| serum and tear antibodies to chlamydia after reinfection with guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent. | repeated inoculation of th eyes of guinea pigs with the naturally occurring chlamydia psittaci agent, guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic), showed that animals gradually become susceptible to reinfection with the passage of time after primary infection. higher levels of serum igg antibody had a significant association with resistance to challenge inoculation only with a high dose (250 eld50) but not with a low dose (25 eld50) inoculum. with each inoculum, however, some animals with high se ... | 1981 | 7031009 |
| spectrum of human chlamydial infections. | | 1981 | 7041427 |
| the relation of basic biology to pathogenic potential in the genus chlamydia. | chlamydiae are obligately intracellular procaryotic parasites, and their activities as agents of human disease are determined to a large degree by their intracellular way of life. the inside of a host cell is a hostile environment, and few microorganisms survive and multiply intracellularly. those that do have evolved adaptations that fit them for life inside other cells. apart from the viruses, chlamydiae are the infectious agents most highly adapted to intracellular life. of all the properties ... | 1982 | 7044979 |
| [in vitro and in vivo activity of spiramycine on chlamydia (author's transl)]. | in vitro study of spiramycine action on c. psittaci and c. trachomatis demonstrates that this antibiotic is active in a concentration similar to that found in the serum of patients who have received an injection of 4 g. however, it should be noted that even with a higher dose, few inclusions are still present. on the other hand, the action of spiramycine on mice infected with c. psittaci is highly efficient. the difference between the in vitro results and the excellent in vivo results could be e ... | 1982 | 7050851 |
| surface properties of chlamydia psittaci. | the surface properties of elementary bodies of chlamydia psittaci were investigated by diethylaminoethyl-sephadex chromatography, cytophoresis, partitioning in an aqueous polymer two-phase system, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the organism. the surface of c. psittaci was found to be hydrophobic and negatively charged at ph 7 and to have an isoelectric point of about ph 5. reagents which block free carboxyl groups altered the surface charge of c. psittaci and caused the organism t ... | 1980 | 7053063 |
| lymphokine-mediated microbistatic mechanisms restrict chlamydia psittaci growth in macrophages. | the obligate intracellular procaryote chlamydia psittaci replicated in cultures of macrophages taken from the peritoneal cavities of unstimulated or thioglycollate-elicited a/j mice. when treated with supernatant fluids (lymphokines) from c. psittaci-immune mice spleen cells that were stimulated for 24 hr in vitro by the mitogen concanavalin a, resident macrophages supplemented with heart infusion broth (8 mg/ml) and elicited macrophages markedly suppressed intracellular chlamydial development. ... | 1982 | 7054284 |
| subacute chlamydial endocarditis. | | 1982 | 7054567 |
| modulation of the host immune response as a result of chlamydia psittaci infection. | after intraperitoneal injection of mice with infectious, inactivated, or envelope preparations of the elementary body of chlamydia psittaci, lymphocyte transformation of spleen cells to the mitogens concanavalin a, phytohemagglutinin, and lipopolysaccharide was significantly reduced 1 and 2 weeks postinjection. lymphocyte response returned to the control values by 4 weeks. similarly, transformation of cells by chlamydial antigen was not detected until 4 weeks postinjection. injection of the noni ... | 1982 | 7056575 |
| effects of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide on a mouse model of chlamydia trachomatis pneumonitis. | suppression of the inflammatory reaction with daily doses of cortisone acetate or cyclophosphamide substantially prolonged the pulmonary infection in mice which had been intranasally inoculated with a trachoma biotype of chlamydia trachomatis. titration of organisms recovered from the lungs of treated mice revealed a drop in titer after day 2 (postinfection), followed by a prominent increase on day 6. in cyclophosphamide-treated mice the infection was resolved after day 12, whereas in cortisone ... | 1982 | 7056581 |
| electron microscopic observations of surface projections on chlamydia psittaci reticulate bodies. | electron microscopic observations were carried out to confirm the presence of surface projections on chlamydia psittaci reticulate bodies (rbs). the morphology of the projections on rbs was identical with that on elementary bodies (ebs); one end of each projection was connected with the cytoplasmic membrane, but the other end of the projection protruded beyond the cell wall through a fine hole or rosette in the cell wall. the results demonstrated that the rosettes seen in rb cell walls were morp ... | 1982 | 7061397 |
| chlamydia psittaci isolated from the eyes of domestic ducks (anas platyrhynchos) with conjunctivitis and rhinitis. | | 1982 | 7064325 |
| chlamydia psittaci induced pneumonia in a horse. | an agent lethal to embryonated chicken eggs was isolated from lung tissues of a quarter horse mare with a fatal respiratory disease. the lesions induced in embryonated chicken eggs, the tinctoral properties, the ultrastructural morphology, the resistance of the organism to sodium sulfadiazine, and the presence of a chlamydial complement fixing antigen, identify this isolate as a member of the family chlamydiaceae and suggest the agent to be chlamydia psittaci. two shetland ponies experimentally ... | 1982 | 7067460 |
