| evidence for the involvement of cofilin in aspergillus fumigatus internalization into type ii alveolar epithelial cells. | the internalization of aspergillus fumigatus into alveolar epithelial cells (aecs) is tightly controlled by host cellular actin dynamics, which require close modulation of the adf (actin depolymerizing factor)/cofilin family. however, the role of cofilin in a. fumigatus internalization into aecs remains unclear. | 2015 | 26268695 |
| erratum: cloning, overexpression and biocatalytic exploration of a novel baeyer-villiger monooxygenase from aspergillus fumigatus af293. | | 2014 | 26267109 |
| production of short-chain fatty acids from the biodegradation of wheat straw lignin by aspergillus fumigatus. | the wheat straw lignin-rich fraction (wslig-rf) can be used as a raw material for the production of metabolites for industrial use if ligninolytic mitosporic fungi are used for its biodegradation into aromatics and short-chain fatty acids (scfas, i.e., scfa2-6). although methods for the production of scfa2-6 have been described previously, quantitative data of scfa2-6 production have not been reported. the objectives of this study were to investigate the biodegradation of different concentration ... | 2015 | 26263005 |
| aspergillus in endodontic infection near the maxillary sinus. | diseases of the maxillary sinus have been associated with dental roots near the maxillary sinus that have undergone endodontic treatment. | 2015 | 26254203 |
| inhibition of aspergillus fumigatus and its biofilm by pseudomonas aeruginosa is dependent on the source, phenotype and growth conditions of the bacterium. | aspergillus fumigatus (af) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) are leading fungal and bacterial pathogens, respectively, in many clinical situations. relevant to this, their interface and co-existence has been studied. in some experiments in vitro, pa products have been defined that are inhibitory to af. in some clinical situations, both can be biofilm producers, and biofilm could alter their physiology and affect their interaction. that may be most relevant to airways in cystic fibrosis (cf), where ... | 2015 | 26252384 |
| draft genome sequence of the pathogenic filamentous fungus aspergillus udagawae strain ifm 46973t. | the incidence of aspergillosis by aspergillus infection has dramatically increased in recent years. aspergillus udagawae, a species related to aspergillus fumigatus, is known as an emerging pathogen of aspergillosis. here, we present the draft genome sequence of a. udagawae strain ifm 46973(t). | 2015 | 26251487 |
| a case of late implantable cardiac device infection with aspergillus in an immunocompetent host. | with the increasing use of cardiac implantable electronic devices (cied), there has been an associated increase in rate of complications. infection accounts for about 1% of these, of which only a handful were reported secondary to aspergillus fumigatus. all of these were seen in chronically-ill patients with several co-morbid conditions within a few years of implantation. none have been reported in an otherwise immunocompetent patient at 7 years after cied implantation. | 2015 | 26250569 |
| allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in an adult with kartagener syndrome. | allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a pulmonary disorder resulting from immune responses directed against inhaled aspergillus fumigatus antigens. it manifests with poorly controlled asthma, fleeting pulmonary opacities and structural lung damage in the form of bronchiectasis. initially defined in individuals suffering from bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis, it has also been described in patients with other structural lung disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ... | 2015 | 26250371 |
| drug-drug interaction between isavuconazole and tacrolimus: a case report indicating the need for tacrolimus drug-level monitoring. | despite the known significant drug-drug interaction between isavuconazole and tacrolimus, there are no recommendations on dose adjustment when these drugs are given concomitantly. we report on a patient with a mediastinal aspergillus fumigatus infection resistant to posaconazole and describe how she was successfully managed with tacrolimus therapeutic drug-level monitoring. | 2015 | 26248976 |
| redundant synthesis of a conidial polyketide by two distinct secondary metabolite clusters in aspergillus fumigatus. | filamentous fungi are renowned for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. typically, one distinct metabolite is generated from a specific secondary metabolite cluster. here, we characterize the newly described trypacidin (tpc) cluster in the opportunistic human pathogen aspergillus fumigatus. we find that this cluster as well as the previously characterized endocrocin (enc) cluster both contribute to the production of the spore metabolite endocrocin. whereas trypacidin is eliminated ... | 2016 | 26242966 |
| effects of iron chelators on the formation and development of aspergillus fumigatus biofilm. | iron acquisition is crucial for the growth of aspergillus fumigatus. a. fumigatus biofilm formation occurs in vitro and in vivo and is associated with physiological changes. in this study, we assessed the effects of fe chelators on biofilm formation and development. deferiprone (dfp), deferasirox (dfs), and deferoxamine (dfm) were tested for mic against a reference isolate via a broth macrodilution method. the metabolic effects (assessed by xtt [2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2h-tetraz ... | 2015 | 26239975 |
| pattern of skin sensitivity to various aeroallergens in bronchial asthmatic patients in lagos, nigeria. | background: skin prick testing is an established way of investigating respiratory allergic diseases to determine the allergen or allergens responsible for clinical symptoms as well as degree of reactivity in the individual cases. | 2014 | 26234122 |
| data for itraq secretomic analysis of aspergillus fumigatus in response to different carbon sources. | here, we provide data related to the research article entitled "quantitative proteomics study of aspergillus fumigatus secretome revealed deamidation of secretory enzymes" by adav et al. (j. proteomics (2015) [1]). aspergillus sp. plays an important role in lignocellulosic biomass recycling. to explore biomass hydrolyzing enzymes of a. fumigatus, we profiled secretome under different carbon sources such as glucose, cellulose, xylan and starch by high throughput quantitative proteomics using isob ... | 2015 | 26217740 |
| high diversity of non-sporulating moulds in respiratory specimens of immunocompromised patients: should all the species be reported when diagnosing invasive aspergillosis? | non-sporulating moulds (nsms) isolated from respiratory specimens are usually discarded without further testing although they may have pathogenic effects in immunocompromised patients. the objective of this study was to determine the identity and frequency of nsms in patients with haematological malignancies. we analysed the mycological results of 251 consecutive respiratory samples from 104 haematology patients. yeast and sporulating moulds were identified at the genus/species level according t ... | 2015 | 26214496 |
