| synergistic activity of amikacin with aztreonam against pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative organisms. | the effects of amikacin in combination with aztreonam were tested on 100 strains of gram-negative bacteria by means of the microtiter checkerboard system. eighty-one strains were pseudomonas aeruginosa, eight were enterobacter species, seven were acinetobacter species, two were alcaligenes species, one was a citrobacter organism, and one was pseudomonas stutzeri. all strains had a minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) to aztreonam between 4 and 256 micrograms/ml (mic50 = 16 micrograms/ml) and a ... | 1986 | 3087621 |
| in vitro activity of aztreonam against gram negative bacteria from clinical specimens and its comparison with other commonly used antibiotics. | a total of 755 gram negative bacteria isolated from clinical specimens were tested against aztreonam by the disc agar diffusion test. the strains of bacteria used in this study consisted of escherichia coli (314), enterobacter aerogenes (30), e. agglomerans (7), e. cloacae, (39), citrobacter diversus (9), c. freundii (13), hafnia alvei (3), acinetobacter calcoaceticus (10), klebsiella oxytoca (6), k. ozaenae (5), k. pneumoniae (107), morganella morganii (3), moraxella sp. (10), pasteurella multo ... | 1986 | 3088346 |
| aminoglycosides plus beta-lactams against gram-negative organisms. evaluation of in vitro synergy and chemical interactions. | combination antibiotic therapy has been used mainly to broaden the antibacterial spectrum and prevent the development of resistance. antibiotic combinations proven to be synergistic in vitro are associated with a significantly better in vivo response, particularly in the compromised host in whom traditional treatment combines an antipseudomonal penicillin plus an aminoglycoside. several investigators have examined combining new agents, such as the third-generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cef ... | 1986 | 3088998 |
| growth of salmonellas in different enrichment media. | the usefulness of selenite-f (s-f), tetrathionate (mkt) and rappaport-10 (r-10) broths as enrichment media to support growth of salmonellas either alone or in the presence of other competing organisms was studied. their ability to support the growth of stressed salmonellas from water was also investigated. it was observed that r-10 was more inhibitory to competing organisms than mkt and s-f. it strongly inhibited the growth of pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter freundii and proteus vulgaris tho ... | 1986 | 3093439 |
| aztreonam in the treatment of severe urinary tract infections in pediatric patients. | aztreonam was administered to 30 patients, ages 0.03 to 15.4 years, with severe and in 21 cases complicated urinary tract infections caused by members of the family enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa which were resistant to ampicillin and susceptible to the study drug in vitro. a mean dose of 47.7 mg/kg was given intramuscularly every 12 h to 26 patients. in four patients with renal insufficiency, the dose was reduced according to pharmacokinetic data. permanent urine sterilization an ... | 1986 | 3094442 |
| [in-vitro activity of cefonicid on hospital bacteria. regression line and proposal for critical values]. | antimicrobial activity of cefonicid, a new second generation cephalosporin, against 315 hospital isolates (4th trimester 1984) was investigated. e. coli and proteus mirabilis were the most susceptible species. all e. coli strains except one were inhibited at 8 mg/l (modal mic: 0.5); mics of all indole + proteus were 8 mg/l (modal mic: 0.06). another group was moderately susceptible: mics of klebsiella and citrobacter ranged from 0.12 to 128 mg/l, but mics of 50% of these strains were less than o ... | 1986 | 3095773 |
| [catalase-negative citrobacter freundii isolated from the urinary tract]. | | 1986 | 3098867 |
| ceftazidime and amikacin alone and in combination against pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacteriaceae. | the efficacy of ceftazidime alone and combined with amikacin was studied in a rabbit model simulating closed-space infections at locally neutropenic sites. six strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and six enterobacteriaceae (two strains each of klebsiella pneumoniae and serratia marcescens and one strain each of escherichia coli and citrobacter freundii) in pooled rabbit serum were each inoculated into separate subcutaneous semipermeable chambers. intramuscular antibiotic therapy was begun 4 hr la ... | 1987 | 3100127 |
| in vitro activity of sch-34343, a new penam, and other antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of sch-34343, a new penam antibiotic, was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative isolates from cancer patients, and compared to that of 7 other antimicrobial agents. sch-34343 was extremely active against the enterobacteriaceae with mic90 ranging from 0.39 to 6.25 micrograms/ml for citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp. and serratia marcescens. it was less active against acinetobacter spp. (mic90 6.25-12.5 micrograms/ml) ... | 1986 | 3100147 |
| the effects on beta-lactam susceptibility of phenotypic induction and genotypic derepression of beta-lactamase synthesis. | we have compared the ability of beta-lactam antibiotics to induce beta-lactamase synthesis and antagonize the in-vitro activity of other beta-lactams and also to select mutants with derepressed beta-lactamase synthesis amongst representative gram-negative bacilli that produce inducible beta-lactamases. both imipenem and cefoxitin were potent inducers of beta-lactamase and were able to antagonize the activity of other beta-lactams against isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii and ... | 1986 | 3102451 |
| antibacterial properties of imipenem with special reference to the activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci, cefotaxime-resistant enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | imipenem was examined with standardized agar dilution procedures against a wide range of bacteria. geometric mean mics against the genera escherichia, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter and serratia were 0.1-0.4 mg/l, and proteus and providencia spp. were inhibited by 0.25-4 mg/l. acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratum strains were inhibited by concentrations ranging from 0.12-0.5 mg/l. methicillin-susceptible staphylococci were highly susceptible to the drug (mics: less than or equal to ... | 1986 | 3102452 |
| [comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1984). i. susceptibility distribution]. | our research group was engaged for 3 years (1979-1981) in a study on sensitivities to antibiotics of 4 bacterial groups including representative pathogenic bacteria found in cases of urinary tract infections; i.e. e. coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter spp., and proteus spp. since 1982, all the bacterial strains isolated by our group from patients with urinary tract infections and deemed by doctors in charge as pathogens were sent to the laboratory of clinical pathology of juntendo university, wh ... | 1986 | 3102808 |
