| relapsing melioidosis as cause of iliac mycotic aneurysm: an indigenous case in taiwan. | melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, an aerobic gram-negative bacillus, is normally transmitted through skin wounds and contact with infected human beings and animals. its primary source is rice paddy soil and stagnant water. melioidosis manifesting as an arterial mycotic aneurysm is rare, and, to our knowledge, infected true and false aneurysms of the iliac artery have never been reported. we report the case of a patient without contact with the normal sources ... | 2003 | 12663992 |
| automated identification systems and burkholderia pseudomallei. | | 2003 | 12682195 |
| a transposase-like gene isolated from burkholderia pseudomallei by ddrt-pcr technique. | | 2003 | 12682867 |
| structural and functional cellular changes induced by burkholderia pseudomallei rhamnolipid. | in this study we report that extracellular burkholderia pseudomallei rhamnolipid induced cytopathic changes characterized by retraction, rounding up, and, finally, detachment in phagocytic and nonphagocytic cell lines. these changes were due to a progressive reorganization of the f-actin network resulting in impaired cell cycle progression and a reduced phagocytic function of macrophages. | 2003 | 12704181 |
| [melioidosis]. | | 2003 | 12722256 |
| regulation of the katg-dpsa operon and the importance of katg in survival of burkholderia pseudomallei exposed to oxidative stress. | homologues of the catalase-peroxidase gene katg and the gene for the non-specific dna binding protein dpsa were identified downstream of oxyr in burkholderia pseudomallei. northern experiments revealed that both katg and dpsa are co-transcribed during oxidative stress. under conditions where the katg promoter is not highly induced, dpsa is transcribed from a second promoter located within the katg-dpsa intergenic region. a katg insertion mutant was found to be hypersensitive to various oxidants. ... | 2003 | 12729890 |
| multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei. | a collection of 147 isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei, b. mallei, and b. thailandensis was characterized by multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the 128 isolates of b. pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, were obtained from diverse geographic locations, from humans and animals with disease, and from the environment and were resolved into 71 sequence types. the utility of the mlst scheme for epidemiological investigations was established by analyzing isolates from captive marine ma ... | 2003 | 12734250 |
| recombinant truncated flagellin of burkholderia pseudomallei as a molecular probe for diagnosis of melioidosis. | current serological tests for melioidosis, using impure or uncharacterized cell antigens from burkholderia pseudomallei, have problems in detection sensitivity and specificity. therefore, we designed and expressed the recombinant flagellin (truncated at both the n- and c-terminal ends), and used the antigen to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to diagnose melioidosis. comparison of the immunoreactivities of the full-length and truncated flagellins reveals that the tru ... | 2003 | 12738642 |
| crystal structure of the potassium channel kirbac1.1 in the closed state. | the kirbac1.1 channel belongs to the inward-rectifier family of potassium channels. here we report the structure of the entire prokaryotic kir channel assembly, in the closed state, refined to a resolution of 3.65 angstroms. we identify the main activation gate and structural elements involved in gating. on the basis of structural evidence presented here, we suggest that gating involves coupling between the intracellular and membrane domains. this further suggests that initiation of gating by me ... | 2003 | 12738871 |
| seroprevalence of melioidosis in dairy cattle in chiang mai province, northern thailand. | the seroprevalence of melioidosis in dairy cattle in chiang mai province was investigated using of the indirect hemagglutination antibody (iha) method. two hundred and fifty-three samples were tested for serum antibodies to burkholderia pseudomallei. the samples were from a total population of 8,688 dairy cattle in the province; random sampling, stratified by the location of cattle, was used. the seroprevalence was determined as 2% at 1:40 cut-off value, which was estimated to equate to 0.3% to ... | 2002 | 12757220 |
| involvement of beta interferon in enhancing inducible nitric oxide synthase production and antimicrobial activity of burkholderia pseudomallei-infected macrophages. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a life-threatening disease that affects both humans and animals. this bacterium is able to survive and multiply inside both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. we recently reported that mouse macrophages infected with b. pseudomallei fail to produce a significant level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), a crucial enzyme needed for the cells to control the intracellular growth of this bacterium. in the present study, we exte ... | 2003 | 12761082 |