| azole-resistant aspergillus fumigatus isolates carrying tr₃₄/l98h mutations in taiwan. | cumulative evidence described the emergence and geographical expansion of azole-resistant a. fumigatus associated with azole treatment failure. to investigate the status of azole resistance in a. fumigatus in taiwan, we studied 38 a. fumigatus clinical isolates cultivated from 31 patients at two teaching hospitals from 2011 to 2014. three isolates obtained from respiratory samples of two azole-naïve patients with pulmonary aspergillosis were found to display multi-azole resistance and cross resi ... | 2015 | 26214171 |
| aspergillus fumigatus spinal abscess in an immunocompetent child. | | 2015 | 26208570 |
| isolated enteric aspergillosis in a non severely immunocompromised patient. case report and literature review. | invasive aspergillosis is a life-threatening, opportunistic fungal infection that mainly affects immunocompromised patients, particularly those receiving immunosuppressive therapy or high-dose corticosteroids. the most common portal of entry in aspergillosis is the lung, so the isolated occurrence of intestinal aspergillosis in the absence of pulmonary disease is an unusual pattern. | 2015 | 26206431 |
| cell wall proteome of pathogenic fungi. | a fast development of a wide variety of proteomic techniques supported by mass spectrometry coupled with high performance liquid chromatography has been observed in recent years. it significantly contributes to the progress in research on the cell wall, very important part of the cells of pathogenic fungi. this complicated structure composed of different polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and melanin, plays a key role in interactions with the host during infection. changes in the set of the surfa ... | 2015 | 26192771 |
| in vitro antifungal activity and mode of action of 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone against aspergillus fumigatus. | 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone (2',4'-dhc) was identified from a heat shock protein 90 (hsp90)-targeting library as a compound with hsp90 inhibitory and antifungal effects. in the presence of 2',4'-dhc (8 µg/ml), radial growth of aspergillus fumigatus was inhibited 20% compared to the control, and green pigmentation was completely blocked. the expression of the conidiation-associated genes abaa, brla, and weta was significantly decreased (approximately 3- to 5-fold) by treatment with 2',4'-dhc. the exp ... | 2015 | 26190922 |
| recombination detection in aspergillus fumigatus through single nucleotide polymorphisms typing. | the first evidence of sexual reproduction in aspergillus fumigatus was reported in 2009. nevertheless, it remains difficult to understand how a. fumigatus is able to reproduce through this mode in its natural environment and how frequently this occurs. the aim of this study was to analyse single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in a set of environmental and clinical isolates of a. fumigatus to detect signatures of recombination. a group of closely related portuguese a. fumigatus isolates was char ... | 2015 | 26189756 |
| clinical-scale isolation of the total aspergillus fumigatus-reactive t-helper cell repertoire for adoptive transfer. | evidence of the criticality of the adaptive immune response for controlling invasive aspergillosis has been provided. this observation is supported by the fact that invasive aspergillosis, a grave complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation, occurs long after myeloid reconstitution in patients with low t-cell engraftment and/or on immunosuppressants. adoptive t-cell transfer might be beneficial, but idiosyncrasies of aspergillus fumigatus and the anti-aspergillus immune response render ... | 2015 | 26188965 |
| t helper 2 response in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is not driven by specific aspergillus antigens. | allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is characterized by an allergic immunological response to aspergillus fumigatus. in this study, we investigated whether certain aspergillus antigens are more allergenic than others, as was postulated previously. we stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with abpa with the classically described a. fumigatus allergens aspf1, aspf2, aspf3, and aspf4, as well as two other aspergillus antigens, crf1 and catalase1. activated cd4+ t ce ... | 2015 | 26179335 |
| [retraction. allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in refractory asthma: about a case report]. | | 2015 | 26175839 |
| erratum for abdolrasouli et al., genomic context of azole resistance mutations in aspergillus fumigatus determined using whole-genome sequencing. | | 2015 | 26173700 |
| caspofungin treatment of aspergillus fumigatus results in chsg-dependent upregulation of chitin synthesis and the formation of chitin-rich microcolonies. | treatment of aspergillus fumigatus with echinocandins such as caspofungin inhibits the synthesis of cell wall β-1,3-glucan, which triggers a compensatory stimulation of chitin synthesis. activation of chitin synthesis can occur in response to sub-mics of caspofungin and to cacl2 and calcofluor white (cfw), agonists of the protein kinase c (pkc), and ca(2+)-calcineurin signaling pathways. a. fumigatus mutants with the chs gene (encoding chitin synthase) deleted (δafchs) were tested for their resp ... | 2015 | 26169407 |
| probiotic potential of lactobacillus strains with antifungal activity isolated from animal manure. | the aim of the study was to isolate and characterize the lactic acid bacteria (lab) from animal manure. among the thirty lab strains, four strains, namely, kcc-25, kcc-26, kcc-27, and kcc-28, showed good cell growth and antifungal activity and were selected for further characterization. biochemical and physiology properties of strains confirmed that the strains are related to the lactobacillus sp.; further, the 16s rrna sequencing confirmed 99.99% sequence similarity towards lactobacillus planta ... | 2015 | 26167534 |
| absence of fungal spore internalization by bronchial epithelium in mouse models evidenced by a new bioimaging approach and transmission electronic microscopy. | clinical data and experimental studies suggest that bronchial epithelium could serve as a portal of entry for invasive fungal infections. we therefore analyzed the interactions between molds and the bronchial/bronchiolar epithelium at the early steps after inhalation. we developed invasive aspergillosis (aspergillus fumigatus) and mucormycosis (lichtheimia corymbifera) murine models that mimic the main clinical risk factors for these infections. histopathology studies were completed with a speci ... | 2015 | 26165863 |
| high prevalence of azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus isolates from high-risk patients. | aspergillus fumigatus is the leading cause of invasive aspergillosis. adequate treatment is complicated by an increase in azole resistance. here, the incidence of voriconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole resistance in clinical isolates from high-risk patients from either the haematology ward or the icu of the university medical center utrecht in the period 2011-13 is analysed. putative clonality of resistant strains was tested through cyp51a and microsatellite typing. | 2015 | 26163402 |
