| [synthesis of vitamin b groups by micrococcus freudenreichii k-219 in carbohydrate and hydrocarbon nutrition media]. | | 1975 | 1214633 |
| [properties of a bactericidal substance isolated from ornithodoros papillipes tics]. | | 1975 | 1214746 |
| a membrane-associated lipomannan in micrococci. | membranes of micrococcus lysodeikticus, micrococcus flavus and micrococcus sodonensis contain acidic lipomannans. lipoteichoic acids could not be detected in these organisms, and the suggestion that they are substituted for by the lipomannans is strengthened by the chemical and physical resemblances between the two polymers. the mannans contain glycerol, ester-linked fatty acids and mono-esterified succinic acid residues, giving them both hydrophobic and charged properties. the m. lysodeikticus ... | 1975 | 1218084 |
| effects of polyamines and methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) on hepatic nuclear structure and deoxyribonucleic acid template activity. | 1. the interaction of polyamines and methylglyoxal bis(guanythydrazone) (1, 1'-[(methylethanediylidene)-dinitrilo]diguanidine) with isolated rat liver nuclei was investigated by electron microscopy. 2. at 4mm, putrescine was without effect; however, spermidine, spermine or methylglyoxal bis(guanythydrazone) resulted in dispersed chromatin and alterations in nucleolar structure. in addition, spermidine or methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) caused marked aggregation of interchromatin granules. 3. ... | 1975 | 1218090 |
| effects of minerals on the production of methionine by micrococcus glutamicus. | | 1975 | 1218918 |
| enhancement by immunoglobulin m of oxygen consumption of leukocytes during phagocytosis. | | 1975 | 1227936 |
| l- and conventional forms of micrococci in the circulating blood of thrombocytopenic patients. | the multiplication of gram-positive cocci originating from l-forms carried by platelets of autoimmune thrombocytopenic patients, may be attributed to the primary platelet damage enhanced following interaction with bacteria. | 1975 | 1236808 |
| use of enzymatic assay to evaluate uv-induced dna repair in human and embryonic chick fibroblasts and multinucleate heterokaryons derived from both. | a sensitive enzymatic assay has been utilized to monitor repair of uv-induced damage to dna in primary human and embryonic chick cells and in multinucleate heterokaryons artificially derived from both. the assay exploits the unique ability of a purified repair endonuclease to attack uv-irradiated dna at sites containing pyrimidine dimers. these nuclease-susceptible sites are subsequently observed as single-strand scissions by velocity sedimentation in alkaline sucrose gradients. incubation of uv ... | 1975 | 1238081 |
| [stratospheric microorganisms]. | | 1975 | 1239358 |
| ureolytic bacteria in sheep rumen. | estimates were made of the numbers of viable bacteria in the rumens of sheep receiving different rations. representative colonies were isolated and tested for urease production. some urease-positive isolates were characterized and identified. the ureolytic activities of the urease-producing isolates were determined and compared with the activity of rumen fluid. the rations fed to the sheep did not exert a significant influence on the relative numbers of the urease-producting organisms in the rum ... | 1975 | 1239488 |
| [application of new colloid spot test reagents in the analysis of biological samples]. | | 1975 | 1240185 |
| [autolysis of the cell wall of micrococcus lysodeikticus---its physiological significance]. | | 1975 | 1240189 |
| peptidoglycans synthesized by a membrane preparation of micrococcus luteus. | by incubation of cell-free particulate preparations from micrococcus luteus with nucleotidic precursors uridine 5'-diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine and uridine 5'-diphosphate-n-acetylmuramic acid-l-ala-d-iso-glu-l-lys-d-ala-d-ala, several types of peptidoglycans were obtained: soluble peptidoglycan, insoluble peptidoglycan bound to the membrane and solubilized by trypsin, and peptidoglycan, which remained insoluble after the action of trypsin. the structure of each type of peptidoglycan was studi ... | 1976 | 1245465 |
| dna synthesis and repair in permeable cells of micrococcus radiodurans. | cells permeable to deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate were prepared from micrococcus radiodurans, and dna synthesis and rejoining of strand scissions induced by gamma-rays were investigated. dna synthesis was stimulated by atp at an optimal concentration of 1mm. this reaction requires four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates and mgcl2. nad inhibited the reaction, but no rejoining of primer dna was observed. even in the presence of nad, dna which was synthesized in the unirradiated permeable cells ha ... | 1976 | 1247548 |
| structure of eukaryotic chromatin. evaluation of periodicity using endogenous and exogenous nucleases. | dna isolated from (a) liver chromatin digested in situ with endogenous ca2+, mg2+-dependent endonuclease, (b) prostate chromatin digested in situ with micrococcal nuclease or pancreatic dnaase i, and (c) isolated liver chromatin digested with micrococcal nuclease or pancreatic dnaase i has been analyzed electrophoretically on polyacrylamide gels. the electrophoretic patterns of dna prepared from chromatin digested in situ with either endogenous endonuclease (liver nuclei) or micrococcal nuclease ... | 1976 | 1247619 |
| identification of a nonlysozymal bactericidal factor (beta lysin) in human tears and aqueous humor. | an antibacterial factor, identical with or closely related to beta lysin, was measured in human tears, in human aqueous humor, and in fractions of each fluid after an absorption step involving cellulose-asbestos filters. antibeta lysin was used to help distinguish whether bactericidal activity was due to lysozyme or beta lysin. beta lysin activity was found in both human tears and aqueous humor in higher amounts than were present in serum; appreciable amounts of lysozyme were found in human tear ... | 1976 | 1251873 |
| ionizing radiation damage in micrococcus radiodurans cell wall: release of polysaccharide. | | 1976 | 1257407 |
| mechanism of action of putrescine oxidase. binding characteristics of the active site of putrescine oxidase from micrococcus rubens. | putrescine oxidase (ec 1.4.3.4), putrescine: oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) (flavin containing), has been found to form complexes with a variety of amines. with few exceptions these compounds competitively inhibit putrescine oxidation and also perturb the visible absorption spectrum of the enzyme (i.e., the spectrum due to fad). inhibition constants are reported for a number of amines; the presence of a cationic amino group in the inhibitors appears to be the structural feature essential fo ... | 1976 | 1260033 |
