| rmlc, a c3' and c5' carbohydrate epimerase, appears to operate via an intermediate with an unusual twist boat conformation. | the striking feature of carbohydrates is their constitutional, conformational and configurational diversity. biology has harnessed this diversity and manipulates carbohydrate residues in a variety of ways, one of which is epimerization. rmlc catalyzes the epimerization of the c3' and c5' positions of dtdp-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose, forming dtdp-6-deoxy-l-lyxo-4-hexulose. rmlc is the third enzyme of the rhamnose pathway, and represents a validated anti-bacterial drug target. although several stru ... | 2007 | 17046787 |
| infection frequency of epstein-barr virus in subgingival samples from patients with different periodontal status and its correlation with clinical parameters. | to detect the infection frequencies of different genotypes of epstein-barr virus (ebv) in subgingival samples from chronic periodontitis (cp) patients, and to discuss the correlation between infection with ebv and clinical parameters. | 2006 | 17048301 |
| [pathogenic potential of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia, the red bacterial complex associated with periodontitis]. | periodontitis are mixed bacterial infections leading to destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. among over 500 bacterial species living in the oral cavity, a bacterial complex named "red complex" and made of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia has been strongly related to advanced periodontal lesions. while periodontopathogenic bacteria are the primary etiologic factor of periodontitis, tissue destruction essen ... | 2007 | 17049750 |
| carpegen real-time polymerase chain reaction vs. anaerobic culture for periodontal pathogen identification. | the aim of this study was to compare two methods of microbiological diagnosis, anaerobic bacterial culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr), for the detection of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia, fusobacterium nucleatum, and treponema denticola. | 2006 | 17064390 |
| molecular analysis of the subgingival microbiota in health and disease. | this investigation provides molecular analyses of the periodontal microbiota in health and disease. subgingival samples from 47 volunteers with healthy gingivae or clinically diagnosed chronic periodontitis were characterized by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) with primers specific for the v2-v3 region of the eubacterial 16s rrna gene. a hierarchical dendrogram was constructed from band patterns. all unique pcr amplicons (dgge bands) were sequenced for identity. samples were a ... | 2007 | 17085691 |
| molecular analysis of the subgingival microbiota in health and disease. | this investigation provides molecular analyses of the periodontal microbiota in health and disease. subgingival samples from 47 volunteers with healthy gingivae or clinically diagnosed chronic periodontitis were characterized by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) with primers specific for the v2-v3 region of the eubacterial 16s rrna gene. a hierarchical dendrogram was constructed from band patterns. all unique pcr amplicons (dgge bands) were sequenced for identity. samples were a ... | 2007 | 17085691 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| identification of the gene encoding the fhbb protein of treponema denticola, a highly unique factor h-like protein 1 binding protein. | the gene encoding the treponema denticola factor h-like protein 1 (fhl-1) binding protein, fhbb, was recovered and characterized. sequence conservation, expression, and properties of fhbb were analyzed. the identification of fhbb represents an important step in understanding the contribution of fhl-1 binding in t. denticola pathogenesis and in development of periodontal disease. | 2007 | 17101650 |
| dimerization and folding processes of treponema denticola cystalysin: the role of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. | cystalysin, the key virulence factor in the bacterium treponema denticola responsible for periodontitis, is a homodimeric pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp)-c-s lyase. the dimerization process and the urea-induced unfolding equilibrium of holocystalysin were compared with those of the apo form. the presence of plp decreases approximately 4 times the monomer-dimer equilibrium dissociation constant. by using a variety of spectroscopic and analytical procedures, we demonstrated a difference in their unfo ... | 2006 | 17115709 |
| characterization of the thermotoga maritima chemotaxis methylation system that lacks pentapeptide-dependent methyltransferase cher:mcp tethering. | sensory adaptation in bacterial chemotaxis is mediated by covalent modifications of specific glutamate and glutamine residues within the cytoplasmic domains of methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps). in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, efficient methylation of mcps depends on the localization of methyltransferase cher to mcp clusters through an interaction between the cher beta-subdomain and a pentapeptide sequence (nwetf or nwesf) at the c-terminus of the mcp. in vitro methylation ... | 2007 | 17163981 |
| characterization of the thermotoga maritima chemotaxis methylation system that lacks pentapeptide-dependent methyltransferase cher:mcp tethering. | sensory adaptation in bacterial chemotaxis is mediated by covalent modifications of specific glutamate and glutamine residues within the cytoplasmic domains of methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps). in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, efficient methylation of mcps depends on the localization of methyltransferase cher to mcp clusters through an interaction between the cher beta-subdomain and a pentapeptide sequence (nwetf or nwesf) at the c-terminus of the mcp. in vitro methylation ... | 2007 | 17163981 |
| antibodies to periodontal organisms are associated with decreased kidney function. the dental atherosclerosis risk in communities study. | increasing evidence suggests that clinical signs of periodontal disease are independently associated with renal impairment. however, no studies have examined the possible linkage of kidney disease with serum antibody to oral pathogens. | 2007 | 17170550 |
| identification of specific chemoattractants and genetic complementation of a borrelia burgdorferi chemotaxis mutant: flow cytometry-based capillary tube chemotaxis assay. | measuring the chemotactic response of borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterial species that causes lyme disease, is relatively more difficult than measuring that of other bacteria. because these spirochetes have long generation times, enumerating cells that swim up a capillary tube containing an attractant by using colony counts is impractical. furthermore, direct counts with a petroff-hausser chamber is problematic, as this method has a low throughput and necessitates a high cell density; the latter ... | 2007 | 17172459 |
