| a quantitative trait locus for variation in dopamine metabolism mapped in a primate model using reference sequences from related species. | non-human primates (nhp) provide crucial research models. their strong similarities to humans make them particularly valuable for understanding complex behavioral traits and brain structure and function. we report here the genetic mapping of an nhp nervous system biologic trait, the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) concentration of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (hva), in an extended inbred vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) pedigree. csf hva is an index of cns dopamine activity, w ... | 2007 | 17884980 |
| methamphetamine increases basal ganglia iron to levels observed in aging. | increases in basal ganglia iron are well documented for neurodegenerative diseases but have not been associated with methamphetamine (meth). in this study, vervet monkeys that received two doses of meth (2 mg/kg, intramuscularly, 6 h apart) showed at 1 month, iron increases in substantia nigra pars reticulata and globus pallidus, with concurrent increases of ferritin-immunoreactivity and decreases of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity in substantia nigra. at 1.5 years, substantia nigra tyrosi ... | 2007 | 17921879 |
| secondary sexual coloration and csf 5-hiaa are correlated in vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). | identifying indirect markers of the physiology or neuroendocrinology of a primate can provide a powerful tool to scientists. anecdotal descriptions and recent experimental evidence suggests that the colorful sexual skin in adult male vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus) might be sensitive to social changes, including dominance relationships, which could be related to serotonergic activity. the present study examined whether individual differences in scrotal coloration were related to ... | 2007 | 17976039 |
| gene profiling of pooled single neuronal cell bodies from laser capture microdissected vervet monkey lateral geniculate nucleus hybridized to the rhesus macaque genome array. | this report is based on an ongoing study to examine gene expression differences in monkey lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn). here, samples from an old world species, the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops), were cross-hybridized to the rhesus macaque genome array (affymetrix). microarray analysis was performed using laser capture microdissected populations of individual neuronal cell bodies isolated from the lgn compared to heterogeneous samples from whole lamina. our results indicated that cr ... | 2007 | 17996221 |
| intravitreal colchicine causes decreased rnfl birefringence without altering rnfl thickness. | to test the hypothesis that longitudinal differences between retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) birefringence, measured by scanning laser polarimetry (slp), and rnfl thickness, measured by optical coherence tomography (oct), are informative about the state of axonal degeneration. | 2008 | 18172100 |
| transthyretin amyloidosis and two other aging-related amyloidoses in an aged vervet monkey. | an aged male vervet monkey showed severe cardiac arrhythmia for more than 3 years. a multifocal amyloid consisting of transthyretin was deposited in all areas of the heart wall, especially in the extracellular stroma among muscle fibers and external tunica of arterioles. moreover, the amyloid was deposited in the stroma and arterioles of other systemic organs except the liver and spleen. these characteristics are consistent with senile systemic amyloidosis in humans. a second amyloid consisting ... | 2008 | 18192580 |
| low-pass filter properties of basal ganglia cortical muscle loops in the normal and mptp primate model of parkinsonism. | oscillatory bursting activity is commonly found in the basal ganglia (bg) and the thalamus of the parkinsonian brain. the frequency of these oscillations is often similar to or higher than that of the parkinsonian tremor, but their relationship to the tremor and other parkinsonian symptoms is still under debate. we studied the frequency dependency of information transmission in the cortex-bg and cortex-periphery loops by recording simultaneously from multiple electrodes located in the arm-relate ... | 2008 | 18199764 |
| immunization with a recombinant fowlpox virus expressing a hepatitis c virus core-e1 polyprotein variant, protects mice and african green monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) against challenge with a surrogate vaccinia virus. | hcv (hepatitis c virus) is a worldwide health problem nowadays. no preventive vaccine is available against this pathogen, and therapeutic treatments currently in use have important drawbacks, including limited efficacy. in the present work a recombinant fowlpox virus, fpcoe1, expressing a truncated hcv core-e1 polyprotein, was generated. fpcoe1 virus generally failed to elicit a humoral immune response against hcv antigens in balb/c mice. by contrast, mice inoculated with fpcoe1 elicited a posit ... | 2008 | 18215116 |
| evaluation of [(18)f]gefitinib as a molecular imaging probe for the assessment of the epidermal growth factor receptor status in malignant tumors. | gefitinib, an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase (egfr-tk), has shown potent effects in a subset of patients carrying specific egfr-tk mutations in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. in this study, we asked whether pet with [(18)f]gefitinib may be used to study noninvasively the pharmacokinetics of gefitinib in vivo and to image the egfr status of cancer cells. | 2008 | 18239919 |
| modulation of food intake following deep brain stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus in the vervet monkey. laboratory investigation. | deep brain stimulation (dbs) has become an effective therapy for an increasing number of brain disorders. recently demonstrated dbs of the posterior hypothalamus as a safe treatment for chronic intractable cluster headaches has drawn attention to this target, which is involved in the regulation of diverse autonomic functions and feeding behavior through complex integrative mechanisms. in this study, the authors assessed the feasibility of ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh) dbs in freely moving verv ... | 2008 | 18240931 |
| ancient dna identification of early 20th century simian t-cell leukemia virus type 1. | the molecular identification of proviruses from ancient tissues (and particularly from bones) remains a contentious issue. it can be expected that the copy number of proviruses will be low, which magnifies the risk of contamination with retroviruses from exogenous sources. to assess the feasibility of paleoretrovirological studies, we attempted to identify proviruses from early 20th century bones of museum specimens while following a strict ancient dna methodology. simian t-cell leukemia virus t ... | 2008 | 18296697 |
| voluntary consumption of substances of unknown palatability by vervet monkeys: a refinement. | pure compounds and herbal medicines, had to be administered orally to vervet monkeys for testing. a reliable method was sought to avoid daily gavaging. | 2008 | 18333919 |
| cerebral amyloid-beta protein accumulation with aging in cotton-top tamarins: a model of early alzheimer's disease? | alzheimer's disease (ad) is the most common progressive form of dementia in the elderly. two major neuropathological hallmarks of ad include cerebral deposition of amyloid-beta protein (abeta) into plaques and blood vessels, and the presence of neurofibrillary tangles in brain. in addition, activated microglia and reactive astrocytes are often associated with plaques and tangles. numerous other proteins are associated with plaques in human ad brain, including apo e and ubiquitin. the amyloid pre ... | 2008 | 18341428 |
