| cloning and characterization of a chlamydia psittaci gene coding for a protein localized in the inclusion membrane of infected cells. | chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria which occupy a non-acidified vacuole (the inclusion) throughout their developmental cycle. little is known about events leading to the establishment and maintenance of the chlamydial inclusion membrane. to identify chlamydial proteins which are unique to the intracellular phase of the life cycle, an expression library of chlamydia psittaci dna was screened with convalescent antisera from infected animals and hyperimmune antisera generated against fo ... | 1995 | 7783634 |
| utility of complement fixation and microimmunofluorescence assays for detecting serologic responses in patients with clinically diagnosed psittacosis. | the serodiagnosis of human psittacosis was considerably improved by a microimmunofluorescence (mif) assay that uses selected strains of chlamydia psittaci, c. pneumoniae, and c. trachomatis as antigens. the 78 patients examined in the study were clinically diagnosed as having psittacosis on the basis of compatible clinical symptoms following exposure to sick birds. the conventional complement fixation (cf) test identified 36 patients, or 46% (36 of 78) of the total, as positive. antibody respons ... | 1994 | 7814477 |
| [clinical and serological studies in six cases of chlamydial pneumonia]. | clinical and serological studies of chlamydial pneumonia were done in six patients (three men and three women). the other three patients had no avian contact and showed almost the same clinical symptom. acute infection with chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae were diagnosed in two patients and in one patient, respectively, by mfa. because in some cases chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia are difficult to differentiate, it is necessary to use a test that allows ... | 1994 | 7815757 |
| pneumonia in moorish tortoises (testudo graeca) associated with avian serovar a chlamydia psittaci. | | 1994 | 7817509 |
| analysis of the amino sugar composition of chlamydia psittaci lipopolysaccharide. | | 1994 | 7817901 |
| the evidence of circulation of some viruses in a great town of romania during the first half of 1992. | complex serological survey performed in the town b. during the first half of 1992 emphasized an active circulation of some respiratory viruses, especially of parainfluenza type 3 and 1, influenza subtypes a(h3n2) and a(h1n1), adeno and syncytial respiratory as well as of mycoplasma pneumoniae. less important was the frequence of antibodies against chlamydia psittaci, east equine, west nile and tick-borne encephalitis as well as parainfluenza type 2 and influenza type b viruses. | 1993 | 7826877 |
| [treatment of community-acquired pneumonia by pristinamycin (pyostacine 500). results of a non comparative open study]. | activity of natural streptogramin (nsg) appears well adapted to pathogens responsible for cap. the goal of this multicenter pilot study was to bring first data about efficacy of nsg in treatment of cap. patients method: ten days of a nsg (1 gr b.i.d. or t.i.d.) regimen was administered to 46 hospitalized adult patients for cap defined with fever > 38 degrees c, respiratory symptoms and x-ray opacity. severely ill patients were excluded. a broncho-pulmonar sample (expectoration or trantracheal as ... | 1994 | 7839051 |
| 'atypical' bacteria are a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised adults. | to assess the proportion of cases of community-acquired pneumonia caused by 'atypical' bacteria, including the recently discovered chlamydia pneumoniae, and to compare the clinical, radiographic and laboratory features of patients with and without 'atypical' bacteria. | 1994 | 7839256 |
| monoclonal antibody to a major outer membrane protein of feline chlamydia psittaci: antibody specificity and anti-idiotype antibody production. | a murine monoclonal antibody, f1-8, was developed against the purified major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydia psittaci feline pneumonitis (fpn). f1-8 showed a serotype-specific activity against intact fpn elementary bodies in a micro-immunofluorescence assay. in immunoblot, f1-8 reacted only with the fpn momp but did not react with the momps from other strains of c. psittaci and c. trachomatis. f1-8 neutralized fpn infectivity in l929 cell culture in a dose-dependent and complement ind ... | 1994 | 7839581 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin, a new azalide antibiotic, against chlamydia. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin against chlamydia were investigated. the mic of azithromycin for five standard strains of different species of chlamydia and six wild-type strains of chlamydia pneumoniae was 0.125 microgram/ml, which was superior to that of erythromycin but inferior to those of clarithromycin and minocycline. however, the therapeutic effect of a 7-day course of azithromycin at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight administered orally once daily to mice with experi ... | 1994 | 7840560 |
| detection of chlamydia psittaci (ovis) antigen in tissue sections and mccoy cells using streptavidin-biotin and the imagen staining method. | two procedures for identifying chlamydial antigen in infected mccoy cells and tissue sections are described. both the streptavidin-biotin method and the imagen test clearly detected chlamydial antigen in ovine placental tissue sections and in infected mccoy cells before they could be detected by conventional stains. the streptavidin-biotin method is lengthy, but specific and sensitive, and the slides can be kept indefinitely for later examination. by contrast, the imagen test is a single step pr ... | 1994 | 7850445 |
| the lps localization might explain the lack of protection of lps-specific antibodies in abortion-causing chlamydia psittaci infections. | four monoclonal antibodies against chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used to study their localization and distribution in the chlamydia psittaci ab7 abortion-causing strain by immunoelectron microscopy. a non-embedding technique on whole chlamydiae, together with a post-embedding technique on mccoy cells infected with the strain, were performed. immunogold labelling was observed on the surface of reticular bodies (rb), but not on elementary bodies (eb). immunolabelling was observed in ult ... | 1994 | 7871240 |
| [a case report of psittacosis and chlamydial isolation from a patient]. | a 48-year-old female was seen at our hospital after having a severe fever of nearly 40 degrees c, for a period of 9 days. she complained of pain in the left side of her chest. an x-ray examination revealed a slight infiltration of the upper and middle lung fields. at this time, it was learned that the women's pet bird had recently died. this case was diagnosed as acute pneumonia due to psittacosis. therefore the administration of roxithromycin was started. after a few day her condition improved. ... | 1994 | 7876678 |
