| blood protein polymorphisms in the donkey (equus asinus). | transferrin, albumin, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and vitamin d-binding protein polymorphisms were detected in 242 feral and domesticated australian donkeys by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, starch gel electrophoresis, autoradiography, immunoblotting with specific antisera and activity staining. all four tf and two alb variants were donkey specific while only one of the pgd variants was donkey specific. the two gc variants were electrophoretically identical to the equus caballus f and ... | 1994 | 7943978 |
| conformational transitions of duplex and triplex nucleic acid helices: thermodynamic analysis of effects of salt concentration on stability using preferential interaction coefficients. | for order-disorder transitions of double- and triple-stranded nucleic acid helices, the midpoint temperatures tm depend strongly on a +/-, the mean ionic activity of uniunivalent salt. experimental determinations of dtm/d ln a +/- and of the enthalpy change (delta h(o)) accompanying the transition in excess salt permit evaluation of delta gamma, the stoichiometrically weighted combination of preferential interaction coefficients, each of which reflects thermodynamic effects of interactions of sa ... | 1994 | 7948695 |
| characteristics of acupuncture meridians and acupoints in animals. | in recent years, an increasing number of studies has been conducted on the biophysical characteristics of the meridians and acupoints in humans and animals. the authors aim to further illustrate the objective existence and superficial locations of the meridians in various species of animals. twelve sheep, ten goats, thirteen pigs, eleven cats, eight rabbits and seven donkeys were used to measure low impedance lines (lils) and high percussion sound lines (hpsls) on the skin surface of the animals ... | 1994 | 7949363 |
| seasonal variation in the function of blood monocytes obtained from healthy nonsmokers, asymptomatic smokers, and smokers with chronic bronchitis. | the present study focused on two questions: what effects do cigarette smoking and chronic bronchitis have on the function of the precursors of alveolar macrophages, the blood monocytes? can seasonal variations affect the function of these cells? phagocytic activity (the proportion of yeast-ingesting cells and the mean number of yeast particles per ingesting cell) and metabolism of arachidonic acid [secretion of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and leukotriene b4 (ltb4) in zymosan-stimulated cultures] wer ... | 1994 | 7954908 |
| recent advances in the preparation and storage of red cells. | the policy of blood collection for transfusion and the supply of fractionated plasma products differ between countries which has a strong impact on the choice of methods for rbc preparation and storage. separation into components and storage of red cells in ass are commonly used. new methods for improved preparation have been developed, allowing better standardization of the blood components. several new compositions of as have been described which improve quality with respect to oxygen affinity ... | 1994 | 7975501 |
| ultrastructure of the epithelium that lines the ductuli efferentes in domestic equidae, with particular reference to spermatophagy. | the epithelium that lines the ductuli efferentes in the horse, donkey and mule has been examined by electron microscopy. the epithelium consists of columnar ciliated and non-ciliated cells. lymphocytes and macrophages are also present, together with cells that are rich in lipofuscin. these 'lipofuscin-rich' cells are a peculiar feature of the excurrent ducts of equidae and are characterized by a large number of highly heterogeneous residual bodies. the general morphology of the epithelium and, i ... | 1994 | 7976167 |
| two loci for tuberous sclerosis: one on 9q34 and one on 16p13. | 32 families informative for the segregation of tuberous sclerosis (tsc) have been examined for genetic markers on chromosomes 9, 11, 12 and 16. in one large family there was clear evidence of linkage to markers on chromosome 16p13.3 (lodscore with d16s291 of 4.7 at theta = 0) but other families were too small to give individually convincing lodscores. combined results for all families gave positive results with abo/dbh on chromosome 9 (max lod 2.63) and with d16s291 on chromosome 16 (max lod 3.9 ... | 1994 | 7979156 |
| dystonia in ashkenazi jews: clinical characterization of a founder mutation. | a gene (dyt1) for idiopathic torsion dystonia maps to chromosome 9q34 in ashkenazi jewish families with early onset of symptoms. further, there is linkage disequilibrium between dyt1 and a particular haplotype of alleles at 9q34 loci in this population. this implies that a large proportion of early-onset idiopathic torsion dystonia in ashkenazi jews is due to a founder mutation in dyt1. to characterize the phenotypic range of this mutation, we studied 174 ashkenazi jewish individuals affected wi ... | 1994 | 7979224 |
| [characterization and quantification of dermatan sulfate from donkey skin]. | dermatan sulfate (ds), a recently known antithrombotic glycosaminoglycan, was isolated and purified from donkey skin. physiochemical characteristics of the glycan, including constituent analysis, electrophoretic behaviour, molecular mass, specific lyase degradations, ir and pmr spectra were described, using porcine skin-origin dermatan sulfate as a standard reference. contents of ds in donkey skin and its gelatinized preparations (ejiao) were also measured. results indicate that the presence of ... | 1994 | 7980859 |
| hyperhomocysteinemia as a possible role for atherosclerosis in capd patients. | it has been shown that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease. in this study, we measured total plasma homocysteine in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) patients and evaluated its correlation with atherosclerosis. subjects consisted of healthy volunteers, and hemodialysis (hd) and capd patients. fluoro-hplc was employed to estimate plasma levels of total homocysteine (hcy). plasma levels of total hcy were significantly higher in the capd patient ... | 1994 | 7999846 |
| the gene for familial dystonia with myoclonic jerks responsive to alcohol is not located on the distal end of 9q. | a gene (dyt1) for susceptibility to early-onset torsion dystonia in ashkenazi jewish and gentile kindreds is situated on chromosome 9q32-q34 in a 6-7 cm span between markers ak1 and ass. to determine whether transmission of familial dystonia with myoclonic jerks responsive to alcohol was consistent with a gene in this region, we studied the 37 members of a swedish family, of whom 20 were so affected. a lod score of < -2.00 from a two-point linkage analysis with six dna markers covering a 30 cm s ... | 1994 | 8004804 |
| characterization of a red blood cell antigen in donkeys and mules associated with neonatal isoerythrolysis. | a red cell antigen of donkeys and mules was identified using antibodies in serum from a mare which produced a mule foal affected with neonatal isoerythrolysis (ni). subsequently antibodies with similar activity were identified in the sera of other mares which had produced mule foals and were produced by immunization of horses with blood from donkeys. the antigen detected by these antibodies does not correspond to any recognized horse red cell alloantigen. this may be a xenoantigen since all donk ... | 1994 | 8010529 |
