| studies on hindered phenols and analogues. v. synthesis, identification, and antidiabetic activity of the glucuronide of cs-045. | the glucuronide of a new oral antidiabetic agent, (+/-)-5-[4-(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl- methoxy)benzyl]thiazolidine-2,4-dione (cs-045) (1), was synthesized to confirm the structure of a metabolite in monkeys (macaca fascicularis) and to examine its antidiabetic activity. the glucuronide also had antidiabetic activity in kk-mice. | 1991 | 1797433 |
| application of an enzyme immunoassay for detecting antibodies in sera of macaca fascicularis naturally exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for detecting mycobacterial antibodies in the sera of 22 macaca fascicularis following a natural outbreak of tuberculosis. eias were conducted using four antigens (lysozyme, triton, or deoxycholate extracts of mycobacterium tuberculosis or a purified protein derivative) and two conjugates (protein a or antihuman). mycobacterial antibodies were detected in two of two culture-positive monkeys, in nine of ten tuberculin test-suspect monkeys (culture-negativ ... | 1991 | 1803012 |
| alteration of primate ovary surface epithelium by exposure to hexachlorobenzene: a quantitative study. | hexachlorobenzene (hcb) is a fungicide and a pollutant of increasing concern in industrialized regions of the world. reproductive failure is one of the effects of hcb upon mammals. alteration of cell shape in the ovary surface epithelium (ose) of cynomolgus monkeys following oral administration of hcb was observed in this study. at the lowest dose used, 0.1 mg/kg body weight, a dosage that is associated with follicular degeneration, hcb caused quantifiable changes in length-to-width ratios of os ... | 1991 | 1804430 |
| density of gastroendocrine cells in cynomolgus monkey and other species. | | 1991 | 1805771 |
| early folliculogenesis in primate ovaries: testing the role of estrogen. | the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an exogenous estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (des), on follicle development in the ovary of a juvenile primate. the immature cynomolgus monkey (12-22 mo) was used as a model since ovaries at this age lack endogenous gonadotropin support but are capable of responding to exogenous hormonal stimulation. in addition, the pituitary gland receives virtually no gnrh stimulation and under these conditions lacks responsiveness to estrogen feedback. two ... | 1991 | 1805992 |
| pharmacokinetics of glq223 in rats, monkeys, and patients with aids or aids-related complex. | the pharmacokinetics of glq223 administered as a single short intravenous infusion to rats, monkeys, and patients with aids or aids-related complex (arc) are presented. glq223 was given at a dose of 3,500 micrograms/kg of body weight to five sprague-dawley rats; a dose of 300 micrograms/kg was given to three cynomolgus monkeys; and doses of 1, 8, 16, 24, and 36 micrograms/kg were given to 10 patients with aids and 8 patients with arc in an escalating dose design. plasma clearance was 0.85 +/- 0. ... | 1991 | 1810186 |
| role of ldl subfraction heterogeneity in the reduced binding of low density lipoproteins to arterial proteoglycans in cynomolgus monkeys fed a fish oil diet. | previous studies using cynomolgus monkeys have shown that isocaloric substitution of dietary fish oil for lard reduced the in vitro binding of plasma low density lipoproteins (ldl) to arterial proteoglycans (pg) (edwards, i.j., a.k. gebre, w. d. wagner, and j. s. parks. 1991. arterioscler. thromb., 11: 1778-1785). the purpose of the present study was to determine whether all ldl subfractions were equally affected by the type of dietary fat with regard to pg binding and to identify compositional ... | 1991 | 1816328 |
| accuracy and precision of lumbar bone mineral content by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in live female monkeys. | dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) was used to determine the in vivo bone mineral content (bmc) of lumbar vertebrae in 20 feral adult female cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis). the ash weight of the third lumbar vertebra (l3) was compared to the measured l3bmc of the in vivo dxa analyses. correlation between the estimated l3bmc by dxa and the actual ash weight was significant (r = 0.965, p less than 0.01); however, dxa methodology underestimated ash weight on the average of 6.2%. corr ... | 1991 | 1818771 |
| a pharmacodynamic study of the renin inhibitor sr 43,845, administered intratracheally in conscious cynomolgus monkeys. | | 1991 | 1819002 |
| effects of oestrogens and progestogens on coronary atherosclerosis and osteoporosis of monkeys. | we have used the cynomolgus macaque as a model for the study of the effects of endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones on atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. as in human beings, premenopausal female cynomolgus macaques develop much less extensive coronary artery atherosclerosis than their male counterparts. furthermore, surgical menopause results in a more atherogenic plasma lipoprotein pattern and an approximate doubling of atherosclerosis extent. frequent pregnancy, a hyperoestrogenic stat ... | 1991 | 1822826 |
| review of sarcocystosis in malaysia. | sarcocystis is a tissue coccidian with an obligatory two-host life cycle. the sexual generations of gametogony and sporogony occur in the lamina propria of the small intestine of definitive hosts which shed infective sporocysts in their stools and present with intestinal sarcocystosis. asexual multiplication occurs in the skeletal and cardiac muscles of intermediate hosts which harbor sarcocystis cysts in their muscles and present with muscular sarcocystosis. in malaysia, sarcocystis cysts have ... | 1991 | 1822870 |
| immunosuppressive effect and toxicity of 15-deoxyspergualin in cynomolgus monkey. | | 1991 | 1824990 |
| the effect of chronic oral methadone treatment on monkey chorionic gonadotropin, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, progesterone, prolactin and cortisol levels during pregnancy in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). | the effect of chronic methadone treatment upon the serum levels of estradiol (e2), progesterone (p), prolactin (prl), monkey chorionic gonadotropin (mcg), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (dheas) and cortisol (c) in pregnant cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) is described in comparison with the hormone levels in a control group. only dheas was significantly decreased in late pregnancy in the methadone group. from these data it can not be concluded that methadone treatment compromises (feto)p ... | 1991 | 1825302 |
| medroxyprogesterone acetate and the nuclear uptake of testosterone and its metabolites by brain, pituitary gland and genital tract in male cynomolgus monkeys. | the synthetic progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate (mpa), is used to treat male sex offenders, and it is also suppresses sexual activity in male monkeys. to examine the possibility that mpa may act as an anti-androgen in the primate brain, 4 intact male cynomolgus monkeys were given mpa (40 mg i.m.) once a week for 16 weeks, while 4 control males received i.m. injections of vehicle. all males were then castrated and 3 days later were given 3 mci [3h]testosterone ([3h]t) i.v.; 1 h after injecti ... | 1991 | 1825470 |
| experimental immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis in the nonhuman primate. | this study was undertaken to develop a model of immune complex (ic)-mediated glomerulonephritis (gn) in the nonhuman primate that could be used in subsequent studies to examine critically the role of the erythrocyte complement receptor (e-cr) in the pathogenesis of ic-mediated disease. cynomolgus monkeys were chosen for study because they constitutively express e-cr levels that are either less than, equal to, or greater than that seen in normal man. after immunization with bovine gamma globulin ... | 1991 | 1825859 |
