| the function of acyl-coa-binding protein (acbp)/diazepam binding inhibitor (dbi). | acyl-coa-binding protein has been isolated independently by five different groups based on its ability to (1) displace diazepam from the gabaa receptor, (2) affect cell growth, (3) induce medium-chain acyl-coa-ester synthesis, (4) stimulate steroid hormone synthesis, and (5) affect glucose-induced insulin secretion. in this survey evidence is presented to show that acbp is able to act as an intracellular acyl-coa transporter and acyl-coa pool former. the rat acbp genomic gene consists of 4 exons ... | 1993 | 8232254 |
| negative growth selection against rodent fibroblasts targeted for genetic inhibition of farnesyl transferase. | the ras oncoprotein must be modified by farnesyl transferase (ftase) for biological activity. therefore, inhibition of ftase may offer a means to block ras induced cell transformation. to address this hypothesis, we have introduced antisense and dominant inhibitory ftase expression plasmids into a panel of normal, mutant ras-, and mos- transformed rodent fibroblasts in an effort to genetically suppress ftase activity. antisense ftase constructs reduced colony formation efficiency approximately 2 ... | 1993 | 8241019 |
| targeting of bcl-2 to the mitochondrial outer membrane by a cooh-terminal signal anchor sequence. | the protooncogene product bcl-2 is an integral membrane protein that functions as a suppressor of programmed cell death. it contains a single predicted transmembrane segment located at its cooh terminus. here, we show that the transmembrane domain of human bcl-2 functions as a mitochondrial signal anchor sequence that targets and inserts the protein into the outer membrane in an ncyto-c(in) orientation, leaving the bulk of the polypeptide facing the cytosol. deletion of the cooh-terminal 22 amin ... | 1993 | 8244956 |
| comparison of kinetic properties between two mammalian ras p21 gdp/gtp exchange proteins, ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor and smg gdp dissociation stimulation. | the mammalian counterpart of the yeast ras p21 gdp/gtp exchange protein cdc25, ras grf, was expressed in escherichia coli and purified, and its kinetic properties were compared with those of another mammalian ras p21 gdp/gtp exchange protein, smg gds. ras grf was active on ki- and ha-ras p21s but inactive on rap1a p21, rhoa p21, rac1 p21, and rab3a p25, whereas smg gds was active on ki-ras p21, rap1a p21, rhoa p21, and rac1 p21 but inactive on ha-ras p21 and rab3a p25. the kcat values of ras grf ... | 1993 | 8244990 |
| regulated and constitutive activity by cdc25mm (grf), a ras-specific exchange factor. | serum stimulates cells to increase their proportion of ras protein in the active gtp-bound state. we have recently identified four types (i to iv) of apparently full-length cdnas from a single mammalian gene, called cdc25mm or grf, which is homologous to the ras-specific exchange factor cdc25 of s. cerevisiae. the largest cdna (type iv) is brain specific, with the other three classes, although they have distinct 5' ends, essentially representing progressive n-terminal deletions of this cdna. whe ... | 1993 | 8246988 |
| evolution of allosteric control in glycogen phosphorylase. | in relation to the primary sequence and three-dimensional structure of rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase, we have carried out a comparative sequence analysis of phosphorylases from human, rat, dictyostelium, yeast, potato and escherichia coli. based on sequence similarity, a large region of the protein is shared by these enzymes extending from alpha-helix-1 to the last alpha-helix-33. conserved residues are equally distributed between the n and c-terminal domains and occur primarily in buried ... | 1993 | 8254668 |
| specific interactions between proteins implicated in splice site selection and regulated alternative splicing. | specific recognition and pairing of the 5' and 3' splice sites are critical steps in pre-mrna splicing. we report that the splicing factors sc35 and sf2/asf specifically interact with both the integral u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snrnp u1-70k) and with the 35 kd subunit of the splicing factor u2af (u2af35). previous studies indicated that the u1 snrnp binds specifically to the 5' splice site, while u2af35-u2af65 heterodimer binds to the 3' splice site. together, these observations sugges ... | 1993 | 8261509 |
| mutations of a muts homolog in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. | recent studies have shown that a locus responsible for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (hnpcc) is on chromosome 2p and that tumors developing in these patients contain alterations in microsatellite sequences (rer+ phenotype). we have used chromosome microdissection to obtain highly polymorphic markers from chromosome 2p16. these and other markers were ordered in a panel of somatic cell hybrids and used to define a 0.8 mb interval containing the hnpcc locus. candidate genes were then ma ... | 1993 | 8261515 |
| molecular cloning of a p-type atpase gene from the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp. pcc 6803. homology to eukaryotic ca(2+)-atpases. | with oligonucleotide primers derived from p-type atpase genes of different sources, a part of synechocystis sp. pcc 6803 genomic dna was amplified and used as hybridization probe for the synechocystis gene. a 4.7 kb hindiii fragment was cloned and sequenced; it contains the open reading frame of the e1e2-atpase. the synechocystis atpase (named pma1) consists of 915 amino acids with a m(r) of 98,902; it has ten putative transmembrane domains and contains the conserved regions a to j common to all ... | 1993 | 8263933 |
| the gene for the tata box-binding protein of onchocerca volvulus. | | 1993 | 8264735 |
| dna-binding properties and secondary structural model of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head domain. | an 84-amino acid segment of qrf-1 [glutamine (q)-rich factor 1], a newly cloned, b-cell-derived dna-binding protein, shows significant sequence homology with the dna-binding domains of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/fork head family of proteins. here we demonstrate that this 84-amino acid domain is necessary and sufficient for dna binding. we also propose a secondary structural model for the domain. at the n-terminal portion of the model, a basic hook structure is followed by two amphipathic he ... | 1993 | 8265594 |
| saccharomyces boulardii inhibits secretagogue-mediated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate induction in intestinal cells. | the yeast saccharomyces boulardii inhibits the secretion induced by cholera toxin (ct) in rat jejunum. the present study was aimed at unraveling the mechanism by which s. boulardii protects intestinal cells against ct. | 1994 | 8276210 |
| unique sequence repeats in the alpha-subunit of protein farnesyltransferases. | | 1993 | 8291087 |
| pmp47, a peroxisomal homologue of mitochondrial solute carrier proteins. | | 1993 | 8291088 |
| molecular organization of the escherichia coli gab cluster: nucleotide sequence of the structural genes gabd and gabp and expression of the gaba permease gene. | we have determined the nucleotide sequences of two structural genes of the escherichia coli gab cluster, which encodes the enzymes of the 4-aminobutyrate degradation pathway: gabd, coding for succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ssdh, ec 1.2.1.16) and gabp, coding for the 4-aminobutyrate (gaba) transport carrier (gaba permease). we have previously reported the nucleotide sequence of the third structural gene of the cluster, gabt, coding for glutamate: succinic semialdehyde transaminase (ec 2.6.1 ... | 1993 | 8297211 |
