| coxiellosis in domestic and wild birds from japan. | serological evidence of infection with coxiella burnetii was found in 41 (2%) of 1,951 domestic birds and in 167 (19%) of 863 wild birds from 17 and 5 prefectures in japan, respectively, by microagglutination (ma) test. the bacteriological evidence of the infection was found in 17 (41%) of 41 domestic birds and 37 (22%) of 167 wild birds by the nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in addition, c. burnetii was isolated from five each of serum, spleen and fecal specimens from five jungle crows ... | 1998 | 9577778 |
| [elaboration of live measles vaccine technology on human embryo lung diploid cell culture l-68]. | measles predominates among childhood droplet infections in many countries. immunization of all human beings sensitive to this infection is the only radical measure in controlling measles. the quality of a vaccine is primarily determined by the properties of the virus strains and cell cultures and technology of production. now live measles vaccine is produced in or country on the basis of fibroblasts from japanese quail embryo. the production of live measles vaccine in the primary cell cultures h ... | 1998 | 9608273 |
| circadian rhythms of rod-cone dominance in the japanese quail retina. | when the japanese quail is held in constant darkness, retinal responses (erg b-waves) increase during the animal's subjective night and decrease during its subjective day. rod photoreceptors dominate the b-wave responses (lambdamax = 506 nm) to all stimulus intensities at night but only to those intensities below the cone threshold during the day. above the cone threshold, cones dominate b-wave responses (lambdamax, approximately 550-600 nm) during the day regardless of the state of retinal adap ... | 1998 | 9614251 |
| active immunization of japanese quail hens with a recombinant chicken inhibin fusion protein enhances production performance. | the effects of active immunization against inhibin on production performance in female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were assessed in two separate trials using an mbp-cina521 fusion protein as an immunogen. the fusion protein, mbp-cina521, consisted of the bacterial maltose binding protein (mbp) and a truncated form of the mature alpha-subunit of chicken inhibin (cina521). mbp-cina1521 was constructed by: 1) excising a 521-bp psti fragment from a chicken inhibin alpha-subunit cdna ... | 1998 | 9628541 |
| cellular localization of neuropeptide y mrna and peptide in the brain of the japanese quail and domestic chicken. | neuropeptide y (npy) has been implicated in the control of a number of physiological functions in birds including food intake and reproduction. in the present study, sites of npy synthesis were localized in the brains of japanese quail and domestic chickens by in situ hybridization histochemistry using a digoxigenin-labelled riboprobe. npy mrna was detected in three main cell groups in both species. the most prominent group was associated with structures in the lateral thalamus including the ant ... | 1998 | 9634595 |
| multiple forms of gnrh are released from perifused medial basal hypothalamic/preoptic area (mbh/poa) explants in birds. | both chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormones i and ii (cgnrh i and ii) were detected in abundant quantity by radioimmunoassay of extracts of japanese quail medial basal hypothalamic/preoptic area (mbh/poa) fragments that included the median eminence (me) region. however, in radioimmunoassayed extracts of japanese quail me alone, the concentration of cgnrh i greatly exceeded that of cgnrh ii (approximately 450 pg/me vs < 10 pg/me). likewise, cgnrh i and ii were released into perifusates from quai ... | 1998 | 9653026 |
| the foam production system of the male japanese quail: characterization of structure and function. | the research described here characterizes a unique neuromuscular system involved in reproductive behavior--the foam production system of the male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). male quail produce a large amount of foam that is transferred to the female during copulation, enhancing male fertilization success. the source is the foam gland complex, a large sexually dimorphic, androgen sensitive, external protuberance of the dorsal cloaca, consisting of glandular units interdigitated with stria ... | 1998 | 9681161 |
| long-range competition among the neurons projecting centrifugally to the quail retina. | birds have a well-developed centrifugal pathway from the isthmo-optic nucleus to the retina. in the present study, receptive-field properties of the isthmo-optic (io) neurons and suppressive effect of remote stimuli far beyond the "classical" receptive fields were examined electrophysiologically in the japanese quail. receptive fields emitting more than half the maximal on-off response to a small spot of light measured 4.3+/-1.9 deg (n = 37) in diameter. a stationary spot of light was presented ... | 1998 | 9685195 |
| adenovirus-mediated transfer of human acid maltase gene reduces glycogen accumulation in skeletal muscle of japanese quail with acid maltase deficiency. | acid maltase deficiency (amd) causes a lysosomal glycogenosis inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. the infantile type of amd (pompe disease) leads to early death due to severe dysfunction of cardiac and respiratory muscles and no effective therapy is available. replication-defective adenovirus vectors offer a promising tool for in vivo gene delivery and gene therapy. we constructed a recombinant adenovirus containing the human acid maltase (am) cdna downstream of the cag promoter, composed ... | 1998 | 9694159 |
| appetitive and consummatory male sexual behavior in japanese quail are differentially regulated by subregions of the preoptic medial nucleus. | central testosterone aromatization is required for the activation of both appetitive (asb) and consummatory (csb) male sexual behavior in japanese quail. there are two major clusters of aromatase immunoreactive (aro-ir) cells in the rostral forebrain; these outline the nucleus preopticus medialis (pom) and the nucleus striae terminalis (bst). we investigated the role of these nuclei in the regulation of asb and csb. appetitive male sexual behavior was measured with the use of a learned social pr ... | 1998 | 9698339 |
| clench: a new autosomal recessive mutation in japanese quail. | the clench (cl) is a new morphological mutation in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). the cl mutants rigidly clench their toes in both legs, which gives rise to a human fistlike appearance in the distal ends of the legs. other parts of the cl body are quite normal. in spite of the severe toe abnormality, the cl mutants are normal in fertility, hatchability, and postnatal viability. genetic analysis revealed that the cl mutation is an autosomal recessive with 100% penetrance. the proposed gene s ... | 1998 | 9703690 |
| tr4 orphan receptor crosstalks to chicken ovalbumin upstream protein-transcription factor and thyroid hormone receptor to induce the transcriptional activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long-terminal repeat. | here we investigate the roles of human testicular orphan receptors, tr2 and tr4, on the gene regulation of the long-terminal repeat of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-ltr). in gel-retardation assays, a palindromic element at the 5'-end of hiv-ltr,5'-aggggtcagatatccactgaccttt-3',showed high affinity to tr2 and tr4 with an equilibrium dissociation constant (kd) of 1.11 +/- 0.48 (n = 3) and 0.52 +/- 0.12 nm (n = 3), respectively. interestingly, each half-site of the palindromic element ... | 1998 | 9704574 |