| [comparative studies of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1984). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | cases with infections of urinary tracts were divided into 3 groups of the simple infections, and complicated infections without indwelling of catheter, and complicated infections with indwelling of catheter. susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens which were isolated from patients with these infections were determined. there was no tendency of decline in the su ... | 1986 | 3102809 |
| selection of beta-lactamase producers during cephalosporin and penicillin therapy. | treatment failures due to beta-lactamase producing strains of enterobacter cloacae, proteus vulgaris, citrobacter freundii and pseudomonas aeruginosa are frequently reported. it is difficult, however, to determine the underlying mechanism of resistance development. different beta-lactam drugs, such as cephalosporins and penicillins have different ecological impacts on the infections and physiological flora of patients. they select in different ways although the mutation frequency of strains towa ... | 1986 | 3103207 |
| dynamics of ceftazidime-pefloxacin interaction shown by a new killing curve-chequerboard method. | since in-vitro methods for studying drug interactions are difficult to evaluate and different results occur with the chequerboard (isobolograms-fic index) and killing curve methods, a new approach associating these two methods was used to study the ceftazidime-pefloxacin interaction. in 64 tubes in a chequerboard pattern, viable bacteria were counted at 0, 2.5, 5 and 24 h, by a microdilution method and a multiple inoculator replicating method. the bacterial inoculum consisted of 5 x 10(6)-10(7) ... | 1987 | 3106301 |
| [kinetic study of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine synthesis in citrobacter freundii cells immobilized in carrageenan]. | a kinetic study was carried out of the enzymatic synthesis of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (dopa) by the citrobacter freundii 62 cells, possessing tyrosine-phenol-lyase (tpl) activity, immobilized in carrageenan, and optimum conditions of the reaction were found. the dependence of the tpl activity and its stability on the conditions of the dopa synthesis was investigated. the tpl activity was higher and more stable in the immobilized cells as compared to free ones. | 1987 | 3106951 |
| coagglutination and enzyme capture tests for detection of escherichia coli beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and glutamate decarboxylase. | polyclonal antibodies to escherichia coli beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and glutamate decarboxylase were used in coagglutination tests for identification of these three enzymes in cell lysates. enzyme capture assays were also developed for the detection of e. coli beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase. the enzymes were released by using a gentle lysis procedure that did not interfere with antibody-enzyme interactions. all three enzymes were detected in 93% (51 of 55) of the e. coli ... | 1987 | 3111364 |
| [study of the sensitivity to pipemidic acid, pefloxacin and norfloxacin of 444 bacterial strains isolated at a general hospital]. | after one year of use of pefloxacin in the intensive care unit, medicine unit and surgery unit and the following recent commercialization without prescription of norfloxacin, we studied for a period of two months (april and may 1986) the susceptibility to pipemidic acid, to pefloxacin and norfloxacin of 444 bacteria strains isolated obtained from clinical specimens. the antibiotic susceptibility is determined by disk diffusion test. we obtained the following results: susceptible methicillin stap ... | 1987 | 3112705 |
| bacterial interference by anaerobic species isolated from human feces. | eighty-four anaerobic fecal isolates obtained from five healthy volunteers were tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro growth of eight species of enterobacteriaceae, four species of faculative gram-positive cocci, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. forty-nine of the 84 anaerobic isolates (58%) inhibited the growth of at least one indicator bacterium. isolates of bacteroides and bifidobacterium spp. were most consistently inhibitory. anaerobic cocci and clostridia were infrequently inhibitory; eub ... | 1987 | 3113937 |
| epidemiologic factors affecting antimicrobial resistance of common bacterial isolates. | the pattern of antimicrobial resistance of common bacterial isolates obtained from various groups of patients at a large tertiary-care center was compared with the pattern of resistance seen at a primary-care community hospital. at the tertiary-care center, significant differences in susceptibility were seen between pediatric and adult groups. in the tertiary-care center, the inpatients were more likely than the outpatients to have resistant staphylococcal and enterobacterial strains. comparison ... | 1987 | 3116037 |
| effect of chlorhexidine/edta/tris against bacterial isolates from clinical specimens. | chlorhexidine/edta/tris was more active compared with chlorhexidine against the following species of organisms: acinetobacter species, citrobacter species, enterobacter species, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, providence species, pseudomonas species, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and streptococcus faecalis, when tested in isosensitest agar. the addition of 20% serum to the medium reduced its effectiveness mainly against providence species, proteus species, and streptococ ... | 1987 | 3116368 |
| clinical consequences of development of resistance to third generation cephalosporins. | eighteen patients are described in whom initially sensitive microorganisms were replaced by resistant isolates during administration of ceftriaxone (n = 8), cefoperazone (n = 5), moxalactam (n = 4), cefotaxime (n = 2) or ceftazidime (n = 1), despite combination with aminoglycosides. all patients had documented gram-negative infections; in 12 patients underlying haematological diseases were present. resistant strains of enterobacter cloacae (14), serratia marcescens (4), klebsiella oxytoca (3), p ... | 1987 | 3117534 |
| incidence of inducible beta-lactamases in gram-negative septicemia isolates from twenty-nine european laboratories. european study group on antibiotic resistance. | in 1984 the european study group on antibiotic resistance (esgar), which is made up of 29 laboratories in 12 european countries, consecutively collected gram-negative bacilli and staphylococci isolates from blood and using the microdilution method performed susceptibility testing with 11 beta-lactam antibiotics. a total of 2,578 isolates were collected; 68% were gram-negatives and 32% staphylococci. pseudomonas spp. accounted for 12% of the strains, enterobacter spp. 7%, serratia spp. 3%, indole ... | 1987 | 3117535 |
