| surface antigens of bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis and other bordetella species cause respiratory infections in humans and in a variety of animals. clinical isolates of b. pertussis have multiple virulence factors, several of which have been reported to induce protective immunity. using cell surface iodination techniques and monoclonal antibody immunoblots we have identified several proteins which are exposed on the surface of b. pertussis cells, including the filamentous hemagglutinin and outer membrane proteins 91, 18, and ... | 1985 | 2866677 |
| inhibition of lipopolysaccharide mitogenicity with characterized anti-lipid a monoclonal antibodies. | antibodies to lipid a were raised in mice immunized with non-hydrolysed bordetella pertussis microorganisms, coated with lipid a isolated from the same bacteria. anti-lipid a activity of immune sera was measured by radioimmunoassay. four hybrid cell lines that secrete antibodies directed against the hydrophobic region of b. pertussis lipopolysaccharide were produced by cell fusion between myeloma cells and spleen cells from immunized c3h/he-pas mice. differences were observed in the potency of t ... | 1985 | 2867028 |
| pertussis toxin is required for pertussis vaccine encephalopathy. | a mouse model for encephalopathy induced by pertussis immunization has been described; it has features that closely resemble some of the severe reactions, including seizures and a shock-like state leading to death, occasionally seen after administration of bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine. susceptibility to encephalopathy maps to genes of the major histocompatibility complex and correlates as well with the genetic regulation of the level of antibody response to bovine serum albumin. ... | 1985 | 2867545 |
| calmodulin inhibits entry of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase into animal cells. | bordetella pertussis, the pathogen responsible for whooping cough, releases a soluble calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase into its culture medium. recently, confer and eaton [confer, d., & eaton, j. (1982) science (washington, d.c.) 217, 948-950], as well as hanski and farfel [hanski, e., & farfel, z. (1985) j. biol. chem. 290, 5526-5536], have shown that crude extracts from b. pertussis containing adenylate cyclase activity cause elevations in intracellular camp when incubated with human neu ... | 1985 | 2867777 |
| purification and characterization of a calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase from bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis, the bacterium responsible for whooping cough, releases a soluble, calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase into its culture medium. b. pertussis mutants deficient in this enzyme are avirulent, indicating that the adenylate cyclase contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. it has been proposed that b. pertussis adenylate cyclase may enter animal cells and increase intracellular adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate (camp) levels. we have purified the enzyme extensively from c ... | 1985 | 2867778 |
| purification and subunit heterogeneity of pili of bordetella bronchiseptica. | pili were isolated and purified from bordetella bronchiseptica. electron microscopic observations revealed that pili are ubiquitous in this species. the occurrence of pili and flagella appeared to correlate with growth phase and colonial morphology. pili were about 3 to 4 nm in diameter and morphologically similar to pili isolated from other gram-negative bacteria. internal core structure was not evident. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified pili showed that up t ... | 1986 | 2867974 |
| isolation of the outer membrane components of bordetella pertussis which enhance the immunogenicity of haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide polyribosyl ribitol phosphate. | the outer membrane (om) component(s) from bordetella pertussis which potentiated the antigenicity of purified haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide, polyribosyl ribitol phosphate (prp), has been isolated and partially characterized. the om was isolated from spheroplasting medium by precipitating at ph 5.0; fractionation was carried out by dissolving the crude om in triton x-100 followed by selective precipitation of om in 50% ethanol. further purification of om was accomplished b ... | 1986 | 2868992 |
| survival of bordetella pertussis in transport media. | | 1986 | 2869056 |
| relationship between non-antigen-specific immunodepression and persisting immune complexes induced by pertussis in mice. | a temporal relationship has been demonstrated between persisting immune complexes and non-antigen-specific immunodepression. mice were given intraperitoneal injections of bordetella pertussis at weekly intervals. after 7 weeks they developed circulating immune complexes, the levels of which increased with continued administration of pertussis. the increase in immune complex levels was accompanied by a diminished primary immune response to intraperitoneally injected sheep erythrocytes (srbc) as j ... | 1986 | 2870021 |
| immunoprotection of mice against trypanosoma cruzi with a lyophilized flagellar fraction of the parasite plus adjuvant. | the immunization with the flagellar (f) fraction from epimastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi has been shown to protect mice against a challenge of bloodstream trypomastigotes of the parasite, both in terms of mortality and decrease in parasitemia. we have compared the immunoprotective properties of the fresh f fraction with those of a lyophilized f (lf) fraction, alone or together with bordetella pertussis (bp) as adjuvant. the best results were obtained with lf + bp: after challenge with 1 x 10(3) ... | 1986 | 2870022 |
| secreted adenylate cyclase of bordetella pertussis: calmodulin requirements and partial purification of two forms. | the extracellular adenylate cyclase of bordetella pertussis was partially purified and found to contain high- and low-molecular-weight species. the high-molecular-weight form had a variable molecular weight with a peak at about 700,000. the smaller species had a molecular weight of 60 to 70,000 as determined by gel filtration. the low-molecular-weight form could be derived from the high-molecular-weight species. the high-molecular-weight complex purified from the cellular supernatant was highly ... | 1986 | 2870055 |
| the effects of purified components of bordetella pertussis in the weight gain test for the toxicity testing of pertussis vaccines. | the effects of highly purified preparations of three bordetella pertussis components--pertussis toxin (pt), lipopolysaccharide (lps) and filamentous haemagglutinin (fha)--were examined in the mouse weight gain test, a toxicity test for pertussis vaccine. when these components were administered alone, pt enhanced initial weight gains of the mice, lps produced an initial weight loss and fha had no detectable effect on the weights of the mice. however, testing the components in combinations reveale ... | 1986 | 2870067 |