| interaction of second and third domains of japanese quail ovomucoid with ten mammalian trypsins. | second and third domains were prepared from japanese quail ovomucoid and association equilibrium constants, kas, were measured at 25 degreesc and ph 8 for these domains with trypsins from ten mammalian species: cat, cow, dog, guinea pig, hog, horse, man, rabbit, rat, and sheep. the values ranged from 108 m-1 to 1010 m-1 for the second domain-trypsin associations and from 106 m-1 to 108 m-1 for the third domain-trypsin associations. changes in ka values for the interactions between the trypsins a ... | 1998 | 9748658 |
| avian ifn-gamma genes: sequence analysis suggests probable cross-species reactivity among galliforms. | little is known about the evolution of cytokines in non-mammalian systems. to address this problem, we attempted to clone the gene for interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) from a variety of avian species using oligonucleotide primers based on the sequence of the chicken ifn-gamma gene. the coding sequence and partial intron sequences were determined for four species, namely guinea fowl, ring-necked pheasant, japanese quail, and turkey. to obtain sequence information on the gene extremities, a modified 5 ... | 1998 | 9781810 |
| interactive effects of increased intake of saturated fat and cholesterol on atherosclerosis in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | increasing the energy value of diets with dietary fat, particularly fats rich in saturated fatty acids, can result in the elevation of plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol. in the present study, experimental diets were designed to examine the effects of increasing the energy content of diets with a saturated fat source and cholesterol in a non-purified diet on hyperlipoproteinaemia and aortic plaque composition in the atherosclerosis-susceptible japanese quail (coturnix japonica) model of hu ... | 1998 | 9797648 |
| isolation and preliminary characterization of histone h1.b allelic variants from quail erythrocytes. | our goal was to purify and characterize the allelic variants h1b1 and h1b2 of histone h1.b, one of the seven subtypes of this linker histone extracted from japanese quail erythrocyte nuclei. these variants are revealed phenotypically as band h1.3 or part of band h1.4 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) in sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). all h1 subtypes together were separated from h5 by gel-permeation chromatography through bio-gel p-150. h1 was then fractionated on a column of the cation ... | 1998 | 9809440 |
| species differences in the hepatic microsomal enzyme metabolism of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids. | species differences in pyrrolic metabolites and senecionine (sn) n-oxide formation among eight animal species (sheep, cattle, gerbils, rabbits, hamsters, japanese quail, chickens, rats) varying in susceptibility to pyrrolizidine alkaloid (pa) intoxication were measured in vitro by hepatic microsomal incubations. the results suggested that there is not a strong correlation between the production of pyrrolic metabolites and susceptibility of animals to pa toxicity. the rate of pa activation in ham ... | 1998 | 9817084 |
| complementary dna sequence of chicken thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) beta subunit. | chicken tsh beta subunit cdna was cloned and sequenced. the cdna encodes a putative signal peptide and a mature protein consisting of 20 and 114 amino acids, respectively. the amino acid sequence of chicken tsh beta subunit is highly conserved (98.5%) between chicken and japanese quail, whereas it has a low homology between chicken and mammals (67-69%), an amphibian (58%) and fish (40-49%). structural characteristics of tsh beta subunits of avian species are discussed in comparison with those of ... | 1998 | 9881912 |
| [treatment of pompe's disease with recombinant enzymes]. | pompe disease is caused by the congenital deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase. the accumulation of lysosomal glycogen results in a fatal myopathy and cardiomyopathy. we developed an enzyme replacement therapy based on recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase enzyme targeted to the organs of interest by the presence of mannose-6-phosphate on this precursor enzyme and a manose-6-phosphate receptor present in muscle and heart. using molecular techniques and following extensive ... | 1998 | 9883081 |
| state of imidazole side chain of hen lysozyme modified with histamine and japanese quail lysozyme. a study by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. | hen lysozyme modified with histamine (hml) and japanese quail lysozyme (jql) were treated with immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography to analyze the states of their imidazole groups. when ni(ii) was used as the metal ion immobilized, jql was strongly retained in a ni(ii)-chelating sepharose column, while hen lysozyme and hml were hardly retained in the same column. all of these lysozymes have a histidine imidazole group at the 15th position, while jql has an additional histidine imidazole ... | 1998 | 9972246 |
| analysis of genetic polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex of japanese quail. | the restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of the japanese quail mhc were assayed in seven lines using pvuii-digested dna and a chicken class ii probe. the lines of japanese quail surveyed included a randombred control population (r1) and sublines of r1 divergently selected for 4-wk body weight (hw and lw lines) or plasma yolk precursor as measured by total plasma phosphorus (tpp) (hp and lp lines). in addition, two sublines (hw-hp and hw-lp) of the hw line were included in the analysi ... | 1999 | 10023740 |
| evaluation of japanese quail as a model system for avian transgenesis using avian leukosis viruses. | vertical transmission of avian leukosis viruses (alv) can occur genetically through the germline for both male and female chickens but only nongenetically or congenitally through the female. we had previously shown that tolerantly alv-infected males, from alv injection into fertile chicken eggs at day of set, can transmit proviral dna to their progeny through the germline. an attempt was made to repeat this successful retroviral germline insertion technique of chickens in japanese quail. after a ... | 1999 | 10051036 |
| experimental studies of chlamydiosis in japanese quails. | two-week-old japanese quails were infected intratracheally with six strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from calf pneumonia, swine pneumonia, goat abortion, sheep abortion, kid enteritis, and calf conjunctivitis, respectively. the japanese quails from infected and control groups were closely observed for clinical symptoms. in order to examine the gross and microscopic lesions, quails in each group were sacrificed at 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 30 days post infection. alterations induced by pneumo ... | 1999 | 10096166 |
| development of mechanoreceptor numbers in embryonic chick-quail chimeras. | our experiments addressed the problem of the regulation of the number of mechanoreceptors by sensory axons and/or their peripheral target tissues. according to a previous study (zelená et al. 1997) white leghorn chickens have more muscle spindles in the plantaris muscle (45.4+/-7.8; mean+/-sd) than the japanese quail (35.3+/-4.8) and significantly more herbst corpuscles in the crural region (380.0+/-85.0) than the quail (124.9+/-32.8). embryonic chick-quail chimeras were therefore used as a mode ... | 1999 | 10195308 |
| gene organization of the quail major histocompatibility complex (mhccoja) class i gene region. | class i genomic clones of the quail (coturnix japonica) major histocompatibility complex (mhccoja) were isolated and characterized. two clusters spanning the 90.8 kilobase (kb) and 78.2 kb class i gene regions were defined by overlapping cosmid clones and found to contain at least twelve class i loci. however, unlike in the chicken mhc, no evidence for the existence of any coja class ii gene was obtained in these two clusters. based on comparative analysis of the genomic sequences with those of ... | 1999 | 10199914 |