| melioidosis. | melioidosis, which is infection with the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, is an important cause of sepsis in east asia and northern australia. in northeastern thailand, melioidosis accounts for 20% of all community-acquired septicaemias, and causes death in 40% of treated patients. b pseudomallei is an environmental saprophyte found in wet soils. it mostly infects adults with an underlying predisposing condition, mainly diabetes mellitus. melioidosis is characterised by formati ... | 2003 | 12767750 |
| actin-based motility of burkholderia pseudomallei involves the arp 2/3 complex, but not n-wasp and ena/vasp proteins. | the facultative intracellular bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei induces actin rearrangement within infected host cells leading to formation of actin tails and membrane protrusions. to investigate the underlying mechanism we analysed the contribution of cytoskeletal proteins to b. pseudomallei-induced actin tail assembly. by using green fluorescent protein (gfp)-fusion constructs, the recruitment of the arp2/3 complex, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (vasp), neural wiskott-aldrich syndrom ... | 2003 | 12780776 |
| melioidotic septic arthritis and its risk factors. | melioidotic septic arthritis is an infection caused by the gram-negative bacillus burkholderia pseudomallei. it is commonly found in northeast thailand. the goal of our study was to identify specific characteristics of patients with melioidotic septic arthritis by comparing them with patients with non-melioidotic septic arthritis and to describe the results of treatment of melioidotic septic arthritis. | 2003 | 12784002 |
| effects of soil ph, temperature and water content on the growth of burkholderia pseudomallei. | optimum conditions were determined for the growth of burkholderia pseudomallei in natural soils or waters. it grows better in paddy soil, crop-covered and fallow field than in fresh and salty water. although the optimal temperature and ph for the growth were 37 or 42 degrees c, and 6.5 or 7.5 in an environmental-mimicking soil medium, this bacterium can still grow at 4 degrees c, which was suggested to be related with the occurrence of melioidosis in some cold areas. in soil media with water con ... | 2003 | 12800512 |
| disseminated septicaemic melioidosis: an unusual presentation of masticator space infection. | melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by a saprophytic bacterium, burkholderia pseudomallei. it is endemic to southeast asia and northern australia. the spectrum of melioidosis in humans varies from sub-clinical to overwhelming protean manifestations resembling other acute and chronic bacterial infections. disseminated septicaemia melioidosis presenting as a masticator space infection is reported here. this is germane to those treating diabetic patients with deep neck infections living in, ... | 2003 | 12803798 |
| dna-dna hybridization study of burkholderia species using genomic dna macro-array analysis coupled to reverse genome probing. | the present study was aimed at simplifying procedures to delineate species and identify isolates based on dna-dna reassociation. dna macro-arrays harbouring genomic dna of reference strains of several burkholderia species were produced. labelled genomic dna, hybridized to such an array, allowed multiple relative pairwise comparisons. based on the relative dna-dna relatedness values, a complete data matrix was constructed and the ability of the method to discriminate strains belonging to differen ... | 2003 | 12807195 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei class a beta-lactamase mutations that confer selective resistance against ceftazidime or clavulanic acid inhibition. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is inherently resistant to a variety of antibiotics including aminoglycosides, macrolides, polymyxins, and beta-lactam antibiotics. despite resistance to many beta-lactams, ceftazidime and beta-lactamase inhibitor-beta-lactam combinations are commonly used for treatment of melioidosis. here, we examine the enzyme kinetics of beta-lactamase isolated from mutants resistant to ceftazidime and clavulanic acid inhibition and describe spec ... | 2003 | 12821450 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei mycotic aneurysm. | | 2003 | 12823682 |
| characterization of the catalase-peroxidase katg from burkholderia pseudomallei by mass spectrometry. | the electron density maps of the catalase-peroxidase from burkholderia pseudomallei (bpkatg) presented two unusual covalent modifications. a covalent structure linked the active site trp111 with tyr238 and tyr238 with met264, and the heme was modified, likely by a perhydroxy group added to the vinyl group on ring i. mass spectrometry analysis of tryptic digests of bpkatg revealed a cluster of ions at m/z 6585, consistent with the fusion of three peptides through trp111, tyr238, and met264, and a ... | 2003 | 12832453 |
| novel selective medium for isolation of burkholderia pseudomallei. | isolation of burkholderia pseudomallei currently relies on the use of ashdown's selective agar (asa). we designed a new selective agar (burkholderia pseudomallei selective agar [bpsa]) to improve recovery of the more easily inhibited strains of b. pseudomallei. b. pseudomallei, burkholderia cepacia, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were used to determine the selectivity and sensitivity of bpsa. bpsa was more inhibitory to p. aeruginosa and b. cepacia and should make recognition of burkholderia species ... | 2003 | 12843080 |