| control of disease by selective iron depletion: a novel therapeutic strategy utilizing iron chelators. | recognition of the central role of iron in the generation of toxic, oxygen-derived species through the haber-weiss reaction, the ability of desferrioxamine (dfx) to prevent the damage associated with free radical generation in reperfusion injury, and its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by inactivation of the iron dependent enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, resulted in an increasing number of studies exploring the novel therapeutic applications of iron chelating drugs: (a) animal models of ... | 1994 | 7881162 |
| deviation of immune response to chlamydia psittaci outer membrane protein in lipopolysaccharide-hyporesponsive mice. | the outcome of infection is determined by both the quantity and the quality of an induced immune response. in particular, it has been demonstrated for selected pathogens that induction of th1 or th2 type helper t-cell subsets determines whether an immune response gives rise to protective immunity or disease-associated immunopathology. the nature of the antigen and the type of antigen-presenting cells recruited in the induction of a response are critical factors that influence the quality of the ... | 1995 | 7890400 |
| expression and translocation of the chlamydial major outer membrane protein in escherichia coli. | the entire gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) from chlamydia psittaci strain gpic has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a tightly regulated t7 promoter is used to control expression of the protein in escherichia coli. upon induction of expression, the precursor (pre-momp) is synthesized in the cell. this is followed by the appearance of a lower molecular weight protein that comigrates with mature momp from chlamydial elementary bodies by both one-dimensional sodiu ... | 1993 | 7911969 |
| taxonomic studies of rickettsiella, rickettsia, and chlamydia using genomic dna. | invertebrate pathogens of the genus rickettsiella (order rickettsiales) undergo a developmental cycle more characteristic of chlamydial organisms (order chlamydiales) than of typical rickettsiae. moreover, among recognized species of rickettsiella, there is considerable variation in host range and in the ultrastructure and development of the infectious stage, i.e., the elementary body. to begin an analysis of the taxonomic relationships of the invertebrate pathogens belonging to the genus ricket ... | 1994 | 7912708 |
| role for cd8+ t cells in antichlamydial immunity defined by chlamydia-specific t-lymphocyte clones. | the role of cd8+ t cells in antichlamydial immunity was investigated in a murine model of chlamydial genital infection by using t-cell clones generated against the chlamydia trachomatis agent of mouse pneumonitis (mopn). two cd8+ t-cell clones tested (2.1f and 2.14-9) were chlamydia antigen specific and mhc restricted and reacted against mopn as well as the chlamydia psittaci agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis and c. trachomatis serovar e, suggesting the recognition of a genus-specific ... | 1994 | 7927806 |
| characterization of lipoprotein enva in chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the primary sequence of the small cysteine-rich protein (enva) of chlamydia psittaci 6bc has been shown to possess a potential lipid modification/signal peptidase ii-processing site, and the mature protein was labeled by a [3h]palmitic acid precursor. we further characterized the mature enva, showing that it lacks the n-terminal methionine of the primary peptide, is hydrophobic despite a peptide sequence that is predicted to be hydrophilic, and appears to be lipid modified at an n-terminal cyste ... | 1994 | 7928970 |
| survey for selected diseases in nutria (myocastor coypus) from louisiana. | thirty-two trapper-caught nutria (myocastor coypus) from east baton rouge, iberville, tangipahoa, and st. helena parishes in louisiana (usa) were sampled for several disease agents. antibodies against toxoplasma gondii, chlamydia psittaci, francisella tularensis, leptospira spp., and encephalomyocarditis virus were detected in 7%, 14%, 0%, 7%, and 0% of nutria, respectively. both animals seropositive for leptospirae were positive for l. interrogans serovar canicola. no salmonella spp. were isola ... | 1994 | 7933295 |
| an indirect microimmunofluorescence test for detection of chlamydial antibodies in ovine fetal fluids. | the objective of this study was to evaluate an indirect microimmunofluorescence test (imif) for detection of chlamydial antibodies in serum and/or thoracic fluids of aborted ovine fetuses. one hundred eighty-two ovine fetuses, including 64 fetuses from 40 ewes that were experimentally infected with an ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci at gestation days 90-100, 10 fetuses from 6 normal ewes, and 108 fetuses selected from those received at the iowa veterinary diagnostic laboratory, were ... | 1994 | 7948200 |
| serological survey of infections in waterfowl in the guadalquivir marshes (spain). | a serological survey was performed in the guadalquivir marshes (southern spain) in order to determine the presence and diffusion of six infective agents in wild waterfowl. the analysis covered 712 waterfowl from 13 species belonging to five taxa (podicipediformes, ciconiiformes, anseriformes, gruiformes, and charadriiformes). a range of immunological techniques led to detection of antibodies against the six infective agents studied: chlamydia psittaci (13.3%), mycoplasma anatis (3.5%), pasteurel ... | 1994 | 7980291 |
| [the immunogenicity of a vaccine against enzootic abortion in sheep]. | immunogenicity of vaccine against enzootic abortion of ewes (epo) was evaluated in sheep and laboratory white mice. the vaccine contained purified and formalin-inactivated corpuscules of chlamydia psittaci. experiment was performed on ten sheep, slovak merino breed, which were negative before vaccination in serological assays and blastic transformation of lymphocytes (btl) tests. the animals were immunized subcutaneously with 2 ml of vaccine which contained 100 micrograms (sheep no. 1-4) and 20 ... | 1994 | 7992468 |
| [activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and hematologic picture in rabbits immunized with chlamydia psittaci]. | the study was aimed at investigation of selected elements of nonspecific immunity (spontaneous and stimulated nbt reduction test and myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophilic granulocytes) and specific serological response in rabbits immunized twice with suspension of cells of c. psittaci inactivated by formaldehyde. specific antibodies were detected by complement fixation test and in a titer of 16 or higher were found between 42 and 56 day of the experiment. statistically significant decrease of ... | 1994 | 7996939 |
| clinical aspects of chlamydia psittaci infection in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | two groups of six cats were established, one a control group and one infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) 18 months previously. the cats in both groups were inoculated with chlamydia psittaci and the clinical progression of the infection was monitored by means of a clinical scoring system for 10 months. haematological, serological and viral and chlamydial isolation studies were also made. the response of the fiv infected group to treatment with oxytetracycline was monitored in the 1 ... | 1994 | 8009798 |
