| assessment of sarcoptes scabiei viability in vivo by reflectance confocal microscopy. | | 2011 | 21318343 |
| determination of oxidative status and apoptosis in peripheral blood of dogs with sarcoptic mange. | the aim of the present study was to determine the erythrocytic oxidant/antioxidant balance and apoptosis of peripheral blood leukocytes of dogs with natural sarcoptes scabiei var. canis mite infestation. a total of twenty four clinically sarcoptes-infested dogs were examined and used to execute the study. while another twenty four healthy dogs free of any ecto-parasite were used as controls. peripheral blood samples were obtained from each infested only once on the day of dermatological examinat ... | 2011 | 21324594 |
| the curative and antioxidative efficiency of ivermectin and ivermectin + vitamin e-selenium treatment on canine sarcoptes scabiei infestation. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the curative and antioxidative efficacy of ivermectin and ivermectin + vitamin e-selenium, and the influence of these agents on oxidative stress parameters in canines infested by sarcoptes scabiei. twenty two sarcoptic mites infested dogs and nine healthy dogs of 6 months to 2 years of age were divided into three groups. group i comprised of healthy dogs (n=9) whereas animals in group ii (n=11) and iii (n=11) were positive for scabies. group ... | 2011 | 21336571 |
| plant extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and plant-derived agents which are lethal to arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases--a review. | the recent scientific literature on plant-derived agents with potential or effective use in the control of the arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases is reviewed. arthropod-borne tropical diseases include: amebiasis, chagas disease (american trypanosomiasis), cholera, cryptosporidiosis, dengue (hemorrhagic fever), epidemic typhus (brill-zinsser disease), filariasis (elephantiasis), giardia (giardiasis), human african trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), isosporiasis, leishmaniasis, lyme di ... | 2011 | 21432748 |
| sarcoptes-world molecular network (sarcoptes-wmn): integrating research on scabies. | parasites threaten human and animal health globally. it is estimated that more than 60% of people on planet earth carry at least one parasite, many of them several different species. unfortunately, parasite studies suffer from duplications and inconsistencies between different investigator groups. hence, groups need to collaborate in an integrated manner in areas including parasite control, improved therapy strategies, diagnostic and surveillance tools, and public awareness. parasite studies wil ... | 2011 | 21454116 |
| comparison of dermoscopy, skin scraping, and the adhesive tape test for the diagnosis of scabies in a resource-poor setting. | scabies is a parasitic skin disease endemic in resource-poor communities in low-income countries. the best ways to diagnose scabies in this setting have not been investigated. | 2011 | 21482897 |
| canine scabies in humans: a case report and review of the literature. | background:sarcoptes scabiei causes mange in many domestic and wild mammals, and it has been reported to be transmitted from animals to humans. canine scabies is known to infest humans, as well. case report: we report a 27-year-old woman who presented with severe pruritic papules on the trunk and arms. the patient reported that she had just bought a puppy which was also itchy. direct microscopy from the dog showed scabies mites. the patient was treated by 5% permethrin which accomplished full re ... | 2011 | 21540570 |
| the first scientific dermatologic communication? | | 2011 | 21566555 |
| new techniques for an old disease: sarcoptic mange in the iberian wolf. | sarcoptic mange, a parasitic skin infection caused by the burrowing mite sarcoptes scabiei, has been reported in over 100 mammals, including humans. in endangered species, mange causes conservation concerns because it may decimate isolated populations and contribute to extinction. the iberian peninsula still maintains one of the largest wolf (canis lupus) populations in europe. in iberia, sarcoptic mange is endemic in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and the first confirmed wolf mange cases were recent ... | 2011 | 21600696 |
| mange mites causing scabies in egyptian buffaloes at giza governorate, egypt. | in the present study, 560 buffaloes from a private animal farm in giza governorate were examined over one year for scabies infestation. the results showed that 466 buffaloes (83.2%) were infested with two mange mites; psoroptes natalensis and sarcoptes scabiei. the highest prevalence rate of infestation was during winter (90.4%), and lowest was in summer (71.4%). the infestation on females was 90.4%, while on males was 80.8%. the mites were predominant on the withers, lumber, back, croup and the ... | 2011 | 21634242 |
| temporal stability in the genetic structure of sarcoptes scabiei under the host-taxon law: empirical evidences from wildlife-derived sarcoptes mite in asturias, spain. | abstract: background: implicitly, parasite molecular studies assume temporal genetic stability. in this study we tested, for the first time to our knowledge, the extent of changes in genetic diversity and structure of sarcoptes mite populations from pyrenean chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica) in asturias (spain), using one multiplex of 9 microsatellite markers and sarcoptes samples from sympatric pyrenean chamois, red deer (cervus elaphus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus) and red fox (vulpes vulpes). ... | 2011 | 21794141 |
| hematology and serum biochemistry in debilitated, free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) infested with sarcoptic mange. | frequent outbreaks of sarcoptes scabiei infestation in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) have been reported in japan. although many raccoon dogs are brought to kanazawa zoological garden (yokohama, kanagawa, japan) because of s. scabiei infestation and debilitation, some of them die of asthenia. the clinical status of severely debilitated raccoon dogs must be determined to save their lives. in this study, we compared hematological and serum biochemical values between severely debilitated a ... | 2011 | 21749931 |
| european guideline for the management of scabies, 2010. | transmission of the mite sarcoptes scabiei generally occurs by protracted direct body contact; although in crusted scabies, transmission also occurs via infected clothing or bedding. diagnosis is usually clinical and topical antiscabietics are the mainstay of treatment. oral ivermectin is not licensed in most countries, but may have a role in certain patients. treatment of sexual contacts is indicated. | 2011 | 21680661 |
| pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in the southern hairy-nosed wombat (lasiorhinus latifrons). | sarcoptic mange, caused by sarcoptes scabiei var. wombati, could be a significant threat to populations of southern hairy-nosed wombats (lasiorhinus latifrons; shnw) in australia. treatment is currently based on the off-label use of various parasiticidal drugs, with limited clinical efficacy trials. our primary aim was to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of a macrocyclic lactone, moxidectin, to assist in the development of effective treatment protocols. pharmacokinetic parameters were de ... | 2011 | 21719829 |