| cytotoxic cells induced after chlamydia psittaci infection in mice. | the ability of spleen cells from chlamydia psittaci-infected mice to lyse c. psittaci-infected and uninfected target cell monolayers was studied. the cytotoxicity assay used was a terminal label method in which the number of adherent target cells surviving the interaction with effector cells was determined by measuring the uptake of [3h]uridine by such cells. it was observed that in the first few days postinfection (3 to 5), spleens contained cells that lysed infected and uninfected targets with ... | 1982 | 7068208 |
| antigenic analysis of the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia spp. | the major outer membrane proteins (momps) of several chlamydia trachomatis serotypes (b, d, g, h, and l2) and of the c. psittaci meningopneumonitis strain were purified by preparatory sodium dodecyl sulfate-(sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the isolated sds-polypeptide complexes, which varied in their apparent subunit molecular weights, were used as immunogens to raise hyperimmune rabbit antisera. the specificities of these antisera were determined both by rocket immunoelectrophoresis wi ... | 1982 | 7068209 |
| association between resistance to superinfection and patterns of surface protein labeling in mouse fibroblasts (l cells) persistently infected with chlamydia psittaci. | when mouse fibroblasts (l cells) were persistently infected with chlamydia psittaci strain 6bc, they became immune to superinfection because they no longer associated with exogenous c. psittaci in a way that led to ingestion and intracellular multiplication. at the same time, the persistently infected l cells also exhibited changes in surface structure as revealed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiographic visualization of the surface-exposed plasma membran ... | 1982 | 7068218 |
| chlamydia infection in ducks: preliminary communication. | chlamydia psittaci was isolated from cloacal swab pools from ducks in processing plants, and from cloacal and conjunctival swab pools from ducks on farms, in a small proportion of the samples examined. these isolates were difficult to passage. this difficulty was partly overcome by the use of emetine as the cell growth inhibitor. the direct complement fixation (cf) test was modified for testing duck sera by using complement at the los dose of 1.5 units. by this method, positive titres were demon ... | 1982 | 7069695 |
| [epidemiologic study of chlamydia psittaci infections in mining environment of the north of france]. | | 1982 | 7072147 |
| [pathomorphology of experimental ornithosis pneumonia]. | model experiments in white mice reproduced chronic ornithosis pneumonia morphological features of which included early outgrowth of connective tissue cells of the type of carnification, considerable accumulation of tropoglycogen, and disturbed process of collagen fibers formation at a minimal number of leukocytes. such foci occur in the lungs very early, before the onset of the clinical signs of the disease which appears to be a typical feature of ornithosis pneumonia and may explain causes and ... | 1982 | 7082198 |
| chlamydia psittaci infection in companion birds examined in florida. | over a two-year period, companion birds, submitted mostly by small-animal practitioners to the animal disease diagnostic laboratory, kissimmee, florida, were examined for chlamydia. chick embryo yolk sac and mouse brain inoculations were used for isolation. chlamydiae were isolated in 58 (20%) of 287 birds examined. although twice as many birds were examined in 1980 as in 1979, the percentage of positive isolations was 20% for each year. this suggests a constant level of chlamydial infection in ... | 1982 | 7092742 |
| surface projections of chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies as revealed by freeze-deep-etching. | the morphology of the surface projections of chlamydia psittaci elementary bodies in the intracytoplasmic inclusion was the same as that of the projections on the purified elementary bodies. each projection emerged from the center of a flower structure, which was composed of nine leaves arranged radially. | 1982 | 7096263 |
| attachment of cell walls of chlamydia psittaci to mouse fibroblasts (l cells). | (14)c-labeled cell walls of the 6bc strain of chlamydia psittaci, prepared from intrinsically labeled chlamydial cells by digestion with deoxycholate and trypsin, associated with mouse fibroblasts (l cells) in a manner comparable to that of intact c. psittaci. almost half of the host cell-associated cell walls were not dissociated by trypsin, suggesting that they had been attached and then ingested. the attachment of cell walls to l cells was inhibited by a number of treatments known to block as ... | 1982 | 7129628 |
| the incidence of chlamydia psittaci antibodies in patients with respiratory tract diseases. | | 1982 | 7129645 |
| lipid a in legionella pneumophila. | | 1982 | 7136354 |
| [method of control of vaccines against ovine abortive chlamydiosis using pregnant mice]. | | 1982 | 7137851 |
| isolation and characterization of phagosomes containing chlamydia psittaci from l cells. | the obligate intracellular procaryote chlamydia psittaci enters host cells by a mechanism similar to, but distinct from, conventional phagocytosis. to better understand chlamydial uptake, l-cell phagosomes containing a single chlamydial cell were isolated and studied. two rounds of dextran rate-zonal gradient centrifugation of l cells homogenized 1 h after infection with c. psittaci yielded phagosomes relatively free of other membranous structures. in double-label experiments, the phagosomes wer ... | 1982 | 7141694 |