| contractility of lungs and air-tubes: experiments performed in 1840 by charles j.b. williams. | in the 18th century, some medical practitioners considered the main pathological feature of asthma to be the production of mucus. later, during the 19th century, airway smooth muscle contraction was recognized to be a possible cause of airflow obstruction. however, not until 1840 was the contractility of airway smooth muscle clearly established by charles j.b. williams, a famous london physician. in a number of innovative experiments in dogs, rabbits, livestock and even donkeys, he showed: 1) th ... | 1994 | 8013615 |
| genetic analysis of nucleotide triphosphatase activity in the mouse brain. | a ca(2+)- or mg(2+)-stimulated ecto-atpase is thought to regulate the hydrolysis of extracellular atp in nervous tissues. the hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphates (ntps) was analyzed in brain microsomal fractions from crosses of dba/2j (d2) and c57bl/6j (b6) mice. the nucleotide triphosphatase (ntpase) activity was significantly reduced in d2 mice as compared to b6 mice, and b6d2f1 hybrids had activities intermediate to the parentals. a significant positive correlation was found between the hy ... | 1994 | 8056315 |
| relationship between plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations in hypertriglyceridaemic donkeys. | hyperinsulinaemia is a commonly-observed characteristic of insulin resistance, and a reduction in insulin sensitivity is thought to be either a causative and/or symptomatic feature of equine hyperlipaemia. a positive correlation (r = 0.545, p = 0.0015) existed between plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations determined in 31 donkeys with naturally occurring hyperlipidaemia/hyperlipaemia. greater insulin values tended to occur in the animals with an overweight body score. inter-animal varia ... | 1994 | 8073193 |
| animal reservoirs for trypanosoma cruzi infection in an endemic area in paraguay. | animal reservoirs for trypanosoma cruzi infection were investigated in 5 communities in the department of san pedro, currently one of paraguay's most highly endemic areas. a total of 112 domestic animals (37 cattle, 2 horses, 1 ass, 20 pigs, 44 dogs and 8 cats) and 4 wild animals (1 white-eared opossum, 2 yellow armadillos and 1 common long-nosed armadillo) were examined for blood. although no trypomastigotes were found by 2 direct observation methods, the microhaematocrit and giemsa stained thi ... | 1994 | 8075219 |
| sequences of two highly divergent canine type c lysozymes: implications for the evolutionary origins of the lysozyme/alpha-lactalbumin superfamily. | the amino acid sequences of two canine lysozymes, from milk and spleen, have been elucidated by direct sequence analyses of the purified proteins and fragments generated from them. the two enzymes are highly divergent, differing from each other by 45% in sequence, but each is closely similar to lysozymes previously obtained from other mammalian species. the milk lysozyme is similar in sequence to equine and donkey milk lysozymes (83% identity) and, like these enzymes, contains a bound ca2+ ion w ... | 1994 | 8080284 |
| comparative genetic analysis of swiss and spanish isolates of echinococcus granulosus by southern hybridization and random amplified polymorphic dna technique. | swiss and spanish isolates of echinococcus granulosus were compared using different molecular biological techniques: genomic dnas isolated from parasites originating from various intermediate hosts were subjected to southern hybridization with different probes, the same source of dna was used for dna amplification using the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique. with both methods the various isolates (metacestodes) of e. granulosus exhibited characteristic banding patterns which allo ... | 1994 | 8087150 |
| purified yeast aspartic protease 3 cleaves anglerfish pro-somatostatin i and ii at di- and monobasic sites to generate somatostatin-14 and -28. | anglerfish somatostatin-14 (ss-14) and somatostatin-28 (ass-28) are derived from pro-somatostatin i (apss-i) and pro-somatostatin ii (pss-ii), respectively. purified yeast aspartic protease 3 (yap3), was shown to cleave apss-i at the arg81-lys82 to yield ss-14 and lys-1ss-14. in contrast, yap3 cleaved apss-ii only at the monobasic residue, arg73 to yield ass-28. since the paired basic and monobasic sites are present in both precursors, the results indicate that the structure and conformation of ... | 1993 | 8104828 |
| effects of new somatostatin analogs on the cell proliferation of colonic crypts and colonic cancers in rats. | the antiproliferative activity of two new somatostatin (ss) analogs: ass-51 and ass-52 have been tested in this study. we assessed their ability to inhibit the dna synthesis in normal colon crypt cells and in the cells of chemically (dimethylhydrazine)-induced colon cancer in the rats. the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) into appropriate cell nuclei was used as an index of dna synthesis. it was found that: 1) only ass-51 significantly decreases the colon crypt cell proliferation in the ... | 1993 | 8105412 |
| a search for the primary abnormality in adult-onset type ii citrullinemia. | deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) causes citrullinemia in human beings. type ii citrullinemia is found in most patients with adult-onset citrullinemia in japan, and ass deficiency is found specifically in the liver. previous studies have shown that the decrease of hepatic ass activity is caused by a decrease in enzyme protein with normal kinetic properties and that there were no apparent abnormalities in the amount, translational activity, and gross structure of hepatic ass mrna. ... | 1993 | 8105687 |
| haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against african horse sickness virus in domestic animals in nigeria. | a sero-epidemiological survey of african horse sickness (ahs) virus in 261 animals which included 96 camels, 81 horses, 80 dogs and 4 donkeys was carried out in nigeria. the animals had no history of vaccination against ahs. sera were tested by the haemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test for the presence of antibody against ahs virus. of these, 77 (95.1%) horse, 4 (100%) donkey, 10 (10.4%) camel and 28 (35%) dog sera samples tested were recorded as positive. the prevalence of antibody in samples ... | 1993 | 8111431 |
| age related igg subclass concentrations in asthma. | the prevalence of igg subclass deficiency in asthma is still controversial. earlier studies often included patients receiving treatment with systemic steroids which can induce hypogammaglobulinaemia. concentrations of igg subclasses were studies in 200 children (aged 2-17 years) with asthma (mean asthma severity score (ass) 2, range 1-4) who had not received systemic steroids for at least six weeks before investigation, and in 226 healthy age matched controls. the mean concentrations of igg subc ... | 1994 | 8135559 |