| chlamydia psittaci infections in birds: a review on the pathogenesis and histopathological features. | in this review the literature on the pathogenesis and histopathological features of chlamydia psittaci infections in birds and their significance for psittacosis/ornithosis in humans is summarized. models of experimental infections to elucidate the pathogenicity of avian strains are discussed briefly. | 1994 | 8009817 |
| enhancement of in vitro transcription by addition of cloned, overexpressed major sigma factor of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | | 1994 | 8021204 |
| the role of branhamella ovis, mycoplasma conjunctivae and chlamydia psittaci in conjunctivitis of sheep. | smooth (s) and rough (r) types of branhamella ovis were used alone and in conjunction with mycoplasma conjunctivae and chlamydia psittaci in attempts to produce conjunctivitis in lambs. this was only successful with one s-type previously isolated from a clinical case of conjunctivitis. in experimental mixed infection, b. ovis contributed to the severity of ovine keratoconjunctivitis attributable to infection with mycoplasma conjunctivae. when b. ovis and c. psittaci were inoculated into the conj ... | 1994 | 8025837 |
| serologic survey and serum biochemical reference ranges of the free-ranging mountain lion (felis concolor) in california. | serum samples from 58 mountain lions (felis concolor) in california (usa) were collected between april 1987 and february 1990. nineteen serum samples were used for serum biochemistry determinations; the ranges were similar to reference values in domestic cats, captive exotic felidae and free-ranging mountain lions. a serological survey was conducted to determine whether antibodies were present against selected infectious agents. fifty-four (93%) of 58 sera had antibodies against feline panleukop ... | 1994 | 8028105 |
| the importance of interferon-gamma in an early infection of chlamydia psittaci in mice. | athymic mice (nu/nu) and their hairy littermates (nu/+) were infected experimentally with chlamydia psittaci and the role of endogenous interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on the resolution of the infection was studied. the pathological changes produced in the spleen, liver and lung were exacerbated by administration of a monoclonal antibody (mab) to ifn-gamma and an increased number of viable chlamydiae were recovered from the tissues of both nu/+ and nu/nu mice treated in this way. | 1994 | 8039814 |
| probable transmission of chlamydia psittaci from a macaw to a cat. | a 5-year-old siamese cat developed unilateral mucopurulent ocular discharge and conjunctivitis 1 month after the introduction of a macaw into the household. despite treatment with antimicrobial ophthalmic ointment, the conjunctivitis became bilateral and other systemic signs developed. intracellular inclusions consistent with a chlamydia psittaci infection were detected in conjunctival epithelial cells stained with a fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody. chlamydia psittaci was isolated from s ... | 1994 | 8050975 |
| abortion and subsequent excretion of chlamydiae from the reproductive tract of sheep during estrus. | chlamydia psittaci serovar 1 infection in pregnant sheep typically causes abortion or the birth of weak lambs. eight sheep that experienced chlamydia-induced abortion during their first pregnancy were successfully rebred yearly for the past 2 years. chlamydia-specific lipopolysaccharide was detectable for approximately 3 weeks in vaginal swabs taken from the experimentally infected sheep following abortion. there was no evidence of chlamydiae in vaginal, placental, or neonatal samples obtained i ... | 1994 | 8063395 |
| the development of proliferative responses of ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells to chlamydia psittaci during pregnancy. | in vitro lymphoproliferative responses to chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies were detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pregnant sheep infected with c. psittaci. these responses were suppressed in cells collected in the immediate peri-parturient period, but returned to levels significantly above background within 14 days. infection also suppressed the lymphoproliferative response to the t-cell mitogen con a until abortion or lambing, but did not affect the proliferative respons ... | 1994 | 8066993 |
| resolution of murine chlamydial genital infection by the adoptive transfer of a biovar-specific, th1 lymphocyte clone. | mopn-specific t-cell clones were isolated from a t-cell line that was capable of curing chlamydial genital infection by the chlamydia trachomatis agent of mouse pneumonitis (mopn) after adoptive transfer. two clones (designated as 2.14-0 and 2.14-3) were characterized by flow cytometry techniques to be homogenous for l3t4, cd3, and alpha/beta t cell receptor (tcr) t-helper cell markers. the two clones were biovar specific, because they reacted to mopn but not the chlamydia psittaci agent of guin ... | 1993 | 8068534 |
| evaluation of five immunoassays for detection of chlamydia psittaci in cloacal and conjunctival specimens from turkeys. | five commercially available immunoassays were evaluated for the detection of chlamydia psittaci in cloacal and conjunctival swabs from industrially raised turkeys: imagen (dako diagnostics, ely, cambridgeshire, united kingdom), chlamydia cel-vet if (cellabs, brookvale, australia), ideia (dako diagnostics), celisa (cellabs), and clearview (unipath, bedford, united kingdom). results were compared with isolation in buffalo green monkey cells as a reference method. for the conjunctival samples, the ... | 1994 | 8077391 |
| role of h-2 and non-h-2-related genes in mouse susceptibility to chlamydia psittaci. | the genetic control of mouse susceptibility to chlamydia psittaci was investigated after intravenous inoculation of 2 x 10(5) plaque-forming units (pfu). splenic counts 6 days after inoculation gave the level of susceptibility. results from inoculation of mice from h-2 congenic strains with three different genetic backgrounds (b10, balb and c3h) suggested that both the non-h-2 genes and the genes of h-2 complex or those closely associated with it, were responsible for the observed differences in ... | 1994 | 8090080 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphisms of rrna as genetic markers to differentiate chlamydia spp. | restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) of rrna genes of chlamydia spp. were analyzed. a southern analysis of chromosomal dna digests with cloned rrna gene probes revealed the presence of one locus for rrna genes on chromosomal dnas in chlamydia psittaci, chlamydia pecorum, and chlamydia pneumoniae and two loci in chlamydia trachomatis. the rflps of rrna genes were characteristic for each chlamydia sp. dna probes cloned from flanking regions of the rrna genes of avian c. psittaci hybri ... | 1993 | 8102247 |