| identification of specific chemoattractants and genetic complementation of a borrelia burgdorferi chemotaxis mutant: flow cytometry-based capillary tube chemotaxis assay. | measuring the chemotactic response of borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterial species that causes lyme disease, is relatively more difficult than measuring that of other bacteria. because these spirochetes have long generation times, enumerating cells that swim up a capillary tube containing an attractant by using colony counts is impractical. furthermore, direct counts with a petroff-hausser chamber is problematic, as this method has a low throughput and necessitates a high cell density; the latter ... | 2007 | 17172459 |
| phylogenetic analysis of bacterial and archaeal species in symptomatic and asymptomatic endodontic infections. | phylogenetic analysis of bacterial and archaeal 16s rrna was used to examine polymicrobial communities within infected root canals of 20 symptomatic and 14 asymptomatic patients. nucleotide sequences from approximately 750 clones amplified from each patient group with universal bacterial primers were matched to the ribosomal database project ii database. phylotypes from 37 genera representing actinobacteria, bacteroidetes, firmicutes, fusobacteria and proteobacteria were identified. results were ... | 2007 | 17172525 |
| prevalence of selected bacterial named species and uncultivated phylotypes in endodontic abscesses from two geographic locations. | evidence is mounting that the prevalence of some putative endodontic pathogens can significantly vary according to the geographic location in which samples were taken. this study aimed to provide additional knowledge on this subject by comparing the frequencies of 10 selected candidate endodontic pathogens in samples of acute apical abscesses obtained from two distinct geographic locations; portland, or, and rio de janeiro, brazil. dna was extracted from aspirates and used as template in nested ... | 2006 | 17174667 |
| characterization of treponema denticola pyrf encoding orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase. | the treponema denticola atcc 35405 genome annotation contains most of the genes for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. to initiate characterization of pyrimidine synthesis in treponema, we focused on tde2110 (the putative pyrf, encoding orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxlyase). unlike the parent strain, an isogenic pyrf mutant was resistant to 5-fluoroorotic acid. in complex medium, growth of the pyrf mutant was independent of added uracil, indicating activity of a uracil uptake/salvage pathway. ... | 2007 | 17187656 |
| the essential nature of sphingolipids in plants as revealed by the functional identification and characterization of the arabidopsis lcb1 subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase. | serine palmitoyltransferase (spt) catalyzes the first step of sphingolipid biosynthesis. in yeast and mammalian cells, spt is a heterodimer that consists of lcb1 and lcb2 subunits, which together form the active site of this enzyme. we show that the predicted gene for arabidopsis thaliana lcb1 encodes a genuine subunit of spt that rescues the sphingolipid long-chain base auxotrophy of saccharomyces cerevisiae spt mutants when coexpressed with arabidopsis lcb2. in addition, homozygous t-dna inser ... | 2006 | 17194770 |
| two subgingival plaque-sampling strategies used with rna probes. | the purpose of this study was to compare the results of microbiological rna-probe analysis after subgingival plaque sampling applying two different strategies. | 2007 | 17199542 |
| rat model of polymicrobial infection, immunity, and alveolar bone resorption in periodontal disease. | one of the predominant polymicrobial infections of humans is expressed clinically as periodontal disease. porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia have been strongly implicated as members of a pathogenic consortium in the etiology of adult periodontitis. in this study we hypothesized that p. gingivalis, t. denticola, and t. forsythia are synergistic in terms of virulence potential and induce chronic periodontal inflammation that leads to alveolar bone resorption in ... | 2007 | 17210663 |
| fatty acids synthesized by oral treponemes in chemically defined media. | omiz-w68, a chemically defined medium that contains no long-chain fatty acids and yet supports in vitro proliferation of a wide range of fastidious oral anaerobes, is described. the type strains of treponema denticola, treponema lecithinolyticum, treponema maltophilum, treponema pectinovorum, treponema socranskii, and an as yet unpublished canine treponema species could be propagated indefinitely in this medium with sugar supplements for the saccharolytic species. analysis of the cellular fatty ... | 2007 | 17229060 |
| identification of the microorganisms responsible for periodontopathy by multiplex rt-pcr. | the aim of our research was to identify by bacterial genomic dna analysis the prevalence of five different species of periodontopathogenic bacteria present in the subgingival biofilm, specifically: actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa), porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), prevotella intermedia (pi), bacterioides forsytus (bf), treponema denticola (td). for the analysis we used the systematic multiplex-pcr-microdent kit with species-specific primers. we studied a group of 48 subjects, 18 males and ... | 2006 | 17263160 |
| association between infection of different strains of porphyromonas gingivalis and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque and clinical parameters in chronic periodontitis. | the aim of this study was to investigate subgingival infection frequencies of porphyromonas gingivalis and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains with genetic variation in chinese chronic periodontitis (cp) patients and to evaluate its correlation with clinical parameters. | 2007 | 17266188 |
| evaluation of the incidence of periodontitis-associated bacteria in the atherosclerotic plaque of coronary blood vessels. | unstable atherosclerotic plaque is a dangerous clinical condition, possibly leading to acute coronary deficiency resulting in cardiac infarction. questions about the role of inflammatory factors in the formation of pathological lesions in the endothelium of coronary vessels have often been raised. this condition may be caused by bacteria that are able to initiate clot formation in a blood vessel, destabilizing an atherosclerotic plaque that is already present. the sources of these pathogens are ... | 2007 | 17274722 |
| genome of the opportunistic pathogen streptococcus sanguinis. | the genome of streptococcus sanguinis is a circular dna molecule consisting of 2,388,435 bp and is 177 to 590 kb larger than the other 21 streptococcal genomes that have been sequenced. the g+c content of the s. sanguinis genome is 43.4%, which is considerably higher than the g+c contents of other streptococci. the genome encodes 2,274 predicted proteins, 61 trnas, and four rrna operons. a 70-kb region encoding pathways for vitamin b(12) biosynthesis and degradation of ethanolamine and propanedi ... | 2007 | 17277061 |