| effect of estradiol on chlamydial genital infection of female guinea pigs. | female guinea pigs were treated daily with 1 mg of beta-estradiol-3-benzoate intramuscularly beginning 14 days before intravaginal inoculation with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis and continuing during the course of the infection. treatment with estradiol was found to markedly influence the course of genital infection with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis, producing infections of greater intensity and longer duration than those in control an ... | 1982 | 7141709 |
| structural analysis of chlamydial major outer membrane proteins. | the primary structure and surface exposure of the major outer membrane protein (momp) isolated from 14c intrinsically or 125i extrinsically radiolabeled chlamydia trachomatis serotypes d/uw-3, g/uw-57, h/uw-4, i/uw-12, and l2/434 and the chlamydia psittaci meningopneumonitis strain were analyzed by two different peptide-mapping techniques. radiolabeled proteins were digested with either staphylococcus aureus v8 protease, the patterns of peptide fragments produced being displayed by sodium dodecy ... | 1982 | 7152681 |
| ultrastructural studies of chlamydial infection in guinea-pig urogenital tract. | | 1982 | 7153378 |
| spontaneous and experimental infections of xenopus laevis with chlamydia psittaci. | chlamydial infection was suspected when widespread pyogranulomatous inflammation and large basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were evident histopathologically in african clawed frogs (xenopus laevis) dying of a spontaneous disease of high morbidity and mortality. organism morphology was determined by electron microscopy of infected hepatic sinusoidal lining cells, and it was characteristic of the unique developmental cycle of a chlamydial agent. isolation and speciation of the organism ... | 1982 | 7162133 |
| efficacy of a bacterin prepared from chlamydia psittaci grown in cell culture for experimental immunization of ewes. | the efficacy of a bacterin prepared from chlamydia psittaci grown in mouse l-cells was compared to a similar bacterin prepared from c. psittaci grown in chicken embryos (ce). both bacterins significantly reduced (p less than 0.03) incidence of abortion and weak lambs compared to non-vaccinated control ewes. the l-cell bacterin elicited a greater antibody response than the ce bacterin (p less than 0.03). | 1982 | 7164341 |
| chlamydial genital infection in ibadan, nigeria. a seroepidemiological survey. | sera from patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases (std) clinic, a family planning clinic, and an antenatal clinic in ibadan, nigeria, as well as from male blood donors from the same area were tested for the presence of type specific antichlamydial antibodies using a modified micro-immunofluorescence test. among men and women attending the std clinic the exposure rates to chlamydia trachomatis serotypes d to k (genital pathogens) were 18.7% and 26.7% respectively. antibody titres sugge ... | 1982 | 7171978 |
| chlamydial genital infection in addis ababa, ethiopia. a seroepidemiological survey. | a seroepidemiological survey was undertaken in addis ababa to assess the prevalence of chlamydial genital infections among patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases (std) clinic and patients with no overt genital symptoms. in the std clinic patients antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis serotypes d to k (genital types) were detected in 68 of 210 (32.4%) men and in 72 of 159 (45.3%) women, a rate of exposure as high or higher than that found in europe. serological evidence of active chlamy ... | 1982 | 7171979 |
| [mechanism of the negative action of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (pyrogenal) on the course of experimental ornithosis infection]. | the intravenous injection of pyrogenal into mice following their intravenous infection aggravates the course of ornithosis infection and leads to more intensive multiplication of the infective agent. after the injection of pyrogenal is discontinued a change in the course of the infectious process occurs and the infective agent is quickly eliminated from the body. this is accompanied by increased formation of specific antibodies. the negative effect of pyrogenal is due to its high toxicity for ma ... | 1982 | 7180253 |
| infectivity of chlamydia psittaci of bovine and ovine origins for cultured cells. | the infectivity of 2 strains of chlamydia psittaci of mammalian origin were studied in mouse l cells. infectivity was enhanced by centrifuging the chlamydial inoculum onto the cell monolayer. infectivity increased as force of centrifugation increased. the enhanced infectivity was not caused by centrifugal sedimentation of chlamydiae, since centrifugation longer than 10 minutes and an inoculum dose larger than 0.4 ml did not further enhance infectivity. centrifuge-enhanced adsorption was temperat ... | 1982 | 7181187 |
| [chlamydiosis in ruminants and the possibility of human contamination]. | | 1982 | 7187963 |
| chlamydial hemagglutinin: interaction of ether-ethanol extracted fraction with sensitive erythrocytes. | chlamydial particles and soluble hemagglutinin were separated by differential centrifugation from the supernatant of l-cells and the allantoic fluid of chick embryo infected with c. psittaci 6bc and c. trachomatis tw-3. concentrated hemagglutinin was fractionated with ether-ethanol; specimens were compared using sensitive erythrocytes of adult white leghorn chickens. the ether-ethanol extract had a 40- to 80-fold higher hemagglutinin titer than the crude hemagglutinin or the ether-ethanol insolu ... | 1981 | 7223135 |
