| expression and purification of soluble hiv-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 mutant from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | here we report the expression of hiv-1 gp160 and its mutated proteins in saccharomyces cerevisiae. two strong hydrophobic regions, aa 511-537 and aa 679-703, were predicted by gcg wisconsin package software and removed to investigate the solubility of the mutated gp160 (gp160delta12). the results showed that gp160delta12 assumes high solubility as to be present in supernatant of cell lysate exclusively. the mutant exists as trimeric form in solutions via some inter-molecule disulfide bonds, whic ... | 2009 | 19577184 |
| wdr5, a complexed protein. | | 2009 | 19578375 |
| thermodynamic description of polymorphism in q- and n-rich peptide aggregates revealed by atomistic simulation. | amyloid fibrils are long, helically symmetric protein aggregates that can display substantial variation (polymorphism), including alterations in twist and structure at the beta-strand and protofilament levels, even when grown under the same experimental conditions. the structural and thermodynamic origins of this behavior are not yet understood. we performed molecular-dynamics simulations to determine the thermodynamic properties of different polymorphs of the peptide gnnqqny, modeling fibrils c ... | 2009 | 19580739 |
| the functional expression of toxic genes: lessons learned from molecular cloning of cch1, a high-affinity ca2+ channel. | some genes cannot be cloned by conventional methods because in most cases the genes or gene products are toxic to escherichia coli. cch1 is a high-affinity ca(2+) channel present in the plasma membrane of cryptococcus neoformans and other fungi. like many toxic genes, the molecular cloning of cch1 has been a major challenge; consequently, direct studies of cch1 channel activity in heterologous expression systems have been impossible. we have devised a straightforward approach that resulted in th ... | 2009 | 19580778 |
| functional analyses of immediate early gene etr101 expressed in yeast. | etr101, a human homolog of rat pip92, is a cellular immediate early gene induced by extracellular stimuli such as serum growth factors. etr101 encodes a short-lived, proline-rich protein (etr101) exhibiting no significant sequence similarity to any other known protein, and little is known about its function. we investigated the functioning of etr101 as a transcriptional activator for the gene isyna1, which encodes human inositol 1-phosphate synthase. we constructed a yeast strain in which the ch ... | 2009 | 19584537 |
| nonconformity in ubiquitin compliance. | | 2009 | 19587678 |
| genome-wide analysis predicts dna structural motifs as nucleosome exclusion signals. | several factors are known to determine chromatin organization. however, the role of non-canonical dna structure has not been studied in this context. our recent observations indicated a widespread role of a particular non-canonical dna structure, the g-quadruplex, or g4 motifs, in gene regulation. herein, we first analyzed potential g4 (pg4) motif occurrence vis-à-vis nucleosome occupancy signals. genome-wide analysis using reported nucleosome positions in saccharomyces cerevisiae and human (enc ... | 2009 | 19587895 |
| g-domain dimerization orchestrates the trna wobble modification reaction in the mnme/gida complex. | mnme and gida are involved in the modification of wobble uridine to carboxymethylaminomethyl uridine in certain trnas. malfunctioning of the human orthologs has been implicated in mitochondrial diseases. mnme is a conserved g protein activated by dimerization. here, we show that complex formation between mnme and gida involves large conformational changes that induce g-domain dimerization of mmne and that gida co-stimulates gtp hydrolysis on mnme. starting from a structural model of the complex, ... | 2009 | 19591841 |
| coordination of structure-specific nucleases by human slx4/btbd12 is required for dna repair. | budding yeast slx4 interacts with the structure-specific endonuclease slx1 to ensure completion of ribosomal dna replication. slx4 also interacts with the rad1-rad10 endonuclease to control cleavage of 3' flaps during repair of double-strand breaks (dsbs). here we describe the identification of human slx4, a scaffold for dna repair nucleases xpf-ercc1, mus81-eme1, and slx1. slx4 immunoprecipitates show slx1-dependent nuclease activity toward holliday junctions and mus81-dependent activity toward ... | 2009 | 19595721 |
| atg101, a novel mammalian autophagy protein interacting with atg13. | autophagy is a major route by which cytoplasmic contents are delivered to the lysosome for degradation. many autophagy-related (atg) genes have been identified in yeast. although most of them are conserved in human, the molecular composition of the atg1 complex appears to differ between yeast and mammals. in yeast, atg1 forms a complex with atg11, atg13, atg17, atg29 and atg31, whereas mammalian atg1 (ulk1/2) interacts with atg13 and fip200. here, we identify a novel mammalian atg13 binding prot ... | 2009 | 19597335 |
| yersinia outer protein yope affects the actin cytoskeleton in dictyostelium discoideum through targeting of multiple rho family gtpases. | all human pathogenic yersinia species share a virulence-associated type iii secretion system that translocates yersinia effector proteins into host cells to counteract infection-induced signaling responses and prevent phagocytosis. dictyostelium discoideum has been recently used to study the effects of bacterial virulence factors produced by internalized pathogens. in this study we explored the potential of dictyostelium as model organism for analyzing the effects of ectopically expressed yersin ... | 2009 | 19602247 |
| heat shock protein 70-mediated sensitization of cells to apoptosis by carboxyl-terminal modulator protein. | the serine/threonine protein kinase b (pkb/akt) is involved in insulin signaling, cellular survival, and transformation. carboxyl-terminal modulator protein (ctmp) has been identified as a novel pkb binding partner in a yeast two-hybrid screen, and appears to be a negative pkb regulator with tumor suppressor-like properties. in the present study we investigate novel mechanisms by which ctmp plays a role in apoptosis process. | 2009 | 19604401 |
| a novel human tectonin protein with multivalent beta-propeller folds interacts with ficolin and binds bacterial lps. | although the human genome database has been completed a decade ago, approximately 50% of the proteome remains hypothetical as their functions are unknown. the elucidation of the functions of these hypothetical proteins can lead to additional protein pathways and revelation of new cascades. however, many of these inferences are limited to proteins with substantial sequence similarity. of particular interest here is the tectonin domain-containing family of proteins. | 2009 | 19606221 |
| ankrd1, the gene encoding cardiac ankyrin repeat protein, is a novel dilated cardiomyopathy gene. | we evaluated ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ankrd1), the gene encoding cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp), as a novel candidate gene for dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) through mutation analysis of a cohort of familial or idiopathic dcm patients, based on the hypothesis that inherited dysfunction of mechanical stretch-based signaling is present in a subset of dcm patients. | 2009 | 19608030 |