| nasal resistance in obstructive sleep apnea. | acute increases in nasal resistance are known to induce upper airway occlusion in predisposed subjects. with the limited efficacy of nasal surgery alone in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (osa), the relevance of chronically increased nasal resistance in the pathophysiologic features of osa remains undetermined. | 1994 | 8162738 |
| epidemiological observations on sarcoids in a population of donkeys (equus asinus). | an epidemiological study of equine sarcoid in a population of 4126 donkeys showed that the peak incidence of the disease was 15.2 cases per 100 animal-years and occurred in animals in their fourth year of life. the crude incidence of the disease was 0.6 cases per 100 animal-years. the disease occurred most frequently in younger, male animals during their first five years in the population. the lesions were observed most commonly in the paragenital region. pre-entry quarantine procedures did not ... | 1994 | 8171807 |
| detection of borna disease virus rna in naturally infected animals by a nested polymerase chain reaction. | borna disease virus in naturally infected horses, a donkey and sheep was detected for the first time by amplification of viral rna using pcr. in contrast to a control group of healthy horses, brain tissue was positive by this assay in all animals with neurological symptoms. the use of a second round of pcr with nested primers following southern hybridization confirmed the specificity and increased the sensitivity of the test. comparison with conventional methods recommends this technique for mon ... | 1994 | 8188810 |
| generation of a mouse model for citrullinemia by targeted disruption of the argininosuccinate synthetase gene. | argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) is a urea cycle enzyme that forms argininosuccinate from citrulline and aspartate. mutations at the ass locus in man cause the inherited disease, citrullinemia. citrullinemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait and is characterized, biochemically, by elevated levels of blood citrulline and ammonia and often results in early neonatal death if untreated. we have used homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells to generate a line of mice having a tar ... | 1994 | 8197477 |
| morphology of adult white donkeys of asinara. | the phenotype of the asinara white donkey has the following somatic characteristics: white coat, pink skin and glabrous areas, straight profile, body not very rounded on account of relatively slight muscular development, large head, eyes with irises of a pink-blue colour, short thin neck, not very pronounced withers, straight, average length dorsolumbar region, prominent angular rump higher than the withers, short chest, wide hind quarters, well developed abdomen, short sturdy limbs, light-colou ... | 1993 | 8198800 |
| microsatellite analysis of loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 9q, 11p and 17p in medulloblastomas. | medulloblastoma (mb) is a primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the cerebellum whose pathogenesis is poorly understood. previous studies suggest a role for loci on chromosomes 11p and 17p in the pathogenesis of mb. evidence for another potential mb locus has recently emerged from studies on gorlin syndrome (gs), an autosomal dominant syndrome with multiple basal cell carcinomas, epithelial jaw cysts, and skeletal anomalies. since gs can be associated with mb, we examined sporadic (non-gs) cases of ... | 1994 | 8208343 |
| field observations in israel on hypersensitivity in cattle, sheep and donkeys caused by culicoides. | hypersensitive lesions in the skin of sheep, cattle and donkeys from various regions in israel are described. no cause other than insect bites was found. the animals were free of ticks, lice, fleas and blackflies, and of all the prevailing insect groups; culicoides spp were considered as the most probable cause of the hypersensitivity. lesions on the legs and abdomen were attributed mainly to c obsoletus meigen, c schultzel gp and c puncticollis becker, and less to c imicola kieffer. lesions on ... | 1993 | 8240175 |
| stomach parasites of donkeys in morocco: habitat and interspecific interactions. | one hundred and four donkeys originating from several regions of morocco were necropsied during 1 year. the parasites in their stomachs were counted and locations determined in the cardiac, fundic and pyloric portions. synergistic or antagonistic interactions between parasites were assessed by a principal component analysis. gasterophilus intestinalis was only found in the cardiac portion and g. nasalis was mostly found in the pyloric portion. habronema were principally encountered in the pylori ... | 1993 | 8249256 |
| [parasitological fecal studies of equids, dogs, cats and hedgehogs during the years 1984-1991]. | the results of the coproscopical examinations in horses, dogs, cats and hedgehogs between 1984 and 1991 are presented. in 9192 samples from horses 55.5% stages of strongylids, 4.0% of parascaris equorum, 2.2% of anoplocephalids, 1.6% strongyloides westeri, 0.7% of oxyuris equi, 0.6% of eimeria leuckarti, 0.2% of fasciola hepatica and 0.04% of dictyocaulus arnfieldi were found. in 48.0% of the 46 samples from donkeys eggs from strongylids were detected, in 17.4% larvae from dictyocaulus arnfieldi ... | 1993 | 8261912 |
| pig leukocyte cysteine proteinase inhibitor (plcpi), a new member of the stefin family. | a new stefin type low-m(r) cysteine proteinase inhibitor (plcpi) was isolated from pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes as a contaminant of the cathelin sample. the inhibitor consists of 103 amino acids, and its m(r) was calculated to be 11,768. the inhibitor exhibits considerable sequence identity with inhibitors from the stefin family, particularly with human stefin a. the plcpi is a fast acting inhibitor of papain and cathepsins l and s (k(ass) > or = 1 x 10(6) m-1 x s-1) and forms very tight com ... | 1993 | 8262248 |
| tamm-horsfall glycoprotein binds igg with high affinity. | tamm-horsfall protein (thp), a monomeric glycoprotein (m(r) 80 to 100 kda), is produced by the mammalian kidney's thick ascending limb of henle cells and excreted into the urine. the function of thp is uncertain. here we report that a high molecular weight contaminant in sheep thp (sthp) preparations was identified as sheep igg by its positive reaction with donkey anti-sheep igg antibody and with protein g. to answer the question of whether sthp and sheep igg co-purified because of a physical in ... | 1993 | 8264130 |
| virucidal activity of an activated sludge supernatant. | the virucidal activity of the activated sludge aqueous phase was studied from the time of initial inoculation with a poliovirus type 1 suspension and for durations of three and nine days. the mixtures were incubated in presence of a nutritive medium at 26 degrees c and samples were drawn at regular intervals of time for viral titration. the activated sludge supernatant (ass) caused an important decrease of the titer of the poliovirus type 1 suspension especially after nine days of incubation. th ... | 1993 | 8267834 |
| rapid evolution of horse satellite dna. | the major satellite of the horse genome consists of about 1 million copies of a 221-bp tandem repeat unit. by fluorescence in situ hybridization it has been localized in the centromeres of 58 of the 64 horse chromosomes. the donkey genome contains a similar but not identical satellite. strikingly, the equine repeat did not hybridize to dna of the grevy zebra, despite the divergence of the horse and zebra only 3 to 5 million years ago and the ability of these species to crossbreed. the evolution ... | 1993 | 8276394 |