| protein expression of mef2c during the critical period for visual development in vervet monkeys. | during the early development of the visual cortex, there is a critical period when neuronal connections are highly sensitive to changes in visual input. deprivation of visual stimuli during the critical period elicits robust anatomical and physiological rearrangements in the monkey visual cortex and serves as an excellent model for activity-dependent neuroplasticity. dna microarray experiments were previously performed in our lab to analyze gene expression patterns in area v1 of vervet monkeys s ... | 2008 | 18523533 |
| host response to human acellular dermal matrix transplantation in a primate model of abdominal wall repair. | commercially available human acellular dermal matrix (hadm), alloderm((r)), was implanted as an interpositional graft in the abdominal wall of adult vervet monkeys. host response to implanted hadm was evaluated and compared with a human cellular dermal matrix (hcdm) and a primate acellular dermal matrix (padm). clinical acceptance of the acellular grafts (hadm and padm) and graft remodeling were evidenced by fibroblast repopulation and neoangiogenesis. a mild inflammatory response marked predomi ... | 2008 | 18593339 |
| inhibition of the norepinephrine transporter improves behavioral flexibility in rats and monkeys. | poor cognitive control, including reversal learning deficits, has been reported in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in stimulant-dependent humans, and in animal models of these disorders; these conditions have each been associated with abnormal catecholaminergic function within the prefrontal cortex. | 2009 | 18604598 |
| ecological and reproductive variance in serum leptin in wild vervet monkeys. | leptin was originally thought to be an antiobesity hormone, but increasing evidence suggests that its ancestral role was to mobilize neuroendocrine responses to starvation. research on wild primates is critical for interpreting the high leptin values seen in western human populations and captive animals. this study examined natural variation in serum leptin in wild vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops), testing the hypothesis that serum leptin in vervets varies with sex, adiposity, ecology, and ... | 2008 | 18661475 |
| [human infection with simian herpes b virus in africa]. | simian herpes b virus or cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (cehv-1) is enzootic (80% to 100%) in asian monkeys of the genus macaca but is also present in other monkey species. this virus, discovered in 1933, is closely related to human herpesvirus 1 and human herpesvirus 2, responsible respectively for labial and genital herpes. cehv-1 infection is generally asymptomatic or mild in monkeys but in humans it may lead to fulminant encephalomyelitis that has an 80% lethality rate without treatment. infec ... | 2008 | 18684683 |
| experimental infections of baboons (papio spp.) and vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) with trichinella zimbabwensis and successful treatment with ivermectin. | experimental trichinella zimbabwensis infections were established in three baboons (papio sp.) and four vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) and the clinical-pathological manifestations assessed. the infected animals showed clinical signs ranging from fever, diarrhoea, periorbital oedema and muscular pain in varying degrees. one baboon became blind due to the infection. levels of creatinine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase increased to reach a peak on day 42 post-infection (pi) for bot ... | 2008 | 18788211 |
| simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-specific cd8+ t-cell responses in vervet african green monkeys chronically infected with sivagm. | african green monkeys (agm) do not develop overt signs of disease following simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection. while it is still unknown how natural hosts like agm can cope with this lentivirus infection, a large number of investigations have shown that cd8(+) t-cell responses are critical for the containment of aids viruses in humans and asian nonhuman primates. here we have compared the phenotypes of t-cell subsets and magnitudes of siv-specific cd8(+) t-cell responses in vervet ag ... | 2008 | 18829748 |
| trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense transmitted by a single tsetse fly bite in vervet monkeys as a model of human african trypanosomiasis. | we have investigated the pathogenicity of tsetse (glossina pallidipes)-transmitted cloned strains of trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in vervet monkeys. tsetse flies were confirmed to have mature trypanosome infections by xenodiagnosis, after which nine monkeys were infected via the bite of a single infected fly. chancres developed in five of the nine (55.6%) monkeys within 4 to 8 days post infection (dpi). all nine individuals were successfully infected, with a median pre-patent period of 4 (rang ... | 2008 | 18846231 |
| prevalence of antibodies and cell mediated immune response against leishmania major in feral nonhuman primates from kenya. | in kenya, leishmania major is responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). natural infection with l. major of a vervet monkey and experimental susceptibility of some nonhuman primates (nhps) from kenya has been established. however, there has been no comprehensive study of the prevalence of zoonotic cl in kenya. and also, no investigation has been done to assess whether nhps could be potential reservoir hosts of l. major even when the involvement of reservoir animals is obligatory in tran ... | 2009 | 18983806 |
| neuronal reduction in frontal cortex of primates after prenatal alcohol exposure. | children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (fasd) show behavioral and intellectual impairments that indicate frontal lobe dysfunction, but the extent of damage to this region has not been clarified by brain imaging studies. this study uses the st kitts vervet monkey, a species that voluntarily consumes beverage alcohol, to examine the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure. pregnant vervets were allowed to drink the equivalent of 3-5 standard drinks four times a week during the third trimester ... | 2009 | 18987558 |
| preferential gene expression in the limbus of the vervet monkey. | to elucidate the unique molecular factors and biological processes that are differentially expressed in the limbal stem cell microenvironment by comparing directly to that of its immediate adjacent structures, the cornea and conjunctiva. | 2008 | 18989386 |
| quantitative evaluation of mptp-treated nonhuman parkinsonian primates in the hallway task. | parkinson's disease (pd) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. an experimental model of this disease is produced in nonhuman primates by the administration of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp). in this work, we put forward a new quantitative evaluation method that uses video recordings to measure the displacement, gate, gross and fine motor performance of freely moving subjects. four vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were trained in a behavioral obse ... | 2009 | 19022292 |