| comparison of the cell envelope proteins of micrococcus cryophilus with those of neisseria dnd branhamella species. | in an attempt to elucidate the relation between micrococcus cryophilus, neisseria caviae, neisseria ovis, and branhamella catarrhalis, fractions derived from outer membranes of a strain of each organism were examined for protein composition by sds - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. micrococcus cryophilus outer membrane protein showed extensive similarities to that of n. ovis and contained a heat-modifiable protein which behaved almost identically with the corresponding bands previously shown ... | 1976 | 1260534 |
| the gram positive cocci. | recent changes in taxonomy of the gram positive cocci are discussed. views on these changes and practical methods of differentiating the staphylococci, micrococci, streptococci, and aerococci are presented. simplified schemes, using acceptable clinical laboratory techniques, are presented that either differentiate or categorize the pathologically important gram positive coccal species. | 1976 | 1262015 |
| repair of ultraviolet light-induced damage in micrococcus radiophilus, an extremely resistant microorganism. | repair of ultraviolet radiation damage was examined in an extremely radioresistant organism, micrococcus radiophilus. measurement of the number of thymine-containing dimers formed as a function of ultraviolet dose suggests that the ability of this organism to withstand high doses of ultraviolet radiation (20,000 ergs/mm2) is not related to protective screening by pigments. m. radiophilus carries out a rapid excision of thymine dimers at doses of ultraviolet light up to 10,000 ergs/mm2. synthesis ... | 1976 | 1262312 |
| a rapid and simple procedure for the preparation of the two bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan nucleotide precursors labeled in their amino sugars. | | 1976 | 1267136 |
| quantitative tear lysozyme assay in units of activity per microlitre. | an accurate method of assaying the tear lysozyme concentration in units of activity/mul has been developed. normal physiological levels which vary with age have been determined. it has been demonstrated that measurement of the volume of tear fluid collected and assay with a calibrated standard are essential for the accurate determination of the precise concentration of lysozyme in the tear fluid. tear lyozyme concentration can be used as an index of lacrimal gland function, and in the diagnosis ... | 1976 | 1268164 |
| the chemical structure of a fragment of micrococcus lysodeikticus cell-wall. | a fragment of micrococcus lysodeikticus cell-wall obtained by cetylpyridinium recipitation from the nondialyzable portion of the degradation products of egg-white lysozyme was studied by the periodate oxidation and methylation procedures. the fragment consists of a polysaccharide chain composed of about 40 repeating (1 leads to 4)-o-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-mannopyranosyluronic acid)-(1 leads to 6)-o-(alpha-d-glucopyranosyl) residues with d-glucopyranosyl residues at both ends. the alpha-d-gl ... | 1976 | 1268881 |
| nucleolar dna in oocytes of salmo irideus (gibbons). | the amplification of ribosomal genes has been studied in oocytes from salmo irideus. in situ nucleic acid hybridization showed that the synthesis of nucleolar dna begins in oogonium and proceeds slowly through leptotene and zygotene when a small amount of extrachromosomal nucleolar dna is produced. in early pachytene there is a rapid build-up of nucleolar dna demonstrable by rapid incorporation of tritiated thymidine. synthesis stops completely in early diplotene when nucleolar dna becomes dispe ... | 1976 | 1268918 |
| a method for automatic recording of serum lysozyme activity with the fragiligraph. | a quick and simple method for the estimation of lysozyme activity using the fragiligraph, was described. diminution of turbidity in a suspension of micrococcus lysodeikticus produced by the addition of standard lysozyme (hen egg white) or serum sample, was continuously recorded for 5 min by the fragiligraph. the normal mean serum lysozyme activity value obtained by this method is 6,80 mug/ml +/- 1.85. | 1976 | 1269628 |
| polyisoprenoid glycolipids involved in glycoprotein biosynthesis. | until five years ago, it was believed that the oligosaccharide chains of most, if not all, glycoproteins were assembled by the stepwise transfer of single sugar residues from their nucleotide derivatives to growing oligosaccharide chains attached to a polypeptide core. it is now becoming widely accepted that polyisoprenol-linked mono- and oligosaccharides function as activated glycosyl carriers in the biosynthesis of some glycoproteins in animal tissues. the lipophilic glycosyl carrier of monosa ... | 1976 | 1272257 |
| interpretation of the properties of chromatin extracts from mammalian nuclei. | chromatin from standard preparations of nuclei stabilized by magnesium ions at 0-4 degrees c was degraded during the nuclear isolation, and newly-synthesized chromatin was degraded slightly more slowly than the ;older' chromatin. the significance of this observation, and its relation to the interpretation of the properties of nucleoprotein extracts is discussed. | 1976 | 1272805 |
| transcription in vitro of ehrlich ascites tumor dna and chromatin by purified homologous rna polymerase ii (or b). | | 1976 | 1275509 |
| the fine structure of micrococcus radiophilus and micrococcus radioproteolyticus. | the radiation resistant bacteria micrococcus radiophilus and m. radioproteolyticus were studied by thin sectioning and freez-etching techniques and the two species were found to be similar in the fine structure. the only significant difference was in the appearance of the surfaces of the cell walls in freeze-etched preparations. since the two species, together with m. radiodurans, possess a unique cell wall structure and a cell wall peptidoglycan, which is different from that of other micrococci ... | 1976 | 1275640 |
| [distribution of fatty acids in the phospholipids of micrococcus lysodeikticus]. | | 1976 | 1276241 |
| [epidemiological evaluation of the maternity ward of the starogard hospital based on the examination of cocci occurring in the air and their sensitivity to antibiotics]. | | 1976 | 1278703 |
| the effect of ribosomal protein s1 from escherichia coli and micrococcus luteus on protein synthesis in vitro by e. coli and bacillus subtilis. | we have designed a set of nine plasmids containing the bacillus pumilis cat gene with one of three shine-dalgarno (sd) sequences (weak, strong or stronger) and one of three initiation codons (aug, gug or uug). these constructions have been used to determine the effect of ribosomal protein s1, sd and initiation codon sequences and escherichia coli ribosomal protein s1 on translation in vitro by e. coli and b. subtilis ribosomes. translation of these nine constructions was determined with three ty ... | 1992 | 1283001 |