| reflectance confocal microscopic features of dermatophytes, scabies, and demodex. | | 2011 | 21844478 |
| Scabies mite peritrophins are potential targets of human host innate immunity. | Pruritic scabies lesions caused by Sarcoptes scabiei burrowing in the stratum corneum of human skin facilitate opportunistic bacterial infections. Emerging resistance to current therapeutics emphasizes the need to identify novel targets for protective intervention. We have characterized several protein families located in the mite gut as crucial factors for host-parasite interactions. Among these multiple proteins inhibit human complement, presumably to avoid complement-mediated damage of gut ep ... | 2011 | 21980545 |
| The opportunistic Sarcoptes scabiei: A new episode from giraffe in the drought-suffering Kenya. | The ubiquitous Sarcoptes mite is unexplainable emerging and re-emerging parasite, threatening biodiversity and human health. When a new outbreak occurs, it is not clear if it is a genuine emergence resulting from a new incidence or apparent emergence resulting from increased detection. In this paper we report, for the first time to our knowledge, an outbreak of sarcoptic mange in giraffes in the wild. Three decaying carcasses and five free-ranging subadult reticulated giraffes were observed to h ... | 2011 | 22137348 |
| The detection of Sarcoptes scabiei in human skin by in vivo confocal microscopy. | | 2011 | 21926039 |
| widespread exposure to sarcoptes scabiei in wild european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) in spain. | sarcoptic mange was recently described in the wild european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) in north-eastern mediterranean spain, the first such infection reported in this species anywhere in the world. this finding has created concern in conservationists and game managers given that an outbreak of mange after a translocation would have catastrophic consequences for naïve rabbit populations in other parts of spain. a retrospective serosurvey using an 'in house' elisa test based on the use of a re ... | 2012 | 21852039 |
| sarcoptic mange in a wild swamp wallaby (wallabia bicolor). | a wild adult male swamp wallaby from victoria was found to be infested with sarcoptes scabiei. hyperkeratotic skin lesions were confined predominantly to the head and shoulders. this is the first report of sarcoptic mange in a swamp wallaby. | 2011 | 22008126 |
| acute phase protein response in the capybara (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). | we evaluated the acute phase protein response in capybaras (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). three animal groups were used: 1) healthy animals (n=30), 2) a group in which experimental inflammation with turpentine was induced (n=6), and 3) a group affected with sarcoptic scabies (n=14) in which 10 animals were treated with ivermectin. haptoglobin (hp), acid-soluble glycoprotein (asg) and albumin were analyzed in all animals. in those treated with turpentine, hp reached its maximum value at 2 wk with a ... | 2011 | 22102653 |
| prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods on wild animals and cattle in the las merindades area (burgos, spain). | this paper reports the prevalence of ectoparasitic arthropods in sampled groups of wild (n = 128; 16 species) and domestic (n = 69; 3 species) animals in the las merindades area of the province of burgos, spain. the study revealed that wild animals were more infested and with a wider variety of ectoparasites than domestic animals. the parasitic prevalence was 67% for wild animals and 48% for livestock. in this way, 39% of animals were infected by ticks. ixodes ricinus and ixodes hexagonus were t ... | 2011 | 21894267 |
| a diagnostic test for scabies: ige specificity for a recombinant allergen of sarcoptes scabiei. | scabies infestations are difficult to diagnose clinically and current serologic tests have less than 50% accuracy. to develop more reliable diagnosis of scabies, specific ige antibodies to a major scabies antigen recombinant sar s 14.3 (rsar s 14.3) were measured in 140 plasma samples from scabies-infested and control subject groups using dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorescent immunoassays (delfia). levels of rsar s 14.3-specific ige were quantified, and cross-reactivity with its house dus ... | 2011 | 22018936 |
| the curse of the prey: sarcoptes mite molecular analysis reveals potential prey-to-predator parasitic infestation in wild animals from masai mara, kenya. | recently, there have been attempts to understand the molecular epidemiology of sarcoptes scabiei, to evaluate the gene flow between isolates of s. scabiei from different hosts and geographic regions. however, to our knowledge, a molecular study has not been carried out to assess the molecular diversity and gene flow of sarcoptes mite in a predator/prey ecosystem. | 2011 | 21978557 |
| Clinical, dermatoscopic, and microscopic findings of infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. | | 2011 | 21878592 |
| acaricidal activity of extract from eupatorium adenophorum against the psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei in vitro. | the possible acaricidal activity of eupatorium adenophorum was analyzed using extracts created by water decocting, ethanol thermal circumfluence, and steam distillation. the toxic effect of each extract was tested against psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei in vitro. ethanol thermal circumfluence extract had strong toxicity against mites, killing all s. scabiei at 0.5 and 1.0 g/ml (w/v) concentration, while 1g/ml extract was also found to kill all p. cuniculi within a 4-h period. similarly, ... | 2011 | 22244533 |
| ectoparasites of stray dogs in mazandaran, gilan and qazvin provinces, north and center of iran. | the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of ectoparasite infestations in stray dogs in mazandaran, gilan and qazvin provinces in fall and winter in 2013(december to march). | 2016 | 27308294 |
| relationship between the prevalence of ectoparasites and associated risk factors in free-range pigs in kenya. | a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites and possible risk factors in free-range pigs from 135 farms of busia district, kenya. three hundred and six pigs were examined for presence of external parasites using standard parasitological methods. data on management practices including housing and history of acaricide spraying were also collected. the ectoparasites found in the pigs were haematopinus suis (96.1%), sarcoptes scabiei (63.7%), and ticks (29.7%) ... | 2013 | 23984085 |
| efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar against fleas, ticks, mites and lice on dogs. | the studies reported here were conducted to ascertain the efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin incorporated in a slow-release matrix collar, against infestations of dogs by fleas, ticks, mites and lice. efficacy was evaluated against the flea ctenocephalides felis felis, the ticks rhipicephalus sanguineus, ixodes ricinus, ixodes scapularis, dermacentor reticulatus and dermacentor variabilis, the mite sarcoptes scabiei and the biting louse trichodectes canis. | 2012 | 22647530 |
