| recent insights into alteration of red blood cells by babesia bovis: moovin' forward. | over the past decade or so, our understanding of the biology of apicomplexan parasites has increased dramatically, particularly in the case of malaria. notable achievements are the availability of complete genome sequences, transcriptome and proteome profiles and the establishment of in vitro transfection techniques for asexual-stage malaria parasites. interestingly, despite their major economic importance and striking similarities with malaria, babesia parasites have been relatively ignored, bu ... | 2010 | 20598944 |
| molecular and serologic evidence for babesia bovis-like parasites in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in south texas. | the current study was undertaken to determine if white-tailed deer in south texas harbor babesia bovis, a causative agent of bovine babesiosis. blood samples from free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) on two ranches in lasalle and webb counties were screened for b. bovis and other hemoparasites by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect the piroplasm 18s rdna. serology was conducted on selected samples to detect antibody activity to b. bovis by the immunofluorescent antib ... | 2010 | 20605333 |
| a babesia bovis gene syntenic to theileria parva p67 is expressed in blood and tick stage parasites. | completion of the babesia bovis (t2bo strain) genome provides detailed data concerning the predicted proteome of this parasite, and allows for a bioinformatics approach to gene discovery. comparative genomics of the hemoprotozoan parasites b. bovis and theileria parva revealed a highly conserved syntenic block of genes flanking the p67 gene of t. parva, a sporozoite stage-specific vaccine candidate against east coast fever (ecf). the syntenic gene in b. bovis, designated bov57, encodes a protein ... | 2010 | 20638797 |
| occurrence of theileria parva and other haemoprotozoa in cattle at the edge of hluhluwe-imfolozi park, kwazulu-natal, south africa. | theileria parva, the most important bovine theilerial species in sub-saharan africa, causes widespread mortality and morbidity in endemic areas. a survey was conducted using buffy-coat specimens from 60 apparently healthy adult communally herded nguni-type cattle at the northeastern edge of the hluhluwe-imfolozi park to determine, by means of pcr and reverse line blot (rlb) hybridisation, the occurrence of theileria and babesia species. the presence of trypanosoma species was determined using pc ... | 2010 | 20649154 |
| identification of papain-like cysteine proteases from the bovine piroplasm babesia bigemina and evolutionary relationship of piroplasms c1 family of cysteine proteases. | papain-like cysteine proteases have been shown to have essential roles in parasitic protozoa and are under study as promising drug targets. five genes were identified by sequence similarity search to be homologous to the cysteine protease family in the ongoing babesia bigemina genome sequencing project database and were compared with the annotated genes from the complete bovine piroplasm genomes of babesia bovis, theileria annulata, and theileria parva. multiple genome alignments and sequence an ... | 2011 | 20655912 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a lateral flow device (lfd) for the serodiagnosis of theileria annulata infection. | several dna-based and serological tests have been established for the detection of theileria annulata infection, including polymerase chain reaction, reverse line blot and loop-mediated isothermal amplification, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and competitive elisa. in this study, we have applied knowledge from the development and application of a recombinant protein-based indirect elisa and competitive elisa to establish a rapid test for point-of-care diagnosis of t. annulat ... | 2010 | 20680339 |
| the novel protein bborhop68 is expressed by intraerythrocytic stages of babesia bovis. | the apical complex of intracellular hemoparasites contains organelles like micronemes and rhoptries, specialized structures required for adherence and invasion of host cells. several molecules discharged from rhoptries have been identified from plasmodium spp., but only a single rhoptry associated protein-1 (rap-1) has been characterized from babesia bovis. in silico search of the b. bovis genome allowed to identifying a sequence homologous to the gene that encodes a p. falciparum rhoptry protei ... | 2010 | 20691808 |