| [bacteriologic quality of water from the rhine and its tributaries in the rhine-neckar region. i. bacterial count and enterobacteriaceae of the current status of pollution]. | during the period of may 1982 to january 1983 and march 1986 to may 1986, 164 water-specimens had been collected along the river rhine and its affluxes in the overcrowded rhine-neckar-region from 34 collecting-sites on 8 different days. the specimens were tested for the total-germ-count and the titers of different enterobacteriaceae-species. the total-germ-count examined concentrations of several hundreds up to 1.8 million germ in 1 ml river-water. extremely high concentrations were found along ... | 1987 | 3118608 |
| [susceptibility of clinical bacterial isolates to aztreonam]. | in vitro activities of 7 antimicrobial agents against organisms (474 strains) isolated from patients with various infections in ehime university hospital from may to july 1986 were investigated. summarized results are as follows: 1. aztreonam (azt) showed potent activities against escherichia coli, citrobacter sp., klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, proteus sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and haemophilus influenzae. 2. antimicrobial activities of azt were especially superior against proteus ... | 1987 | 3121888 |
| in vitro susceptibility of nosocomial pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacteriaceae, and staphylococci to ciprofloxacin and ten other broad-spectrum antibiotics. | we determined microdilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) for ciprofloxacin and 10 beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics against 329 unique nosocomial isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, and staphylococci. all were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, including 109 aminoglycoside-resistant gram-negative bacilli and 59 oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. ciprofloxacin was generally 2-4 fold less active aga ... | 1987 | 3123078 |
| a modified conductance medium for the detection of salmonella spp. | selenite-cystine/trimethylamine oxide/dulcitol medium has been used in conjunction with conductance instruments to detect the presence of salmonella spp. in foods and faeces. however, a small but significant number of salmonella strains were missed by this method. the majority of these strains were detected when dulcitol was substituted by mannitol and tested on two separate malthus conductance instruments. some strains of citrobacter freundii and escherichia coli continued to give false positiv ... | 1987 | 3126173 |
| induction of chromosomal beta-lactamases by different concentrations of clavulanic acid in combination with ticarcillin. | the effect of different concentrations of clavulanic acid (ca) in combination with ticarcillin on beta-lactamase production and ticarcillin mic was studied in four clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii and indole positive proteus strains. ticarcillin alone showed a low inducing effect for all species tested, ser. marcescens excepted. the increase in beta-lactamase activity after addition of ca (2-10 mg/l) was strain and speci ... | 1988 | 3128523 |
| high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of demethylmenaquinone and menaquinone mixtures from bacteria. | demethylmenaquinone and menaquinone mixtures from some species of enterobacteria were analysed by reverse-phase partition high-performance liquid chromatography. this method allowed clear separation and quantitative determination of these quinone components. | 1988 | 3131293 |
| [the use of uv rays for the disinfection of water. i. microbiologic studies of drinking water]. | as a physical disinfection method without chemicals required the ultraviolet irradiation was tested for disinfection of drinking water. the survival was measured as a function of exposure to radiation for s. enteritidis, e. cloacae, c. freundii, s. marcescens, e. coli, k. pneumoniae und s. faecium. the bacteria were grown in trypton soya broth until they were well into the exponential phase. two different uv-disinfection units were tested. both consist of cylindrical shaped chambers with one low ... | 1988 | 3131986 |
| in vitro activity of temafloxacin, a new difluoro quinolone antimicrobial agent. | temafloxacin, a new difluoro quinolone, inhibited the majority of enterobacteriaceae at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. it was 4-8-fold less active than ciprofloxacin and 2-fold less active than ofloxacin. cefotaxime and imipenem-resistant isolates such as enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter spp. were inhibited. temafloxacin inhibited neisseria, branhamella, and haemophilus species at less than 0.25 microgram/ml. methicillin-susceptible and ... | 1988 | 3132380 |
| in vitro evaluation of e1040, a new cephalosporin with potent antipseudomonal activity. | e1040 is a new parenteral cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent antipseudomonal activity. the compound was four- to eightfold more active than ceftazidime and cefsulodin against pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic of e1040 for 90% of strains tested [mic90], 3.13 micrograms/ml). e1040 also showed a potent activity against other glucose-nonfermentative rods, including acinetobacter species. the activities of e1040 against most species of the family enterobacteriaceae were roughly co ... | 1988 | 3134847 |
| [demonstration of glycocalyx formation in vitro in citrobacter freundii, proteus mirabilis and planococcus sp.: the effect of polyosidases]. | three bacterial species of different origin, citrobacter freundii, proteus mirabilis and planococcus sp., formed glycocalyx in vitro and thereby showed that the phenomena does not only occur in vivo contrary to the opinion of many authors. the glycocalyx was produced in the attachment processes used or both extra- and intercellular attachment. the aggregates formed caused large errors in bacterial counts and led to questioning of the very principle of the counting procedures. the glycocalyx was ... | 1987 | 3135828 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin cefixime. | cefixime was 8 to 10 times more active than cefaclor and augmentin against isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and salmonella typhi, mic90 values ranging from 0.06 to 0.25 micrograms/ml. however, none of these three drugs was particularly active against isolates of more resistant gram-negative bacilli such as enterobacter, serratia, citrobacter, acinetobacter, providencia and achromobacter spp. the lowest mic values for gram-negative bacilli were seen with ciprofloxacin, except f ... | 1988 | 3137053 |
| monoclonal antibodies which identify a genus-specific listeria antigen. | fifteen murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) which react specifically with a protein antigen found in all species of listeria were developed and characterized. these mabs were tested extensively by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot (immunoblot) analyses for cross-reaction with non-listeria organisms, such as staphylococcus, streptococcus, citrobacter, pseudomonas, and salmonella species, and were found to be nonreactive. the genus-specific antigen was identified as a heat-st ... | 1988 | 3137865 |