| splenic abscess: clinical features, microbiologic finding, treatment and outcome. | splenic abscess is a rare clinical entity but may be underreported. a retrospective study at srinagarind hospital revealed 60 cases of splenic abscess between 1992 and 2001. the causative organisms were identified in 41 cases (68.3%). gram negative bacilli were commonly isolated and burkholderia pseudomallei was the most predominant. diabetes mellitus and leukemia were common underlying diseases found in 46.3 per cent and 9.7 per cent of culture confirmed cases, respectively. the patients usuall ... | 2003 | 12859100 |
| [effect of cultivation temperature on the extrachromosomal hereditary factors of the causative agent of melioidosis]. | the cultivation temperature of burkholderia pseudomallei has been shown to determine both the direction of morphological dissociation and the prophage induction rate. inheriting plasmid replicons was found to depend on the temperature conditions during the growth of these bacteria. no influence of b. pseudomallei plasmids ppm1 and pcm2 on the lysogenic state of the bacterial cell and the formation of different b. pseudomallei variants was noted. | 2003 | 12886599 |
| g-csf immunotherapy for treatment of acute disseminated murine melioidosis. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is an important pathogen in tropical regions of australia and southeast asia. antibiotic therapy can be ineffective in patients with acute septicaemic melioidosis. it has been proposed that adjunctive immunotherapy using granulocyte colony stimulating factor (g-csf) combined with antibiotics may provide an alternative approach to antibiotics alone. we have developed a murine model for melioidosis that allows novel treatment approache ... | 2003 | 12892898 |
| a burkholderia pseudomallei type iii secreted protein, bope, facilitates bacterial invasion of epithelial cells and exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity. | we report the characterization of bope, a type iii secreted protein that is encoded adjacent to the burkholderia pseudomallei bsa locus and is homologous to salmonella enterica sope/sope2. inactivation of bope impaired bacterial entry into hela cells, indicating that bope facilitates invasion. consistent with this notion, bope expressed in eukaryotic cells induced rearrangements in the subcortical actin cytoskeleton, and purified bope exhibited guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity for cdc ... | 2003 | 12897019 |
| melioidosis vaccines. | melioidosis is a disease caused by the facultative intracellular pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei iand is associated with a high mortality rate. melioidosis is endemic in the tropics of southeast asia and northern australia and is of worldwide concern, particularly as it is a potential agent of bioterrorism or biological warfare. also of concern is the lack of a fully effective antibiotic regime, as cases of bacteremia have unacceptably high mortality rates and relapse of melioidosis is common ... | 2002 | 12901586 |
| seronegative bacteremic melioidosis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei with ambiguous biochemical profile: clinical importance of accurate identification by 16s rrna gene and groel gene sequencing. | an aerobic gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the blood and sputum of an 84-year-old, chair-bound nursing home resident with acute bacteremic pneumonia. although the phenotypic characteristics suggested that the bacterium could be burkholderia pseudomallei, the vitek 1 system (gni+), which can successfully identify 99% of b. pseudomallei strains, showed that the bacterium was "unidentified." immunoglobulin g against the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of b. pseudomallei, as detected by an lps-ba ... | 2003 | 12904433 |
| an extracellular zinc metalloprotease gene of burkholderia cepacia. | burkholderia cepacia produces at least one extracellular zinc metalloprotease that may be involved in virulence. a b. cepacia zinc metalloprotease gene was cloned using a burkholderia pseudomallei zinc metalloprotease gene as a probe. the predicted amino acid sequences of these b. cepacia and a b. pseudomallei extracellular zinc metalloproteases indicate that they are similar to the thermolysin-like family of metalloproteases (m4 family of metalloendopeptidases) and they are likely to be secrete ... | 2003 | 12904566 |
| managing sars. | | 2003 | 12917310 |
| melioidosis in northern australia, 2001-02. | melioidosis, caused by the gram negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in northern australia. using data collated from centres in western australia, the northern territory and queensland, this report describes the epidemiology of this disease between 1 november, 2001 and 31 october, 2002. there were 47 cases seen during this period with an average annual incidence of 5.8 cases per 100,000 population. in indigenous australians, an incidence of 25.5 cases per 100,000 population w ... | 2003 | 12926743 |
| [identification of the causative agents of glanders and melioidosis by polymerase chain reaction]. | burkholderia mallei and b. pseudomallei are causative agents of glanders and melioidosis, respectively, i.e. severe and fatal infection diseases of man and animal. the computer-based analysis of the 23s rrna gene sites was used for selecting the primers. two pairs of primers were chosen for the identification of b. mallei and bpseudomallei. dnas from 48 b. pseudomallei and 15 strains of b. mallei, unlike from other geterological bacteria, were positively amplified. therefore, the method of polym ... | 2003 | 12966921 |
