a semisynthetic streptogramin, against staphylococci and streptococci. | the in-vitro activity of rp 59500, an injectable streptogramin derived from pristinamycin, was determined by agar dilution and compared with that of pristinamycin. two hundred and sixty-one recent clinical isolates of gram-positive cocci were tested against both antibiotics. the two compounds displayed similar activities. the mic90s of rp 59500 ranged from 0.5 to 2 mg/l in 114 strains of staphylococcus aureus showing various phenotypes of antibiotic resistance (penicillin-susceptible; penicillin ... | 1992 | 1399945 |
| a collaborative study of the in-vitro sensitivity to rp 59500 of bacteria isolated in seven hospitals in france. | the in-vitro activity of rp 59500 was determined against 1051 recent clinical bacterial isolates. the susceptibility to rp 59500 was determined with an agar dilution technique for all the isolates, while mics and mbcs were determined for 82 selected strains in broth. isolates of both staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci appeared to be potentially susceptible to rp 59500, independent of susceptibility to methicillin or mls resistance. (s. aureus: methicillin-sensitive, mic90 ... | 1992 | 1399951 |
| new vancomycin disk diffusion breakpoints for enterococci. the national committee for clinical laboratory standards working group on enterococci. | since 1988, when the first vancomycin-resistant enterococcus was described, several descriptions of failures of disk diffusion breakpoints to detect low-level vancomycin resistance (mics, 8 to 32 micrograms/ml) have been published. a four-laboratory collaborative study was undertaken to establish more accurate breakpoints for the disk test. mueller-hinton agar was used to perform dilution testing (in three laboratories) and disk diffusion testing (in all laboratories). results were determined at ... | 1992 | 1400949 |
| description and evaluation of the semiautomated 4-hour rapid id 32 strep method for identification of streptococci and members of related genera. | the rapid id 32 strep system (biomérieux, la balme les grottes, france) is a new system which allows the identification in 4 h of most streptococci and members of related genera encountered in medical and veterinary bacteriology. four hundred thirty-three isolates first identified by conventional methods and belonging to the genera streptococcus, lactococcus, enterococcus, aerococcus, gemella, leuconostoc, erysipelothrix, gardnerella, and listeria were tested. overall, rapid id 32 strep correctl ... | 1992 | 1400965 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common and unusual species of enterococci causing infections in the united states. enterococcal study group. | we collected 705 isolates of enterococci (1 per patient) from cultures of a variety of anatomic sites from patients at eight tertiary-care hospitals in six geographic regions of the united states. a total of 632 (90%) enterococcus faecalis, 58 (8%) e. faecium, 5 e. gallinarum, 4 e. avium, 3 e. casseliflavus, 1 e. raffinosus, and 1 e. hirae isolate and 1 biochemical variant of e. faecalis were identified; 606 (86%) of these isolates were associated with clinical infections. the most common sites ... | 1992 | 1401001 |
| transfer of pheromone-inducible plasmids between enterococcus faecalis in the syrian hamster gastrointestinal tract. | pheromone-responsive plasmids are common to enterococcus faecalis, transfer at high frequency in vitro, and carry cytolysin and other gene products implicated in the pathogenesis of enterococcal infection. a syrian hamster model of enterococcal intestinal overgrowth was used to test for transfer of three isogenic plasmids differing in conjugative and cytolytic phenotypes. transconjugants were found in 8 (44%) of 18 and 6 (35%) of 17 hamsters given donor strains containing cytolytic (pam714) and ... | 1992 | 1402034 |
| changing patterns of blood culture isolates from patients with acute leukemia: a review of twenty years' experience. | during the 20-year period, 1972-1991, 286 episodes of bacteremia occurred in 200 (45%) of 445 patients with acute leukemia in a hematology ward, giving an incidence of 482 episodes per 1,000 hospital admissions. the frequency of bacteremia was almost unchanged throughout the study period. the frequency of gram-negative bacilli decreased significantly, however, from 81% of all the isolates for the first half of the study period to 50% for the latter half. despite the common use of ceftazidime and ... | 1992 | 1402104 |
| in vitro assessment of rokitamycin against problem gram-positive cocci. | rokitamycin was more active than erythromycin against erythromycin-sensitive strains of staphylococcus aureus and enterococci, but somewhat less active against coagulase-negative staphylococci. strains with inducible resistance to erythromycin were uniformly resistant to erythromycin, while rokitamycin was active against such strains. strains with constitutive resistance to erythromycin were also uniformly resistant to erythromycin, and most were also resistant to rokitamycin. however, 5 of 21 c ... | 1992 | 1403073 |
| high-level aminoglycoside resistance among enterococci: evaluation of an agar screen susceptibility test. | seventy-five enterococci from infected (63 isolates) and colonized (12 isolates) patients hospitalized in various divisions of the policlinico umberto i, university of rome, were in vitro studied for high-level resistance (hlr) to gentamicin (hlrg) and streptomycin (hlrs) with adoption of a standard broth dilution and an agar screen test. the employed procedures provided equal results for 100% of the 75 isolates. of these, 21 (28%) showed hlrg and 43 (57%) hlrs. combined hlrg and hlrs were found ... | 1992 | 1403074 |