| inapparent chlamydial infection in the urogenital tract of guinea-pigs. | microbiologically inapparent urogenital infection appeared to be induced in male guinea-pigs inoculated intra-urethrally with low doses of the guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis strain (gp-ic) of chlamydia psittaci. this state was indicated by the ability of inoculated animals to donate eye infection to normal animals caged with them. donors failed to develop overt urogenital infection throughout the period of transmission judged by both absence of infected cells in urethral scrapings and failu ... | 1980 | 7229613 |
| [chlamydia psittaci infections (psittacosis)]. | | 1981 | 7253739 |
| chlamydial diseases. | | 1981 | 7254196 |
| bovine mastitis induced by a common intestinal chlamydia psittaci strain. a pathogenetic and serological investigation. | | 1981 | 7258034 |
| ocular and dermal delayed hypersensitivity reactions in guinea-pigs following infection with guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent (chlamydia psittaci). | guinea-pigs which had been sensitized to guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent by ocular infection, were given ocular and dermal challenges with a range of doses of agent. ocular delayed-type hypersensitivity responses were elicited by a wide range of doses. such responses were associated with the presence of chlamydial inclusions and inflammatory cells. the eid50 for ocular reinfection was only slightly higher than that for primary ocular infection. dermal delayed-type hypersensitivity reac ... | 1981 | 7261478 |
| bovine lameness due to suspected chlamydial infection. | | 1981 | 7266457 |
| cystitis associated with chlamydial infection of the genital tract in male guinea pigs. | male guinea pigs were infected with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) by intraurethral injection of chlamydiae or by placement of a drop of chlamydial suspension on the meatus of the extruded penis. transient urethritis and cystitis were observed in animals infected by either method. the production of cystitis by the drop-on technique indicated that chlamydiae are able to ascend the urethra and that the bladder may be a target organ of chlamydial infection. when ... | 1981 | 7292213 |
| grand rounds: psittacosis. | | 1981 | 7293382 |
| [comparative studies of buffalo green monkey (bgm) cells and mice for the isolation of chlamydia psittaci from avian droppings and organ samples]. | | 1981 | 7293558 |
| attachment defect in mouse fibroblasts (l cells) persistently infected with chlamydia psittaci. | almost all the cells in populations of mouse fibroblasts (l cells) persistently infected with the 6bc strain of chlamydia psittaci were immune to superinfection with high multiplicities of c. psittaci, whether or not the l cells contained visible chlamydial inclusions. as ascertained by experiments with 14c-labeled c. psittaci, immunity to superinfection resulted from the failure of added chlamydiae to attach to persistently infected host cells. however, when exogenous c. psittaci was introduced ... | 1981 | 7298188 |
| the incidence of chlamydia psittaci antibodies in patients with respiratory tract diseases. | the incidence of chlamydia psittaci infections in hamburg has been studied using the complement fixation test on 655 human sera collected from patients with respiratory tract diseases. of the 653 sera investigated, 78 (11.9%) showed antibody titers between 1:8 and 1:128. of the positive sera, 21 (16.9%) presented values of greater than or equal to 1:32. this infection is encountered more often in individuals over 21 years of age (15.9% to 23.4%) than in persons under 20 (0.8% to 6.0%). general p ... | 1981 | 7298201 |
| [ornithosis after contact with wild birds]. | | 1981 | 7300521 |
| localization of chlamydial group antigen in mccoy cell monolayers infected with chlamydia trachomatis or chlamydia psittaci. | chlamydial inclusions were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence (if) with antiserum to the chlamydial group antigen when mccoy cell monolayers infected with either chlamydia trachomatis or chlamydia psittaci were fixed in formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde, provided the monolayer was not allowed to dry. if these monolayers were then air dried and restained by if with the same antiserum but with a different fluorescence conjugate, group antigen associated with inclusion-containing mccoy cell ... | 1981 | 7309240 |
| attachment of chlamydia psittaci to formaldehyde-fixed and unfixed l cells. | the attachment of chlamydia psittaci, strain 6bc, to formaldehyde-fixed and unfixed l cells was studied. cations were found to be required for attachment to both fixed and unfixed cells. the requirement for cations was largely eliminated when the net negative surface charge on fixed cells was reduced. a high concentration of sodium chloride (0.5 m) prevented binding and removed chlamydiae which were attached to fixed and unfixed cells, whereas non-ionic detergents had no effect on attachment of ... | 1981 | 7320701 |
| infection of lambs by orally administered ovine abortion strain of chlamydia psittaci. | | 1981 | 7336547 |
| keratoconjunctivitis of the koala, phascolarctos cinereus, caused by chlamydia psittaci. | chlamydia psittaci was cultured from 29 of 35 koalas (phascolarctos cinereus) with keratoconjunctivitis. the disease progressed from acute to chronic stages over some months, with a known duration of at least 2 years. one recovered carrier was found. up to 29% of koalas in some populations were clinically affected. a seasonal spread of infection was indicated by the high percentage of acutely affected cases found in summer. there was no evidence of susceptibility being related to age or sex. the ... | 1981 | 7338971 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from imported psittacine birds in japan. | | 1981 | 7339143 |