| [an exceptional differential diagnosis: malleomyces pseudomallei and bacillus laterosporus]. | | 1952 | 12986355 |
| [the chromogenic power of malleomyces pseudomallei]. | | 1952 | 13017197 |
| [study of the biochemical properties of malleomyces pseudomallei]. | | 1953 | 13124940 |
| growth of malleomyces pseudomallei in simple chemically defined media. | | 1954 | 13143003 |
| studies on malleomyces pseudomallei isolated from melioidosis originating in the western hemisphere. | | 1954 | 13207052 |
| characteristics of a strain of malleomyces pseudomallei from chronic melioidosis. | | 1954 | 13207053 |
| enhancement of virulence of malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1956 | 13331865 |
| staining bacterial smears with fluorescent antibody. i. general methods for malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1956 | 13366928 |
| staining bacterial smears with fluorescent antibody. ii. rapid detection of varying numbers of malleomyces pseudomallei in contaminated materials and infected animals. | | 1956 | 13366929 |
| hexose oxidation by an enzyme system of malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1956 | 13366964 |
| [antigenic constitution of malleomyces pseudomallei. ii. demonstration of the existence of m, k and o antigens and study of their immunological properties]. | | 1956 | 13373066 |
| glucose catabolism in malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1957 | 13428711 |
| [antigenic structure of malleomyces pseudomallei. iii. method of extraction and early results of attempted purification of antigen k from the surface of bacteria cells]. | | 1957 | 13470458 |
| melioidosis: pathogenesis and immunity in mice and hamsters. i. studies with virulent strains of malleomyces pseudomallei. | the pathogenesis of acute respiratory melioidosis mice and hamsters is described. inhaled organisms giving rise to lesions seemed to be first engulfed by the mononuclear alveolar phagocytes, but in less than 1 day polymorphonuclear cells made their appearance. in spite of this defense reaction, the bacteria continued to multiply and their products caused focal necrosis. these foci enlarged and gave rise to septicemia, toxemia, and eventually death, which usually occurred in 3 to 10 days dependin ... | 1958 | 13481262 |
| an intracellular mortality-enhancing material from malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1958 | 13549731 |
| melioidosis: pathogenesis and immunity in mice and hamsters. ii. studies with avirulent strains of malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1958 | 13583099 |
| toxins of pseudomonas pseudomallei. i. production in vitro. | | 1958 | 13587482 |
| toxins of pseudomonas pseudomallei. ii. characterization. | | 1958 | 13587483 |
| immunization with an induced avirulent auxotrophic mutant of pseudomonas pseudomallei. | | 1958 | 13598926 |
| complement fixation test in experimental clinical and subclinical melioidosis. | nigg, clara (university of california, berkeley), and margaret m. johnston. complement fixation test in experimental clinical and subclinical melioidosis. j. bacteriol. 82:159-168. 1961.-soluble stable antigens prepared from pseudomonas pseudomallei gave 4+ complement fixation reactions in a dilution of 1 to 8,000 when tested with specific rabbit antiserum diluted 1 to 10,000. the complement fixation reaction was positive in 100% of experimentally infected rabbits 9 to 11 days postinfection. inf ... | 1961 | 13729013 |
| endotoxic properties of pseudomonas pseudomallei. | | 1961 | 13739546 |
| [serological analysis of the somatic antigen of malleomyces pseudomallei]. | | 1960 | 13809076 |
| melioidosis: pathogenesis and immunity in mice and hamsters. iii. effect of vaccination with avirulent strains of pseudomonas pseudomallei on the resistance to the establishment and the resistance to the progress of respiratory melioidosis caused by virulent strains; all-or-none aspects of this disease. | | 1960 | 13814030 |
| effect of pseudomonas pseudomallei endotoxin on response to cholinergic stimuli in the rabbit. | | 1963 | 14073138 |
| toxic lysolipoid: isolation from pseudomonas pseudomallei. | a lipoid of low molecular weight, isolated from the supernatant fluid of cultures of pseudomonas pseudomallei, killed mice, but not rabbits, in doses comparable to those of the homologous lipopolysaccharide and also lysed sheep erythrocytes. in rabbits this lipoid failed to elicit primary dermal lesions, to prepare the skin for the local schwartzman reaction, or to induce antibody formation. | 1964 | 14191702 |
| induction and mechanisms of arsenite resistance in pseudomonas pseudomallei. | arima, kei (university of tokyo, tokyo, japan), and michiko beppu. induction and mechanisms of arsenite resistance in pseudomonas pseudomallei. j. bacteriol. 88:143-150. 1964.-pseudomonas pseudomallei strain 54, able to grow in the presence of 2 x 10(-2)m arsenite, was isolated from soil. after a short lag period, it grew at a normal growth rate. in the organisms grown with 10(-2)m arsenite, oxidation of alpha-ketoglutarate and other substrates proceeded in the presence of the same concentration ... | 1964 | 14197879 |