| degradation of some pesticides in avian embryos. | on day 9 or 12 of the hatching period different pesticides (parathion, methyl-parathion, carbendazim, 2,4-d-amine na, phosmethylane) were applied in ecotoxicological trials. the formulations were either injected into the air space of pheasant, quail or hen eggs or hen eggs were treated by the immersion technique. the residues of pesticides were measured in samples on days 13, 14 and 16 of incubation of chicken and pheasant embryos, while the japanese quail embryos were analysed on days 10-14 of ... | 1999 | 10213936 |
| shivering thermogenesis in leg and breast muscles of galliform chicks and nestlings of the domestic pigeon. | we studied the ontogeny of shivering thermogenesis in breast and leg muscles of precocial galliforms (domestic fowl, grey partridge, and japanese quail) and the altricial domestic pigeon using electromyography (emg) and indirect calorimetry. galliforms were able to increase heat production by shivering in leg muscles at the youngest age studied (1-2 d). pectorals contributed to heat production from days 7-10 onward, but in the partridge and especially in the fowl, shivering by the pectorals was ... | 1999 | 10438684 |
| japanese quail microsatellite loci amplified with chicken-specific primers. | forty-eight primer pairs for chicken (gallus gallus) microsatellite loci were tested in polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) genomic dna. amplification products were obtained from 28 primer-pairs (58.3%) after optimizing the pcr conditions. eleven (22.9%) of these generated specific products and 17 yielded non-specific amplification products. eight markers (adl0037, adl0038, adl0142, adl0143, adl0206, adl0315, adl0366, and huj0006) were polymorphic ... | 1999 | 10442981 |
| regulation of the expression of serotonin n-acetyltransferase gene in japanese quail (coturnix japonica): i. rhythmic pattern and effect of light. | serotonin n-acetyltransferase [arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aanat); ec2.3.1.87] is the rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin synthesis, and its activity exhibits a diurnal rhythm similar to that of the melatonin content in the pineal gland and retina of japanese quail. studies were conducted to characterize the japanese quail aanat cdna, and to evaluate the expression of aanat mrna in the pineal gland, the retina, and other peripheral tissues. the nucleic acid sequence of a 400 bp cdna clone ... | 1999 | 10451021 |
| corticotropin-releasing hormone-immunopositive nerve elements in apposition to chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone i-containing perikarya in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) brain. | the neuroanatomic basis of how stress inhibits reproduction in birds is not understood. to address this question we used double-label immunofluorescence histochemistry to determine whether corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh)-immunoreactive (ir) neuronal elements contact chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone i (cgnrh i)-ir somata in brains of japanese quail. the double-label system used a sheep anti-cgnrh i primary antibody with a secondary antibody conjugated to dichlorotriazinylaminofluoresc ... | 1999 | 10470492 |
| the chicken leptin gene: has it been cloned? | the dna sequence of a chicken leptin gene that shares 95% nucleotide similarity with the mouse leptin sequence has been recently reported (taouis et al., 1998, gene 208, 239-242). experiments have been performed independently in two laboratories to try to confirm this finding. fourteen pcr primers based on the mouse leptin sequence were designed to amplify the avian leptin gene. four of the primers were identical to the mouse and published chicken leptin sequences. pcr amplification was carried ... | 1999 | 10480986 |
| outbreak of septicaemic colibacillosis in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | we have carried out an aetiological and pathological study of an outbreak of septicaemia caused by the o165 serogroup of escherichia coli in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) which resulted in high mortality (90%). after treatment with amoxicilin in drinking water (200 mg/l), morbility and mortality rates dropped markedly. microbiological studies showed that the organism responsible was an atypical e. coli strain, on the basis of the non-fermentation of lactose (onpg-), which belonged ... | 1999 | 10481623 |
| epitopes for chicken monoclonal antibodies in spleens of selected japanese quail lines. | a line of japanese quail selected for high plasma cholesterol is highly susceptible to diet-induced atherosclerosis. lymphocyte epitopes recognized by mouse anti-chicken monoclonal antibodies (c-mab), tcr-1, tcr-2, tcr-3. cd-3, cd-4, cd-8, and bu-1a/b were reacted with spleens from quail selected for high (hl) and low (ll) plasma total cholesterol and their nonselected controls (cl). cross reactivity to c-mab and effect of line and gender were immunohistochemically evaluated. chicken spleens wer ... | 1999 | 10512460 |
| effect of divergent selection for total plasma phosphorus on plasma and yolk very low density lipoproteins and plasma concentrations of selected hormones in laying japanese quail. | japanese quail lines were divergently selected over 32 generations for laying hen plasma yolk precursor, as measured by total plasma phosphorus (tpp). the high (hp) and low (lp) lines were developed from a randombred control population (r1) that was maintained without conscious selection. the purpose of the present study was to characterize the composition of very low density lipoproteins (vldl) in laying japanese quail hens (vldly) and the concentration of selected hormones in laying hens from ... | 1999 | 10515352 |
| growth, developmental stability and immune response in juvenile japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | stresses are environmental factors which restrict growth or cause a potentially adverse change in an organism. the exposure of developing organisms to environmental stresses may have several physiological consequences including a decrease in immunocompetence. however, mounting an immune response against a foreign antigen may in itself constitute a cost for developing organisms. this cost has potentially long-term consequences for adult function and fitness. this study examines the growth and dev ... | 1999 | 10518322 |
| development of the skeleton in japanese quail embryos. | in the research fields of experimental embryology, teratological testing, and developmental engineering in avian species, a knowledge of normal embryonic development is necessary so that research may be performed efficiently and precisely. a series of normal stages based on external appearance has been established in both chicken and quail embryos. those based on skeletal features, however, have not been elucidated. the present study newly established a series of normal stages for the developmen ... | 1999 | 10545025 |
| separation of enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase based on ovoglycoprotein. vii. comparison of chiral recognition ability of ovoglycoprotein from chicken and japanese quail egg whites. | ovoglycoproteins from chicken and japanese quail egg whites (ogchi and ogjpq, respectively) were isolated, and characterized by isoelectric focusing, high-performance capillary electrophoresis, reversed-phase hplc and matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) ms. the isoelectric point (pi) of natural ogchi was 4.37-4.51 by isoelectric focusing, while natural ogjpq showed two discrete bands at pi 4.68 and 4.77. the average molecular masses of natural ogchi and ogjpq w ... | 1999 | 10551348 |