| intermolecular forces and enthalpies in the adhesion of streptococcus mutans and an antigen i/ii-deficient mutant to laminin films. | the antigen i/ii family of surface proteins is expressed by most oral streptococci, including streptococcus mutans, and mediates specific adhesion to, among other things, salivary films and extracellular matrix proteins. in this study we showed that antigen i/ii-deficient s. mutans isogenic mutant ib03987 was nearly unable to adhere to laminin films under flow conditions due to a lack of specific interactions (0.8 x 10(6) and 1.1 x 10(6) cells cm(-2) at ph 5.8 and 6.8, respectively) compared wit ... | 2007 | 17277062 |
| physiological osmotic induction of leptospira interrogans adhesion: liga and ligb bind extracellular matrix proteins and fibrinogen. | transmission of leptospirosis occurs through contact of mucous membranes and abraded skin with freshwater contaminated by pathogenic leptospira spp. exposure to physiological osmolarity induces leptospires to express high levels of the lig surface proteins containing imperfect immunoglobulin-like repeats that are shared or differ between liga and ligb. we report that osmotic induction of lig is accompanied by 1.6- to 2.5-fold increases in leptospiral adhesion to immobilized extracellular matrix ... | 2007 | 17296754 |
| novel tetracycline resistance determinant isolated from an environmental strain of serratia marcescens. | resistances to tetracycline and mercury were identified in an environmental strain of serratia marcescens isolated from a stream highly contaminated with heavy metals. as a step toward addressing the mechanisms of coselection of heavy metal and antibiotic resistances, the tetracycline resistance determinant was cloned in escherichia coli. within the cloned 13-kb segment, the tetracycline resistance locus was localized by deletion analysis and transposon mutagenesis. dna sequence analysis of an 8 ... | 2007 | 17308196 |
| microbiological outcomes of quadrant versus full-mouth root planing as monitored by real-time pcr. | to study the short-term microbiological changes following full-mouth compared with quadrant wise scaling and root planing (fmrp and qrp) as well as long-term effects. | 2007 | 17309590 |
| subgingival plaque microbiota in hiv positive patients. | to describe and compare the predominant bacterial and fungal species associated with gingivitis, periodontitis, and linear gingival erythema (lge), in hiv positive subjects with different immune status. | 2007 | 17309593 |
| a comparison of implant-supported, bar- or ball-retained mandibular overdentures: a retrospective clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic study of 10 edentulous patients attending a recall visit. | clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic comparisons of the peri-implant health in edentulous volunteers wearing long-standing implant-supported ball- or dolder bar-retained mandibular overdentures were performed. | 2007 | 17319360 |
| mechanisms of decreased susceptibility to beta-defensins by treponema denticola. | treponema denticola, a periodontal pathogen, is relatively resistant to human beta-defensins, which are small cationic antimicrobial peptides produced by a number of cells, including the gingival epithelium. using two independent methods, we previously demonstrated that t. denticola proteases are not responsible for decreased vulnerability to defensins. in this study, we confirmed that the major outer membrane protease, dentilisin, is not responsible for t. denticola insensitivity to defensins a ... | 2007 | 17325047 |
| subgingival chlorhexidine varnish administration as an adjunct to same-day full-mouth root planing. ii. microbiological observations. | recently, the clinical additive value of a highly concentrated chlorhexidine (chx) varnish, when applied subgingivally as an adjunct to scaling and root planing, was described. the objective of the present study was to investigate the microbiological impact of a treatment strategy for chronic periodontitis based on a combination of same-day full-mouth root planing and subgingival chx varnish administration. | 2007 | 17335366 |
| flow cytometric analysis of adherence of porphyromonas gingivalis to oral epithelial cells. | by using fluorescence microscopy, fluorescently labeled porphyromonas gingivalis w50 was shown to adhere to oral epithelial (kb) cells as discrete cells or small cell aggregates, whereas p. gingivalis atcc 33277 bound as large cell aggregates. flow cytometric analysis showed that for p. gingivalis w50 there was a logarithmic relationship between the bacterial cell ratio (bcr), that is the number of bacterial cells to kb cells, and the percentage of kb cells with w50 cells attached. this percenta ... | 2007 | 17339349 |
| activation of mapk in fibroblasts by treponema denticola major outer sheath protein. | the major outer sheath protein (msp) of treponema denticola induces ca(2+) entry and actin reorganization in cultured fibroblasts, but the pathways by which msp mediates these responses are not yet defined. we considered that msp may activate protein kinases as a stress response that precedes actin remodelling. phospho-kinase screens showed that msp induced phosphorylation of multiple kinases in pathways that respond to extracellular agonists and regulate actin assembly. 34 kinases were signific ... | 2007 | 17346673 |
| the detection of eight putative periodontal pathogens in adult and rapidly progressive periodontitis patients: an institutional study. | periodontal disease is a commonly prevalent problem faced alike by both the developed and third world countries but showing wide variations in prevalence and severity across different geographical areas. the purpose was to identify actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa), porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), prevotella intermedia (pi), ekinella corrodens (ec), campylobacter rectus (cr), bacteroides forsythus (bf), treponema denticola (td) and fusobacterium nucleatum (fn) in indian adult periodontiti ... | 2007 | 17347537 |
| a novel prokaryotic trans-2-enoyl-coa reductase from the spirochete treponema denticola. | an nadh-dependent trans-2-enoyl-coa reductase (ec1.1.1.36) from the gram negative spirochete treponema denticola was identified, expressed and biochemically characterized. the recombinant protein is a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 44 kda with a specific activity of 43+/-4.8 u/mg (micromol mg(-1)min(-1)) and k(m) value of 2.7 microm for crotonoyl-coa. this nadh-dependent trans-2-enoyl-coa reductase represents the first enzymatically characterized member of a prokaryotic protein family ... | 2007 | 17382934 |