| effect of region-of-interest in computerized densitometric analysis of radiographs. | the region-of-interest (roi) in computer-assisted densitometric image analysis (cadia) is defined by its size and location. this study evaluated the effects of these variables on two quantitative parameters, the change in density and the area with change in density. pairs of radiographs for these analyses were obtained from sites with "no change" or "known loss" in cynomolgus monkeys during a study of ligature-induced periodontitis. the size and location of the roi had clear effects on the two c ... | 1991 | 1826524 |
| plasma lipoprotein(a) concentration is controlled by apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) protein size and the abundance of hepatic apo(a) mrna in a cynomolgus monkey model. | the cynomolgus macaque was used as a model to study lipoprotein(a) (lp(a)). antibodies to lp(a) were used in ouchterlony and western blot analysis to show that cynomolgus monkey and human lp(a) were similar immunochemically. monkey lp(a) levels were measured by a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 117 animals, and lp(a) varied in concentration from 1 to 64 mg/dl. individual monkeys had apo(a) glycoprotein sizes as either single- or double-band phenotypes that ranged from ... | 1991 | 1830309 |
| diabetes induction and pancreatic transplantation in the cynomolgus monkey: methodological considerations. | the aim of this study was to develop a model for pancreatic transplantation in the primate in order to test a new immunosuppressive drug. initially, streptozotocin was used to induce insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, but it was found to be ineffective and associated with a high morbidity. furthermore, streptozotocin-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus did not always persist, thus invalidating the evaluation of pancreatic graft function. therefore, total pancreatectomy was introduced a ... | 1991 | 1832863 |
| effects of atrial natriuretic factor (anf) on intraocular pressure and aqueous humor flow in the cynomolgus monkey. | atrial natriuretic factor (anf: human sequence) was examined for its effects on basal and terbutaline-stimulated aqueous humor flow, intraocular pressure (iop) and uveoscleral outflow in cynomolgus monkeys under pentobarbital anesthesia. a dilution method with radioactively labeled albumin was used for the determination of aqueous humor flow. anf was given by i.v. infusion or intracamerally. intracameral administration of terbutaline increased the aqueous humor flow significantly; 1.10 +/- 0.05 ... | 1991 | 1833216 |
| medroxyprogesterone acetate, aggression, and sexual behavior in male cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). | medroxyprogesterone acetate (mpa) is used clinically to treat male sex offenders, but there are conflicting reports about its effects on aggression. to investigate these matters in a nonhuman primate, four intact male cynomolgus monkeys were studied in a testing paradigm that involved the presence of a caged, aggression-arousing stimulus male either immediately before or during a pair-test with an ovariectomized, untreated female partner. after two 4-week periods of pretreatment baseline, males ... | 1991 | 1834539 |
| regional differences in the orbicularis oculi muscle: conservation between species. | the orbicularis oculi muscle is a complex facial muscle involved in eyelid closure. the central parts of pretarsal and preseptal regions of the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi muscle in rabbit and cynomolgus monkey lower eyelids were examined histologically and were analyzed for muscle fiber number, muscle fiber cross-sectional area and fiber type composition. distinct regional differences were seen in the muscle fiber composition in these two regions of the muscle. the pretarsal portion ... | 1991 | 1834804 |
| effect of hydrotropic substances on the complexation of sparingly soluble drugs with cyclodextrin derivatives and the influence of cyclodextrin complexation on the pharmacokinetics of the drugs. | the influence of hydrotropic compounds on complex formation by 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (2-hp-beta-cd) was investigated with methyltestosterone (met). various representatives of the lyotropic series were used for this purpose. additive hydrotropic effects were observed for nicotinamide and urea, which disrupt the water structure, while structure formers such as sorbitol exerted negative effects. the effects of hydrotropic substances on the phase solubility relationship of met showed tha ... | 1991 | 1834826 |
| a comparative pet-study of five carbon-11 or fluorine-18 labelled salicylamides. preparation and in vitro dopamine d-2 receptor binding. | five 11c- or 18f-labelled salicylamides ([11c]raclopride (i), [11c]eticlopride (ii), [18f]ncq 258 (iii), [18f]ncq 134 (iv) and [18f]ncq 135 (v] were prepared. the total radiochemical yields of i-v from eob were 3-30% (decay-corrected) with an overall synthesis time of 40-110 min. all compounds were isolated by semi-preparative hplc and the radiochemical purity was greater than 99%. i-v were in separate experiments injected into cynomolgus monkeys for pet-examination of ligand distribution in bra ... | 1991 | 1839303 |
| recombinant human soluble cd4 does not inhibit immune function in cynomolgus monkeys. | recombinant soluble cd4 (st4) has been shown to inhibit infectivity of hiv. because of the role cd4 plays in the interaction of t-helper lymphocytes and cells bearing mhc class ii antigens, a potential adverse effect of therapy with st4 is interference with lymphocyte function. to address this issue, we studied the effects of st4 on mitogen-mediated blastogenesis, mixed lymphocyte reactions, and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions (dth) in cynomolgus monkeys. we found no evidence of st4-medi ... | 1991 | 1840460 |
| an attempt to predict anergy in tuberculosis suspect cynomolgus monkeys. | acid-fast microorganisms were identified from the tuberculous lesions of a male cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). twenty-two other cynomolgus monkeys housed in the same room were presumed exposed to tuberculosis (mycobacterium spp.). in addition to standard intradermal (id) tuberculin testing, clinicians attempted to evaluate the immune status of these monkeys in order to identify animals exhibiting false negative (anergy) id tuberculin tests. twenty-one of the potentially exposed monkeys ... | 1991 | 1849589 |
| heart-lung xenotransplantation in primates. | heart and heart-lung xenografts are a potential solution to the shortage of donors. concern over the adequacy of conventional immunosuppression in prevention of xenograft rejection, however, has hindered their use. cyclosporine has not been successful in suppressing the rejection process in cardiac xenotransplantation, and other methods of immunosuppression need to be investigated. therefore we studied the effect of preoperative total lymphoid irradiation (tli) in combination with cyclosporine i ... | 1991 | 1854771 |
| animal pharmacokinetics and interspecies scaling of fce 22101, a penem antibiotic. | the pharmacokinetics of fce 22101 were studied in rats, rabbits, cynomolgus monkeys and dogs after intravenous administration. pertinent pharmacokinetic parameters were determined according to a two-compartment model and correlated among species as an exponential function of body weight, thereby allowing an estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters corresponding to a 70 kg man. allometric equations, including data on humans reported in the literature, were also established and used to study simil ... | 1991 | 1856130 |