| opsonization and phagocytosis of cryptococcus neoformans. | cryptococcus neoformans is unique among the pathogenic fungi because the yeast is surrounded by an antiphagocytic polysaccharide capsule. host resistance to cryptococcosis is dependent on natural defense mechanisms that cope with this essential fungal virulence factor. recent studies in several laboratories indicate that, under appropriate circumstances, the antiphagocytic activity of the capsule can be overcome. a reversal of the antiphagocytic properties of the capsule requires (i) activation ... | 1993 | 8298269 |
| architecture of the nuclear pore complex and its involvement in nucleocytoplasmic transport. | recent structural analyses of the nuclear pore complex (npc) have described in some detail the numerous sub-domains which make up this supramolecular assembly. three dimensional image analysis of detergent-extracted npcs reveals that the npc framework is made up of spoke units, each containing four major domains, arranged with 822 symmetry. as shown by freeze-drying/metal shadowing techniques, attached to this framework are several peripheral components including particles and fibers on the cyto ... | 1994 | 8311839 |
| the acquisition of lysophosphatidylcholine by african trypanosomes. | bloodstream forms of the african trypanosome, trypanosoma brucei, can acquire substantial amounts of exogenous lysophospholipid. lysophosphatidylcholine uptake is through a pathway consisting of three enzymes, phospholipase a1, acyl-coa ligase, and lysophosphatidylcholine:acyl-coa acyltransferase. the pathway enables the organism to acquire fatty acids and phospholipid head groups such as choline. radiolabeling and 13c nmr studies show that two molecules of lysophosphatidylcholine are used to ge ... | 1993 | 8314756 |
| pre-golgi degradation of yeast prepro-alpha-factor expressed in a mammalian cell. influence of cell type-specific oligosaccharide processing on intracellular fate. | we demonstrate that expression of yeast prepro-alpha-factor in gh3 rat pituitary cells results in its degradation in an endoplasmic reticulum (er) or early golgi compartment, suggesting that this wild-type prohormone is recognized as abnormal or misfolded in the context of a mammalian er. in gh3 cells, as in yeast, the nascent polypeptide is efficiently targeted to the er, where it undergoes cleavage of its amino-terminal signal peptide and core glycosylation to form glycosylated pro-alpha-facto ... | 1993 | 8314793 |
| enzymic characterization of murine and human prohormone convertase-1 (mpc1 and hpc1) expressed in mammalian gh4c1 cells. | prohormone convertase-1 (pc1), an endopeptidase that is structurally related to the yeast subtilisin-like kex2 gene product, has been proposed to be involved in mammalian tissue-specific prohormone processing at pairs of basic residues. to better study this enzyme, a rat somatomammotroph cell line, gh4c1, was infected with vaccinia virus recombinants of murine pc1 (mpc1) and human pc1 (hpc1). an enzymically active form of each protein was secreted into the cell medium and partially purified by a ... | 1993 | 8318017 |
| a cell cycle and mutational analysis of anchorage-independent growth: cell adhesion and tgf-beta 1 control g1/s transit specifically. | we have examined cell cycle control of anchorage-independent growth in nontransformed fibroblasts. in previous studies using g0-synchronized nrk and nih-3t3 cells, we showed that anchorage-independent growth is regulated by an attachment-dependent transition at g1/s that resembles the start control point in the cell cycle of saccharomyces cerevisiae. in the studies reported here, we have synchronized nrk and nih-3t3 fibroblasts immediately after this attachment-dependent transition to determine ... | 1993 | 8320267 |
| gastric colonization with candida albicans. | we adapted a rat model of gastrointestinal candidiasis for studies of in vivo gastric colonization with candida albicans. whereas normal rats cleared a single intragastric inoculum of 5 x 10(6) c. albicans from the stomach within 4 hours, rats pretreated with chloramphenicol and gentamicin achieved stable gastric colonization for at least 5 days after administration of this inoculum. we next used this model to study host modifications hypothesized to alter gastric colonization. a first group rec ... | 1993 | 8326993 |
| hybrid enzymes for structure-function analysis of cytochrome p-450 2b11. | previous work has shown that p-450 2b11 is responsible for the unique ability of dogs to metabolize and eliminate certain highly-chlorinated biphenyls such as 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (245-hcb), whereas the related p-450 2b forms in rat and rabbit are unable to metabolize the compound to any significant degree. to determine the structural basis for this functional diversity, hybrid enzymes were generated. success with this approach required a careful choice of second enzyme and common s ... | 1993 | 8329443 |
| identification of the gene encoding the mitochondrial elongation factor g in mammals. | protein synthesis in cytosolic and rough endoplasmic reticulum associated ribosomes is directed by factors, many of which have been well characterized. although these factors have been the subject of intense study, most of the corresponding factors regulating protein synthesis in the mitochondrial ribosomes remain unknown. in this report we present the cloning and initial characterization of the gene encoding the rat mitochondrial elongation factor-g (ref-gmt). the rat gene encoding ef-gmt (rmef ... | 1993 | 8332461 |
| tnf-alpha and cyclooxygenase metabolites do not modulate c. albicans septic shock with disseminated candidiasis. | we analyzed differences in host regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) production and pathophysiological responses in conscious rats after infection with two strains of pathogenic candida albicans spp. (ca-1 and ca-2) compared with escherichia coli serotype 055:b5 (ec). the hypothesis was tested that, in contrast to ec, hypotension, organ injury, and mortality after candidemia are not obligatorily dependent on tnf-alpha or tnf-alpha-induced cyclooxygenase pathway metabolites. dose ... | 1993 | 8335578 |
| cyclin g: a new mammalian cyclin with homology to fission yeast cig1. | a new gene encoding a cyclin-like protein has been isolated from a rat fibroblast cdna library by cross-hybridization with a mixture of c-src family proto-oncogene kinase domains as a probe. this putative cyclin, called cyclin g, contains a typical cyclin box at the n-terminus but no apparent 'destruction box' or 'pest' sequence. interestingly, in its c-terminus region, it has a sequence homologous with a tyrosine phosphorylation site of the epidermal growth factor receptor. although this cyclin ... | 1993 | 8336937 |
| targeting of histone tails by poly(adp-ribose). | after zn2+ finger-mediated binding to a dna break, poly(adp-ribose) polymerase becomes automodified with long polymers of adp-ribose. these nucleic acid-like polymers may facilitate dna repair by noncovalently interacting with neighboring proteins. using a novel screening technique, we have identified histones as the predominant poly(adp-ribose)-binding species in human keratinocytes, rat hepatocytes, frog eggs, and yeast. polymer binding is confined specifically to the histone domains responsib ... | 1993 | 8349647 |