| evidence of periopathogenic microorganisms in placentas of women with preeclampsia. | periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory infectious disease that may act as a focus of infection. preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder that often leads to maternal morbidity and mortality. acute atherosis, the placental lesion of preeclampsia, shares many histopathological features with atherosclerosis. recently, chronic infection was linked to the initiation of atherosclerosis. oral pathogens have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques, where they may play a role in ... | 2007 | 17397314 |
| prevalence of four putative periodontopathic bacteria in saliva of a group of brazilian children with mixed dentition: 1-year longitudinal study. | this study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of putative periodontal pathogens (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella nigrescens, treponema denticola) in saliva of children with mixed dentition at two different time points, correlating these findings with a clinical parameter of gingival health. | 2007 | 17397463 |
| intrinsic apoptotic pathways of gingival epithelial cells modulated by porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis can inhibit chemically induced apoptosis in primary cultures of gingival epithelial cells through blocking activation of the effector caspase-3. the anti-apoptotic phenotype of p. gingivalis is conserved across strains and does not depend on the presence of fimbriae, as fimbriae-deficient mutants and a naturally occurring non-fimbriated strain were able to impede apoptosis. to dissect the survival pathways modulated by p. gingivalis, protein and gene expression of a numb ... | 2007 | 17419719 |
| aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as indicator for aggressive periodontitis by two analysing strategies. | to compare the subgingival microbiota of aggressive and chronic periodontitis (chp) using single-site and pooled plaque samples. | 2007 | 17433043 |
| performance of captia selectsyph-g enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in syphilis testing of a high-risk population: analysis of discordant results. | using the captia select syph-g enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), we analyzed the sera of 1,771 patients from a high-risk population attending sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics. we focused on discrepancies between the results of the immunoglobulin g (igg) elisa and the treponema pallidum hemagglutination (tpha) test. we identified 57 patients (3.22%) with conflicting results in the igg elisa and tpha test. in order to resolve these discrepancies, these patients' health records w ... | 2007 | 17442795 |
| identification of intracellular oral species within human crevicular epithelial cells from subjects with chronic periodontitis by fluorescence in situ hybridization. | interactions between oral bacteria and gingival epithelial cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. this study used in situ hybridization with 16 rrna probes and confocal microscopy to detect the periodontal pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola within epithelial cells from periodontal pockets, gingival crevice, and buccal mucosa collected from subjects with chronic periodontitis (n ... | 2007 | 17451543 |
| periodontal pathogens in periodontal pockets and in carotid atheromatous plaques. | in the last years the relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases has been a subject of increasing research. the identification of periodontopathic bacteria in atheromas can contribute to our knowledge of such an association. the aim of our study was to assess the concomitant presence of 5 periodontal pathogens (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia) in periodontal pockets and in car ... | 2007 | 17452955 |
| periodontitis as a risk factor of coronary heart diseases? | unstable atherosclerotic plaque is a dangerous clinical state, possibly leading to acute coronary deficiency resulting in cardiac infarction. inflammatory factor's role in creating pathological lesions in the endothelium of coronary vessels is frequently raised. this state may be caused by bacteria able to initiate clot formation in blood vessel and destabilizing atherosclerotic plaque already present. source of these pathogens are chronic inflammatory processes occurring in organism, among them ... | 2006 | 17458056 |
| periopathogenic bacteria in persistent periapical lesions: an in vivo prospective study. | the aim of this in vivo prospective study was to detect the presence of periopathogenic bacteria in persistent periapical lesions and to compare the reliability of two different methods: anaerobic culture and the dna hybridization technique. | 2007 | 17470025 |
| comparison of curet and paper point sampling of subgingival bacteria as analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. | the outcome of microbiological diagnostics may depend on the sampling technique. it was the aim of the present study to compare two widely used sampling techniques for subgingival bacteria using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. | 2007 | 17470026 |
| herpesviral-bacterial synergy in the pathogenesis of human periodontitis. | periodontitis is an infectious disease, but the specific mechanisms by which tooth-supportive tissues are lost remain obscure. this article proposes an infectious disease model for periodontitis in which herpesviral-bacterial interactions assume a major etiopathogenic role. | 2007 | 17471038 |
| the microbiological profiles of saliva, supragingival and subgingival plaque and dental caries in adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. | the relationships between suspected bacteria in saliva, yeasts in oral rinse, and supragingival and subgingival plaque versus root surface and coronal caries in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a non-diabetic group were explored. | 2007 | 17488443 |
| bacterial colonization immediately after installation on oral titanium implants. | information on bacterial colonization immediately after dental implant insertion is limited. | 2007 | 17501978 |
| treponema denticola induces interleukin-8 and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 production in human umbilical vein epithelial cells. | treponema denticola, a major pathogen of periodontitis, has also been detected in the lesions of atherosclerosis. the aim of this study was to investigate induction of chemokine production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs) by t. denticola and determine whether those chemokines were degraded by a protease, dentilisin. t. denticola atcc35405 or dentilisin-deficient mutant k1 were added to huvecs and levels of interleukin-8 (il-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) in t ... | 2007 | 17533151 |
| microbiological findings after periodontal therapy using curettes, er:yag laser, sonic, and ultrasonic scalers. | to evaluate and compare the microbiological effects of hand instruments, er:yag-laser, sonic, and ultrasonic scalers in patients with chronic periodontitis. patient perception of each treatment was documented. | 2007 | 17555412 |