| after the fire: benefits of reduced ground cover for vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). | here we describe changes in ranging behavior and other activities of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) after a wildfire eliminated grass cover in a large area near the study group's home range. soon after the fire, the vervets ranged farther away from tall trees that provide refuge from mammalian predators, and moved into the burned area where they had never been observed to go before the fire occurred. visibility at vervet eye-level was 10 times farther in the burned area than in unburned ... | 2009 | 19058136 |
| efficacy of the novel diamidine compound 2,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)- furan-bis-o-methlylamidoxime (pafuramidine, db289) against trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection in vervet monkeys after oral administration. | owing to the lack of oral drugs for human african trypanosomiasis, patients have to be hospitalized for 10 to 30 days to facilitate treatment with parenterally administered medicines. the efficacy of a novel orally administered prodrug, 2,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)-furan-bis-o-methlylamidoxime (pafuramidine, db289), was tested in the vervet monkey (chlorocebus [cercopithecus] aethiops) model of sleeping sickness. five groups of three animals each were infected intravenously with 10(4) trypanosoma br ... | 2009 | 19064893 |
| milk composition of captive vervet monkey (chlorocebus pygerythrus) and rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) with observations on gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and white handed gibbon (hylobates lar). | the nutrient content and fatty acid composition of vervet monkey milk has been determined and is compared with rhesus macaque, and two hominoid apes, the white handed gibbon and gorilla. with 15.7+/-4.1 g protein, 33.1+/-9.4 g fat, and 85.1+/-7.5 g lactose per kg milk, vervet monkey milk does not differ from that of rhesus macaque, and is within the range of other primates. small amounts (>1 g kg(-1)) of oligosaccharides, glucose, galactose and fucose were noted. in comparison, gorilla milk has ... | 2009 | 19168147 |
| heterochrony and cross-species intersensory matching by infant vervet monkeys. | understanding the evolutionary origins of a phenotype requires understanding the relationship between ontogenetic and phylogenetic processes. human infants have been shown to undergo a process of perceptual narrowing during their first year of life, whereby their intersensory ability to match the faces and voices of another species declines as they get older. we investigated the evolutionary origins of this behavioral phenotype by examining whether or not this developmental process occurs in non ... | 2009 | 19172998 |
| identifying heritable brain phenotypes in an extended pedigree of vervet monkeys. | the area and volume of brain structural features, as assessed by high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (mri), are among the most heritable measures relating to the human cns. we have conducted mri scanning of all available monkeys >2 years of age (n = 357) from the extended multigenerational pedigree of the vervet research colony (vrc). using a combination of automated and manual segmentation we have quantified several correlated but distinct brain structural phenotypes. t ... | 2009 | 19261882 |
| exploration of the african green monkey as a preclinical pharmacokinetic model: oral pharmacokinetic parameters and drug-drug interactions. | african green monkeys (vervets) have been proposed as an alternate species that might allow improved access and provide high-quality pharmacokinetic results comparable with other primates. however, no oral data are available in vervets to evaluate cross-species predictive performance. therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the use of the vervet to predict human oral pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. oral pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in the vervet for eight compounds: phe ... | 2009 | 19280525 |
| predator-specific landscapes of fear and resource distribution: effects on spatial range use. | although ecologists have long recognized that animal space use is primarily determined by the presence of predators and the distribution of resources, the effects of these two environmental conditions have never been quantified simultaneously in a single spatial model. here, in a novel approach, predator-specific landscapes of fear are constructed on the basis of behavioral responses of a prey species (vervet monkey; cercopithecus aethiops), and we show how these can be combined with data on res ... | 2009 | 19323238 |
| characterization of decidual leukocyte populations in cynomolgus and vervet monkeys. | the objective of this study was the phenotypic and functional evaluation of decidual immune cells in the cynomolgus and vervet monkeys. early pregnancy (days 36-42) deciduas were obtained by fetectomy for histological evaluation and decidual mononuclear leukocyte (mnl) isolation. while peripheral nk (pnk) cells in these species do not express cd56, cd56(+) nk cells were abundant in decidual samples. the majority of decidual nk (dnk) cells (>80%) had high light-scatter characteristics and were cd ... | 2009 | 19398130 |
| endocrine mechanisms of primate life history trade-offs: growth and reproductive maturation in vervet monkeys. | life history theory predicts that the timing of maturation will result from a trade-off between growth and the age of first reproduction. this trade-off and its mechanisms of action are still poorly understood in many species and have not been well studied at the individual level. this study examined hypothesized trade-offs between growth and reproductive maturation in wild populations of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) from kenya, east africa. individuals were sampled from four populati ... | 2009 | 19402037 |
| generalized tularemia in a vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops) and a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas) in a zoo. | generalized tularemia was diagnosed in a vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops) and a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas), both of which died suddenly in the szeged zoo, szeged, hungary. macroscopic lesions in each animal included disseminated, grayish-white foci in the lungs, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and kidney. all focal lesions were characterized microscopically as purulent to pyogranulomatous to granulomatous inflammation with necrosis. francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strains were is ... | 2009 | 19407096 |
| knowing what counts: unbiased stereology in the non-human primate brain. | the non-human primate is an important translational species for understanding the normal function and disease processes of the human brain. unbiased stereology, the method accepted as state-of-the-art for quantification of biological objects in tissue sections, generates reliable structural data for biological features in the mammalian brain. the key components of the approach are unbiased (systematic-random) sampling of anatomically defined structures (reference spaces), combined with quantific ... | 2009 | 19444156 |
| the alarm call system of two species of black-and-white colobus monkeys (colobus polykomos and colobus guereza). | vervet monkey alarm calling has long been the paradigmatic example of how primates use vocalizations in response to predators. in vervets, there is a close and direct relationship between the production of distinct alarm vocalizations and the presence of distinct predator types. recent fieldwork has however revealed the use of several additional alarm calling systems in primates. here, the authors describe playback studies on the alarm call system of two colobine species, the king colobus (colob ... | 2009 | 19450021 |