| molecular cloning and analysis of the gene encoding the nadh oxidase from streptococcus faecalis 10c1. comparison with nadh peroxidase and the flavoprotein disulfide reductases. | the gene encoding the streptococcal flavoprotein nadh oxidase (noxase), which catalyzes the four-electron reduction of o2-->2h2o, has been cloned and sequenced from the genome of streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis 10c1 (atcc 11700). the deduced noxase protein sequence corresponds to a molecular mass of 48.9 kda and contains three previously sequenced cysteinyl peptides obtained with the purified enzyme. in escherichia coli, the expressed nox gene produced a catalytically active product, which ... | 1992 | 1404382 |
| optimal method for culturing vascular prosthetic grafts. | vascular prosthetic infection may be underrecognized when identified by standard culture techniques. improved microbiologic methodology may enhance detection of bacteria in prosthetic graft specimens, and thus may alter clinical decisions. quantitative culture techniques were employed to compare three methods of enhancing bacterial recovery from dacron graft cylinders seeded with commonly encountered bacterial pathogens. methods included: (1) ultrasonic bath treatment, (2) direct ultrasonic disr ... | 1992 | 1405618 |
| photosensitizing activity of water- and lipid-soluble phthalocyanines on prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial cells. | the photosensitizing activity of lipophilic zinc-phthalocyanine (zn-pc) and its water-soluble sulphonated derivative (zn-pcs) towards streptococcus faecium and candida albicans was studied and correlated with the amount of cell-bound photosensitizer. with both micro-organisms zn-pcs was more tightly bound in larger amounts than zn-pc in the protoplasts of the cytoplasmic membrane. as a consequence, the photoinduced damage in s. faecium initially involved membrane proteins, while dna was modified ... | 1992 | 1406343 |
| proposal of a new scheme for the serological typing of enterococcus faecalis strains. | no systematic study on serotyping of enterococcus faecalis has been reported since 1964 when m.e. sharpe conducted serotyping of group d streptococcus in u.k. so, we attempted to re-evaluate serotyping of e. faecalis. for this purpose, we received 42 sharpe's strains and first examined for their biochemical characteristics as e. faecalis. only 9 of the 42 strains were identified as e. faecalis. we raised rabbit antisera against a large number of e. faecalis strains, including the 9 sharpe's stra ... | 1992 | 1406370 |
| enterococci in human periodontitis. | enterococci are potential pathogens in many human body sites. this study determined the subgingival occurrence and the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococci in 100 persons with early-onset periodontitis and 545 persons with advanced adult periodontitis. subgingival microbial samples were collected with paper points, transported in vmga iii and plated onto anaerobic enriched brucella blood agar or selective enterococcosel agar (bbl microbiology systems). enterococcal speciation was ... | 1992 | 1408361 |
| an anti-k apparently induced by enterococcus faecalis in a 30-year-old man. | | 1992 | 1412691 |
| vector construction, transformation, and gene amplification in clostridium acetobutylicum atcc 824. | in order to alter the primary metabolism of c. acetobutylicum, we have constructed e. coli- or b. subtilis-c. acetobutylicum shuttle vectors that could be used to deliver homologous fermentative genes into c. acetobutylicum atcc 824. the plasmid copy number and plasmid stability in c. acetobutylicum for several of these plasmids were determined. we have also developed a protocol for the electrotransformation of c. acetobutylicum atcc 824. difficulty in the transformation of c. acetobutylicum atc ... | 1992 | 1416617 |
| teicoplanin versus vancomycin for prophylaxis of experimental enterococcus faecalis endocarditis in rats. | teicoplanin was compared with vancomycin for the prophylaxis of experimental enterococcus faecalis endocarditis in rats. single intravenous doses of teicoplanin (7 mg/kg of body weight) or vancomycin (15 mg/kg) were given 30 min before bacterial challenge. two strains of e. faecalis (309 and 1209) isolated from patients with endocarditis were tested. bacterial inocula ranged from 10(4) (i.e., the inoculum infecting 90% of the control rats [id90]) to 10(7) cfu/ml. the mics and mbcs of teicoplanin ... | 1992 | 1416824 |
| continuous intravenous versus intermittent ampicillin therapy of experimental endocarditis caused by aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci. | we studied the efficacy of continuous intravenous infusion of ampicillin compared with that of intermittent administration of ampicillin alone or in combination with gentamicin for the therapy of highly aminoglycoside-resistant enterococcal experimental endocarditis. rabbits were infected with a gentamicin-susceptible (mic, 256 micrograms/ml) strain of enterococcus faecalis or a strain of e. faecalis which was highly resistant to gentamicin in vitro (mic, greater than 2,000 micrograms/ml). admin ... | 1992 | 1416826 |