| purification and quantitative measurement of bovine serum amyloid-a. | bovine serum amyloid-a (b-saa) was purified from a pool of acute phase serum using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration. serum was applied at a low salt concentration to a phenyl-sepharose column and saa was eluted with a gradient of 0 to 6 m guanidine-hcl. fractions containing saa were pooled, concentrated and further purified by gel filtration on superose-12. the concentration of saa in bovine serum was quantified by an indirect elisa using rabbit anti-human saa and horser ... | 1993 | 8284495 |
| [the immunogenic properties of a recombinant vaccinia virus with an incorporated dna copy of the 26s rna of the venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus]. | a recombinant strain of vaccinia virus (vr26) containing a dna-copy of the subgenomic 26s rna of venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (vee) inserted into the coding region of thymidine kinase (tk) gene was produced. this subgenomic rna contained the genes for all structural proteins of the vee virus, the strain trinidad donkey (trd). vr26 effectively expressed vee virus glycoproteins on the membranes of the infected cells. blood sera of vr26-immunized animals were found to contain vee virus ... | 1993 | 8284922 |
| sympathetic denervation of the epicardial border zone in the genesis of dispersion of refractoriness and arrhythmogenesis in a 7-day-old canine myocardial infarction model. | the purpose of this study was to clarify whether sympathetic denervation occurs in the infarcted heart and contributes to the dispersion of the effective refractory period (erp) and arrhythmogenesis. | 1993 | 8287211 |
| linkage analysis of infantile pyloric stenosis and markers from chromosome 9q11-q33: no evidence for a major gene in this candidate region. | a genetic component in the aetiology of infantile pyloric stenosis (ps) is well established. segregation analysis is compatible with a multifactorial sex modified threshold model of inheritance but a major gene of low penetrance has not been excluded. ps has been reported to occur in 57% (four of seven) of cases with duplication of chromosome 9q11-q33. twenty families with ps were studied using genetic markers at loci d9s55, d9s111, d9s15, d9s12, d9s56, d9s59, and ass from this region of chromos ... | 1993 | 8320701 |
| [study on determination of gentamycin by enhanced chemiluminescent immunoassay]. | gentamycin was determined by solid antigen competition inhibition method of chemiluminescet immunoassay, in which luminol-(p-hydroxydiphenyl)-h2o2 was used a the chemiluminescence system and p-hydroxydiphenyl as the chemiluminescent enhancer. solid antigen was synthesized by a method in which gentamycin was immobilized covalently on microcrystalline cellulose previously activated by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole. the rabbit anti-gentamycin igg and the hrp-donkey anti-rabbit igg were used as the first ... | 1993 | 8340080 |
| linkage analysis with chromosome 9 markers in hereditary essential tremor. | hereditary essential tremor (et) is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression and reduced penetrance. a tremor indistinguishable from et may be observed in patients with autosomal dominant idiopathic torsion dystonia (itd), in which the disease locus has been mapped to 9q32-34 in some kindreds, tightly linked to the argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) locus. we performed linkage analysis in 15 families with et containing 60 definitely affected individuals, using dinucleotide repeat ... | 1993 | 8341306 |
| effects of fetal genotype and uterine environment on placental development in equids. | measurement of the concentrations of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (ecg) in the serum of pregnant mares and jenny donkeys carrying normal intraspecies and hybrid interspecies pregnancies suggested that the production of this hormone may be influenced by parental gene imprinting. specifically, a differential expression of maternal and paternal genes may control the size and secretory activity of the structures that secrete ecg, the fetal endometrial cups. however, bisection of an interspecies mu ... | 1993 | 8345479 |
| african horse sickness. | ahs is a noncontagious vector-borne disease of equidae caused by orbiviruses. species susceptibility in decreasing order is horses, mules, donkeys, and zebras. the main vectors of ahs are culicoides. the disease is endemic in sub-saharan africa, but epizootics have occurred outside of this area on several occasions. the most recent outbreaks outside of the endemic area were in spain, morocco, and portugal between 1987 and 1990. ahs causes mortality up to 95% and is classically divided into four ... | 1993 | 8358648 |
| comparison of five tests for the serologic diagnosis of myiasis by gasterophilus spp. larvae (diptera: gasterophilidae) in horses and donkeys: a preliminary study. | sera from 41 horses and 159 donkeys, from twelve states of méxico, were tested to ascertain anti-gasterophilus circulating antibodies by double immunodiffusion (dd), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie), indirect haemagglutination (ih), thin layer immunoassay (tia) and diffusion-in-gel elisa (dig-elisa) methods using crude somatic antigen from third instar larvae of g. intestinalis (degeer). at necropsy, 33/41 horses and 24/159 donkeys were found to be parasitized by g. intestinalis and/or g. nasa ... | 1993 | 8369558 |
| wesselsbron virus haemagglutination: studies with erythrocytes of various animal species at different ph and temperatures. | the haemagglutinating (ha) properties of the nigerian strain of wesselsbron virus have been investigated using erythrocytes from a wide range of animals. the results showed that wesselsbron virus possesses ha activity when extracted using the sucrose and acetone method. the erythrocytes of goose, horse, donkey, pig, cattle, sheep, goat, monkey, man, rabbit, rat, guinea pig and chicken were agglutinated by wesselsbron virus at different ph values (5.75-7.0) and temperatures of 4 degrees c, room ( ... | 1993 | 8380321 |
| group-reactive elisas for detecting antibodies to african horsesickness and equine encephalosis viruses in horse, donkey, and zebra sera. | group-reactive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were developed to selectively detect antibodies to african horsesickness virus (ahsv) and equine encephalosis virus (eev), 2 orbiviruses that infect equids. in indirect elisa, guinea pig antisera to all known ahsv or eev serotypes recognized immobilized ahsv serotype 3 or eev cascara, respectively. antisera from naturally infected animals did not cross-react with their respective heterologous viruses. the elisa was used in parallel with ... | 1993 | 8385502 |