| a comparative genomic analysis of calcium and proton signaling/homeostasis in aspergillus species. | a large number of proteins involved in calcium and intracellular ph signaling and homeostasis have previously been discovered and characterized in saccharomyces cerevisiae, homo sapiens and arabidopsis thaliana,but relatively few have been identified in aspergillus species. the aim of this study was to identify proteins regulating the intracellular concentration of calcium ions and protons in aspergillus spp. and compare these with other fungi. for aspergillus spp. we identified 46, 97 and 105 p ... | 2009 | 19610176 |
| role for chitin and chitooligomers in the capsular architecture of cryptococcus neoformans. | molecules composed of beta-1,4-linked n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and deacetylated glucosamine units play key roles as surface constituents of the human pathogenic fungus cryptococcus neoformans. glcnac is the monomeric unit of chitin and chitooligomers, which participate in the connection of capsular polysaccharides to the cryptococcal cell wall. in the present study, we evaluated the role of glcnac-containing structures in the assembly of the cryptococcal capsule. the in vivo expression of ch ... | 2009 | 19617395 |
| the human dcn1-like protein dcnl3 promotes cul3 neddylation at membranes. | cullin (cul)-based e3 ubiquitin ligases are activated through the attachment of nedd8 to the cul protein. in yeast, dcn1 (defective in cul neddylation 1 protein) functions as a scaffold-like nedd8 e3-ligase by interacting with its cul substrates and the nedd8 e2 ubc12. human cells express 5 dcn1-like (dcnl) proteins each containing a c-terminal potentiating neddylation domain but distinct amino-terminal extensions. although the uba-containing dcnl1 and dcnl2 are likely functional homologues of y ... | 2009 | 19617556 |
| from bacteria to plants: a compendium of mismatch repair assays. | mismatch repair (mmr) system maintains genome integrity by correcting mispaired or unpaired bases which have escaped the proofreading activity of dna polymerases. the basic features of the pathway have been highly conserved throughout evolution, although the nature and number of the proteins involved in the mechanism vary from prokaryotes to eukaryotes and even between humans and plants. cells deficient in mmr genes have been observed to display a mutator phenotype characterized by an increased ... | 2009 | 19622396 |
| candidacidal activity of synthetic peptides based on the antimicrobial domain of the neutrophil-derived protein, cap37. | the primary bactericidal domain of cap37, a cationic antimicrobial protein with potent activity against gram-negative organisms was previously shown to reside between amino acids 20 through 44 (nqgrhfcggaliharfvmtaascfq) of the native protein. in this study, we explored the efficacy of four synthetic cap37 peptide analogs, based on this sequence, against various candida species including fluconazole-sensitive and -resistant isolates of c. albicans. three of the peptides demonstrated strong antif ... | 2010 | 19626550 |
| capillary electromigration separation of proteins and microorganisms dynamically modified by chromophoric nonionogenic surfactant. | a chromophoric nonionogenic surfactant poly(ethylene glycol) 3-(2-hydroxy-5-n-octylphenylazo)-benzoate, hopab, has been prepared and used as a buffer additive for a dynamic modification of proteins and/or microorganisms including escherichia coli , staphylococcus epidermidis (biofilm-positive and biofilm-negative), and the strains of yeast cells candida albicans and candida parapsilosis (biofilm-positive and biofilm-negative) during a capillary electrophoresis and a capillary isoelectric focusin ... | 2009 | 19627124 |
| sdh5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma. | mammalian mitochondria contain about 1100 proteins, nearly 300 of which are uncharacterized. given the well-established role of mitochondrial defects in human disease, functional characterization of these proteins may shed new light on disease mechanisms. starting with yeast as a model system, we investigated an uncharacterized but highly conserved mitochondrial protein (named here sdh5). both yeast and human sdh5 interact with the catalytic subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase (sdh) complex, ... | 2009 | 19628817 |
| molecular epidemiology of isolates of the cryptococcus neoformans species complex from spain. | to study genetic diversity of cryptococcus neoformans species complex in spain, 97 isolates of the yeast recovered from human, animal and environmental samples have been analysed using three molecular epidemiological techniques. one of these, ura5 gene fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis, has been previously described as a molecular epidemiology tool. thus, standard profiles and reference strains have been defined for it. in addition, 5s rdna/igs rflp and [gaca](4) microsatellite pcr fi ... | 2009 | 19631160 |
| a genome-wide screen in saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals pathways affected by arsenic toxicity. | we have used saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify toxicologically important proteins and pathways involved in arsenic-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity in humans. we performed a systemic screen of the complete set of 4733 haploid s. cerevisiae single-gene-deletion mutants to identify those that have decreased or increased growth, relative to wild type, after exposure to sodium arsenite (naaso(2)). ic(50) values for all mutants were determined to further validate our results. ultimately we ide ... | 2009 | 19631266 |
| cip4 is a new argbp2 interacting protein that modulates the argbp2 mediated control of wave1 phosphorylation and cancer cell migration. | argbp2 is a multi-adapter protein involved in signal transduction associated to the cytoskeleton and was shown to regulate the migration and adhesion of pancreatic cancer cells thereby modulating their tumorigenicity. here we describe the interaction of argbp2 with cip4, a new associated protein identified by yeast two-hybrid. we found that both proteins modulated their reciprocal tyrosine phosphorylation catalyzed by the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-abl. we observed that, like argbp2, cip4 di ... | 2010 | 19631450 |
| mining gene functional networks to improve mass-spectrometry-based protein identification. | motivation: high-throughput protein identification experiments based on tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) often suffer from low sensitivity and low-confidence protein identifications. in a typical shotgun proteomics experiment, it is assumed that all proteins are equally likely to be present. however, there is often other evidence to suggest that a protein is present and confidence in individual protein identification can be updated accordingly. results: we develop a method that analyzes ms/ms ex ... | 2009 | 19633097 |
| assembly of an export-competent mrnp is needed for efficient release of the 3'-end processing complex after polyadenylation. | before polyadenylated mrna is exported from the nucleus, the 3'-end processing complex is removed by a poorly described mechanism. in this study, we asked whether factors involved in mrnp maturation and export are also required for disassembly of the cleavage and polyadenylation complex. an rna immunoprecipitation assay monitoring the amount of the cleavage factor (cf) ia component rna15p associated with poly(a)(+) rna reveals defective removal of rna15p in mutants of the nuclear export receptor ... | 2009 | 19635808 |