| the ability of bacteria to synthesize a new cyclopyrophosphate correlates with their tolerance to redox-cycling drugs: on a crossroad of chemotherapy, environmental toxicology and immunobiochemical problems. | many redox-cyclers were recently shown to induce, in some bacterial species, large-scale biosynthesis of a new 2-methylbutan-1,2,3,4-tetraol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate believed to be involved in anti-stress reactions. in the present study mycobacterium smegmatis, micrococcus luteus and brevibacterium ammoniagenes were shown to begin synthesis of the new cyclopyrophosphate when cultivated in a medium containing furacilin or furadonin (widely used nitrofuran antibacterial drugs) and to maintain close ... | 1992 | 1292477 |
| chain length distribution of the products formed in solanesyl diphosphate synthase reaction. | factors that affect the termination of isoprenoid chain elongation catalyzed by prenyltransferase were investigated. the chain-length distribution of reaction products of solanesyl diphosphate synthase [ec 2.5.1.11] homogeneously purified from micrococcus luteus changed dramatically according to the concentration of the complex formed between isopentenyl diphosphate and mg2+ (ipp-mg) in the reaction mixture. however, the concentration of the complex between farnesyl diphosphate and mg2+ (fpp-mg) ... | 1992 | 1295881 |
| echinomycin. | the story of echinomycin is of an antibiotic whose anti-cancer activity was rediscovered thanks to scientific investigation of its mode of action at the molecular level. it was the first dna bis-intercalator identified (in 1974). molecular models for echinomycin and its congeners are now well-founded on crystallographic data. these are beginning to throw light on significant variations in conformation which affect the ability of the antibiotics to recognise specific nucleotide sequences in dna. ... | 1992 | 1299809 |
| a rapid microtiter plate method for the detection of lysozyme release from human neutrophils. | an improved method was devised to measure lysozyme secreted from human neutrophils [polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn)] using a microtiter plate reader capable of analyzing enzyme kinetics. the assay is an adaptation of the classical photometric method which detects changes in the turbidity of a bacterial suspension, micrococcus lysodeikticus, caused by the enzymatic activity of lysozyme. a standard curve using chicken egg white lysozyme was generated, and activity was detectable between the rang ... | 1992 | 1317227 |
| nucleoside diphosphokinase: a functional link between intermediary metabolism and nucleic acid synthesis. | | 1992 | 1323446 |
| mechanism of lysozyme inactivation and degradation by iron. | the site-specific lysozyme damage by iron and by iron-catalysed oxygen radicals was investigated. a solution of purified lysozyme was inactivated by fe(ii) at ph 7.4 in phosphate buffer, as tested on cleavage of micrococcus lysodeikticus cells; this inactivation was time- and iron concentration-dependent and was associated with a loss of tryptophan fluorescence. in addition, it was reversible at ph 4, as demonstrated by lysozyme reactivation and by the intensity of the 14.4-kd-band on sds-page. ... | 1992 | 1332614 |
| photochemical dna modifications induced by 1,2-dioxetanes. | 1,2-dioxetanes are efficient sources of triplet excited carbonyl compounds, into which they decompose on thermal or photochemical activation. in the presence of dna, the decomposition of dioxetanes gives rise to dna modifications, which have been studied by means of specific repair endonucleases. cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, which are generated by triplet-triplet energy transfer, were detected by a uv endonuclease; they made up between 2% and 30% of the total modifications recognized by a crud ... | 1992 | 1337314 |
| characterization of the bacillus subtilis cwba protein which stimulates cell wall lytic amidases. | the bacillus subtilis cell wall binding protein, cwba, stimulated the cell wall lytic activities of the b. subtilis and b. licheniformis autolysins (cwla and cwlm, respectively) in addition to that of the major b. subtilis autolysin (cwlb). even though the substrate for the enzyme reaction was changed from b. subtilis cell wall containing a teichoic acid to micrococcus luteus cell wall containing a teichuronic acid, the stimulatory effect of cwba on cwla activity was observed. | 1992 | 1355454 |
| the effect of neutral resins on the fermentation production of rubradirin. | rubradirin is an antibiotic of complex chemical structure which is active vs. methicillin resistant staphylococci. its development has been limited due to inadequate production yields. the incorporation of neutral resins into fermentations of streptomyces achromogenes v. rubradiris, uc 8051 resulted in the enhanced production of rubradirin. resins hp-20, hp-21, xad-2, xad-7 and xad-16 were employed in flask and tank fermentations. the incorporation of these resins promoted 2- to 4-fold enhanceme ... | 1990 | 1366609 |
| stereoselective epoxidation of phenyl allyl ether by alkene-utilizing bacteria. | eighteen newly isolated ethene- and propene-utilizing bacteria were screened for the ability to produce phenyl glycidyl ether, a common precursor for the synthesis of beta blockers, from phenyl allyl ether. these organisms included aerococcus, alcaligenes, micrococcus and staphylococcus spp. and a variety of gram-negative, gram-positive and gram-variable mesophilic rods/coccobacilli not yet identified. the majority of ethene- and propene-grown cultures (14 strains) accumulated phenyl glycidyl et ... | 1992 | 1368499 |
| inducibility of protein-reactive antibodies by peptide immunization: comparison of three epitope peptides of hen egg-white lysozyme. | three epitope peptides of hen egg-white lysozyme (hel) were tested for ability to induce antibodies reactive with native hel. each peptide was coupled to bovine gamma-globulin (b gamma g) and 4 rabbits were immunized with each peptide-b gamma g conjugate in complete freund's adjuvant. the mean association constants (k0s) of hel-reactive antibodies (hel-r-abs) from each immunizing group to [3h]acetyl hel or to [3h]acetyl-peptide were measured in solution by a double antibody method. only peptide ... | 1992 | 1373719 |