| characterization of serum lysosomal enzymatic activities. iii. effect of infectious influenza in egyptian equines. | an outbreak of infectious influenza was recognized in menofeia governorate in october 1989. eight naturally influenza infected as well as 8 healthy control horses, mules and donkeys were selected for collection of blood and sera separation to estimate four lysosomal enzymatic activities and to describe the clinical findings, which were fever, congested nasal, conjunctival membranes and cough. bronchopneumonia followed later with bilateral purulent nasal discharge as a complication in 2 donkeys. ... | 1993 | 8387424 |
| [the role of the inositol phosphate cycle in the cardioprotective effect of adaptation to repeated stressors]. | as shown by previous studies, adaptation to short-term stress exposure developed the phenomenon of adaptive stabilization of structures (phass), including such as elevation in resistance to impairing effects of isolated animal hearts and the heart nuclear fraction of elements of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. studies of the role of inositol phosphate regulatory cycle in the development of the ass phenomenon showed that the inositol triphosphate-diacyl glycerol (itp-dag) step of regulation was activ ... | 1993 | 8390126 |
| serological evidence of equine arteritis virus in donkeys in south africa. | this paper reports the first serological evidence of exposure of donkeys to equine arteritis virus. seven hundred and thirty-four serum samples collected between 1989 and 1992 from donkeys in different areas of south africa were examined for the presence of antibodies against this virus by a microneutralization test. seventeen percent of serum samples tested positive. the distribution of seropositive animals varied from none in the western cape province and the transvaal highveld to 30% in the n ... | 1993 | 8392682 |
| dna of bovine papillomavirus type 1 and 2 in equine sarcoids: pcr detection and direct sequencing. | nucleotide sequences of bovine papillomavirus (bpv) dna amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from samples of equine sarcoid skin tumours were determined. all naturally occurring sarcoids (n = 58 tumours from 32 horses and 2 donkeys) contained bpv-dna. all but 3 of the genome fragments belonged to the bpv type 1 strain (bpv-1); the remaining were bpv type 2. similar results were obtained with cutaneous bovine papillomas used as controls (n = 20). one of the horses, carrying 2 sarcoids ... | 1993 | 8394687 |
| algorithms for detecting antibodies to hiv-1: results from a rural ugandan cohort. | to evaluate an algorithm using two enzyme immunoassays (eia) for anti-hiv-1 antibodies in a rural african population and to assess alternative simplified algorithms. | 1993 | 8397940 |
| molecular evidence that epizootic venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) i-ab viruses are not evolutionary derivatives of enzootic vee subtype i-e or ii viruses. | enzootic strains of venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) virus occur in the united states (florida), mexico, central america and south america. epizootic vee first occurred in north and central america in a widespread outbreak between 1969 and 1972. to investigate the likelihood that this epizootic vee virus, identified as vee antigenic subtype i-ab, evolved from enzootic viruses extant in the region, we cloned and sequenced the 26s mrna region of the genomes of the florida vee subtype ii virus, ... | 1993 | 8445371 |
| physical mapping within the tuberous sclerosis linkage group in region 9q32-q34. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flow dot-blot analysis have been used to construct a physical map of the q32-q34 region of chromosome 9, where one of the loci responsible for tuberous sclerosis (tsc1) has been mapped by genetic linkage. five linked groups of markers have been defined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the orientation of these groups and the order of markers within them were determined by hybridization to flow-sorted dot blots derived from a panel of cell lines of chromoso ... | 1993 | 8449490 |
| [domestic animals and veterinary medicine in the old and new testaments of the bible and the apocrypha]. | referring to an 1865 edition of the bible, the article deals with domestic animals and veterinary matters in the sacred book of christianity, singling out donkey, camel, horse, sheep, goat, pig, dog and cat. comments on early aspects of animal welfare and food hygiene round off the picture. | 1993 | 8457188 |
| ultrastructure of epididymal epithelium in equus caballus. | the ultrastructure of the epithelial lining of the ductuli efferents and the ductus epididymis in the horse (equus caballus) is described. several types of cells can be distinguished: ciliated and non-ciliated cells make up the epithelium of the ductuli efferents, whereas principal, apical and basal cells are found in the ductus epididymis. the observations are compared with those made in other species, in particular in the donkey (equus asinus), and the possible functional roles of the differen ... | 1993 | 8465967 |
| interaction of a trypsin-like enzyme of porphyromonas gingivalis w83 with antithrombin iii. | we have previously observed that trypsin-like activity in porphyromonas gingivalis culture supernatants is inhibitable by the plasma arg-serpin antithrombin iii (atiii). this report demonstrates that a partially purified p. gingivalis trypsin-like enzyme (m(r) 47,000) is inhibited by atiii with an association rate constant (k(ass)) of 5.65 x 10(4) m-1 s-1 but does not form sds-stable complexes. heparin enhances the k(ass) and stabilizes the complexes but in either case such inhibition is tempora ... | 1993 | 8486244 |
| analysis of four microsatellite markers on the long arm of chromosome 9 by meiotic recombination in flow-sorted single sperm. | meiotic recombination in flow-sorted single sperm was used to analyze four highly polymorphic microsatellite markers on the long arm of chromosome 9. the microsatellites comprised three tightly linked markers: 9cmp1 (d9s109), 9cmp2 (d9s127), and d9s53, which map to 9q31, and a reference marker, ass, which is located in 9q34.1. haplotypes of single sperm were assessed by using pcr in a single-step multiplex reaction to amplify each locus. recombinant haplotypes were identified by their relative i ... | 1993 | 8503451 |
| implantation of a programmable atrioventricular pacemaker in a donkey with complete atrioventricular block and syncope. | | 1993 | 8508758 |
| linkage analysis in british and french families with idiopathic torsion dystonia. | idiopathic torsion dystonia is most commonly caused by an autosomal dominant gene or genes with reduced penetrance. an idiopathic torsion dystonia locus has been mapped to chromosome 9q34 in one large non-jewish and several jewish kindreds in the usa. linkage analysis was performed in 27 (26 british, one french) small families with idiopathic torsion dystonia, three of which were ashkenazi jewish, using the highly polymorphic loci argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) and abelson oncogene (abl) whi ... | 1993 | 8513401 |
| indirect immunofluorescence in the investigation of rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss and menière's disease. | being aware of the conservation of antigenicity, we performed indirect immunofluorescence on non fixed non decalcified frozen hamster's cochlea. once killed, the heads of the hamsters were immediately dipped into liquid nitrogen and then stored at -20 degrees c until cutting. the sections were done at the same temperature, with tissue-tek embedding the heads to avoid breaking, using a sharp tungsten knife. the immunofluorescence itself was performed with the sera of the patients which were revea ... | 1993 | 8517134 |