| a rickettsia-like organism from ixodes uriae ticks collected on the kerguelen islands (french subantarctic territories). | a rickettsia-like microorganism was isolated in suckling mice from ixodes uriae ticks collected from penguins breeding on mayes island, kerguelen archipelago, french subantarctic territories. at isolation, this agent mimicked a tick-borne arbovirus. finally, electron microscopy studies of infected suckling mouse livers showed the presence of inclusions filled with pleomorphic microorganism in the cytoplasm of some hepatocytes, sometimes dividing by binary fission and thus of obviously non-viral ... | 1993 | 8105647 |
| chlamydia psittaci. an uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia. | chlamydia psittaci is an uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia. fewer than 200 cases of psittacosis are reported annually to the centers for disease control and prevention; however, many cases are believed to be unreported. unrecognized cases not properly treated may result in significant morbidity and possibly have a fatal outcome. we describe a 42-year-old man with multilobar pneumonia and respiratory compromise secondary to infection with c psittaci. the patient also exhibited hepati ... | 1993 | 8111531 |
| remarkable sequence relatedness in the dna encoding the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia psittaci (koala type i) and chlamydia pneumoniae. | dna encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) of the koala type-i strain of chlamydia psittaci (pathogen responsible for blindness and infertility in koalas) was cloned and sequenced. comparison with momp gene sequences from other chlamydial species revealed a remarkable degree of homology (> 97%) with that of the human pathogen, chlamydia pneumoniae. in comparison, the sequence only shared 75% dna sequence homology with other c. psittaci members and 69% homology with c. trachomatis. the ... | 1994 | 8125292 |
| primary pathogenicity of an european isolate of chlamydia psittaci from turkey poults. | chlamydia psittaci was isolated as the sole pathogenic agent from a severe outbreak of respiratory disease in a commercial broiler turkey farm in the netherlands. the mortality rate in the flocks was 65%. clinical signs included conjunctivitis, swelling of the sinus infraorbitalis and sneezing. cloacal excretion of chlamydia was demonstrated in twelve out of fifteen birds examined by a direct immunofluorescence test. in all the fifteen birds antibodies against chlamydia psittaci were detected in ... | 1993 | 8128594 |
| cytokine-mediated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induction in response to chlamydia infection in human macrophage cultures. | the purpose of this study was to characterize further the events leading to the metabolic degradation of tryptophan in chlamydia-infected cultures in the absence of added interferon (ifn). macrophages on coverslips were infected with chlamydia psittaci, and tryptophan decyclization was determined 24 h later by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. tryptophan metabolites cochromatographed with kynurenine and n-formylkynurenine, the end products of tryptophan decyclization by the i ... | 1994 | 8132317 |
| chlamydial serologic studies and recurrent spontaneous abortion. | our purpose was to investigate the putative association between immunoglobulin g antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis and recurrent spontaneous abortions. | 1994 | 8141201 |
| homogeneity of the major outer membrane protein gene of feline chlamydia psittaci. | thirteen feline chlamydia psittaci strains isolated in various countries over a 50-year period were examined by restriction mapping of the major outer membrane protein (momp) gene obtained after dna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction and compared with avian, ovine and guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) c psittaci strains. all the feline isolates produced a unique alui pattern distinct from the other c psittaci strains and were characterised by a typical fragment doublet of 18 ... | 1994 | 8146443 |
| [chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia and chlamydia psittaci pneumonia]. | | 1994 | 8151956 |
| lipopolysaccharide smooth-rough phase variation in bacteria of the genus chlamydia. | in two strains of chlamydia psittaci and in chlamydia trachomatis serotype l1, we have detected a so-far-unknown antigen which (i) is resistant to heat and proteolytic digestion, (ii) can be extracted with phenol-water into the water phase, (iii) gives a ladder-like banding pattern in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, (iv) is immunogenic in rabbits and mice, and (v) contains immunoreactivity of lipid a, a common and characteristic component of gram-negative lipopolysacch ... | 1994 | 8188348 |
| antiparasitic and antiproliferative effects of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme expression in human fibroblasts. | studies were carried out to evaluate the proposed role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (indo) induction in the antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in human fibroblasts. the indo cdna coding region was cloned in the pmep4 expression vector, containing the metallothionein (mtii) promoter in the sense (+ve) or the antisense (-ve) orientation. human fibroblasts (gm637) stably transfected with the sense construct expressed indo activity after treatment with cdcl ... | 1994 | 8188349 |
| enhancement of in vitro transcription by addition of cloned, overexpressed major sigma factor of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | obligate parasitic bacteria of the genus chlamydia possess a developmental cycle that takes place entirely within eucaryotic host cells. because standard methods of genetic analysis are not available for chlamydiae, an in vitro transcription system has been developed to elucidate the mechanisms by which chlamydiae regulate gene expression. the in vitro system is specific for chlamydial promoters but is inefficient, presumably because the rna polymerase is not saturated with sigma factor. therefo ... | 1994 | 8188604 |
| chlamydial etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in the sudan. | the role of chlamydia pneumoniae in 110 sudanese children with signs of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) was investigated. four (3.6%) had evidence of c. pneumoniae infection, of whom 3 were culture-positive, while 1 had an antibody response suggesting a recent infection. igg antibodies at a titer of > or = 1:32 to c. pneumoniae, chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis were detected in 27 (24.5%), 27 (24.5%) and 7 (6.4%) of the 110 alri cases, respectively. c. pneumoniae, c. ... | 1994 | 8193496 |
| [pilot study of the occurrence of chlamydia psittaci infections in commercial turkey flocks in niedersachsen]. | turkeys from 8 commercial flocks, of which were 6 clinically healthy, were examined by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay systems for genus-specific chlamydia antigens and also for antibodies against chlamydia psittaci in 4 flocks. results of the tests indicate the presence of chlamydia psittaci infections in all 8 flocks. the percentage of combined cloacal and conjunctival swabs positive for chlamydia antigen ranged from 20-91% [20-70%] whereas the percentage of antibody-positive serum sa ... | 1994 | 8205970 |