| autophagy pathway intersects with hiv-1 biosynthesis and regulates viral yields in macrophages. | autophagy is a cytoplasmic degradative pathway that can participate in biosynthetic processes, as in the yeast cvt pathway, but is more commonly known for its functions in removing damaged or surplus organelles and macromolecular complexes. here, we find that autophagy intersects with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) biogenesis, mirroring the above dichotomy. early, nondegradative stages of autophagy promoted hiv yields. hiv gag-derived proteins colocalized and interacted with the autophagy fa ... | 2009 | 19635843 |
| structural models of human eef1a1 and eef1a2 reveal two distinct surface clusters of sequence variation and potential differences in phosphorylation. | despite sharing 92% sequence identity, paralogous human translation elongation factor 1 alpha-1 (eef1a1) and elongation factor 1 alpha-2 (eef1a2) have different but overlapping functional profiles. this may reflect the differential requirements of the cell-types in which they are expressed and is consistent with complex roles for these proteins that extend beyond delivery of trna to the ribosome. | 2009 | 19636410 |
| il-18 skews the invariant nkt-cell population via autoreactive activation in atopic eczema. | atopic eczema (ae) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease where the commensal yeast malassezia can act as a microbial trigger factor. malassezia activates human dc to produce il-18, an innate cytokine that is elevated in serum of ae patients; however, the precise role of il-18 in human ae etiology is unknown. herein, we investigated the effect of il-18 on the human invariant nkt (inkt) cell compartment in ae. we found that il-18 was a potent activator of human inkt-cells and promoted a ... | 2009 | 19637196 |
| comparative analysis reveals conserved protein phosphorylation networks implicated in multiple diseases. | protein kinases enable cellular information processing. although numerous human phosphorylation sites and their dynamics have been characterized, the evolutionary history and physiological importance of many signaling events remain unknown. using target phosphoproteomes determined with a similar experimental and computational pipeline, we investigated the conservation of human phosphorylation events in distantly related model organisms (fly, worm, and yeast). with a sequence-alignment approach, ... | 2009 | 19638616 |
| slitrk1 binds 14-3-3 and regulates neurite outgrowth in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. | rare genetic variants of slitrk1 have been previously associated with tourette syndrome (ts), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) symptoms. | 2009 | 19640509 |
| sirtuin 1 overexpression mice show a reference memory deficit, but not neuroprotection. | sirtuin 1 (sirt1) is the closest mammalian homologue of yeast silent information regulator 2 (sir2) and has a role in lifespan modulation. reportedly, sirt1 is also linked to neurodegenerative diseases. however, there are limited studies that report the relation between sirt1 and neurodegenerative diseases using in vivo transgenic (tg) methods. in the present study, we generated neuron-specific enolase (nse) sirt1 tg mice that overexpress human sirt1 in neurons. we examined possible neuroprotect ... | 2009 | 19643082 |
| molecular and functional characterisation of the heat shock protein 10 of strongyloides ratti. | strongyloides stercoralis and s. ratti are intestinal parasitic nematodes infecting rats and humans, respectively. both present extraordinary life cycles comprising a free-living generation in addition to parasitic stages. in search of molecules possibly involved in parasite-host interaction, we performed mass spectrometry to identify excretory/secretory products of s. ratti. amongst others we detected homologs of the heat shock proteins hsp10 and hsp60 (sr-hsp10 and sr-hsp60). hsps are well kno ... | 2009 | 19643150 |
| hipk1 interacts with c-myb and modulates its activity through phosphorylation. | the transcription factor v-myb is a potent inducer of myeloid leukaemias, and its cellular homologue c-myb plays a crucial role in the regulation of haematopoiesis. in a yeast two-hybrid (y2h) screening we identified the nuclear kinase hipk1 as an interaction partner for human c-myb. the interaction involves a c-terminal region of hipk1, while a bipartite interaction surface was identified in c-myb, including regions in its n-terminal dna-binding domain as well as in its c-terminal region. hipk1 ... | 2009 | 19646965 |
| recent advances in understanding proteasome function. | the proteasome is present in all cells, from yeast to man, where it is central to the proteolytic degradation of the vast majority of intracellular proteins. as such, many groups have examined the role of the proteasome with respect to their own specific protein(s) of interest. consequently, literally hundreds of papers have flooded the literature. our current review is restricted to selective proteins that play critical roles in particular disease states where major advances have been made sinc ... | 1999 | 19649975 |
| structural basis for a human glycosylation disorder caused by mutation of the cog4 gene. | the proper glycosylation of proteins trafficking through the golgi apparatus depends upon the conserved oligomeric golgi (cog) complex. defects in cog can cause fatal congenital disorders of glycosylation (cdgs) in humans. the recent discovery of a form of cdg, caused in part by a cog4 missense mutation changing arg 729 to trp, prompted us to determine the 1.9 a crystal structure of a cog4 c-terminal fragment. arg 729 is found to occupy a key position at the center of a salt bridge network, ther ... | 2009 | 19651599 |
| the e3 ubiquitin ligase teb4 mediates degradation of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase. | the endoplasmic reticulum resident thyroid hormone-activating type 2 deiodinase (d2) is inactivated by ubiquitination via the hedgehog-inducible wsb-1. ubiquitinated d2 can then be subsequently taken up by the proteasomal system or be reactivated by usp-33/20-mediated deubiquitination. given that heterologously expressed d2 accumulates in saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the e3 ligase doa10, we tested whether the human doa10 ortholog, teb4, plays a role in d2 ubiquitination and degradation. in a ... | 2009 | 19651899 |
| the 19s proteasome positively regulates histone methylation at cytokine inducible genes. | studies indicate that the 19s proteasome functions in the epigenetic regulation of transcription. we have shown that as in yeast, components of the 19s proteasome are crucial for regulating inducible histone acetylation events in mammalian cells. the 19s atpase sug1 binds to histone acetyltransferases and to acetylated histone h3 and, in the absence of sug1, histone h3 acetylation is dramatically decreased at mammalian promoters. research in yeast further indicates that the ortholog of sug1, rpt ... | 2009 | 19660582 |