| [immunologic findings in oral pertussis vaccination]. | whooping cough specific surface iga antibodies, agglutinating serum igg antibodies and the in vitro lymphocyte reactivity to bordetella pertussis germs were investigated in newborns and infants both unvaccinated and parenterally and orally immunized against whooping cough. furthermore the e-rosette formation and the lymphocyte reactivity to phytohaemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen and concanavalin a were studied. only oral pertussis immunisation effected a local immune reaction with formation of se ... | 1986 | 2870453 |
| disturbed adrenergic regulation of coronary flow in the guinea pig heart after bordetella pertussis and endotoxin. | | 1986 | 2870627 |
| prospects for a new acellular pertussis vaccine. | a number of virulence factors of bordetella pertussis have been isolated and studied for their roles in pathogenesis and are under consideration, singly and in combinations, for inclusion in candidate acellular pertussis vaccines to be used in clinical trials to demonstrate safety and efficacy. prospective immunogens would include lymphocytosis-promoting factor, agglutinogens, adenylate cyclase, filamentous haemagglutinin, heat-labile toxin and tracheal cytotoxin. some of these factors are toxin ... | 1985 | 2870676 |
| bordetella pertussis in new york state 1972-1982. | | 1986 | 2871537 |
| molecular cloning of pertussis toxin genes. | we have cloned a 4.5 kb ecori/bamhi dna fragment from bordetella pertussis which contains at least two genes responsible for expression of pertussis toxin. the s4 subunit of the toxin was isolated by high pressure liquid chromatography and the nh2-terminal amino acid sequence determined. using a mixed synthetic oligonucleotide probe designed by reverse translation of a portion of the protein sequence, a cloned dna fragment was identified which contains the coding information for at least the s4 ... | 1986 | 2871544 |
| [enhancing the effectiveness of microbiological nutrient media through balancing their content by an experimental analytical method]. | the possibility of successful use of the analitico-experimental method for the development and improvement of balanced microbiological growth media, economical in composition, has been shown. by this method a new variant of the semisynthetic medium for growing bordetella pertussis vaccine strain has been obtained, thus making it possible to achieve a considerable increase in the yield of the biomass without decreasing the immunogenicity of the culture. the use of the balanced medium in the produ ... | 1986 | 2871676 |
| [effect of radiation sterilization on the immunobiological properties of the sorbed protective fraction of bordetella pertussis]. | the possibility of using radiation for the sterilization of the dried preparation of b. pertussis adsorbed protective fraction has been studied. the use of gamma irradiation in a dose of 1.5 x 10(3) j/kg has been found to permit obtaining sterile preparations while preserving their initial protective properties. | 1986 | 2871678 |
| effects of anaesthesia and surgery on serum opsonic capacity. | several factors of immune response are affected by anaesthesia and surgery. opsonization as a phase of the phagocytic process was studied in ten patients undergoing cholecystectomy under balanced anaesthesia with thiopentone, suxamethonium, pancuronium, n2o + o2, fentanyl, dehydrobenzperidol and enflurane. the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence responses were depressed at the end of surgery in phagocytosis of patient-serum-opsonized zymosan and bordetella pertussis (p less than 0.05). the respo ... | 1986 | 2871687 |
| bacterial adenylate cyclase increases cyclic amp and hormone release in pituitary tumor cells. | calmodulin-activated, adenylate cyclase toxin, a virulence factor produced by the human respiratory pathogen bordetella pertussis, elicits marked accumulation of cyclic amp in cell lines from rat pituitary tumors. this effect is associated with and apparently responsible for an enhanced release of prolactin and/or growth hormone from gh3, gh4c1 and 235-1 cells. the utility of this novel toxin in probing cyclic amp-mediated responses is supported by these observations and studies with pertussis a ... | 1986 | 2871835 |
| critical assessment of the platelet adenylate cyclase system as a potential model for testing alpha 2 adrenergic activity. | we have studied the effects of kum 32 and cbs 1276, two clonidine-related drugs, upon the adenylate cyclase system of human platelets. both drugs behaved as potent antagonists of epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. [3h]yohimbine binding studies revealed that the drugs bind to the alpha 2 adrenergic receptor of human platelets. kum 32 and cbs 1276 also behaved as strong inhibitors of adenylate cyclase activity. this inhibition, which was not competitive with respect to atp, is not an alpha ... | 1986 | 2871841 |
| bordetella pertussis tracheal cytotoxin. | the most consistent pathological feature of pertussis is the selective colonization and subsequent destruction of ciliated cells in the respiratory epithelium. phase i b. pertussis can reproduce the human respiratory tract cytopathology during in vitro infection of hamster tracheal organ cultures. however, most isolated biologically active components produced by b. pertussis (lymphocytosis-promoting factor, adenylate cyclase, dermonecrotic toxin, etc.) have no apparent cytopathic effect on the r ... | 1985 | 2872096 |
| genetic studies of the molecular basis of whooping cough. | the etiologic agent of whooping cough, bordetella pertussis, synthesizes several biochemically and biologically active factors believed to contribute to the disease process. they include filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), pertussis toxin (ptx), adenylate cyclase toxin (ac), and hemolysin (hly). we have used a genetic approach to evaluate the contribution of these factors to the virulence of b. pertussis. a series of b. pertussis mutants prepared by transposon tn5 insertion mutagenesis were charact ... | 1985 | 2872097 |
| cell surface antigens of bordetella pertussis. | cell surface-specific radiolabelling techniques, monoclonal antibody analyses, and chemical and physical isolation of cell fractions were used to study the surface of b. pertussis cells. four surface specific proteins were identified by radioiodination and monoclonal antibody techniques. these included the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), and three outer membrane proteins-omp91, omp18 and omp15. membrane blebs were isolated from culture supernatants and shown to contain lpsii, pertussis toxin (p ... | 1985 | 2872098 |