| decreased permeability as the mechanism of arsenite resistance in pseudomonas pseudomallei. | beppu, michiko (university of tokyo, tokyo, japan), and kei arima. decreased permeability as the mechanism of arsenite resistance in pseudomonas pseudomallei. j. bacteriol. 88:151-157. 1964.-the mechanism of arsenite resistance of pseudomonas pseudomallei strain 54, isolated from soil, was studied by use of radioactive arsenite. arsenite resistance was found to be related to decreased permeation of arsenite into the cells. p. pseudomallei 54 cells can accumulate arsenite, but the organisms grown ... | 1964 | 14197880 |
| differentiation of exotoxin and other biologically active substances in pseudomonas pseudomallei filtrates. | heckly, robert j. (university of california, berkeley). differentiation of exotoxin and other biologically active substances in pseudomonas pseudomallei filtrates. j. bacteriol. 88:1730-1736. 1964.-denaturing agents such as phenol, formaldehyde, and urea reduced lethal toxicity and proteolytic activity of partially purified preparations from pseudomonas pseudomallei at about the same rate. neither toxin nor enzyme was stable at ph 11, when the solution was adjusted with sodium hydroxide, but the ... | 1964 | 14240963 |
| [the heat-stable precipitating antigen of whitmorella (=pseudomonas) pseudomallei]. | | 1965 | 14289971 |
| toxin produced by malleomyces pseudomallei. | | 1955 | 14384863 |
| mortality-enhancing polypeptide constituents from pseudomonas pseudomallei. | | 1959 | 14416256 |
| occurrence of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in pseudomonas pseudomallei. | | 1960 | 14416257 |
| [isolation in tchad (central africa of 2 strains of malleomyces pseudomallei]. | | 1960 | 14435122 |
| the effect of free chlorine on burkholderia pseudomallei in potable water. | chlorine is widely used in public water supplies to provide a disinfection barrier. the effect of chlorine disinfection on the water-borne pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei was assessed using multiple techniques. after exposure to chlorine viable bacteria were undetectable by conventional plate count techniques; however, persistence of b. pseudomallei was verified by flow cytometry and bacteria were recoverable following a simple one-step broth procedure. the minimum residual chlorine concentra ... | 2003 | 14511713 |
| melioidosis: an important cause of pneumonia in residents of and travellers returned from endemic regions. | melioidosis is endemic in south east asia, asia and northern australia. infection usually follows percutaneous inoculation or inhalation of the causative bacterium, burkholderia pseudomallei, which is present in soil and surface water in the endemic region. while 20-36% of melioidosis cases have no evident predisposing risk factor, the vast majority of fatal cases have an identified risk factor, the most important of which are diabetes, alcoholism and chronic renal disease. half of all cases pre ... | 2003 | 14516149 |
| use of 16s rrna gene sequencing for rapid identification and differentiation of burkholderia pseudomallei and b. mallei. | burkholderia pseudomallei and b. mallei, the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively, are designated category b biothreat agents. current methods for identifying these organisms rely on their phenotypic characteristics and an extensive set of biochemical reactions. we evaluated the use of 16s rrna gene sequencing to rapidly identify these two species and differentiate them from each other as well as from closely related species and genera such as pandoraea spp., ralstonia spp. ... | 2003 | 14532197 |
| cellular fatty acid profile distinguishes burkholderia pseudomallei from avirulent burkholderia thailandensis. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the cause of melioidosis, can be distinguished from the closely related but nonpathogenic burkholderia thailandensis by gas chromatography (gc) analysis of fatty acid derivatives. a 2-hydroxymyristic acid derivative (14:0 2oh) was present in 95% of b. pseudomallei isolates and no b. thailandensis isolates. gc mass spectrophotometry confirmed that 2-hydroxymyristic acid was present in b. pseudomallei. gc-fatty acid methyl ester analysis may be useful in distinguishing t ... | 2003 | 14532228 |
| detection of burkholderia pseudomallei in rice fields with pcr-based technique. | burkholderia pseudomallei ara- in rice fields was detected using pcr-based techniques with 16s rna and flagella gene primer sets. the sensitivity of these pcrs was at least 1 cfu/ml of b. pseudomallei ara- preincubated into ashdown's medium for 6 h. b. pseudomallei ara- dna from watery soil were more detectable than from dry soil. the distribution of this dna was mainly found at a depth of 300-600 mm under crop-covered fields, but not detected in the location of soil close to the land surface. t ... | 2003 | 14533484 |
| bacterial expression of the scfv fragment of a recombinant antibody specific for burkholderia pseudomallei exotoxin. | the scfv antibody towards the burkholderia pseudomallei exotoxin was previously constructed by phage display and exhibited good specificity towards the exotoxin. we report here the optimization of the scfv expression in an e. coli expression system. four different e. coli strains (er2537, tg1, hb2151, and xl1-blue) were examined for optimal expression of the scfv protein. two types of carbon source (i.e. 0.2% glucose and 0.2% glycerol) were also tested for their ability to induce the scfv expres ... | 2003 | 14536033 |