| bacteremic citrobacter freundii cellulitis associated with tub immersion in a patient with the nephrotic syndrome. | | 1988 | 3140054 |
| mechanism of inhibition of chromosomal beta-lactamases by third-generation cephalosporins. | the kinetic interactions of the beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae 908 r with ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime have been examined in detail. with all of these cephalosporins, there is an initial rapid reaction involving opening of the beta-lactam that then decreases to a slower steady-state rate (kss) of beta-lactam hydrolysis (at 37 degrees c: ceftriaxone, kss = 0.044 s-1; cefotaxime, kss = 0.033 s-1; ceftazidime, kss = 0.011 s-1). more than stoichiometric quantities of beta-lacta ... | 1988 | 3142012 |
| [susceptibility of clinically isolated strains to aztreonam]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of aztreonam (azt) and cephems against clinically isolated 334 strains were investigated. the results obtained in the study are summarized as follows: 1. azt showed excellent antibacterial activities against clinically isolated 334 strains. 2. azt showed potent activities against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus spp., enterobacter aerogenes and citrobacter freundii. 3. antibacterial activities of azt were superior against enterobacter cloacae, se ... | 1988 | 3145344 |
| in vitro activity of e-1040, a novel cephalosporin with potent activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the in vitro activity of e-1040 [(6r,7r)-3-[(4-carbamoyl-1-quinuclidinio)methyl]-7-[2-(5-amino-1,2 ,4- thiadiazol-3-yl)-(z)-2-methoxyiminoacetoamido]-8-oxo-5-thia- 1- azabicyclo(4,2,0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate], a novel cephalosporin, was compared with that of ceftazidime, cefpirome, cefepime, imipenem, and gentamicin. e-1040 inhibited 50% of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and haemophilus and neisseria species at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml, and the m ... | 1988 | 3150915 |
| effects of single-dose ceftriaxone on intestinal flora. | | 1987 | 3151359 |
| a conductance medium to distinguish between salmonella and citrobacter spp. | published methods for detecting salmonella by conductance methods yield some citrobacter spp. as false positives. a medium is described which, when used in conjunction with selenite-cystine/trimethylamine oxide/mannitol (sc/t/m) resolves this difficulty. it is based on the ability of salmonella to decarboxylate lysine in the presence of selenite (4 g/l), after pre-enrichment in buffered peptone water supplemented with glucose and lysine for 7-17 h. salmonella produced a conductance change of 250 ... | 1988 | 3152806 |
| [the toxigenicity of strains of citrobacter freundii]. | | 1985 | 3157464 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of norfloxacin and other agents against ocular pathogens. | 302 clinical isolates representing 16 bacterial species most often implicated in ocular infections were tested in vitro against norfloxacin and a panel of antibacterial agents. on the basis of the 90% minimal inhibitory concentration (mic90) data, norfloxacin was 4-32 times more active than the next best antimicrobial tested against citrobacter freundii, escherichia coli, morganella morganii, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae and staphylococcus ep ... | 1985 | 3157551 |
| [differences in the production of temperate bacteriophages in lysogenic strains of salmonella enteritidis and citrobacter]. | | 1985 | 3160495 |
| [frequency of in vitro sensitivity to netilmicin and ceftizoxime on selected highly resistant flora in surgical intensive therapy]. | the in vitro sensitivity of 132 gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains to netilmycin and ceftizoxime was assessed in order to update the statistics on the a priori efficacy of the antibacterial drugs. the flora studied were carefully selected as an extreme case of resistance to the standard antibiotics. netilmycin was found to be effective against staphylococci, pseudomonas and enterobacter, ceftizoxime against serratia, acinetobacter, proteus and klebsiella. both drugs were equally e ... | 1988 | 3162558 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents. focusing mainly on ofloxacin (first report). reported by the research group for testing ofloxacin susceptibility of clinical isolates]. | susceptibility tests were carried out on a variety of clinically isolated pathogens using the susceptibility disc method at 197 hospitals in japan between may, 1985 through march, 1986. these tests were organized by the research group for testing ofloxacin susceptibility on clinical isolates, and the results were statistically analyzed. this paper describes a comparison of susceptibilities of clinical isolates including staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecalis, st ... | 1988 | 3163383 |
| in vitro activity of lomefloxacin (sc-47111; ny-198), a difluoroquinolone 3-carboxylic acid, compared with those of other quinolones. | lomefloxacin (sc-47111; ny-198) is a new difluoroquinolone agent. it inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., proteus mirabilis, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, serratia marcescens, salmonella spp., shigella spp., aeromonas spp., yersinia spp., haemophilus influenzae, and neisseria gonorrhoeae at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. lomefloxacin inhibited 90% of pseudomonas aeruginosa at 4 micrograms/ml. lomefloxacin was equal in activity ... | 1988 | 3164987 |
| deep infection of the hand. | | 1988 | 3172615 |
| vertical transmission of citrobacter diversus from mother to infant. | | 1988 | 3174312 |
| [susceptibility of gram-negative bacterial isolates to six beta-lactam and two aminoglycoside antibiotics at our university hospital]. | susceptibilities of gram-negative bacterial strains isolated at the university hospital in 1987 to six beta-lactam antibiotics (azthreonam cefmetazole, ceftizoxime, latamoxef, aminobenzyl-penicillin and piperacillin) and two aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin and amikacin) were examined by agar dilution and the agar diffusion method. results obtained from both methods correlated well in most of the strains. most of the strains belonging to escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, klebsiella pne ... | 1988 | 3175388 |
| citrobacter as a frequent urinary pathogen in hospitalised patients. | | 1988 | 3182032 |
| comparative in-vitro activity of tigemonam, a new monobactam. | the in-vitro activity against gram-negative aerobic bacterial pathogens of a new oral monobactam, tigemonam, was compared with those of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefaclor, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole and gentamicin, by an agar-dilution method. tigemonam inhibited 90% of strains tested of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp., salmonella spp., haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis at concentrations of 0.25 mg/l or below. the mic90 fo ... | 1988 | 3182428 |