| analysis of the aspergillus fumigatus biofilm extracellular matrix by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | aspergillus fumigatus is commonly responsible for lethal fungal infections among immunosuppressed individuals. a. fumigatus forms biofilm communities that are of increasing biomedical interest due to the association of biofilms with chronic infections and their increased resistance to antifungal agents and host immune factors. understanding the composition of microbial biofilms and the extracellular matrix is important to understanding function and, ultimately, to developing strategies to inhibi ... | 2015 | 26163318 |
| aspergillus fumigatus enhances elastase production in pseudomonas aeruginosa co-cultures. | in the cystic fibrosis (cf) lung the presence of bacteria and fungi in the airways promotes an inflammatory response causing progressive lung damage, ultimately leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. we hypothesized that polymicrobial interactions play an important role in promoting airway pathogenesis. we therefore examined the interplay between the most commonly isolated bacterial cf pathogen, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the most prevalent filamentous fungi, aspergillus fumigatus, t ... | 2015 | 26162475 |
| [invasive aspergillosis sinusitis in a diabetic]. | | 2015 | 26161202 |
| synthesis, in vitro and in silico studies of some novel 5-nitrofuran-2-yl hydrazones as antimicrobial and antitubercular agents. | in this study, we synthesized two series of novel 5-nitrofuran-2-carbohydrazides 21a-h and 22a-e in addition to a third series of thiophene-2-carbohydrazides 23a-g to develop potent antimicrobial and/or antitubercular agents. the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activities. most of the 5-nitrofuran-2-carbohydrazides 21a-h and 22a-e displayed variable activity against aspergillus fumigates, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneum ... | 2015 | 26155871 |
| phytase production through response surface methodology and molecular characterization of aspergillus fumigatus nf191. | phytase play an important role in phytic acid catalysis that act as a food inhibitor in cereals. here, we isolated high phytase producing isolates nf191 closely related to aspergillus fumigatus sp. from piggery soil. dna was isolated from the fungal culture and amplified the its region using its1 and its4 primer using pcr. the 400-900 bp amplicon was gel eluted and subjected to sequencing. the sequencing results were assembled and compared with ncbi data base which showed the 99% identity of asp ... | 2015 | 26155674 |
| invasive fungal sinusitis involving the orbital apex in a patient with chronic renal failure. | an 82-year-old man with chronic renal failure presented with invasive fungal sinusitis involving the right orbital apex. intravenous liposomal amphotericin b was immediately administered with an intravenous sodium supplement. subsequently, endoscopic sinus surgery was performed. aspergillus fumigatus was detected in nasal discharge culture on day 12. because the patient's renal function had deteriorated by this time, therapy was changed to nasal inhalation of amphotericin b, which was discontinu ... | 2015 | 27928353 |
| interplay between gliotoxin resistance, secretion, and the methyl/methionine cycle in aspergillus fumigatus. | mechanistic studies on gliotoxin biosynthesis and self-protection in aspergillus fumigatus, both of which require the gliotoxin oxidoreductase glit, have revealed a rich landscape of highly novel biochemistries, yet key aspects of this complex molecular architecture remain obscure. here we show that an a. fumigatus δglia strain is completely deficient in gliotoxin secretion but still retains the ability to efflux bisdethiobis(methylthio)gliotoxin (bmgt). this correlates with a significant increa ... | 2015 | 26150413 |
| a novel mycovirus from aspergillus fumigatus contains four unique dsrnas as its genome and is infectious as dsrna. | we report the discovery and characterization of a double-stranded rna (dsrna) mycovirus isolated from the human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus fumigatus tetramycovirus-1 (afutmv-1), which reveals several unique features not found previously in positive-strand rna viruses, including the fact that it represents the first dsrna (to our knowledge) that is not only infectious as a purified entity but also as a naked dsrna. the afutmv-1 genome consists of four capped dsrnas, the ... | 2015 | 26139522 |
| h-ficolin binds aspergillus fumigatus leading to activation of the lectin complement pathway and modulation of lung epithelial immune responses. | aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that typically infects the lungs of immunocompromised patients leading to a high mortality. h-ficolin, an innate immune opsonin, is produced by type ii alveolar epithelial cells and could participate in lung defences against infections. here, we used the human type ii alveolar epithelial cell line, a549, to determine the involvement of h-ficolin in fungal defence. additionally, we investigated the presence of h-ficolin in bronchoalveolar ... | 2015 | 26133042 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of some traditional persian medicinal plants on pathogenic fungi. | to investigate the antifungal activities of the extracts and sub-fractions of phlomis olivieri, verbascum speciosum, sambucus ebulus and erigeron hyrcanicus, four persian medicinal plants used in iranian folk medicine. | 2015 | 26129901 |
| characterization and genetic variability of feed-borne and clinical animal/human aspergillus fumigatus strains using molecular markers. | aspergillus fumigatus, the major etiological agent of human and animal aspergillosis, is a toxigenic fungus largely regarded as a single species by macroscopic and microscopic features. however, molecular studies have demonstrated that several morphologically identified a. fumigatus strains might be genetically distinct. this work was aimed to apply pcr-restriction length fragment polymorphisms (pcr-rflp) and random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) molecular markers to characterize a set ... | 2015 | 26129892 |
| combining standard clinical methods with pcr showed improved diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies and prolonged neutropenia. | we assessed the diagnostic value of standard clinical methods and combined biomarker testing (galactomannan assay and polymerase chain reaction screening) in a prospective case-control study to detect invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies and prolonged neutropenia. | 2015 | 26126706 |