| the location of surface antigens of bordetella pertussis by immuno-electron microscopy. | immuno-electron microscopy using colloidal gold-tagged monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) has been used to detect antigens on the surface of bordetella pertussis cells. mcabs to serotype-specific agglutinogens 2 and 3 labelled fimbriae in a serotype-specific manner. an attempt was made to determine whether individual fimbriae of serotype 1.2.3 cells bear both antigens 2 and 3. in double labelling experiments, individual cells were found to label with mcabs to antigen 2 (3 nm gold) and to antigen 3 (1 ... | 1985 | 2872100 |
| release and purification of fimbriae from bordetella pertussis. | a competitive elisa has been used to monitor the release of fimbriae from 1.2.3 serotype of b. pertussis after treatment by different methods and fimbriae have been purified from homogenates or kscn extracts by chromatography. fimbriae purified from different serotypes have been studied by inhibition of bacterial agglutination, immunodiffusion and sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. fimbriae purified from a 1.2 serotype have been labelled in immunoelectron microscopy with a igm monoclonal an ... | 1985 | 2872101 |
| protection against intranasal infection of mice with bordetella pertussis. | mice have been infected by intranasal instillation of bordetella pertussis and the infection monitored by determining numbers of bacteria isolated from the lungs. outer membrane proteins, filamentous hemagglutinin, toxoided-lymphocytosis promoting factor and agglutinogens (fimbriae) actively protect mice against intranasal infection and antibodies of the antigens neutralize infectivity. the neutralization of infection by agglutinins is serospecific. in general, antigens that actively protect mic ... | 1985 | 2872102 |
| purification of serotype 2 fimbriae of bordetella pertussis and their identification as a mouse protective antigen. | fimbriae were removed from bordetella pertussis by mechanical shearing and purified by successive precipitations with ammonium sulfate, ph 6.0 phosphate buffer, and magnesium chloride. electron microscopy showed the purified fimbriae to be long filamentous structures (5 nm in diameter) which aggregated into bundles at ph 6.0. sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of the purified fimbriae gave a single protein subunit with a molecular weight of 22,000. the purified fimbriae did not have hema ... | 1985 | 2872103 |
| purification and preliminary characterization of agglutinogen 3 from bordetella pertussis. | one serotype antigen, agglutinogen 3, from bordetella pertussis, (strain m2, serotype 1.3), has been purified. the purification procedure included acetone drying of cells harvested from shaking cultures. agglutinogens were extracted in phosphate buffered saline. crude extract was heat treated at 80 degrees c for 5 min and precipitated by ammonium sulphate between 25 and 60% saturation at 4 degrees c, providing 50% of the total activity and a five-fold purification. further purification was attem ... | 1985 | 2872104 |
| filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin promote adherence of bordetella pertussis to cilia. | bordetella pertussis adheres specifically to the cilia of respiratory epithelial cells. this ability to adhere is characteristic of virulent organisms. in order to define the contribution of various virulence factors of b. pertussis to the process of adherence, mutants deficient in single virulence factors were tested for the ability to adhere to rabbit cilia in vitro and in vivo. two protective antigens were found to be critical to the process of adherence: filamentous hemagglutinin and pertuss ... | 1985 | 2872105 |
| involvement of filamentous hemagglutinin in the adherence of bordetella pertussis to human widr cell cultures. | attachment of 35s-methionine-labelled bordetella pertussis to monolayers of widr cells, an epithelium-like cell line from a human intestinal carcinoma, was examined. the amount of adherence was proportional to the density of the widr cells and to the concentration of b. pertussis in the assay. the amount of attachment of virulent strains tohama phase i, 114 and 338 was much greater than the attachment of avirulent strains, tohama phase iii and 423 phase iv. attachment of strain tohama 325, a spo ... | 1985 | 2872106 |
| the adjuvant effect of pertussis endotoxin protein in modulating the immune response to cholera toxoid in mice. | endotoxin protein represents a group of immunobiologically active p polypeptides which are associated with the lipopolysaccharide endotoxin in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. to study the adjuvant effect of endotoxin protein, cf-1 mice were immunized intraperitoneally with graded doses of glutaraldehyde-inactivated cholera toxoid with and without endotoxin protein prepared from bordetella pertussis, salmonella typhi or vibrio cholerae. immune responsiveness was assessed by measurin ... | 1985 | 2872108 |
| immunomodulation by bordetella pertussis: antiviral effects. | treatment of mice by intraperitoneal inoculation of pertussis vaccine or lipopolysaccharide extracted from b. pertussis will effect resistance to rabies virus, encephalomyocarditis virus, semliki forest virus, and herpes simplex virus. our previous observations indicated that treatment of c3h/hen (+/nu) and bdf1 mice with pertussis vaccine injected i.p. five days prior to a mouse adenovirus lethal dose i.p. challenge elicited resistance to clinical disease and death. susceptibility returned to a ... | 1985 | 2872109 |
| characteristic cellular fatty acid composition and an ornithine-containing lipid as a new type of hemagglutinin in bordetella pertussis. | the fatty acid composition of the total extractable cellular lipids of bordetella pertussis was very characteristic and was mostly hexadecenoic and hexadecanoic acids (90%) in a ratio of about 1:1. the fatty acid composition of bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica differed from that of b. pertussis. the two species were distinguished by the fatty acid composition of cell-bound lipids. the ornithine-containing lipid was characteristic of the genus bordetella and its main structu ... | 1985 | 2872110 |
| studies on phase variation in bordetella pertussis. | pathogenic strains of bordetella pertussis undergo spontaneous phase variation and become non-pathogenic upon culturing in vitro. the spontaneous process was studied in pathogenic b. pertussis strains tohama, 165 and 18323 by isolating spontaneous variants, selected for their ability to grow on synthetic and semi-synthetic solid media. in strains tohama and 165, the frequency of variants able to grow on synthetic and semi-synthetic media was between 10(-6) and 10(-7). about 250 variant strains w ... | 1985 | 2872111 |
| bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin gene: molecular cloning of a potential coding sequence. | we have constructed an expression library of bordetella pertussis dna sequences, cloned in escherichia coli. random dna fragments were inserted into the beta-galactosidase gene of bacteriophage lambda gt11 and plaques were screened with antibodies directed against filamentous hemagglutinin. the antigen-positive clone obtained expressed b. pertussis sequences as polypeptides fused to beta-galactosidase. the fusion polypeptides reacted both with antibodies to beta-galactosidase and with antibodies ... | 1985 | 2872112 |