| the bovine spleen: interactions among splenic cell populations in the innate immunologic control of hemoparasitic infections. | over the past several years, innate immunity has been recognized as having an important role as a front-line defense mechanism and as an integral part of the adaptive immune response. innate immunity in cattle exposed to hemoparasites is spleen-dependent and age-related. in this review, we discuss general aspects of innate immunity and the cells involved in this aspect of the response to infection. we also provide examples of specific splenic regulatory and effector mechanisms involved in the re ... | 2010 | 20692048 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus: a most successful invasive tick species in west-africa. | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is known to be a highly reproductive and efficient vector of babesia bovis, two characters which make this tick a threat to livestock keeping in many continents. the authors identified this tick in ivory coast, west africa, in 2007, and hypothesized the spread to be minimal, as this tick was not observed in previous years. to determine the extent of its distribution and to a lesser extent the possible impact of the tick on the livelihoods of iv ... | 2011 | 20711801 |
| babesia bovis expresses bbo-6cys-e, a member of a novel gene family that is homologous to the 6-cys family of plasmodium. | a novel babesia bovis gene family encoding proteins with similarities to the plasmodium 6cys protein family was identified by tblastn searches of the b. bovis genome using the sequence of the p. falciparum pfs230 protein as query, and was termed bbo-6cys gene family. the bbo-cys6 gene family contains six genes termed bbo-6cys-a, b, c, d, e and f encoding for proteins containing an arrangement of 6 cysteine residues. the bbo-6cys genes a, b, c, d, and e are tandemly arranged as a cluster of chrom ... | 2010 | 20884375 |
| detection of antibodies against babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in calves from the region of araguaína, state of tocantins, brazil. | the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against b. bovis and b. bigemina in calves from the region of araguaína, state of tocantins, brazil. in this research we used sera obtained from 506 calves, from both genders and of 8 to 24 months old, to detect antibodies by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa-test). statistical analysis of the data was performed using the chi-square (χ²) test with yates correction. the seroprevalence obtained was 90.5 and 91. ... | 2010 | 20943021 |
| the seroprevalence of bovine babesiosis in malaysia. | one hundred sera of malaysian cattle were used in this seroprevalence study for bovine babesiosis. all sera were obtained from the serological unit of the veterinary research institute (vri), ipoh, perak. the sera were tested using a veterinary medical research & development (vmrd) commercial indirect immunofluourescent antibody test (ifat) kit. the results showed that 17.0% were found to be positive for babesia bovis, 16.0% for babesia bigemina, and 9.0% for both b. bovis and b. bigemina infect ... | 2010 | 20962729 |
| detection of babesia and theileria species infection in cattle from portugal using a reverse line blotting method. | babesiosis and theileriosis are tick-borne diseases widespread in tropical and sub-tropical regions with high economic impact worldwide. in portugal there are at least 4 tick vectors known to be competent for the transmission of babesia and theileria sp. identified: rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus, ixodes ricinus and haemaphysalis punctata. all these potential babesia and theileria tick vectors are widely distributed in portugal, although they are predominant in the sout ... | 2010 | 21036481 |
| haemoparasite prevalence and theileria parva strain diversity in cape buffalo (syncerus caffer) in uganda. | cape buffalo (syncerus caffer) are considered to be an important reservoir for various tick-borne haemoparasites of veterinary importance. in this study we have compared the haemoparasite carrier prevalence in buffalo from four geographically isolated national parks in uganda [lake mburo national park (lmnp), queen elizabeth national park (qenp), murchison falls national park (mfnp) and kidepo valley national park (kvnp)]. differences were seen in haemoparasite prevalence in buffalo from the fou ... | 2010 | 21074945 |
| real-time polymerase chain reaction based on msa2c gene for detection of babesia bovis. | this paper reports a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-pcr) based on the msa2c gene and standardized with platinum sybr green/rox for the detection of babesia bovis in cattle. the msa2c q-pcr amplified a dna fragment with average dissociation temperature of 77.41°c (± 0.25°c). no amplification was detected when dna from b. bigemina, a. marginale or bos taurus was used as the template. the detection limit of the msa2c q-pcr was 1000 copies per ml of blood sample, with a linear c ... | 2010 | 21075527 |
| the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 gene plays a critical role in the fitness of ticks fed on cattle during acute babesia bovis infection. | abstract: | 2010 | 21092112 |
| bovipain-2, the falcipain-2 ortholog, is expressed in intraerythrocytic stages of the tick-transmitted hemoparasite babesia bovis. | abstract: | 2010 | 21092313 |