| growth hormone (gh) responses to the hexapeptide gh-releasing peptide and gh-releasing hormone (ghrh) in the cynomolgus macaque: evidence for non-ghrh-mediated responses. | gh-releasing peptide (ghrp; his-d-trp-ala-trp-d-phe-lys-nh2), a hexapeptide derived from enkephalin, has been shown to have gh-releasing activity in man and several animal species. to characterize the ghrp dose-response curve and compare it with that of gh-releasing hormone [ghrh-(1-44)nh2], six unanesthetized young adult cynomolgus macaques were tested with a range of iv doses of ghrp or ghrh in random order. animals were fitted with vests and tethers. blood samples were obtained before and at ... | 1991 | 1856262 |
| cortical post-spike facilitations in elbow muscles during isometric contraction. | averaged responses of elbow muscles to action potentials of 37 single motor cortex cells were analyzed in two macaca fascicularis monkeys during performance of a submaximal but high level isometric contraction. post-spike facilitations (psfs) of the rectified electromyographic activity (emg) were frequently (72%) observed. they consisted of psfs largely distributed in agonistic (biceps brachii and brachioradialis) and antagonistic (triceps brachii) muscles. some post-spike inhibitions (7%) were ... | 1991 | 1857557 |
| experimental evaluation of a phakic anterior chamber implant in a primate model. part i. clinical observations. | anterior chamber intraocular lenses were implanted in phakic cynomolgus monkey eyes and followed clinically over two years. significant observations included erosion and/or uveal envelopment of the haptic and a decrease in endothelial cell counts. there was good positional stability, no significant inflammation, initial ocular hypotension that returned to normal intraocular pressure, and no evidence of cataracts or cystoid macular edema. | 1991 | 1861249 |
| reduced immunogenicity and improved pharmacokinetics of humanized anti-tac in cynomolgus monkeys. | the anti-tac mab has been shown to bind to the p55 chain of the il-2r, block il-2 binding and inhibit t cell proliferation. a humanized form of anti-tac (hat) has been constructed that retains the binding properties of murine anti-tac (mat). these two mab were evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys to compare relative immunogenicity and pharmacokinetic properties. monkeys treated with hat daily for 14 days exhibited anti-hat antibody titers which were 5- to 10-fold lower than their mat-treated counterp ... | 1991 | 1869828 |
| convergence of phrenic and cardiopulmonary spinal afferent information on cervical and thoracic spinothalamic tract neurons in the monkey: implications for referred pain from the diaphragm and heart. | 1. spinothalamic tract (stt) neurons in the c3-t6 spinal segments were studied for their responses to stimulation of phrenic and cardiopulmonary spinal afferent fibers. a total of 142 stt neurons were studied in 44 anesthetized, paralyzed monkeys (macaca fascicularis). all neurons were antidromically activated from the ventroposterolateral nucleus and/or medial thalamus. 2. electrical stimulation of phrenic afferent fibers (phr) excited 43/58 (74%), inhibited 2/58 (3%), and did not affect 13/58 ... | 1991 | 1869904 |
| etiology of cerebral vasospasm in primates. | a primate model was used to determine whether oxyhemoglobin (oxyhb), methemoglobin (methb), or bilirubin is likely to be responsible for cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah). forty cynomolgus monkeys were randomly assigned to one of five groups. on day 0, each animal underwent angiography followed by right craniectomy and placement of an ommaya reservoir with its catheter adjacent to the right middle cerebral artery (mca). the animals received intrathecal injections twice a ... | 1991 | 1869943 |
| antiovulatory action of anordrin in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). | anordrin (2 alpha, 17 alpha-diethynyl-a-nor-5 alpha-androstane-2 beta, 17 beta-diol dipropionate) was studied for its antiovulatory potency in the cynomolgus monkey. anordrin, administered daily on days 9-13 of the menstrual cycle in doses of 4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg body weight, did not inhibit luteal activity in the cycle in which it was given, but delayed the development of ovarian follicles for 5 to 6 months. when a single low dose (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg b.w.) was administered during the first 3 days of ... | 1991 | 1872194 |
| mechanisms of contraction induced by human leukocytes in normal and atherosclerotic arteries. | activation of leukocytes results in the release of a variety of vasoactive substances that may modulate vascular tone. we studied the effect of human polymorphonuclear (pmn) and mononuclear (mono) leukocytes on quiescent femoral arteries in vitro. arteries were obtained from normal and atherosclerotic cynomolgus monkeys. in normal arteries, stimulation of pmns (3 and 5 x 10(6) cells/ml) with either thrombin (5 units/ml) or complement c5a (0.5 micrograms/ml) resulted in endothelium-independent co ... | 1991 | 1873879 |
| effects of hyperlipaemic serum on interleukin-2 (il-2) production, il-2 receptor expression, and t cell proliferation induced by il-2 in cynomolgus monkeys. | the effect of hyperlipaemic serum on mitogen-induced t lymphocyte proliferation was investigated with cynomolgus monkeys. the mitogen-induced blastogenesis was remarkably inhibited when either hyperlipaemic or normal monkey lymphocytes were incubated with hyperlipaemic sera. hyperlipaemic serum also inhibited cona-induced interleukin 2 (il-2) production as well as il-2 receptor (il-2r) expression of normal monkey lymphocytes. on the other hand, it showed slight inhibition of t-cell proliferation ... | 1991 | 1875552 |
| beneficial effects of nicotine administered prior to a delayed matching-to-sample task in young and aged monkeys. | our earlier studies have demonstrated that administration of low micrograms/kg doses of nicotine to young adult monkeys prior to a delayed matching-to-sample (dmts) task resulted in a centrally mediated improvement in performance of the task, particularly when delay intervals which most greatly challenged the animal's capabilities were involved. the present study confirmed these findings using a completely computer driven and automated procedure. in addition, performance on the dmts was observed ... | 1991 | 1876228 |
| the role of the adenylyl cyclase system in the regulation of corpus luteum function in the human and in nonhuman primates. | we have reviewed the properties of luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropic (lh/hcg)-sensitive adenylyl cyclase (ac) of human corpus luteum (cl) and its regulation by several hormones and nonhormonal activators. we have also described the changes in enzyme activity in membrane preparations of human and cynomolgus monkey cl obtained at various stages of the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. the data have been analyzed with respect to the functional status of the luteal tissue and to the spec ... | 1991 | 1877064 |
| body fat distribution affects responses to high fat cholesterol containing diet in male cynomolgus monkeys. | | 1991 | 1878014 |
| dose-related effects of prostaglandin f2 alpha isopropylester on intraocular pressure, refraction, and pupil diameter in monkeys. | topical application of prostaglandin f2 alpha (pgf2 alpha) to the eye reduces intraocular pressure (iop) in all mammalian species studied thus far, including humans. the l-isopropylester derivative is currently the one most commonly used in experimental and clinical studies. dose-response relationships were determined between pgf2 alpha-ie and iop, pupillary diameter, and refraction in ketamine-anesthetized ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. single doses of 10 and 30 micrograms had smaller ... | 1991 | 1878020 |