| acaricidal activity of extracts from ligularia virgaurea against the sarcoptes scabiei mite in vitro. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the acaricidal activity of ligularia virgaurea. an extract was prepared by refluxing with ethanol and steam distillation, and its toxic effect was tested in vitro against sarcoptes scabiei. the data from the toxicity tests were analyzed using a complementary log-log (cll) model. the ethanol extract exhibited strong acaricidal activity against these mites; at a concentration of 2 g/ml it killed all s. scabiei within 2 h and at 1 g/ml it killed all s ... | 2015 | 26170943 |
| ectoparasites infestation of free-ranging hedgehog (etelerix algirus) in north western libya. | the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ectoparasites in hedgehogs (etelerix algirus) in north western region of libya. seventy hedgehogs were sampled, and 39 (55.7%) were infested with external parasites. a total of 44 ticks, 491 fleas were collected from the infested hedgehogs and four species of ectoparasites were identified, one mite (sarcoptes scabiei), one tick (rhipicephalus appendiculatus) and two fleas (xenopsylla cheopis and ctenocephalides canis). for ectoparasites, 10/3 ... | 2014 | 26623333 |
| an aspartic protease of the scabies mite sarcoptes scabiei is involved in the digestion of host skin and blood macromolecules. | scabies is a disease of worldwide significance, causing considerable morbidity in both humans and other animals. the scabies mite sarcoptes scabiei burrows into the skin of its host, obtaining nutrition from host skin and blood. aspartic proteases mediate a range of diverse and essential physiological functions such as tissue invasion and migration, digestion, moulting and reproduction in a number of parasitic organisms. we investigated whether aspartic proteases may play role in scabies mite di ... | 2013 | 24244770 |
| scabies mites alter the skin microbiome and promote growth of opportunistic pathogens in a porcine model. | the resident skin microbiota plays an important role in restricting pathogenic bacteria, thereby protecting the host. scabies mites (sarcoptes scabiei) are thought to promote bacterial infections by breaching the skin barrier and excreting molecules that inhibit host innate immune responses. epidemiological studies in humans confirm increased incidence of impetigo, generally caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes, secondary to the epidermal infestation with the parasitic mite ... | 2014 | 24875186 |
| sarcoptes scabiei infestation does not alter the stability of ectoparasite communities. | the host represents a heterogeneous ecosystem where multiple parasite species co-occur and interact with each other for space and resources. although these interactions may rule the features of an infracommunity and may shape the infracommunity response to external perturbations, the resilience of ectoparasite communities to new infestations remains poorly explored. | 2016 | 27370780 |
| sarcoptes scabiei: genomics to proteomics to biology. | the common scabies mite, sarcoptes scabiei is a cosmopolitan parasite of humans and other mammals. an annotated genome of sarcoptes scabiei var. canis has been deposited in the national center for biotechnology information (ncbi) and vectorbase and a proteomic analysis of proteins in extracts of mite bodies and eggs from this strain has been reported. here we mined the data to identify predicted proteins that are known to be involved in specific biological processes in other animals. | 2016 | 27371026 |
| identification and expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in sarcoptes scabiei. | macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) is a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine produced by many mammalian tissues including skin. it is also found in many invertebrate parasites of mammals including ticks and may function to aid the parasite to evade the innate and adaptive immune responses in the host. in this study, the cdna for a mif gene was sequenced from sarcoptes scabiei, the scabies mite, using rt-pcr and race molecular techniques. the resulting nucleotide sequence had a length o ... | 2013 | 23831036 |
| a survey on ectoparasite infestations in companion dogs of ahvaz district, south-west of iran. | the objective was to determine the prevalence of ectoparasite infestations in referred companion dogs to veterinary hospital of shahid chamran university of ahvaz, from 2009 to 2010. | 2012 | 23293781 |
| characterization and evaluation of a sarcoptes scabiei allergen as a candidate vaccine. | sarcoptic mange caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei is a worldwide disease affecting both humans and animals. here we report the molecular characterization and evaluation of a recombinant s. scabiei tropomyosin (sstm) protein in a vaccination trial in rabbits. | 2012 | 22897929 |
| novel scabies mite serpins inhibit the three pathways of the human complement system. | scabies is a parasitic infestation of the skin by the mite sarcoptes scabiei that causes significant morbidity worldwide, in particular within socially disadvantaged populations. in order to identify mechanisms that enable the scabies mite to evade human immune defenses, we have studied molecules associated with proteolytic systems in the mite, including two novel scabies mite serine protease inhibitors (smss) of the serpin superfamily. immunohistochemical studies revealed that within mite-infec ... | 2012 | 22792350 |
| draft genome of the scabies mite. | the disease scabies, caused by the ectoparasitic mite, sarcoptes scabiei, causes significant morbidity in humans and other mammals worldwide. however, there is limited data available regarding the molecular basis of host specificity and host-parasite interactions. therefore, we sought to produce a draft genome for s. scabiei and use this to identify molecular markers that will be useful for phylogenetic population studies and to identify candidate protein-coding genes that are critical to the un ... | 2015 | 26555130 |
| quantitative pcr-based genome size estimation of the astigmatid mites sarcoptes scabiei, psoroptes ovis and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. | the lack of genomic data available for mites limits our understanding of their biology. evolving high-throughput sequencing technologies promise to deliver rapid advances in this area, however, estimates of genome size are initially required to ensure sufficient coverage. | 2012 | 22214472 |
| characterisation and analysis of thioredoxin peroxidase as a potential antigen for the serodiagnosis of sarcoptic mange in rabbits by dot-elisa. | scabies caused by sarcoptes scabiei is a widespread but a neglected tropical zoonosis. in this study, we characterised a s. scabiei thioredoxin peroxidase (sstpx) and evaluated a recombinant sstpx as a diagnostic antigen in rabbits. | 2013 | 23875925 |