| isolation of chlamydia psittaci from cats with conjunctivitis. | chlamydia psittaci was repeatedly demonstrated in stained smears of conjunctival scrapings from a group of cats in a single household and in 5 instances the organism was isolated by yolk sac inoculation of 6-day-old pathogen free, embryonated hen eggs. thirteen of 15 cats in the cattery developed conjunctivitis at various times over a 9-month period. the outstanding features of the disease were its severity, chronicity and refractoriness to treatment. prolonged (2 week) treatment with tetracycli ... | 1981 | 7342937 |
| modifications of the envelope of chlamydia psittaci during its developmental cycle: freeze-fracture study of complementary replicas. | examination of complementary replicas obtained by freeze-fracture of chlamydia psittaci revealed, at the level of the plasma membrane, a progressive differentiation of "crate-like formations," which likely correspond to transmembranal pores. recognition of "early" and "late" stages observed in the intermediate bodies permitted detailed study of the developmental cycle of this chlamydia. | 1980 | 7364718 |
| [typing of ornithosis strains with species-specific antigens]. | species-specific antigens of three ornithosis strains of varying origin were isolated. these antigens were used in the complement-fixation test to study immune sera to different strains. the ornithosis strains studied were represented by three serotypes. to differentiate ornithosis from other chlamidia infections and for the preparation of diagnostic immune sera it is recommended to use species-specific antigens of serotype 3, while for vaccine production the corresponding strains should be used ... | 1980 | 7385796 |
| chlamydia infection associated with peritonitis in a cat. | | 1980 | 7429923 |
| prevalence of antichlamydial antibody in london blood donors. | the prevalence of type-specific antichlamydial antibody in a population of blood donors in london was studied using a microimmunofluorescence test. twenty-six (17%) of 150 women and 38 (26%) of 150 men had antichlamydial antibody (igg at greater than or equal to 1/16 or igm greater than or equal to 1/8 or both). of these, five (3%) women had one (0.75%) man had this antibody directed against chlamydia trachomatis serotypes d-k, responsible for genital infections, and one man had antibody to chla ... | 1980 | 7448582 |
| clinical evaluation of immunity following experimental or natural infection of ewes with chlamydia psittaci (var. ovis). | the immunity conferred by a primary infection either experimental or natural was challenged at 70 days of pregnancy by intradermal inoculation of 8 x 10(7) virulent yolk sac propagated chlamydiae. the experimental primary infection was carried out, 19 months before at 70 days of pregnancy by intravenous inoculation (pi ewes). the natural primary infection was obtained 14 months before the challenge when the ewes (pcc ewes) were placed in contact with experimentally infected ewes. the response to ... | 1980 | 7458247 |
| transmission of chlamydiae by the housefly. | the ability of the housefly to carry viable chlamydia trachomatis and to transmit a chlamydial ocular infection was studied under laboratory conditions. after feeding flies (musca domestica) on suspensions of egg yolk sac infected with c. trachomatis serotypes a or b (responsible for hyperendemic trachoma) the agents were reisolated from flies' intestines for up to 6 hours and from their legs and/or proboscises for up to 2 hours. it was found that the viability of chlamydiae is dependent on the ... | 1981 | 7459318 |
| chlamydiae and inflammatory bowel disease. | no association was found between inflammatory bowel disease and infection with c. trachomatis or c. psittaci when patients were tested for the presence of these organisms using immunohistological, cell culture isolation, and serological techniques. | 1981 | 7461473 |
| experimental chlamydial salpingitis in the guinea pig. | acute self-limited salpingitis developed when guinea pigs' fallopian tubes were infected with the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent (chlamydia psittaci). the disease peaked at approximately 8 days post infection and had diminished markedly by day 14. the inflammatory reaction was concentrated at the luminal surface. chlamydial replication was demonstrated and inclusions were found in epithelial cells. | 1980 | 7468681 |
| chlamydia psittaci infection in lines of mice with high or low antibody responses. | biozzi's high (h) and low (l) antibody producer mice were i.v. infected with a suspension containing 10(4)/ml viable c. psittaci organisms. h mice humoral anti-chlamydia response was much higher than that of l mice. l mice natural resistance to infection with live chlamydia was higher than that of h mice. since the two lines exhibit inverse differences in b-cell and macrophage functions, but they are quite similar with regard to t-cell-mediated immunity, it would appear that macrophages play a m ... | 1980 | 7469387 |
| immunity to chlamydial infections in mice--i. establishment of quantitative techniques. | | 1980 | 7471717 |
| experimental chlamydia pneumoniae infection in mice: effect of reinfection and passive immunization. | nih/s mice were infected intranasally with chlamydia pneumoniae isolate kajaani 6 and rechallenged after either 28 or 70 days. a partial resistance to reinfection, indicated by a reduced recovery of live organisms, was noted at both time points of rechallenge: positive isolations from lung homogenates and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were observed in fewer mice and the yields of isolated chlamydiae remained smaller, as compared to primary infection. however, a previous infection did not conf ... | 1995 | 7476093 |