| bordetella adenylate cyclase: a genus specific protective antigen and virulence factor. | most of the adenylate cyclase (ac) present in bordetella species is localized in the outer membrane, partly exposed to the cell surface. an isolation procedure to obtain the cell-bound enzyme was applied to bordetella bronchiseptica, bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. passive transfer of b. bronchiseptica anti-ac antibody, either in the form of monoclonal antibody or antibody transferred to offspring from female mice previously immunized with immunopurified b. bronchiseptica ac, ... | 1985 | 2872113 |
| cloning of bordetella pertussis outer membrane proteins in escherichia coli. | we have cloned in escherichia coli a 40 kb chromosomal dna fragment of bordetella pertussis which encoded the synthesis of two major outer membrane proteins specific to this microorganism. the clone harbouring the plasmid pfsh200 has shown modulation of the expression of these proteins when grown on complete solid medium. however, this phenomenon has not occurred in clones harbouring smaller derivatives of plasmid pfsh200 and one such derivative, plasmid pfsh201, has been isolated and further ch ... | 1985 | 2872114 |
| bordetella adenylate cyclase: host toxicity and diagnostic utility. | two toxins from bordetella pertussis, pertussis toxin and bordetella adenylate cyclase, cause profound disruptions of camp metabolism in mammalian cells. while the role of each toxin in the whooping cough syndrome is unknown, it is highly likely that together they confer on the organism an important proliferative advantage. intact b. pertussis cells express large amounts of adenylate cyclase activity on their exterior surface. in a presently unknown fashion, this enzyme can enter human phagocyte ... | 1985 | 2872118 |
| improved serodiagnosis of whooping cough caused by bordetella pertussis by determination of igg anti-lpf antibody levels. | the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been used for the determination of the isotype and the specificity of bordetella pertussis serum antibodies induced by natural infection and by vaccination. in a previous study (j. med. microbiol., 16, 417-426 (1984)) it was shown that the presence of pertussis serum iga antibodies could be used as an indicator of infection: iga antibodies were not induced by vaccination nor transported from the mother to the serum of the child. in the present st ... | 1985 | 2872120 |
| serological diagnosis of whooping cough. | cooperating with pediatricians in private practice and in hospitals, we tried to evaluate the diagnostic relevance of three serological methods for the detection of antibodies to bordetella pertussis. the tests employed were a microagglutination, a complement fixation and an enzyme-linked immunoassay (elisa) to measure specific igg, igm, iga and ige with whole b. pertussis phase i cells as an antigen. in addition, sera were tested for complement-fixing antibodies to respiratory-syncytial (rs) vi ... | 1985 | 2872121 |
| specific anti-bordetella pertussis activities in human blood examined by enzyme-linked immunoassay and biological assay. | enzyme-linked immunoassays have been employed in this work to measure antibodies against either pertussigen or filamentous hemagglutinin, using a urease-conjugated second antibody system. pertussigen and filamentous hemagglutinin were obtained from the supernatants of bordetella pertussis cultures by chromatographic procedures, and were shown to be essentially free of other proteins. further checks have established the specificity of the enzyme-linked immunoassay-systems. anti-pertussigen and an ... | 1985 | 2872123 |
| antibody responses after vaccination and disease against leukocytosis promoting factor, filamentous hemagglutinin, lipopolysaccharide and a protein binding to complement-fixing antibodies induced during whooping cough. | the serum antibody responses of vaccinated children and whooping cough patients to the highly purified bordetella pertussis antigens, leukocytosis-promoting factor (lpf), lipopolysaccharide (lps), a protein binding to complement-fixing antibodies induced during whooping cough (pbca) and to a partly purified filamentous hemagglutinin fraction (fha) were analysed in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. of the igg antibodies, those to fha and lps were often persistent both after infection and vaccina ... | 1985 | 2872124 |
| a rapid and simple method for evaluation of serum opsonic capacity against bordetella pertussis by chemiluminescence. | serum opsonic capacity against bordetella pertussis was studied by using quantitative chemiluminescence (cl) which is known to have several advantages over conventional methods in the evaluation of opsonization and phagocytosis. for opsonization, sera from whooping cough patients or from controls were incubated with killed b. pertussis cells at 37 degrees c for 30 min. polymorphonuclear leukocytes, mononuclear cells or unfractionated leukocytes, all from healthy blood donors, were added to the o ... | 1985 | 2872125 |
| murine model for pertussis vaccine encephalopathy: role of the major histocompatibility complex; antibody to albumin and to bordetella pertussis and pertussis toxin. | a mouse model for pertussis immunization encephalopathy has been described with features that closely resemble the severe adverse reactions occasionally seen after pertussis vaccine administration,m including seizures and a shock-like state leading to death. these reactions are produced with nearly one hundred percent efficiency provided that the mice immunized with bordetella pertussis have 1) the appropriate major histocompatibility (h-2) genotype, 2) have been sensitized to bovine serum album ... | 1985 | 2872126 |
| protective antigens of bordetella pertussis mouse-protection test against intracerebral and aerosol challenge of b. pertussis. | pertussis toxin (pt) and filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) which are the main components of pertussis vaccine in japan, were investigated concerning their role as protective antigens. four different experiments were carried out to investigate the ability of the antigens or antibodies to protect mice from pertussis infection: 1) mice immunized with formalinized pt (ptd) and/or fha (f-fha) were tested by the intracerebral challenge system; 2) suckling mice immunized through the placenta or the milk ... | 1985 | 2872127 |
| altered mononuclear phagocyte function in mice treated with the lymphocytosis promoting factor of bordetella pertussis. | lymphocytosis promoting factor (lpf) is a protein toxin which may have a role in the pathogenesis of pertussis. previous results from our laboratory demonstrated that lpf inhibited random migration and chemotaxis of resident peritoneal macrophages, but had little or no effect on macrophage viability, adherence, superoxide anion release, or fc-mediated phagocytosis. the current experiments have examined mononuclear phagocyte function in mice treated with lpf. intravenous injection of mice with 20 ... | 1985 | 2872133 |