| spherical body protein 4 is a new serological antigen for global detection of babesia bovis infection in cattle. | five babesia bovis recombinant proteins, including merozoite surface antigen 2c (bbmsa-2c), c-terminal rhoptry-associated protein 1 (bbrap-1/ct), truncated thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (bbtrap-t), spherical body protein 1 (bbsbp-1), and spherical body protein 4 (bbsbp-4), were evaluated as diagnostic antigens to detect the infection in cattle. the recombinant proteins were highly antigenic when tested with experimentally b. bovis-infected bovine serum in western blot analysis. furthe ... | 2010 | 21123520 |
| dynamics of bovine spleen cell populations during the acute response to babesia bovis infection: an immunohistological study. | the spleen is a critical organ in defence against haemoparasitic diseases like babesiosis. many in vitro and ex vivo studies have identified splenic cells working in concert to activate mechanisms required for successful resolution of infection. the techniques used in those studies, however, remove cells from the anatomical context in which cell interaction and trafficking take place. in this study, an immunohistological approach was used to monitor the splenic distribution of defined cells duri ... | 2011 | 21155841 |
| bartonella and babesia infections in cattle and their ticks in taiwan. | bartonella and babesia infections and the association with cattle breed and age as well as tick species infesting selected cattle herds in taiwan were investigated. blood samples were collected from 518 dairy cows and 59 beef cattle on 14 farms and 415 ticks were collected from these animals or in a field. bartonella and babesia species were isolated and/or detected in the cattle blood samples and from a selected subset (n=254) of the ticks either by culture or dna extraction, pcr testing and dn ... | 2010 | 21194750 |
| molecular detection of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from tom green county in central texas. | serologic and molecular evidence suggest that white-tailed deer in south texas and north mexico carry the agents of bovine babesiosis, babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. to determine if white-tailed deer in central texas, which is outside the known occurrence of the vector tick at this time, harbor these parasites, blood samples from free-ranging and captive white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in tom green county were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays for b. bovis and b. b ... | 2010 | 21194841 |
| population genetic analysis and sub-structuring in babesia bovis. | the tick-borne protozoan parasite, babesia bovis is one of the causes of bovine babesiosis, an economically important disease of cattle in tropical and sub-tropical countries. using the recently published genome sequence of the parasite, we developed a panel of eight mini- and micro-satellite markers and used these to investigate the role of genetic exchange in the population structure and diversity of the parasite using isolates from zambia and turkey. this population genetic analysis showed th ... | 2011 | 21316400 |
| molecular and serological prevalence of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in water buffaloes in the northeast region of thailand. | bovine babesiosis is a tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan disease that is mainly caused by babesia bovis and babesia bigemina and is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. the disease is widespread in the northeastern region of thailand, where an increasingly large part of the livestock is composed of water buffaloes. the present study was therefore conducted to investigate the epidemiological distribution of b. bovis and b. bigemina in water buffaloes in the northeastern re ... | 2011 | 21324601 |
| detection of theileria and babesia in brown brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) and marsh deer (blastocerus dichotomus) in the state of minas gerais, brazil. | intraerythrocytic protozoan species of the genera theileria and babesia are known to infect both wild and domestic animals, and both are transmitted by hard-ticks of the family ixodidae. the prevalences of hemoprotozoa and ectoparasites in 15 free-living mazama gouazoubira, two captive m. gouazoubira and four captive blastocerus dichotomus from the state of minas gerais, brazil, have been determined through the examination of blood smears and the use of nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). t ... | 2010 | 21354704 |
| sad phasing using iodide ions in a high-throughput structural genomics environment. | the seattle structural genomics center for infectious disease (ssgcid) focuses on the structure elucidation of potential drug targets from class a, b, and c infectious disease organisms. many ssgcid targets are selected because they have homologs in other organisms that are validated drug targets with known structures. thus, many ssgcid targets are expected to be solved by molecular replacement (mr), and reflective of this, all proteins are expressed in native form. however, many community reque ... | 2011 | 21359836 |