| efficacy trials with tissue-culture grown, inactivated vaccines against chlamydial abortion in sheep. | vaccines containing inactivated, semi-purified antigen of ovine abortifacient chlamydia psittaci were prepared from tissue-culture grown harvests of two strains. these were evaluated for efficacy against experimentally reproduced enzootic abortion of ewes (eae), the protection index (pi) of each vaccine being calculated from three variables. trial 1 tested the adjuvants marcol 52/arlacel a, iscom matrix, novasomes and alhydrogel, each administered with a total antigen dose of 4 micrograms chlamy ... | 1995 | 7483786 |
| in vitro susceptibility of human vascular wall cells to infection with chlamydia pneumoniae. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen. recent studies have demonstrated the presence of c. pneumoniae in coronary and aortic atherosclerotic lesions. to study the role of c. pneumoniae in atherosclerosis, we investigated the susceptibilities of three different cells of the human vascular wall to infection with c. pneumoniae ar-39. these cell types were endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages derived from peripheral blood monocytes. infection was assessed by using ... | 1995 | 7494038 |
| further characterization of chlamydia pneumoniae specific monoclonal antibodies. | studies using monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated species-specific reactivities with chlamydia pneumoniae. in this study, further characterization of c. pneumoniae specific monoclonal antibodies tt-205 and rr-402 and description of c. pneumoniae specific antibodies prepared against other isolates are presented. tt-205 and rr-402 were shown to neutralize infectivity. neutralization in cell culture was specific and enhanced by complement. attempts to characterize the reactive antigen by immuno ... | 1995 | 7494492 |
| neutralization of chlamydia psittaci with monoclonal antibodies. | neutralization of chlamydia (c.) psittaci avian strain p-1041 was examined in vitro using monoclonal antibodies (mabs). of the 10 mabs used, 6 were found to exhibit neutralizing capability. these include 3 against major outer membrane protein (momp), 1 against lipopolysaccharide (lps) and 2 against other protein molecules [90 kilodalton (kda) and 90/50 kda]. most neutralizing mabs were dependent on complement for efficient neutralization, while a strain-specific mab (2b5) against the 90 kda prot ... | 1993 | 7507199 |
| isolation and characterization of a gene encoding a chlamydia pneumoniae 76-kilodalton protein containing a species-specific epitope. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a human respiratory pathogen. unlike the other two chlamydia species, no species-specific antigen has been defined for c. pneumoniae. an immunoreactive clone containing a 0.8-kb fragment was isolated from a c. pneumoniae (ar-39) genomic library by using anti-c. pneumoniae rabbit immune serum. by southern hybridization analysis of chromosomal digests of the different chlamydia spp., the 0.8-kb fragment was shown to react specifically with c. pneumoniae. subcloning of this ... | 1994 | 7509320 |
| [chlamydia infections and possibilities for prevention]. | | 1993 | 7513175 |
| identification of subspecies- and serotype 1-specific epitopes on the 80- to 90-kilodalton protein region of chlamydia psittaci that may be useful for diagnosis of chlamydial induced abortion. | genus-, subspecies-, and serotype 1-specific antigens of chlamydia psittaci were characterized by immunoblot analysis, using monoclonal antibodies that recognize 2 c psittaci strains: ab7 isolated from an ewe that had aborted, and ib1 isolated from feces of a healthy ewe. genus-specific epitopes were detected on lipopolysaccharide, on a 47-kd protein, and on a 27- to 30-kd doublet. subspecies-specific epitopes were located on a 30-kd protein, and a 80- to 90-kd protein region was identified, whi ... | 1994 | 7517111 |
| enzyme immunoassay with enhanced specificity for detection of antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis. | two different methods for preventing the binding of cross-reacting antibodies to the genus-reactive chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used to improve the specificity of an enzyme immunoassay for the determination of antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis. coated elementary bodies were treated with either sodium periodate, to oxidize the antigenic sites of the lps, or triton x-100, to extract the lps. by using these new enzyme immunoassays, the standard enzyme immunoassay, and the whole inclu ... | 1994 | 7521355 |
| immunoreactivity of the 60 kda cysteine-rich proteins of chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae expressed in escherichia coli. | the 60 kda cysteine-rich proteins (crps) of chlamydia are developmentally regulated outer envelope proteins synthesized late in the chlamydial growth cycle. these proteins, found only on the extracellular infectious elementary bodies, elicit major antibody responses in chlamydial infection. we have cloned and expressed in escherichia coli the complete 60 kda crp genes from chlamydia trachomatis, c. psittaci and c. pneumoniae. the recombinant products were expressed as either 'native' proteins or ... | 1994 | 7522846 |
| the genus-specific lipopolysaccharide epitope of chlamydia is assembled in c. psittaci and c. trachomatis by glycosyltransferases of low homology. | chlamydiae possess a genus-specific epitope that is located on the lipopolysaccharide (lps) and is composed of a 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (kdo) trisaccharide of the sequence alpha kdo-(2-->8)--alpha kdo-(2-->4)-alpha kdo. in chlamydia trachomatis, this trisaccharide is biosynthetically generated through the action of a multi-functional kdo-transferase encoded by the gene gsea. gsea of chlamydia psittaci 6bc was cloned and expressed in a rough mutant (re chemotype) of escherichia coli (st ... | 1993 | 7523826 |