| case of seropositive allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a 10-year-old girl without previously documented asthma. | allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a hypersensitivity lung disease due to bronchial colonization of aspergillus fumigatus that occurs in susceptible patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis. a 10-year-old girl was referred to the department of pediatric pulmonology for persistent consolidations on chest radiography. pulmonary consolidations were observed in the right upper and left lower lobes and were not resolved with a 4-week prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. the patie ... | 2015 | 26124850 |
| evolution of the immune response to chronic airway colonization with aspergillus fumigatus hyphae. | airway colonization by the mold aspergillus fumigatus is common in patients with underlying lung disease and is associated with chronic airway inflammation. studies probing the inflammatory response to colonization with a. fumigatus hyphae have been hampered by the lack of a model of chronic colonization in immunocompetent mice. by infecting mice intratracheally with conidia embedded in agar beads (af beads), we have established an in vivo model to study the natural history of airway colonizatio ... | 2015 | 26123803 |
| rubicon swaps autophagy for lap. | phagocytic cells engulf their prey into vesicular structures called phagosomes, of which a certain proportion becomes demarcated for enhanced maturation by a process called lc3-associated phagocytosis (lap). light has now been shed on the molecular requirements of lap, establishing a central role for the protein rubicon in the immune response to aspergillus fumigatus. | 2015 | 26123110 |
| update on antifungal drug resistance. | invasive fungal infections remain a major source of global morbidity and mortality, especially among patients with underlying immune suppression. successful patient management requires antifungal therapy. yet, treatment choices are restricted due to limited classes of antifungal agents and the emergence of antifungal drug resistance. in some settings, the evolution of multidrug-resistant strains insensitive to several classes of antifungal agents is a major concern. the resistance mechanisms res ... | 2015 | 26120512 |
| molecular-based allergy diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized japanese patients. | distinguishing between patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) and aspergillus fumigatus (af)-sensitized asthmatic patients without abpa is sometimes difficult owing to the ige-cross-reactivity between af and other fungal allergens. | 2015 | 26118958 |
| functional analysis of sterol transporter orthologues in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. | polarized growth in filamentous fungi needs a continuous supply of proteins and lipids to the growing hyphal tip. one of the important membrane compounds in fungi is ergosterol. at the apical plasma membrane ergosterol accumulations, which are called sterol-rich plasma membrane domains (srds). the exact roles and formation mechanism of the srds remained unclear, although the importance has been recognized for hyphal growth. transport of ergosterol to hyphal tips is thought to be important for th ... | 2015 | 26116213 |
| metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus aspergillus fumigatus from the stem of erythrophloeum fordii oliv. | a new diketopiperazine alkaloid named spirotryprostatin k (1), and five known alkaloids, spiro[5h,10h-dipyrrolo[1,2-a:1',2'-d]pyrazine-2(3h),2'-[2h]-indole]-3',5,10(1'h) trione (2), 6-methoxyspirotryprostatin b (3), pseurotin a (4), n-β-acetyltryptamine (5), and lumichrome (6) were isolated from the endophytic fungus aspergillus fumigatus. the structure and the absolute configuration of spirotryprostatin k were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, acid hydrolysis and ecd calculations ... | 2015 | 26111169 |
| automated quantification of the phagocytosis of aspergillus fumigatus conidia by a novel image analysis algorithm. | studying the pathobiology of the fungus aspergillus fumigatus has gained a lot of attention in recent years. this is due to the fact that this fungus is a human pathogen that can cause severe diseases, like invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. because alveolar macrophages belong to the first line of defense against the fungus, here, we conduct an image-based study on the host-pathogen interaction between murine alveolar macrophages and a. fumigatus. this is achieved by ... | 2015 | 26106370 |
| generation of broad-spectrum antifungal drug candidates from the natural product compound aureobasidin a. | the natural product aureobasidin a (aba) is a potent, well-tolerated antifungal agent with robust efficacy in animals. although native aba is active against a number of fungi, it has little activity against aspergillus fumigatus, an important human pathogen, and attempts to improve the activity against this organism by structural modifications have to date involved chemistries too complex for continued development. this report describes novel chemistry for the modification of aba. the key step i ... | 2015 | 26101567 |
| characterization and identification of the xylanolytic enzymes from aspergillus fumigatus z5. | plant biomass, the most abundant natural material on earth, represents a vast source of food and energy in nature. as the main component of plant biomass, xylan is a complex polysaccharide comprising a linear β(1,4)-linked backbone of xylosyl residues substituted by acetyl, arabinosyl, glucuronysyl and 4-o-methylglucuronycyl residues. | 2015 | 26100973 |
| transcription factor ads-4 regulates adaptive responses and resistance to antifungal azole stress. | azoles are commonly used as antifungal drugs or pesticides to control fungal infections in medicine and agriculture. fungi adapt to azole stress by rapidly activating the transcription of a number of genes, and transcriptional increases in some azole-responsive genes can elevate azole resistance. the regulatory mechanisms that control transcriptional responses to azole stress in filamentous fungi are not well understood. this study identified a bzip transcription factor, ads-4 (antifungal drug s ... | 2015 | 26100701 |
| antibacterial activity of diketopiperazines isolated from a marine fungus using t-butoxycarbonyl group as a simple tool for purification. | nine diketopiperazines were characterized from the culture of marine fungal isolate mr2012 which based on dna amplification and sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (its) region was identified as aspergillus fumigatus. the isolated fungal metabolites 4-12 were unambiguously identified as a series of simple and re-arranged diketopiperazines by analysis of spectroscopic data. t-butoxycarbonyl group (boc) derivatization was used to separate the intractable mixture of 4 and 5. when a ... | 2015 | 26099531 |
| sensitization pattern affects the asthma risk in finnish adult population. | there is a large global variation in the sensitization pattern and its association with allergic diseases. in temperate and tropical urban environments, mite monosensitization can be the predominant cause of allergic airway diseases, whereas in other environments, polysensitization is more typical. sensitization to mite allergens associates with asthma. however, it is suggested that mite sensitization might play a minor role in northern europe. the aim of the study was to analyze how sensitizati ... | 2015 | 26095518 |