| characterization of cynomolgus and vervet monkey placental mhc class i expression: diversity of the nonhuman primate ag locus. | nonhuman primates are important animal models for the study of the maternal immune response to implantation within the decidua. the objective of this study was to define the placental expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules in the cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) and vervet (african green) (chlorocebus aethiops) monkeys. early pregnancy (d36-42) cynomolgus and vervet placentas were obtained by fetectomy and prepared for histological evaluation. a pan-mhc class i mo ... | 2009 | 19468726 |
| characterization of francisella tularensis strains, comparing their carbon source utilization. | thirteen francisella tularensis strains were isolated from 22 seropositive brown hares (lepus europaeus) originating from different parts of hungary, and further two from a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas) and vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops). the isolates were identified as f. tularensis ssp. holarctica on the basis of culture, morphological and biochemical characteristics. the identification was verified by polymerase chain reaction and the sequencing of the partial 16s rrna gene. utiliza ... | 2010 | 19538455 |
| immunospecific immunoglobulins and il-10 as markers for trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense late stage disease in experimentally infected vervet monkeys. | to determine the usefulness of il-10 and immunoglobulin m (igm) as biomarkers for staging hat in vervet monkeys, a useful pathogenesis model for humans. | 2009 | 19573160 |
| enhanced cholinergic response in pancreata of nonhuman primates with impaired glucose tolerance shown on [18f]fluorobenzyltrozamicol positron emission tomography. | islet cell adaptation to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus may be due in part to increased stimulation of beta cells by the autonomic nervous system. the parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ach) mediates insulin release via m3 muscarinic receptors on islet beta cells. the vesicular ach transporter (vacht) receptor correlates with cholinergic activity in vivo. the positron emission tomography (pet) radiotracer (+)-4-[18f]fluorobenzyltrozamicol ([18f]fbt) binds to the vach ... | 2009 | 19580359 |
| supply and demand determine the market value of food providers in wild vervet monkeys. | animals neither negotiate verbally nor conclude binding contracts, but nevertheless regularly exchange goods and services without overt coercion and manage to arrive at agreements over exchange rates. biological market theory predicts that such exchange rates fluctuate according to the law of supply and demand. previous studies showed that primates pay more when commodities become scarcer: subordinates groomed dominants longer before being tolerated at food sites in periods of shortage; females ... | 2009 | 19581578 |
| neuroprotective natural antibodies to assemblies of amyloidogenic peptides decrease with normal aging and advancing alzheimer's disease. | a number of distinct beta-amyloid (abeta) variants or multimers have been implicated in alzheimer's disease (ad), and antibodies recognizing such peptides are in clinical trials. humans have natural abeta-specific antibodies, but their diversity, abundance, and function in the general population remain largely unknown. here, we demonstrate with peptide microarrays the presence of natural antibodies against known toxic abeta and amyloidogenic non-abeta species in plasma samples and cerebrospinal ... | 2009 | 19581601 |
| dissecting the non-human primate brain in stereotaxic space. | the use of non-human primates provides an excellent translational model for our understanding of developmental and aging processes in humans(1-6). in addition, the use of non-human primates has recently afforded the opportunity to naturally model complex psychiatric disorders such as alcohol abuse(7). here we describe a technique for blocking the brain in the coronal plane of the vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops sabeus) in the intact skull in stereotaxic space. the method described here provi ... | 2009 | 19609252 |
| revisiting play elements and self-handicapping in play: a comparative ethogram of five old world monkey species. | play behavior has been viewed as a mixture of elements drawn from "serious" behavior, interspersed by ritualized play signals. two other types of play behaviors have been overlooked: patterns that are dissimilar from any serious behavior and patterns with self-handicapping character, that is, those that put the animal into unnecessary disadvantageous positions or situations. here the authors show that these 2 types of patterns can constitute a major part of play repertoire. from our own videorec ... | 2009 | 19685966 |
| identification of brain transcriptional variation reproduced in peripheral blood: an approach for mapping brain expression traits. | genome-wide gene expression studies may provide substantial insight into gene activities and biological pathways differing between tissues and individuals. we investigated such gene expression variation by analyzing expression profiles in brain tissues derived from eight different brain regions and from blood in 12 monkeys from a biomedically important non-human primate model, the vervet (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus). we characterized brain regional differences in gene expression, focusing on t ... | 2009 | 19692348 |
| resource brief: the national non-human primate dna bank. | a national non-human primate (nhp) dna bank has been established by the national primate research centers and the national center for research resources, nih, providing a new resource for comparative genomic studies. the collection includes genomic dna samples from macaques, chimpanzees, baboons, vervets, marmosets, sooty mangabeys and titi monkeys. the repository includes dnas from 697 unrelated animals, suitable for comparing allele representation within and between species. another 474 dnas a ... | 2009 | 19706346 |
| the problem of the etiology of herpes zoster. | attempts were made to produce lesions in. animals by the injection of material obtained from the vesicles and involved skin of nine cases of herpes zoster. all the cases, with the exception of one (case ii), were characteristic cases of idiopathic herpes zoster and the question of their being cases of so called zosteriform herpes or symptomatic herpes zoster can hardly be raised. as regards case ii, if this case occurred alone, there might be some doubt as to its nature on account of the mildnes ... | 1925 | 19869091 |
| nuclear inclusions in the testicles of monkeys injected with the tissue of human varicella lesions. | eosin-staining nuclear inclusions resembling those deemed characteristic of a certain well known group of filterable viruses, amongst which is varicella, were found in vervets' testicles inoculated with emulsified tissue of human varicella lesions. | 1926 | 19869121 |