| localized melioidosis. | | 2003 | 14558747 |
| functional reconstitution, gene isolation and topology modelling of porins from burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia thailandensis. | the sequences for omp38 from burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia thailandensis have been deposited in the ddbj, embl, genbank(r) and gsdb nucleotide sequence databases under the accession numbers ay312416 and ay312417 respectively. the intracellular pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of tropical melioidosis, and burkholderia thailandensis is a closely-related gram-negative bacterium that does not cause serious disease. like other bacteria, the major outer membrane ( ... | 2004 | 14567756 |
| septicaemic melioidosis in a tertiary care hospital in south india. | melioidosis and the causative organism burkholderia pseudomallei are being recognized gradually in various centres in india. in the septicaemic form, melioidosis is a serious and life threatening condition which requires early detection and specific treatment to avoid case fatality. a review of patients with septicaemic melioidosis at a tertiary care hospital in south india was carried out with a view to define the clinical features, predisposing conditions, if any, and the outcome. | 2003 | 14575177 |
| a case of nonfatal cutaneous melioidosis. | melioidosis is a tropical infectious disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei. it is endemic in many parts of the world, including southeast asia, and has a mortality rate of about 45%. we report a case of localized nonfatal cutaneous melioidosis presenting as a persistent ulcer in an otherwise healthy young woman. | 2003 | 14604083 |
| compensatory increase in ahpc gene expression and its role in protecting burkholderia pseudomallei against reactive nitrogen intermediates. | in the human pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei, katg encodes the antioxidant defense enzyme catalase-peroxidase. interestingly, a b. pseudomallei mutant, disrupted in katg, is hyperresistant to organic hydroperoxide. this hyperresistance is due to the compensatory expression of the alkyl hydroperoxide reductase gene ( ahpc) and depends on a global regulator oxyr. the katg-deficient mutant is also highly resistant to reactive nitrogen intermediates (rni). when overproduced, the b. pseudomallei a ... | 2003 | 14614594 |
| role of the stationary growth phase sigma factor rpos of burkholderia pseudomallei in response to physiological stress conditions. | the burkholderia pseudomallei rpos gene was identified, and an rpos null mutant was constructed. the mutant was shown to have an increased sensitivity to carbon starvation and oxidative stress. by using rpos-lacz fusions, transcription of rpos was shown to be growth phase regulated, reaching a peak upon entry into stationary phase. | 2003 | 14617667 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei: another emerging pathogen in cystic fibrosis. | burkholderia pseudomallei is an important cause of acute fulminant pneumonia and septicaemia in tropical regions of northern australia and south east asia. subacute and chronic forms of the disease also occur. there have been three recent reports of adults with cystic fibrosis (cf) who presumably acquired b pseudomallei infection during extended vacations or residence in either thailand or northern australia. | 2003 | 14645982 |
| adjunctive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for treatment of septic shock due to melioidosis. | melioidosis, caused by the intracellular pathogen burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in northern australia and southeast asia. risk factors for this infection have also been associated with functional neutrophil defects. because of this, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) was adopted for use in patients with septic shock due to melioidosis in december 1998. we compared the mortality rates from before and after the introduction of g-csf therapy at the royal darwin hospital (darwin, ... | 2004 | 14679445 |
| indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for the rapid diagnosis of melioidosis. | culture is the only reliable method available at present for the diagnosis of melioidosis. though serological tests have been described, their value in routine diagnosis is controversial. all indirect immunofluorescent assay (ifa) was therefore evaluated to determine its use in the diagnosis of melioidosis. whole cell antigen prepared from a laboratory isolate of burkholderia pseudomallei was used to assay igg and igm antibodies. fourteen of the 22 (63.6%) culture proven cases had igm antibodies ... | 2003 | 14680201 |
| intensity of rainfall and severity of melioidosis, australia. | in a 12-year prospective study of 318 culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis from the top end of the northern territory of australia, rainfall data for individual patient locations were correlated with patient risk factors, clinical parameters, and outcomes. median rainfall in the 14 days before admission was highest (211 mm) for those dying with melioidosis, in comparison to 110 mm for those surviving (p=0.0002). median 14-day rainfall was also significantly higher for those with pneumonia. on ... | 2003 | 14720392 |