| rapid diagnosis of chlamydia psittaci pneumonia. | two cases of chlamydia psittaci pneumonia are presented. in each, a rapid diagnosis was made through the use of direct immunofluorescent antibody staining of respiratory secretions with monoclonal antibodies to chlamydial antigens. in one case the diagnosis was confirmed by the isolation of the causative organism from sputum and a pharyngeal swab. chlamydial lipopolysaccharide was detectable in sputum from this patient in an enzyme immunoassay. serological responses to c. psittaci, chlamydia tra ... | 1993 | 8218673 |
| [enrofloxacin (baytril)--an alternative for psittacosis prevention and therapy in imported psittacines]. | it was the aim of the presented work to test enrofloxacin under field conditions of compulsory prophylaxis and treatment of psittacosis, as jung (1993) had already demonstrated the effectiveness of this antibiotic against chlamydia psittaci. during official quarantine 22 groups comprising 2536 birds were treated with baytril. with suitable feed like steamed maize and a dose of 500 mg/kg enrofloxacin the mean blood values ranged from 0.9 to 4.1 micrograms/ml within the different species. applicat ... | 1993 | 8223239 |
| clinical and laboratory findings in chronic conjunctivitis in cats: 91 cases (1983-1991). | clinical findings and laboratory test results from 91 cats with chronic conjunctivitis were studied to determine the causes of the disease and the sensitivity of diagnostic procedures used, and to identify correlations between results of various diagnostic procedures and clinical or signalment variations. mean age of affected cats was 2.9 +/- 2.7 years (+/- sd), with a range from 1 month to 11 years. conjunctivitis was more likely to be bilateral (56 cats) than unilateral (35 cats). in cats test ... | 1993 | 8226238 |
| feline bordetellosis: challenge and vaccine studies. | four eight-week-old cats, shown to be free from feline calicivirus, feline herpesvirus and chlamydia psittaci were challenged with an aerosol of bordetella bronchiseptica. within five days the cats developed signs of respiratory disease, characterised by nasal discharge, sneezing, spontaneous or induced coughing and dry or wet rales at auscultation. these signs were present for about 10 days, after which they began to resolve. to test the protective capacity of an experimental fimbrial antigen-b ... | 1993 | 8236648 |
| comparison of different serological methods for the determination of antibodies to chlamydia psittaci in pigeon sera. | several methods for detecting antibodies to chlamydia psittaci using sera from pigeons were compared with regard to their sensitivity, specificity and efficacy. the reference method used was indirect immunofluorescence (ifi), which uses as antigen intracellular inclusions in mccoy cell monolayers. indirect micro-immunofluorescence (mif) using as antigen c. psittaci cultured on yolk sacs of embryonated eggs, direct and indirect complement fixation tests (cft and icft, respectively), and enzyme-li ... | 1993 | 8237193 |
| an epidemic of avian and human psittacosis. | psittacosis may occur in epidemic or sporadic form. we report an outbreak of avian and human psittacosis associated with an aviary in philadelphia, pa. the epidemic spread among birds in the aviary and then to men and women who were in contact with the birds. chlamydia psittaci was cultured from infected birds, and the human patients were evaluated clinically and serologically. after proper treatment of the birds, cleaning of their cages, and institution of appropriate bird-handling techniques, ... | 1993 | 8239852 |
| serologic survey for selected viral and rickettsial agents of brown bears (ursus arctos) in croatia. | sera from 22 (13 wild and nine captive) european brown bears (ursus arctos) from croatia were tested to 18 viral and rickettsial agents. serologic evidence of exposure was found to the following agents (number positive/number examined): bhanja virus (3/15), tahyna virus (3/15), west nile virus (4/15), naples sandfly fever virus (1/15), human adenovirus (1/22), influenza a (1/22) and b (1/22) virus, cytomegalovirus (1/22), parainfluenza virus 1 (2/22), chlamydia psittaci (1/22), coxiella burnetii ... | 1993 | 8258856 |
| protein antigens of chlamydia psittaci present in infected cells but not detected in the infectious elementary body. | ocular infection of guinea pigs with the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) strain of chlamydia psittaci produces a clinical condition representative of acute chlamydial conjunctivitis in humans. guinea pigs which had recovered from two challenges with gpic were used as a source of sera for the identification of antigens present in gpic-infected tissue culture cells but absent in the infectious elementary body (eb). immunoblots of lysates of infected hela cells probed with the convalesce ... | 1994 | 8262615 |
| etiology of acute encephalitis in childhood in slovenia. | the etiology of acute encephalitis was evaluated in a retrospective study of 170 children (98 boys and 72 girls) ages 1 month to 15 years, who were hospitalized during a 13-year period from 1979 to 1991. the etiology was confirmed or considered very probable in 68% of cases. the identified etiologic agents included central european tick-borne encephalitis virus (28.8%), varicella-zoster virus (17.0%), herpes simplex (10.0%), rubella (2.9%), mumps (2.3%), measles virus, chlamydia psittaci (1.1%) ... | 1993 | 8265278 |
| chlamydia psittaci as a cause of lethal bacterial endocarditis. | | 1993 | 8268378 |
| comparison of serological tests for the diagnosis of chlamydia psittaci infection of sheep. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed and compared with the complement fixation test (cft) and the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (iifat) for the detection of antibodies to c. psittaci in sheep. field sera and experimental sera from aborting ewes, subclinically infected sheep and vaccinated sheep were used. the elisa and iifat were much more sensitive than the cft. agreement between the cft and elisa varied between 50% and 98%, while agreement between the iifat an ... | 1993 | 8273271 |
| studies on experimental chlamydial mastitis in goat histoenzymology. | two strains of chlamydia psittaci (one isolated from aborted goat foetus and the other from brain of a buffalo calf that had died of meningoencephalitis) were injected intracisternally into six goats to produce experimental mastitis. cryostat sections of 7-8 microns thickness, obtained from udder, teat, liver and kidney of infected and control animals were incubated for histoenzymic demonstration of alkaline-(akpase), acid-(acpase) and adenosine-tri-(atpase) phosphatases; lactate-(ldh) and succi ... | 1993 | 8281744 |