| antimicrobial activity of ly163892, an orally administered 1-carbacephem. | ly163892 was found to be similar to cefaclor and slightly superior to cephalexin in antimicrobial activity and spectrum. bacteria with mic50 less than or equal to 8.0 mg/l included escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, citrobacter diversus, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, pathogenic neisseria spp., oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci, and streptococcus spp. strains that produced plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases generally remained susceptible to ly163892. ly163892 ... | 1988 | 3182429 |
| in vitro activity of u-76,252 (cs-807), a new oral cephalosporin. | u-76,252 is the prodrug of u-76,253. mics of u-76,253 were 0.015 to 0.06 microgram/ml for greater than or equal to 90% of the strains of streptococcus spp., haemophilus influenzae, and proteus mirabilis; 0.25 to 1 microgram/ml for branhamella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., and citrobacter diversus; 1 to 8 micrograms/ml for staphylococcus spp.; and 2 to greater than 16 micrograms/ml for other members of the family enterobacteriaceae and aeromonas hydrophila; for 72% of the latter ... | 1988 | 3190194 |
| [the microbial factor in the chemiluminescence of the peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with suppurative surgical infection]. | the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of neutrophils in the peripheral blood of 30 healthy adults and 39 patients with the local and generalized forms of purulent infection was studied. nonstimulated chemiluminescence and the index of chemiluminescence stimulation in the presence of opsonized staphylococcus aureus added in vitro were determined. the former characteristic was found to be directly and the latter one, inversely related to the concentration of s. aureus, escherichia coli and candi ... | 1988 | 3195269 |
| [clinical laboratory approach for estimating effective administrative dose of cefuzonam. evaluation of disc susceptibility test and its interpretation system]. | in vitro activities of cefuzonam (czon) against 273 clinical isolates were studied through the evaluation of mic's and the results of disc susceptibility test. the mic's were determined using the agar dilution method at an inoculum level of 10(6)cfu/ml. the mic80's of czon against streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, haemophilus influenzae and citrobacter spp. were less than 0.20 microgram/ml. the mic80's against serratia marcesc ... | 1988 | 3204654 |
| mechanistic deductions from kinetic isotope effects and ph studies of pyridoxal phosphate dependent carbon-carbon lyases: erwinia herbicola and citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase. | the ph dependence of the kinetic parameters and primary deuterium isotope effects have been determined for tyrosine phenol-lyase from both erwinia herbicola and citrobacter freundii. the primary deuterium isotope effects indicate that proton abstraction from the 2-position of the substrate is partially rate-limiting for both enzymes. the c. freundii enzyme primary deuterium isotope effects [dv = 3.5 and d(v/ktyr) = 2.5] are ph independent, indicating that tyrosine is not sticky (i.e., does not d ... | 1988 | 3207679 |
| [antibacterial activities of monobactams against fresh clinical isolates]. | antibacterial activities of monobactam antibiotics (carumonam (crmn) and aztreonam (azt] against gram-negative bacilli isolated from inpatients in the latter half of 1987 were investigated using penicillin (pc: piperacillin (pipc], cephems (ceps: ceftazidime (caz), cefotaxime (ctx), latamoxef (lmox), cefsulodin (cfs], carbapenem (imipenem (ipm] and pyridonecarboxylic acids (norfloxacin (nflx) and ofloxacin (oflx] as reference antibiotics. a total of 400 strains of 13 species, i.e. escherichia co ... | 1988 | 3210297 |
| pathogenesis of brain abscess caused by citrobacter diversus or enterobacter sakazakii. | | 1988 | 3211637 |
| [in vitro synergy between cefotaxime and its main metabolite, desacetylcefotaxime]. | in vitro synergistic interaction between cefotaxime (ctx) and its main metabolite, desacetyl-cefotaxime (dctx), against 7 species of clinical isolates (23-27 strains per species) was examined. complete or partial synergy was noted with a 1:1 combination of ctx and dctx against 22-78% of the bacteroides fragilis, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter freundii, pseudomonas cepacia and enterobacter cloacae isolates examined. antagonistic effects of the drugs appeared against 11% of proteus vulgaris an ... | 1988 | 3216482 |
| in vitro activity of cefixime, a new oral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activities of cefixime and seven comparative oral antimicrobials were studied. mic90s of cefixime were 0.015-1 micrograms/ml for haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter diversus, proteus, providencia, aeromonas hydrophila and streptococcus. mic90s for other enterobacteriaceae were greater than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml; 44% of those strains were inhibited by less than or equal 1 microgram/ml. staphylococcus, psuedomonas aeruginosa ... | 1988 | 3219746 |
| survival of coliforms and bacterial pathogens within protozoa during chlorination. | the susceptibility of coliform bacteria and bacterial pathogens to free chlorine residuals was determined before and after incubation with amoebae and ciliate protozoa. viability of bacteria was quantified to determine their resistance to free chlorine residuals when ingested by laboratory strains of acanthamoeba castellanii and tetrahymena pyriformis. cocultures of bacteria and protozoa were incubated to facilitate ingestion of the bacteria and then were chlorinated, neutralized, and sonicated ... | 1988 | 3223766 |
| an epizootic infection of citrobacter freundii in a guineapig colony: short communication. | an epizootic infection of citrobacter freundii in a guineapig colony is reported. from 1300 guineapigs maintained in a colony, a total of 115 guineapigs died. lesions found postmortem were suggestive of acute pneumonia and enteritis. citrobacter freundii was consistently isolated from necropsy specimens of lung, liver, spleen and intestines of the animals. the source of infection was not ascertained. | 1988 | 3230869 |
| antibacterial activities of cefpodoxime, cefixime, and ceftriaxone. | cefpodoxime, cefixime, and ceftriaxone inhibited branhamella catarrhalis at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, beta-hemolytic streptococci at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml, neisseria meningitidis at less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml, and haemophilus influenzae (other than beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant isolates) at less than or equal to 0.12 microgram/ml. the mics for 50% of isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae other than citrobacter freundii, enterobacter ... | 1988 | 3245701 |