| genotype-phenotype complexity of the tr46/y121f/t289a cyp51a azole resistance mechanism in aspergillus fumigatus. | the aspergillus fumigatus cyp51a gene tr46/y121f/t289a mutation is a new emerging resistance mechanism with high-level voriconazole (vor) resistance, and elevated mics to all other medical azoles. this is highly worrisome as vor is the primary drug for the treatment of many aspergillus diseases. the 46 base pair tandem repeat (tr46) is positioned at the same location of the cyp51a gene promoter region as has been described for other tandem repeats. the exact role of the tr46 in combination with ... | 2015 | 26092193 |
| correction: the ph-responsive pacc transcription factor of aspergillus fumigatus governs epithelial entry and tissue invasion during pulmonary aspergillosis. | | 2015 | 26086393 |
| fungus induces the release of il-8 in human corneal epithelial cells, via dectin-1-mediated protein kinase c pathways. | to identify whether aspergillus fumigatus (a. fumigatus) hyphae antigens induced the release of interleukin-8 (il-8) in anti-fungal innate immunity of cultured human corneal epithelial cells (hcecs) and determine the involvement of intracellular signalling pathways. | 2015 | 26085988 |
| analytical comparison of in vitro-spiked human serum and plasma for pcr-based detection of aspergillus fumigatus dna: a study by the european aspergillus pcr initiative. | the use of serum or plasma for aspergillus pcr testing facilitates automated and standardized technology. recommendations for serum testing are available, and while serum and plasma are regularly considered interchangeable for use in fungal diagnostics, differences in galactomannan enzyme immunoassay (gm-eia) performance have been reported and are attributed to clot formation. therefore, it is important to assess plasma pcr testing to determine if previous recommendations for serum are applicabl ... | 2015 | 26085614 |
| first detection of aspergillus fumigatus azole-resistant strain due to cyp51a tr46/y121f/t289a in an azole-naive patient in spain. | we report the first isolation of a voriconazole-resistant aspergillus fumigatus strain harbouring the azole resistance mechanism tr46/y121f/t289a, recovered from an azole-naive patient in spain with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. this new finding in spain suggests the spread of this resistance mechanism and reinforces the need for antifungal susceptibility surveillance. | 2015 | 26082842 |
| genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of a superior biomass-degrading strain of a. fumigatus revealed active lignocellulose-degrading genes. | various saprotrophic microorganisms, especially filamentous fungi, can efficiently degrade lignocellulose that is one of the most abundant natural materials on earth. it consists of complex carbohydrates and aromatic polymers found in the plant cell wall and thus in plant debris. aspergillus fumigatus z5 was isolated from compost heaps and showed highly efficient plant biomass-degradation capability. | 2015 | 26076650 |
| deciphering chemokine properties by a hybrid agent-based model of aspergillus fumigatus infection in human alveoli. | the ubiquitous airborne fungal pathogen aspergillus fumigatus is inhaled by humans every day. in the lung, it is able to quickly adapt to the humid environment and, if not removed within a time frame of 4-8 h, the pathogen may cause damage by germination and invasive growth. applying a to-scale agent-based model of human alveoli to simulate early a. fumigatus infection under physiological conditions, we recently demonstrated that alveolar macrophages require chemotactic cues to accomplish the ta ... | 2015 | 26074897 |
| role of aspergillus fumigatus in triggering protease-activated receptor-2 in airway epithelial cells and skewing the cells toward a t-helper 2 bias. | aspergillus fumigatus (af) infection and sensitization are common and promote th2 disease in individuals with asthma. innate immune responses of bronchial epithelial cells are now known to play a key role in determination of t cell responses upon encounter with inhaled pathogens. we have recently shown that extracts of af suppress jak-stat signaling in epithelial cells and thus may promote th2 bias. to elucidate the impact of af on human bronchial epithelial cells, we tested the hypothesis that ... | 2016 | 26072921 |
| coccidioides endospores and spherules draw strong chemotactic, adhesive, and phagocytic responses by individual human neutrophils. | coccidioides spp. are dimorphic pathogenic fungi whose parasitic forms cause coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) in mammalian hosts. we use an innovative interdisciplinary approach to analyze one-on-one encounters between human neutrophils and two forms of coccidioides posadasii. to examine the mechanisms by which the innate immune system coordinates different stages of the host response to fungal pathogens, we dissect the immune-cell response into chemotaxis, adhesion, and phagocytosis. our singl ... | 2015 | 26070210 |
| synthesis, characterization and biological activity of schiff bases based on chitosan and arylpyrazole moiety. | the schiff bases of chitosan were synthesized by the reaction of chitosan with 3-(4-substituted-phenyl)-1-phenyl-1h-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde. the structure of the prepared chitosan derivatives was characterized by ft-ir spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and x-ray diffraction studies and thermogravimetric analysis (tg). the results show that the specific properties of schiff bases of chitosan can be altered by modifying the molecular structures with proper substituent groups.tg results reveal that ... | 2015 | 26067768 |
| an alternative host model of a mixed fungal infection by azole susceptible and resistant aspergillus spp strains. | aspergillus fumigatus is the most common mold involved in human infections. however, the number of non-fumigatus species able to cause disease is continuously increasing. among them, aspergillus lentulus is reported in hematological and cystic fibrosis patients and in those treated with corticosteroids. a. lentulus differs from a. fumigatus in some clinically relevant aspects such as virulence and antifungal susceptibility, showing high mics to most antifungals. previous studies proved that a. l ... | 2015 | 26065322 |
| a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of a standard voriconazole regimen in different cyp2c19 genotypes by monte carlo simulation. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the standard voriconazole dosage regimen (maintenance dose was 200 mg bid orally) against aspergillus infections in different cyp2c19 genotypes from a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) perspective. | 2015 | 26062298 |