| an actin-stabilizing peptide conjugate deduced from the major outer sheath protein of the bacterium treponema denticola. | a synthetic peptide conjugated to bovine serum albumin, p34(bsa), based on a 10-mer in the deduced amino acid sequence of the major outer sheath protein of treponema denticola, was found to stabilize actin filaments of fibroblasts. pretreatment of cells with p34(bsa) inhibited the actin disruption induced by cytochalasin d and latrunculin b. p34(bsa) was taken up by the cells and localized among actin filaments. p34(bsa) bound actin from fibroblast lysates, and cell exposure to p34(bsa) led to t ... | 2007 | 17565753 |
| population-based study of salivary carriage of periodontal pathogens in adults. | large, general population-based data on carriage rates of periodontal pathogens hardly exist in the current literature. the objectives of the present study were to examine the salivary detection of aggregatibacter (formerly actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythensis, and treponema denticola in a representative sample of the adult population living in southern finland and to clarify which determinants are a ... | 2007 | 17567788 |
| interleukin- 1 gene polymorphisms as assessed in a 10-year study of patients with early-onset periodontitis. | our 10-year study of early-onset periodontitis (eop) patients includes repeated clinical observations, microbiological characteristics and analysis of genetic polymorphism of il-1a and il-1b genes. twenty patients (age 15-26 years) were divided according to the clinical status in the 4th year into a group with mean number of teeth with bleeding on probing (bp) 9.8 and mean number of teeth with periodontal pocket (pp) 2.23, and a group with mean number of teeth with bp 5.37 and no pp. significant ... | 2007 | 17575917 |
| molecular architecture and divalent cation activation of tvok, a prokaryotic potassium channel. | rck (regulator of conductance of potassium) domains form a family of ligand-binding domains found in many prokaryotic k+ channels and transport proteins. although many rck domains contain an apparent nucleotide binding motif, some are known instead to bind ca2+, which can then facilitate channel opening. here we report on the molecular architecture and ligand activation properties of an rck-containing potassium channel cloned from the prokaryote thermoplasma volcanium. this channel, called tvok, ... | 2007 | 17588939 |
| the chymotrypsin-like protease complex of treponema denticola atcc 35405 mediates fibrinogen adherence and degradation. | treponema denticola is an anaerobic spirochete strongly associated with human periodontal disease. t. denticola bacteria interact with a range of host tissue proteins, including fibronectin, laminin, and fibrinogen. the latter localizes in the extracellular matrix where tissue damage has occurred, and interactions with fibrinogen may play a key role in t. denticola colonization of the damaged sites. t. denticola atcc 35405 showed saturable binding of fluid-phase fibrinogen to the cell surface an ... | 2007 | 17591786 |
| lesion formation and antibody response induced by papillomatous digital dermatitis-associated spirochetes in a murine abscess model. | papillomatous digital dermatitis (pdd), also known as hairy heel wart, is a growing cause of lameness of cows in the u.s. dairy industry. farms with pdd-afflicted cows experience economic loss due to treatment costs, decreased milk production, lower reproductive efficiency, and premature culling. while the exact cause of pdd is unknown, lesion development is associated with the presence of anaerobic spirochetes. this study was undertaken to investigate the virulence and antigenic relatedness of ... | 2007 | 17591787 |
| gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase has a role in the persistent colonization of the avian gut by campylobacter jejuni. | the contribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (ggt) to campylobacter jejuni virulence and colonization of the avian gut has been investigated. the presence of the ggt gene in c. jejuni strains directly correlated with the expression of ggt activity as measured by cleavage and transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety. inactivation of the monocistronic ggt gene in c. jejuni strain 81116 resulted in isogenic mutants with undetectable ggt activity; nevertheless, these mutants grew normally in vitro ... | 2007 | 17600669 |
| detection of azithromycin resistance in treponema pallidum by real-time pcr. | we describe a real-time pcr assay for the discrimination of azithromycin-resistant and -susceptible strains of treponema pallidum. this assay is rapid and allows for as many as 30 clinical specimens to be analyzed simultaneously without the need for dna sequencing. | 2007 | 17620374 |
| identification of 22 candidate structured rnas in bacteria using the cmfinder comparative genomics pipeline. | we applied a computational pipeline based on comparative genomics to bacteria, and identified 22 novel candidate rna motifs. we predicted six to be riboswitches, which are mrna elements that regulate gene expression on binding a specific metabolite. in separate studies, we confirmed that two of these are novel riboswitches. three other riboswitch candidates are upstream of either a putative transporter gene in the order lactobacillales, citric acid cycle genes in burkholderiales or molybdenum co ... | 2007 | 17621584 |
| comparative genomic and protein sequence analyses of a complex system controlling bacterial chemotaxis. | molecular machinery governing bacterial chemotaxis consists of the chea-chey two-component system, an array of specialized chemoreceptors, and several auxiliary proteins. it has been studied extensively in escherichia coli and, to a significantly lesser extent, in several other microbial species. emerging evidence suggests that homologous signal transduction pathways regulate not only chemotaxis, but several other cellular functions in various bacterial species. the availability of genome sequen ... | 2007 | 17628132 |
| use of multiple-displacement amplification and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization to examine the microbiota of endodontic infections. | multiple-displacement amplification (mda) has been used to uniformly amplify bacterial genomes present in small samples, providing abundant targets for molecular analysis. the purpose of this investigation was to combine mda and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization to examine the microbiota of endodontic infections. sixty-six samples were collected from teeth with endodontic infections. nonamplified and amplified samples were analyzed by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization for levels and proportion ... | 2007 | 17634304 |
| relationship of periodontal infection to serum antibody levels to periodontopathic bacteria and inflammatory markers in periodontitis patients with coronary heart disease. | several reports have demonstrated a possible association of periodontal infections with coronary heart disease (chd) by elevated antibody titre to periodontopathic bacteria in chd patients compared with non-diseased controls. although each periodontopathic bacterium may vary in virulence for periodontitis and atherosclerosis, antibody response to multiple bacteria in chd patients has not been understood fully. therefore, serum levels of antibody to 12 periodontopathic bacteria together with othe ... | 2007 | 17645769 |