| the role of the carboxyl-terminal tail in human o6-methylguanine dna methyltransferase substrate specificity and temperature sensitivity. | the human o6-methylguanine dna methyltransferase (mgmt) repairs o6-methylguanine (o6-mg) in dna at a much lower rate than the escherichia coli ada protein, and only mgmt repairs the altered base, o6-benzylguanine (o6-bg). the diversity in dna repair properties between mgmt and ada may be a result of divergent amino acid sequences outside their common proline-cysteine-histidine-arginine-valine (pchrv) acceptor site. one notable sequence difference is an mgmt 28-amino acid carboxyl-terminal tail w ... | 1993 | 8366118 |
| an essential role for phosphatidylinositol transfer protein in phospholipase c-mediated inositol lipid signaling. | transmembrane signaling by the phospholipase c-beta (plc-beta) pathway is known to require at least three components: the receptor, the g protein, and the plc. recent studies have indicated that if the cytosol is allowed to leak out of hl60 cells, then g protein-stimulated plc activity is greatly diminished, indicating an essential role for a cytosolic component(s). we now report the complete purification of one component based on its ability to reconstitute gtp gamma s-mediated plc activity and ... | 1993 | 8374957 |
| mitochondrial cardiolipin in diverse eukaryotes. comparison of biosynthetic reactions and molecular acyl species. | cardiolipin, a unique dimeric phospholipid of bacteria and mitochondria, can be synthesized by two alternative pathways discovered in rat and escherichia coli, respectively. in mitochondrial preparations from fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae, neurospora crassa), higher plants (phaseolus aureus), molluscs (mytilus edulis) and mammals (rat liver, bovine adrenal gland), cardiolipin was synthesized from cdp-diacylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol, suggesting a common eukaryotic mechanism of cardiolip ... | 1993 | 8385010 |
| metabolic activation of the nitroaromatic antiandrogen flutamide by rat and human cytochromes p-450, including forms belonging to the 3a and 1a subfamilies. | the in vitro metabolic activation of flutamide, a nitroaromatic antiandrogen which produces hepatitis in a few recipients, was first studied with male rat liver microsomes. there was no electron spin resonance evidence for the reduction of flutamide by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph)-cytochrome p-450 reductase into a nitro anion free radical. in contrast, flutamide was oxidatively transformed by cytochrome p-450 into reactive metabolite(s) that covalently bound to mic ... | 1993 | 8386241 |
| a large inverted duplicated dna region associated with an amplified oncogene is stably maintained in a yac. | in the polyoma virus (py) transformed 3b rat cell line the py oncogene and adjacent cellular dna are amplified in arrays of very large inverted duplications. a region of the 3b amplified dna was cloned as a 550 kb insert in a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) vector, designated y3b01. analysis of the y3b01 cloned insert revealed it contained a large inverted duplicated dna region which was approximately 400 kb in size (two palindromic arms of about 200 kb). at least 420 kb of the 550 kb yac inse ... | 1993 | 8388763 |
| myristoyl-coa:protein n-myristoyltransferase activity in cancer cells. purification and characterization of a cytosolic isoform from the murine leukemia cell line l1210. | myristoylation is a co-translational maturation process of proteins. it is extremely specific for the cosubstrate (myristoyl-coa) and for the substrate protein that should bear a glycine at the n-terminus of the protein to be myristoylated. this acylation is catalyzed by the myristoyl-coa:protein n-myristoyltransferase. most of the molecular biochemistry and biology concerning this enzyme has been done on saccharomyces cerevisiae. because of the major importance of this pathway in several types ... | 1993 | 8391437 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (pip2) by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) generates two second messengers, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and 1,2-diacylglycerol. the polymerase chain reaction was used to isolate a saccharomyces cerevisiae gene (plc1) that encodes a protein of 869 amino acids (designated plc1p) that bears greatest resemblance to the delta isoforms of mammalian pi-plc in terms of overall sequence similarity and domain arrangement. plc1p con ... | 1993 | 8395015 |
| phosphorylation of mg(2+)-dependent protein phosphatase alpha (type 2c alpha) by casein kinase ii. | in this study we show that rat mg(2+)-dependent protein phosphatase alpha (mpp alpha) expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells was phosphorylated on serine residues in vivo. the recombinant rat mpp alpha purified from escherichia coli cells harboring an expression vector was phosphorylated in vitro by casein kinase ii, but not by casein kinase i, to 1.5 mol phosphate per mol enzyme protein. analysis by phosphopeptide mapping and amino acid analysis suggested that the sites of both in vivo and ... | 1993 | 8395836 |
| substrate and hormone regulation of palmitoyl-coa synthetase in 7800 c1 morris hepatoma cells and cultured rat hepatocytes. | the effects of tetradecylthioacetic acid (tta), insulin and dexamethasone on palmitoyl-coa synthetase activity and its mrna both in 7800 c1 hepatoma cells and cultured rat hepatocytes were studied. (1) when the hepatoma cells were cultivated in the presence of fatty acids or alkyl thioacetic acids (3-thia fatty acids) palmitoyl-coa synthetase activity was increased several fold. the stronger effect was obtained with tta, which also increased long-chain acyl-coa synthetase mrna significantly. tta ... | 1993 | 8399334 |
| cdna cloning of rat proteasome subunit rc7-i, a homologue of yeast pre1 essential for chymotrypsin-like activity. | the nucleotide sequence of a cdna that encodes a new subunit, named rc7-i, of the 20 s proteasome of rat hepatoma cells has been determined. the polypeptide predicted from the open reading frame consists of 201 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 22,912 and isoelectric point of 7.25. approximately 80% of the partial amino acid sequences of several fragments of rc7-i, determined by protein chemical analyses, were found to be in excellent accordance with those deduced from th ... | 1993 | 8405448 |
| structural requirements for high affinity binding of complex ligands by the macrophage mannose receptor. | the mannose receptor of macrophage and hepatic endothelial cells discriminates between endogenous and exogenous sugar-bearing structures. previous competition studies have indicated that the receptor binds the monosaccharides mannose, fucose, and n-acetylglucosamine but displays much higher affinity for multivalent oligosaccharides, such as those found on the surface of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. the hydrodynamic properties of the receptor have been examined, revealing that the recep ... | 1993 | 8416946 |