| microbial ecology of a crewed rover traverse in the arctic: low microbial dispersal and implications for planetary protection on human mars missions. | between april 2009 and july 2011, the nasa haughton-mars project (hmp) led the northwest passage drive expedition (nwpdx), a multi-staged long-distance crewed rover traverse along the northwest passage in the arctic. in april 2009, the hmp okarian rover was driven 496 km over sea ice along the northwest passage, from kugluktuk to cambridge bay, nunavut, canada. during the traverse, crew members collected samples from within the rover and from undisturbed snow-covered surfaces around the rover at ... | 2015 | 26060984 |
| structural insights into binding of the antifungal drug fluconazole to saccharomyces cerevisiae lanosterol 14α-demethylase. | infections by fungal pathogens such as candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus and their resistance to triazole drugs are major concerns. fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase belongs to the cyp51 class in the cytochrome p450 superfamily of enzymes. this monospanning bitopic membrane protein is involved in ergosterol biosynthesis and is the primary target of azole antifungal drugs, including fluconazole. the lack of high-resolution structural information for this drug target from fungal pathogens ... | 2015 | 26055382 |
| calcium-mediated induction of paradoxical growth following caspofungin treatment is associated with calcineurin activation and phosphorylation in aspergillus fumigatus. | the echinocandin antifungal drug caspofungin at high concentrations reverses the growth inhibition of aspergillus fumigatus, a phenomenon known as the "paradoxical effect," which is not consistently observed with other echinocandins (micafungin and anidulafungin). previous studies of a. fumigatus revealed the loss of the paradoxical effect following pharmacological or genetic inhibition of calcineurin, yet the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. here, we utilized a codon-optimized biolumi ... | 2015 | 26055379 |
| hitting the caspofungin salvage pathway of human-pathogenic fungi with the novel lasso peptide humidimycin (mdn-0010). | fungal infections have increased dramatically in the last 2 decades, and fighting infectious diseases requires innovative approaches such as the combination of two drugs acting on different targets or even targeting a salvage pathway of one of the drugs. the fungal cell wall biosynthesis is inhibited by the clinically used antifungal drug caspofungin. this antifungal activity has been found to be potentiated by humidimycin, a new natural product identified from the screening of a collection of 2 ... | 2015 | 26055366 |
| the aspergillus fumigatus septins play pleiotropic roles in septation, conidiation, and cell wall stress, but are dispensable for virulence. | septins are a conserved family of gtpases that regulate important cellular processes such as cell wall integrity, and septation in fungi. the requirement of septins for virulence has been demonstrated in the human pathogenic yeasts candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans, as well as the plant pathogen magnaporthe oryzae. aspergillus spp. contains five genes encoding for septins (aspa-e). while the importance of septins aspa, aspb, aspc, and aspe for growth and conidiation has been elucidate ... | 2015 | 26051489 |
| first determination of azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus strains carrying the tr34/l98h mutations in turkey. | aspergillus fumigatus is the most important etiological agent of invasive aspergillosis. recently, an increasing number of azole-resistant a. fumigatus isolates have been described in various countries. the prevalence of azole resistance was investigated in this study using our culture collection of a. fumigatus isolates collected between 1999 and 2012 from clinical specimens. seven hundred and forty-six a. fumigatus isolates, collected from 419 patients, were investigated. first, all isolates w ... | 2015 | 26048062 |
| the role of lox-1 in innate immunity to aspergillus fumigatus in corneal epithelial cells. | to determine the role of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (lox-1) in corneal epithelial cells exposed to fungus. | 2015 | 26047046 |
| acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis complicating allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: case report and systematic review. | aspergillus fumigatus can cause a variety of pulmonary syndromes including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa), chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (ipa). occurrence of ipa and abpa in the same patient is rare as the risk factors for abpa and ipa are different. we describe a 45-year-old male with abpa treated with oral methylprednisolone and itraconazole, who developed acute respiratory failure secondary to ipa, a month later. the patient subsequently ... | 2015 | 26045286 |
| an evaluation of antifungal agents for the treatment of fungal contamination in indoor air environments. | fungal contamination in indoor environments has been associated with adverse health effects for the inhabitants. remediation of fungal contamination requires removal of the fungi present and modifying the indoor environment to become less favourable to growth. this may include treatment of indoor environments with an antifungal agent to prevent future growth. however there are limited published data or advice on chemical agents suitable for indoor fungal remediation. the aim of this study was t ... | 2015 | 26042369 |
| lysophospholipids from the guangxi sponge spirastrella purpurea. | four known (1-4) and two new (5 and 6) lysophospholipids were isolated from the sponge spirastrella purpurea from weizhou island, guangxi autonomous region, china. the structures of the new compounds (5 and 6) were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic techniques, including 1d and 2d nmr ((1)h and (13)c nmr, (1)h-(1)h cosy, hsqc, and hmbc) as well as mass spectrometry and optical rotation experiments. the known compounds (1-4) were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data and specific ... | 2015 | 26037518 |
| genomic context of azole resistance mutations in aspergillus fumigatus determined using whole-genome sequencing. | a rapid and global emergence of azole resistance has been observed in the pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus over the past decade. the dominant resistance mechanism appears to be of environmental origin and involves mutations in the cyp51a gene, which encodes a protein targeted by triazole antifungal drugs. whole-genome sequencing (wgs) was performed for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis of 24 a. fumigatus isolates, including azole-resistant and susceptible clini ... | 2015 | 26037120 |
| the role of syk signaling in antifungal innate immunity of human corneal epithelial cells. | fungal keratitis is a kind of intractable and sight-threatening diseases. spleen-tyrosine kinase (syk) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, which plays an important role in the signaling pathway of the receptors. in the current study, we investigate the expression and function of syk in human corneal epithelial cells with aspergillus fumigatus (a. fumigatus) infection. | 2015 | 26036769 |