| universal conventional and real-time pcr diagnosis tools for sarcoptes scabiei. | the mite sarcoptes scabiei has a known host-range of over 100 mammal species including humans. one of the prime objectives of the sarcoptes-world molecular network (wmn) is to design and develop universal sarcoptes pcr-based diagnosis methods. | 2015 | 26568063 |
| the emergence of sarcoptic mange in australian wildlife: an unresolved debate. | due to its suspected increase in host range and subsequent global diversification, sarcoptes scabiei has important implications at a global scale for wildlife conservation and animal and human health. the introduction of this pathogen into new locations and hosts has been shown to produce high morbidity and mortality, a situation observed recently in australian and north american wildlife.of the seven native animal species in australia known to be infested by s. scabiei, the bare-nosed wombat (v ... | 2016 | 27255333 |
| poor health is associated with use of anthropogenic resources in an urban carnivore. | rates of encounters between humans and wildlife are increasing in cities around the world, especially when wildlife overlap with people in time, space and resources. coyotes (canis latrans) can make use of anthropogenic resources and reported rates of conflict have increased in cities across north america. this increase may be linked to individual differences in the use of human food and developed areas. we compared the relationships between coyote age, sex or health and the use of anthropogenic ... | 0 | 25876843 |
| wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as sentinels of parasitic diseases in the province of soria, northern spain. | four hundred red foxes (vulpes vulpes) were examined for ecto- (arthropods) and endoparasites (leishmania spp., trichinella spp., and intestinal parasites). different species of flea (total prevalence, 40.50%), tick (16.25%), mite (7.25%), and fly (1.50%) were identified. the most prevalent flea was pulex irritans (found on 29% of the foxes); the most prevalent tick, mite, and fly were ixodes canisuga (on 5%), sarcoptes scabiei (on 5.25%), and hippobosca equina (on 1%), respectively. the endopar ... | 2015 | 26565688 |
| infections with cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange in red foxes from two different localities in denmark. | monitoring parasitic infections in the red fox is essential for obtaining baseline knowledge on the spread of diseases of veterinary and medical importance. in this study, screening for cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei) was done on 118 foxes originating from two distinct localities in denmark, (copenhagen) greater area and southern jutland. fifteen parasite species were recorded in 116 foxes (98.3%), nine parasitic species are of zoonotic potential. ... | 2014 | 24570055 |
| risk factors for prevalence of pig parasitoses in mbeya region, tanzania. | a cross-sectional study was carried out to determine risk factors for prevalence of common endo- and ectoparasites of pigs kept by smallholder farmers in mbozi and mbeya (rural) districts of mbeya region, in tanzania. a total of 482 pigs from 220 households of 16 villages, eight in each district were randomly selected and examined. prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis was 11.5%, gastrointestinal nematodes 63.7% and ectoparasites 21.2% based on ag-elisa, mcmaster technique and full body sear ... | 2015 | 26324243 |
| parasites of pigs in two farms with poor husbandry practices in bishoftu, ethiopia. | a cross-sectional study was conducted from november 2011 to april 2012 on a total of 384 pigs from two privately owned intensive farms in bishoftu, ethiopia. the objectives of the study were to identify and determine the prevalence of common parasites of pigs. for the determination of gastrointestinal (git) parasites, faecal samples were collected from the study animals and subjected to standard parasitological examination techniques. physical examination was conducted for the presence of skin p ... | 2015 | 26017194 |
| efficacy of ivermectin and oxfendazole against taenia solium cysticercosis and other parasitoses in naturally infected pigs. | smallholder semi-confined pig production is a fast growing practice in sub-saharan africa with an unfortunate outcome of high prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis and other parasitoses. the widely used anthelmintic for control of endo and ecto-parasites in pigs in the area is ivermectin at a recommended dose of 0.3mg/kg. this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety in pigs after subcutaneous injection of ivermectin (ivm, 0.3mg/kg) and orally administration of oxfendazole (of ... | 2013 | 23806569 |
| a review of pig pathology in tanzania. | the approximately 1.58 million pigs in tanzania represent 3.7% of the national population of quadruped meat-producing animals. pigs are kept mainly by small producers who own 99.5% of the national stock in units that average 3.04 animals (range 2-48). government policy has had little practical application. african swine fever, foot-and-mouth disease and cysticercosis are important diseases. the first two are notifiable diseases under tanzania legislation; the last has widespread distribution and ... | 2013 | 23733144 |
| the parasitic fauna of the european bison (bison bonasus) (linnaeus, 1758) and their impact on the conservation. part 1. the summarising list of parasites noted. | during the current century, 88 species of parasites have been recorded in bison bonasus. these are 22 species of protozoa (trypanosoma wrublewskii, t. theileri, giardia sp., sarcocystis cruzi, s. hirsuta, s. hominis, s. fusiformis, neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium sp., eimeria cylindrica, e. subspherica, e. bovis, e. zuernii, e. canadensis, e. ellipsoidalis, e. alabamensis, e. bukidnonensis, e. auburnensis, e. pellita, e. brasiliensis, babesia divergens), 4 trematodes species ... | 2014 | 25119348 |
| parasites and fungi as risk factors for human and animal health. | recent literature data suggests that parasitic and fungal diseases, which pose a threat to both human and animal health, remain a clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic problem. attention is increasingly paid to the role played by natural microbiota in maintaining homeostasis in humans. a particular emphasis is placed on the possibility of manipulating the human microbiota (permanent, transient, pathogenic) and macrobiota (e.g., trichuris suis) to support the treatment of selected diseases such as ... | 2015 | 26878617 |
| concomitance and interactions of pathogens in the iberian wolf (canis lupus). | with the aim of improving our understanding of their epidemiological features, exposure to or presence of canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv), leishmania infantum and sarcoptes scabiei were studied in 88 wild wolves from asturias (northern spain) by means of long-term (2004-2010) serological and molecular data. individual and population factors and the possible interactions between them were also statistically analyzed for better understanding the contact/presence of studied pa ... | 2015 | 26267084 |