| in vitro activity of mc-352, a new 16-membered macrolide. | the in vitro activity of mc-352, 3,4'-dideoxy-5-o-mycaminosyltylonolide, was compared with those of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (mic for 90% of isolates) for erythromycin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis was less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, similar to those of the other agents. the mc-352 mic50 for erythromycin-resistant s. aureus was 2 micrograms/ml, similar to that of rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (0.12 micrograms/ml) for ... | 1992 | 1416853 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of e1077, a novel parenteral cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum. | e1077 is a new injectable cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including staphylococci and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the in vitro activities of e1077 against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mic of e1077 for 90% of the strains tested [mic90], 0.78 microgram/ml) and methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mic90, 50 micrograms/ml) were similar to those of cefpirome and flomoxef. against enterococcu ... | 1992 | 1416879 |
| vancomycin resistance gene vanc is specific to enterococcus gallinarum. | nearly all strains of enterococcus gallinarum are resistant to low levels of vancomycin. the glycopeptide resistance gene vanc from e. gallinarum bm4174 has recently been cloned and sequenced. a probe specific for vanc hybridized with a 2.7-kb ecori and a 4.5-kb hindiii fragment of total dna from the 42 strains of e. gallinarum studied. no homology was detected with dna of strains belonging to other species intrinsically resistant to vancomycin, including enterococcus casseliflavus, a species th ... | 1992 | 1416893 |
| bacteremia due to vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium of van b phenotype during prophylaxis with vancomycin. | | 1992 | 1420707 |
| the activity of metal compounds against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of two metal compounds, jm-1397 (oso2[xylyl]2) and jm-2469 (aucl[s2cpet3]). both inhibited methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 0.5-2 micrograms/ml, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic90) of 1 microgram/ml for jm-1397 and 0.5 microgram/ml for jm-2469. similar concentrations inhibited methicillin-susceptible and -resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (s. epidermidis, s. haemolyticus, and ... | 1992 | 1424509 |
| antibacterial oxazolidinones. in vitro activity of a new analogue, e3709. | the oxazolidinone compound e3709, which contains a 4-pyridyl group, was found to be more active in vitro than other members of this series, such as dup 721. mic90 for staphylococci(including methicillin-resistant isolates), streptococci (including enterococcus faecalis), clostridia, and diphtheroids was less than 0.5 micrograms/ml. haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and bacteroides fragilis were less susceptible, with an mic90 between 2 and 8 micrograms/ml. e3709 mics of gram-negativ ... | 1992 | 1424519 |
| surgery in cholangitis: bacteriology and choice of antibiotic. | owing the frequent occurrence of intrahepatic stones in orientals, cholangitis presents a real problem. surgery and antimicrobial drug therapy are the main forms of treatment. a retrospective study of choledochotomy, including biliary tract surgery, performed between july 1987 and june 1990, was conducted. cases with negative common duct exploration during cholecystectomy were excluded. among 186 cases, 128 (68%) had positive bile growth, which was defined as cholangitis. sepsis-related complica ... | 1992 | 1427581 |
| faecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant enterococci in hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals. | | 1992 | 1429333 |
| microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on ureteral stents in vitro and in vivo. | thirty ureteral stents, inserted for 5 to 128 days following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, were examined for the presence of bacterial biofilms. of these, 90% had adherent pathogens (44% mixed organisms) on the stents, 45% of which were present in low numbers (10(1)-10(2) per 1 cm3 section) and 55% were in small and large microcolony biofilms (> 2 x 10(2)-10(7)). the organisms were recovered from the stents even though urine culture was only positive in 27% of patients. of the organisms ... | 1992 | 1433574 |
| [clinical evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium against infections in compromised children (malignancy, hematological disease, collagen disease)]. | eighteen immuno-compromised children (malignancies, hematological diseases, collagen diseases) with neutropenia and infections were treated with imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs), and the efficacy and the safety of the drug were evaluated. 1. responses to ipm/cs were excellent in 13 patients, good in 1, and fair in 4. none of the patients displayed a poor response to the treatment thus the efficacy rate was 77.8%. 