| presence of cd4+ and cd8+ t cells and expression of mhc class i and mhc class ii antigen in horses with borna disease virus-induced encephalitis. | tissues from 9 horses and 1 donkey suffering from natural borna disease were investigated immunomorphologically. lymphocytic inflammatory reactions and increased expressions of mhc class i and class ii antigen were found in the brain as well as in the trigeminal and olfactory system. perivascular inflammatory infiltrates were dominated by cd4+ t cells, whereas the majority of cd8+ t cells were disseminated intraparenchymally. no evidence of inflammation was found in the retina. borna disease vir ... | 1995 | 8520721 |
| physical characterization of mmvf for risk assessment. | size and other physical properties of mmvf play a central role in risk assessment. they can be affected by, for example, conditions during manufacturing, and preparation prior to administration to experimental animals or cells. it is suggested that a necessary requirement for stating that an experiment has been repeated should be documented evidence that: (i) the administered fibres are alike when analysed with not less than a minimum number of well-established methods on single fibre and on bul ... | 1995 | 8526398 |
| survival and morphology of isolated pancreatic acinar cells from rats with induced acute pancreatitis are not improved with anti-inflammatory drugs. | the influence from anti-inflammatory drugs on cellular damage of pancreatic acinar cells after induction of an acute pancreatitis (ap) in a rat model was investigated. necrotizing pancreatitis was induced by retrograde instillation of trypsin solution in the pancreatic duct (group i). the severity of inflammation was determined using morphological and histological parameters 6, 24, and 48 h after induction of the necrotizing pancreatitis. after isolation of acinar cells, the degree of damage was ... | 1995 | 8530830 |
| distribution and characterization of the melatonin receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland of three domestic ungulates. | with some exceptions, in most of the mammals the pituitary pars tuberalis and the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei are reportedly the main targets for the pineal hormone melatonin. however, it is not known if the conspicuous diversity in the distribution pattern of melatonin binding sites in these areas depicts differences in reproductive behavior observed in the seasonally breeding species in the temperate zones. we explored the distribution and the characteristics of melatonin binding sites ... | 1995 | 8531051 |
| detection of leakage in inflatable genitourinary devices. | improved manufacturing techniques and stronger materials have significantly reduced but not eliminated the incidence of hydraulic leakage in the inflatable genitourinary devices. this study was designed to test the efficacy of pressure dissipation and volume loss as potential tests for the detection of site-specific hydraulic leakage in the inflatable penile prosthesis (ipp) and the artificial sphincter (as) and compare their efficacy with the current standard--the ohmmeter technique. | 1996 | 8560671 |
| transforming growth factor beta 1 expression in the endometrium of the mare during placentation. | in situ hybridization, northern blotting, and immunohistochemical techniques were used to study the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf beta 1) in the endometrium of the mare during the first 150 days of pregnancy (term = 330-340 days). in situ hybridization using an oligonucleotide (45mer) probe, based on a homologous region within all known mammalian tgf beta 1 dna sequences, demonstrated tgf beta 1 mrna accumulation in the glandular and lumenal epithelial cells of the endomet ... | 1995 | 8562058 |
| equine pulmonary disease: a case control study of 300 referred cases. part 2: details of animals and of historical and clinical findings. | examination of historical and clinical details of 270 adult horses suffering from a variety of mainly chronic pulmonary diseases showed that the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) group (median age 9 years) were the oldest, and that the copd, chronic idiopathic hypoxaemia and exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (eiph) groups had the longest duration of disease (median durations 7, 12 and 9 months, respectively) with a median disease duration of 2 months for the remaining horses. a h ... | 1995 | 8565938 |
| inverted repeats are necessary for circularization of the mouse testis sry transcript. | circular non-polyadenylated rna molecules have been identified as stable transcription products of the human ets-1 and mouse sry genes. rna circularization has been proposed to require two steps. the first step utilizes intramolecular base pairing to produce a transient stem-loop structure. the second step involves splicing a downstream donor splice site (dss) to a now closely appositioned upstream acceptor splice site (ass) within the loop. we demonstrate that the presence of long inverted repe ... | 1995 | 8566785 |
| the argg gene of streptomyces clavuligerus has low homology to unstable argg from other actinomycetes: effect of amplification on clavulanic acid biosynthesis. | the argg gene of streptomyces clavuligerus (scl) has been cloned by complementation of argg mutants of escherichia coli and s. lividans (sl). the argg nucleotide (nt) sequence showed that it corresponds to a new type of argg different from the corresponding genes of s. coelicolor (sco) and sl. it encodes a 43,250-da protein that showed higher similarity to argininosuccinate synthetases (ass) from methanococcus vannielii and methanosarcina barkeri than to ass deduced from other streptomyces argg. ... | 1995 | 8566818 |
| [response to the letter by k. schrör on: prevention of reinfarction with 100 mg or 30 mg ass daily]. | | 1995 | 8578789 |
| [aspirin dosage for prevention of cerebral infarct: arguments for low dosage]. | acetylsalicylic acid (ass) is one of the best examined substances used in secondary prevention after tia and stroke. since different strategies and measurement variables were used in numerous randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (one end-variable, such as non-fatal stroke, myocardium infarction and vascular mortality, or combined end-variables, such as tia, stroke and death), meta-analysis was necessary to prove that ass resulted in about 22% reduction of secondary stroke. there ... | 1995 | 8584072 |
| [dna fingerprinting in wild equid and poitou ass breeding]. | | 1995 | 8584876 |
| sexual and in-contact transmission of asinine strain of equine arteritis virus among donkeys. | two in a group of five naturally seropositive donkey stallions were found to shed equine arteritis virus (eav) in their semen as demonstrated by virus isolation. direct intramuscular inoculation of sonicated semen from one virus-shedding stallion (s3) caused clinical disease in two donkeys from which virus was recovered and in which seroconversion was detected. sexual transmission was confirmed in two mares mated to s3 when after a febrile response during which eav was isolated from huffy coats ... | 1995 | 8586720 |