| a eukaryotic dna glycosylase/lyase recognizing ultraviolet light-induced pyrimidine dimers. | cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (cpds) are the predominant product of photodamage in dna after exposure of cells to ultraviolet light and are cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic in a variety of cellular and animal systems. in prokaryotes, enzymes and protein complexes have been characterized that remove or reverse cpds in dna. micrococcus luteus and t4 phage-infected escherichia coli contain a specific n-glycosylase/apurinic-apyrimidinic lyase that catalyses a two-step dna incision process at si ... | 1992 | 1373868 |
| uv endonuclease-mediated enhancement of uv survival in micrococcus luteus: evidence revealed by deficiency in the uvr homolog. | unlike its phage t4 counterpart (also known as endonuclease v), micrococcus luteus uv endonuclease (pyrimidine dimer dna glycosylase/apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease) has suffered from lack of genetic evidence to implicate it in the promotion of uv survival of the cell, i.e., mutants with its deficiency are no more uv-sensitive than the wild type. on the assumption that the contribution of uv endonuclease is obscured by the presence of a homolog of escherichia coli uvrabc endonuclease, which h ... | 1992 | 1376434 |
| colorimetric assay for lysozyme using micrococcus luteus labeled with a blue dye, remazol brilliant blue r, as a substrate. | micrococcus luteus (m. lysodeikticus) labeled with remazol brilliant blue r (blue ml) was prepared as a novel substrate for the colorimetric assay of lysozyme. the treatment of the labeled substrate with lysozyme resulted in the release of soluble blue products which can be easily measured spectrophotometrically at 600 nm. the blue color was most efficiently released at ph 7 and ionic strength of 0.2 on incubation with hen lysozyme at 40 degrees c. a new colorimetric method for the assay of lyso ... | 1992 | 1394672 |
| eicosanoids modulate cr1- and fc-dependent bacterial phagocytosis. | it is known that macrophages produce large amounts of eicosanoids during phagocytosis and that pharmacological concentrations of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) inhibit phagocytosis in several models. however, the physiological effect on phagocytosis of endogenous prostaglandins, produced during cr1- or fcr-mediated bacterial phagocytosis, remains unclear. in this study, we show that indomethacin inhibits the cr1- but not the fcr-dependent phagocytosis of bacteria by rat peritoneal cells in the same ran ... | 1992 | 1397054 |
| [the research of theodor kocher on the etiology of osteomyelitis and acute struma]. | in 1879, kocher demonstrated experimentally that osteomyelitis is an infectious disease which is caused by a non-specific microorganism (the "micrococcus"). he showed that the infection of the bone marrow is the consequence of a hematogenous dissemination of a local infection, either cutaneous or mucous. the clinical and pathological form of the disease depends not only on the virulence of the microorganism, but also on the state of the tissue in which it develops. in the same year, kocher sugge ... | 1992 | 1398154 |
| bactericidal activities of rat defensins and synthetic rabbit defensins on staphylococci, klebsiella pneumoniae (chedid, 277, and 8n3), pseudomonas aeruginosa (mucoid and nonmucoid strains), salmonella typhimurium (ra, rc, rd, and re of lps mutants) and escherichia coli. | rat defensins were purified and tested for in vitro bactericidal assay against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. staphylococcus aureus (209p, cowan i, smith diffuse and smith compact) were resistant to defensins, whereas staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus saprophyticus, micrococcus lysodeikticus and bacillus subtilis were less sensitive. gram-negative bacteria, such as pseudomonas aeruginosa (mucoid and k) and klebsiella pneumoniae (chedid, 277, and 8n3 which were heavily capsula ... | 1992 | 1406365 |
| bacteremia during tonsillectomy. | to determine the risk of bacteremia during tonsillectomy, we cultured blood specimens that were taken from 32 children during surgery and tonsillar swabs that were obtained just before excision, and compared the results with quantitative cultures of the excised tonsillar tissue. twenty-five children had haemophilus influenzae within the tonsillar tissue (density range, 10(3) to 10(8) colony-forming units per gram), and seven had streptococcus pyogenes (density, 10(3) colony-forming units per gra ... | 1992 | 1418902 |
| three-dimensional structure of catalase from micrococcus lysodeikticus at 1.5 a resolution. | the three-dimensional crystal structure of catalase from micrococcus lysodeikticus has been solved by multiple isomorphous replacement and refined at 1.5 a resolution. the subunit of the tetrameric molecule of 222 symmetry consists of a single polypeptide chain of about 500 amino acid residues and one haem group. the crystals belong to space group p4(2)2(1)2 with unit cell parameters a = b = 106.7 a, c = 106.3 a, and there is one subunit of the tetramer per asymmetric unit. the amino acid sequen ... | 1992 | 1426241 |
| microorganisms associated with natural fermentation of prosopis africana seeds for the production of okpiye. | okpiye is a food condiment prepared by the fermentation of prosopis africana seeds. the traditional process for the production and microbiological characteristics of the condiment were investigated. during laboratory fermentation that lasted 96 h, the mesquite seeds underwent a natural fermentation that was characterised by the growth of microorganisms to 10(6)-10(8) cfu/g. several species of bacteria especially b. subtilis, b. licheniformis, b. megaterium, staphylococcus epidermidis and microco ... | 1992 | 1438073 |
| [isolation and evaluation of the structure of the new anthracycline antibiotics rubomycins f and h]. | the rubomycin complex produced by streptomyces coeruleorubidus 4-157 was studied and the two novel anthracyclines i.e. rubomycins f and h were isolated. the study of the physicochemical properties of the novel antibiotics in comparison with rubomycin c (daunomycin) and the specially prepared 3'-n-carbmethoxyrubomycin c showed that rubomycin f was 3'-n-carbethoxydaunomycin and rubomycin h was 3'-n-carbmethoxydaunomycin. therefore, rubomycins f and h are novel representatives of natural anthracycl ... | 1992 | 1456819 |
| [the determination of the discrepancy between the mathematically ascertained and experimentally provable efficiency of uv facilities for water disinfection]. | using three uv-plants of different technical designs for water disinfection, we studied the conformity between experimental germ reduction using standard test organisms and calculated uv-doses under various water flow conditions. taking into consideration the style of construction of the uv-plants, the irradiation area and the layer thickness were used as constant parameters for dose calculations. this was also employed for the irradiation intensity, since the experiments were performed for a re ... | 1992 | 1457035 |