| an anatomical study of the origin of sympathetic and sensory innervation of the elbow and knee joint in the monkey. | the origin of sympathetic and sensory innervation of the elbow and knee joint was studied by the intra-axonal transport method. after injection of wga-hrp into the elbow and knee joint unilaterally in adult monkeys (macaca fascicularis), labelled cells were observed ipsilaterally in both the sympathetic and dorsal root ganglia. following injection in the elbow joint the neurons were concentrated in the stellate and third to fourth thoracic (t3-t4) sympathetic ganglia, and in the fourth cervical ... | 1991 | 1881630 |
| loss of flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation occurs early in the development of atherosclerosis. | healthy arteries exhibit endothelium-dependent dilation in response to both local acetylcholine and increased blood flow. in humans, clinically overt coronary artery disease is characterized by loss of dilation to both acetylcholine and blood flow. the temporal relation, however, between functional abnormalities of the endothelium and the development of atherosclerosis has not been established. | 1991 | 1884452 |
| hypertension sustains plaque progression despite reduction of hypercholesterolemia. | to assess the effect of hypertension on diet-induced coronary artery plaques after a return to a nonatherogenic diet, 10 cynomolgus monkeys were fed an induction regimen containing 2% cholesterol and 25% peanut oil for 6 months and then were subjected to midthoracic aortic coarctation to induce hypertension. the animals were then fed a nonatherogenic "prudent" ration for 6 additional months (hypertension-regression group). twelve additional monkeys were fed the atherogenic diet for 6 months; six ... | 1991 | 1885220 |
| preference of old world monkeys for amino acids and other gustatory stimuli: the influence of monosodium glutamate. | monosodium glutamate (msg) is widely considered to enhance the flavor of beef, chicken, fish, and vegetables. this effect may be due to the interaction of glutamate with free amino acids or other basic taste stimuli present in these foods. a single-bottle test was used in order to test the preference of old world monkeys for an extended array of gustatory stimuli individually and in combination with msg. six male cynomolgus monkeys, maintained on an 18-h water deprivation schedule, were given 30 ... | 1991 | 1886944 |
| parasympathetic denervation of the ciliary muscle following panretinal photocoagulation. | cynomolgus monkeys underwent unilateral panretinal scatter photocoagulation (prp) and/or nasal and temporal horizontal retinal meridional photocoagulation (hrmp) with xenon arc or argon or krypton laser light. shortly thereafter, in the prp-treated eyes, accommodative responsiveness to topical eserine and electrical stimulation of the edinger-westphal nucleus (ewn) was diminished, accommodative responsiveness to intramuscular (i.m.) pilocarpine was enhanced, and the number of muscarinic receptor ... | 1991 | 1889229 |
| histologic evaluation of the pulpal response to temperature probe placement in the macaca fascicularis monkey. | a method to measure intrapulpal temperatures during cavity preparation and restorative procedures has been developed. it involves placement of temperature probes to the dentinoenamel and dentinopulpal junctions. after placement of the probes, the pulps of the test teeth were examined histologically to determine whether their placement caused a pulpal response. the test teeth displayed no adverse response in the areas of the pulp opposite or adjacent to the position of the probes. therefore the d ... | 1991 | 1891228 |
| [experimental hepatitis e infection in piglets]. | a sample of patient's faeces containing virus-like particles (vlp) of 27-34 nm was obtained during an outbreak of hepatitis e in the kirghiz ssr. the identity of the vlp to hepatitis e virus and etiological association with the disease were demonstrated by immune electron microscopy and infection of macaca fascicularis monkeys. this isolate of hepatitis e virus is able to induce experimental infection in domestic piglets which was very similar to experimental hepatitis e in primates when infecte ... | 1991 | 1891876 |
| shigella flexneri infection: a histopathologic study of colonic biopsies in monkeys infected with virulent and attenuated bacterial strains. | macaca fascicularis monkeys were orally infected with live virulent shigella flexneri wild-type strains of either serotype y (s. flexneri sfl1), 2a (s. flexneri m4243) or 1b (s. flexneri sfl27). clinical signs of shigellosis varied from mild watery diarrhea (sfl1) to dysentery (m4243, sfl27), with a fatal outcome in two monkeys (sfl27). colonoscopy showed slight pathologic changes in monkeys infected with sfl1, and pronounced changes in monkeys infected with sfl27. in colonic biopsies the most s ... | 1991 | 1892634 |
| additive combination studies of captopril and ditekiren, a renin inhibitor, in nonhuman primates. | additive combination studies of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor, captopril, and a renin inhibitor, ditekiren (u-71038), were carried out in conscious sodium-depleted and sodium replete cynomolgus monkeys. the agents elicited dose-additive hypotensive responses regardless of the order of drug administration in sodium-depleted monkeys. a dose-additive blood pressure response was also observed when the administration of captopril was preceded by ditekiren in conscious sodium replet ... | 1991 | 1893613 |
| depletion of luteal phase serum progesterone during constant infusion of cortisol phosphate in the cynomolgus monkey. | to study the impact of chronic infusions of cortisol phosphate on ovarian function in the cynomolgus monkey. | 1991 | 1894035 |
| effects of immunization with porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia on progression of ligature-induced periodontitis in the nonhuman primate macaca fascicularis. | the nonhuman primate (nhp) has proven to be a useful model of human periodontitis. this study describes the immunological characteristics of this model and the ability of active immunization to interfere with ecological changes in the microbiota and its associated disease symptoms. nhps were parenterally immunized with whole-cell antigens of porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia. the immunization elicited an approximate 2-log increase in serum immunoglobulin g (igg), igm, and iga is ... | 1991 | 1894349 |
| use of a grooming and foraging substrate to reduce cage stereotypies in macaques. | we examined the effects of a synthetic fleece pad on cage stereotypies in individually housed cynomolgus monkeys. animals which received the fleece alone engaged in grooming which was associated with an increase in time spent resting. monkeys given fleece pads sprinkled with morsels of food did not groom the fleece, but rather foraged for long periods (up to 27 min/h). stereotyped behaviours were reduced by up to 73% by use of the fleece pad both alone and with foraging crumbles. | 1991 | 1895328 |
| genetic polymorphism of the vitamin d-binding protein (dbp) in crab-eating macaques (macaca fascicularis). | vitamin d-binding protein (dbp) of crab-eating macaques (macaca fascicularis) was examined by means of three electrophoretic methods. dbp phenotypes were observed to be one or two bands in each method. all of dbp molecular variants could be detected by the simultaneous typing with these three methods. family analysis suggested that dbp variants followed the mode of autosomal codominant inheritance. a total of 17 phenotypes governed by at least 11 alleles were observed in the populations of malay ... | 1991 | 1895332 |