| more bark than bite: comparative studies are needed to determine the importance of canine zoonoses in aboriginal communities. a critical review of published research. | the objective of this review was to identify and critique over forty years of peer-reviewed literature concerned with the transmission of canine zoonoses to aboriginal people and determine the zoonotic organisms documented in dogs in australian aboriginal communities. a systematic literature search of public health, medical and veterinary databases identified 19 articles suitable for critical appraisal. thirteen articles documented the occurrence of recognized zoonotic organisms in dogs in abori ... | 2017 | 28342271 |
| parasitic infections based on 320 clinical samples submitted to hanyang university, korea (2004-2011). | we analyzed 320 clinical samples of parasitic infections submitted to the department of environmental biology and medical parasitology, hanyang university from january 2004 to june 2011. they consisted of 211 nematode infections, 64 trematode or cestode infections, 32 protozoan infections, and 13 infections with arthropods. the nematode infections included 67 cases of trichuriasis, 62 of anisakiasis (anisakis sp. and pseudoterranova decipiens), 40 of enterobiasis, and 24 of ascariasis, as well a ... | 2014 | 24850969 |
| characterization of sarcoptes scabiei cofilin gene and assessment of recombinant cofilin protein as an antigen in indirect-elisa for diagnosis. | scabies impairs the health of humans and animals and causes heavy economic losses. traditional diagnostic methods for scabies are inefficient and ineffective, and so far there is no commercial immunodiagnostic or molecular based test for scabies. | 2016 | 26801761 |
| evaluation of an elisa using recombinant ssλ20δb3 antigen for the serological diagnosis of sarcoptes scabiei infestation in domestic and wild rabbits. | an elisa, based on the sarcoptes scabiei ssλ20δb3 inmunodominant antigen, was evaluated for the detection of antibodies to s. scabiei in experimentally infested (n=10), farm (n=109), and wild (n=78) rabbit sera. the s. scabiei antigen ssλ20δb3, a major structural protein present over the entire mite's body, was produced as a recombinant protein in escherichia coli and purified for its use in the elisa. the resulting elisa showed, in experimentally infested domestic rabbits, detectable specific a ... | 2015 | 26276579 |
| crusted scabies-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. | despite the widely accepted association between crusted scabies and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infection, crusted scabies has not been included in the spectrum of infections associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in hiv-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy. | 2012 | 23181485 |
| porcine ear necrosis syndrome: a preliminary investigation of putative infectious agents in piglets and mycotoxins in feed. | the aim of this study was to identify the causative factors of porcine ear necrosis syndrome (pens) in 72 pigs, 5.5-10 weeks in age housed on nine farms. biopsy samples of ear pinnae were collected from all piglets for bacteriology, histopathology and in situ hybridization for porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2). at the same time, serum samples were taken for serological analysis and viral pcr, and feed was sampled for mycotoxin analysis. the initial lesion of pens seemed to be a focal epidermal ne ... | 2012 | 22784419 |
| variable performance of a human derived sarcoptes scabiei recombinant antigen elisa in swine mange diagnosis. | the performance of an indirect elisa test based on sarcoptes scabiei var hominis recombinant antigen ssλ20δb3 (rec-elisa), to diagnose pig mange was investigated in 15 experimentally infected and non-infected pigs and 692 commercial pigs from 16 herds in southeast spain. these latter animals included 6-7 month old fatteners (13 herds), 11-12 month old replacement sows (1 herd) and ≥24 month old breeding sows (7 herds). all pigs were examined for mites in ear skin scrapings and the presence of s. ... | 2013 | 23683576 |
| experimental infection of wild-caught european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) with sarcoptes scabiei from a naturally infected wild rabbit. | scabies was recently reported for the first time in the european wild rabbit, oryctolagus cuniculus (lagomorpha: leporidae). we experimentally exposed 10 seronegative wild-caught rabbits to skin from a mangy wild rabbit. serological, physiological, parasitological and histopathological changes were recorded. three rabbits developed antibodies at 2-5 weeks post-infection (w.p.i.), two of which then developed lesions at 7 w.p.i. one of these had a small area of alopecia on the hind limb that heale ... | 2013 | 22958077 |
| genomic resources and draft assemblies of the human and porcine varieties of scabies mites, sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis and var. suis. | the scabies mite, sarcoptes scabiei, is a parasitic arachnid and cause of the infectious skin disease scabies in humans and mange in other animal species. scabies infections are a major health problem, particularly in remote indigenous communities in australia, where secondary group a streptococcal and staphylococcus aureus infections of scabies sores are thought to drive the high rate of rheumatic heart disease and chronic kidney disease. | 2016 | 27250856 |
| [severe crusted scabies: a "historic" case involving the death of a 52-year-old patient]. | crusted scabies, also known as norwegian scabies, is a rare and extremely debilitating form of sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis infestation that generally occurs in immunosuppressed patients. herein, we report a "historic" and fatal case. | 2016 | 26969477 |
| mitochondrial genome sequence of the scabies mite provides insight into the genetic diversity of individual scabies infections. | the scabies mite, sarcoptes scabiei, is an obligate parasite of the skin that infects humans and other animal species, causing scabies, a contagious disease characterized by extreme itching. scabies infections are a major health problem, particularly in remote indigenous communities in australia, where co-infection of epidermal scabies lesions by group a streptococci or staphylococcus aureus is thought to be responsible for the high rate of rheumatic heart disease and chronic kidney disease. we ... | 2016 | 26872064 |
| parasitic scabies mites and associated bacteria joining forces against host complement defence. | scabies is a ubiquitous and contagious skin disease caused by the parasitic mite sarcoptes scabiei epidemiological studies have identified scabies as a causative agent for secondary skin infections caused by staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes. this is an important notion, as such bacterial infections can lead to serious downstream life-threatening complications. as the complement system is the first line of host defence that confronts invading pathogens, both the mite and bacteria ... | 2014 | 25081184 |
| a scabies mite serpin interferes with complement-mediated neutrophil functions and promotes staphylococcal growth. | scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by the parasitic mite sarcoptes scabiei. the disease is highly prevalent worldwide and known to predispose to secondary bacterial infections, in particular by streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus. reports of scabies patients co-infected with methicillin resistant s. aureus (mrsa) pose a major concern for serious down-stream complications. we previously reported that a range of complement inhibitors secreted by the mites promoted the growth ... | 2014 | 24945501 |