| antibacterial activity of essential oil components. | antibacterial activity of fifteen essential oil components towards food borne staphylococcus sp., micrococcus sp., bacillus sp. and enterobacter sp. was studied by an agar plate technique. cinnamic aldehyde was the most active compound followed by citral, geraniol, eugenol and menthol. at 500 micrograms/ml, cinnamic aldehyde completely inhibited the bacterial growth for more than 30 days at 30 degrees c that was comparable to 200 micrograms/ml of butylated hydroxy anisole (bha). at lower tempera ... | 1992 | 1457292 |
| influence of feeding regimen and postnatal developmental stages on antibacterial activity of pancreatic juice. | antibacterial activity of pancreatic juice in the pig (n = 8) was investigated during early postnatal development and in cattle (n = 6) receiving a different feeding regimen. for pancreatic juice collection, a catheter was surgically implanted in the pancreatic duct. reintroduction of pancreatic juice was achieved through a t-shaped cannula in the duodenum. pancreatic juice was collected for 30 min in all cases. in piglets, collections were carried out at 2, 5-6, and 7-10 wk of age, and in cattl ... | 1992 | 1460326 |
| bacteriological investigation of infected root canals in benin city, nigeria. | possible viable bacteria were isolated and determined through culture based on paper point inoculation from infected root canals of 50 patients who presented for endodontic therapy at the school of dentistry, university of benin teaching hospital and central hospital, benin city. eighty-one strains of bacteria were isolated from 50 patients. the bacterial isolates were streptococcus species, (51), klebsiella species (17), e. coll (5), staphylococcus aureus (3), micrococcus species (2), neisseria ... | 1992 | 1476964 |
| 5-epi-isospongiaquinone, a new sesquiterpene/quinone antibiotic from an australian marine sponge, spongia hispida. | an australian marine sponge, spongia hispida, has been found to contain a new sesquiterpene/quinone identified by detailed spectroscopic analysis and chemical derivatization as the antibiotic 5-epi-isospongiaquinone [3]. the complete stereostructure for 3 was determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis and chemical correlation with the known marine natural product isospongiaquinone [2]. co-occurring with 3 was an ethylated analogue, 5-epi-homoisospongiaquinone [4], which was speculated to be a ... | 1992 | 1479380 |
| purification and properties of chitinase from cabbage. | chitinase has been purified from the extract of cabbage through successive steps of ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatofocusing and sephadex g-75 gel filtration. by these steps, the purity of the enzyme increased by 93.3 fold and the recovery of the enzyme activity was 20%. the purified enzyme had an optimal ph of 5.0, an optimal temperature between 40 to 50 degrees c and a km of 76 microm for hydrolysis of ethylene glycol chitin. the molecular weight of the enzyme determined from filtratio ... | 1992 | 1482407 |
| specificity analysis of antibodies to single-stranded micrococcal dna in the sera of normal human subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | to evaluate the properties of antibodies to bacterial dna in the sera of normal human subjects (nhs) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), the effects of ionic strength and ph on their binding to single-stranded dna (ssdna) from micrococcus lysodeikticus (mc) were measured. by elisa, antibodies to mc ssdna in nhs showed greater activity at high ionic strength (0.2-1.0 m) than antibodies in lupus sera. similarly, antibodies in nhs had higher activity at ph 9 than lupus anti-dna. c ... | 1992 | 1483310 |
| peroxyl radical scavenging by a series of coumarins. | sixteen plant-derived or synthetic coumarins with various hydroxyl and other substitutions were tested for their ability to scavenge alkylperoxyl radicals generated in the aqueous phase by the controlled thermolysis of 2,2'-azo-bis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (abap). protection by coumarins against inactivation of lysozyme by the radicals was assayed by measuring the loss of turbidity of suspensions of m. lysodeikticus. ten of the coumarins were potent scavengers of aqueous peroxyl radica ... | 1992 | 1483580 |
| culture media for non-sporulating gram-positive food spoilage bacteria. | the spoilage association especially of protein-rich foods can be dominated by gram-positive bacteria, notably lactic acid bacteria (lab) which affect vacuum packaged refrigerated processed meats and some dairy products. new food ecosystems are being created by novel packaging and processing technologies, resulting in spoilage associations differing from those previously reported. in addition, improvement in identification methods, allow the detection and isolation of 'novel' bacterial groups, e. ... | 1992 | 1486021 |
| a water soluble peptidoglycan-containing polymer from the microccus lysodeikticus cell walls. | | 1992 | 1487046 |
| relationship between selected bacteria and the growth of immature house flies, musca domestica, in an axenic test system. | to investigate the relationship between immature (maggot) house flies, musca domestica, and bacteria, we compared the development of sterile first-instar maggots in each of 10 pure blood agar cultures of bacteria with growth on sterile blood agar (negative control) and on standard house fly rearing medium (positive control). nine species of bacteria representing gram-negative and gram-positive rods, coccoid, and micrococcoid cell types supported house fly growth on blood agar. one bacterium, a s ... | 1992 | 1495035 |
| genetic structure, isolation and characterization of a bacillus licheniformis cell wall hydrolase. | a dna fragment containing the gene for a cell wall hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis was cloned into escherichia coli. sequencing of the fragment showed the presence of an open reading frame which encodes a polypeptide of 253 amino acids with a molecular mass of 27,513. the gene was designated as cwlm, for cell wall lysis. the deduced amino acid sequence indicated that there is a repeated sequence consisting of 33 amino acid residues in the c-terminal region. deletion of the c-terminal region ... | 1992 | 1495475 |
| macrophage response to bacteria: induction of marked secretory and cellular activities by lipoteichoic acids. | lipoteichoic acids (ltas) from various bacterial species, including staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, and listeria monocytogenes, were examined for the ability to induce secretory and cellular responses in a pure population of bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes. some of the highly purified ltas, in particular ltas from bacillus subtilis, s. pyogenes, e. faecalis, and enterococcus hirae, were able to affect each of the macropha ... | 1992 | 1500175 |