| proteomic analyses reveal the key roles of brla and abaa in biogenesis of gliotoxin in aspergillus fumigatus. | the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus primarily reproduces by forming a large number of asexual spores (conidia). sequential activation of the central regulators brla, abaa and weta is necessary for the fungus to undergo asexual development. in this study, to address the presumed roles of these key developmental regulators during proliferation of the fungus, we analyzed and compared the proteomes of vegetative cells of wild type (wt) and individual mutant strains. appro ... | 2015 | 26032501 |
| cytokines induce effector t-helper cells during invasive aspergillosis; what we have learned about t-helper cells? | invasive aspergillosis caused by aspergillus species (aspergillus fumigatus, a. flavus, and a. terreus) is life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. understanding the innate and adaptive immune response particularly t-helper cells (th-cells) against these aspergillus species and how the different sub-set of th-cells are regulated by differentiating cytokines at primary target organ site like lung, kidney and brain is of great significance to human health. this review focuses on ... | 2015 | 26029179 |
| the role of a phospholipase (pld) in virulence of purpureocillium lilacinum (paecilomyces lilacinum). | phospholipases are key enzymes in pathogenic fungi that cleave host phospholipids, resulting in membrane destabilization and host cell penetration. however, understanding the role of phospholipases on the virulence of the filamentous fungus purpureocillium lilacinum has been still rather limited. in this study, pld gene was characterized. it encodes the protein phospholipase d (pld) in p. lilacinum. this gene, 3303 bp open reading frame fragment (orf), encodes a protein of 1100 amino acids with ... | 2015 | 26026833 |
| triazole-resistant aspergillus fumigatus harbouring g54 mutation: is it de novo or environmentally acquired? | triazole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus develops in patients with chronic lung diseases receiving long-term azole therapy or by environmental selection of resistant a. fumigatus. here we report for the first time the isolation of triazole-resistant a. fumigatus (traf) harbouring the g54e mutation from environmental samples in india, romania and tanzania. this mutation in the cyp51a azole target gene of a. fumigatus is so far considered as de novo occurring in patients due to prolonged expos ... | 2015 | 27873672 |
| prospective evaluation of azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates in france. | several studies, especially in europe, have recently reported the emerging phenomenon of azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus, but very few data are available in france. our study aimed to determine the resistance prevalence in a. fumigatus isolates recovered from clinical samples over a 1-year period in two university hospital centers. | 2015 | 26026171 |
| polymorphonuclear neutrophils and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells inhibit natural killer cell activity toward aspergillus fumigatus. | invasive aspergillosis is a devastating infectious disease in immunocompromised patients. besides neutrophils and macrophages, natural killer (nk) cells have recently emerged as important players in immunity to this infection. it was shown that nk cells comprise an essential role in the clearance of aspergillus fumigatus (a. fumigatus) in neutropenic but not in nonneutropenic mice. however, the antifungal activity of nk cells and their regulation have not been fully characterized. in this study, ... | 2015 | 26026170 |
| hsp70 and the cochaperone stia (hop) orchestrate hsp90-mediated caspofungin tolerance in aspergillus fumigatus. | aspergillus fumigatus is the primary etiologic agent of invasive aspergillosis (ia), a major cause of death among immunosuppressed patients. echinocandins (e.g., caspofungin) are increasingly used as second-line therapy for ia, but their activity is only fungistatic. heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) was previously shown to trigger tolerance to caspofungin and the paradoxical effect (i.e., decreased efficacy of caspofungin at higher concentrations). here, we demonstrate the key role of another molec ... | 2015 | 26014950 |
| use of principal factor analysis to generate a corn silage fermentative quality index to rank well- or poorly preserved forages. | to investigate corn silage fermentative quality, a principal factor analysis was carried out on a database consisting of 196 corn silages sampled from the core, lateral and apical parts of silo feed-out face and characterised by 36 variables. eleven principal factor components (pcs) were retained and interpreted. two pcs were related to chemical and digestibility variables; four pcs were characterised by end-products associated with clostridia, heterolactic, homolactic or aerobic fermentations; ... | 2016 | 26010065 |
| epidemiological aspect and common bacterial and fungal isolates from suppurative corneal ulcer in mymensingh region. | this prospective study was done to find out the epidemiological factors of suppurative corneal ulcer and the common causative bacterial and fungal isolates from the, patients with suppurative corneal ulcer in secondary and tertiary level hospital at mymensingh region. a total 100 samples of corneal scrapings were collected purposively from clinically diagnosed suppurative corneal ulcer patients from march 18, 2012 to march 17, 2013. out of the total 100 samples, bacterial species were 29(29%) ca ... | 2015 | 26007250 |
| synthesis, in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and molecular modeling of potent anti-microbial agents with a combined pyrazole and thiophene pharmacophore. | ethyl 5-acetyl-4-methyl-2-(phenylamino)thiophene-3-carboxylate (2) and there derivatives 3a-c, 4, 6a-c and 9a-f were synthesized. the structure of compound 2 was deduced by 1h-nmr, 13c-nmr, ft-ir, ms, microanalysis, and single-crystal x-ray crystallography. the compound crystallized in the monoclinic system, with space group p21/c and cell coordinates a = 8.5752(16) å, b = 21.046(4) å, c = 8.2941(12) å, β = 101.131(6)°, v = 1468.7(4) å3, and z = 4. compounds 2, 3a-c, 4, 5a-c and 9a-f were subjec ... | 2015 | 26007175 |
| prevalence and mechanism of triazole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus in a referral chest hospital in delhi, india and an update of the situation in asia. | aspergillus fumigatus causes varied clinical syndromes ranging from colonization to deep infections. the mainstay of therapy of aspergillus diseases is triazoles but several studies globally highlighted variable prevalence of triazole resistance, which hampers the management of aspergillosis. we studied the prevalence of resistance in clinical a. fumigatus isolates during 4 years in a referral chest hospital in delhi, india and reviewed the scenario in asia and the middle east. aspergillus speci ... | 2015 | 26005442 |