| dissociation of immune determinants of outer membrane proteins of chlamydia psittaci strain guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis. | chlamydia trachomatis is an important human pathogen. research to develop a chlamydia vaccine has focused on the major outer membrane protein (momp). determinants of this protein elicit serovar-specific neutralizing antibodies which are thought to play a critical role in protective immunity. momp-specific antibody responses are highly variable in the polymorphic population. genetic factors which might influence the momp-specific immune response are consequently of particular interest. the c. psi ... | 1994 | 7525489 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in clinical specimens by polymerase chain reaction using nested primers. | a nested primers strategy was used to develop a two-step pcr test for the direct species-specific detection of the 16s rrna gene of chlamydia pneumoniae. this test was applied to 58 nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swab specimens collected from patients in studies of community-acquired pneumonia and in a local outbreak of respiratory disease. twelve patients (21%) showed evidence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in serological tests (7/56; 13%), culture (8/58; 14%) or pcr (10/58; 17%). nested pc ... | 1994 | 7531141 |
| architecture of the cell envelope of chlamydia psittaci 6bc. | the cysteine-rich envelope proteins of the elementary body form of chlamydiae are thought to be located in the outer membrane on the basis of their insolubility in the weak anionic detergent n-lauryl sarcosinate (sarkosyl). we found, however, that the insolubility of the small (enva) and the large (envb) cysteine-rich proteins of chlamydia psittaci 6bc in sarkosyl is dependent on the maintenance of a supramolecular disulfide-cross-linked complex and is unlikely to be a valid indicator of outer m ... | 1995 | 7532170 |
| potentiation of interferon-mediated inhibition of chlamydia infection by interleukin-1 in human macrophage cultures. | one mechanism by which interferons (ifns) can inhibit chlamydial infection is by the induction of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido), which restricts the availability of tryptophan, which is required for chlamydial growth. other immunomodulating agents, including interleukin-1 (il-1), can interact synergistically with ifns, resulting in increased ido activity in macrophages. the objectives of this study were to establish that il-1 can enhance ifn-mediated inhibition of chlamydial growt ... | 1995 | 7537250 |
| association of helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae infections with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors. | to investigate the relation between seropositivity to chronic infections with helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae and both coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors. | 1995 | 7549683 |
| an immunofluorescence assay in microwell plate (ifa) for detecting serum antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae. | an indirect immunofluorescence assay using a 96 microwell cell culture plate (ifa) was developed for the detection of antibodies to c. pneumoniae. the results obtained by ifa on 230 sera of healthy subjects were compared with those obtained with the microimmunofluorescence test. the correlation coefficient for igg detection with the two methods was 0.96 showing good agreement. | 1995 | 7553368 |
| influence of centrifugation on the infectivity of chlamydia pneumoniae iol-207. | the influence of centrifugation on the infectivity of chlamydia pneumoniae iol-207 was compared with seven serovars of c. trachomatis biovar trachoma, the three serovars of c. trachomatis biovar lymphogranuloma and four c. psittaci strains. prolonged centrifugation from 1 to 4 hours resulted in a 3-fold increase in the infectivity of c. pneumoniae and variable or no increase in the infectivity of the other chlamydia strains studied. these findings indicate that a 4 hour centrifugation of c. pneu ... | 1995 | 7553369 |
| treatment of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in adult asthma: a before-after trial. | some diseases previously believed to be noninfectious, eg, peptic ulcer disease, are now known to be caused by chronic infection. recently, chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been suggested as a cause for adult-onset asthma. the purpose of this study was to determine whether antichlamydial treatment would affect the natural history of this disease. | 1995 | 7561707 |
| c pneumoniae in adult asthma. | | 1995 | 7561718 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection in children with lower respiratory tract infections. | the incidence of antibody and the clinical features of chlamydia pneumoniae (c.pneumoniae) infection have not been studied in children in japan. we investigated the incidence of c.pneumoniae antibody in sera from 580 healthy children (including 30 umbilical cord blood samples) during the 2-year period between june 1992 and june 1994. the antibody titer was determined by a microimmunofluorescence (mif) test by using the elementary body of c.pneumoniae tw-183 as the antigen. umbilical cord blood s ... | 1995 | 7564162 |
| reversible acute renal failure associated with chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | | 1995 | 7566585 |
| [clinico-epidemiological considerations of 30 cases of pulmonitis and pleuropulmonitis in childhood]. | the authors studied 30 children affected with pneumonia or pleuropneumonia. they point out some clinical and epidemiological features pertinent to the pathology examined. | 1995 | 7567645 |