| emerging roles of mitochondrial proteases in neurodegeneration. | fine tuning of integrated mitochondrial functions is essential in neurons and rationalizes why mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important pathogenic role in neurodegeneration. mitochondria can contribute to neuronal cell death and axonal dysfunction through a plethora of mechanisms, including low atp levels, increased reactive oxygen species, defective calcium regulation, and impairment of dynamics and transport. recently, mitochondrial proteases in the inner mitochondrial membrane have emerge ... | 2010 | 19664590 |
| lectin-like erad players in er and cytosol. | protein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) is an elaborate process conserved from yeast to mammals, ensuring that only newly synthesized proteins with correct conformations in the er are sorted further into the secretory pathway. it is well known that high-mannose type n-glycans are involved in protein-folding events. in the quality control process, proteins that fail to achieve proper folding or proper assembly are degraded in a process known as er-associated degradation (erad). ... | 2010 | 19665047 |
| candida albicans hyphal formation and virulence assessed using a caenorhabditis elegans infection model. | candida albicans colonizes the human gastrointestinal tract and can cause life-threatening systemic infection in susceptible hosts. we study here c. albicans virulence determinants using the nematode caenorhabditis elegans in a pathogenesis system that models candidiasis. the yeast form of c. albicans is ingested into the c. elegans digestive tract. in liquid media, the yeast cells then undergo morphological change to form hyphae, which results in aggressive tissue destruction and death of the n ... | 2009 | 19666778 |
| alistipes indistinctus sp. nov. and odoribacter laneus sp. nov., common members of the human intestinal microbiota isolated from faeces. | two anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, gram-negative-staining bacteria, strains yit 12060(t) and yit 12061(t), were isolated from human faeces. cells of strain yit 12060(t) were coccoid to rod-shaped with round ends, positive for catalase, negative for indole and oxidase production, produced succinic and acetic acids as end products of glucose metabolism in peptone/yeast extract/glucose medium and had a dna g+c content of 55.2 mol%. the main respiratory quinones were mk-10 (40%) and mk-11 ... | 2010 | 19667375 |
| enhanced protein secretion from multiprotease-deficient fission yeast by modification of its vacuolar protein sorting pathway. | previously, we achieved approximately 30-fold enhanced secretion of the protease-sensitive model protein human growth hormone (hgh) by multiple gene deletion of seven obstructive proteases in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. however, intracellular retention of secretory hgh was found in the resultant multiprotease-deficient strains. as a solution, genetic modification of the intracellular trafficking pathway that is related to intracellular retention of hgh was attempted on a proteas ... | 2010 | 19669754 |
| optineurin and its mutants: molecules associated with some forms of glaucoma. | optineurin is a gene (optn) associated with normal-tension glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma. the aim of our study is to understand the functions of the protein optineurin in retinal ganglion cells, and the modifications that come about in its functions when mutations occur in its sequence. | 2009 | 19672125 |
| calcium homeostasis and signaling in yeast cells and cardiac myocytes. | calcium ions are the most ubiquitous and versatile signaling molecules in eukaryotic cells. calcium homeostasis and signaling systems are crucial for both the normal growth of the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and the intricate working of the mammalian heart. in this paper, we make a detailed comparison between the calcium homeostasis/signaling networks in yeast cells and those in mammalian cardiac myocytes. this comparison covers not only the components, structure and function of the n ... | 2009 | 19678847 |
| effects of antifungal agents in sap activity of candida albicans isolates. | some antifungal agents have shown to exert effects on expression of virulent factors of candida as the production of secretory aspartyl proteinase (sap). in this study, we sought to determine and to compare the influence of fluconazole and voriconazole in proteinase activity of this microorganism. thirty-one isolates obtained from oral mucosa of human immunodeficiency virus positive (hiv) patients were used in this study. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of fluconazole and voriconazol ... | 2010 | 19685156 |
| decreased expression of germinal center-associated nuclear protein is involved in chromosomal instability in malignant gliomas. | malignant glioma (mg) is highly proliferative and invasive, with the malignant characteristics associated with aneuploidy and chromosomal instability (cin). here, we found that the level of germinal center-associated nuclear protein (ganp), a mammalian homologue of yeast sac3, was markedly decreased in mgs with a poor prognosis; and thus we explored the effect of its decrease on cell-cycle progression of mg cell lines. glioblastomas showed a significantly lower level of ganp mrna than anaplastic ... | 2009 | 19686285 |
| structure and function of the escrt-ii-iii interface in multivesicular body biogenesis. | the escrt-ii-escrt-iii interaction coordinates the sorting of ubiquitinated cargo with the budding and scission of intralumenal vesicles into multivesicular bodies. the interacting regions of these complexes were mapped to the second winged helix domain of human escrt-ii subunit vps25 and the first helix of escrt-iii subunit vps20. the crystal structure of this complex was determined at 2.0 a resolution. residues involved in structural interactions explain the specificity of escrt-ii for vps20, ... | 2009 | 19686684 |
| limited role for the bilirubin-biliverdin redox amplification cycle in the cellular antioxidant protection by biliverdin reductase. | in mammalian cells, heme is degraded by heme oxygenase to biliverdin, which is then reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase (bvr). both bile pigments have reducing properties, and bilirubin is now generally considered to be a potent antioxidant, yet it remains unclear how it protects cells against oxidative damage. a presently popular explanation for the antioxidant function of bilirubin is a redox cycle in which bilirubin is oxidized to biliverdin and then recycled by bvr. here, we reexami ... | 2009 | 19690164 |
| human smad4 is phosphorylated at thr9 and ser138 by interacting with nlk. | smads are important intracellular effectors in signaling pathways of the transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta). receptor-activated smads combine with a common smad4 to translocate into the nucleus where they cooperate with other transcription factors to activate or repress transcription. smad4 is an important tumor suppressor gene. smad4 has been shown to be constitutively phosphorylated, but the kinase that performs this phosphorylation is unknown. in this study, smad4 was identified to in ... | 2010 | 19690946 |
| [maintenance of genome stability though ubc13-dependent ubiquitination]. | | 2009 | 19697864 |