| do females pay attention to secondary sexual coloration in vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops)? | several primate species show sexual dichromatism with males displaying conspicuous coloration of the pelage or skin. studies of scrotal coloration in male vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops) suggest that it is an important intrasexual signal, with relatively dark, colourful males dominating paler males. to date, no studies have examined the influence of male colour on intersexual social interactions in vervet monkeys. the primary goal of the present study was to evaluate whether female vervet ... | 2010 | 19876610 |
| high-fiber diet promotes weight loss and affects maternal behavior in vervet monkeys. | the dramatic increase in obesity in western societies has shifted the emphasis in nutrition research from the problems of undernutrition to the adverse consequences of being overweight. as with humans, old world monkeys are at increased risk for type ii diabetes and other chronic diseases when they gain excessive weight. to prevent overweight and obesity, promote animal health, and provide a more natural level of fiber in the diet, the standard commercial monkey chow diet at a vervet monkey bree ... | 2010 | 19937736 |
| simian rotaviruses possess divergent gene constellations that originated from interspecies transmission and reassortment. | although few simian rotaviruses (rvs) have been isolated, such strains have been important for basic research and vaccine development. to explore the origins of simian rvs, the complete genome sequences of strains ptrv (g8p[1]), rrv (g3p[3]), and tuch (g3p[24]) were determined. these data allowed the genotype constellations of each virus to be determined and the phylogenetic relationships of the simian strains with each other and with nonsimian rvs to be elucidated. the results indicate that ptr ... | 2010 | 19939934 |
| partial recovery of hemiparesis following hemispherectomy in infant monkeys. | hemiparesis, unilateral weakness or partial paralysis, is a common outcome following hemispherectomy in humans. we use the non-human primate as an invaluable translational model for our understanding of developmental plasticity in response to hemispherectomy. three infant vervet monkeys (chlorocebus sabeus) underwent hemispherectomy at a median age of 9 weeks and two additional monkeys at 48 months. gross motor assessment was conducted in a large open field that contained a horizontal bar spanni ... | 2010 | 19969043 |
| inhibition of adaptive immune responses leads to a fatal clinical outcome in siv-infected pigtailed macaques but not vervet african green monkeys. | african green monkeys (agm) and other natural hosts for simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) do not develop an aids-like disease following siv infection. to evaluate differences in the role of siv-specific adaptive immune responses between natural and nonnatural hosts, we used siv(agmver90) to infect vervet agm and pigtailed macaques (ptm). this infection results in robust viral replication in both vervet agm and pigtailed macaques (ptm) but only induces aids in the latter species. we delayed the ... | 2009 | 20011508 |
| comparative analyses of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the tnf promoter region provide further validation for the vervet monkey model of obesity. | tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine that plays critical roles in inflammation, the innate immune response, and a variety of other physiologic and pathophysiologic processes. in addition, tnf has recently been shown to mediate an intersection of chronic, low-grade inflammation and concurrent metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity and its comorbidities. as part of an ongoing initiative to further characterize vervet monkeys originating from st kitts as an animal model of obesity and infla ... | 2009 | 20034434 |
| changes in ranging and agonistic behavior of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) after predator-induced group fusion. | socio-ecological theory predicts that group fusion in female-philopatric primate species will be rare because females experience increased costs by associating with non-relatives. indeed, fusion has been reported only 14 times in only 4 female-philopatric cercopithecines despite many years of observation. here, we describe changes in ranging and agonistic behavior of vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) after the fusion of two groups, the sole group fusion during 11 years of observation, indu ... | 2010 | 20213654 |
| selective attention to philopatric models causes directed social learning in wild vervet monkeys. | human behaviour is often based on social learning, a mechanism that has been documented also in a variety of other vertebrates. however, social learning as a means of problem-solving may be optimal only under specific conditions, and both theoretical work and laboratory experiments highlight the importance of a potential model's identity. here we present the results from a social learning experiment on six wild vervet monkey groups, where models were either a dominant female or a dominant male. ... | 2010 | 20236972 |
| linear and conformation specific antibodies in aged beagles after prolonged vaccination with aggregated abeta. | previously we showed that anti-abeta peptide immunotherapy significantly attenuated alzheimer's-like amyloid deposition in the central nervous system of aged canines. in this report we have characterized the changes that occurred in the humoral immune response over 2.4years in canines immunized repeatedly with aggregated abeta(1-42) (an1792) formulated in alum adjuvant. we observed a rapid and robust induction of anti-abeta antibody titers, which were associated with an anti-inflammatory t helpe ... | 2010 | 20451612 |
| clinicopathologic characterization of naturally occurring diabetes mellitus in vervet monkeys. | diabetes mellitus (dm) is a group of chronic metabolic diseases characterized by persistent fasting hyperglycemia, and it can be of either polygenic or monogenic origin. animal models have played an important role in elucidating the pathophysiology of the polygenic type 1 and type 2 dm forms; however, useful animal models of the monogenic forms do not exist. the authors describe 4 cases of naturally occurring dm in vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus), 1 of which has clinicopathologic f ... | 2010 | 20460450 |
| fetal and maternal factors associated with infant mortality in vervet monkeys. | causes of infant death remain unknown in significant proportions of human and non-human primate pregnancies. | 2011 | 20637047 |
| reduced soma size of the m-neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus following foetal alcohol exposure in non-human primates. | visual impairment is commonly reported as a consequence of heavy prenatal ethanol exposure in humans. children generally display characteristic cranio-facial dysmorphology and represent typical severe cases of foetal alcohol syndrome. binge-like rodent model systems have concluded that third trimester equivalent ethanol exposure results in widespread apoptosis in the visual system from the retina to the visual cortex. neither clinical nor animal studies address the consequences of more moderate ... | 2010 | 20661554 |
| postrelease success of two rehabilitated vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops) troops in kwazulu-natal, south africa. | in south africa, the most common primate in rehabilitation centres is the vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops). here we evaluated the efficacy of releasing two vervet monkey troops into the wild, using the standard methods employed by an established rehabilitation centre. two troops were assembled over 2-3 years. coloured ear tags identified adults, subadults and juveniles. radiocollars were placed on all the adults and subadults of both troops (41% of all individuals). each troop was released a ... | 2010 | 20668387 |