| scabies: important clinical consequences explained by new molecular studies. | in 2004, we reviewed the status of disease caused by the scabies mite sarcoptes scabiei at the time and pointed out that very little basic research had ever been done. the reason for this was largely the lack of availability of mites for experimental purposes and, to a degree, a consequent lack of understanding of its importance, resulting in the trivial name 'itch mite'. scabies is responsible for major morbidity in disadvantaged communities and immunocompromised patients worldwide. in addition ... | 2012 | 22726646 |
| complement inhibition by sarcoptes scabiei protects streptococcus pyogenes - an in vitro study to unravel the molecular mechanisms behind the poorly understood predilection of s. pyogenes to infect mite-induced skin lesions. | on a global scale scabies is one of the most common dermatological conditions, imposing a considerable economic burden on individuals, communities and health systems. there is substantial epidemiological evidence that in tropical regions scabies is often causing pyoderma and subsequently serious illness due to invasion by opportunistic bacteria. the health burden due to complicated scabies causing cellulitis, bacteraemia and sepsis, heart and kidney diseases in resource-poor communities is extre ... | 2017 | 28278252 |
| potential application of serological tests on fluids from carcasses: detection of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and sarcoptes scabiei in red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | serological surveys for disease investigation of wild animal populations require obtaining blood samples for analysis, which has logistic, ethic and economic difficulties. applying serological test to fluids collected from dead animals is an alternative. the aim of this study was to assess if antibodies could be detected in two types of fluids collected from 56 carcasses of red foxes (vulpes vulpes): pleural fluid and lung extract. | 2012 | 22380986 |
| acaricidal activity of 9-oxo-10,11-dehydroageraphorone extracted from eupatorium adenophorum in vitro. | the acaricidal activity of the 9-oxo-10,11-dehydroageraphorone (euptox a), a cadenine sesquiterpene from eupatorium adenophorum (e. adenophorum) against sarcoptes scabiei and psoroptes cuniculi was tested in vitro. a complementary log-log (cll) model was used to analyze the data of the toxicity tests in vitro. the results showed euptox a had strong toxicity against mites, killing all s. scabiei at 3 and 4 mg/ml (m/v) concentration, while 4 mg/ml euptox a was also found to kill all p. cuniculi wi ... | 2014 | 24631419 |
| clinical efficacy of botanical extracts from eupatorium adenophorum against the sarcoptes scabiei (sarcoptidae: sarcoptes) in rabbits. | the aims of present study were to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of extracts from eupatorium adenophorum against sarcoptes scabiei. a 30-day experiment was performed using new zealand rabbits that were naturally infested with s. scabiei in the toes (n=30) or artificially infected in the external ear margin with s. scabiei (n=30). rabbits were randomly divided into five groups (6 animals per group, a-e groups for rabbits of naturally infested and f-j groups for artificially infected rabbits), ... | 2013 | 23518619 |
| acaricidal properties of an ailanthus altissima bark extract against psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi in vitro. | the potential acaricidal properties of an ailanthus altissima bark extract were assessed against two common species of animal ectoparasitic mites, psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi, in vitro. a. altissima bark extract was obtained by ethanol thermal circumfluence and tested at four concentrations (1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 g/ml) on mites collected from rabbits. compared to the fenvalerate treatment group, the a. altissima bark exhibited significant acaricidal properties for b ... | 2014 | 24052400 |
| transcriptomics and proteomic studies reveal acaricidal mechanism of octadecanoic acid-3, 4 - tetrahydrofuran diester against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi. | in our previous study, a new compound, octadecanoic acid-3, 4-tetrahydrofuran diester, possessing potent acaricidal activity was obtained from neem oil. this study performed rna-seq transcriptomics and itraq proteomics to uncover the acaricidal mechanism of the compound against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi. the results of transcriptomics indicated that after treatment with octadecanoic acid-3, 4-tetrahydrofuran diester, genes related to "energy metabolism" were significantly up-/down-regulate ... | 2017 | 28361965 |
| studies on the acaricidal mechanism of the active components from neem (azadirachta indica) oil against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi. | octadecanoic acid-3,4-tetrahydrofuran diester, isolated from neem (azadirachta indica) oil, exhibited potent acaricidal activity against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi. in this paper, the acaricidal mechanism of octadecanoic acid-3,4-tetrahydrofuran diester against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi was evaluated based on pathologic histology and enzyme activities. the results showed that after compound treatment for 24h at a concentration of 20mg/ml, the lesions of mites were prominent under tran ... | 2014 | 24974121 |
| the acaricidal efficacy of aqueous neem extract and ivermectin against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi in experimentally infested rabbits. | sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi is one of the most important veterinary ectoparasites in rabbits and results in considerable loss of weight, productivity, and wool quality. the acaricidal activity of aqueous leaf extract of neem (can) and ivermectin (ivr) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo against s. scabiei var. cuniculi. rabbits were classified into four groups (ten rabbits each). the first group (group 1) was designated as the negative control group. each rabbit of the other groups was exper ... | 2013 | 23572045 |
| acaricidal activity of petroleum ether extract of neem (azadirachta indica) oil and its four fractions separated by column chromatography against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi larvae in vitro. | the petroleum ether extract of neem oil and its four fractions separated by column chromatography was diluted at different concentrations with liquid paraffin. the acaricidal bioassay was conducted using a dipping method. the results indicated that the median lethal concentration (lc50) of the petroleum ether extract (at the concentration of 500.0ml/l) was 70.9ml/l, 24h after treatment. at concentrations of 500.0, 250.0, 125.0, 62.5 and 31.2ml/l, the median lethal times (lt50) of the petroleum e ... | 2012 | 22349080 |