| yeast single copy gene urp1 is a homolog of rat ribosomal protein gene l21. | this communication reports on a single-copy gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae which is homologous to the rat ribosomal protein gene l21. the yeast and the rat genes show 59% identity in dna sequences and in the predicted protein sequences. this yeast gene is, therefore, assumed to code for an as yet unassigned ribosomal protein (urp1). the urp1 open reading frame is 480 nucleotides long and can encode a protein of about m(r) 18,200. like most of the other known ribosomal protein genes, urp1 is in ... | 1993 | 8428379 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression of a cdna encoding mammalian valyl-trna synthetase. | a fragment of the cdna encoding a rat valyl-trna synthetase (trsval)-like protein was cloned from a rat cdna library in lambda gt11 using an oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) probe. three independent plaque clones containing the human trsval cdna were then isolated from a lambda gt10 human erythroleukemia cdna library using the rat cdna fragment as the hybridization probe. sequence analyses of the cdna fragments provided a 3.2-kb sequence with an open reading frame that contained the 'high' synth ... | 1993 | 8428657 |
| a pair of putative protein kinase genes (ypk1 and ypk2) is required for cell growth in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | probes derived from cdnas encoding isozymes of rat protein kinase c (pkc) were used to screen the genome of the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. we reported previously the isolation of the yeast pkc1 gene, a homolog of the alpha, beta, and gamma subspecies of mammalian pkc. here we report the isolation and genetic characterization of a pair of previously described genes (ypk1 and ypk2) which are predicted to encode protein kinases that share 90% amino acid identity with each other and 44- ... | 1993 | 8437590 |
| purification and characterization of the trefoil peptide human spasmolytic polypeptide (hsp) produced in yeast. | recombinant human spasmolytic polypeptide (r-hsp) has been produced in relatively large amounts in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the two intronless trefoil domains of the hsp-dna were cloned separately by pcr from human genomic dna, and the remaining parts of the gene synthesized. recombinant plasmids were constructed to encode a fusion protein consisting of a hybrid leader sequence and the hsp sequence. the leader sequence serves to direct the fusion protein into the secretory pathway of the cell a ... | 1993 | 8440393 |
| comparative steady-state fluorescence studies of cytosolic rat liver (gtp), saccharomyces cerevisiae (atp) and escherichia coli (atp) phospho enol pyruvate carboxykinases. | two members of the atp-dependent class of phospho enol pyruvate (pep) carboxykinases (saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli pep carboxykinase), and one member of the gtp-dependent class (the cytosolic rat liver enzyme) have been comparatively analyzed by taking advantage of their intrinsic fluorescence. the s. cerevisiae and the rat liver enzymes show intrinsic fluorescence with a maximum emission characteristic of moderately buried tryptophan residues, while the e. coli carboxykinase sh ... | 1993 | 8448184 |
| filamentous growth and elevated vaginopathic potential of a nongerminative variant of candida albicans expressing low virulence in systemic infection. | the vaginopathic potential and the intravaginal morphology of a nongerminative variant of candida albicans, strain ca-2, were studied in a rat vaginitis model. although it expressed low virulence in systemic infections, strain ca-2 was capable of causing a vaginal infection of the same duration and extent as that obtained in rats challenged with the germ-tube-forming strain c. albicans 3153 from the stock collection or with a fresh clinical isolate of c. albicans from a case of human vaginitis. ... | 1993 | 8454356 |
| cloning and expression of the uga4 gene coding for the inducible gaba-specific transport protein of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | transport of 4-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in saccharomyces cerevisiae is mediated by three transport systems: the general amino acid permease (gap1 gene), the proline permease (put4 gene), and a specific gaba permease (uga4 gene) which is induced in the presence of gaba. the uga4 gene encoding the inducible gaba-specific transporter was cloned and sequenced and its expression analyzed. the predicted amino acid sequence shows that uga4 encodes a 62 kda protein having 9-12 putative membrane-spanning ... | 1993 | 8455553 |
| molecular cloning of rat amidophosphoribosyltransferase. | the cdna of rat amidophosphoribosyltransferase (ec 2.4.2.14, atase), which is the supposed regulatory allosteric enzyme of de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis, has been cloned by polymerase chain reaction. the predicted open reading frame encodes a protein of 517 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 57,436 including a supposed 11-amino acid propeptide. the 16 amino acid residues next to the propeptide were identical to the n-terminal amino acid microsequence of a purified rat liver ... | 1993 | 8463258 |
| clustered organization of homologous krab zinc-finger genes with enhanced expression in human t lymphoid cells. | krab zinc-finger proteins (krab-zfps) constitute a large subfamily of zfps of the krüppel c2h2 type. krab (krüppel-associated box) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain found n-terminally with respect to the finger repeats. we report here the characterization of a particular subgroup of highly related human krab-zfps. znf91 is one representative of this subgroup and contains 35 contiguous finger repeats at its c-terminus. three mrna isoforms with sequence identity to znf91 were isolated ... | 1993 | 8467795 |
| human hepatic cyp1a1 and cyp1a2 content, determined with specific anti-peptide antibodies, correlates with the mutagenic activation of phip. | mono-specific antibodies targeted to human cyp1a1 and cyp1a2 have been produced by immunizing rabbits with protein conjugates of short synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 290-297 and 284-296 respectively, of these enzymes. the antibody targeted to cyp1a1 bound in immunoblotting to the recombinant protein expressed in yeast but did not bind to any human hepatic microsomal protein, whereas the antibody targeted to cyp1a2 bound only to this enzyme in immunoblotting of human hepatic microso ... | 1993 | 8472319 |
| treatment and serological studies of an italian case of penicilliosis marneffei contracted in thailand by a drug addict infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | a case of disseminated penicilliosis marneffei, the first to be diagnosed in italy, is described in a male hiv-positive drug addict. the patient had visited thailand several times in the two years prior to his hospitalization. the presenting signs were fever, productive cough, facial skin papules and pustules, nodules on both thumbs and oropharyngeal candidiasis. penicillium marneffei was isolated from a series of blood specimens with the lysis centrifugation procedure. septate, yeast-like cells ... | 1993 | 8472804 |
| proto-oncogene fosb: the amino terminus encodes a regulatory function required for transformation. | overexpression of some members of the fos gene family, including fosb, leads to transformation of established rodent fibroblasts. we have previously shown that transformation by fosb requires the presence of a c-terminal transcriptional activation domain. we now report that transformation by fosb also requires an intact dna-binding domain composed of the functionally bipartite basic region and leucine zipper as well as sequences present in the n terminus that serve a regulatory function. deletio ... | 1993 | 8474434 |