| prevalence of hypermucoid klebsiella pneumoniae among wild-caught and captive vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) on the island of st. kitts. | invasive, hypermucoid klebsiella pneumoniae causes severe abscess formation in humans and in certain species of nonhuman primates. we conducted a survey of captive and wild-caught african green monkeys, or vervets (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus), on the caribbean island of st. kitts to assess their carriage rate of klebsiella spp. forty percent of rectal swabs from captive monkeys were positive for k. pneumoniae, and 20% of wild-caught animals were positive. two wild-caught monkeys (4%) were posi ... | 2010 | 20688708 |
| computational physiology of the basal ganglia in parkinson's disease. | the normal activity of basal ganglia neurons is characterized by poisson-like (random) firing patterns. correlations between neurons of the same structure are weak or non-existent. by contrast, synchronous oscillations are commonly found in the basal ganglia of human patients and animal models of parkinson's disease. the frequency of these oscillations is often similar to that of the parkinsonian tremor, but their role in generating the tremor or other parkinsonian symptoms is still under debate ... | 2010 | 20696324 |
| the ultrastructure of the sertoli cell of the vervet monkey, chlorocebus aethiops. | the ultrastructure of the sertoli cell of the vervet monkey was studied using both scanning and transmission electron microscopic techniques. sem micrographs revealed perforated sleeve-like processes which encased mature elongated spermatids which are ready for spermiation. tem micrographs showed a large sertoli cell nucleus characterized by many lobes (4-5) and consisting of a homogenous nucleoplasm and a distinctive nucleolus. the nucleus occupies a significant portion of the basal region of t ... | 2010 | 20828773 |
| a web-based brain atlas of the vervet monkey, chlorocebus aethiops. | vervet monkeys are a frequently studied animal model in neuroscience research. although equally distantly related to humans, the ancestors of vervets diverged from those of macaques and baboons more than 11 million years ago, antedating the divergence of the ancestors of humans, chimpanzees and gorillas. to facilitate anatomic localization in the vervet brain, two linked on-line electronic atlases are described, one based on registered mri scans from hundreds of vervets (http://www.loni.ucla.edu ... | 2010 | 20923706 |
| retrospective analysis of suspected rabies cases reported at bugando referral hospital, mwanza, tanzania. | the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of humans being bitten by rabies-suspected animals, and the victims' adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis (pep) regimen. | 2010 | 20927280 |
| demography and life histories of sympatric patas monkeys, erythrocebus patas, and vervets, cercopithecus aethiops, in laikipia, kenya. | mortality patterns are thought to be strong selective forces on life history traits, with high adult mortality and low immature mortality favoring early and rapid reproduction. patas monkeys (erythrocebus patas) have the highest potential rates of population increase for their body size of any haplorhine primate because they reproduce both earlier and more often. we report here 10 yr of comparative demographic data on a population of patas monkeys and a sympatric population of vervet monkeys (ce ... | 2009 | 20976285 |
| susceptibility of vervet monkeys to poliomyelitis virus in flies collected at epidemics. | | 1945 | 21011061 |
| evolutionary patterns of killer cell ig-like receptor genes in old world monkeys. | killer cell ig-like receptors (kirs) modulate the cytotoxic effects of natural killer cells. kir genes are encoded in the leucocyte receptor complex and are characterized by their high haplotypic diversity and polymorphism. the kir system has been studied in only three species of old world monkeys, the rhesus macaque, the cynomolgus macaque, and the sabaeus monkey, displaying a complexity rivaling that of hominids (human and apes). here we analyzed bacterial artificial chromosome draft sequences ... | 2010 | 21185924 |
| contact with human facilities appears to enhance technical skills in wild vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops). | technical abilities of primates are typically tested in the laboratory. it has been argued that close contact between animals and humans may lead to an increase in skills due to an 'enculturation' of subjects. here, we provide evidence that exposure to human facilities may improve wild vervet monkeys' technical skills in a social learning task using the 'artificial fruit' approach. two of our 6 study groups had access to human facilities within their territories. only members of these 2 groups w ... | 2010 | 21212682 |
| ongoing beta-cell turnover in adult nonhuman primates is not adaptively increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. | ß-cell turnover and its potential to permit ß-cell regeneration in adult primates are unknown. our aims were 1) to measure ß-cell turnover in adult nonhuman primates; 2) to establish the relative contribution of ß-cell replication and formation of new ß-cells from other precursors (defined thus as ß-cell neogenesis); and 3) to establish whether there is an adaptive increase in ß-cell formation (attempted regeneration) in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetes in adult nonhuman primates. | 2011 | 21270238 |
| restoring hsp70 deficiencies improves glucose tolerance in diabetic monkeys. | we evaluated heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) changes in diabetes mellitus (dm) in a nonhuman primate model. to this end, two studies were conducted in dm vervet monkeys. 1) normal control and streptozotocin-induced dm monkeys (stz-dm) that were differentiated into moderately or poorly controlled dm by judicious insulin administration were evaluated. liver was collected at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 wk after streptozotocin, exposed to ex vivo heat shock at 42°c, and immunoblotted for heat shock factor 1 ... | 2011 | 21325107 |
| single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the tnf gene are associated with obesity-related phenotypes in vervet monkeys. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf) promoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) have been extensively characterized in humans, with numerous reports of associations with obesity-related phenotypes as well an array of infectious, immune-mediated, and inflammatory disease phenotypes. controlling for the multitude of environmental risk factors in human studies has been a major confounder of efforts to elucidate the role and relative contribution of tnf promoter snps. as part of an ongoing initiative to ... | 2011 | 21331060 |
| detection and genetic characterization of enteroviruses circulating among wild populations of chimpanzees in cameroon: relationship with human and simian enteroviruses. | enteroviruses (evs), members of the family picornaviridae, are a genetically and antigenically diverse range of viruses causing acute infections in humans and several old world monkey (owm) species. despite their known wide distribution in primates, nothing is currently known about the occurrence, frequency, and genetic diversity of enteroviruses infecting apes. to investigate this, 27 chimpanzee and 27 gorilla fecal samples collected from undisturbed jungle areas with minimal human contact in c ... | 2011 | 21345956 |