| treatment and control of bovine sarcoptic and psoroptic mange infestation with ivermectin long-acting injectable (ivomec(®) gold). | the efficacy of ivermectin long-acting injection (ivm lai, ivomec® gold, merial; 3.15 % ivermectin w/v) formulation was evaluated in cattle with induced sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis or psoroptes ovis infestations. a total of 64 cattle were included in this series of four studies, with 16 animals per study. approximately, 8 weeks following initial induced mite infestation, cattle were allocated to treatment groups based on decreasing pre-treatment bodyweights. treatments (saline (control) or ivm ... | 2015 | 25399813 |
| preliminary molecular characterizations of sarcoptes scaibiei (acari: sarcoptidae) from farm animals in egypt. | little is known about the genetic diversity of sarcoptes scabiei mites in farm animals in egypt. in this study, we characterized s. scabiei in 25 skin scrapes from water buffalo, cattle, sheep, and rabbits at the nuclear marker its2 and mitochondrial markers cox1 and 16s rrna. sequences of the its2 showed no host segregation or geographical isolation, whereas those of the mitochondrial cox1 and 16s rrna genes indicated the presence of both host-adapted and geographically segregated populations o ... | 2014 | 24728386 |
| the treatment of bovine sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis) using eprinomectin extended-release injection. | the efficacy of eprinomectin in an extended-release injection (eri) formulation was evaluated in cattle harbouring induced infestations of sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis (sarcoptic mange) in three studies conducted in germany (two studies) and austria (one study). a total of 44 cattle were included in the studies, 12 in one study and 16 in each of the other two studies. approximately eight weeks following initial induced infestation, cattle in each study were formed into replicates of two animals ... | 2013 | 23273586 |
| sarcoptic mange and cheetah conservation in masai mara (kenya): epidemiological study in a wildlife/livestock system. | the sanitary control of threatened wild animals is of pivotal interest for their conservation. this task, however, is highly complex in wildlife/livestock systems. in this paper we report findings from a 2-year cross-sectional study of the epidemiology and attempted control of a sarcoptes mite infestation in the threatened cheetah population in masai mara (kenya), and discuss its interaction with sympatric wild (lion, wildebeest and thomson's gazelle) and domestic (dog, cattle and sheep) animals ... | 2012 | 23036718 |
| use of remote cameras to monitor the potential prevalence of sarcoptic mange in southern texas, usa. | sarcoptic mange, caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei , is a common, highly contagious skin disease that has been reported from more than 100 species of mammals, including humans. our objectives were to 1) determine the prevalence of sarcoptic mange within mammals from southern texas, and 2) determine the efficacy of using remote cameras to estimate mange prevalence. we collected remote camera photographs from a 64-km(2) area and blood and skin scrapings from 166 mammals representing 12 species ... | 2017 | 28135133 |
| first detection of sarcoptes scabiei from domesticated pig (sus scrofa) and genetic characterization of s. scabiei from pet, farm and wild hosts in israel. | in this report we describe for the first time the detection of sarcoptes scabiei type suis mites on domestic pigs in israel and examine its genetic variation compared with s. sabiei from other hosts. microscopic examination of skin samples from s. scabiei-infested pigs (sus scrofa domesticus) revealed all developmental stages of s. scabiei. to detect genetic differences between s. scabiei from different hosts, samples obtained from pig, rabbits (orictolagus cuniculus), fox (vulpes vulpes), jacka ... | 2015 | 26002310 |
| energetic costs of mange in wolves estimated from infrared thermography. | parasites, by definition, extract energy from their hosts and thus affect trophic and food web dynamics even when the parasite may have limited effects on host population size. we studied the energetic costs of mange (sarcoptes scabiei) in wolves (canis lupus) using thermal cameras to estimate heat losses associated with compromised insulation during the winter. we combined the field data of known, naturally infected wolves with a data set on captive wolves with shaved patches of fur as a positi ... | 2016 | 27859195 |
| sarcoptic mange in the scandinavian wolf canis lupus population. | sarcoptic mange, a parasitic disease caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei, is regularly reported on wolves canis lupus in scandinavia. we describe the distribution and transmission of this parasite within the small but recovering wolf population by analysing 269 necropsy reports and performing a serological survey on 198 serum samples collected from free-ranging wolves between 1998 and 2013. | 2016 | 27459965 |
| coexistence of two different genotypes of sarcoptes scabiei derived from companion dogs and wild raccoon dogs in gifu, japan: the genetic evidence for transmission between domestic and wild canids. | sarcoptes scabiei is the causal agent of sarcoptic mange in domestic/companion dogs (canis lupus familiaris) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). although there have been successful cases of experimental transmission of s. scabiei from mangy wild canidae hosts to healthy dogs, and suspected cases of transmission between raccoon dogs and companion dogs, no clear-cut evidence has been obtained. in the present study, the genetic relationships between sarcoptes mites from raccoon dogs and co ... | 2015 | 26165631 |
| social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore. | infection risk is assumed to increase with social group size, and thus be a cost of group living. we assess infection risk and costs with respect to group size using data from an epidemic of sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei) among grey wolves (canis lupus). we demonstrate that group size does not predict infection risk and that individual costs of infection, in terms of reduced survival, can be entirely offset by having sufficient numbers of pack-mates. infected individuals experience increase ... | 2015 | 25983011 |
| involvement of two genetic lineages of sarcoptes scabiei mites in a local mange epizootic of wild mammals in japan. | similar to wild mammals on the continents, mange caused by the mange mite, sarcoptes scabiei (acari: sarcoptidae) is spreading in wild mammals in most of japan. we collected crusted or alopetic skin from 120 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus), three raccoons (procyon lotor), six japanese badgers (meles anakuma), one japanese marten (martes melampus), one stray dog (canis lupus familiaris), four wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax), and one japanese serow (capricornis crispus), mai ... | 2015 | 25397999 |