| studies on the mode of antifungal action of pradimicin antibiotics. iii. spectrophotometric sequence analysis of the ternary complex formation of bmy-28864 with d-mannopyranoside and calcium. | sequence of reactions in the process of ternary complex formation of bmy-28864 with d-mannopyranoside and calcium was spectrophotometrically determined under more strict analytical conditions using metal-free preparations of sugars and the pradimicin derivative at a bandpass slit width of 1 nm. in the first phase of ternary complex formation, bmy-28864 stereospecifically recognized and bound to d-mannopyranoside in the absence of calcium, which was revealed by a visible absorption maximum shift ... | 1993 | 8478264 |
| the primary structure of rat ribosomal protein l36. | the amino acid sequence of the rat 60s ribosomal subunit protein l36 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cdna. ribosomal protein l36 has 104 amino acids, the nh2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mrna and has a molecular weight of 12,128. hybridization of the cdna to digests of nuclear dna suggests that there are 8 to 11 copies of the l36 gene. the mrna for the protein is about 500 nucleotides in length. rat l36 is related to yeast ribosomal protei ... | 1993 | 8484789 |
| is epimorphin involved in vesicular transport? | | 1993 | 8490959 |
| isolation of the dld gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding the mitochondrial enzyme d-lactate ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase. | in saccharomyces cerevisiae the utilization of lactate occurs via specific oxidation of l- and d-lactate to pyruvate catalysed by l-lactate ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase (l-lcr) (ec 1.1.2.3) encoded by the cyb2 gene, and d-lactate ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase (d-lcr) (ec 1.1.2.4), respectively. we selected several lactate- pyruvate+ mutants in a cyb2 genetic background. two of them were devoid of d-lcr activity (dld mutants, belonging to the same complementation group). the mutation mappe ... | 1993 | 8492799 |
| epimorphin is related to a new class of neuronal and yeast vesicle targeting proteins. | | 1993 | 8493722 |
| methyl-alpha-d-mannopyranoside, mannooligosaccharides and yeast mannans inhibit development of rat adjuvant arthritis. | methyl-alpha-d-mannopyranoside, mannooligosaccharides obtained by acetolysis of yeast mannan, and pure mannans isolated from the cell walls of pathogenic (candida albicans) and nonpathogenic (saccharomyces cerevisiae) yeasts were used for treatment of rat adjuvant arthritis. the arthritis was induced by the application of freund's complete adjuvant into the tail region of rats. the mannose substances were injected into the arthritic rats intraperitonealy at different time intervals. levels of se ... | 1993 | 8496863 |
| coordinate induction of acyl-coa binding protein, fatty acid binding protein and peroxisomal beta-oxidation by peroxisome proliferators. | acyl-coa binding protein (acbp) and fatty acid binding protein (fabp) are important intracellular lipid binding proteins. the purpose of the present experiments was to test the hypothesis that peroxisome proliferators induce acbp in rat hepatocytes as has been shown previously for fabp. the effects of two structurally dissimilar peroxisome proliferators perfluorodecanoic acid (pfda) and clofibric acid (cpib) were examined in primary rat hepatocyte cultures in a chemically defined media. both com ... | 1993 | 8499488 |
| effect of mutations of ionic amino acids of cytochrome p450 1a2 on catalytic activities toward 7-ethoxycoumarin and methanol. | catalytic efficiencies, percentages of rates of product formation per nadph oxidized, and rates of product formation per o2 consumed of ionic mutants of cytochrome p450 1a2 (p450 1a2) were studied. efficiencies of lys99glu, lys453glu, and arg455glu mutants for the hydroxylation reaction toward 7-ethoxycoumarin in the reconstituted system were much lower than that of the wild type (less than 17%), which corresponds to lower turnover numbers for these mutants. in contrast, the catalytic efficienci ... | 1993 | 8504082 |
| rat liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (fmo): cdna cloning and expression in yeast. | a rat liver cdna clone, rfmo1, coding for a flavin-containing monooxygenase (fmo) was isolated. this cdna clone encoded a protein of 532 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence was 84, 82 and 82% identical to those of the pig, human (form 1) and rabbit (form 1) liver fmos, while it was only 52, 50, 54, 56 and 54% identical to the human (form ii), human (form 2) and rabbit liver fmos (form 2) and rabbit and guinea pig lung fmos. rna blot analysis showed that rat liver fmo was also expressed ... | 1993 | 8504165 |
| selenium requirements of rats for normal hepatic and thyroidal 5'-deiodinase (type i) activities. | the nutritional requirement of selenium for type i 5'-deiodinase activity in thyroid compared with liver was assessed in rats. male weanling sprague-dawley rats were fed a torula yeast-based diet for 20 wk. one group of rats was fed the se-deficient basal diet (0.01 mg se/kg). the other three groups were fed the basal diet plus sodium selenite at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg se/kg diet. liver 5'-deiodinase and glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activities were depressed in the group fed the se-deficient (b ... | 1993 | 8505673 |
| rabbit liver microsomal endopeptidase with substrate specificity for processing proproteins is structurally related to rat testes metalloendopeptidase 24.15. | the detergent extract of rabbit liver microsomes contains an endopeptidase (mep) with substrate specificity for peptides containing arg residues at the p1 and p4 positions in the cleavage site (kawabata, s., and davie, e. w. (1992) j. biol. chem. 267, 10331-10336). these sequences occur in many proproteins such as the vitamin k-dependent proproteins and prohormones. a cdna coding for mep has been obtained from three overlapping clones isolated from two rabbit liver lambda gt10 cdna libraries. th ... | 1993 | 8509389 |
| residues crucial for ras interaction with gdp-gtp exchangers. | cdc25 is essential for ras-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. this protein acts by catalyzing gdp-gtp exchange on yeast ras. harvey (ha) ras expressed in s. cerevisiae is also recognized by both cdc25 and sdc25, a yeast homolog of cdc25. thus it is feasible to examine molecular aspects of mammalian ras modulation by cdc25 using the ras/camp pathway in yeast as a model system. here, we describe mutational analysis of ha-ras for the identification of res ... | 1993 | 8516302 |
| unusual charge configurations in transcription factors of the basic rna polymerase ii initiation complex. | a systematic analysis of the primary sequences of the polymerase ii initiation complex has revealed unusual charge features in the tfii family proteins. in particular, the proteins tfiia alpha, tfiie alpha, and tfiif carry multiple charge clusters and hyper charge runs, sequence features occurring in < 4% of all (available) eukaryotic proteins. possible implications for these charge structures are discussed in relation to the assembly and function of the polymerase ii transcriptional complex. | 1993 | 8516305 |
| [time course of amino acid absorption in growing rats after feeding of a 15n-labeled wheat/yeast ration]. | the time course of aa digestion, aa balance (sv as), and aa absorption (wv as) was estimated on growing rats (wistar rats, lw = 124 g) in different sections of the intestinal tract using the combination of 15n tracer and tio2 marker techniques. the animals received once a diet of 15n labelled wheat and yeast as protein sources supplemented by tio2 as a marker. up to 6 h after feeding the amino acid composition the 15n excess and the tio2 content in the digesta of stomach, small and large intesti ... | 1995 | 8526730 |