2. of 5 patients with sepsis, 4 had excellent or good responses. ipm/cs was effe ... | 1992 | 1433890 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1988). i. susceptibility distribution]. | isolation frequencies and sensitivities to antibacterial and antibiotic agents were investigated on 801 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 9 hospitals during the period of june to november 1988. of the above total bacterial population, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus spp. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis: vancomycin was most active ... | 1992 | 1433906 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1988). ii. background of patients]. | clinical background was investigated on 916 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 9 hospitals during the period from june to november, 1988. 1. distribution of sexes, ages and infections: among males, fifties and older were most frequent and most of them had complicated utis. among females, most cases among twenties or thirties were uncomplicated utis. forties and older cases were most frequent and complicated utis were more frequent among them than amo ... | 1992 | 1433907 |
| [treatment of postoperative mediastinitis using an omental pedicle flap]. | four patients with postoperative mediastinitis who were treated by omentopexy at the fukuoka university hospital between 1989 and 1990. three of the 4 patients healed successfully, another one died of multiple organ failure 83 days after surgery. all patients were received coronary artery bypass surgery harvesting a left internal thoracic artery for ischemic heart disease. three patients had diabetes mellitus, one patient had renal failure preoperatively. recognition of mediastinitis was made by ... | 1992 | 1434254 |
| serum cholesterol levels in axenic mice colonized with enterococcus faecium and lactobacillus acidophilus. | hypocholesterolemic effect was shown in axenic, mono, bicolonized and conventional mice: the effect was different depending on probiotic properties of intestinal microorganisms. contamination by enterococcus faecium cx determined the highest effect: haematic cholesterol level decrease was 16.9% in females and 7.8% in males. in mice contaminated by lactobacillus acidophilus n5 the decrease of haematic cholesterol levels was less and not relevant in mice contaminated by conventional microflora. en ... | 1992 | 1435354 |
| [bacteriological examination of paper money]. | bacteriological survey of one hundred twenty currency notes was done. aerobic spore-forming bacilli (91%), staphylococcus epidermidis (63.3%), staphylococcus aureus (4.2%), enterococcus (24.1%), alpha-hem. streptococcus (4.1%), streptococcus pneumoniae (1.7%), corynebacterium (7.5%), lactobacilli (10.8%), klebsiella pneumoniae (31.7%), enterobacter (19.2%), e. coli (17.5%), proteus (1.7%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.8%), shigella flexneri (0.8%) were isolated from paper money samples. currency no ... | 1992 | 1435365 |
| absence of synergistic activity between ampicillin and vancomycin against highly vancomycin-resistant enterococci. | the emergence of clinical enterococcal isolates resistant to both ampicillin and vancomycin is a cause of great concern, as there are few therapeutic alternatives for treatment of infections caused by such organisms. we evaluated the effects of the combination of ampicillin with vancomycin against vancomycin-resistant clinical enterococcal isolates. using both the checkerboard technique and time-kill curves, we examined 28 strains of enterococci (17 enterococcus faecalis and 11 enterococcus faec ... | 1992 | 1444300 |
| pharmacodynamic interaction between rp 59500 and gram-positive bacteria infecting fibrin clots. | the fibrin clot penetration and in vivo bactericidal activity of rp 59500, a new semisynthetic streptogramin, for two staphylococcus aureus strains (one methicillin resistant and the other methicillin susceptible), two staphylococcus epidermidis strains (one methicillin resistant and the other methicillin susceptible), and one enterococcus faecalis strain were evaluated. the clots, inserted subcutaneously, were infected with a mean of 10(8) cfu of the pathogen per g. for each strain, groups of f ... | 1992 | 1444302 |
| sequence analysis of the beta-lactamase repressor from staphylococcus aureus and hybridization studies with two beta-lactamase-producing isolates of enterococcus faecalis. | the putative beta-lactamase (bla) repressor gene, blai, from the staphylococcal plasmid pi524 was isolated, and the dna sequence was determined. the sequence of blai was found to be identical to the blai sequence from pi9789 (blai blaz seg-1), a plasmid related to pi524. a blai probe from pi524 was hybridized with plasmid and genomic dna from bla+ enterococcus faecalis isolates hh22 and pa. the bla structural gene of hh22 has been previously shown to be of staphylococcal origin, but dna homologo ... | 1992 | 1444307 |
| bactericidal activity of ramoplanin against antibiotic-resistant enterococci. | ramoplanin, a new lipoglycodepsipeptide antibiotic, was uniformly active against 65 strains of enterococci, including strains highly resistant to vancomycin, penicillin g, and gentamicin. mbcs were usually within a fourfold dilution of the mics. in time-kill studies, ramoplanin alone demonstrated dose-dependent bactericidal activity against enterococcal strains that resisted killing by vancomycin or penicillin in combination with gentamicin. | 1992 | 1444316 |