| strain differences in the immune mechanisms of resistance of immunocompetent rats to pulmonary aspergillosis. | although the relevance of genetically-based variations in susceptibility to pulmonary aspergillosis was shown in immunocompromised mice and is indicated in humans, there is virtually no information concerning variations in antifungal immune responses in resistant individuals. we have shown recently the relevance of proinflammatory cytokine (interferon-γ/ifn-γ and interleukin-17/il-17) responses in resistance to sublethal aspergillus fumigatus infection of non-suppressed dark agouti (da) rats (st ... | 2015 | 26004347 |
| the clinical presentations of pulmonary aspergillosis in children with cystic fibrosis - preliminary report. | pulmonary aspergillosis is a very serious complication in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients due to the great variety of its clinical presentations and the fact that it worsens the prognosis. we can distinguish the following: aspergillus colonization (ac), aspergillus infection (ai) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa). aspergillus colonization (ac) is defined as isolation of aspergillus spp. from 50% ormore sputum samples over six months to one year without observing deterioration in l ... | 2015 | 26003072 |
| a facile synthesis of novel miconazole analogues and the evaluation of their antifungal activity. | four novel miconazole analogues (8-11) were synthetized and evaluated for activity against four filamentous fungi (mucor hiemalis, aspergillus fumigatus, trichosporon cutaneum, and rhizopus oryzae) and eight species of candida as yeast specimens. compounds 9 and 10 showed very good activity when evaluated in yeast (mic 0.112 and 0.163 μg/ml) compared to the reference compound, itraconazole (mic 0.067 μg/ml). the best antifungal activity in filamentous strains was shown by compound 9. hence compo ... | 2015 | 25989345 |
| prospective multicenter international surveillance of azole resistance in aspergillus fumigatus. | to investigate azole resistance in clinical aspergillus isolates, we conducted prospective multicenter international surveillance. a total of 3,788 aspergillus isolates were screened in 22 centers from 19 countries. azole-resistant a. fumigatus was more frequently found (3.2% prevalence) than previously acknowledged, causing resistant invasive and noninvasive aspergillosis and severely compromising clinical use of azoles. | 2015 | 25988348 |
| nationwide surveillance of azole resistance in aspergillus diseases. | aspergillus disease affects a broad patient population, from patients with asthma to immunocompromised patients. azole resistance has been increasingly reported in both clinical and environmental aspergillus strains. the prevalence and clinical impact of azole resistance in different patient populations are currently unclear. this 1-year prospective multicenter cohort study aimed to provide detailed epidemiological data on aspergillus resistance among patients with aspergillus disease in belgium ... | 2015 | 25987612 |
| cyp2c19*17 genetic polymorphism--an uncommon cause of voriconazole treatment failure. | we describe an immunosuppressed, 48-year-old male, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with severe graft-versus-host disease who developed invasive pulmonary aspergillus fumigatus infection 6 months after transplant. his lack of response to voriconazole and undetectable serum trough levels of the drug led us to establish that he had the uncommon cytochrome p450, cyp2c19*17 allele, which leads to a rapid metabolism of voriconazole but not of the other azole antifungals. we dis ... | 2015 | 25986028 |
| bio-harvesting and pyrolysis of the microalgae botryococcus braunii. | the microalgae botryococcus braunii is widely recognized as a potentially important biofuel-feedstock whose commercial exploitation is limited by difficulties with its cultivation and harvesting. in this study, two b. braunii strains, kossou-4 and overjuyo-3 were successfully cultured at a 500 l-scale for 60-days. harvesting by bio-flocculation with aspergillus fumigatus at an optimum ratio of 1:40 of fungus to microalgal culture resulted in up to 98% recovery of biomass in the two strains. ulti ... | 2015 | 25983230 |
| gliotoxin production by aspergillus fumigatus strains from animal environment. micro-analytical sample treatment combined with a lc-ms/ms method for gliotoxin determination. | in this study, gliotoxin production by aspergillus fumigatus strains from animal environment is studied. moreover, a rapid, easy and environment-friendly micro-analytical sample treatment procedure coupled with lc-ms/ms was applied for the determination of gliotoxin from a. fumigatus cultures. the ability of gliotoxin production by 143 strains was assayed in yeast extract sucrose agar, and 1 ml of chloroform was used for toxin extraction without further clean-up. mean recoveries at two spiking l ... | 2015 | 25982450 |
| tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) regulates midline-1, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, inflammation, and remodeling in experimental eosinophilic esophagitis. | eosinophilic esophagitis (eoe) is an inflammatory disorder of the esophagus defined by eosinophil infiltration and tissue remodeling with resulting symptoms of esophageal dysfunction. tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) promotes inflammation through upregulation of the e3 ubiquitin-ligase midline-1 (mid1), which binds to and deactivates the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2ac, resulting in increased nuclear factor κb activation. | 2015 | 25981737 |
| prior in vitro exposure to voriconazole confers resistance to amphotericin b in aspergillus fumigatus biofilms. | triazoles are the mainstay of treatment for aspergillosis, although resistance to these antifungal agents may be associated with treatment failure. refractory infections often necessitate a switch to other antifungal agents, including amphotericin b (amb), although these infections may not resolve. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior azole exposure on amb sensitivity in aspergillus fumigatus biofilms. it was hypothesised that sequential antifungal therapy has the potenti ... | 2015 | 25979638 |
| evolution of fungal populations in corn silage conserved under polyethylene or biodegradable films. | to identify cultivable filamentous fungi before ensiling, after silage conservation, in farm-silos covered with two different plastic films (polyethylene (pe) vs biodegradable (mb)), as well as after aerobic exposure of whole-crop corn silage. | 2015 | 25976243 |
| photodynamic activity of nanostructured fabrics grafted with xanthene and thiazine dyes against opportunistic fungi. | fungi are an important class of human pathogens for which considerable research has gone into defeating them. the photodynamic effects of rose bengal (rb), phloxine b (pb), azure a (aa), and toluidine blue o (tbo) dyes to inhibit aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, penicillium funiculosum, and chaetomium globosum were investigated grafted to nano- and micro-structured fabrics. three antifungal tests conducted: broth microdilution test of free dyes, zone of inhibition an ... | 2015 | 25972050 |