| clinical efficacy of carumonam. | carumonam is a new n-sulfo-beta-lactam antibiotic active against aerobic gram-negative bacteria. an open study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerance of carumonam with either 1 g t.i.d. (group a) or 2 g t.i.d. (group b) in bacterial septicaemia or severe sepsis. a total of 24 patients (14 men and 10 women) were included in the study, their ages ranged from 48-87 years (mean age 59). eighteen patients were treated for bacteraemia, three for bronchopneumonia, two for urinar ... | 1988 | 3246211 |
| bmy-28100, a new oral cephalosporin: antimicrobial activity against nearly 7,000 recent clinical isolates, comparative potency with other oral agents, and activity against beta-lactamase producing isolates. | the antimicrobial activity of bmy-28100 was tested against approximately 7,000 bacterial pathogens in a multicenter, multiphased collaborative investigation. the bmy-28100 spectrum and antimicrobial potency was most similar to that of cefaclor and superior to that of cephalexin among currently available cephalosporins. species that had greater than or equal to 90% of clinical strains inhibited by bmy-28100 (less than or equal to 8.0 micrograms/ml) were: citrobacter diversus, escherichia coli, kl ... | 1988 | 3259489 |
| isolation of a cephalosporinase inhibitor derived from cloxacillin sulfone in the presence of phosphate anions. | | 1988 | 3260231 |
| sequence and comparative analysis of three enterobacter cloacae ampc beta-lactamase genes and their products. | the sequences of three enterobacter cloacae ampc beta-lactamase genes have been determined. the deduced amino acid sequences are very similar: out of a total of 361 residues, only eight positions were found to be variable, and several mutations yielded residues with very similar properties. the kinetic properties of two of the enzymes were not significantly different. the three enzymes also exhibited a high degree of homology (greater than 70%) with the ampc beta-lactamases of escherichia coli k ... | 1988 | 3260487 |
| on the kinetic interaction between ceftriaxone and some beta-lactamases. | the activity of beta-lactamases from citrobacter diversus ula-27 on ceftriaxone, a widely recognized third-generation cephalosporin, has been examined and compared to the activity of various other beta-lactamases from different sources. ceftriaxone (roche s.p.a. milan) was found to be resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases from enterobacter cloacae and bacillus cereus, but susceptible to beta-lactamases from mycobacterium fortuitum strain cow 18 and, mostly, to beta-lactamases from various s ... | 1988 | 3260552 |
| in vitro activity of an oral iminomethoxy aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, r-3746. | the in vitro activity of r-3746, an iminomethoxy aminothiazolyl cephalosporin with a ch2och3 moiety at position 3, was compared with those of other antibiotics. r-3746 inhibited the majority of hemolytic streptococci (groups a, b, c, f, and g) and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than 0.06 micrograms/ml, which was comparable to the activity of amoxicillin, 2- to 8-fold more active than cefixime, and 16- to 64-fold more active than cefaclor and cephalexin. ninety percent of beta-lactamase-produci ... | 1988 | 3260766 |
| activity of temocillin and other penicillins against beta-lactamase-inducible and -stably derepressed enterobacteria. | mics of temocillin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin and ampicillin were determined for mutant series of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, morganella morganii and serratia marcescens with inducible, stably derepressed or basal expression of chromosomal class i beta-lactamases. ampicillin was inactive (mic greater than 256 mg/l) both against beta-lactamase-inducible organisms (except c. freundii) and their stably derepressed mutants, whereas basal ... | 1988 | 3263354 |
| amino acid sequence, active-site residue, and effect of suicide inhibitors on cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii gn346. | the structural gene for a cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii gn346 was sequenced. from the nucleotide sequence, the entire amino acid sequence of the mature enzyme with 361 amino acids and a molecular weight of 39,867 was determined. the active-site serine was directly confirmed to be serine 64 by studies in which the enzyme was labeled with dansylpenicillin. in investigations comparing the inhibitory effect of sulbactam (penicillanic acid sulfone) and cloxacillin sulfone on the cephalospo ... | 1988 | 3263684 |
| citrobacter diversus ula-27 beta-lactamases. improved purification and general properties. | two chromosome-encoded beta-lactamases have been purified from citrobacter diversus ula-27. they exhibited slightly different isoelectric points (6.8 and 6.2) and very similar mr values (congruent to 29,000). their specificity spectrum was rather wide, since they hydrolysed some cephalosporins with kcat: values similar to those observed with the best penicillin substrates. cloxacillin, methicillin and imipenem were hydrolysed very slowly. hydrolysis of azthreonam could not be detected. | 1988 | 3264152 |
| in vitro activity of the combination trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole compared with that of other chemotherapeutic agents. | for many years now, the combination trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole (active ingredients of bactrim) has proved to be an effective chemotherapeutic agent with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, including beta-hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, haemophilus influenza, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, klebsiella, enterobacter and citrobacter. in this comparative study, the antibacterial activity ... | 1988 | 3264166 |
| [pyogenic hepatic abscess]. | ten patients, 6 men and 4 women, with a mean age of 53 years, having pyogenic liver abscess, were studied to review the principal features of the clinical and bacteriological diagnosis. in 9 cases the abscess was located in the right hepatic lobe. bacteriological diagnosis was made in 6 cases: the etiology was nonmicrobian in 3 and two microorganisms were found in the other 3 cases. the isolated pathogens were: escherichia coli (3 cases), staphylococcus sp (3 cases), enterobacter agglomerans (1 ... | 1987 | 3270121 |
| sonography of brain abscesses complicating citrobacter neonatal meningitis. | the incidence of cerebral complications from citrobacter meningitis is high, and these problems are often difficult to diagnose clinically. cranial sonography provides the ideal imaging modality to detect the early complications of meningitis and the problems that may occur during or after treatment. early and serial use of cranial sonography should help to preserve brain tissue and minimize the long-term neurologic deficits that arise from this disease. | 1988 | 3276337 |