| immunochemical characterization of ovomucoid from japanese quail egg white using monoclonal antibodies. | the ovomucoid of japanese quail egg white is known as a proteinase inhibitor or protein component responsible for egg allergy. in order to characterize the antigenic properties of ovomucoid in relation to its molecular structure, we have prepared two monoclonal antibodies, e9 (igg1) and e11 (igg1), recognizing distinct epitopes from each other. these monoclonal antibodies bound to the sds/mercaptoethanol-treated ovomucoid, but not to the reductively carboxymethylated and pyridylethylated ovomuco ... | 1999 | 10575639 |
| temperature-dependent inhibition of motility in spermatozoa from different avian species. | this study demonstrates that the pattern of temperature-dependent inhibition of chicken sperm motility at 40 degrees c in vitro, and its release by calcium, is also found in drake spermatozoa and, partially, in turkey spermatozoa. however, no such temperature-dependent inhibition was found in spermatozoa from japanese quail and houbara bustard, for which physiological levels of calcium at 40 degrees c had an inhibitory and no effect on sperm motility, respectively. thus, on the basis of this evi ... | 1999 | 10610041 |
| comparative fish mapping on z chromosomes of chicken and japanese quail. | using direct r-banding fluorescence in situ hybridization, we assigned five functional genes-growth hormone receptor (ghr), prolactin receptor (prlr), spleen tyrosine kinase (syk), aldolase b (aldob), and muscle skeletal receptor tyrosine kinase (musk)-to the chicken z chromosome. syk and musk were newly localized to the chicken z chromosome in this study. ghr and prlr were situated close to each other on the short arm of the chicken z chromosome, as are their counterparts on human chromosome 5. ... | 1999 | 10640806 |
| ultrastructure of spermatozoa from japanese quail. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) to epitopes on mitochondria from turkey spermatozoa cross-reacted with japanese quail spermatozoal mitochondria. however, the pattern of binding was different from that observed for turkey sperm. the ultrastructure of quail spermatozoa was examined to determine the reason for this difference in antibody binding pattern. light microscopy, as well as scanning (sem) and transmission (tem) electron microscopy, were used to study the morphology of spermatozoa from japanese ... | 2000 | 10685894 |
| ultrastructure of spermatozoa from japanese quail. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) to epitopes on mitochondria from turkey spermatozoa cross-reacted with japanese quail spermatozoal mitochondria. however, the pattern of binding was different from that observed for turkey sperm. the ultrastructure of quail spermatozoa was examined to determine the reason for this difference in antibody binding pattern. light microscopy, as well as scanning (sem) and transmission (tem) electron microscopy, were used to study the morphology of spermatozoa from japanese ... | 2000 | 10735210 |
| three-dimensional analysis of dna replication foci: a comparative study on species and cell type in situ. | chromatin morphology of interphase nuclei in most cell lines of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and chick (gallus gallus domesticus) embryos shows typical interspecies differences. this intrinsic marker has been used in quail/chick chimerisation experiments, where also differences between cell types were noted. we asked whether similar differences between species and between cell types could be observed in s phase nuclei in situ. in this report, we used bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) pulse labellin ... | 2000 | 10817674 |
| foreign gene expression by in vivo gene electroporation in the quail testis. | to investigate whether or not foreign gene expression is attained in the testis of living japanese quails, a firefly luciferase reporter gene was transfected by in vivo electroporation (ep), and transcriptional activity of different promoters was compared. in addition, the effect of the epstein-barr virus self-replication sequence was also tested. the results showed that luciferase activity in the testis reached almost a plateau value at 50 v. under this ep condition, no difference was found in ... | 2000 | 10840640 |
| fos induction in the japanese quail brain after expression of appetitive and consummatory aspects of male sexual behavior. | we investigated the expression of fos, the protein product of the immediate early gene c-fos in the brain of male japanese quail after they engaged in either appetitive or consummatory sexual behavior (i. e., copulation). for 1 h, castrated males treated with testosterone were either allowed to copulate with a female or to exhibit a learned social proximity response indicative of appetitive sexual behavior. control birds were either left in their home cage or placed in the experimental chamber b ... | 2000 | 10856822 |
| molecular analysis of avian circadian clock genes. | unlike mammals, avian circadian rhythms are regulated by a multiple oscillatory system consisting of the retina, the pineal and the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus. to understand avian circadian system, we have cloned clock and period homologs (qclock, qper2 and qper3) and characterized these genes in japanese quail. overall, qclock, qper2 and qper3 showed approximately 79%, approximately 46% and approximately 33% amino acid identity to mclock, mper2, mper3, respectively. clock was m ... | 2000 | 10891604 |
| ease of capture in lines of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) subjected to contrasting selection for fear or sociability. | japanese quail (coturnix japonica) of lines, which have been subjected to contrasting selection for duration of the tonic immobility (ti) reaction or social reinstatement (sr) behaviour over many generations show corresponding differences in underlying fearfulness and sociality. as fearfulness and sociality are particularly influential traits in domesticated species, the finding that such traits respond to artificial selection may have important implications for poultry welfare and performance. ... | 2000 | 10906397 |
| aspects of the functional morphology of the ductus epididymidis in domestic anseriform and galliform birds. | the structure of the ductus epididymidis, and its capacity to take up luminal particulate material (india ink) were studied, using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, in the domestic fowl, turkey and japanese quail (order galliformes) and drake (order anseriformes). the epithelium appeared contractile and stable structurally, especially in the drake in which, among other cytoskeletal features, abundant perinuclear intermediate filaments radiated peripherally in the principal, noncilia ... | 2000 | 10916881 |
| application of an anti-hqigy antibody for the measurement of igy concentrations of hen's and quail's serum and yolk. | the development of a sensitive elisa for the measurement of quail igy (qigy) was the main purpose of our study. the suitable antibody (ab) was prepared in rabbits. both quail igy (qigy) and hen igy (higy) were precipitated by this developed ab. for this reason it was marked as anti-hen-quail-igy (a-hqigy). the purified ab was conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (ahqigy-hrp) and a sensitive direct elisa was developed, based on this labeled ab. the prepared ahqigy ab which was used in this deve ... | 1999 | 10943656 |
| sequence comparison of avian interferon regulatory factors and identification of the avian cec-32 cell as a quail cell line. | interferon (ifn) regulatory factor-1 (irf-1) is a well-characterized member of the irf family. previously, we have cloned cdna of several members of the chicken irf (chirf) family and studied the function of chirf-1 in the avian cell line cec-32. the irf-1 proteins from primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) and cec-32 cells differed in their electrophoretic mobility. to characterize the different forms of irf-1 in avian cells, we compared the sequences of irf-1 cdna from cec-32 cells, primary ... | 2000 | 10954914 |