| cutaneous melioidosis and necrotizing fasciitis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. | in areas where melioidosis is endemic, stress on the healthcare system is substantial. because clinical manifestations are protean, the illness is difficult to diagnose, and cutaneous burkholderia pseudomallei infections can progress to necrotizing fasciitis. while it is and uncommon complication of cutaneous melioidosis, necrotizing fasciitis is potentially fatal and requires aggressive management, including early diagnosis, appropriate antibiotics selection and operative débridement. | 2003 | 14725266 |
| [note on the action in vitro of chloramphenicol on whitmore's bacillus]. | | 1950 | 14777406 |
| melioidosis in sheep in queens land; a description of the causal organism. | | 1950 | 14838792 |
| granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and an in vitro whole blood model of melioidosis. | the study reported here was conducted in order to explore the mechanism of action of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) in the treatment of burkholderia pseudomallei infections (otherwise known as melioidosis). use of g-csf as an adjunct to antibiotics has been associated with decreasing mortality among patients with melioidosis in the tropical region of the northern territory of australia. however, using an in vitro whole blood assay, no significant difference was detected in the bac ... | 2004 | 14986161 |
| mycotic aneurysm caused by burkholderia pseudomallei with negative blood cultures. | we describe a case of bacterial aortitis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. this patient presented with prolonged fever and hoarseness of voice. aneurysm removal with dacron graft replacement was performed, followed by a prolonged course of antibiotics. the patient has progressed satisfactorily without recurrence of symptoms. previous case reports are summarized. | 2004 | 15000566 |
| assignment of the 1h, 13c and 15n resonances of the catalytic domain of guanine nucleotide exchange factor bope from burkholderia pseudomallei. | | 2004 | 15014239 |
| recent development in melioidosis. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis and a potential biological weapon, is still unfamiliar in some areas where sporadic cases are being reported among travelers. this review highlights findings in 2002-2003 and is an extension of a recent review by dance. | 2004 | 15021053 |
| the role of a bifunctional catalase-peroxidase kata in protection of agrobacterium tumefaciens from menadione toxicity. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is an aerobic plant pathogenic bacterium that is exposed to reactive oxygen species produced either as by-products of aerobic metabolism or by the defense systems of host plants. the physiological function of the bifunctional catalase-peroxidase (kata) in the protection of a. tumefaciens from reactive oxygen species other than h(2)o(2) was evaluated in the kata mutant (pb102). unexpectedly, pb102 was highly sensitive to the superoxide generator menadione. the expression ... | 2004 | 15033242 |
| virulent burkholderia pseudomallei is more efficient than avirulent burkholderia thailandensis in invasion of and adherence to cultured human epithelial cells. | burkholderia pseudomallei, a causative agent of melioidosis, is a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacillus that is closely related to its avirulent counterpart, burkholderia thailandensis. however, pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors of b. pseudomallei remain elusive. in the present study, we compared the invasiveness, adherence, and replication of b. pseudomallei and b. thailandensis in human respiratory epithelial cells a549. invasion was determined after 4 h of coculturing usi ... | 2004 | 15043863 |
| bpeab-oprb, a multidrug efflux pump in burkholderia pseudomallei. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is intrinsically resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial agents, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and polymyxins. an operon, bper-bpea-bpeb-oprb, which encodes a putative repressor, a membrane fusion protein, an inner membrane protein, and an outer membrane protein, respectively, of a multidrug efflux pump of the resistance-nodulation-division family was identified in b. pseudomallei. the divergently transcribe ... | 2004 | 15047512 |
| pcr-rflp based differentiation of burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei. | burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei manifest a high similarity with regard to clinical syndromes, glanders and melioidosis. phenotypic and genotypic characters are also highly similar. in an attempt to differentiate the two organisms, the molecular method was applied. this study aimed to identify the different dna fragment in b. mallei, as compared with b. pseudomallei. the sau3ai-digested genomic dna patterns of b. mallei and b. pseudomallei are distinctive, especially the dna fra ... | 2004 | 15051118 |