| parasitological and microbiological evaluation of mixe indian medicinal plants (mexico). | medicinal plants are an important health resource in many regions of the americas and are of particular importance to many indian communities. based on a recent ethnobotanical study in mexico, we investigated the activity of 29 plant extracts against entamoeba histolytica, three bacteria (bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, and micrococcus luteus) and two fungi (cladosporium cucumerinum and penicillium oxalicum). after separation of these extracts between ch2cl2 and h2o the resulting phases wer ... | 1992 | 1501496 |
| dissociation of the antimicrobial activity of bacitracin usp from its renovascular effects. | bacitracin is a nephrotoxic antibiotic that has recently been shown to induce contractile effects in aortas isolated from rabbits by stimulating receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht). the possible renovascular actions of this antibiotic were investigated. bacitracin usp increased the vascular resistance in a concentration-dependent manner (9 to 175 micrograms/ml) in rat kidneys perfused with a constant flow of krebs solution. this was significantly inhibited by 5-ht antagonists, but only part ... | 1992 | 1510419 |
| relationship between the immune response of sheep and the population dynamics of bacteria isolated from fleecerot lesions. | in sheep wetted by rain, proliferation of bacteria in the skin-fleece microenvironment invariably discolours the fleece and causes a dermatitic condition known as fleecerot. the changes in population dynamics of fleece bacteria were analysed by carrying out skin washings at randomly selected sites on the back of sheep before, and at 48 h and 96 h after exposure to rain. gram-positive rods belonging to bacillus species (10(2)-10(4) cfu/cm2) predominated in dry fleece. gram-positive cocci (e.g. mi ... | 1992 | 1514238 |
| [antimicrobial and membranolytic activities of anti-burn drug fenozan]. | fenozan, an anti-burn preparation, was shown to have antimicrobial activity against freshly isolated clinical strains of staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis, as well as against collection strains of the other gram-positive bacteria. the antimicrobial action of the preparation was possibly due to impairment of permeability of the cytoplasmic membranes in the sensitive bacterial cells and their liberation of intracellular low molecular weight compounds to the environment. the membrano ... | 1992 | 1514860 |
| significant quantities of endogenous gdp and adp are present on catalytic sites of the f1-atpase isolated from m. lysodeikticus in the absence of added nucleotides. | the f1-atpase from micrococcus lysodeikticus is isolated in the absence of exogenous nucleotides. after removing loosely bound nucleotides from the isolated enzyme by gel permeation chromatography, analysis for tightly bound nucleotides revealed in 14 experiments 0.4 +/- 0.1 mol adp, 0.5 +/- 0.2 mol gdp, and 0.8 +/- 0.2 mol atp per mol of f1. incubation of the isolated enzyme with mg2+ or ca2+ did not alter the endogenous nucleotide composition of the enzyme, indicating that endogenous atp is no ... | 1992 | 1532327 |
| partial characterization and staphylocidal activity of thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein. | thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein (pmp) is considered to play an important role in preventing an important role in preventing streptococcal endocarditis. however, the structural features and functions of pmps have not been well characterized, and their antibacterial spectra against other common endocarditis pathogens, such as the staphylococci, are not known. thrombin stimulation of washed rabbit platelets (10(8)/ml) yielded a pmp-rich preparation with a specific activity of approxi ... | 1992 | 1541535 |
| interaction of calmodulin with lactoferrin. | calmodulin, as a major intracellular calcium-binding protein, regulates many ca(2+)-dependent enzymes and plays an important role in a wide spectrum of cellular functions of the eukaryotes. interaction between calmodulin and human lactoferrin, a 78 kda protein with antibacterial properties, was found in the presence of ca2+ using (i) a method for the detection of calmodulin binding proteins with biotinylated calmodulin, (ii) affinity chromatography on an agarose-calmodulin column with subsequent ... | 1992 | 1544444 |
| structure of the dnaa and dnaa-box region in the mycoplasma capricolum chromosome: conservation and variations in the course of evolution. | we have previously shown that the dnaa gene and the dnaa-box region were conserved in bacteria representative of all three major branches of the eubacterial phylogenic tree: high g + c gram+, low-g + c gram+ and gram-. in the present work, we determined the structure of the dnaa region of mycoplasma capricolum and found that the dnaa gene and at least two other genes, rpmh and dnan, were conserved in this bacterium. an unusually high level of amino acid (aa) substitutions was observed in m. capr ... | 1992 | 1544573 |
| antimicrobial activity of sphingosines. | the antimicrobial activity of stratum corneum lipids was examined by screening in vitro various representative phospholipids and sphingolipids. of mixed galacto-cerebrosides; phosphatidic acid; phosphatidic acid-monomethylester-dioleoyl; phosphatidylethanolamine; phosphatidylethanolamine-beta-oleoyl-gamma-palmitoyl; phosphatidylcholine; d-sphingosine; d,l-sphinganine; 4-d-hydroxysphinganine; oleoyl-sphingosine; n,n-dimethylsphingosine; and stearylamine, only the sphingosines and, to a lesser ext ... | 1992 | 1545135 |
| a diphasic immune response against bacteria in the american cockroach. | the adult cockroach generates an adaptive humoral immune response exhibiting specificity and immunological memory when immunized with soluble proteins. in contrast, the response induced by bacteria in holometabolous insects is non-specific and short term, generally losing activity after 72 hr. we have found that the roach generates a diphasic response when injected with bacteria, displaying an acute non-specific phase initially, which is then superseded by a second response that is relatively lo ... | 1992 | 1551700 |
| structure of the gene complementing uvr-402 in streptococcus pneumoniae: homology with escherichia coli uvrb and the homologous gene in micrococcus luteus. | the repair ability for uv-induced damage observed for streptococcus pneumoniae proceeds through a system similar to the uvr-dependent system in escherichia coli. the dna sequence of a gene complementing uvr-402, a mutation conferring uv sensitivity, was determined. alignments of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed an extensive sequence homology of 55% with the uvrb protein of e. coli and 59% with the uvrb-homologous protein of micrococcus luteus. nucleotide-binding site consensus was observ ... | 1992 | 1551859 |