| effect of heptakis (2,6-0-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin on cell growth and the production of pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin in bordetella pertussis. | heptakis (2,6-0 dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin (mecd) which permits the growth of single colonies of bordetella pertussis tohama phase i on stainer-scholte medium solidified with agar also enhanced the production of pertussis toxin (pt). more than one hundred times the amount of pt was produced in stainer-scholte medium with mecd in shake culture than was produced in mecd-free medium. a maximum of 50 mg pt protein was produced per liter of culture broth as estimated by in vitro and in vivo assays. t ... | 1985 | 2872134 |
| purification of a protein with hypoglycaemic effect from bordetella pertussis cell extracts. | | 1986 | 2872158 |
| filamentous hemagglutinin has a major role in mediating adherence of bordetella pertussis to human widr cells. | [35s]methionine-labeled bordetella pertussis adhered to monolayers of widr cells, an epitheliumlike cell line from a human intestinal carcinoma. adherence was proportional to the density of the widr cells and to the concentration of b. pertussis in the assay. adherence of virulent phase i strains tohama phase i, 114, and bp338 was much greater than adherence of avirulent strains tohama phase iii and 423 phase iv. mutants deficient in the production of the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) were hem ... | 1986 | 2872165 |
| effects of the novel immunomodulator ls 2616 on the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to bordetella pertussis in the rat. | treatment of sprague-dawley rats with the compound ls 2616, a quinoline-3-carboxamide, enhanced the delayed-type hypersensitivity response (dth) to recall antigens as judged by the specific accumulation of inflammatory cells after challenge with bordetella pertussis in the pleural space. ls 2616 was effective when given both before sensitization and at the time of secondary antigen challenge. the effect of ls 2616 on dth was dose-dependent. ls 2616 was highly effective in enhancing dth in rats w ... | 1986 | 2872188 |
| comparison of blood-free medium (cyclodextrin solid medium) with bordet-gengou medium for clinical isolation of bordetella pertussis. | cyclodextrin solid medium (csm) developed by us was evaluated to be a suitable synthetic medium for the clinical isolation of bordetella pertussis when compared with bordet-gengou (bg) medium. the addition of 5 micrograms of cephalexin (cex) per ml to csm not only supported the good growth of b. pertussis but also sufficiently suppressed the growth of nasopharyngeal flora. during period 1 of this study, nasopharyngeal specimens from 60 patients with clinical pertussis were inoculated on csm supp ... | 1986 | 2872229 |
| use of implantable intraperitoneal diffusion chambers to study bordetella pertussis pathogenesis: growth and toxin production in vivo. | a new animal model for bordetella pertussis infection is described. the system utilizes small chambers bounded by 0.22-micron filter membranes. the chambers are inoculated with b. pertussis, sealed, and surgically implanted into the peritoneal cavity of mice. the chamber system allows dynamic interchange of soluble host and bacterial factors, but not cells. we have used this system to study the growth of various clinical isolates and vaccine strains of b. pertussis, including an isogenic virulen ... | 1986 | 2872255 |
| the fatty acid content of the bordetella pertussis endotoxin. | the fatty acid content of bordetella pertussis endotoxin has been estimated by several methods. expressed as 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, it was 0.74 mumol (mg lyophilized material)-1, 0.38 mumol being ester-bound, and 0.32 mumol in amide linkage. reported molar ratios of ester-bound to amide-bound fatty acids in endotoxins of various bacterial species range from 2.4 to 2 in b. pertussis, to 5 to 2 in salmonella minnesota; according to these figures large differences must exist in the degree of ... | 1986 | 2872266 |
| antigenic heterogeneity in subunit s1 of pertussis toxin. | culture supernates containing pertussis toxin (pt) from four strains of bordetella pertussis were examined for both immunological reactivity and biological activity. pt from all four strains sensitized mice to histamine and toxin was detectable in supernates of all strains when examined by western blotting with polyclonal antiserum to pt. in supernates of three of the four strains, pt was detectable by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using mouse monoclonal antibody to subunit s1 of ... | 1986 | 2872269 |
| [use of a lyophilized preparation of bordetella pertussis endotoxin-coated sheep erythrocytes in the serological diagnosis of whooping cough]. | | 1986 | 2872387 |
| characterization of the filamentous hemagglutinin from bordetella pertussis by gel electrophoresis. | a highly purified preparation of filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) from bordetella pertussis was analyzed for its protein composition by gel electrophoretic methods. in this preparation of fha the following native species could be detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) at ph 3.2: s1 and s2 (inactive subunits or fragments); two monomers, a major form designated ia (144k), and a minor form ib, differing only in net charge; and three oligomeric forms, designated ii (213k), iii (595k) a ... | 1986 | 2872590 |
| stimulation of the thiol-dependent adp-ribosyltransferase and nad glycohydrolase activities of bordetella pertussis toxin by adenine nucleotides, phospholipids, and detergents. | pertussis toxin catalyzed adp-ribosylation of the guanyl nucleotide binding protein transducin was stimulated by adenine nucleotide and either phospholipids or detergents. to determine the sites of action of these agents, their effects were examined on the transducin-independent nad glycohydrolase activity. toxin-catalyzed nad hydrolysis was increased synergistically by atp and detergents or phospholipids; the zwitterionic detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (chap ... | 1986 | 2872921 |
| cloning and sequencing of the pertussis toxin genes: operon structure and gene duplication. | pertussis toxin, a protein composed of five different subunits (s1, s2, s3, s4, and s5), is the major virulence factor of bordetella pertussis. we have cloned and sequenced a dna fragment of 4.7 kilobases that contains the genes coding for the five subunits. the genes are clustered within 3.2 kilobases in the following order: s1, s2, s4, s5, and s3. a sequence closely resembling escherichia coli promoters is found only before the s1 gene, and a possible termination signal is present at the end o ... | 1986 | 2873570 |