| four-week sub-acute toxicity study of s-(-)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10- (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido-[1,2,3,-de] [1,4]benzoxazine-6- carboxylic acid hemihydrate (dr-3355) in cd rats and cynomolgus monkeys. | s-(-)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h -pyrido-[1,2,3,-de] [1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid hemihydrate, dr-3355, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent, was administered by oral gavage to groups of ten male and ten female cd rats at dosages of 50, 200 or 800 mg/kg/day and to groups of three male and three female cynomolgus monkeys at dosages of 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg/day. both species were treated for four weeks. the vehicle (0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose)-t ... | 1991 | 1895350 |
| monocyte/macrophage giant cell disease in siv-infected cynomolgus monkeys. | a non-opportunistic, generalized giant cell disease (gcd) was found in 12 out of 25 (48%) cynomologus monkeys infected with sivsm. most organs were affected notably the lymph nodes (ln), spleen, gut, liver, lungs and cns. the multinucleated gc varied considerably in cell size and in the number and cytoplasmic distribution of the nuclei. immunohistochemically most gc expressed siv antigens and markers of mononuclear phagocytes (cd68), cd4 and also occasionally the t-cell markers cd45ro, cd43 and ... | 1991 | 1896642 |
| [changes in ocular structure and in blood-ocular barrier permeability of experimental myopia induced in monkeys]. | we induced myopia by eyelid suturing in one eye each of six 9-month-old cynomolgus monkeys to elucidate the condition by studying changes in the ocular structure and the blood-ocular barrier (bob) permeability. optical elements were measured by a-mode ultrasonography; vitreous fluorophotometry was carried out to document bob permeability before eyelid suturing and 3, 10, 16, and 28 months after suturing. the axial length of the sutured eyes increased significantly compared with that of the non-s ... | 1991 | 1897452 |
| a novel testis-stimulating factor in familial male precocious puberty. | familial male precocious puberty is a gonadotropin-independent form of precocious puberty that occurs only in males. the cause of the disorder is unknown. to examine the hypothesis that the plasma of boys with familial male precocious puberty contains a novel stimulator of testicular testosterone production, we developed a bioassay using adult male cynomolgus monkeys. | 1991 | 1898671 |
| new inhibitors of human renin that contain novel replacements at the p2 site. | a series of renin inhibitors with novel modifications at the p2 site has been prepared. structure-activity relationships reveal that for a particular p2 fragment the in vitro potency is highly dependent on the nature of the p2' portion in addition to the p1-p1' group. the length of the p2 side chain and choice of epsilon-n p2 substitution have been found to be important for in vitro potency although the degree of unsaturation in the p2 side chain is not particularly significant. molecular modeli ... | 1991 | 1901910 |
| vasoactive intestinal polypeptide nerve fibers in human and monkey (macaca fascicularis and macaca mulatta) kidneys. | nerve fibers immunoreactive for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) were demonstrated for the first time by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in human and monkey kidneys. vip-immunoreactive nerve fibers showing varicosities were observed in the adventitia of arcuate arteries and their branches. the density of vip-immunoreactive nerve fibers decreased from the juxtamedullary region to the cortex. occasionally a vip-immunoreactive varicose nerve fiber was observed near the vascular pol ... | 1991 | 1903138 |
| homology of the amyloid beta protein precursor in monkey and human supports a primate model for beta amyloidosis in alzheimer's disease. | progressive cerebral deposition of the amyloid beta-protein (a beta p) occurs in alzheimer's disease and during aging of certain mammals (eg, human, monkey, dog) but not others (eg, mouse, rat). the authors cloned and sequenced a full-length cdna encoding the beta-protein precursor (beta app) of cynomolgus monkey. the predicted amino acid sequence of the 695-residue protein is completely homologous to that of human. the alternatively transcribed exons encoding the kunitz protease inhibitor regio ... | 1991 | 1905108 |
| effect of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and gonadotropins on ovarian follicles in cynomolgus monkey: a model for human ovarian hyperstimulation. | to examine the effect on large follicles (greater than or equal to 2 mm) of human menopausal gonadotropin (hmg) and buserelin acetate, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in monkeys. | 1991 | 1906016 |
| secretion of pre-beta-migrating apoa-i by cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes in culture. | cynomolgus monkey hepatocytes that had been stored frozen were thawed, established in culture, and used to study apoa-i secretion. protein synthetic activity was low at first, but increased with time, approaching what appeared to be the constitutive levels of the intact liver by day 7. during the first week, cellular rna levels increased from 5.3 +/- 0.3 to 18.6 +/- 1.0 micrograms/10(6) cells; albumin secretion rates increased from undetectable to 55.4 micrograms/10(6) cells per day; apoa-i mrna ... | 1991 | 1906086 |
| effect of administration of testosterone and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) antagonist on basal and gnrh-stimulated gonadotrophin secretion in orchidectomized monkeys. | the aim of the present investigation was to investigate the effects of testosterone on basal and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh)-stimulated gonadotrophin secretion in the presence and absence of a gnrh antagonist in a non-human primate model (macaca fascicularis). orchidectomized animals were used in order to avoid interference by testicular products other than testosterone involved in gonadotrophin feedback. concomitant and delayed administration of testosterone at doses that provided se ... | 1991 | 1906089 |
| evidence that the nonparenchymal cells of the liver are the principal source of cholesteryl ester transfer protein in primates. | previous studies showed that 90% or more of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) mrna is contained in the liver of cynomolgus monkeys. the purpose of this study was to determine if the parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) were the hepatic cell type that contained that mrna. the parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells were separated by standard methods, and the cetp, apoa-i, apob, and apoe mrna content of the preparation determined at each step in the purification process. apoa-i and apob are pr ... | 1991 | 1906459 |
| toxicokinetics of inhaled 1,3-butadiene in monkeys: comparison to toxicokinetics in rats and mice. | 1,3-butadiene is a potent carcinogen in mice and a weaker carcinogen in rats. people are exposed to butadiene through its industrial use--largely in rubber production (over 3 billion pounds of butadiene were produced in 1989)--and because it is common in the environment, occurring in cigarette smoke, gasoline vapor and in the effluents from fossil fuel incineration. epidemiological studies have provided some evidence for butadiene carcinogenicity in people. differences in the uptake and metaboli ... | 1991 | 1908146 |