| isolation and structure of an intrastrand cross-link adduct of mitomycin c and dna. | a new covalent mitomycin c-dna adduct (4) was isolated from dna exposed to reductively activated mitomycin c (mc) in vitro. the mc-treated dna was hydrolyzed enzymatically under certain conditions, and the new adduct was isolated from the hydrolysate by hplc. its structure was determined by ultraviolet and circular dichroism spectroscopy and chemical and enzymatic transformations conducted on microscale. in the structure, a single 2" beta, 7"-diaminomitosene residue is linked bifunctionally to t ... | 1992 | 1554696 |
| codon usage in the g+c-rich streptomyces genome. | the codon usage (cu) patterns of 64 genes from the gram+ prokaryotic genus streptomyces were analysed. despite the extremely high overall g+c content of the streptomyces genome (estimated at 0.74), individual genes varied in g+c content from 0.610 to 0.797, and had third codon position g+c contents (gc3s) that varied from 0.764 to 0.983. the variation in gc3s explains a significant proportion of the variation in cu patterns. this is consistent with an evolutionary model of the streptomyces genom ... | 1992 | 1563633 |
| pneumonia due to micrococcus spp. in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. | a 26-year-old female patient with acute myeloid leukaemia was hospitalized for the second cycle of remission induction chemotherapy. while neutropenic she developed progressive pulmonary infiltrate, with micrococcus spp. cultured from two consecutive bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, resulting in respiratory insufficiency. the patient died after an unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. this report of micrococcal pneumonia emphasizes that the pathogenicity of this skin commensal is not limited ... | 1992 | 1564961 |
| quantitation of pyrimidine dimers in dna from uvb-irradiated alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) seedlings. | depletion of stratospheric ozone will increase the solar ultraviolet radiation in the range from 290-320 nm (uvb) that reaches the surface of the earth, placing an increased uv burden on exposed organisms. one consequence of increased uvb may be decreased productivity of crop plants. a principal lesion caused by uv in dna is the cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimer. we have adapted a method for measuring these dimers in nanogram quantities of non-radioactive dna for use in uv-irradiated plants. we find t ... | 1992 | 1567918 |
| conserved gene arrangement in the origin region of the streptomyces coelicolor chromosome. | a 23-kb fragment of the streptomyces coelicolor chromosome spanning the dnaa region has been isolated as a cosmid clone. nucleotide sequence analysis of a 5-kb portion shows that the genes for the rnase p protein (rnpa), ribosomal protein l34 (rpmh), the replication initiator protein (dnaa), and the beta subunit of dna polymerase iii (dnan) are present in the highly conserved gene arrangement found in all eubacterial genomes studied so far. the dnaa-dnan intergenic region is approximately 1 kb a ... | 1992 | 1577691 |
| isolation and identification of restriction endonuclease mspci. | | 1992 | 1579476 |
| substrate specificity of isopenicillin n synthase. | highly purified isopenicillin n synthase (ipns) from two sources (naturally occurring in penicillium chrysogenum and that expressed in escherichia coli via a cloned gene derived from cephalosporium acremonium) have been isolated and utilized in vitro to test synthetic modifications of the natural substrate, (l-alpha-amino-delta-adipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (acv). a very sensitive procedure utilizing the ability of beta-lactams to induce the synthesis of beta-lactamase was employed to determine w ... | 1992 | 1588566 |
| preparative high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and isolation of bacitracin components and their relationship to microbiological activity. | bacitracin, a polypeptide antibiotic, is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in the world. the approved method of analysis for bacitracin is microbial. to correlate the microbiological method with a high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) method, bacitracin was chromatographed using hplc with ultraviolet detection and a ymc basic column. adequate separation of the isomers was obtained to scale up this procedure to preparative hplc using a prep hplc system and a 250 x 21 mm ymc basic ... | 1992 | 1601975 |
| [effects of low-intensity garnet laser irradiation on microorganisms and wounds]. | the influence of low-intensity garnet laser radiation a wavelength of 0.53 microns (green spectrum) on mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt), nonspecific microflora and regeneration of aseptic and purulent wounds has been studied experimentally for the first time. irradiation of mt and nonspecific microflora inoculations has shown that this type of laser radiation fails to stimulate growth of mt and nonspecific microflora and has an inhibiting action on mt manifested by delayed mt growth, a lower numb ... | 1992 | 1603794 |
| the reaction of aspergillus niger catalase with methyl hydroperoxide. | the formation of compound i from aspergillus niger catalase and methyl hydroperoxide (ch3ooh) has been investigated kinetically by means of rapid-scanning stopped-flow techniques. the spectral changes during the reaction showed distinct isobestic points. the second-order rate constant and the activation energy for the formation of compound i were 6.4 x 10(3) m-1s-1 and 10.4 kcal.mol-1, respectively. after formation of compound i, the absorbance at the soret peak returned slowly to the level of f ... | 1992 | 1605648 |
| synthesis of a new organic pyrophosphate in large quantities is induced in some bacteria by oxidative stress. | brevibacterium ammoniagenes and micrococcus luteus were shown to synthesize up to 50 mm of a novel substance, 2-methylbutan-1,2,3,4-tetraol 2,4-cyclopyrophosphate, in response to oxidative stress created by benzyl viologen and other redox mediators under aerobic conditions. the substance, which represents greater than 50% of the extractable phosphorus, is suggested to play a role as a bacterial antistressor and is thought to be a product of condensation of two molecules of phosphoenolpyruvate wh ... | 1992 | 1605835 |