| gpr50 interacts with neuronal nogo-a and affects neurite outgrowth. | g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) form a link between the cell and their environment when signalling pathways are activated upon ligand binding. however, the ligands and functions for many gpcrs remain to be determined. we sought to understand the function of one such orphan, g protein-coupled receptor 50 (gpr50), through identification of protein interactors. gpr50 was previously discovered as a candidate gene for psychiatric illness and lipid metabolism. here, we identified neurite outgrowth ... | 2009 | 19699797 |
| synthesis, raman, ft-ir, nmr spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and dna binding of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic compounds. | series of new mixed aza-oxo-thia macrocyclic ligands 1,9(2,6)-ditriazina-2,8,10,16-tetraaza-3,7,11,15-tetraoxo-5,13-dithia-cyclohexadecaphan-1(4),9(4)-diphenyl (l(1)); 1,10(2,6)-ditri azina-2,9,11,18-tetraaza-3,8,12,17-tetraoxo-5,6,14,15-tetrathia-cyclooctadecaphan-1(4),10(4)-diphenyl (l(2)); 1,11(2,6)-ditriazina-2,10,12,20-tetraaza-3,9,13,19-tetraoxo-6,16-dithia-cyclocosa-phan-1(4),11(4)-diphenyl (l(3)); 1,12(2,6)-ditriazina-2,11,13,22-tetraaza-3,10,14,21-tetraoxo-6,7,17,18-tetrathia-cyclodocos ... | 2009 | 19700225 |
| human pif1 helicase unwinds synthetic dna structures resembling stalled dna replication forks. | pif-1 proteins are 5'-->3' superfamily 1 (sf1) helicases that in yeast have roles in the maintenance of mitochondrial and nuclear genome stability. the functions and activities of the human enzyme (hpif1) are unclear, but here we describe its dna binding and dna remodeling activities. we demonstrate that hpif1 specifically recognizes and unwinds dna structures resembling putative stalled replication forks. notably, the enzyme requires both arms of the replication fork-like structure to initiate ... | 2009 | 19700773 |
| the localization of the golgin gcc185 is independent of rab6a/a' and arl1. | mammalian golgins of the trans-golgi network (tgn) are small g protein effectors that are required for membrane transport and contain a golgi targeting c-terminal grip domain. the localization of two tgn golgins, p230/golgin-245 and golgin-97, is mediated by the small gtpase arl1, whereas recruitment of the tgn golgin gcc185 is controversial. recently, gcc185 was proposed to localize to the golgi by the co-operation of two small gtpases, rab6a/a' and arl1 (burguete et al., 2008), a model based p ... | 2009 | 19703403 |
| nascent: an automatic protein interaction network generation tool for non-model organisms. | large quantity of reliable protein interaction data are available for model organisms in public depositories (e.g., mint, dip, hprd, interact). most data correspond to experiments with the proteins of saccharomyces cerevisiae, drosophila melanogaster, homo sapiens, caenorhabditis elegans, escherichia coli and mus musculus. for other important organisms the data availability is poor or non-existent. here we present nascent, a completely automatic web-based tool and also a downloadable java progra ... | 2009 | 19707301 |
| the ccr4-not complex physically and functionally interacts with tramp and the nuclear exosome. | ccr4-not is a highly conserved multi-protein complex consisting in yeast of 9 subunits, including not5 and the major yeast deadenylase ccr4. it has been connected functionally in the nucleus to transcription by rna polymerase ii and in the cytoplasm to mrna degradation. however, there has been no evidence so far that this complex is important for rna degradation in the nucleus. | 2009 | 19707589 |
| the redox-sensing quinone reductase lot6p acts as an inducer of yeast apoptosis. | mammalian nad(p)h:quinone oxidoreductases such as human nqo1 act as inducers of apoptosis. quinone reductases generated interest over the last decade due to their proposed function in the oxidative stress response. furthermore, human nqo1 was reported to regulate p53 stability and p53-dependent apoptosis through regulation of cellular oxidation-reduction events. in this study, we have used low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0.4 and 0.6 mm) to induce apoptosis-like cell death in wild type, ... | 2009 | 19709309 |
| yeast genome analysis identifies chromosomal translocation, gene conversion events and several sites of ty element insertion. | paired end mapping of chromosomal fragments has been used in human cells to identify numerous structural variations in chromosomes of individuals and of cancer cell lines; however, the molecular, biological and bioinformatics methods for this technology are still in development. here, we present a parallel bioinformatics approach to analyze chromosomal paired-end tag (chrompet) sequence data and demonstrate its application in identifying gene rearrangements in the model organism saccharomyces ce ... | 2009 | 19710036 |
| discovery of chemical modulators of a conserved translational control pathway by parallel screening in yeast. | eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eif2) b is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that plays a central role in translation initiation and its control, especially in response to diverse cellular stresses. in addition, inherited mutations in human eif2b subunits cause a fatal brain disorder commonly called childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination or leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter. in yeast, inhibiting activity of eif2b up-regulates expression of the transcription ... | 2009 | 19715453 |
| streptococcus mutans competence-stimulating peptide inhibits candida albicans hypha formation. | the oral cavity is colonized by microorganisms growing in biofilms in which interspecies interactions take place. streptococcus mutans grows in biofilms on enamel surfaces and is considered one of the main etiological agents of human dental caries. candida albicans is also commonly found in the human oral cavity, where it interacts with s. mutans. c. albicans is a polymorphic fungus, and the yeast-to-hypha transition is involved in virulence and biofilm formation. the aim of this study was to in ... | 2009 | 19717744 |
| rna-based computation in live cells. | man-made molecular 'computers' that operate inside live cells will enable unprecedented level of control over cellular physiology. a promising approach to building these computers uses rna molecules and rna-based regulation. rna naturally lends itself to create 'digital' molecular networks that embody standardized (normal) forms of logic functions. the network's inputs, that may or may not be inverted by single-input not logic gates, feed into multi-input and gates whose outputs are in turn inte ... | 2009 | 19720518 |
| ambisome and amphotericin b inhibit the initial adherence of candida albicans to human epithelial cell lines, but do not cause yeast detachment. | candida biofilms with reduced susceptibility to conventional antifungals are sensitive to lipid formulations of amphotericin b (amb). we examined the effect of the liposomal amb formulation, ambisome, and free amb on the adherence of c. albicans to hela cervical carcinoma and hsc-3 oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. | 2009 | 19721394 |
| biochemical characterisation of the swi/snf family member hltf. | hltf is highly similar in domain organisation to yeast rad5. we identify ptip and rpa70, both involved in dna replication and dna repair, as hltf-interacting proteins although cells depleted of hltf did not show defects in cellular responses to dna damage. in vitro, hltf has atpase activity and e3 ubiquitin ligase activity with a range of e2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes. hltf expression is severely reduced in a range of cancer cells, and we suggest that the hltf antibodies generated in this stu ... | 2009 | 19723507 |