| reversibility of cardiac xenograft rejection in primates. | more than 500 people died in 1988 because of the shortage of human heart donors. cardiac xenografts from concordant primates may help to relieve this shortage. two groups of abo-matched cynomolgus monkey-to-baboon heterotopic cardiac xenografts were studied. group 1 (n = 4) control animals had no immunosuppression. group 2 (n = 6) baboons received cyclosporine, azathioprine, and methylprednisolone acetate. myocardial biopsy, mixed lymphocyte culture, donor-specific crossmatch, and panel-reactive ... | 1991 | 1911800 |
| surface epithelium of the ovary following oral administration of hexachlorobenzene to the monkey. | hexachlorobenzene (hcb) is a toxic and carcinogenic chemical that has been implicated in female reproductive dysfunctions, including destruction of ovarian follicles in primates. the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of hcb on ovary surface epithelium (se). gelatin capsules containing hcb mixed with glucose were given to 16 cynomolgus monkeys housed under controlled conditions in dosages of 0.0, 0.1, 1.0, or 10.0 mg/kg body weight daily, for 90 days; the first group served as th ... | 1991 | 1913591 |
| immunohistochemical and pharmacokinetic characterization of site-specific immunoconjugate 15a8-glycyl-tyrosyl-(n-epsilon-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid)-lysine derived from anti-breast carcinoma monoclonal antibody 15a8. | in this study, the breast carcinoma-reactive monoclonal antibody 15a8 and a site-specific immunoconjugate of the antibody, 15a8-glycyl-tyrosyl-(n-epsilon-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid)-lysine (15a8-gyk-dtpa), were characterized by immunohistological methods for reactivity with normal and neoplastic human tissues and normal cynomolgus monkey tissues. in addition, 15a8-gyk-dtpa labeled with 111in was assessed by in vivo imaging and pharmacokinetic studies for localization to human tumor xeno ... | 1991 | 1913693 |
| reduction of circulating 3-o-methyldopa by inhibition of catechol-o-methyltransferase with or-611 and or-462 in cynomolgus monkeys: implications for the treatment of parkinson's disease. | we studied the effectiveness of or-611 and or-462, two novel inhibitors of the enzyme catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt), on 3-o-methyldopa (omd) formation in cynomolgus monkeys following intravenous levodopa administration. or-611 dose-dependently reduced the area under the omd concentration-vs-time curve, reduced maximum plasma omd concentrations, delayed the time to peak omd levels, reduced systemic levodopa clearance, and prolonged the elimination half-life of levodopa. similar effects on p ... | 1991 | 1913700 |
| suppression of vip- and terbutaline stimulated aqueous humor flow by increased intraocular pressure in the cynomolgus monkey. | the effect of increased intraocular pressure (iop) on stimulated aqueous humor flow (ahf) was studied in cynomolgus monkeys. two experimental series were performed, one with unilateral vip-treatment (60 micrograms intracamerally) and one with unilateral terbutaline-treatment (10 micrograms.ml-1 perfusion fluid). the ahf was determined with a labelled albumin dilution method, and an artificial increase in iop was produced by clamping the outlet of the perfusion system, thus causing a net inflow o ... | 1991 | 1914504 |
| human follicle-stimulating hormone exerts a stimulatory effect on spermatogenesis, testicular size, and serum inhibin levels in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist-treated nonhuman primate (macaca fascicularis). | the role of fsh in spermatogenesis was investigated in nonhuman primates depleted of testosterone by gnrh antagonist treatment. the gnrh antagonist antide (nal-lys; [n-acetyl-d-2-naphthyl-ala1,d-4-chloro-phe2,d-pyridyl-ala3, nicotinyl-lys5,d-nicotinyl-lys6,isopropyl-lys8,d-ala10 ]-gnrh) was used at a daily dose of 450 micrograms/kg to suppress endogeneous gonadotropin and androgen production. four groups of five cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were subjected to the following treatment t ... | 1991 | 1915071 |
| estrogen action on growth hormone in pituitary cell cultures from adult and juvenile macaques. | basal growth hormone (gh) levels are higher in female than male primates, and estradiol (e) treatment of gonadectomized primates increases serum gh. to determine if the effect of e is mediated at the level of the somatotroph, we verified the effect of e-treatment on serum gh in spayed macaques, and then examined the effect of e on gh secretion in serum-free monkey pituitary cultures. daily blood samples were obtained from cynomolgus macaques which were spayed upon detection of menstruation and i ... | 1991 | 1915090 |
| enumeration of 6-thioguanine-resistant t-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of nonhuman primates (cynomolgus monkeys). | we have investigated the use of cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) as a model of somatic cell mutagenesis in non-human primates. using techniques described by albertini (mutation research 150:411-422, 1985) for similar studies in humans, the frequency of tg-resistant t-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was determined in animals that were either untreated or treated with ethylnitrosourea. the frequency of tg-resistant cells in untreated males was (mean +/- sd) 6.0 +/- 5.9 per 10(6) cells ... | 1991 | 1915311 |
| transcriptional regulation of the apolipoprotein a-i gene. species-specific expression correlates with rates of gene transcription. | previous studies have shown that the abundance of apoa-i mrna in liver and intestine correlates with a 2-3-fold species-specific difference in the plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein and apoa-i. in order to determine the role of gene transcription in regulating the tissue, steady state apoa-i mrna abundance nuclear run-on assays were conducted using nuclei from two species of nonhuman primates. the transcriptional activity expressed as the ratio of apoa-i signal intensity to that fo ... | 1991 | 1917942 |
| neurogenic hyperalgesia: the search for the primary cutaneous afferent fibers that contribute to capsaicin-induced pain and hyperalgesia. | 1. a local cutaneous injury can produce primary hyperalgesia within the injured area and secondary hyperalgesia in the normal surrounding skin. an intradermal injection of capsaicin in humans causes intense pain and hyperalgesia to heat and to mechanical stimuli in the surrounding skin. psychophysical studies in humans supported the conclusions that the hyperalgesia was predominantly the secondary type and depended on one set of neurons sensitizing another ("neurogenic hyperalgesia") and that th ... | 1991 | 1919668 |
| cortical somatosensory evoked potentials. i. recordings in the monkey macaca fascicularis. | 1. the anatomic generators of somatosensory evoked potentials (seps) to median nerve stimulation in the 10- to 30-ms latency range were investigated in monkeys (macaca fascicularis) by means of cortical-surface and laminar recordings. 2. three groups of seps evoked by stimulation of the contralateral median nerve were recorded from the hand representation area of sensorimotor cortex: p10-n20, recorded anterior to the central sulcus (cs); n10-p20, recorded posterior to the cs; and p12-n25, record ... | 1991 | 1919676 |
| protection of monkeys against the lethal effects of male funnel-web spider (atrax robustus) venom by immunization with a toxoid. | a stable toxoid was prepared from robustoxin (the lethal polypeptide neurotoxin in the venom of the male funnel-web spider, atrax robustus) by polymerization with glutaraldehyde. this material was non-toxic in new-born mice. administration of the toxoid to three macaca fascicularis monkeys (50-80 micrograms/kg s.c. at 14-day intervals for 8-12 weeks) produced no toxic effects; anti-robustoxin antibodies were detected in serum samples by immunodiffusion tests within 13-27 days. in vivo evidence o ... | 1991 | 1926163 |