| rapidec ur, a 2-h miniaturized system for pinpointing uropathogens. | a miniaturized 2-h system (rapidec ur; api system, la balme-les-grottes, montalieu-vercieu, france) that uses nine enzymatic tests for the diagnosis of most uropathogens was challenged with 330 strains. with few exceptions (citrobacter, enterobacter, and providencia spp., morganella morganii, and staphylococci other than staphylococcus saprophyticus), there were distinct patterns that allowed at least a preliminary species diagnosis. | 1988 | 3277991 |
| cephalosporinase interactions and antimicrobial activity of bmy-28142, ceftazidime and cefotaxime. | cephalosporinases of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii were responsible for resistance to newer cephalosporins such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime but not bmy-28142. interaction of these cephalosporins including hydrolysis, binding, inhibition, and inactivation with cephalosporinases from e. cloacae gn7471 and c. freundii gn7391 were studied. bmy-28142 was much more stable against the both enzymes than cephalothin, but more hydrolyzable than cefotaxime and ceftazidime at higher concen ... | 1988 | 3279015 |
| tigemonam, an oral monobactam. | tigemonam is an orally administered monobactam. at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml it inhibited the majority of strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter diversus, proteus spp., providencia spp., aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella spp., shigella spp., serratia marcescens, and yersinia enterocolitica. at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml it inhibited haemophilus spp., neisseria spp., and branhamella catarrhalis. it did not inhibit pseudomonas spp. ... | 1988 | 3279906 |
| a fluorescent enzyme immunoassay for salmonella detection. | a double antibody sandwich immunoassay (eia) was developed for the detection of salmonella. the assay utilizes a beta-galactosidase-murine myeloma monoclonal antibody (m467) conjugate prepared with the heterobifunctional coupling reagent, n-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (spdp) and uses 4-methyl umbelliferyl beta-d-galactoside as a fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme. the eia is sensitive and rapid, and compared favorably with the conventional cultural technique in the analysis of ... | 1988 | 3283171 |
| evaluation of the ids rapid ss/u system for rapid identification of urinary microorganisms. | the accuracy of a new rapid identification system for common urinary pathogens was compared with that of conventional methods and of miniaturized 18-24-hour identification panels. the rapid system, rapid ss/u (innovative diagnostic system inc., atlanta, ga) is a non-growth-dependent micro-method that identifies selected gram-negative bacilli, gram-positive cocci, and yeasts in two hours by detection of constitutive enzymes acting on chromogenic substrates. a total of 185 representative clinical ... | 1988 | 3285661 |
| [clinical evaluation of ceftriaxone in the treatment of neonatal infections]. | ceftriaxone (ctrx) was administered to the newborn and its clinical effectiveness as well as its blood and cerebrospinal fluid levels were studied. 1. average blood levels of ctrx 1 hour after single intravenous administration were 39 micrograms/ml in 2 cases receiving about 10 mg/kg, 70 micrograms/ml in 2 other cases receiving 20 mg/kg and 208 micrograms/ml in one receiving 52.6 mg/kg. as is apparent from these cases data, blood levels of ctrx were dose dependent. blood levels of the drug were ... | 1988 | 3286924 |
| cefotetan: a review of the microbiologic properties and antimicrobial spectrum. | cefotetan (formerly ici 156834 and ym09330) is a 7-methoxy cephalosporin possessing some advantageous antimicrobial spectrum, safety, and pharmacokinetic characteristics compared with other so-called second-generation cephalosporins. the published literature was reviewed and the cefotetan quantitative susceptibility testing data from nearly 31,000 isolates was tabulated. against 15,769 enteric bacilli, cefotetan was observed to have a potency and spectrum more closely resembling a third-generati ... | 1988 | 3287964 |
| carumonam's in-vitro activity against gram-negative bacteria and its stability to their beta-lactamases. | the in vitro activity of the novel monobactam carumonam (ro17-2301) was evaluated on 311 gram-negative clinical isolates in comparison to aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefotetan and ceftriaxone. carumonam showed an antibacterial potency equal to or higher than any other reference compound; in particular it was the most effective against proteus indole positive and klebsiella sp. its antipseudomonal activity was comparable to that of ceftazidime and it showed, together with aztreonam, the h ... | 1988 | 3288365 |
| comparative in vitro activity of amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin), ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against hospital strains of gram-negative and -positive bacteria. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin), ceftazidime and ceftriaxone were compared against 330 gram-negative and gram-positive strains isolated from clinical specimens received at the king abdulaziz university hospital (kauh) in saudi arabia. the antibacterial susceptibility was determinated by stokes method and by the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) using an agar dilution method. ceftazidime and ceftriaxone were the most active antibiotics, inhibiting ... | 1988 | 3293818 |
| [etiology of corneal ulcers with special reference to bacterial genesis]. | the authors report on 134 patients (141 eyes) seen between may 1982 and december 1985 with corneal ulcers with or without hypopyon. eight patients (11 eyes) had a facial palsy, 7 (7 eyes) a varicella zoster infection, 1 (2 eyes) a marginal ulcer ("furrow keratitis") associated with collagenosis, 29 (29 eyes) an ulcerative keratitis with endophthalmitis, 1 (2 eyes) a pemphigoid-associated ulcer and 90 (92 eyes) a herpetic infection. pathogenic bacterial strains were isolated from 20 patients: 10 ... | 1987 | 3295371 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of a new monobactam, b0-1165. | b0-1165 is a 1-carboxy-1-cyclopropoxyamino,4-fluoromethyl monobactam. it inhibited the majority of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, citrobacter diversus, aeromonas hydrophila, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, providencia rettgeri, providencia stuartii, yersinia enterocolitica, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and salmonella and shigella species at less than or equal to 0.125 microgram/ml. overall, its in vitro activity was similar to that of aztreona ... | 1987 | 3300528 |
| coliphages and bacteria in groundwater from tehran, iran. | | 1987 | 3300822 |