| establish a recombinant yeast detection system to study the effect of mip on transactivation function of hmaff in us2-driven gene transcription. | the human gene maff (hmaff) is a member of bzip transcription factor maf family, but it alone cannot activate its target genes. in 2006, a novel hmaff interacting protein (mip) was identified. transient transfection assay in hela cells suggested that co-expression of mip and hmaff could activate us2-driven transcription. in this work, we constructed a series of plasmids and transformed ym4271 yeast strain to establish a recombinant yeast detection system. in this system, mip's expression level c ... | 2009 | 19723544 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the ubiquitin-like (ubl) domain of the human homologue a of rad23 (hhr23a) protein. | human homologue a of rad23 (hhr23a) plays dual roles in dna repair as well as serving as a shuttle vehicle targeting polyubiquitinated proteins for degradation. its n-terminal ubiquitin-like (ubl) domain interacts with the 19s proteasomal cap and provides the docking mechanism for protein delivery. pyramidal crystals of the ubl domain of hhr23a were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method with ammonium sulfate as the crystallizing agent. the crystals diffracted to beyond 2 a resolut ... | 2009 | 19724136 |
| set domain group25 encodes a histone methyltransferase and is involved in flowering locus c activation and repression of flowering. | covalent modifications of histone lysine residues by methylation play key roles in the regulation of chromatin structure and function. in contrast to h3k9 and h3k27 methylations that mark repressive states of transcription and are absent in some lower eukaryotes, h3k4 and h3k36 methylations are considered as active marks of transcription and are highly conserved in all eukaryotes from yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) to homo sapiens. paradoxically, protein complexes catalyzing h3k4 and h3k36 met ... | 2009 | 19726574 |
| interaction of postsynaptic density protein-95 with nmda receptors influences excitotoxicity in the yeast artificial chromosome mouse model of huntington's disease. | evidence suggests that nmda-type glutamate receptors contribute to degeneration of striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (msns) in huntington's disease (hd). previously, we demonstrated that nmda receptor (nmdar)-mediated current and/or toxicity is increased in msns from the yeast artificial chromosome (yac) transgenic mouse model expressing polyglutamine (polyq)-expanded (mutant) full-length human huntingtin (htt). others have shown that membrane-associated guanylate kinases (maguks), such as psd ... | 2009 | 19726651 |
| identification of novel partner proteins of pcbp1. | pcbp1 is a family member of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnrnps) that belong to rna-binding proteins and bear three kh domains. the protein plays a pivotal role in post-transcriptional regulation for rna metabolism and rna function in gene expression. we hypothesized and were going to identify that the regulatory function of pcbp1 is performed through different complexes of proteins that include pcbp1. | 2009 | 19727228 |
| artisanal alcohol production in mayan guatemala: chemical safety evaluation with special regard to acetaldehyde contamination. | there is a lack of knowledge regarding the composition, production, distribution, and consumption of artisanal alcohol, particularly in the developing world. in nahualá, an indigenous mayan municipality located in highland guatemala, heavy alcohol consumption appears to have had a significant negative impact on health, a major role in cases of violence and domestic abuse, and a link to street habitation. cuxa, an artisanally, as well as commercially produced sugarcane alcohol, is widely consumed ... | 2009 | 19729189 |
| a non-canonical dna structure enables homologous recombination in various genetic systems. | homologous recombination, which is critical to genetic diversity, depends on homologous pairing (hp). hp is the switch from parental to recombinant base pairs, which requires expansion of inter-base pair spaces. this expansion unavoidably causes untwisting of the parental double-stranded dna. reca/rad51-catalyzed atp-dependent hp is extensively stimulated in vitro by negative supercoils, which compensates for untwisting. however, in vivo, double-stranded dna is relaxed by bound proteins and thus ... | 2009 | 19729448 |
| trypanosoma brucei atg8: structural insights into autophagic-like mechanisms in protozoa. | bioinformatic searches of genome databases revealed that the number of autophagy-related genes (atg) is considerably lower in trypanosomes than in higher eukaryotes and even in yeast. this raises the question of whether autophagy in this protozoan parasite is more primitive and represents a rudimentary paradigm due to its early branching off the evolutionary tree. we here present the crystal structure of tbatg8b. this molecule (mw 13.7 kda) belongs to the ubiquitin-like proteins showing the typi ... | 2009 | 19736525 |
| [study on interaction between sars-cov n and map19]. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) is the etiological agent of sars, an emerging disease characterized by atypical pneumonia. using a yeast two-hybrid screen with the nucleocapsid (n)protein of sars-cov as a bait, the n protein was found to interact with map19, a non-enzymatic protein of masp(mannan-associated serine protease). the interaction between sars-cov n and map19 would be further tested in cells in this article. | 2009 | 19737459 |
| znrf1 interacts with tubulin and regulates cell morphogenesis. | the ubiquitin-proteasome system has been implicated in neuronal degeneration and regeneration. we demonstrated that overexpression of znrf1, which has been identified as a crucial molecule in nerve regeneration, causes morphological changes such as neurite-like elongation. molecular dissections showed that both the ring finger domain and zinc finger domain are required for morphological changes. furthermore, we identified beta-tubulin type 2 (tubb2) as a znrf1-binding protein by yeast two-hybrid ... | 2009 | 19737534 |
| the cellular phenotype of roberts syndrome fibroblasts as revealed by ectopic expression of esco2. | cohesion between sister chromatids is essential for faithful chromosome segregation. in budding yeast, the acetyltransferase eco1/ctf7 establishes cohesion during dna replication in s phase and in response to dna double strand breaks in g2/m phase. in humans two eco1 orthologs exist: esco1 and esco2. both proteins are required for proper sister chromatid cohesion, but their exact function is unclear at present. since esco2 has been identified as the gene defective in the rare autosomal recessive ... | 2009 | 19738907 |
| molecular characterization of human homologs of yeast mob1. | mob (mps one binder) was originally identified in yeast as a regulator of mitotic exit and cytokinesis, and was later identified as a tumor suppressor and a component of an emerging hippo-lats tumor suppressor pathway in drosophila (d). so far, 7 human homologs of yeast mob (hmob1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3, 4) have been identified. although hmob1a/b has been extensively studied, the biological features of other hmobs are largely unknown. in addition, while hmob1 has been reported to interact with and ... | 2010 | 19739119 |