| [the correlation between psittacosis-ornithosis and the immune status in childhood: apropos 5 cases]. | the authors studied 5 children affected with a pneumopathy by chlamydia psittaci. they discuss the effects of a transitory immunodeficiency relative to nk cells in predisposing little patients to the infective disease. | 1995 | 7567646 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae: defining the clinical spectrum of infection requires precise laboratory diagnosis. | | 1995 | 7570463 |
| chlamydia psittaci infections: a review with emphasis on avian chlamydiosis. | in the first part of this article the general characteristics of chlamydia psittaci namely the history, taxonomy, morphology, reproductive cycle, metabolism and genetics are reviewed. for the taxonomy in particular, a considerable amount of new information has become available in recent years, following the application of monoclonal antibodies and restriction enzymes. using these techniques isolates of chlamydia psittaci from birds have been subdivided in different serovars, a number of isolates ... | 1995 | 7571380 |
| comparison of the gimenez staining method and antigen detection elisa with culture for detecting chlamydiae in birds. | | 1995 | 7578461 |
| the crp operon of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae. | one of the critical developmental events during the unique intracellular life cycle of chlamydiae is their differentiation from a metabolically active, replicative form or reticulate body (rb) to an infectious extracellular form of the organism (elementary body or eb). this process is characterized by the expression of two extraordinarily cysteine-rich envelope proteins of molecular masses 9 kda and 60 kda. we describe the molecular cloning and sequence determination of the 9 kda cysteine-rich p ... | 1995 | 7582008 |
| measurement of sputum antibodies in the diagnosis of acute and chronic respiratory infections associated with chlamydia pneumoniae. | the aim of this study was to develop methods for the measurement of sputum antibodies in the laboratory diagnosis of acute and chronic lower respiratory tract infections caused by chlamydia pneumoniae. paired serum specimens, sputum specimens, and pharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 97 patients; 51 of them had community-acquired pneumonia, and 46 had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). c. pneumoniae-specific serum immunoglobulin g (igg), iga, and igm antibodies were m ... | 1995 | 7583923 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and acute arterial thrombotic disease. | | 1995 | 7586293 |
| an oligomer of the major outer membrane protein of chlamydia psittaci is recognized by monoclonal antibodies which protect mice from abortion. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against an ovine abortive strain of chlamydia psittaci. a plaque reduction assay was used to select 19 neutralizing antibodies which appeared to be heterogeneous in isotype, specificity, and recognized proteins. different neutralizing mabs were tested for their protective abilities against abortion in a pregnant-mouse model. all of the protective mabs selected had the same isotype, were serotype 1 specific, and recognized a protein of about 110 kda by ... | 1995 | 7591155 |
| the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia among hospitalized patients during a chlamydia pneumoniae epidemic in finland. | the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia during a chlamydia pneumoniae epidemic was studied among 125 hospitalized patients. etiologic investigations included blood and sputum cultures, pneumococcal antigen detection, and serologic investigations for common respiratory viruses and for streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma pneumococcal antigen detection, and serologic investigations for common and for streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenz ... | 1995 | 7594672 |
| [spontaneous cure of pneumonia caused by chlamydia pneumoniae]. | a 62-year-old male was admitted to our hospital after an abnormal shadow was pointed out by chest x-ray in june, 1994, even though he was asymptomatic otherwise (first episode). the serum igg antibody against chlamydia pneumoniae was elevated up to 512-fold in the acute phase and decreased to 32-fold in the convalescent phase using the micro-immunofluorescence (mif) test, indicating a c. pneumoniae acute infection. in fact, no other micro-organisms were detected. the patient recovered from the p ... | 1995 | 7594789 |
| respiratory chlamydia: the management of an outbreak. | this investigation was undertaken in response to the occurrence of nine cases of respiratory chlamydial infection in 8 months within the district of dudley. all nine cases of respiratory chlamydia were due to chlamydia psittaci, not chlamydia pneumoniae. five cases had avian exposure, but no other aetiological factors were identified. faecal specimens were obtained from only two of the implicated birds and were negative. two local aviaries were identified as sources of implicated birds. the two ... | 1995 | 7597134 |
| lp(a) lipoprotein, igg, iga and igm antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae and hla class ii genotype in early coronary artery disease. | the associations previously found between lipoprotein(a) (lp(a)) levels and atherosclerotic disorders, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and renal diseases suggest that lp(a) may be involved in autoimmune reactions. the relation found between lp(a) levels and the hla class ii genotype in males with early coronary artery disease (cad) further support that assumption. it was suggested that an autoimmune process, perhaps triggered by a concomitant intracellular infection may occur especially in patien ... | 1995 | 7605385 |
| prevalence of chlamydia psittaci antibodies in healthy pet cats in britain. | | 1995 | 7610543 |