| minocycline hcl microspheres reduce red-complex bacteria in periodontal disease therapy. | the objective of this trial was to measure the antimicrobial effects of a minocycline hcl microsphere (mm) local drug-delivery system when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp). dna probe analysis for 40 bacteria was used to evaluate the oral bacteria of 127 subjects with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis. | 2007 | 17668977 |
| length of guanosine homopolymeric repeats modulates promoter activity of subfamily ii tpr genes of treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum. | in treponema pallidum, homopolymeric guanosine repeats of varying length are present upstream of both subfamily i (tprc, d, f and i) and ii (tpre, g and j) tpr genes, a group of potential virulence factors, immediately upstream of the +1 nucleotide. to investigate the influence of these poly-g sequences on promoter activity, tpre, g, j, f and i promoter regions containing homopolymeric tracts with different numbers of gs, the ribosomal binding site and start codon were cloned in frame with the g ... | 2007 | 17683506 |
| human wild-type alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase and its naturally occurring g82e variant: functional properties and physiological implications. | human hepatic peroxisomal agt (alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase) is a plp (pyridoxal 5'-phosphate)-dependent enzyme whose deficiency causes primary hyperoxaluria type i, a rare autosomal recessive disorder. to acquire experimental evidence for the physiological function of agt, the k(eq),(overall) of the reaction, the steady-state kinetic parameters of the forward and reverse reactions, and the pre-steady-state kinetics of the half-reactions of the plp form of agt with l-alanine or glycine an ... | 2007 | 17696873 |
| microbiologic analysis of periodontal pockets and carotid atheromatous plaques in advanced chronic periodontitis patients. | in recent years, many researchers have focused their attention on the ability of periodontal pathogens to colonize atheromatous plaques. nevertheless, a clear correlation between the detection rates of periodontopathic bacterial dna in atheromas and in subgingival plaque samples has not been established. the aim of our study was to assess the presence of five periodontal pathogens (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tan ... | 2007 | 17760541 |
| the impact of a low-frequency chlorhexidine rinsing schedule on the subgingival microbiota (the teeth clinical trial). | information on the efficacy of chlorhexidine (chx) rinsing on the subgingival microbiota is limited. this study tested if intermittent chx rinsing over 5 years had an impact on the subgingival microbiota. | 2007 | 17760545 |
| a comparison of sensitivities of the conventional and the real-time polymerase chain reaction methods for detection of treponema denticola in periapical abscesses. | | 2007 | 17768483 |
| steroid 5alpha-reductase activity of treponema denticola. | previously we have shown that reference and freshly isolated treponema denticola cultures possess 5alpha-reductase (5alpha-r) and 3beta- and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. a gene matching the 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase family protein (gene id: 2739284; locus tag: tde2697) has been identified in t. denticola atcc 35405. the aim of the work presented here was to optimize assay conditions and determine steroid substrate specificities for the 5alpha-r activity of t. denticol ... | 2007 | 17803630 |
| correlation between infections with different genotypes of human cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus in subgingival samples and periodontal status of patients. | accumulating evidence indicates that herpesviruses may be putative pathogens in various types of periodontal diseases. the present study was performed to examine infections with different genotypes of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) in subgingival samples from a chinese population and to analyze the correlation with periodontal status. a nested pcr assay was used to identify the presence of hcmv, ebv type 1 (ebv-1), and ebv-2; and the amplicons were further analyzed by ... | 2007 | 17804655 |
| detection of treponema denticola in saliva obtained from patients with various periodontal conditions. | the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of treponema denticola in saliva of periodontally diseased and healthy patients and its relationship with the periodontal status. a 16s rrna-based polymerase chain reaction detection method was used to determine the prevalence of t. denticola in whole saliva samples from patients with chronic periodontitis (cp, n = 37), aggressive periodontitis (agp, n = 24), and healthy subjects (n = 28). the periodontal status of each subject was assessed by ... | 2008 | 17823835 |
| physiological ecology of stenoxybacter acetivorans, an obligate microaerophile in termite guts. | stenoxybacter acetivorans is a newly described, obligately microaerophilic beta-proteobacterium that is abundant in the acetate-rich hindgut of reticulitermes. here we tested the hypotheses that cells are located in the hypoxic, peripheral region of reticulitermes flavipes hindguts and use acetate to fuel their o(2)-consuming respiratory activity in situ. physical fractionation of r. flavipes guts, followed by limited-cycle pcr with s. acetivorans-specific 16s rrna gene primers, indicated that c ... | 2007 | 17827335 |
| delineation of species-specific binding properties of the cspz protein (bbh06) of lyme disease spirochetes: evidence for new contributions to the pathogenesis of borrelia spp. | borrelia burgdorferi cspz (tigr open reading frame designation, bbh06) is part of a functionally related group of proteins that bind one or more members of the factor h (fh) protein family. in this report we assess the conservation, distribution, properties, and ligand binding abilities of cspz from the three main borrelia species associated with lyme disease infections in humans. cspz (also referred to as bbcrasp-2 in the literature) was found to be highly conserved at the intraspecies level bu ... | 2007 | 17846117 |
| the major outer sheath protein of treponema denticola selectively inhibits rac1 activation in murine neutrophils. | treponema denticola major outer sheath protein (msp) inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro, but key regulatory mechanisms have not been identified. because the rac small gtpases regulate directional migration in response to chemoattractants, the objective was to analyse the effects of msp on formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp)-mediated neutrophil polarization and rac activation in murine neutrophils. msp pretreatment of neutrophils inhibited both polarization and chemotactic migration ... | 2008 | 17868382 |