| identification of secondary targets of n-containing bisphosphonates in mammalian cells via parallel competition analysis of the barcoded yeast deletion collection. | nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates are the elected drugs for the treatment of diseases in which excessive bone resorption occurs, for example, osteoporosis and cancer-induced bone diseases. the only known target of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates is farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, which ensures prenylation of prosurvival proteins, such as ras. however, it is likely that the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates involves additional unknown mechanisms. to identify novel targets of ni ... | 2009 | 19744312 |
| the effect of selenium supplementation on dth skin responses in healthy north american men. | the trace element selenium (se) is essential for immune system development and function in animals. however, the exact functions of se in the human immune system and the achievable health benefits from se supplementation remain unclear. to test whether an increased intake of dietary se affects immune function, we conducted a randomized, controlled trial of se supplementation in healthy free-living men. forty-two men were administered 300microg of se a day as high-se baker's yeast, or low-se yeas ... | 2009 | 19747623 |
| biochemical and molecular mechanisms of aging: from model systems to human longevity. preface. | | 2009 | 19748415 |
| isoform specificity of cardiac glycosides binding to human na+,k+-atpase alpha1beta1, alpha2beta1 and alpha3beta1. | cardiac glycosides inhibit the na(+),k(+)-atpase and are used for the treatment of symptomatic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. in human heart three isoforms of na(+),k(+)-atpase are expressed: alpha(1)beta(1), alpha(2)beta(1) and alpha(3)beta(1). it is unknown, if clinically used cardiac glycosides differ in isoform specific affinities, and if the isoforms have specific subcellular localization in human cardiac myocytes. human na(+),k(+)-atpase isoforms alpha(1)beta(1), alpha(2)beta(1) an ... | 2009 | 19751721 |
| polymorphism of salivary histatin gene and periodontal disease in the japanese population. | chronic periodontitis is a widespread and major dental disease. recent studies have analyzed a possible relationship between polymorphism of several genes and periodontitis. histatins are salivary polypeptides with fungicidal activities against candida albicans and yeast and bactericidal activities against porphyromonas gingivalis and streptococcus mutans. histatins are part of the innate defense of the oral cavity. we examined the frequency of the polymorphism codon 23 of the histatin 3 gene (h ... | 2009 | 19753800 |
| pharmacological characterization of anaphylaxis-like shock responses induced in mice by mannan and lipopolysaccharide. | intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (lps, a component of the gram-negative bacterial cell-surface) or mannan (man, a component of the fungal cell-surface) into mice reportedly induces anaphylaxis-like shock (als) via complement-associated platelet degradation and platelet-activating factor (paf), respectively. however, it is unclear whether paf is involved in lps-als or whether complements and/or platelets are involved in man-als. here, using preparations of man from saccharomyces cerevi ... | 2009 | 19755175 |
| mutational analysis of human heat-shock transcription factor 1 reveals a regulatory role for oligomerization in dna-binding specificity. | hsf (heat-shock transcription factor) trimers bind to the hse (heat-shock element) regulatory sequence of target genes and regulate gene expression. a typical hse consists of at least three contiguous inverted repeats of the 5-bp sequence ngaan. yeast hsf is able to recognize discontinuous hses that contain gaps in the array of the ngaan sequence; however, hhsf1 (human hsf1) fails to recognize such sites in vitro, in yeast and in hela cells. in the present study, we isolated suppressors of the t ... | 2009 | 19758120 |
| infectious serologies and autoantibodies in wegener's granulomatosis and other vasculitides: novel associations disclosed using the rad bioplex 2200. | in this study we assess the presence of antibodies against infectious agents as well as for a variety of autoantibodies in an attempt to establish associations between various vasculitides and infections in order to shed light on the etiopathogenesis of these diseases and perhaps implicate a potential cure. sera from patients with wegener's granulomatosis (wg), polyarteritis nodosa, microscopic polyangiitis, churg strauss, and giant cell arteritis were compared to healthy control sera. serum sam ... | 2009 | 19758211 |
| the cdk inhibitor p21cip1/waf1 is induced by fcgammar activation and restricts the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and related primate lentiviruses in human macrophages. | macrophages are major targets of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). we have previously shown that aggregation of activating immunoglobulin g fc receptors (fcgammar) by immune complexes inhibits reverse transcript accumulation and integration of hiv-1 and related lentiviruses in monocyte-derived macrophages. here, we show that fcgammar-mediated restriction of hiv-1 is not due to enhanced degradation of incoming viral proteins or cdna and is associated to the induction of the cyclin-depe ... | 2009 | 19759136 |
| a survey of integral alpha-helical membrane proteins. | membrane proteins serve as cellular gatekeepers, regulators, and sensors. prior studies have explored the functional breadth and evolution of proteins and families of particular interest, such as the diversity of transport-associated membrane protein families in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the composition of integral membrane proteins, and family classification of all human g-protein coupled receptors. however, a comprehensive analysis of the content and evolutionary associations between membran ... | 2009 | 19760129 |
| a putative novel transcription factor, atskip, is involved in abscisic acid signalling and confers salt and osmotic tolerance in arabidopsis. | we identified and functionally characterized the atskip gene (at1g77180), an arabidopsis homologue of snw/skip, under abiotic stresses. although the snw/skip protein has been implicated as a critical transcription cofactor, its biological functions have yet to be reported in any plant. recently, we have isolated salt-tolerance genes (sats) via the overexpression screening of yeast with a maize cdna library. one of the selected genes (sat2) appeared to confer elevated tolerance to salt. maize sat ... | 2010 | 19765229 |
| structure-function analysis of human protein ero1-lalpha. | human ero1-lalpha catalyzes the formation of disulfide bond and hence plays an essential role in protein folding. understanding the mechanism of disulfide bond formation in mammals is important because of the involvement of protein misfolding in conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and aging. however, the crystal structure of the enzyme is not available yet, which seriously hinders the understanding of biological function of ero1-lalpha. based on the crystal structure of yeast ero1p, ... | 2009 | 19766098 |