| a simple method for the assay of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase employing 31p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | a simple method for the simultaneous assay of both substrate utilization and product formation by bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase has been developed. this method involves measurement of atp remaining in the reaction mixture and cyclic 3',5'-amp (camp) formation by 31p-nmr spectroscopy. no separation of the nucleotides is required. the measurement of the rate of camp formation compared very well with other methods that require separation of product from the substrate. with this method it h ... | 1986 | 2874163 |
| comparison of three media for culture of bordetella pertussis. | | 1986 | 2874987 |
| the carrier state: bordetella pertussis. | | 1986 | 2875052 |
| helical structure of bordetella pertussis fimbriae. | the helical structures of bordetella pertussis fimbriae of serotypes 2 and 6 were determined by optical diffraction analysis of electron micrographs of negatively stained paracrystalline bundles of purified fimbriae. the fimbrial structure is based on an axial repeat of 13 nm that contains five repeating units in two complete turns of a single-start helix. this structure was confirmed by direct measurements of mass per unit length for individual fimbriae performed by dark-field scanning transmis ... | 1986 | 2875062 |
| association of bordetella pertussis-induced hypersensitivity to serotonin with the h-2 gene complex. | susceptibility to bordetella pertussis-induced sensitivity to serotonin was found to be associated with the h-2 gene complex in mice. h-2 congenic and independent strains which possess the h-2b and h-2s haplotypes were susceptible to serotonin sensitization by pertussigen (p-hsf) while mice with the h-2k and h-2d haplotypes were resistant. the gene or genes which control susceptibility were found to map to the h-2sbdb end of the h-2 complex; susceptibility appears to be inherited as a co-dominan ... | 1986 | 2875111 |
| serotype and drug susceptibility of bordetella pertussis isolated in japan from 1975 to 1984. | | 1986 | 2875381 |
| [glutamine synthetase content and immunochemical analysis of different strains of bordetella pertussis]. | in this investigation 3 groups of strains isolated from pertussis patients have been studied: typical (group 1), atypical in their cultural properties (group 2), unidentified gram-negative bacilli agglutinated by pertussis and parapertussis antitoxins (group 3). besides, b. pertussis cultures, obtained by subculturing 2 museum strains and 2 newly isolated strains on synthetic casein-charcoal agar with subinhibiting doses of antibiotics or specific immune sera added, have been studied. as indicat ... | 1986 | 2875579 |
| [antipertussis immunity studied by immunoenzyme analysis]. | the levels of antibodies to disintegrated bordetella pertussis and its individual fractions (protein and polysaccharide) in children immunized with different batches of adsorbed dpt vaccine have been determined with the use of eia techniques. the background level of antibodies in the control groups has been determined, and in immunized children the levels of antibodies to disintegrated b. pertussis and its protein fraction have been shown to considerably exceed the levels of antibodies to lipopo ... | 1986 | 2875581 |
| [fast diagnosis of whooping cough in the infant. contribution of the immunofluorescence technic]. | clinical and biochemical data of 22 children admitted from may 1982 to may 1983 were reviewed to study their values for early diagnosis of pertussis. direct immunofluorescence for bordetella pertussis was positive in 9 of the 12 confirmed cases and seems to be a reliable test. | 1986 | 2875698 |
| on the approaches to a correct assessment of intracellular inclusions in bordetella pertussis by means of electron microscopy. | | 1985 | 2875704 |
| vascular beta-adrenoceptor blocking activity of endotoxin and pertussis toxin from bordetella pertussis in rats. | isolated and purified leucocytosis promoting factor (lpf), alternatively described as pertussis toxin, reduced the hypotension after beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulation with salbutamol as well as the negative chronotropic activity induced by the muscarinic receptor stimulant arecoline 4 days after its injection into rats. these inhibitory effects of lpf were accompanied by a reduction in basal blood pressure. no effect on autonomic responsiveness or blood pressure was observed 5 h after injection of ... | 1986 | 2875890 |
| heat-modifiable envelope proteins of bordetella pertussis. | several envelope proteins of bordetella pertussis demonstrated differences in electrophoretic mobility, depending upon solubilization temperature before sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. these proteins were exposed on the cell surface as judged by their accessibility to radiolabeling with 125i. monoclonal antibodies to two of the heat-modifiable proteins (mrs of 18,000 and 91,000) reacted with intact cells in immunofluorescence microscopy experiments, also indicating sur ... | 1986 | 2875949 |
| an antigen-conserving elisa for detecting human antibodies to bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin. | | 1986 | 2876000 |
| simultaneous infection with bordetella pertussis and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children. | we compared three groups of hospitalized children with bordetella pertussis infection, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and dual b. pertussis/rsv infections in an effort to establish clinical and laboratory criteria by which to distinguish children with dual infections from children infected with either organism alone. the groups were compared for admission laboratory data, history of present illness, perinatal history and immunization history. children with pertussis were more likely ... | 1986 | 2876415 |
| [cloning of the genes of hemolytic factors of bordetella pertussis in escherichia coli]. | the gene library of b. pertussis strain no. 475 (serovar 1. 2. 3.) was obtained on plasmid puc19 in e. coli strain jm107. the average size of the cloned fragments of chromosomal dna was 4.9 kb. out of 1,700 tested recombinant clones, six caused visible hemolysis on petri dishes with agar containing 4% of sheep red blood cells after 16-hour incubation at 37 degrees c. only two out of four isolated plasmids were similar in pst i restriction. consequently, the existence of several different genes r ... | 1986 | 2876565 |
| surface proteins of bordetella pertussis: comparison of virulent and avirulent strains and effects of phenotypic modulation. | the surface proteins of several bordetella strains and their modulated derivatives were examined by surface radioiodination, cell fractionation, and western blotting. a surface protein with a high mr, missing in a mutant lacking the filamentous hemagglutinin, was identified in virulent bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis cells and was absent in avirulent b. pertussis strains. the electrophoretic profiles of lipopolysaccharide and the 40,000-mr anion-selective porin were not determi ... | 1986 | 2876957 |