| purification and characterization of alkaline serine proteinase from photosynthetic bacterium, rubrivivax gelatinosus kdds1. | in order to reduce the protein content of wastewater, photosynthetic bacteria producing proteinases were screened from wastewater of various sources and stocked in culture. an isolated strain, kdds1, was identified as rubrivivax gelatinosus, a purple nonsulfur bacterium that secretes proteinase under micro-aerobic conditions under light at 35 degrees c. molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 32.5 kda. the enzyme showed the highest activity at 45 degrees c and ph 9.6, and the ... | 2004 | 15056899 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei: a case report of a human infection in ceará, brazil. | burkholderia pseudomallei has rarely been isolated from environmental and clinical specimens in south america, particularly, in brazil. this report describes a case of melioidosis with fulminant sepsis in a 10 year old boy, from rural area, in tejuçuoca, state of ceará, brazil. blood samples were positive and, through the analysis of results from biochemical tests and of drugs susceptibility profile, identified this gram-negative bacillus as b. pseudomallei. the contamination source remains obsc ... | 2004 | 15057337 |
| identification and expression of a burkholderia pseudomallei collagenase in escherichia coli. | extracellular protein profiles were compared for broth-grown cultures of burkholderia pseudomallei and its avirulent close relative burkholderia thailandensis. a number of protein bands were present in the b. pseudomallei profile but absent or less abundant in the b. thailandensis profile. four such prominent secreted proteins were identified by using n-terminal sequencing coupled to searches of the b. pseudomallei genome sequence database. the genes for two proteins with similarity to carbohydr ... | 2004 | 15057457 |
| the pmli-pmlr quorum-sensing system in burkholderia pseudomallei plays a key role in virulence and modulates production of the mpra protease. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an often fatal infection of humans and animals. the virulence of this pathogen is thought to depend on a number of secreted proteins, including the mpra metalloprotease. we observed that mpra is produced upon entry into the stationary phase, when the cell density is high, and this prompted us to study cell density-dependent regulation in b. pseudomallei. a search of the b. pseudomallei genome led to identification of a quorum-sensi ... | 2004 | 15060030 |
| biophysical characterization of the catalytic domain of guanine nucleotide exchange factor bope from burkholderia pseudomallei. | bope is a type iii secreted protein from burkholderia pseudomallei, the aetiological agent of melioidosis. like its salmonella homologues sope and sope2, bope is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rho gtpases. it is thought that, in order to be secreted by the type iii system, proteins must be unfolded or only partially folded. as part of a study of b. pseudomallei virulence proteins, we have expressed, purified and characterized the catalytic domain of bope (amino acids 78-261). analytica ... | 2004 | 15063321 |
| bacteraemic melioidosis pneumonia: impact on outcome, clinical and radiological features. | melioidosis is an endemic disease in south-east (se) asia and bacteraemia in melioidosis is associated with high mortality. we describe some clinical and radiological features of bacteraemic pneumonia due to burkholderia pseudomallei as well as a comparison with bacteraemic patients without pneumonia. | 2004 | 15066335 |
| induction of inos expression and antimicrobial activity by interferon (ifn)-beta is distinct from ifn-gamma in burkholderia pseudomallei-infected mouse macrophages. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a causative agent of melioidosis. this gram-negative bacterium is able to survive and multiple inside both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. we previously reported that exogenous interferons (both type i and type ii) enhanced antimicrobial activity of the macrophages infected with b. pseudomallei by up-regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos). this enzyme thus plays an essential role in controlling intracellular growth of bacteria. in the present study we ... | 2004 | 15086391 |
| the effect of quicklime (calcium oxide) as an inhibitor of burkholderia pseudomallei. | measurement of in vitro activity of quicklime against burkholderia pseudomallei revealed that quicklime at concentrations of 10% or more was bactericidal for up to 35 d. the effect of quicklime as an inhibitor of b. pseudomallei in soil from a rice field was studied in a laboratory setting. the soil, collected from a rice field in north-eastern thailand, was mixed with b. pseudomallei. in experiment 1, quicklime was mixed with the soil in different amounts. in experiment 2, quicklime was spread ... | 2004 | 15099988 |
| outcomes of patients with melioidosis treated with meropenem. | melioidosis, an infection due to burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in southeast asia and northern australia. we reviewed our experience with meropenem in the treatment of severe melioidosis in 63 patients over a 6-year period. outcomes were similar to those of ceftazidime-treated patients (n = 153) despite a deliberate selection bias to more-unwell patients receiving meropenem. the mortality among meropenem-treated patients was 19%. one patient had a possible drug fever associated with the u ... | 2004 | 15105132 |