| ontogeny of aromatase and tyrosine hydroxylase activity and of aromatase-immunoreactive cells in the preoptic area of male and female japanese quail. | the aromatization of testosterone into oestrogens plays a key role in the control of many behavioural and physiological aspects of reproduction. in the quail preoptic area (poa), aromatase activity and the number of aromatase-immunoreactive (aro-ir) cells are sexually differentiated (males > females). this sex difference is implicated in the control of the sexually dimorphic behavioural response of quail to testosterone. we analysed the ontogenetic development of this sex difference by measuring ... | 2000 | 10971810 |
| characterization and chromosomal distribution of a novel satellite dna sequence of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | a novel satellite dna sequence of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was isolated from genomic dna digested with restriction endonuclease, bg/ii. sequence analysis of three different-size clones revealed the presence of a tandem array of a gc-rich 41 bp repeated element. this sequence was localized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) primarily to microchromosomes of japanese quail (2n = 78); approximately 50 of the 66 microchromosomes showed positive signals, although hybridiza ... | 2000 | 10994713 |
| evolutionary significance of myosin heavy chain heterogeneity in birds. | this article reviews the complexity, expression, genetics, regulation, function, and evolution of the avian myosin heavy chain (myhc). the majority of pertinent studies thus far published have focussed on domestic chicken and, to a much lesser extent, japanese quail. where possible, information available about wild species has also been incorporated into this review. while studies of additional species might modify current interpretations, existing data suggest that some fundamental properties o ... | 2000 | 10998637 |
| transactivation of latent marek's disease herpesvirus genes in qt35, a quail fibroblast cell line, by herpesvirus of turkeys. | the qt35 cell line was established from a methylcholanthrene-induced tumor in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) (c. moscovici, m. g. moscovici, h. jimenez, m. m. lai, m. j. hayman, and p. k. vogt, cell 11:95-103, 1977). two independently maintained sublines of qt35 were found to be positive for marek's disease virus (mdv)-like genes by southern blotting and pcr assays. sequence analysis of fragments of the icp4, icp22, icp27, vp16, meq, pp14, pp38, open reading frame (orf) l1, and glyc ... | 2000 | 11024146 |
| developmental origin of avian merkel cells. | we have investigated the developmental origin and ultrastructure of avian merkel cells by electron microscopy and chick/quail transplantation experiments. on embryonic day 3, chick leg primordia were homotopically grafted onto japanese quail host embryo. fourteen days later, quail cells that had migrated into grafted chick legs were identified according to the masses of heterochromatin associated with the nucleolus that are characteristic for quail. both in chick and quail, merkel cells are usua ... | 2000 | 11089931 |
| ultrastructural study of the luminal surface of the ducts of the epididymis of gallinaceous birds. | the various ducts of the epididymides of four gallinaceous birds, the turkey (meleagris gallopavo), domestic fowl (gallus gallus), guinea-fowl (numida meleagris) and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied at the scanning and transmission electron microscopy levels. the tissues were fixed either by immersion or vascular perfusion, for comparative purposes. each duct system, save for a few details, presented similar morphological features in all species. the epithelial surface of ... | 2000 | 11131120 |
| effects of testosterone on production of perivitelline membrane glycoprotein zpc by granulosa cells of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | avian perivitelline membrane, an investment homologous to the zona pellucida of mammalian oocytes, is composed of at least two glycoproteins. previous studies have indicated that one of the components, a glycoprotein homologous to mammalian zpc, is produced and secreted by the granulosa cells of developing follicles of the chicken ovary. in the present study, we evaluated the expression and regulation of zpc in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) granulosa cells both in vivo and in vitro. western ... | 2001 | 11133688 |
| genetic analyses of plumage color mutations on the z chromosome of japanese quail. | genetic analyses were performed with four sex-linked plumage color mutations (roux, brown, imperfect albino, and cinnamon) in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). roux and brown quail have similar plumage color, but plumage of roux quail is paler. pure, f1 and f2 matings were carried out with roux and brown stocks, and 357, 338, and 273 progeny with either roux or brown plumage color were obtained from each mating type, respectively. these allelism tests showed that mutations for roux and brown c ... | 2000 | 11218091 |
| fifty microsatellite markers for japanese quail. | a japanese quail genomic library enriched for (ca/gt)n simple sequence repeats was screened and positive clones were sequenced. fifty original microsatellite sequences were isolated that consisted mainly of perfect repeats of the dinucleotide (ca/gt)n motif and a corresponding number of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer pairs complementary to unique dna sequences flanking the microsatellite repeats were designed to detect the repeats. forty-six percent (23 of 50) of the markers revealed pol ... | 2000 | 11218092 |
| identification of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in birds. | circadian rhythms are generated by an internal biological clock. the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) in the hypothalamus is known to be the dominant biological clock regulating circadian rhythms in mammals. in birds, two nuclei, the so-called medial scn (mscn) and the visual scn (vscn), have both been proposed to be the avian scn. however, it remains an unsettled question which nuclei are homologous to the mammalian scn. we have identified circadian clock genes in japanese quail and demonstrated t ... | 2001 | 11247843 |
| influence of fundamental frequency on stop-consonant voicing perception: a case of learned covariation or auditory enhancement? | for stimuli modeling stop consonants varying in the acoustic correlates of voice onset time (vot), human listeners are more likely to perceive stimuli with lower f0's as voiced consonants--a pattern of perception that follows regularities in english speech production. the present study examines the basis of this observation. one hypothesis is that lower f0's enhance perception of voiced stops by virtue of perceptual interactions that arise from the operating characteristics of the auditory syste ... | 2001 | 11248980 |
| toxicity of coelomic fluid of the earthworm eisenia foetida to vertebrates but not invertebrates: probable role of sphingomyelin. | the coelomic fluid (cf) of the earthworm eisenia foetida exhibits a wide variety of biological activities. we found that the cf was not toxic to 42 species, belonging to seven invertebrate phyla, almost all in aquatic adults and larvae exposed to cf. eleven teleostean species tested died in 0.2-1% cf mostly between 10 and 120 min and the effects were dose-dependent. tadpoles of the toad bufo japonicus formosus died in 0.4-2% cf between 80 and 225 min depending upon size, with larger tadpoles sur ... | 2001 | 11255113 |