| inability of pyrogenic, purified bordetella pertussis lipid a to induce interleukin-1 release by human monocytes. | free lipid a of bordetella pertussis, neisseria meningitidis, and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) was prepared by hydrolysis in acetate buffer (ph 4.5); in addition, lipid a from b. pertussis and e. coli was prepared by hydrolysis in mineral acid (hcl). the precipitates obtained were purified by extraction methods in toluene-methanol and are referred to as crude lipid a. purified lipid a from n. meningitidis and b. pertussis was obtained by extraction in a mixture of chloroform-methano ... | 1986 | 2876960 |
| delayed type hypersensitivity induced by lpf from bordetella pertussis. | lymphocytosis promoting factor (lpf) obtained from bordetella pertussis, has the capacity to induce peripheral lymphocytosis in mice and blastogenesis of human lymphocytes in vitro. when this factor is injected intracutaneously in animals and in humans, it was shown to induce local inflammatory reactions with histological, morphological and chronological characteristics of delayed hypersensitivity. lpf and conventional microbial antigens were tested intracutaneously in 35 patients with carcinoma ... | 1986 | 2877558 |
| virulence factors of bordetella pertussis. | | 1986 | 2877614 |
| chlamydial respiratory infection in childhood and spurious immunoglobulin m. | the role of chlamydia trachomatis was investigated in lower respiratory tract infections in 254 children. the organism was not isolated in any child but bordetella pertussis was isolated from 65. two of the latter and one of the remaining 189 children with negative isolation, however, had immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis (titers of 1:64, 1:64 and 1:128). exhaustive absorption of the sera with bordetella antigen left the chlamydial titers unchanged, thus excluding the po ... | 1986 | 2877878 |
| piracy of adhesins: attachment of superinfecting pathogens to respiratory cilia by secreted adhesins of bordetella pertussis. | two proteins secreted by bordetella pertussis are known to mediate adherence of these bacteria to mammalian respiratory cilia. when either ciliated cells or other pathogenic bacteria were pretreated with these adhesins, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus acquired the ability to adhere to cilia in vitro and in vivo. such piracy of adhesins may contribute to superinfection in mucosal diseases such as whooping cough. | 1986 | 2877952 |
| gentamicin nucleotidyltransferase. stereochemical inversion at phosphorus in enzymatic 2'-deoxyadenylyl transfer to tobramycin. | gentamicin nucleotidyltransferase-catalyzed reaction of (sp)-[alpha-17o]datp with tobramycin produced 2"-(2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-[17o]phosphoryl)tobramycin. the configuration at phosphorus in this product was shown to be rp by chemical degradation to chiral [17o, 18o]damp using a stereochemically defined procedure, and determination of the configuration at phosphorus in this product. periodate-base treatment of 2"-(2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-[17o]phosphoryl)tobramycin followed by nabh4 reduction produce ... | 1986 | 2877983 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase. purification, characterization, and radioimmunoassay. | the extracellular adenylate cyclase of bordetella pertussis was purified either as a free enzyme or as a complex with calmodulin. the purified enzyme has a specific activity of 1600 mumol of camp min-1 x mg-1 and exists under two molecular forms of 45 and 43 kda which are apparently structurally related. calmodulin increased considerably the resistance of adenylate cyclase to inactivation by trypsin. although trypsin cleaved the adenylate cyclase-calmodulin complex, the digested fragments remain ... | 1986 | 2877986 |
| [electron microscopic study of the interaction of cultures of bordetella pertussis altered by antibiotic action with a human amniotic cell culture]. | the adhesive properties of b. pertussis subjected to long-term subcultivation on nutrient media with antibiotics were studied with electron microscopy and it was shown that under the action of erythromycin the adhesive capacity of b. pertussis markedly decreased. subcultivation on media with tetracycline did not lower the adhesive activity of b. pertussis. changes in the adhesive properties of b. pertussis under the action of the antibiotics correlated with changes in toxicity, serovars and ultr ... | 1986 | 2878640 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase: isolation and purification by calmodulin-sepharose 4b chromatography. | purified preparations of adenylate cyclase were obtained from crude urea extracts of bordetella pertussis by a one-step calmodulin affinity chromatography technique. diluted extract was loaded onto the column and washed, and adenylate cyclase was eluted with 10mm egta [ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid]. a 104-fold purification was accomplished in one step. by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the affinity-purified adenylate cyclase wa ... | 1987 | 2878883 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase: effects of affinity-purified adenylate cyclase on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions. | affinity-purified adenylate cyclase (ac) of bordetella pertussis, free of contaminating pertussis toxin, was demonstrated to have biological effects on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn). ac at doses of 25 and 50 micrograms/ml increased intracellular camp levels in the phagocytes 7.6- to 23.5-fold, respectively, above basal levels. ac inhibited pmn chemiluminescence, chemotaxis, and superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner. the 50% inhibitory dose for chemotaxis and chemiluminescen ... | 1987 | 2878884 |
| cloning of the filamentous hemagglutinin of bordetella pertussis and its expression in escherichia coli. | bordetella pertussis ut25 dna was cloned into the kanamycin resistance gene of cosmid pcp13 to construct a genomic library in escherichia coli le392. one clone containing plasmid pdb441 expressed the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) as identified by protein immunoblots with the use of rabbit anti-b. pertussis antiserum, rabbit anti-fha antiserum, and a monoclonal antibody to fha. fha is a protein of 220 to 210 kilodaltons, but the immunoreactive fha, as expressed in e. coli, was larger than that ... | 1987 | 2878885 |
| the effect of anti-inflammatory and rheumatoid disease modifying drugs on prolonged immune and non-immune inflammation in the six-day air pouch of rats. | the six-day air pouch model of synovitis in rats was used to study the effects of non-steroidal and anti-rheumatic drugs on cell accumulation and exudate formation. inflammation was induced in the six-day air pouch either with the non-immune irritant carrageenan or the immune irritant bordetella pertussis. indomethacin reduced cell accumulation and exudate formation in both models. in contrast levamisole and d-penicillamine were unable to reduce either parameter, d-penicillamine actually produci ... | 1986 | 2878902 |