| routine procedures for isolation and identification of enterococci and fecal streptococci. | over the past 6 years, a revised classification of the streptococci and enterococci, based primarily on molecular techniques such as 16s rrna sequencing and dna-dna hybridization, emerged. however, little attention was placed on routine physiological tests that could be used in food and clinical laboratories to differentiate between species of a new genus, enterococcus, and fecal streptococcus spp. the purpose of this study was to devise a convenient and reliable system to identify enterococci a ... | 1992 | 1444416 |
| characterization and partial purification of a bacteriocin produced by leuconostoc carnosum la44a. | twenty leuconostoc strains isolated from vacuum packaged vienna-type sausages were screened for antagonistic activity against various gram-positive organisms (including listeria spp.). one of the three strains exhibiting inhibitory activity was chosen for further investigation. this strain was identified as leuc. carnosum and the inhibitory substance produced was named carnosin. carnosin was inactivated by trypsin but not by catalase or other non-proteolytic enzymes tested. carnosin retained act ... | 1992 | 1445765 |
| utility of transesophageal echocardiography in the conservative management of prosthetic valve endocarditis. | prosthetic valve endocarditis is a formidable complication following cardiac valve replacement. surgical intervention has resulted in a significant reduction in mortality when certain complications prevail. we report two such cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis in which the use of transesophageal echocardiography permitted close surveillance during medical therapy and thus avoided the need for surgical intervention. therefore, with the improved ability to monitor disease progression with tran ... | 1992 | 1446510 |
| identification and composition of the tonsillar and anal enterococcal and streptococcal flora of dogs and cats. | enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently isolated enterococcal species from anal swabs and tonsils of dogs and cats, although in the anal samples from dogs ent. hirae was found almost as often as ent. faecalis. most ent. faecium strains from dog tonsils differed from those associated with humans and other animals in that they fermented sorbitol. typical ent. avium as well as atypical ent. avium-like strains were seen in dogs, while the related species ent. raffinosus was associated with cat ... | 1992 | 1447058 |
| expression of protein f, the fibronectin-binding protein of streptococcus pyogenes jrs4, in heterologous streptococcal and enterococcal strains promotes their adherence to respiratory epithelial cells. | in a previous study we reported the identification of protein f, a fibronectin-binding protein that was essential to the ability of streptococcus pyogenes jrs4 to adhere to respiratory epithelial cells (e. hanski and m. caparon, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 89:6172-6176, 1992). to further evaluate the role of protein f in the adherence of the group a streptococci, we screened other group a streptococcal strains, including six recent clinical isolates, and one strain of enterococcus faecalis for t ... | 1992 | 1452345 |
| rapid increase in the prevalence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance among enterococci isolated from blood cultures during 1989-1991. | at st elizabeth hospital medical center in youngstown, ohio, usa, the first blood culture isolate of enterococcus faecalis with high-level gentamicin resistance (mic > 2000 mg/l) was seen in 1985, and the prevalence of high-level gentamicin resistance among enterococci isolated from blood cultures during 1985-8 was 9%. during the period 1989-91, the prevalence of high-level gentamicin resistance among enterococci isolated from blood cultures increased to 35% (44 of 126 strains). increases in the ... | 1992 | 1452493 |
| use of the e test to predict high-level resistance to aminoglycosides among enterococci. | the e test and the reference agar dilution methods were compared for detecting high-level aminoglycoside resistance (hlar) among 71 selected clinical isolates, including 62 enterococcus faecalis and 9 enterococcus faecium isolates. high-level gentamicin resistance alone was found in 11% (5 e. faecalis and 3 e. faecium strains) and high-level streptomycin resistance was found in 42% (28 e. faecalis, 2 e. faecium strains) of the strains tested, and 31% of the strains demonstrated high-level resist ... | 1992 | 1452679 |
| accuracy of the e test for determining antimicrobial susceptibilities of staphylococci, enterococci, campylobacter jejuni, and gram-negative bacteria resistant to antimicrobial agents. | we compared the results of the e test mic method with the results of agar dilution susceptibility testing for 18 antimicrobial agents against 324 strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including 99 strains of staphylococci, 101 strains of antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteria, 40 strains of enterococci, and 84 isolates of campylobacter jejuni. overall agreement of mics (+/- 1 log2 dilution) was 97.3% for staphylococci, 94.6% for gram-negative bacilli, and 100.0% for entero ... | 1992 | 1452709 |
| activities of chromolaena odorata (compositae) leaf extract against pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococcus faecalis. | | 1992 | 1453706 |