| a novel human protein is able to interact with hepatitis b virus core deletion mutant but not with the wild-type protein. | hepatitis b virus mutants with in-frame deletions in the central part of the core gene are associated with a severe course of infection in long-term immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients. in this study, yeast two-hybrid system was employed to investigate interaction capabilities of two core mutants with deleted 77-93 and 86-93 amino acids. the same mutant and wild-type (wt) protein pairs which form core-like particles inside bacterial cells were able to interact also in two-hybrid system. ... | 2009 | 19770013 |
| elucidating ants in worms using genomic and bioinformatic tools--biotechnological prospects? | adenine nucleotide translocators (ants) belong to the mitochondrial carrier family (mcf) of proteins. atp production and consumption are tightly linked to ants, the kinetics of which have been proposed to play a key regulatory role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. ants are also recognized as a central component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore associated with apoptosis. although ants have been investigated in a range of vertebrates, including human, mouse and cattle, ... | 2010 | 19770033 |
| the human rna polymerase ii-associated factor 1 (hpaf1): a new regulator of cell-cycle progression. | the human paf (hpaf) complex is part of the rna polymerase ii transcription apparatus and regulates multiple steps in gene expression. further, the yeast homolog of hpaf1 has a role in regulating the expression of a subset of genes involved in the cell-cycle. we therefore investigated the role of hpaf1 during progression of the cell-cycle. | 2009 | 19771162 |
| the antiproliferative effect of kefir cell-free fraction on hut-102 malignant t lymphocytes. | kefir is produced by adding kefir grains (a mass of proteins, polysaccharides, bacteria, and yeast) to pasteurized milk; it has been shown to control several cellular types of cancer, such as sarcoma 180 in mice, lewis lung carcinoma, and human mammary cancer. human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) is the causative agent of adult t-cell leukemia, which is a fatal disease with no effective treatment. the current study aims at investigating the effect of a cell-free fraction of kefir on h ... | 2009 | 19778841 |
| occurrence and distribution of steroids, hormones and selected pharmaceuticals in south florida coastal environments. | the common occurrence of human derived contaminants like pharmaceuticals, steroids and hormones in surface waters has raised the awareness of the role played by the release of treated or untreated sewage in the water quality along sensitive coastal ecosystems. south florida is home of many important protected environments ranging from wetlands to coral reefs which are in close proximity to large metropolitan cities. because, large portions of south florida and most of the florida keys population ... | 2010 | 19779818 |
| the hsv-1 icp27 rgg box specifically binds flexible, gc-rich sequences but not g-quartet structures. | herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) protein icp27, an important regulator for viral gene expression, directly recognizes and exports viral rna through an n-terminal rgg box rna binding motif, which is necessary and sufficient for rna binding. an icp27 n-terminal peptide, including the rgg box rna binding motif, was expressed and its binding specificity was analyzed using emsa and selex. dna oligonucleotides corresponding to hsv-1 glycoprotein c (gc) mrna, identified in a yeast three-hybrid analysis, ... | 2009 | 19783816 |
| microkit 3.0: an integrated database of midbody, centrosome and kinetochore. | during cell division/mitosis, a specific subset of proteins is spatially and temporally assembled into protein super complexes in three distinct regions, i.e. centrosome/spindle pole, kinetochore/centromere and midbody/cleavage furrow/phragmoplast/bud neck, and modulates cell division process faithfully. although many experimental efforts have been carried out to investigate the characteristics of these proteins, no integrated database was available. here, we present the microkit database (http: ... | 2010 | 19783819 |
| methods to monitor fatty acid transport proceeding through vectorial acylation. | the process of fatty acid transport across the plasma membrane occurs by several mechanisms that involve distinct membrane-bound and membrane-associated proteins and enzymes. among these are the fatty acid transport proteins (fatp) and long-chain acyl coa synthetases (acsl). previous studies in yeast and adipocytes have shown fatp and acsl form a physical complex at the plasma membrane and are required for fatty acid transport, which proceeds through a coupled process-linking transport with meta ... | 2009 | 19784603 |
| inhibition of methionine sulfoxide reduction by dimethyl sulfoxide. | dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) is widely used in chemistry and biology as a solvent and as a cryoprotectant. it is also used as a pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of interstitial cystitis and rheumatoid arthritis. previous reports described dmso as being reduced by methionine-s-sulfoxide reductase (msra). however, little is known about the dmso reduction capability of methionine-r-sulfoxide reductase (msrb) or its effect on the catalysis of methionine sulfoxide reduction. we show that mammalian ... | 2009 | 19788859 |
| yeast as a tool for characterizing mono-adp-ribosyltransferase toxins. | the emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge in the pursuit of novel therapeutics, making new strategies for drug discovery imperative. we have developed a yeast growth-defect phenotypic screen to help solve this current dilemma. this approach facilitates the identification and characterization of a new diphtheria toxin (dt) group, adp-ribosyltransferase toxins from pathogenic bacteria. in addition, this assay utilizes saccharomyces cerevisiae, a reliable model ... | 2009 | 19793133 |
| cooperative binding of two acetylation marks on a histone tail by a single bromodomain. | a key step in many chromatin-related processes is the recognition of histone post-translational modifications by effector modules such as bromodomains and chromo-like domains of the royal family. whereas effector-mediated recognition of single post-translational modifications is well characterized, how the cell achieves combinatorial readout of histones bearing multiple modifications is poorly understood. one mechanism involves multivalent binding by linked effector modules. for example, the tan ... | 2009 | 19794495 |
| high-accuracy identification and bioinformatic analysis of in vivo protein phosphorylation sites in yeast. | protein phosphorylation is a fundamental regulatory mechanism that affects many cell signaling processes. using high-accuracy ms and stable isotope labeling in cell culture-labeling, we provide a global view of the saccharomyces cerevisiae phosphoproteome, containing 3620 phosphorylation sites mapped to 1118 proteins, representatively covering the yeast kinome and a multitude of transcription factors. we show that a single false discovery rate for all peptide identifications significantly overes ... | 2009 | 19795423 |