| [immune response to various antigenic preparations of bordetella pertussis in whooping cough patients and convalescents studied by immunoenzyme analysis]. | the content of antibodies to b. pertussis disintegrated cells, protein fraction and lipopolysaccharide in the blood of patients and convalescents has been studied. the study has revealed that in the blood sera of whooping cough patients the titers of antibodies to lipopolysaccharide considerably exceed the titers of antibodies to other antigenic fractions. the titers of igm to lipopolysaccharide have been shown to exceed the titers of igm to other fractions 1.5-2 times. | 1986 | 2879403 |
| activation of bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase by the carboxyl-terminal tryptic fragment of calmodulin. | highly purified tryptic fragments of calmodulin were tested for their ability to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity of bordetella pertussis spheroplast membranes and were compared to their activities on brain ca2+/calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. the c-terminal fragment, consisting of residues 78-148, was a full agonist for the cyclase with 0.1-0.15 the potency of calmodulin but did not stimulate phosphodiesterase. fragments 1-77, 1-90, and 107-148 stimulated adenylate ... | 1986 | 2879560 |
| comparison of specimen transport systems for bordetella pertussis. | | 1986 | 2879732 |
| effect of human immunoglobulin preparations on experimental bordetella pertussis infection in mice. | the effects of four kinds of human immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous use [ph-4-treated (ig-100), polyethyleneglycol-treated (peg-g), sulfonated (s-g) and pepsin-treated (pep-g)] on intracerebral (i.c.) bordetella pertussis infection in mice, and on b. pertussis vaccine-induced leukocytosis-promoting factor (lpf) and histamine-sensitizing factor (hsf) were compared with those of human immunoglobulin preparation for intramuscular use (ggn). a prophylactic potential against i.c. b. pertus ... | 1986 | 2880424 |
| hydrophobic adherence and phase variation in bordetella pertussis. | the hydrophobicity of bordetella pertussis was assayed by measuring the ability of cells in suspension to adhere to a polystyrene surface. the quantity of adhered bacteria was measured by the binding of enzyme-conjugated anti b. pertussis antibodies. hydrophobic adherence of non-pathogenic variant strains was about 20% of that exhibited by pathogenic strains. hydrophobicity was a stable trait as it did not change with passaging or storage. assays of a series of characterized stable variants sugg ... | 1987 | 2881193 |
| disturbance of mice tracheal beta-adrenoceptor and cholinergic receptor function by bordetella pertussis and its cell wall components. | | 1986 | 2881459 |
| muscarinic-agonist and guanine nucleotide activation of polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase in isolated islet-cell membranes. | stimulated hydrolysis of the inositol phospholipids phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (ptdins4p) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [ptdins(4,5)p2] was investigated by studying the phosphoinositides produced in a suspended preparation of plasma membranes by transference of 32p from [gamma-32p]atp. at basal ca2+ concentration (calculated free ca2+, 150 nm) phospholipid hydrolysis was stimulated either by the muscarinic agonists carbamoylcholine and bethanecol or by the addition of the non-h ... | 1986 | 2881539 |
| control of aldosterone production by angiotensin ii is mediated by two guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins. | the involvement of guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins in the steroidogenic response of the adrenal glomerulosa to angiotensin ii (aii) was investigated by analyzing the effects of bordetella pertussis toxin (pt) on several aspects of aii action. these included receptor binding, stimulation of aldosterone production and gtpase activity, inhibition of camp production, and attenuation of the aldosterone response at high angiotensin concentrations. pretreatment of glomerulosa cells with pt aboli ... | 1987 | 2881777 |
| purification and characterization of serotype 6 fimbriae from bordetella pertussis and comparison of their properties with serotype 2 fimbriae. | fimbriae were removed from bordetella pertussis (serotype 1.3.6) by mechanical shearing and purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, ph-dependent precipitation at ph 7.4, followed by two successive extractions of the precipitated fimbriae with 4 m urea. by electron microscopy, the precipitated fimbriae appeared as aggregated bundles of long, relatively straight filaments which were disaggregated to individual flexuous filaments at ph 10.5. these purified fimbriae were identified as serot ... | 1987 | 2881893 |
| removal of lipopolysaccharide from acellular bordetella pertussis vaccine by detergent treatment. | protective antigen was extracted from bordetella pertussis cells with 1.0 m nacl and precipitated with ammonium sulfate, 20-40% saturation (designated fraction 15a-1b). the protective antigen was purified further by detergent (emulphogene bc720) treatment and adsorption to aluminum hydroxide gel (designated fraction 15a-108a). compared with b. pertussis vaccine and fraction 15a-1b, fraction 15a-108a retained protective activity as assessed by the mouse protection test, but had reduced protein an ... | 1986 | 2881930 |
| the detoxification of bordetella pertussis with glutaraldehyde. | to improve the whole-cell pertussis vaccine we have studied the inactivation of the biological properties characteristic of bordetella pertussis phase i bacteria, i.e. histamine-sensitizing, lymphocytosis-promoting and mouse protective activities, by treating a concentrated bacterial suspension with various concentrations of glutaraldehyde. under the experimental conditions, treatment with 10 mm glutaraldehyde at 37 degrees c for 30 min resulted in a marked reduction of the toxic activities with ... | 1987 | 2881932 |
| time-course of ige binding to rat peritoneal cells after sensitization with alum-adsorbed ovalbumin and bordetella pertussis. | high ige responder rats were sensitized intraperitoneally with alum-adsorbed ovalbumin and bordetella pertussis organisms. at day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 following sensitization the peritoneal cells were harvested and further processed for light and immunoelectron microscopical investigations using a specific anti-rat ige immunogold sandwich method. the results obtained show that the number of peritoneal mast cells increase significantly during the course of sensitization. there is a time-dependent ... | 1987 | 2883128 |