| high level gentamicin resistance in enterococcal and streptococcal isolates from blood culture. | the combination of an aminoglycoside with a cell wall active agent is often necessary for the satisfactory management of serious enterococcal and streptococcal infections. high level gentamicin resistance (mic > 1000 micrograms/ml) eradicates the synergy between these two classes of antibiotics and treatment of these infections becomes difficult. over a four year period we assessed the susceptibility of blood culture isolates of enterococci, streptococcus agalactiae (group b), and clinically sig ... | 1992 | 1453903 |
| crocodile attacks in the northern territory of australia. | to examine crocodile attacks in the northern territory with particular reference to risk factors, range of injuries, microorganisms isolated from wounds, and surgical management; and to make recommendations for optimal treatment. | 1992 | 1453999 |
| a descriptive analysis of urine cultures: pure versus mixed isolates. | out of 5,670 urine cultures performed in 1989, 1,448 positive cultures with unique results were analyzed. of these 1,448, 67% were pure cultures, and 50% had at least one isolate with a colony count greater than 100,000 colony forming units/ml. pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcus faecalis, proteus mirabilis, klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, and diphtheroids were more likely (p < 0.01) to occur in mixed than pure culture, while escherichia coli was more likely to occur in pure than ... | 1992 | 1454171 |
| [the use of totally decontaminated mice under conditions of complete gnotobiological isolation for obtaining highly adhesive strains of streptococcus faecium]. | | 1992 | 1455977 |
| androstenediol regulates systemic resistance against lethal infections in mice. | we previously reported that subcutaneous injection of dhea (5-androsten-3 beta-ol-17-one, dehydroepiandrosterone) protected mice from lethal infection. this included both a lethal herpes virus type 2 encephalitis and a lethal systemic coxsackievirus b4 (cb4) infection. androstenediol (5-androsten-3 beta-17 beta-diol, aed), a metabolic product of dhea is up to 100 x more effective in regulating systemic resistance against lethal infection with cb 4 than its precursor dhea. compared to dhea, treat ... | 1992 | 1456887 |
| diarrhea associated with enterococcus durans in calves. | | 1992 | 1457556 |
| antibacterial activity and mutagenicity studies of water-soluble phosphazene high polymers. | eight water-soluble phosphazene high polymers, [npr2]n (r, organic, water-solubilizing side-group; n, approx: 15,000) and the small-molecule counterparts of the polymers were examined for antibacterial activity against six different strains of bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium (ta 100), salmonella pullorum, streptococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa). antibacterial testing was carried out by measuring zones of inhibition and changes in solution turbidit ... | 1992 | 1457679 |
| biosynthesis of modified peptidoglycan precursors by vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium. | in the presence of bacitracin, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (vana phenotype) accumulate udp-n-acetylmuramyl(udp-mur-nac)-tetrapeptide and a udp-murnac-depsipentapeptide containing lactate substituted for the carboxy-terminal-d-alanine residue. in an in vitro peptidoglycan polymerization assay, the modified precursors function and confer resistance to vancomycin. | 1992 | 1459398 |
| evidence that the hemolysin/bacteriocin phenotype of enterococcus faecalis subsp. zymogenes can be determined by plasmids in different incompatibility groups as well as by the chromosome. | the hemolysin (hly/bac) determinant in strains of enterococcus faecalis was found to be present on plasmids in different incompatibility groups (conferring different sex pheromone responses) as well as on the chromosome. of 33 hly/bac plasmids identified in clinical isolates, the related pheromone for 30 was cad1; the related pheromone for another two (pyi1 and pyi3) or one (pyi2) was cob1 or cy12, respectively. the representative hly/bac plasmids pad1, pyi1, pob1, and pyi2, which responded to p ... | 1992 | 1459967 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of cefodizime, a third generation cephalosporin. | cefodizime is one of the new broad-spectrum cephalosporins. it is an aminothiazolyl iminomethoxy cephalosporin which is metabolically stable and has a prolonged serum half life. cefodizime was primarily active against gram-negative bacilli and at the concentration of 0.5 mg/l, it inhibited 90 per cent of enterobacteriaceae. p. mirabilis was the most susceptible species tested (mic90 of 0.02 mg/l). e.coli, k.pneumoniae, salmonella spp., shigella spp. and m. morganii were also very sensitive to ce ... | 1992 | 1460409 |
| effects of bacteria involved with the pathogenesis of infection-induced urolithiasis on the urokinase and sialidase (neuraminidase) activity. | it has been hypothesized that urinary urokinase and sialidase may play a role in urolithiasis. if these theories have substance it is to be expected that microorganisms may also affect these enzymes, since the association between urinary tract infection and renal stone formation is well known. it is generally assumed that proteus mirabilis and staphylococcus albus, which produce the urea-splitting enzyme urease, are responsible for stone formation. however, the importance of non-urease-producing ... | 1992 | 1462476 |