| cocaine induces conditioned place preference and increases locomotor activity in male japanese quail. | the conditioned place preference (cpp) procedure is a popular method used for testing the rewarding properties of human drugs of abuse. most cpp studies utilize mammalian models. however, avian species have better visual systems than rodent species, and because the cues that become associated with human drug-taking behavior are often visual, aves might serve as an alternative animal model for investigating drugs of abuse. in three experiments, we examined the locomotor stimulant and rewarding ef ... | 2001 | 11274710 |
| transferring an inborn auditory perceptual predisposition with interspecies brain transplants. | inborn species' perceptual preferences are thought to serve as important guides for neonatal learning in most species of higher vertebrates. although much work has been carried out on experiential contributions to the expression of such preferences, their neural and developmental correlates remain largely unexplored. here we use embryonic neural transplants between two bird species, the japanese quail and the domestic chicken, to demonstrate that an inborn auditory perceptual predisposition is t ... | 2001 | 11320208 |
| chicken microsatellite primers are not efficient markers for japanese quail. | domestic fowl or chicken (gallus gallus) and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) belong to the family phasianidae. the exchange of marker information between chicken and quail is an important step towards the construction of a high-resolution comparative genetic map in phasianidae, which includes several poultry species of agricultural importance. we tested chicken microsatellite markers to see if they would be suitable as genetic linkage markers in japanese quail. twenty-six per cent (31/120) of ... | 2001 | 11419356 |
| behaviour of newly hatched and adult japanese quail and the feasibility of adaptation to weightlessness. | the aim of cosmic biology is to create conditions necessary for the long-term stay of man on cosmic orbital complexes and planetary stations. such conditions should be provided by the autonomous closed ecosystem--a simplified model of the terrestrial biocenosis. as an experimental model of the higher heterotrophic link of this ecosystem the japanese quail was chosen. this paper presents recent knowledge on the behaviour of newly hatched and adult quails under conditions of weightlessness. vi ... | 1993 | 11538530 |
| expressed sequence tags for the chicken genome from a normalized, ten-day-old white leghorn whole embryo cdna library. 2. comparative dna sequence analysis of guinea fowl, quail, and turkey genomes. | accelerated efforts to develop a high-utility chicken genome map have resulted in the development of resources that may be useful for genetic analysis in other economically important poultry species. here we describe a total of 26 comparative genomic dna sequences (cgs) for the guinea fowl, japanese quail, and domestic turkey developed using 10 primer pairs specific for 10 previously reported, unique, chicken expressed sequence tags (est). the total length of cgs developed for each of the three ... | 2001 | 11558910 |
| cross-species investigations of prenatal experience, hatching behavior, and postnatal behavioral laterality. | turning biases have been reported in some mammalian species, but less is known about such biases in nonmammalians. this study investigated turning biases in domestic chicks, bobwhite and japanese quail, leopard geckos, and snapping turtles. domestic chicks (white leghorn and bantam) and bobwhite quail demonstrate strong group laterality. japanese quail chicks, snapping turtles, and leopard geckos demonstrate no significant group bias. results are discussed with regard to differences in embryonic ... | 2001 | 11568878 |
| gender-related changes in the avian vasotocin system during ontogeny. | the arginine vasotocin (avt) system of the avian brain includes a sexually dimorphic part that extends from the caudal part of preoptic region through the medial part of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (bstm) to the lateral septum. it is composed of the parvocellular neurons located in the bstm and the dense innervation of the medial preoptic region and lateral septum. in this part of the brain, avt expression is stronger in males than in females in a few bird species investigated to date. t ... | 2001 | 11596147 |
| isolation of pasteurella multocida during an outbreak of infectious septicemia in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | in may 1994, about fifty japanese quails out of ninety being bred for experimental purposes at miyazaki university died of acute septicemia within a few days. at autopsy, there were no gross pathological lesions, however, severe bacteremia was observed in all cases. bacterial examination revealed the presence of pasteurella multocida in blood and several organs in pure culture and they were of carter's capsular type a, heddleston's type 3-4 and namioka's type o-8-9. the ld50 of bacteria in quail ... | 2001 | 11642279 |
| exceptional cellular resistance to oxidative damage in long-lived birds requires active gene expression. | previous studies indicated that renal tubular epithelial cells from some long-lived avian species exhibit robust and/or unique protective mechanisms against oxidative stress relative to murine cells. here we extend these studies to investigate the response of primary embryonic fibroblast-like cells to oxidative challenge in long- and short-lived avian species (budgerigar, melopsittacus undulatus, longevity up to 20 years, vs japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, longevity up to 5 years) an ... | 2001 | 11682567 |
| combined effects of experimental heavy-metal contamination (cu, zn, and ch3hg) and starvation on quail's body condition: parallelism with a wild common guillemot (uria aalge) population found stranded at the belgian coast. | combined effects of heavy-metal contamination (cu, zn, and ch3hg) and starvation were tested on common quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) and used as a model for comparison with a wild common guillemot (uria aalge) population found stranded at the belgian coast. appropriate heavy-metal levels were given to the quails to obtain concentrations similar to those found in the seabirds's tissues. the contaminated animals were then starved for 4 d to simulate the evident malnutrition symptoms observed ... | 2001 | 11697781 |
| physiological, growth, and immune responses of japanese quail chicks to the multiple stressors of immunological challenge and lead shot. | exposure to the combination of a contaminant and an immunological challenge during development may greatly increase the impact of either or both of these stressors on an individual. this study investigated the interacting effects of a nonpathogenic immunological challenge and lead shot exposure early in the development of a precocial species. seventy-one quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks orally received either one #9 lead shot (0.05 g), four lead shots (0.2 g), or no lead at the age of 8 ... | 2002 | 11706371 |
| complete sequence of the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) mitochondrial genome and its genetic relationship with related species. | the japanese quail (coturnix japonica; jq) is one of the domesticated fowl species of japan. to provide dna sequence information for examination of its phylogenetic position in the order galliformes, the complete sequence of the jq mitochondria was determined. sequence analysis revealed that the jq mitochondrial genome is a circular dna of 16 697 basepairs (bp), which is smaller than the chicken mitochondrial dna of 16 775 bp, but the genomic structure of jq mitochondria was the same as that of ... | 2001 | 11736810 |
| functional conservation of the promoter regions of vertebrate tyrosinase genes. | tyrosinase is the key enzyme for synthesizing melanin pigments, which primarily determine mammalian skin coloration. considering the important roles of pigments in the evolution and the adaptation of vertebrates, phylogenetic changes in the coding and flanking regulatory sequences of the tyrosinase gene are particularly intriguing. we have now cloned cdna encoding tyrosinase from japanese quail and snapping turtle. these nonmammalian cdna are highly homologous to those of the mouse and human tyr ... | 2001 | 11764277 |