| structural and biochemical basis for polyamine binding to the tp0655 lipoprotein of treponema pallidum: putative role for tp0655 (tppotd) as a polyamine receptor. | tp0655 of treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, is predicted to be a 40 kda membrane lipoprotein. previous sequence analysis of tp0655 noted its homology to polyamine-binding proteins of the bacterial potd family, which serve as periplasmic ligand-binding proteins of atp-binding-cassette (abc) transport systems. here, the 1.8 a crystal structure of tp0655 demonstrated structural homology to escherichia coli potd and potf. the latter two proteins preferentially bind spermidine and ... | 2007 | 17868688 |
| salivary detection of periodontopathic bacteria in periodontally healthy children. | salivary occurrence of periodontopathic bacteria is of interest especially in children as a risk indicator for the transmission, development and control of periodontal disease. we assessed the prevalence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens and treponema denticola as microbial complexes in the saliva of children with mixed dentition and healthy gingiva. | 2008 | 17869137 |
| assessment of cell-surface exposure and vaccinogenic potentials of treponema pallidum candidate outer membrane proteins. | syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochetal bacterium treponema pallidum, remains a global public health problem. t. pallidum is believed to be an extracellular pathogen and, as such, the identification of t. pallidum outer membrane proteins that could serve as targets for opsonic or bactericidal antibodies has remained a high research priority for vaccine development. however, the identification of t. pallidum outer membrane proteins has remained highly elusive. recent ... | 2007 | 17890130 |
| benefits of additional courses of systemic azithromycin in periodontal disease case report. | the strong association of subgingival anaerobic bacteria, such as porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia, with destructive periodontal disease has been well documented in the literature. several double-blind studies have also shown the beneficial use of systemic antimicrobials that are active against these microorganisms in conjunction with conventional periodontal treatment, especially when periodontal abscesses and/or suppuration upon probing are present. four c ... | 2007 | 17891880 |
| genome differences between treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum strain nichols and t. paraluiscuniculi strain cuniculi a. | the genome of treponema paraluiscuniculi strain cuniculi a was compared to the genome of the syphilis spirochete treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum strain nichols using dna microarray hybridization, whole-genome fingerprinting, and dna sequencing. a dna microarray of t. pallidum subsp. pallidum nichols containing all 1,039 predicted open reading frame pcr products was used to identify deletions and major sequence changes in the cuniculi a genome. using these approaches, deletions, insertions, an ... | 2007 | 17893135 |
| identification of a signalling molecule involved in bacterial intergeneric communication. | the development of complex multispecies communities such as biofilms is controlled by interbacterial communication systems. we have previously reported an intergeneric communication between two oral bacteria, streptococcus cristatus and porphyromonas gingivalis, that results in inhibition of fima expression. here, we demonstrate that a surface protein, arginine deiminase (arca), of s. cristatus serves as a signal that initiates intergeneric communication. an arca-deficient mutant of s. cristatus ... | 2007 | 17906122 |
| implant surface analysis and microbiologic evaluation of failed implants retrieved from smokers. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiota and surface of failed titanium dental implants from 4 manufacturers. twelve mobile dental implants were retrieved from 10 smokers after 3 to 10 years of functional loading. before implant removal, microbial samples were taken and evaluated using polymerase chain reaction. after implant removal, analyses of the failed implant surfaces were performed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometer x-ray. periodontal pathoge ... | 2007 | 17912965 |
| effect of adjunctive systemic azithromycin with periodontal surgery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers: a pilot study. | along with conventional surgical therapy, systemic antibiotics may provide more effective treatment in smokers by targeting tissue-invasive bacteria. the aim of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked clinical trial was to evaluate the adjunctive effects of systemic azithromycin (azm) in combination with periodontal pocket reduction surgery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers. | 2007 | 17915999 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy and hmur: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization. | porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy is a putative heme-binding lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane. it is part of an operon together with a gene encoding an outer-membrane hemin utilization receptor (hmur) and four uncharacterized genes. a similar operon organization was found in bacteroides fragilis and b. thetaiotaomicron, with the former containing an additional hmuy homologue encoded upstream of the hmur-like gene. in p. gingivalis cultured under heme-limited conditions, a approximately ... | 2008 | 17922109 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy and hmur: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization. | porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy is a putative heme-binding lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane. it is part of an operon together with a gene encoding an outer-membrane hemin utilization receptor (hmur) and four uncharacterized genes. a similar operon organization was found in bacteroides fragilis and b. thetaiotaomicron, with the former containing an additional hmuy homologue encoded upstream of the hmur-like gene. in p. gingivalis cultured under heme-limited conditions, a approximately ... | 2008 | 17922109 |
| treponema denticola activates mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathways through toll-like receptor 2. | treponema denticola, a spirochete indigenous to the oral cavity, is associated with host inflammatory responses to anaerobic polymicrobial infections of the root canal, periodontium, and alveolar bone. however, the cellular mechanisms responsible for the recognition of t. denticola by the innate immune system and the underlying cell signaling pathways that regulate the inflammatory response to t. denticola are currently unresolved. in this study, we demonstrate that t. denticola induces innate i ... | 2007 | 17923521 |