| endometritis in cattle experimentally induced by chlamydia psittaci. | on the day of estrus, eight virgin heifers received intrauterine inoculations of yolk sac propagated chlamydia psittaci strain bovend 11/88 isolated from the uterus of a slaughter cow. all heifers developed purulent vaginal discharge which persisted for 3 to 7 weeks. chlamydiae or chlamydial antigen were detected in vaginal and uterine discharges of infected animals by culture or capture elisa, while other bacterial pathogens were not found. in sera of the chlamydia-infected heifers marked incre ... | 1993 | 8284957 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from a chicken egg: evidence of egg transmission. | | 1993 | 8284958 |
| comparison of type i and type ii chlamydia psittaci strains infecting koalas (phascolarctos cinereus). | the native australian marsupial phascolarctos cinereus, otherwise known as the koala, is prone to infection by the obligate intracellular parasite chlamydia psittaci, which causes ocular 'pink eye' and urogenital 'dirty tail' diseases. several chlamydial dna probes to both chromosomal and plasmid sequences were used to type by southern blot analysis 51 samples taken from wild and captive koalas from habitats on the eastern seaboard of australia as far apart as queensland and victoria. two types ... | 1993 | 8296453 |
| typing chlamydia psittaci--a review of methods and recent findings. | when the present chlamydial classification was established it was recognized that a wide variety of types were contained within the arbitrary designation chlamydia psittaci. early workers relied mostly on observations of growth characteristics to differentiate the types of c. psittaci isolated from a wide range of different hosts. the differences between isolates were confirmed serologically using a variety of tests of which the most sensitive was the micro-immunofluorescence (mif) test which wa ... | 1993 | 8298958 |
| reaction rate in cats vaccinated with a new controlled-titer feline panleukopenia-rhinotracheitis-calicivirus-chlamydia psittaci vaccine. | the safety profile of a new controlled-titer feline panleukopenia-rhinotracheitis-calicivirus-chlamydia psittaci vaccine was compared to that of a currently-marketed vaccine. of particular interest were delayed reactions (previously unreported in the literature in felines) occurring 7 to 21 days after vaccination, and the effect of concurrent vaccinations and cat age on the delayed reaction rate. nineteen hundred twenty-four doses of the new vaccine and 364 doses of the comparison vaccine were a ... | 1993 | 8306654 |
| evaluation of serological methods in the diagnosis of chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia during an epidemic in finland. | a complement fixation (cf) test, a micro-immunofluorescence (micro-if) test and an enzyme immunoassay (eia) using re-lipopolysaccharide as antigen were compared in the diagnosis of chlamydial infection in 136 mainly elderly patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia during a chlamydia pneumoniae epidemic in finland in 1986-1987. chlamydial pneumonia was diagnosed in 58 (42.6%) of the 136 pneumonia patients; 44 (75.9%) of them could be shown by micro-if to be caused by chlamydia pneu ... | 1993 | 8307044 |
| [detection of chlamydia pneumoniae by polymerase chain reaction]. | we aimed at developing a method for early detection of chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) from clinical specimens. for this purpose, we amplified c. pneumoniae-specific dna fragments by polymerase chain reaction. a pair of 24 mer of oligonucleotides which were complementary to the sequences within the region encoding the major outer membrane were synthesized and used as primers. as the results, all three standard strains of c. pneumoniae (ar-39, tw-183 and ar-388) were identified by the detect ... | 1993 | 8315297 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae]. | chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria with a biphasic life cycle. in 1986 a new species of chlamydiae, chlamydia psittaci twar was discovered, later named chlamydia pneumoniae. c. pneumoniae is probably an important pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in man, ranging from subclinical infection to life threatening pneumonia. infections can occur in epidemics. furthermore, associations between c. pneumoniae infection and coronary artery disease, lethal myocarditis and sarcoidosis ... | 1993 | 8317039 |
| antigenic analysis of chlamydia pecorum and mammalian chlamydia psittaci by use of monoclonal antibodies to the major outer membrane protein and a 56- to 64-kd protein. | monoclonal antibodies were prepared against 40- and 56- to 64-kd antigens of chlamydia pecorum strain maeda, which was isolated from a cow with pneumonia. using the monoclonal antibodies, 5 strains of c pecorum, 25 strains of mammalian and 19 strains of avian c psittaci, 1 strain of c pneumoniae, and 3 strains of c trachomatis were analyzed for immunologic reactivity by use of the indirect immunofluorescent test. monoclonal antibody analysis revealed immunologic relatedness between c pecorum and ... | 1993 | 8317762 |
| identification by western blots of virulence specific antigens of chlamydia psittaci isolated from ewes. | specific antigens of virulent strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from ruminants were characterized by western blotting. the immunoblot analyses were performed with chlamydial elementary bodies from abortive (ab7 strain) or intestinal (ib1 strain) chlamydiae using mouse and rabbit immune sera raised against viable chlamydiae or proteic extracts. eleven antigens were found to be ab7-specific, but only 4 (96, 90, 88 and 49-50 kda) were recognized by both mouse and rabbit sera against viable ab7 ... | 1993 | 8319009 |
| [intestinal chlamydia psittaci infection of cattle: frequency and technical aspects of the cultural detection of the agent]. | with the purpose to evaluate the prevalence of latent chlamydial infections in cattle, 190 animals were examined for fecal shedding of chlamydiae. from the feces of 42 animals (22.1%) chlamydia (c.) psittaci was grown either in the yolk sac of chicken embryos and/or in coverslip cultures of bgm-cells. the cell culture proved to be of lower susceptibility to chlamydial infections. in comparison with the chicken egg technique a sixfold quantity of chlamydial particles was required to initiate dete ... | 1993 | 8319548 |
| [study of cell populations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with pneumonia due to chlamydia psittaci and mycoplasma pneumoniae]. | we have performed bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) examination in 27 cases; 5 with chlamydial pneumonia, 7 with mycoplasmal pneumonia and 15 in the control group (5 non-smokers, 10 smokers), and the following results were obtained. 1. in chlamydial pneumonia and mycoplasmal pneumonia, the cell population of alveolar macrophages in balf decreased (p < 0.01) and that of lymphocytes increased compared with control group (p < 0.01). 2. in all cases of mycoplasmal pneumonia without peripheral eosinophili ... | 1993 | 8331841 |
| [pets as permanent excretors of zoonoses pathogens]. | when scrutinizing zoonoses with regard to risks for human beings, the spectrum of pathogens with dogs, cats and birds leading to persistent infections and consequently to the fact that the animals become carriers and permanent excretors is relatively small. most of the zoonoses cause clinical symptoms and will be taken care of correspondingly. with regard to dogs there is a multitude of persistent infections that are transferred from the pet to the human being and vice versa. in reality, however ... | 1993 | 8333899 |