| distribution of collateral fibers in the monkey cervical spinal cord detected with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. | diffusion anisotropy monitored with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dwmri) is a sensitive marker to monitor developmental or pathological microstructural changes in spinal cord. the white matter is often treated as a unidirectional axonal bundle but collateral fibers branching off the main spinal pathways contradicts this assumption and affects the diffusion anisotropy. it is the aim of this study to investigate to what extent collateral fibers are apparent in diffusion tensor dat ... | 2011 | 21352926 |
| characterization and validation of a streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in the vervet monkey. | streptozotocin (stz), preferentially toxic to pancreatic beta cells, is commonly used to model type 1 diabetes mellitus (dm) in numerous species, including nonhuman primates. | 2011 | 21356321 |
| a novelty seeking phenotype is related to chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity reflected by hair cortisol. | reduced hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (hpa) activity is associated with greater novelty seeking in humans. hair cortisol represents an integrated proxy measure of total cortisol production/release over an extended period of time and may be a valuable tool for tracking the hpa system. sampling approaches (collection of blood, saliva, urine, or feces) for socially housed nonhuman primates present a number of technical challenges for collection particularly when repeated sampling is necessary. her ... | 2011 | 21396388 |
| heritability and genetic correlation of hair cortisol in vervet monkeys in low and higher stress environments. | chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (hpa) system is a risk factor for a variety of physical and mental disorders, and yet the complexity of the system has made it difficult to define the role of genetic and environmental factors in producing long-term individual differences in hpa activity. cortisol levels in hair have been suggested as a marker of total hpa activation over a period of several months. this study takes advantage of a pedigreed nonhuman primate colony to inves ... | 2011 | 21411232 |
| influence of trypanocidal therapy on the haematology of vervet monkeys experimentally infected with trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. | the aim of this study was to characterise the sequential haematological changes in vervet monkeys infected with trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and subsequently treated with sub-curative diminazene aceturate (da) and curative melarsoprol (melb) trypanocidal drugs. fourteen vervet monkeys, on a serial timed-kill pathogenesis study, were infected intravenously with 10(4) trypanosomes of a stabilate t. b. rhodesiense ketri 2537. they were treated with da at 28 days post infection (dpi) and with melb ... | 2011 | 21420376 |
| planum temporale grey matter asymmetries in chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), vervet (chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus), rhesus (macaca mulatta) and bonnet (macaca radiata) monkeys. | brain asymmetries, particularly asymmetries within regions associated with language, have been suggested as a key difference between humans and our nearest ancestors. these regions include the planum temporale (pt) - the bank of tissue that lies posterior to heschl's gyrus and encompasses wernicke's area, an important brain region involved in language and speech in the human brain. in the human brain, both the surface area and the grey matter volume of the pt are larger in the left compared to r ... | 2011 | 21447349 |
| coordinately regulated alternative splicing of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake. | genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake are transcriptionally regulated in response to cellular sterol content in a coordinated manner. a number of these genes, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase (hmgcr) and ldl receptor (ldlr), undergo alternative splicing, resulting in reductions of enzyme or protein activity. here we demonstrate that cellular sterol depletion suppresses, and sterol loading induces, alternative splicing of multiple genes involved in the mai ... | 2011 | 21559365 |
| dorsal striatal d2-like receptor availability covaries with sensitivity to positive reinforcement during discrimination learning. | deviations in reward sensitivity and behavioral flexibility, particularly in the ability to change or stop behaviors in response to changing environmental contingencies, are important phenotypic dimensions of several neuropsychiatric disorders. neuroimaging evidence suggests that variation in dopamine signaling through dopamine d(2)-like receptors may influence these phenotypes, as well as associated psychiatric conditions, but the specific neurocognitive mechanisms through which this influence ... | 2011 | 21593313 |
| weight loss, weakness and lymphadenopathy in two vervet monkeys (chlorocebus spp.). | | 2011 | 21597498 |
| environmental stress alters genetic regulation of novelty seeking in vervet monkeys. | considerable attention has been paid to identifying genetic influences and gene-environment interactions that increase vulnerability to environmental stressors, with promising but inconsistent results. a nonhuman primate model is presented here that allows assessment of genetic influences on response to a stressful life event for a behavioral trait with relevance for psychopathology. genetic and environmental influences on free choice novelty seeking behavior were assessed in a pedigreed colony ... | 2011 | 21631727 |
| induced cooperation to access a shareable reward increases the hierarchical segregation of wild vervet monkeys. | until now cooperation experiments in primates have paid little attention to how cooperation can emerge and what effects are produced on the structure of a social group in nature. i performed field experiments with three groups of wild vervet monkeys in south africa. i induced individuals to repeatedly approach and operate food containers. at least two individuals needed to operate the containers in order to get the reward. the recurrent partner associations observed before the experiment only pa ... | 2011 | 21799760 |
| the effect of housing and environmental enrichment on stereotyped behavior of adult vervet monkeys (chlorocebus aethiops). | little information is available on the response of vervet monkeys to different housing conditions or on the suitability of enrichment devices or methods for vervet monkeys. in this study, the authors evaluated the occurrence of stereotyped behavior in adult vervet monkeys under various conditions of housing and enrichment. the variables included cage size, cage level (upper or lower), enrichment with a foraging log, enrichment with an exercise cage and presence of a mate. the authors first deter ... | 2011 | 21691296 |
| authentication of african green monkey cell lines using human short tandem repeat markers. | tools for authenticating cell lines are critical for quality control in cell-based biological experiments. currently there are methods to authenticate human cell lines using short tandem repeat (str) markers based on the technology and procedures successfully used in the forensic community for human identification, but there are no str based methods for authenticating nonhuman cell lines to date. there is significant homology between the human and vervet monkey genome and we utilized these simil ... | 2011 | 22059503 |