| cyanide poisoning in two donkeys. | in november 1994 2 donkeys died acutely in a pasture at danby, new york. at necropsy at the new york state college of veterinary medicine, cornell university, no significant gross or histopathological lesions were found in either donkey. after the death of the second donkey, a toxic cause was suggested. stomach contents submitted for toxicologic analysis from the second donkey were positive for cyanide. together with the history and clinical signs, this result provided the basis for a diagnosis ... | 1995 | 8588299 |
| pharmacokinetics, intramuscular bio-availability, and bioequivalence of amoxycillin in donkeys. | the disposition kinetics of intravenously (i.v.) administered amoxycillin sodium (10 mg/kg) was determined in four adult donkeys. the elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) of 47.3 +/- 5.1 min, the apparent volume of distribution (varea) of 0.325 +/- 0.093 l/kg and the total body clearance (clb) of 4.76 +/- 1.33 ml/min.kg were very close to the corresponding values reported for the horse injected i.v. with amoxycillin sodium. it was evident that because of the rapid rate of drug elimination, limited ... | 1995 | 8592903 |
| prevalence in india of dermatophilus congolensis infection in clinical specimens from animals and humans. | a total of 257 samples (from 51 cattle, 43 buffalo, 32 goats, 25 dogs, 23 horses, 14 fowl, 9 camels, 7 rabbits, 5 donkeys, 4 antelopes, 3 pigs, 2 monkeys, 1 bear and 38 humans, all with cutaneous disorders) were examined for the presence of dermatophilus congolensis using standard microbiological techniques. dermatophilus was identified in 14 specimens (5.45%) both by direct microscopy and by cultural isolation of the pathogen from cutaneous specimens. the infection was recorded in 2 humans, 6 c ... | 1995 | 8593415 |
| intra- and inter-observer agreement of brain mri lesion volume measurements in multiple sclerosis. a comparison of techniques. | the measurement of mri lesion load in multiple sclerosis is increasingly being used to evaluate the natural history of the disease and to monitor the efficacy of treatments. if, as might occur in multicentre studies, lesion load is measured by several observers in different patients or by the same observer in serial scans, it would be necessary to utilize a technique which provides results with high inter- and intra-observer agreements. this study was performed to evaluate the intra- and inter-o ... | 1995 | 8595488 |
| glutamine increases argininosuccinate synthetase mrna levels in rat hepatocytes. the involvement of cell swelling. | glutamine, one of the most efficient substrates in the urea cycle, was found to induce the accumulation of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) mrna in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. the inducing action of glutamine was obtained at various stages of development and a half-maximal effect was observed at about 3 mm glutamine. this effect was apparent from 6 h and persisted for at least 48 h. nh4cl addition up to 5 mm did not significantly change the ass mrna level. like glutamine, hypoosmotic med ... | 1996 | 8617286 |
| inhibition of borrelia burgdorferi-bound fibrinolytic enzymes by alpha2-antiplasmin, pai-1 and pai-2. | lyme disease is caused by borrelia burgdorferi. human plasminogen and urokinase-type plasminogen activator bind to the surface of the spirochete where plasmin is generated. we have suggested that bound urokinase and plasminogen are utilized by the organism to disseminate. we tested whether the physiological inhibitors of urokinase, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and -2 (pai-1, pai-2), could regulate the activity of spirochete-bound urokinase. the k(ass) of pai-1 and pai-2 for bound urokinase ... | 1996 | 8645243 |
| inhibition of neutrophil elastase by the alpha1-proteinase inhibitor-immunoglobulin a complex. | neutrophil elastase is thought to be involved in cartilage destruction occurring in rheumatoid arthritis despite the local presence of alpha1-proteinase inhibitor. part of synovial fluid alpha1-proteinase inhibitor forms a mixed disulfide with immunoglobulin a, which has been postulated to lack inhibitory activity. we show here that the immunoglobulin-inhibitor complex tightly inhibits neutrophil elastase and cathepsin g, bovine pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin, and porcine pancreatic elastas ... | 1996 | 8647251 |
| if you assume, you can make an ass out of u and me': a decade of the disector for stereological counting of particles in 3d space. | the year 1984 was a watershed in stereology. it saw the introduction of highly efficient and unbiased design-based methods for counting the number of arbitrary objects in 3-dimensional (3d) space using 2d sectional images. the only requirement is that the objects be unambiguously identifiable on parallel sections or successive focal planes. the move away from the ¿assumption-based' and ¿model-based' methods applied previously has been a major scientific advance. it has led to the resolution of s ... | 1996 | 8655396 |
| simulation studies of african horse sickness and culicoides imicola (diptera:ceratopogonidae). | a simulation model of african horse sickness in spain was developed to investigate what factors affect the likelihood of an epidemic after the introduction of the virus. the model included 2 host species (horses and donkeys) and 1 vector species (culicoides imicola kieffer). latin hypercube sampling was used for sensitivity analysis of the model, to include uncertainty in parameter estimates. in general, if an epidemic occurred most hosts were infected. the peak prevalence in midges was low, and ... | 1996 | 8667377 |
| cloning and analysis of the cdna for the common alpha-subunit of the donkey pituitary glycoprotein hormones. | reverse transcription-pcr was used to clone the coding region of the donkey (equus asinus) glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit transcript from pituitary gland rna. the donkey alpha-subunit sequence demonstrated considerable identity with the horse (97% at the nucleotide level), confirming the very close evolutionary linkage between these two species. the predicted amino acid sequence revealed that the donkey alpha-subunit has the same unusual c-terminus as the horse alpha-subunit, when compared w ... | 1996 | 8672238 |
| [distribution of borna disease virus in naturally infected animals with clinical disease]. | borna disease (bd) is a naturally occurring enzootic encephalomyelitis of horses and sheep. the aetiological agent, borna disease virus (bdv) is an unclassified, neurotropic, negative stranded rna virus. the study aimed at providing further information on bd of naturally infected animals. samples obtained from 20 animals (18 horses, 1 donkey, 1 sheep) were investigated by a series of virological and molecular biological tests. the highly sensitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ... | 1996 | 8694747 |
| remotely delivered immunocontraception in free-roaming feral burros (equus asinus). | regulation of local overpopulations of free-roaming feral equids is in demand worldwide for ecological balance and habitat preservation. contraceptive vaccines have proven effective in feral horses, which breed seasonally, but no data are available for equids such as the burro, which is reproductively active all year round. in the present study, 27 individually identified female feral burros (equus asinus) roaming free in virgin islands national park (st john, us virgin islands; lesser antilles) ... | 1996 | 8699431 |