| infection of cerebrospinal fluid shunts in infants: a study of etiological factors. | the aim of this study was to find reasons for the high incidence of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections seen in neonates. four-hundred sixty-six consecutive shunt operations were analyzed retrospectively in 294 children, and 60 children were studied prospectively by quantitative sampling of skin bacteria before surgery and by sampling open wounds, shunt catheters, surgical gloves, and airborne bacteria. in total, 110 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococcus isolated from the skin of 53 chil ... | 1992 | 1607969 |
| the effect of dilution rate and ph on biomass and proteinase production by micrococcus sedentarius grown in continuous culture. | micrococcus sedentarius, an organism associated with pitted keratolysis, produced two proteinases in culture supernatant fluids, as shown by non-denaturing page with overlaying with a casein substrate. a mixture had optimal activity at ph 10 with azocasein substrate. at ph 7.1 and 8.1 in continuous culture with varying dilution rates high proteinase production occurred at relative specific growth rates (mu rels) 0.39 and 0.77 and biomass concentrations decreased with increasing dilution rate. on ... | 1992 | 1618719 |
| location of peptidoglycan and teichoic acid on the cell wall surface of staphylococcus aureus as determined by immunoelectron microscopy. | anti-peptidoglycan (pg) and anti-teichoic acid (ta) antibodies were prepared from sera of rabbits immunized with the cell wall fraction of staphylococcus aureus cowan i by the specific adsorption technique with purified teichoic acid or peptidoglycan. the anti-pg antibody recognized the trichloroacetic acid-treated walls (tca wall) prepared from s. aureus, bacillus subtilis, and micrococcus luteus but did not react with teichoic acid or proteins extracted from the cell wall of staphylococcus. th ... | 1992 | 1619377 |
| [hydrolysis and absorption of lysozyme in the small intestine]. | preparations of chicken small intestine were used in the experiment in vitro simulating processes of membranous digestion (inverted intestinal segments) and absorption (inverted intestinal myasis). it was established that lysozyme was hydrolyzed on the internal mucosa surface regardless of its concentration in the gastro-intestinal tract, and only insignificant quantity of lysozyme (0.027%) penetrates the intestinal wall. the method of lysozyme determination through its action on the cellular wa ... | 1992 | 1621381 |
| hemolytic interactions of dermatophilus congolensis. | the strains of dermatophilus congolensis grew on blood agar with washed sheep erythrocytes with marked total hemolysis. in testing for hemolytic interactions they gave a significant synergistic effect of a characteristic shape with rhodococcus equi and streptococcus agalactiae, whereas with staphylococcus aureus producing beta hemolysin and with staphylococcus aureus producing delta hemolysin a simultaneous synergistic as well as antagonistic effect were observed. first of all a conspicuous inhi ... | 1992 | 1621476 |
| cloacal flora isolated from wild black-bellied whistling ducks (dendrocygna autumnalis) in laguna la nacha, mexico. | cloacal swabs from 110 adult black-bellied whistling ducks trapped at laguna la nacha, tamaulipas, mexico, were cultured to determine the prevalence of normal and potentially pathogenic bacteria. twenty-five gram-negative enterobacteria and four gram-positive cocci were isolated. the most common isolates included escherichia coli (54%), staphylococcus spp. (29%), streptococcus spp. (22%), aeromonas hydrophila (15%) enterobacter cloacae (14%), and micrococcus sp. (14%). the implications of whistl ... | 1992 | 1627117 |
| structure of a micrococcus lysodeikticus cell wall fragment containing phosphorylated sugars. | a polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex containing different phosphorylated sugars from micrococcus lysodeikticus cell wall has been isolated and purified. the peptidoglycan contained muramic acid 6-phosphate and n-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate as phosphorylated sugars in addition to other sugar residues. mild acid hydrolysis of the peptidoglycan and subsequent reduction of the released polysaccharide showed therein the presence of glucose and n-acetyl-glucosamine in the linkage of the external p ... | 1992 | 1627160 |
| subclinical mastitis in ewes and its effect on lamb performance. | two studies were conducted to 1) assess the effectiveness of the california mastitis test (cmt) relative to direct microscopic somatic cell count (dmscc) and(or) somatic cell count (scc) procedures for detecting subclinical mastitis in ewes, 2) determine the incidence of subclinical mastitis based on repeated or single sample measures and organisms associated with the inflammation, and 3) assess the relationship between milk quality measures and lamb performance. the relationship between dmscc a ... | 1992 | 1634391 |
| gene cluster of the energy-transducing nadh-quinone oxidoreductase of paracoccus denitrificans: characterization of four structural gene products. | in previous reports from our laboratory, the three structural genes (nqo1, nqo2, and nqo3) of the energy-transducing nadh-quinone oxidoreductase of paracoccus denitrificans were characterized [xu, x., matsuno-yagi, a., & yagi, t. (1991) biochemistry 30, 6422-6428; (1991) biochemistry 30, 8678-8684; (1992) arch. biochem. biophys. 296, 40-48]. in this report, the four structural genes nqo4, nqo5, nqo6, and nqo7 of the same paracoccus denitrificans oxidoreductase were cloned and sequenced. on the b ... | 1992 | 1637825 |
| abutilon mosaic geminivirus double-stranded dna is packed into minichromosomes. | an intermediate form of abutilon mosaic geminivirus, a complex of viral double-stranded dna (dsdna) and protein, was characterized by two different techniques. cesium sulphate gradient centrifugation was used to show that the majority of this form comigrates with host chromatin. micrococcus nuclease digestion experiments with isolated nuclei demonstrated that the viral dsdna is organized in a manner comparable to that of host nucleosomes. results from a previous electron microscopical work (abou ... | 1992 | 1641992 |
| effect of operation theatre environment on laparotomy wound infection in bovines. | right flank laparotomies were performed on five clinically healthy cross-bred calves. a significant (p less than 0.05) increase of 22.1 and 2.7 times in bacterial count in subcutaneous tissue and incised skin edges, respectively, and a non-significant increase (1.1 times) in muscles and peritoneum had occurred during 15 minutes exposure to the operation theatre environment. poly-morphonuclear cells and gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infiltration was also demonstrated histopathological ... | 1992 | 1642065 |