| catalytic properties of streptococcal nadh oxidase containing artificial flavins. | the flavoprotein nadh oxidase from streptococcus faecalis 10c1, which catalyzes the tetravalent reduction of o2-->2h2o, has been purified as the apoenzyme to allow reconstitution studies with both native and artificial flavins. turnover numbers for the enzyme containing 1-deaza-, 2-thio-, and 4-thio-fad range from 51 to 4% of that of the native fad enzyme; these reconstituted oxidases also catalyze the four-electron reduction of oxygen. dithionite and nadh titrations of the native fad oxidase re ... | 1992 | 1464596 |
| comparative in vitro activity of clarithromycin. spanish collaborative group. | the activity in vitro of clarithromycin, a new macrolide, was compared to that of various antibiotics in tests using 3,880 clinical isolates. clarithromycin was two times more active than erythromycin against staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, streptococci of groups c, g and f, brucella melitensis, legionella pneumophila and mycoplasma spp., 16 times more active against ureaplasma urealyticum and 2 to 4 times less active against campylobacter spp. in general, cla ... | 1992 | 1468430 |
| conjugal transfer of plasmid-borne bacteriocin production in enterococcus faecalis 226 nwc. | enterococcus faecalis 226 nwc, isolated from natural whey cultures utilized as starter in water-buffalo mozzarella cheese manufacture, produces a bacteriocin, designated enterocin 226 nwc, which is inhibitory to listeria monocytogenes. plasmid analysis of e. faecalis 226 nwc showed a single 5.2-kb plasmid, pef226. in conjugation experiments, pef226 was transferred into a plasmid-free strain of e. faecalis jh2-2. the transfer required direct cell-to-cell contact and was not inhibited by dnase. th ... | 1992 | 1468612 |
| production of short chain fatty acids by the intestinal microflora during the first 2 years of human life. | we have followed the establishment of one group of intestinal microflora-associated characteristics, namely, the production of short chain fatty acids (scfas), in 30 healthy children, by gas chromatography analysis of fecal samples taken at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months of age. acetic and propionic acids were the principal scfas at 1 and 3 months. successively, the production of iso- and n-butyric, valeric, and caproic acids was established. at 2 years, the absolute amounts of all ... | 1992 | 1469519 |
| [cell growth inhibitory compound from the culture of intestinal lactic acid bacteria]. | the influence of the culture supernatants of 1000 strains of intestinal lactic acid bacteria on the growth of hela cells was examined. the compound from enterococcus faecium 3463 showing the strongest cell growth inhibiting effect in these strains was isolated and identified as tyramine. the effect of tyramine was activated by the newborn bovine sera (nbs), but weakly by the fetal bovine sera (fbs). benzylamine and beta-phenethylamine also showed the nbs-dependent cell growth inhibitory effect a ... | 1992 | 1469613 |
| in vitro activity of trospectomycin against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and enterococci. | | 1992 | 1469958 |
| [recurrent bacterial endocarditis on mitral and aortic biological prostheses in young drug addicts. the role of transthoracic cardiac echo-doppler in the diagnosis and assessment of postendocarditis dysfunction]. | bioprosthetic infective endocarditis is a very serious complication since both medical and surgical treatment is associated with a high mortality. we describe a case of a young drug addict who presented 3 recurrent episodes of bacterial endocarditis of mitral and aortic bioprosthetic valves, caused by different virulent germs. all 3 episodes were resolved by medical therapy, but the residual aortic bioprosthetic dysfunction was important and the patient died before surgical replacement. which wa ... | 1992 | 1470391 |
| anaerobic facultative bacteria isolated from the gut of rabbits fed different diets. | anaerobic facultative bacteria colonizing the intestinal tract of conventional rabbits fed three different diets (standard pellet, hay and pellet/hay mixture) were enumerated in brain heart infusion agar. colony counts recovered from homogenized samples of small intestine, caecum and rectum differed with reference to the diet given. among anaerobic groups, identified from rabbit fed pellet/hay mixture, enterococci (e. faecalis, e. avium, e. faecium and e. durans) represented the predominant flor ... | 1992 | 1471441 |
| [study of the efficacy and tolerance of imipenem-cilastatin used as monotherapy for the adjuvant treatment to surgery of peritonitis. results of a french multicenter study including 257 patients]. | the antibiotic treatment of peritonitis classically resorts to the association of two and even three molecules. in order to test the efficacy of a single-drug therapy with tienam* imipenem/cilastatin) as an adjunctive treatment associated to surgery for perforation peritonitis, an open, non-comparative study of 257 patients was carried out in 28 departments. imipenem is the first beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem family. this antibiotic seems to be particularly useful for the treatment of ... | 1992 | 1474112 |
| [enterococcal infection in children]. | | 1992 | 1475147 |