| cartilage matrix production and chondrocyte enlargement as contributors to mandibular condylar growth in monkeys (macaca fascicularis). | in an attempt to determine the contributions to condylar growth of cartilaginous matrix production and chondrocyte enlargement, four prepubertal male monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were used. each animal received 1 mci 3h-proline per kilogram of body weight 24 hours before death. from the left condyles, the anterior and central segments of the growth cartilage in the lateral and medial joint region were examined with the light microscope. volumes of cells and extracellular matrix, as well as the ... | 1991 | 1927987 |
| metabolic disposition and pharmacokinetics of the antiviral agent 6-methoxypurine arabinoside in rats and monkeys. | the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of 6-methoxypurine arabinoside (ara-m), a potent and selective inhibitor of varicella-zoster virus, were investigated in rats and monkeys. in long evans rats, orally administered [8-14c]ara-m (10 mg/kg) was well absorbed but extensively metabolized to hypoxanthine arabinoside (ara-h), hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid, and allantoin. only 4% of an oral dose was recovered in the urine as unchanged drug, compared with 40% of an intravenous dose, indicating signi ... | 1991 | 1929259 |
| mk-507 (l-671,152), a topically active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, reduces aqueous humor production in monkeys. | an investigation was carried out to determine the mechanism by which mk-507 (l-671,152), a water-soluble inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase ii in vitro, reduces intraocular pressure when applied topically to monkey eyes. intraocular pressure, tonographically measured outflow facility, and fluorophotometrically determined aqueous humor flow were measured before and after therapy in eight normal cynomolgus monkeys. fifty microliters of 2% mk-507 was instilled in one eye and diluent in the contr ... | 1991 | 1929960 |
| vascular responses to platelet activation in normal and atherosclerotic primates in vivo. | platelets release vasoactive substances that may contribute to augmented vasoconstriction. in this study, we examined vascular responses to activation of platelets in vivo by infusion of collagen. purified bovine collagen was infused into the blood-perfused hind limb of normal and atherosclerotic cynomolgus monkeys. resistance of the total limb and large arteries was measured at constant flow. in normal monkeys, collagen produced a decrease in total limb resistance, with a modest constrictor res ... | 1991 | 1931876 |
| molecular cloning, sequence, and expression of cynomolgus monkey cholesteryl ester transfer protein. inverse correlation between hepatic cholesteryl ester transfer protein mrna levels and plasma high density lipoprotein levels. | a cdna clone containing the coding region for cynomolgus monkey cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) was isolated by the polymerase chain reaction with primers based on the human cetp cdna sequence and cdna synthesized from liver poly (a+) rna. analysis of that cdna indicated that the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of cynomolgus monkey cetp were greater than 95% homologous with the human sequences. a fragment of the cdna was used to develop an internal-standard/rnase protection assay t ... | 1991 | 1931878 |
| reduced proteoglycan binding of low density lipoproteins from monkeys (macaca fascicularis) fed a fish oil versus lard diet. | we examined the effect of isocaloric substitution of dietary fish oil for lard on the properties of low density lipoproteins (ldl) important in binding to arterial proteoglycans (pg). cynomolgus monkeys (n = 10) were fed atherogenic diets enriched in fish oil or lard in a crossover study consisting of two 15-week phases of atherogenic diet separated by a 6-week monkey chow "wash-out period." ldl were isolated from plasma during each dietary phase, characterized for chemical and physical properti ... | 1991 | 1931879 |
| parvalbumin in the monkey striate cortex: a quantitative immunoelectron-microscopy study. | parvalbumin (pv) is present in a subpopulation of interneurons in the visual cortex, and also in thalamic afferents to the neocortex of primates. the object of this study is to confirm by immunoelectron-microscopy the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic connections containing parvalbumin in the monkey visual cortex, by the demonstration of parvalbumin-immunoreactivity in symmetric and asymmetric synapses. we analyzed the distribution of parvalbumin-immunoreactive profiles at the ultrastructural ... | 1991 | 1933306 |
| effects of dopamine denervation on striatal peptide expression in parkinsonian monkeys. | in cynomolgus monkeys rendered parkinsonian by systemic injection of mptp, severe cell losses were noted in the ventrolateral portion of the substantia nigra pars compacta (snc), compared to a relative sparing of neurons in the ventral tegmental area (vta) and dorsomedial portion of snc. most spared neurons in the snc-vta complex were found to contain the calcium binding protein calbindin (cabp). at striatal levels the dopaminergic (da) innervation, as visualized by tyrosine hydroxylase immunore ... | 1991 | 1933683 |
| inhibin-like and gonadotropin-like immunoreactivity in pituitary cells of male monkeys (macaca fascicularis, macaca mulatta). | inhibin-like immunoreactivity was detected by immunocytochemistry in the pituitaries of untreated male crab-eating macaques (cynomolgus monkey) and rhesus monkeys, in rhesus monkeys actively immunized against fsh, and in one orchidectomized crab-eating macaque. localizations were performed by the immunogold-silver staining with 5-nm colloidal gold-conjugated second or third antibodies and by the alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline-phosphatase technique. two different inhibin-specific antisera, ra ... | 1991 | 1934025 |
| investigations on the in vitro metabolism of five synthetic 19-norprogestins using hepatocyte suspensions isolated from five laboratory animal species. | five synthetic progestins of the 19-nortestosterone type (norethisterone, net; levonorgestrel, ln; gestodene, gest; net-3-oxime, neto; norgestimate, ngm) were investigated in the in vitro hepatocyte model. radiolabelled progestins were added to hepatocyte suspensions (3 x 10(6) cells/ml) freshly prepared from female rat, guinea pig, rabbit, dog (beagle) and cynomolgus monkey. drug level decreases (net, ln, gest) and prodrug conversions (neto, ngm) were followed by radiochromatography (hplc) for ... | 1991 | 1936077 |
| ultrastructure of the ciliary process vasculature in cynomolgus monkeys. | the ultrastructure of the ciliary process vasculature in cynomolgus monkeys is described with transmission electron microscopy. special attention is paid to a special segment of the anterior arterioles (afferent segment) and to the end of the marginal venule (efferent segment)-vascular structures which have been described as haemodynamically important. the major arterial circle of iris (maci), the exclusive blood supply of the ciliary processes, has only a one- or two-layered medium. a short dis ... | 1991 | 1936182 |
| [the causes of and repair procedures in external root resorption following palatal suture expansion with magnetic and conventional dilators. experimental animal research on macaca fascicularis monkeys]. | eight macaca fascicularis monkeys received rapid maxillary expansion with conventional and magnetic appliances. the histomorphometric analysis (sem) showed increased external root resorption (err) in: multirooted teeth, buccal root surfaces, mesiobuccal roots and apical zones. err is determined by the impulse, the decrease in the periodontal width and the extent of mineralization of adjacent hard tissues. the microscopic examinations of light, uv and sem defined two types of cellular cement in e ... | 1991 | 1937314 |