| amplification of sequence tagged sites in five avian species using heterologous oligonucleotides. | short of a complete genomic dna sequence, sequence tagged sites (stss) have emerged as major genomic reagents for the genetic analysis of little-studied ecologically and agriculturally important organisms. here, we report sts developed for the turkey (meleagris gallopavo), guinea fowl (numidea meleagris), japanese quail (coturnix coturnix) and pigeon using primers specific for reference dna sequences of two chicken (gallus gallus) genes, aggrecan (agc1) and type x collagen (col10). additional st ... | 2000 | 11766842 |
| biological suppression of aflatoxicosis in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by dietary addition of yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae). | the amelioration of aflatoxicosis in japanese quails was examined by the dietary addition of live yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae; sce). yeast incorporated into the diet at 1 g kg(-1) was evaluated for its ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2.5 mg total aflatoxin (af; 82.30 per cent afb1, 2.06 per cent afb2, 7.68 per cent afg1 and 7.96 per cent afg2) kg(-1)diet on growing japanese quail chicks from 10 days to 45 days of age. forty 10-day-old japanese quail chicks were assigned to 2x2 f ... | 2001 | 11798296 |
| distribution of bisphenol a and tetrabromobisphenol a in quail eggs, embryos and laying birds and studies on reproduction variables in adults following in ovo exposure. | in a previous study, we showed that bisphenol a (bpa) had oestrogen-like effects in bird embryos, causing malformations of the oviducts in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) and feminisation of the left testis in chicken (gallus domesticus). in this study, uptake and distribution of bpa and tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) in embryos and laying quail were examined as well as variables related to reproduction in adult quail following administration of the compounds into the yolk of embryonated eggs. ... | 2001 | 11808920 |
| effect of the mycotoxin aurofusarin on the antioxidant composition and fatty acid profile of quail eggs. | 1. the effect of the mycotoxin aurofusarin on the antioxidant composition and fatty acid profile of quail eggs was investigated. 2. thirty eight 45-d-old japanese quails were divided into two groups (experimental and control, 15 females +4 males in each group) and were fed on a maize-soya diet balanced in all nutrients. the diet of the experimental quails was supplemented with aurofusarin at the level of 26.4 mg/kg feed in the form of fusarium graminearum culture enriched with aurofusarin. at th ... | 2001 | 11811917 |
| absorption, transportation and digestion of egg white in quail embryos. | the present study was done to reveal how egg white is taken up by embryonic tissues, the pathway through which egg white is transported, and the location where it is digested during the development of the quail coturnix japonica. antiserum against quail ovalbumin was raised in rabbit and used as a probe. by immunoelectron microscopy, the uptake of ovalbumin on a small scale by receptor-mediated endocytosis was observed in the ectodermal cells of the yolk sac on days four to seven of incubation. ... | 2002 | 11869288 |
| evaluation of a japanese quail fibrosarcoma cell line (qt-35) for use in the propagation and detection of metapneumovirus. | a japanese quail fibrosarcoma cell line (qt-35) was evaluated and compared to vero cells for its utility in metapneumovirus propagation, titration and serological detection by indirect immunofluorescence staining. cell characteristics such as growth kinetics at different passage levels and seeding density in 96-well plates using various media formulations were studied in order to determine suitable assay parameters. specifically, qt-35 cells supported the replication of a subgroup a metapneumovi ... | 2002 | 11879695 |
| antioxidant systems of the developing quail embryo are compromised by mycotoxin aurofusarin. | the effects of aurofusarin in the quail diet on the antioxidant systems of the developing embryo are investigated. thirty eight 45-day-old japanese quails (coturnix japonica) were divided into two groups and were fed on a corn-soya diet or the same diet supplemented with aurofusarin at the level of 26.4 mg/kg feed in the form of fusarium graminearum culture enriched with aurofusarin. eggs obtained after 7 weeks of feeding were incubated. samples of quail tissues were collected at day 17 of embry ... | 2002 | 11879787 |
| auditory stimulus-induced changes in immediate-early gene expression related to an inborn perceptual predisposition. | auditory-induced expression of the immediate-early gene zenk was examined in 18 brain areas of domestic chicken and japanese quail subjects with no previous exposure to parental vocalizations. after one 30-min exposure (approximately 120 calls) within 24 h of hatching to either the chicken or quail maternal call, paired subjects from each species showed significantly more intense levels of zenk staining to conspecific (own species) calls. single brain areas did not show consistent, large differe ... | 2002 | 11935228 |
| effects of vitamin c and vitamin e on lipid peroxidation status, serum hormone, metabolite, and mineral concentrations of japanese quails reared under heat stress (34 degrees c). | this study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary vitamin c (l-ascorbic acid) and vitamin e (alpha-tocopherol acetate) on lipid peroxidation status measured as mda and serum triiodothyronine (t3), thyroxine (t4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth), as well as some other serum metabolite and mineral concentrations of japanese quails reared under heat stress (34 degrees c). one hundred-eighty 10-day-old japanese quails were randomly assigned to six tre ... | 2002 | 11944200 |
| adeno-associated virus-mediated transfer of human acid maltase gene results in a transient reduction of glycogen accumulation in muscle of japanese quail with acid maltase deficiency. | glycogen storage disease type ii (gsd ii), pompe's disease, is caused by the deficiency of acid alpha-d-glucosidase (gaa) in lysosome and is the most common form of gsd in taiwan. most cases are the infantile form. the disease is relentless and most patients die of cardiac failure and respiratory tract infection in the first year of life. at present, no treatment has been proved effective for this fatal disease. the applicability of enzyme replacement therapy is under investigation. however, hig ... | 2002 | 11973631 |
| a comparative cytogenetic study of chromosome homology between chicken and japanese quail. | in order to construct a chicken (gallus gallus) cytogenetic map, we isolated 134 genomic dna clones as new cytogenetic markers from a chicken cosmid dna library, and mapped these clones to chicken chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization. forty-five and 89 out of 134 clones were localized to macrochromosomes and microchromosomes, respectively. the 45 clones, which localized to chicken macrochromosomes (chromosomes 1-8 and the z chromosome) were used for comparative mapping of japanese q ... | 2001 | 11978979 |
| testing homology of loci for two plumage colors, "lavender" and "recessive white," with chicken and japanese quail hybrids. | homology for two plumage color loci was studied by hybridization between chickens and japanese quail. first, chicken-quail hybrids were produced from homozygous "lavender" chicken cocks and "bleu" japanese quail, and all 30 hybrids had the same parental slate blue plumage color. on the other hand, no hybrids with this plumage were obtained out of 18 progeny from the same cocks and wild-type quail. these results show that the slate blue plumage color is determined by homologous loci in japanese q ... | 2002 | 12011184 |