| pyrimidine metabolism by intracellular chlamydia psittaci. | pyrimidine metabolism was studied in the obligate intracellular bacterium chlamydia psittaci aa mp in the wild type and a variety of mutant host cell lines with well-defined mutations affecting pyrimidine metabolism. c. psittaci aa mp cannot synthesize pyrimidines de novo, as assessed by its inability to incorporate aspartic acid into nucleic acid pyrimidines. in addition, the parasite cannot take utp, ctp, or dctp from the host cell, nor can it salvage exogenously supplied uridine, cytidine, or ... | 1993 | 8335624 |
| purine metabolism by intracellular chlamydia psittaci. | purine metabolism was studied in the obligate intracellular bacterium chlamydia psittaci aa mp in the wild type and a variety of mutant host cell lines with well-defined deficiencies in purine metabolism. c. psittaci aa mp cannot synthesize purines de novo, as assessed by its inability to incorporate exogenous glycine into nucleic acid purines. c. psittaci aa mp can take atp and gtp, but not datp or dgtp, directly from the host cell. exogenous hypoxanthine and inosine were not utilized by the pa ... | 1993 | 8335625 |
| chlamydiosis in workers at a duck farm and processing plant. | an outbreak of chlamydiosis was investigated in workers at a duck farm and processing plant during winter 1989. chlamydia psittaci was isolated from ducks, but there was little evidence of clinical chlamydiosis in the ducks. serological tests showed that 76% of workers had been exposed to infection, 12% recently, 16% had not been exposed and 8% had inconclusive test results. there was a strong association (p < 0.05) between years of employment and exposure to infection. infection appeared to be ... | 1993 | 8343087 |
| [the occurrence of chlamydia psittaci infections in raptors from wildlife preserves]. | 152 free-living raptors found in the area around munich, germany, were investigated for possible chlamydia psittaci infections. chlamydia psittaci was detected in 13.2% of these birds of prey (strigiformes, falconiformes and accipitriformes) by examination of cloacal swabs with an antigen elisa (ideia chlamydia test kit). chlamydia psittaci antibodies could be demonstrated in 85.1% of 121 birds by a chlamydia antibody elisa (chlamydia-psittaci-ak-eia). 29.7% of the samples investigated were posi ... | 1993 | 8346524 |
| phylogenetic relationship of chlamydia pneumoniae to chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis as determined by analysis of 16s ribosomal dna sequences. | the 16s ribosomal dna sequence of chlamydia pneumoniae was determined and compared with the corresponding gene sequences of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis. c. pneumoniae has been reported to exhibit little chromosomal dna homology with the other chlamydial species, and its phylogenetic relationships within the genus chlamydia have not been described. a polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the 16s rrna gene sequence of c. pneumoniae. ten primers from the c. psittaci s ... | 1993 | 8347519 |
| increased prevalence of antibodies to adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in polymyalgia rheumatica. | serum antibodies to a panel of 13 viruses and to mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci were tested in 17 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (pmr) and in 17 age- and sex-matched controls with osteoarthritis seen in the same rheumatological clinic. antibodies to adenovirus (adv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were significantly more prevalent in pmr. these antibodies were titred in 26 patients with pmr, including those evaluated in the pilot study (17 women, 9 men, mean age 72.5 ye ... | 1993 | 8353986 |
| chlamydia psittaci infection and associated infertility in sheep. | nineteen ewes were injected subcutaneously with the agent of enzootic ovine abortion, chlamydia psittaci serovar 1, at 50 days gestation. placental and fetal tissues were examined at 15 days postinfection and thereafter at ten day intervals. placental infection was detected at 15 days postinfection. only postinoculation sera collected from postinfected ewes contained antibodies reactive to c. psittaci. five (26%) chlamydial infected ewes experienced inapparent fetal loss before day 105 of gestat ... | 1993 | 8358679 |
| comparison of ovine abortion and non-abortion isolates of chlamydia psittaci using inclusion morphology, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, restriction endonuclease analysis and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies. | twelve reference and four northern ireland ovine chlamydia psittaci isolates including ovine abortion, faecal, conjunctivitis and arthritis isolates were compared. inclusion morphology was shown to provide a useful means of differentiating the abortion and the non-abortion isolates studied. identical sds-page polypeptide profiles were produced by the ovine abortion isolates. the polypeptide profiles of the non-abortion isolates were similar to one another and clearly distinct from the abortion i ... | 1993 | 8362494 |
| antibody prevalence and isolation of chlamydia psittaci from pigeons (columba livia). | the isolation of chlamydia psittaci and serological detection of chlamydia-specific antibodies in racing pigeons and pigeons from public parks is described. several serological methods (complement fixation test, indirect microimmunofluorescence test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were compared with bacteriological techniques (isolation both in embryonated eggs and mccoy cell monolayers). tests confirmed that 28.6%, 33.5%, and 35.9% of the pigeons, respectively, were seropositive by the ... | 1993 | 8363515 |
| diagnoses in 1,784 ovine abortions and stillbirths. | of 1,799 accessions of ovine abortions and stillbirths by the south dakota animal disease research and diagnostic laboratory during a 10-year period, 1,784 were suitable for examination. etiologic diagnoses were made in 786 (44%). infectious agents were found responsible in 702 accessions (39%), and noninfectious causes were involved in 84 (5%). no diagnosis was made in 998 accessions (56%), 61 of which were mummified fetuses. lesions, most of which indicated the presence of an infectious agent, ... | 1993 | 8373854 |
| improved detection of rhinoviruses in nasal and throat swabs by seminested rt-pcr. | a seminested rt-pcr (nrt-pcr) was used to detect picornavirus (pv) rna in cell cultures inoculated with rhinoviruses (hrvs) and enteroviruses (evs). pcr tests in which a primary "touchdown" pcr was followed by secondary reactions using pv or hrv specific primers were able to differentiate hrvs of 48 serotypes from evs. pvnrt-pcr and hrvnrt-pcr were then used to test nasal and throat swabs from adult subjects with naturally acquired respiratory virus infections. the swabs were also analysed for r ... | 1993 | 8395557 |