| enzymatic properties and inhibition by single-stranded autonomously replicating sequences of adenylosuccinate synthase from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | adenylosuccinate synthase (ass) from saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown to bind specifically to the t-rich side of the autonomously replicating sequence (ars) core consensus sequence [zeidler, r., hobert, o., johannes, l., faulhammer, h. & krauss, g. (1993) j. biol. chem. 268, 20191-20197]. we have cloned and sequenced the gene for ass and have studied in detail the enzymatic properties and dna-binding activity of ass. the deduced amino acid sequence of the yeast ass is highly similar to th ... | 1996 | 8706758 |
| [identification and diagnosis of taylorella equigenitalis by a dna amplification method (pcr)]. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for identification of taylorella equigenitalis was developed. the oligonucleotide primers are based on the dna sequence of the rrs gene of t. equigenitalis, encoding for the 16s ribosomal rna. analysis of 21 strains of t. equigenitalis from england, usa and switzerland showed an amplification product of 410 bp with identical sau3a restriction profile. the sensitivity of the pcr-assay was estimated to detect 50 to 500 bacteria of t. equigenitalis in a mixture wit ... | 1996 | 8721184 |
| ["arbitrarily primed pcr". or: chance in the service of science]. | "arbitrarily primed pcr" (ap-pcr) methods are based on the amplification of dna with arbitrarily selected primers. in the present review article two selected applications of this methodical approach are summarized. using the rapd ("random amplified polymorphic dna") technique the genetic variability of different organisms can be analyzed by generating a genomic fingerprint. echinococcus granulosus isolates (metacestodes) from spain and switzerland were comparatively characterized by the use of t ... | 1996 | 8721188 |
| nucleotide sequence of exons 5 to 9 of the p53 tumour-suppressor gene of the horse (equus caballus). | an evolutionary conserved 1.3 kb fragment corresponding to the horse p53 tumour suppressor gene was pcr amplified, cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. the p53 fragment encoded exons 5 to 9 and the intervening introns. the nucleotide sequence and the predicted aminoacid sequence showed a high level of homology with human and donkey p53 sequences. | 1996 | 8722575 |
| pathogenetic mechanism and prevalence of the stable atlantoaxial subluxation in rheumatoid arthritis. | to study the pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for and prevalence of stable atlantoaxial subluxation (aas). | 1996 | 8724293 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone in the donkey. | | 1996 | 8735424 |
| dehydration and rehydration in donkeys: the role of the hind gut as a water reservoir. | body fluid distribution was measured in three donkeys, fully hydrated, following dehydration and after being rapidly rehydrated. in twenty other donkeys that were slaughtered to supply food for predators in a safari zoo, the water content in the different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract (git) was assessed. prior to being slaughtered, four of the animals were fully hydrated, four dehydrated and 12 dehydrated, rehydrated and then slaughtered and examined, four at 1, for at 3 and four at ... | 1994 | 8736073 |
| nucleotide sequence of exons 5 to 9 of the p53 tumour-suppressor gene of the donkey (equus asinus). | the evolutionary conserved region of the equine homologue of the p53 gene from the donkey genome was pcr amplified and cloned. the 1380 bp fragment consisted of exons 5 to 9 and the intervening introns. the exonic and intronic dna sequences showed a variable but high level of homology with previously published human sequences. the aminoacid sequences corresponding to the evolutionary conserved domains ii, iii, and v were identical to the human regions, whilst domain iv was 96% homologous. | 1995 | 8746464 |
| [argininosuccinate synthetase (ass)]. | | 1995 | 8753462 |
| failure of endometrial cup development in the donkey-in-horse model of equine abortion. | the mature preinvasive chorionic girdles of horse, mule, donkey and extraspecies donkey-in-horse conceptuses, and the very young endometrial cups on d 37 of gestation in mares carrying horse, mule and transferred donkey-in-horse conceptuses, were compared histologically and ultrastructurally to determine possible mechanisms underlying failure of endometrial cup development in the donkey-in-horse model of equine abortion. the progenitor chorionic girdle from the failing donkey-in-house pregnancy ... | 1996 | 8763475 |
| [paramphostomid infestation in equids in egypt]. | the investigation of 156 donkeys in the area of the veterinary faculty of the tanta university in kafr el-sheikh showed that 49 animals (31.41%) were infected with trematodes, 34 donkeys (21.80%) served as hosts for gastrodiscus aegyptiacus, 22 (14.10%) were infected with fasciola gigantica und 7 (4.49%) with both trematodes. 6 of 40 examined horses (15.0%) showed monoinfections with g. aegyptiacus only. because of the fragmentary knowledge on these paramphistomides of equids, some aspects conce ... | 1996 | 8765538 |
| [dysmenorrhea]. | primary dysmenorrhea is very frequent in ovulating women; it can even become a disease. in some cases, but not always, it is preceded by premenstrual tensions. secondary dysmenorrhoea should be clearly differentiated, because it is a symptom of uterine abnormalities or adnexal diseases, whereas primary dysmenorrhoea is an entity in itself. the most frequent cause of secondary dysmenorrhoea is endometriosis. dysmenorrhea membranacea is a rare event, but should not be forgotten. primary dysmenorrh ... | 1996 | 8767549 |
| [malaria knowledge and practice. medical study in songhay-zarma (niger)]. | two randomized studies were performed in 1992 and 1994 in the niger river valley where malaria transmission is thought to be permanent and is reinforced during the rainy season. the sample covered 114 families either in niamey, the capital of niger, or in karma, a rural village 20 km to the west, and its surroundings. the questionnaire contained closed and open questions on the perception of malaria causes, treatment and prevention, including the use of mosquito bed nets. most of the 114 familie ... | 1995 | 8777545 |
| characterization of human wild-type and mutant argininosuccinate synthetase proteins expressed in bacterial cells. | argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) is a urea cycle enzyme with a tetrameric structure composed of identical subunits. citrullinemia is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a deficiency of ass. we have previously identified 20 mutations in ass mrna of human classical citrullinemia. however, it is difficult to evaluate the effects of each mutation on the enzyme structure and function, since most of the patients are compound heterozygotes. in the present study, wild-type ass and 12 mutant asss ... | 1994 | 8792870 |