| phylogenetic analysis in chicken breeds inferred from complete cytochrome b gene information. | complete cytochrome b (cyt b) gene (1140 bp) nucleotide sequences were used to investigate characteristics of the genetic constitution of chunky broiler chickens, and these were compared with the hy-line and wl-gm (garber) line of white leghorn, the gsp line of fayoumi, the bm-c line of black minorca (egg-chickens), and an outgroup of wild-origin japanese quail. a high genetic difference (five haplotypes) was observed at the cytochrome b region in the chunky broiler in contrast to the high homol ... | 2002 | 12017507 |
| expression of myostatin is not altered in lines of poultry exhibiting myofiber hyper- and hypoplasia. | decades of selective breeding have yielded lines of poultry with substantial myofiber hyperplasia, vet little is known about what genes have been altered during the course of selection. myostatin is a strong negative regulator of muscle mass in mice and cattle and could have been one of many genetic factors contributing to increased myofiber deposition in growth-selected lines of poultry. to test this hypothesis, the sequence and expression patterns of myostatin were analyzed in growth-selected ... | 2002 | 12079046 |
| microsatellite loci in japanese quail and cross-species amplification in chicken and guinea fowl. | in line with the gifu university's initiative to map the japanese quail genome, a total of 100 japanese quail microsatellite markers isolated in our laboratory were evaluated in a population of 20 unrelated quails randomly sampled from a colony of wild quail origin. ninety-eight markers were polymorphic with an average of 3.7 alleles per locus and a mean heterozygosity of 0.423. to determine the utility of these markers for comparative genome mapping in phasianidae, cross-species amplification o ... | 2002 | 12081810 |
| [the effect of argon-containing hypoxic gas environment on development of japanese quail embryos]. | in case of acute hypoxic hypoxia argon in the gas environment is favorable to survivability of laboratory animals (rats). our purpose was to evaluate effects of an argon-containing hypoxic gas environment on embryogenesis of the japanese quail (cortunix cortunix japonica). eggs of the japanese quail were incubated in a pressurized chamber with a hypoxic gas environment differing in concentration of nitrogen and argon. in hypoxic (10% o2) oxygen-nitrogen and oxygen-nitrogen-argon atmospheres tota ... | 2002 | 12098947 |
| expression of s-100 protein in intercalated duct cells of bovine pancreas. | although mutoh et al. have found intercalated ducts in the pancreatic islets of avians, including the chicken, moorhen (gallinula chloorpus), and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), and even demonstrated the functions of intercalated duct cells in pancreatic islets, to our knowledge, there have been only a few reports on the relationship between intercalated ducts and islets in mammalia. accordingly, in this study, we investigated whether intercalated ducts are morphologically related t ... | 2002 | 12126053 |
| selection of japanese quail for reduced adrenocortical responsiveness accelerates puberty in males. | differences in the onset of puberty were assessed in male japanese quail from a random-bred (rb, control) line and two lines that had been genetically selected for reduced (low stress, ls) or exaggerated (high stress, hs) plasma corticosterone response to brief mechanical restraint. at 42 d of age, cloacal gland area (carea) and volume (cvol), proportion of individuals that produced cloacal gland foam (picf), and intensity of cloacal gland foam production (cfp) were examined in 60 representative ... | 2002 | 12162347 |
| production and characterization of a turkey sperm mitochondrial monoclonal antibody and its usefulness for assessment of sperm integrity. | a monoclonal antibody (4c7/2e4) that binds to an antigen located on the midpiece of turkey spermatozoa has been produced and characterized. the antibody was also reactive to antigens on the midpiece of chicken, japanese quail, and bobwhite quail spermatozoa but was unreactive to spermatozoa from guinea fowl, human, horse, boar, and bull. immunogold transmission electron microscopy of turkey spermatozoa showed that the antibody was associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane. titratable anti ... | 2002 | 12162348 |
| effects of hemicastration and castration on foam production and its relationship with fertility in male japanese quail. | healthy heavy body weight strain of adult male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) of the same age were used in this study to observe the effect of hemicastration and castration on the frequency of foam discharges from cloacal gland and other related parameters. the quails were housed in individual cages and divided into four groups: control (intact birds), sham-operated control (intact birds with incision), hemicastrated, and castrated groups of birds. hemicastration and castration were ... | 2002 | 12182362 |
| evidence for species differences in the pattern of androgen receptor distribution in relation to species differences in an androgen-dependent behavior. | chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) and japanese quail (coturnix japonica), two closely related gallinaceous bird species, exhibit a form of vocalization-crowing-which differs between the species in two components: its temporal acoustic pattern and its accompanying postural motor pattern. previous work utilizing the quail-chick chimera technique demonstrated that the species-specific characteristics of the two crow components are determined by distinct brain structures: the midbrain confers the ... | 2002 | 12210104 |
| effects of exogenous testosterone on testicular luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone receptors during aging. | during aging, the male japanese quail exhibits a loss of fertility, increased morphological abnormalities in the testes, and a higher incidence of sertoli cell tumors. although there is a coincident loss of reproductive behavior, plasma androgen levels remain high until testicular regression occurs in association with senescence. the purpose of this study was to compare mean specific binding of chicken luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) as a measure of testicular rec ... | 2002 | 12324665 |
| social influences on food choices of norway rats and mate choices of japanese quail. | | 2002 | 12354687 |
| imitative learning in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) using the bidirectional control procedure. | in the bidirectional control procedure, observers are exposed to a conspecific demonstrator responding to a manipulandum in one of two directions (e.g., left vs. right). this procedure controls for socially mediated effects (the mere presence of a conspecific) and stimulus enhancement (attention drawn to a manipulandum by its movement), and it has the added advantage of being symmetrical (the two different responses are similar in topography). imitative learning is demonstrated when the observer ... | 2002 | 12391793 |
| [lampbrush chromosomes in the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica: cytological maps of macro chromosomes and meiotic crossover frequency in females]. | cytological maps of lampbrush macrobivalents of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were constructed. investigation of chiasmata allowed determination of the meiotic frequency of reciprocal genetic recombination (crossing over) in japanese quail females. the total chiasma number in bivalents of japanese quail oocyte nuclei was determined to be 53-58. macrobivalents 1-5 and z of the japanese quail had on average 3.3 chiasmata per bivalent, and microbivalents, 1.0-1.1 chiasmata per biv ... | 2002 | 12391886 |