| identification of two different hemolysin determinants in uropathogenic proteus isolates. | dna sequences similar to those of the escherichia coli hemolysin genes were detected among uropathogenic isolates of proteus vulgaris and morganella morganii by using the southern blotting technique and hly gene-specific dna probe. immunoblotting revealed that among the hemolytic p. vulgaris and m. morganii isolates there was expressed a polypeptide species similar in molecular size (110 kilodaltons) and antigenicity to escherichia coli hlya. a plasmid-mediated p. vulgaris hemolysin determinant ... | 1987 | 3305367 |
| a comparison of two incubation temperatures for the isolation of gram-negative contaminants from raw materials and non-sterile pharmaceuticals. | selective and non-selective broth enrichment techniques may be used in the isolation of microbial contaminants from pharmaceutical products. a non-selective method may give better recovery rates for damaged organisms. a trial was carried out to determine whether the recovery of gram-negative contaminants could be improved by using an incubation temperature of 30 degrees c for 48 h, rather than the more widely used 37 degrees c for 24 h. contaminants were isolated from 3.2% of samples incubated a ... | 1987 | 3305531 |
| cell turnover and colon tumor development. | the proliferative characteristics of the large bowel are determined genetically and can vary over a wide range, the lower range being resistant to chemically induced tumors and the upper range expressing susceptibility. basically, the colon has a relatively high level of cell renewal. it can be further elevated or depressed by a number of dietary and environmental conditions. a hyperproliferative state has been induced by the presence of carrageenan, citrobacter freundii, nonspecific injury, or ... | 1987 | 3306653 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of cs-807, a new oral cephalosporin. | cs-807 is a new oral prodrug of r-3746, a cephalosporin derivative, with potent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the susceptibility of about 1,200 clinical isolates to r-3746 was determined by the agar dilution method. ninety percent or more of pathogens such as staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, indole-positive and indole-negative proteus spp., providencia rettgeri, a ... | 1987 | 3310868 |
| clinical significance of beta-lactamase induction and stable derepression in gram-negative rods. | most strains of enterobacteria and pseudomonas aeruginosa produce chromosomally-determined class i beta-lactamases. when synthesized copiously these enzymes cause resistance to almost all beta-lactams, except imipenem and, sometimes, carbenicillin and tenocillin. elevated beta-lactamase production arises transiently, via induction, in pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter, citrobacter, morganella, indole-positive proteus and serratia spp. when these organisms are exposed to beta-lactams. perma ... | 1987 | 3311738 |
| [comparative in vitro study of the antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime against clinical isolates]. | the antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime was tested against 1482 gram-negative and 1216 gram-positive strains isolated from fresh clinical specimens and compared with generally used antibiotics including other third generation cephalosporins and broad spectrum penicillins. minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined in a broth dilution test on microtiter plates. in the group of the gram-negative bacteria ceftazidime was the most active of the antimicrobial agents tested with an mic of 0.5 ... | 1987 | 3312026 |
| [the antimicrobial activity of sisomicin against fresh clinical isolates]. | antimicrobial activities of sisomicin (siso) against clinical isolates obtained in the second half of 1986 were investigated together with other 4 aminoglycosides (ags) (gentamicin (gm), tobramycin (tob), dibekacin (dkb), amikacin (amk] and 2 cephems (cefotiam, cefotaxime), and were compared to the results reported in the period of late 1970's through early 1980's in japan. 1. the incidence of siso-resistant staphylococcus aureus in the present study was 18% and is comparable to that of the othe ... | 1987 | 3327965 |
| citrobacter diversus and neonatal brain abscess. | a 23-day-old infant presented with apnea and was found to have citrobacter diversus meningitis and brain abscess. the organism persisted in brain abscess fluid for over 4 weeks despite adequate antibiotic therapy. cranial computed tomography demonstrated persistent radiolucencies in both frontal lobes, and midline shift, long after completion of antibiotic therapy. effective therapy of c. diversus meningitis and brain abscess may require use of an antibiotic active within phagocytes, and judicio ... | 1987 | 3334014 |
| pathogenesis of brain abscess formation in an infant rat model of citrobacter diversus bacteremia and meningitis. | the pathogenesis of citrobacter diversus meningitis and brain abscess was studied in infant rats. two-day-old rats were inoculated intraperitoneally and intranasally with c. diversus. c. diversus strain 4277, lacking the 32,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein that appears to be a marker for strains causing meningitis in human neonates, was more likely to produce bacteremia, meningitis, and death in rats than was strain 4036, which possesses this outer membrane protein. strain 4036 was, h ... | 1988 | 3335794 |
| [nosocomial infections of the urinary tract in urology patients]. | researches effected in different nations have revealed that 5-12% of all hospitalized patients was affected with a nosocomial infection and that almost 1/3 of these were urinary tract infections. the hospitalized urological patients have a considerable proneness to contract a nosocomial urinary tract infection, because they are subjected to transurethral or suprapubic bladder catheterisms, to transurethral surgery and to the endoscopies, that are promoting maneuvers the urinary tract infections. ... | 1988 | 3340313 |
| a survey of clinical experience with ciprofloxacin, a new quinolone antimicrobial. | ciprofloxacin is a new quinolone antimicrobial agent with activity against a broad spectrum of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, including pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci. the efficacy and safety results of 80 clinical studies of the oral form of ciprofloxacin are reported. drug safety was assessed in 2236 courses in 2203 adult patients treated primarily in the united states. data from 1676 courses were suitable for analysis of drug efficacy. th ... | 1988 | 3360968 |
| application of optical properties of the vi capsular polysaccharide for quantitation of the vi antigen in vaccines for typhoid fever. | the capsular polysaccharide of salmonella typhi and of citrobacter freundii (vi) is a linear homopolymer of alpha 1,4-linked n-acetylgalactosaminuronic acid, variably o-acetylated at the c-3 position. vaccines composed of vi confer protection against typhoid fever with an efficacy of about 70%; vi has recently been conjugated to proteins to increase its immunogenicity and effectiveness (i.l. acharya, r. tapa, v.l. gurubacharya, m.b. shrestha, c.u. lowe, d.d. bryla, r. schneerson, j.b. robbins, t ... | 1988 | 3366868 |