| genetic epidemiology of sarcoptes scabiei in the iberian wolf in asturias, spain. | during the last decades, attempts have been made to understand the molecular epidemiology of sarcoptes scabiei, and to detect and clarify the differences between isolates from different hosts and geographic regions. two main phenomena have been described: (i) host-taxon derived-sarcoptes mite infection in european wild animals (revealing the presence of three separate clusters, namely herbivore-, carnivore- and omnivore-derived sarcoptes populations in europe) and (ii) prey-to-predator sarcoptes ... | 2013 | 23664709 |
| parasite invasion following host reintroduction: a case study of yellowstone's wolves. | wildlife reintroductions select or treat individuals for good health with the expectation that these individuals will fare better than infected animals. however, these individuals, new to their environment, may also be particularly susceptible to circulating infections and this may result in high morbidity and mortality, potentially jeopardizing the goals of recovery. here, using the reintroduction of the grey wolf (canis lupus) into yellowstone national park as a case study, we address the ques ... | 2012 | 22966139 |
| interferences on microbial inhibitor tests related to ivermectin treatment in lactating dairy goats. | this research communication reports interferences related to the administration of ivermectin in lactating dairy goats on the response of microbial tests for screening antibiotics in milk. twenty-eight murciano-granadina goats, naturally infested with sarcoptes scabiei var. caprae, were treated with a subcutaneous injection of ivermectin (200 µg/kg b.w.). to prevent re-infestation, a second dose was applied 7 d later. individual milk samples were collected, daily, up to 15 d post-treatment. milk ... | 2016 | 27600969 |
| therapeutic management of sarcoptic mange in a sheep flock. | sarcoptic mange infested sheep showed pruritis, excoriation, crusts, lichenification and secondary alopecia on face and ears. all the infested sheep were treated successfully with ivermectin at 200 μg/kg body weight and complete recovery of skin was observed between 10th and 14th day post treatments. sarcoptic mange is highly contagious and the spread of sarcoptes scabiei is usually by close contact but in goats not same because it has natural resistance against sheep mange. | 2013 | 24431584 |
| evaluation of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for sarcoptic mange diagnosis and assessment in the iberian ibex, capra pyrenaica. | sarcoptic mange is a contagious skin disease caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei, affecting different mammalian species worldwide including the iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica), in which mortalities over 90 % of the population have been reported. no efficient diagnostic methods are available for this disease, particularly when there are low mite numbers and mild or no clinical signs. in this study, three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) developed for dog (elisa a), cantabrian chamois (r ... | 2016 | 27769278 |
| sex-biased severity of sarcoptic mange at the same biological cost in a sexually dimorphic ungulate. | in sexually dimorphic species, male susceptibility to parasite infection and mortality is frequently higher than in females. the iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) is a sexually dimorphic mountain ungulate endemic to the iberian peninsula commonly affected by sarcoptic mange, a chronic catabolic skin disease caused by sarcoptes scabiei. since 1992, sarcoptic mange affects the iberian ibex population of the sierra nevada natural space (snns). this study aims at exploring whether mange severity, in te ... | 2015 | 26555065 |
| sarcoptic mange breaks up bottom-up regulation of body condition in a large herbivore population. | both parasitic load and resource availability can impact individual fitness, yet little is known about the interplay between these parameters in shaping body condition, a key determinant of fitness in wild mammals inhabiting seasonal environments. | 2015 | 26546209 |
| acute phase proteins increase with sarcoptic mange status and severity in iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica, schinz 1838). | sarcoptic mange is a contagious skin disease caused by sarcoptes scabiei, affecting both domestic and wild mammals, including the iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica), a medium-sized mountain ungulate almost endemic to the iberian peninsula. acute phase proteins (apps) could be an indicator of sarcoptic mange disease and severity in iberian ibex. serum samples from 131 healthy and sarcoptic mange-affected iberian ibexes were collected from 2005 to 2012 in sierra nevada natural space in southern spain. ... | 2015 | 26227139 |
| distinguishing disease effects from environmental effects in a mountain ungulate: seasonal variation in body weight, hematology, and serum chemistry among iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) affected by sarcoptic mange. | our study focuses on the iberian ibex (capra pyrenaica) from the sierra nevada natural space (southern spain), where sarcoptic mange is an endemic disease and animals are affected by a highly seasonal environment. our aim was to distinguish between disease and environmental influences on seasonal variation in body weight, hematology, and serum biochemistry in iberian ibex. we sampled 136 chemically immobilized male ibexes. the single effect of mange influenced hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpus ... | 2015 | 25380360 |
| the use of radio-collars for monitoring wildlife diseases: a case study from iberian ibex affected by sarcoptes scabiei in sierra nevada, spain. | wildlife radio tracking has gained popularity during the recent past. ecologists and conservationists use radio-collars for different purposes: animal movement monitoring, home range, productivity, population estimation, behaviour, habitat use, survival, and predator-prey interaction, among others. the aim of our present study is to highlight the application of radio-collars for wildlife diseases monitoring. the spread of wildlife diseases and the efficacy of management actions for controlling t ... | 2013 | 23965311 |
| participatory epidemiology to assess sarcoptic mange in serow of taiwan. | we used participatory epidemiology (pe) in remote areas to understand the observed distribution and prevalence of infestation by sarcoptic mange mites (sarcoptes scabiei) on wild formosan serow (capricornis swinhoei) in taiwan. a semistructured interview protocol was used for 37 interviews during june-december 2008. serow with skin lesions consistent with sarcoptic mange were reported within a latitudinal range of approximately 24°00'n to 22°40'n on the central mountain range of taiwan. the obse ... | 2012 | 23060488 |
| in vitro and in vivo effect of citrus limon essential oil against sarcoptic mange in rabbits. | the effect of lemon oil (citrus limon) on sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. the mite samples were collected from naturally infected rabbits. the lemon oil was prepared in six concentrations by dilution with distilled water (2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 %). in vitro application was done in five replicates for each concentration in petri dishes in the laboratory. the treated mites were observed at 1, 12, and 24 h post application (pa) for lemon oil effect. in addit ... | 2016 | 27098160 |