| effects of pituitary-testicular axis suppression in utero and during the early neonatal period with a long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog on genital development, somatic growth, and bone density in male cynomolgus monkeys in the first 6 months of life. | the specific role of late fetal and early neonatal gonadotropins and/or sex steroids on genital development, linear growth, and bone mass accretion remains unclear. to investigate this, we attempted to selectively suppress pituitary-testicular activation from midgestation through early infancy with a long-acting lhrh agonist (lhrha), d-trp6,pro9-net-lhrh, in microspheres. the agonist was injected sc on days 72-81 in utero, on day 1 of life, and 3 months postnatally in male cynomolgus monkeys. co ... | 1991 | 1939516 |
| species differences in the toxicity and cytochrome p450 iiia-dependent metabolism of digitoxin. | in rats, cytochrome p450 (p450) iiia enzymes are an important determinant of digitoxin toxicity. induction of these liver microsomal enzymes decreases the toxicity of digitoxin by increasing its oxidative cleavage to digitoxigenin bis- and monodigitoxoside (dt2 and dt1). the present study shows that the susceptibility of different mammalian species to digitoxin toxicity is inversely related to liver microsomal p450 iiia activity (measured as testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylase activity). based on th ... | 1991 | 1944247 |
| heroin induces changes in mother-infant monkey communication and subsequent disruption of their dyadic interaction. | heroin was given in a single, low dose (0.2 mg/kg i.v.) to the mother monkey of mother-infant pairs, living in a stable community of 30 individuals (macaca fascicularis; six pairs treated plus six controls, in experiments repeated twice). the drug did not induce alterations in the response of the mother to the infant's calling signals when they were placed in a new environment denoting a potentially dangerous situation. however, after being returned to the community cage, the treated mother rare ... | 1991 | 1946146 |
| an investigation of the displacement of fixed bridges and their abutments under occlusal load in monkeys (macaca fascicularis). | previous investigations have established the displacement characteristics of the teeth under axial load in monkeys (macaca fascicularis). the methods employed in these investigations have been used to study the displacements under occlusal load of both conventional fixed bridges and cantilever bridges, having different numbers of abutments. under axial load there was a reduction in displacement when two teeth were splinted together to act as abutments to a fixed bridge compared with the displace ... | 1991 | 1947332 |
| influence of dose and pharmaceutical formulation of vitamin a on plasma levels of retinyl esters and retinol and metabolic generation of retinoic acid compounds and beta-glucuronides in the cynomolgus monkey. | retinoid concentrations were analyzed in plasma of nonpregnant female cynomolgus monkeys after oral administration of retinol or retinyl acetate at doses of 2, 10, or 50 mg (as retinol) per kilogram body weight dissolved in acetone/soybean oil (1/9) or acetone/tween 20/water (1/5/4). all-trans-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, all-trans-4-oxoretinoic acid, and 13-cis-4-oxoretinoic acid as well as the conjugates of retinol and all-trans-retinoic acid with beta-d-glucuronic acid represented maj ... | 1991 | 1949028 |
| comparative morphology and morphometry of alveolar macrophages from six species. | pulmonary alveolar macrophages (pam) were collected from normal, healthy mice, rats, dogs, cynomolgus monkeys, chimpanzees, and humans and evaluated for morphologic and morphometric characteristics. the pam of mice, rats, and dogs were morphologically similar and had statistically similar frequency distributions for size. the cell size distribution for these three species was relatively homogeneous. the pam of nonhuman primates and humans were morphologically heterogenous with sometimes prominen ... | 1991 | 1951138 |
| pharmacokinetic studies and renal dehydropeptidase stability of the new beta-lactamase inhibitor brl 42715 in animals. | brl 42715 is a novel, highly potent beta-lactamase inhibitor with good activity against a broad range of beta-lactamases, including the class i enzymes of enterobacter and citrobacter spp. (k. coleman, d.r.j. griffin, j.w.j. page, and p.a. upshon, antimicrob. agents chemother. 33:1580-1587, 1989). the pharmacokinetics of brl 42715 were studied following oral and parenteral administration in mice, rats, rabbits, beagle dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys. the elimination half-life (t1/2) of brl 42715 fo ... | 1991 | 1952842 |
| suppression of ovarian estradiol secretion by a single injection of antide in cynomolgus monkeys during the early follicular phase: immediate, sustained, and reversible actions. | we examined the effects of the gnrh antagonist antide on ovarian estrogen secretion after a single administration in intact cycling cynomolgus monkeys (n = 5/group) during the early follicular phase. antide treatment on menstrual cycle day 2 resulted in a dose-dependent increase in menstrual cycle lengths (mean +/- sem) to 38 +/- 3, 49 +/- 8, and 96 +/- 15 days for 3.0, 10.0, and 30.0 mg/kg antide, respectively, in association with inhibition of folliculogenesis and suppression of estradiol conc ... | 1991 | 1955507 |
| fluorescent probes for dopamine receptors: synthesis and characterization of fluorescein and 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl conjugates of d-1 and d-2 receptor ligands. | fluorescent probes have been designed and developed for dopamine d-1 and d-2 receptors. fluorescein and/or nbd (7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) derivatives of ppht (d-2 agonist), spiperone (d-2 antagonist), skf 38393 (d-1 agonist), and skf 83566 (d-1 antagonist) were synthesized via their amino-functionalized analogues and all ligands were pharmacologically evaluated by measuring their ability to displace [3h]sch 23390 and [3h]spiperone from d-1 and d-2 receptor sites in caudate putamen of mo ... | 1991 | 1956042 |
| substrate analogue renin inhibitors containing replacements of histidine in p2 or isosteres of the amide bond between p3 and p2 sites. | incorporation of beta-alanine or gamma-aminobutyric acid in position p2 of achpa or leu psi [chohch2]val-based tetrapeptides gave highly active renin inhibitors (compounds v, vi, and xvii) with high specificity for renin and a remarkable stability against chymotrypsin. replacement of the amide bond between p2 and p3 by isosteres (ketomethylenes, hydroxyethylenes, and the corresponding thio-insertion analogues) led to compounds (viii-xiii, xviii, and xix) with renin inhibitory activity in the nan ... | 1991 | 1956045 |
| immunizations of monkeys with synthetic peptides disclose conserved areas on gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 associated with cross-neutralizing antibodies and t-cell recognition. | site-directed immunization was employed to identify sites on the envelope glycoprotein gp120 for antibody-mediated neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). antisera were raised in monkeys (macaca fascicularis) against a series of 40 overlapping synthetic peptides covering the entire amino acid sequence of gp120 from the htlv-iiib strain of hiv-1. immune sera against 12 of these peptides were reactive with gp120 by immunoblotting analysis, and antisera raised against 5 pepti ... | 1991 | 1961741 |