| application of ozone disinfection to remove enterococcus seriolicida, pasteurella piscicida, and vibrio anguillarum from seawater. | survival of bacterial fish pathogens, including enterococcus seriolicida, vibrio anguillarum, and pasteurella piscicida, in ozonated seawater was determined in a batch system. bacterial counts of all fish pathogens decreased at more than 0.040 to 0.060 mg of total residual oxidants (tros) per liter, whereas no decrease in viable counts was observed at less than 0.018 to 0.028 mg of tros per liter. the 99% inactivation point was achieved at concentrations of 0.111 mg/liter for e. seriolicida, 0.0 ... | 1992 | 1476447 |
| [bacterial translocation in crohn disease]. | bacterial translocation is the passage of viable endogenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to mesenteric lymph nodes and other internal organs. the aim of this work was to study bacterial translocation in patients operated on for crohn's disease. twenty-eight patients, mean age 29 years, not having received any antibiotics since at least 8 days, presenting with ileal (n = 12), ileo-colonic (n = 14) or colonic (n = 2) crohn's disease were studied. in 25 out of 28 cases (89%) indication ... | 1992 | 1478405 |
| pyruvate catabolism during transient state conditions in chemostat cultures of enterococcus faecalis nctc 775: importance of internal pyruvate concentrations and nadh/nad+ ratios. | nadh/nad+ ratios and internal pyruvate concentrations were determined during switches between aerobic and anaerobic steady-state conditions of glucose-limited chemostat cultures of enterococcus faecalis. during the switch experiments, changes in catabolic fluxes were observed: transition from anaerobic to aerobic conditions resulted in a complete and instantaneous conversion of glucose into acetate and co2 via the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, while during a switch from aerobic to anaerobic co ... | 1992 | 1479339 |
| [evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of cefazolin alone and in combination with cefmetazole or flomoxef using agar dilution method and disk diffusion method]. | antimicrobial activities of cefazolin (cez) against 251 strains of various clinical isolates obtained during 1989 and 1990 were determined using the mueller-hinton agar dilution method at an inoculum level 10(6) cfu/ml. the reliability of the disk susceptility test was also studied using mueller-hinton agar and various disks at inoculum levels of 10(3-4) cfu/cm2 in estimating approximate values of mics. in addition, antimicrobial activities of cez and cefmetazole (cmz) or flomoxef (fmox) in comb ... | 1992 | 1479676 |
| [effect of meropenem on fecal flora in children]. | meropenem (mepm, sm-7338), a novel parenteral carbapenem antibiotic, was examined for its effect on intestinal flora in children. seven children with infectious diseases (3 male and 4 female children of age's ranging from 4 months to 8 years and 9 months weighing from 7.3 to 23.0 kg) were treated with mepm at doses ranging 10.3 to 40.5 mg/kg 3 or 4 times a day for 6 to 12 days. before, during and after the treatment, identities and numbers of various bacteria contained in 1 g of feces were deter ... | 1992 | 1479688 |
| diarrhea caused by a slow-growing enterococcus-like agent in neonatal rats. | an enteropathogenic enterococcus-like agent was isolated from a spontaneous outbreak of diarrhea that occurred in a colony containing neonatal rats. diarrhea was experimentally reproduced in virus-antibody-free neonatal rats inoculated with this purified "enterococcus." gram-positive cocci were adhered to the small intestinal villi of affected animals from which the organism was reisolated. the isolate's classification in the genus enterococcus was confirmed by genetic probe; however, because of ... | 1992 | 1479804 |
| the endodontic microflora revisited. | the microbial flora of 35 dental root canals were examined, taking care to maintain the viability of obligate anaerobes which accounted for 45% of total isolations, while streptococcal species accounted for 24% of the total species isolated. individual root canals yielded a maximum of eight bacterial species. a total of 40 different species was isolated of which the most prevalent were the facultative anaerobe streptococcus sanguis and the obligate anaerobe, peptostreptococcus micros (both in 23 ... | 1992 | 1479923 |
| problems and dilemmas of antimicrobial resistance. | an important obstacle to the long-term efficacy of an antimicrobial agent is the appearance and spread of resistance to the agent. the fact that many antimicrobials are produced by microorganisms in nature may provide long-term selective pressure for the emergence of resistance in antibiotic-producing as well as -nonproducing organisms. indeed, the rapidity with which many resistances have appeared after the introduction of a new antibiotic suggests that these resistance genes were already prese ... | 1992 | 1480504 |
| [sequential parenteral and oral therapy with ofloxacin in urogenital infections]. | 125 hospitalized patients (56 men and 69 women) suffering from urinary tract infection (uti) and 15 women with endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease were treated with ofloxacin 6 mg/kg/d i.v. divided into 2 doses. two thirds of the patients were switched to oral ofloxacin using the same dose regimen after 4 days. the median duration of treatment was 10 days. 98 patients were evaluable for efficacy: 45 had complicated lower uti, 32 had upper uti (75% of them with complications), 13 had endo ... | 1992 | 1481544 |