| Possible thermoregulatory functions of the internal vertebral venous plexus in man and various other mammals: Evidence from comparative anatomical studies. | Comparative anatomy was used to collect more evidence for a thermoregulatory function of the internal vertebral venous plexus (IVVP). The venous connections of the IVVP were studied and compared in various mammals in order to find evidence for the existence of climate related anatomical adaptations. Humans and vervet monkeys were chosen as representatives of mammals living in moderate climates, the IVVP of the dolphin was studied because this animal is always surrounded by cold water. The spring ... | 2011 | 21913229 |
| does alzheimer's disease exist in all primates? alzheimer pathology in non-human primates and its pathophysiological implications (ii). | introduction: in the ageing process there are some species of non-human primates which can show some of the defining characteristics of the alzheimer's disease (ad) of man, both in neuropathological changes and cognitive-behavioural symptoms. the study of these species is of prime importance to understand ad and develop therapies to combat this neurodegenerative disease. development: in this second part of the study, these ad features are discussed in the most important non-experimental ad model ... | 2011 | 21871692 |
| Anatomic brain asymmetry in vervet monkeys. | Asymmetry is a prominent feature of human brains with important functional consequences. Many asymmetric traits show population bias, but little is known about the genetic and environmental sources contributing to inter-individual variance. Anatomic asymmetry has been observed in Old World monkeys, but the evidence for the direction and extent of asymmetry is equivocal and only one study has estimated the genetic contributions to inter-individual variance. In this study we characterize a range o ... | 2011 | 22205941 |
| Aged vervet monkeys developing transthyretin amyloidosis with the human disease-causing Ile122 allele: a valid pathological model of the human disease. | Mutant forms of transthyretin (TTR) cause the most common type of autosomal-dominant hereditary systemic amyloidosis. In addition, wild-type TTR causes senile systemic amyloidosis, a sporadic disease seen in the elderly. Although spontaneous development of TTR amyloidosis had not been reported in animals other than humans, we recently determined that two aged vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) spontaneously developed systemic TTR amyloidosis. In this study here, we first determined that ag ... | 2011 | 22184092 |
| Bush Animal Attacks: Management of complex injuries in a resource-limited setting. | ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Though animal-related injuries and fatalities have been documented throughout the world, the variety of attacks by wild animals native to rural East Africa are less commonly described. Given the proximity of our northwestern Tanzania hospital to Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, and the Serengeti National Park, and presentation of several patients attacked by bush animals and suffering a variety of complex injuries, we sought to report the pattern of attacks and surgical ... | 2011 | 22189007 |
| Hair cortisol levels track phylogenetic and age related differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in non-human primates. | Hair has been shown to archive a uniquely time averaged signal of endocrine activity, and holds attractive advantages for both laboratory and field research. Prior research has explored the potential of hair hormone analysis to examine hormone-behavior relationships. To date, no research has focused on the potential of the technique to investigate age-related changes or taxon differences in endocrine function. It is known that non-human primate infants of many taxa exhibit high cortisol levels a ... | 2011 | 21893059 |
| lipid metabolism and other metabolic changes in vervet monkeys experimentally infected with trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. | background human african trypanosomiasis is associated with metabolic changes which have not been well characterized. methods chlorocebus aethiops were experimentally infected with trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and late-stage disease induced at 28 days post-infection. ear prick blood for glucose determination and blood samples were obtained at weekly intervals for 56 days. analysis was carried out using dry chemistry analysis. results in early infection, there was a significant increase in c ... | 2011 | 22070162 |
| Expression and localization of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 and the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase in the retina of vervet monkeys. | The presence of a widespread endocannabinoid (eCB) system within the nervous system, including the retina, has been demonstrated in recent years. Expression patterns of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) are available for rodents, but data for humans and monkeys are scarce. We, therefore, thoroughly examined the distribution pattern of CB1R and FAAH throughout the retina of the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus sabeus) using confocal microscopy. Our resu ... | 2011 | 22142900 |
| contrasting nephropathic responses to oral administration of extract of cultured penicillium polonicum in rat and primate. | liquid- or solid substrate-cultured penicillium polonicum administered in feed to rats over several days evokes a histopathological response in kidney involving apoptosis and abnormal mitosis in proximal tubules. the amphoteric toxin is yet only partly characterized, but can be isolated from cultured sporulating biomass in a fraction that is soluble in water and ethanol, and exchangeable on either anion- or cation-exchange resins. after several weeks of treatment renal proximal tubule distortion ... | 2010 | 22069673 |
| Diversity and host specificity of Blastocystis in syntopic primates on Rubondo Island, Tanzania. | The isolated ecosystem of Rubondo Island National Park, Tanzania is an interesting model site, inhabited by an assembly of primate species with various histories: two introduced primate species, Pantroglodytes (chimpanzee) and Colobus guereza (colobus), and a single indigenous species Chlorocebus aethiops pygerythrus (vervet monkey). Apart from important lessons for future introduction/re-introduction projects, Rubondo National Park offers a unique place to study the patterns of transmission of ... | 2011 | 21854778 |
| atlas-guided segmentation of vervet monkey brain mri. | the vervet monkey is an important nonhuman primate model that allows the study of isolated environmental factors in a controlled environment. analysis of monkey mri often suffers from lower quality images compared with human mri because clinical equipment is typically used to image the smaller monkey brain and higher spatial resolution is required. this, together with the anatomical differences of the monkey brains, complicates the use of neuroimage analysis pipelines tuned for human mri analysi ... | 2011 | 22253661 |
| a comparative study of growth patterns in crested langurs and vervet monkeys. | the physical growth patterns of crested langurs and vervet monkeys are investigated for several unilinear dimensions. long bone lengths, trunk height, foot length, epiphyseal fusion of the long bones and the pelvis, and cranial capacity are compared through six dental growth stages in male trachypithecus cristatus (crested langurs) and cercopithecus aethiops (vervet monkeys). results show that the body elements of crested langurs mature differently than those of vervets. in some dimensions, lang ... | 2011 | 22567303 |