| identification of a family of closely related human ubiquitin conjugating enzymes. | two very closely related human e2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes, ubfh5b and ubch5c, have been identified. these enzymes are products of distinct genes and are 88-89% identical in amino acid sequence to the recently described human e2, ubch5 (now designated ubch5a), ubch5a-c are homologous to a family of five ubiquitin conjugating enzymes from arabidopsis thaliana, atubc8-12. they are also closely related to saccharomyces cerevisiae scubc4 and scubc5, which are involved in the stress response, an ... | 1995 | 8530467 |
| purification and characterization of a novel adp-dependent glucokinase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon pyrococcus furiosus. | pyrococcus furiosus uses a modified embden-meyerhof pathway during growth on poly- or disaccharides. instead of the usual atp-dependent glucokinase, this pathway involves a novel adp-dependent (amp-forming) glucokinase. the level of this enzyme and some other glycolytic enzymes appeared to be closely regulated by the substrate. growth on cellobiose resulted in a high specific activity of 0.96 units mg-1, whereas on pyruvate a 10-fold lower activity was found. the adp-dependent glucokinase was pu ... | 1995 | 8530474 |
| production of rat protein disulfide isomerase in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | protein disulfide isomerase (pdi) is an abundant protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes the oxidation of protein sulfhydryl groups and the isomerization and reduction of protein disulfide bonds. saccharomyces cerevisiae cells lacking pdi are inviable. pdi is a component of many different protein processing complexes, and the actual activity of pdi that is required for cell viability is unclear. a cdna that codes for rat pdi fused to the alpha-factor pre-pro segment was expressed in ... | 1995 | 8535165 |
| the influence of "selenium organicum" upon the hepatic function of carbon tetrachloride poisoned rats. | the hepatoprotective action of the romanian preparation orgasel containing selenium (se) 5.01 mg/100 g autolysated yeast powder, was tested on adult wistar rats poisoned with carbon tetrachloride (ccl4). the hepatotoxic agent (a 20% ccl4 solution in oil) was administered i.p. in a single dose of 0.3 ml ccl4 solution/100 g body weight, and the preparation tested (autolysate of seleniated yeast) was administered by gavage in 4 doses (of 100 mg se powder/100 g animal each) along 2 days. after 48 hr ... | 1995 | 8535346 |
| cloning and characterization of a putative calcium-transporting atpase gene from schistosoma mansoni. | complementary dna was isolated, encoding a putative ca(2+)-transport atpase (sma1) of the human parasitic trematode schistosoma mansoni. the cdna was isolated by a nested polymerase chain reaction based strategy. the oligonucleotides used were designed on the basis of conserved amino-acid regions found in p-type atpases. the complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the primary structure and topology of the enzyme were deduced. sma1 has 1022 amino acids and a predicted molecular mass of 113 k ... | 1995 | 8538684 |
| expression of rat cathepsin d cdna in saccharomyces cerevisiae: intracellular sorting of cathepsin d to yeast vacuole. | | 1995 | 8540330 |
| delta 6-desaturase: improved methodology and analysis of the kinetics in a multi-enzyme system. | a new method of assay for the delta 6-desaturation of linoleic acid was developed. this method, which uses hplc for separation of the fatty acid substrate and product, exhibited a lower coefficient of variation (0.3%) than the reported tlc method (3.5%), and avoided the step of methylation of the saponified fatty acid substrate and product. using this new method of assay, the kinetics of the delta 6-desaturase in a multi-enzyme system were analysed. a number of factors that could have striking e ... | 1996 | 8547334 |
| human reg family genes are tandemly ordered in a 95-kilobase region of chromosome 2p12. | reg, first isolated from a rat regenerating islet cdna library, is expressed in regenerating islet beta-cells. recently, it has been revealed that reg and reg-related genes constitute a multigene family, the reg family. in human, the four reg family genes, i.e., reg 1 alpha, reg 1 beta, reg-related sequence (rs) and hip/pap, have so far been isolated. in this study, we analyzed yac clones containing the four genes and performed two-color fish to determine the map order of the genes. the human re ... | 1995 | 8549770 |
| a presynaptic inositol-5-phosphatase. | synaptojanin is a nerve terminal protein of relative molecular mass 145,000 which appears to participate with dynamin in synaptic vesicle recycling. the central region of synaptojanin defines it as a member of the inositol-5-phosphatase family, which includes the product of the gene that is defective in the oculocerebrorenal syndrome of lowe. synaptojanin has 5-phosphatase activity and its amino-terminal domain is homologous with the yeast protein sac1 (rsd1), which is genetically implicated in ... | 1996 | 8552192 |
| [dynamics of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence in rat whole blood at different oxygen concentrations]. | chemiluminescence analysis was used to examine the yeast cell-activation of rat whole blood neutrophilic leukocytes in rats after their pre-exposure to 3-hour hypoxia (9,000 m above sea level) and two-hour hyperoxia (0.3 mpa), as well as their resultant effects. the hypoxia was found to cause a significant (42%) reduction in the length of the latent period, suggesting that it activates the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic leukocytes. at the same time hyperoxia leads to a delayed response of c ... | 1995 | 8553626 |
| nuclear pore complex clustering and nuclear accumulation of poly(a)+ rna associated with mutation of the saccharomyces cerevisiae rat2/nup120 gene. | to identify genes involved in the export of messenger rna from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, we used an in situ hybridization assay to screen temperature-sensitive strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae. this identified those which accumulated poly(a)+ rna in their nuclei when shifted to the non-permissive temperature of 37 degrees c. we describe here the properties of yeast strains carrying mutations in the rat2 gene (rat - ribonucleic acid trafficking) and the cloning of the rat2 gene. only a low ... | 1995 | 8557737 |
| study of hemagglutinating property of enteroinvasive escherichia coli from various geographical locations. | thirty-four strains of enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) were examined for their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes from different animal species. all strains cultured in casamino acid-yeast extract medium in the presence of 1 mm cacl2 at 37 c for 16-22 hr induced maximal expression of hemagglutination (ha) of broad spectrum erythrocytes. the strongest ha was observed with guinea-pig erythrocytes followed by human (o type), rat, mouse, rabbit and sheep erythrocytes. all the strains failed ... | 1995 | 8569044 |