| serotyping of european isolates of chlamydia psittaci from poultry and other birds. | a panel of five serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies which distinguish the five known avian serovars of chlamydia psittaci was used to serotype 45 european avian chlamydia psittaci isolates. chlamydial antigen was grown in buffalo green monkey (bgm) cells or in embryonated chicken eggs and was then inoculated into bgm cells. serotyping was performed in an indirect immunofluorescence test. the 45 european isolates included 22 isolates from the order psittaciformes, 9 isolates from the order col ... | 1993 | 8417017 |
| structures of and allelic diversity and relationships among the major outer membrane protein (ompa) genes of the four chlamydial species. | dna sequences coding for 81% of the ompa gene from 24 chlamydial strains, representing all chlamydial species, were determined from dna amplified by polymerase chain reactions. chlamydial strains of serovars and strains with similar chromosomal restriction fragment length polymorphism had identical ompa dna sequences. the ompa sequences were segregated into 23 different ompa alleles and aligned with each other, and phylogenetic relationships among them were inferred by neighbor-joining and maxim ... | 1993 | 8419295 |
| differentiation of abortion-inducing and intestinal strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from ruminants by the microimmunofluorescence test. | forty-two isolates of chlamydia psittaci from ruminants, principally from cases of abortion (21 strains) and from subclinical intestinal infections (13 strains), were serotyped by an indirect microimmunofluorescence test. the strains could be divided into the previously described serotypes 1 and 2. strains causing abortion and intestinal strains belonged to two different serotypes: the abortion-inducing strains were mostly in serotype 1 whereas the intestinal strains were mostly in serotype 2. a ... | 1993 | 8451814 |
| immunoblots of outer-membrane proteins of chlamydiae with sera from turkeys experimentally exposed to avian and mammalian chlamydia psittaci. | outer-membrane protein (omp)-enriched preparations from avian (turkey/tt3 and parrot/vs1) and mammalian (sheep abortion/b577) strains of chlamydia psittaci were compared by immunoblotting using sera from turkeys exposed to these strains. turkeys inoculated with avian chlamydiae became infected and developed strong serological responses, but turkeys inoculated with b577 failed to develop detectable serological responses. sera from turkeys exposed to either of the two avian strains could be differ ... | 1993 | 8452492 |
| pharmacokinetics of doxycycline after parenteral administration in the houbara bustard (chlamydotis undulata). | fourteen adult houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata) infected with chlamydia psittaci were administered doxycycline at 100 mg/kg body weight in seven intramuscular or subcutaneous injections at intervals of 7, 7, 7, 6, 6, and 5 days. blood levels of doxycycline were measured after the first and seventh injections at the following intervals: 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, and 180 hours. during these two periods, most of the birds showed plasma doxycycline levels in excess of 1 microg ... | 1993 | 8452507 |
| amplification of chlamydia trachomatis dna by ligase chain reaction. | amplification of chlamydia trachomatis dna by polymerase chain reaction was compared with amplification by ligase chain reaction (lcr). both amplification procedures were able to consistently amplify amounts of dna equivalent to three c. trachomatis elementary bodies. all 15 c. trachomatis serovars were amplified to detectable levels by lcr, and no dna from 16 organisms potentially found in clinical specimens or from chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae was amplified by lcr. | 1993 | 8458974 |
| [psittacosis of avian origin as etiology of community-acquired pneumonia with severe onset]. | we present two cases of community acquired pneumonia (extra-hospital) of severe onset, secondary to chlamydia psittaci of avian origin. each patient have bought a parakeet in the same pet-shop, and took care of them personally. both developed a respiratory insufficiency, one of them needing mechanical ventilation. out of nine relatives to whom serological determinations were performed, there was evidence of infection in two of them, but only one referred an auto-limited febrile syndrome during t ... | 1993 | 8465027 |
| [cat flu vaccine with chlamydia psittaci]. | | 1993 | 8475486 |
| in vitro transcription in chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis. | extracts of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis were used to transcribe molecularly cloned chlamydial genes in vitro. the extracts were prepared by lysing reticulate bodies, obtaining the 10,000 x g centrifugation pellet, and eluting rna polymerase from the pellet by treatment with 2m kcl to yield a fraction designated ss2. some in vitro transcription was initiated from non-chlamydial promoters and a small amount of transcription was from endogenous dna template in ss2. however, optimal ... | 1993 | 8483421 |
| chlamydia psittaci infection in sheep in northern ireland. | | 1993 | 8488651 |
| identification of an early-stage gene of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | chlamydiae are parasitic bacteria characterized by a temporally regulated developmental cycle. in the early stage of the cycle, metabolically inert elementary bodies reorganize to dividing reticulate bodies, a process about which little is known. the purpose of this investigation was to identify and clone chlamydial genes that are expressed preferentially during the early stage of the developmental cycle of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. several potential early genes were cloned with highly radioactive ... | 1993 | 8491714 |
| in vitro and in vivo antichlamydial activities of newly developed quinolone antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro and in vivo activities of three newly developed quinolone antimicrobial agents (sparfloxacin, tosufloxacin, and opc-17116) were investigated. all three agents showed potent in vitro activities against chlamydia psittaci, c. trachomatis, and c. pneumoniae with mics that ranged from 0.031 to 0.125 micrograms/ml. these values were higher than those of minocycline (0.0075 to 0.015 micrograms/ml) but lower than those of erythromycin (0.25 to 0.5 micrograms/ml) and ofloxacin and ciproflox ... | 1993 | 8494377 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci in sputum samples by pcr. | to use the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect chlamydia pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci in sputum samples. | 1993 | 8496387 |
| [transthoracic aspiration punction with ultrafine needle in high risk community acquired pneumonia]. | the identification of etiologic agents of pneumonias acquired in the community (pac) with risk factors is difficult. the classical diagnostic methods are not profitable and thus invasive techniques are used. in this study the diagnostic use of an invasive technique such as aspirative transthoracic puncture (atp) was evaluated in this type of pneumonias. | 1993 | 8497144 |