| polymerase chain reaction of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia in primary endodontic infections. | the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between endodontic clinical signs and symptoms and the presence of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia or their association by nested polymerase chain reaction assay. microbial samples were taken from 50 cases with necrotic pulp tissues in primary infections. dna was extracted from the samples, which were analyzed for the presence of three endodontic pathogens by using species-specific primers. p gingiva ... | 2007 | 17931930 |
| structure of arabidopsis thaliana 5-methylthioribose kinase reveals a more occluded active site than its bacterial homolog. | metabolic variations exist between the methionine salvage pathway of humans and a number of plants and microbial pathogens. 5-methylthioribose (mtr) kinase is a key enzyme required for methionine salvage in plants and many bacteria. the absence of a mammalian homolog suggests that mtr kinase is a good target for the design of specific herbicides or antibiotics. | 2007 | 17961230 |
| periodontitis may increase the risk of peripheral arterial disease. | the aim of this case control study was to evaluate whether periodontitis was associated with peripheral arterial disease (pad). | 2008 | 17964192 |
| toll-like receptor 2-mediated interleukin-8 expression in gingival epithelial cells by the tannerella forsythia leucine-rich repeat protein bspa. | tannerella forsythia is a gram-negative anaerobe strongly associated with chronic human periodontitis. this bacterium expresses a cell surface-associated and secreted protein, designated bspa, which has been recognized as an important virulence factor. the bspa protein belongs to the leucine-rich repeat (lrr) and bacterial immunoglobulin-like protein families. bspa is, moreover, a multifunctional protein which interacts with a variety of host cells, including monocytes which appear to respond to ... | 2008 | 17967853 |
| toll-like receptor 2-mediated interleukin-8 expression in gingival epithelial cells by the tannerella forsythia leucine-rich repeat protein bspa. | tannerella forsythia is a gram-negative anaerobe strongly associated with chronic human periodontitis. this bacterium expresses a cell surface-associated and secreted protein, designated bspa, which has been recognized as an important virulence factor. the bspa protein belongs to the leucine-rich repeat (lrr) and bacterial immunoglobulin-like protein families. bspa is, moreover, a multifunctional protein which interacts with a variety of host cells, including monocytes which appear to respond to ... | 2008 | 17967853 |
| novel mechanism for conditional aerobic growth of the anaerobic bacterium treponema denticola. | treponema denticola, a periodontal pathogen, has recently been shown to exhibit properties of a facultative anaerobic spirochete, in contrast to its previous recognition as an obligate anaerobic bacterium. in this study, the capacity and possible mechanism of t. denticola survival and growth under aerobic conditions were investigated. factors detrimental to the growth of t. denticola atcc 33405, such as oxygen concentration and hydrogen sulfide (h(2)s) levels as well as the enzyme activities of ... | 2008 | 17981934 |
| identification of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, treponema denticola and porphyromonas gingivalis within human dental calculus: a pilot investigation. | dental calculus is considered to be simply a "plaque-retentive factor", and therefore only a secondary aetiological factor in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. recent studies have suggested a more active role for calculus. our objective was to demonstrate the presence of periodontal pathogens in the non-mineralised areas of supra- and subgingival dental calculus. | 2007 | 17987882 |
| multiple phospholipid n-methyltransferases with distinct substrate specificities are encoded in bradyrhizobium japonicum. | phosphatidylcholine (pc) is the major phospholipid in eukaryotic membranes. in contrast, it is found in only a few prokaryotes including members of the family rhizobiaceae. in these bacteria, pc is required for pathogenic and symbiotic plant-microbe interactions, as shown for agrobacterium tumefaciens and bradyrhizobium japonicum. at least two different phospholipid n-methyltransferases (pmta and pmtx) have been postulated to convert phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) to pc in b. japonicum by three c ... | 2008 | 17993534 |
| multiple phospholipid n-methyltransferases with distinct substrate specificities are encoded in bradyrhizobium japonicum. | phosphatidylcholine (pc) is the major phospholipid in eukaryotic membranes. in contrast, it is found in only a few prokaryotes including members of the family rhizobiaceae. in these bacteria, pc is required for pathogenic and symbiotic plant-microbe interactions, as shown for agrobacterium tumefaciens and bradyrhizobium japonicum. at least two different phospholipid n-methyltransferases (pmta and pmtx) have been postulated to convert phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) to pc in b. japonicum by three c ... | 2008 | 17993534 |
| identification of prophages in bacterial genomes by dinucleotide relative abundance difference. | prophages are integrated viral forms in bacterial genomes that have been found to contribute to interstrain genetic variability. many virulence-associated genes are reported to be prophage encoded. present computational methods to detect prophages are either by identifying possible essential proteins such as integrases or by an extension of this technique, which involves identifying a region containing proteins similar to those occurring in prophages. these methods suffer due to the problem of l ... | 2007 | 18030328 |
| the correlation between serum immunoglobulin a and immunoglobulin g levels and the presence of treponema denticola in human periapical lesions. | the aim of this study was to compare the serum immunoglobulin a (iga) and immunoglobulin g (igg) levels and the presence of treponema denticola in the root canals in a group of teeth with/without periapical lesion. a total of 66 children aged 8 to 13 years old were involved in this study. five milliliters of blood samples were taken to detect the serum iga and igg levels. sixty-six endodontic samplings were also obtained to determine the presence of t. denticola by polymerase chain reaction. the ... | 2007 | 18037048 |
| the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus evades the host complement system. | the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus causes severe systemic infections and is a major cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. a. fumigatus conidia activate the alternative pathway of the complement system. in order to assess the mechanisms by which a. fumigatus evades the activated complement system, we analyzed the binding of host complement regulators to a. fumigatus. the binding of factor h and factor h-like protein 1 (fhl-1) from human sera to a. ... | 2008 | 18039838 |