| human glucokinase regulatory protein (gckr): cdna and genomic cloning, complete primary structure, and chromosomal localization. | null mutations in the glucokinase (gck) gene can cause autosomal dominant type 2 diabetes (maturity onset diabetes of the young, mody); however, mody is genetically heterogeneous. in both liver and pancreatic islet, glucokinase is subject to inhibition by a regulatory protein (gckr). given the role of gck in mody, gckr is itself a candidate type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene. here we describe the structure of full-length (2.2 kb) cdna for human gckr, from the hepatoblastoma cell line hepg2. the ... | 1995 | 8589523 |
| prohibitin: potential role in senescence, development, and tumor suppression. | prohibitin is an evolutionarily conserved gene with homologues found in organisms ranging from yeast to man. in man the gene is located on chromosome 17 at q21. the deduced amino acid sequences of the protein products from mouse and rat are identical; and these differ from the human protein sequence by a single conserved amino acid. prohibitin has antiproliferative activity and available data suggest a role in such diverse processes as normal cell cycle regulation, replicative senescence, cellul ... | 1995 | 8591812 |
| unusual evolution of 11beta- and 17beta-hydroxysteroid and retinol dehydrogenases. | 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases regulate glucocorticoid concentrations and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases regulate estrogen and androgen concentrations in mammals. phylogenetic analysis of the sequences from two 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and four mammalian 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases indicates unusual evolution in these enzymes. type 1 11beta- and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are on the same branch; type 2 enzymes cluster on another branch with beta-hydroxy ... | 1996 | 8593166 |
| molecular cloning, characterization, and mapping of a full-length cdna encoding human udp-galactose 4'-epimerase. | galactose metabolism in all organisms is catalyzed by three enzymatic steps: the galactokinase, galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase, and udp galactose 4'-epimerase reactions. we report here the molecular cloning, characterization, and mapping of a full-length cdna encoding human udp-galactose 4'-epimerase (gale). our cdna is 1488 bp long and matches the mrna size of 1.5 kg detected in fibroblasts and lymphoblasts. the human gale cdna encodes a predicted protein of 348 amino acids with a mole ... | 1995 | 8593531 |
| construction of the complete rat fatty acid synthase cdna and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the 272 647-dalton polypeptide of fatty acid synthase (fas) from rattus norvegicus has been expressed in a proteinase-deficient strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae. the seven overlapping cdna clones for rat fas spanning the entire coding region were the starting material for this undertaking. in a series of cloning steps an expression plasmid was constructed in which the cdna was placed under the control of the yeast adh1 promoter. northern blotting of total rna isolated from yeast transformed wi ... | 1996 | 8595667 |
| human natural yeast killer toxin-like candidacidal antibodies. | a murine mab (mabkt4, igg1) that neutralized in vitro the anti-candida activity of a killer toxic (kt) from the yeast pichia anomala acted as an idiotypic (id) vaccine in eliciting anti-id abs with toxin-like activity (kt-idab) in a rat vaginitis model. in this study, we demonstrate that intravaginal or intragastric inoculations of candida albicans bearing a receptor for the toxin was able to recall kt-idab production in the vagina of the animals primarily immunized with mabkt4 and also to elici ... | 1996 | 8596040 |
| molecular cloning of a schizosaccharomyces pombe cdna encoding lanosterol synthase and investigation of conserved tryptophan residues. | a schizosaccharomyces pombe cdna encoding lanosterol synthase was cloned by complementing a saccharomyces cerevisiae lanosterol synthase mutant. the predicted 83-kda protein is 54-58% identical to other lanosterol synthases. the previously known lanosterol synthases contain 229 conserved residues, which should encompass the catalytically essential amino acids. this number is decreased dramatically by including the sc. pombe lanosterol synthase in the analysis; 42 residues are no longer conserved ... | 1996 | 8604986 |
| cloning of arabidopsis thaliana glutathione synthetase (gsh2) by functional complementation of a yeast gsh2 mutant. | glutathione (l-gamma-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine, gsh) plays an important role in the protection of plants against various types of stress caused by reactive oxygen species, gazeous pollutants, heavy metals and xenobiotics. a cdna fragment containing the entire coding unit for glutathione synthetase (gsh2) of arabidopsis thaliana was cloned by complementation of the methylglyoxal sensitivity of a gsh2 mutant of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the cdna encodes a protein of 478 amino acids (de ... | 1996 | 8612643 |
| genetic and molecular basis for copper toxicity. | recent studies resulted in the cloning of the genes responsible for menkes syndrome and wilson disease. despite the distinct clinical phenotypes of these disorders, each gene encodes a highly homologous member of the cation-transport p-type atpase family. the remarkable evolutionary conservation of these proteins in bacteria, yeast, plants, and mammals reveals a fundamental protein structure essential for copper export in all life forms. characterization of a molecular defect in the rat homologu ... | 1996 | 8615371 |
| functional expression of uridine 5'-diphospho-glucose 4-epimerase (ec 5.1.3.2) from arabidopsis thaliana in saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli. | it is our goal to investigate the biosynthesis of galactose-containing compounds in higher plants. searching a database of expressed sequence tags, a cdna from arabidopsis thaliana (clone 108g20t7) with sequence similarity to udp-glucose epimerase was identified and further analyzed. the 1356-bp-long cdna included an open reading frame predicted to encode a 351 amino acid protein of 39 kda. the presumed protein sequence showed a high degree of similarity to udp-glucose epimerase sequences from b ... | 1996 | 8615692 |
| validation of the (omega-1)-hydroxylation of lauric acid as an in vitro substrate probe for human liver cyp2e1. | the (omega-1)-hydroxylation of lauric acid (11-oh-la), a model substrate of fatty acids, was previously shown to be due to cyp2e1 in rat liver microsomes. the present study examined changes in hepatic cyp2e1 content and 11-oh-la in a panel of 29 human liver microsomes. the 11-oh-la activity was strongly correlated with the cyp2e1 content, quantitated by immunoblot (r = 0.75) and with four monooxygenase activities known to be mediated by cyp2e1: chlorzoxazone-6-hydroxylation (r = 0.73), 4-nitroph ... | 1995 | 8615855 |
| mitochondrial fad-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and g-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying k+ channel: no evidence for linkage in maturity-onset diabetes of the young or niddm. | two genes that have potentially important regulatory roles in insulin secretion are both located on chromosome 2q24.1. g-protein-coupled muscarinic potassium channel (girk1) is an inwardly rectifying k+ channel that helps to maintain the resting potential and excitability of cells. mitochondrial fad-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (m-gdh) catalyzes a rate-limiting step of the glycerol phosphate shuttle in pancreatic islets. reduced m-gdh activity has been demonstrated in islets isolated fr ... | 1996 | 8621016 |
| mechanical stretch activates the stress-activated protein kinases in cardiac myocytes. | we have recently shown that mechanical stress activates a phosphorylation cascade of protein kinases including raf-1 and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (erks) in cultured cardiac myocytes partially through the enhanced secretion of angiotensin ii. osmotic stress in budding yeast has been shown to activate similar signaling molecules including hog-1, a distant relative of the erk family. in the present study, we examined whether mechanical stretch of cardiac myocytes activates the str ... | 1996 | 8621062 |
| mammalian vesicle trafficking proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus. | vesicle traffic propagates and maintains distinct subcellular compartments and routes secretory products from their site of synthesis to their final destinations. as a basis for the specificity of vesicular transport reactions, each step in the secretory pathway appears to be handled by a distinct set of evolutionarily conserved proteins. mammalian proteins responsible for vesicle trafficking at early steps in the secretory pathway are not well understood. in this report, we describe rat sec22 ( ... | 1996 | 8621431 |
| a consensus camp-dependent protein kinase (pk-a) site in place of the ccn motif casein kinase ii site simian virus 40 large t-antigen confers pk-a-mediated regulation of nuclear import. | the regulation of nuclear protein transport by phosphorylation plays a central role in gene expression in eukaryotic cells. we previously showed that nuclear import of sv40 large tumor antigen (t-ag) fusion proteins is regulated by the ccn motif, comprising phosphorylation sites for casein kinase ii and the cyclin-dependent kinase cdc2, together with the nuclear localization signal. regulation of nuclear uptake by ccn motif kinase sites also holds true for the yeast transcription factor swi5 and ... | 1996 | 8626446 |
| requirement for the carboxyl-terminal domain of saccharomyces cerevisiae carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase. | the arginine-specific carbamoyl phosphate synthetase of saccharomyces cerevisiae is a heterodimeric enzyme, with a 45-kda cpa1 subunit binding and cleaving glutamine, and a 124-kda cpa2 subunit accepting the ammonia moiety cleaved from glutamine, binding all of the remaining substrates and carrying out all of the other catalytic events. cpa2 is composed of two apparently duplicated amino acid sequences involved in binding the two atp molecules needed for carbamoyl phosphate synthesis and a carbo ... | 1996 | 8626695 |
| ultrastructural morphology of intermediate forms and forms suggestive of conjugation in the life cycle of pneumocystis carinii. | the intrapulmonary life cycle of pneumocystis carinii has been proposed to include asexual reproduction of haploid trophic forms and sexual reproduction to form cysts or ascospores containing 8 intracystic bodies or spores. this study presents the ultrastructural morphology of trophic forms and developing ascospores. nuclear-associated organelles (nao) were observed in these various forms and in a binucleated trophozoite. the unique configuration of the nuclei and nao in this binucleated trophic ... | 1996 | 8627488 |
| genetic characterization of transactivation of the human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter: binding of tax to tax-responsive element 1 is mediated by the cyclic amp-responsive members of the creb/atf family of transcription factors. | to achieve a better understanding of the mechanism of transactivation by tax of human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 tax-responsive element 1 (tre-1), we developed a genetic approach with saccharomyces cerevisiae. we constructed a yeast reporter strain containing the lacz gene under the control of the cyc1 promoter associated with three copies of tre-1. expression of either the cyclic amp response element-binding protein (creb) or creb fused to the gal4 activation domain (gad) in this strain did n ... | 1996 | 8628284 |
| studies of the release and turnover of a human neutrophil lipocalin. | a 24-kda protein was purified from human neutrophil extracts and shown to be the newly discovered neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (ngal), based on structural and immunochemical data. a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the determination of ngal in human plasma and tissue fluids. normal human plasma contains 72 micrograms l-1 of ngal (range 40-109 micrograms l-1) in two main forms, monomer and dimer. 35s-methionine metabolic studies of human neutrophi ... | 1995 | 8633182 |
| attempts to convert chymotrypsin to trypsin. | trypsin and chymotrypsin have specificity pockets of essentially the same geometry, yet trypsin is specific for basic while chymotrypsin for bulky hydrophobic residues at the p1 site of the substrate. a model by steitz, henderson and blow suggested the presence of a negative charge at site 189 as the major specificity determinant: asp189 results in tryptic, while the lack of it chymotryptic specificity. however, recent mutagenesis studies have shown that a successful conversion of the specificit ... | 1996 | 8635580 |
| the tc21 oncoprotein interacts with the ral guanosine nucleotide dissociation factor. | tc21 is a highly oncogenic member of the ras superfamily of small gtp binding proteins. we have used the yeast two hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with an oncogenic form of the tc21 protein. cdna clones encoding the carboxy-terminal region of the ralgds protein were isolated from human b-cell and hela cdna libraries. ralgds is an exchange factor that stimulates gdp dissociation from ral, another member of the ras superfamily of proteins. the interaction between ralgds to tc21 is ... | 1996 | 8637701 |
| role of the prodomain in folding and secretion of rat pancreatic carboxypeptidase a1. | pancreatic carboxypeptidase a1 (cpa1) is synthesized as an inactive precursor, procpa1, which is processed to the active enzyme by the proteolytic removal of the 95-amino acid n-terminal prodomain. purified rat procpa1 is renatured in vitro after denaturation in guanidine or in guanidine plus reducing agents. in contrast, purified cpa1 is not renatured under any of the conditions tested. while procpa1 is secreted in yeast when fused to the alpha-factor signal sequence in place of its endogenous ... | 1996 | 8639628 |
| a mammalian homologue of sly1, a yeast gene required for transport from endoplasmic reticulum to golgi. | we characterized rat cdnas that predict a protein, r-sly1, which is similar to sly1, a yeast protein that plays a critical role in endoplasmic reticulum to golgi apparatus vesicle trafficking. the r-sly1 gene is expressed in all tissues examined. | 1996 | 8647468 |
| the predominant protein-arginine methyltransferase from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we have identified the major enzymatic activity responsible for the s-adenosyl-l-methionine-dependent methylation of arginine residues (ec 2.1.1.23) in proteins of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the rmt1 (protein-arginine methyltransferase), formerly odp1, gene product encodes a 348-residue polypeptide of 39.8 kda that catalyzes both the ng-mono- and ng, ng-asymmetric dimethylation of arginine residues in a variety of endogenous yeast polypeptides. a yeast strain in which the chromosomal rm ... | 1996 | 8647869 |