| secretion of a new spherical body protein of babesia bovis into the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes. | a cdna encoding a new babesia bovis spherical body protein 4 (bbsbp-4) was reported to have no significant homology to other apicomplexan proteins or previously reported b. bovis spherical body proteins. in the present study, we further examined the molecular characteristics of bbsbp-4 including the expression and cellular localization of the bbsbp-4. an anti-rbbsbp-4 mouse serum specifically reacted to a 41-kda native protein b. bovis in western blot analysis. the immunoelectron microscopic exa ... | 2011 | 21406202 |
| a novel neutralization sensitive and subdominant rap-1-related antigen (rra) is expressed by babesia bovis merozoites. | summaryobjective. the babesia bovis genome encodes a rap-1 related gene denominated rap-1 related antigen (rra). in this study, we analysed the pattern of expression, immunogenicity and functional relevance of rra. methods. phylogenetic analysis was performed using the program phylip. expression of rra was analysed by northern blots, rt-pcr, immunoprecipitation, western blots and immunofluorescence. rra antigenicity was tested by t-cell proliferation and western blot analysis, and functional rel ... | 2011 | 21554842 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of babesia and anaplasma species in cattle in sudan. | disease prevalence studies are one of the most valuable tools to demonstrate the risk or impact of certain infections in local and global economies. the data obtained in these studies contribute to develop strategies for disease control. the present study aims to provide information about the prevalence of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in the northern regions of sudan. blood samples from four different states of sudan were collected from apparently healthy cattle (n=692), dna was extracted and the ... | 2011 | 21612870 |
| a campaign to eradicate bovine babesiosis from new caledonia. | in december 2007, babesia bovis was introduced to new caledonia through the importation of cattle that had been vaccinated with a live tick fever (babesiosis and anaplasmosis) vaccine. although the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is common in new caledonia, the territory had previously been free of tick-borne diseases of cattle. this paper describes the initial extent of the outbreak, the measures and rationale for disease control, and the progress to date of the eradication campaign. i ... | 2011 | 21771538 |
| emerging perspectives in the research of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis. | the babesia bovis and b. bigemina apicomplexan protozoa in conjunction with the rickettsia anaplasma marginale are intraerythrocytic pathogens that are responsible for the most prevalent and costly tick borne diseases (tbd's) of cattle worldwide. these organisms are historically associated as they can cause clinically related hemolytic diseases in cattle, are all transmitted by rhiphicephallus (boophilus) ticks, and share an uncanny ability to evade the immune systems of the vertebrate hosts, ca ... | 2011 | 21684084 |
| genome-wide analysis of peptidase content and expression in a virulent and attenuated babesia bovis strain pair. | identifying virulence determinants in apicomplexan parasites remains a major gap in knowledge for members within this phylum. we hypothesized that peptidases would segregate with virulence between a virulent parent babesia bovis strain and an attenuated daughter strain derived by rapid in vivo passage. using the complete genome sequence of the virulent t2bo strain, 66 peptidases were identified and active sites confirmed. the presence, sequence identity and expression levels were tested for each ... | 2011 | 21741414 |
| attenuation of virulence in an apicomplexan hemoparasite results in reduced genome diversity at the population level. | abstract: | 2011 | 21838895 |
| serological survey of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in cattle in south africa. | a total of 719 serum samples collected from clinically healthy cattle from eight provinces located in different districts of south africa were examined by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and the standard indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) to determine the serological prevalence of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. the results showed that 35.3% and 39.7% of cattle were positive for b. bovis and 30% and 36.5% were positive for b. bigemina antibodies on elisa and ifa ... | 2011 | 21700393 |
| nilgai antelope in northern mexico as a possible carrier for cattle fever ticks and babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. | of 20 blood samples from nilgais from m+®xico, five were polymerase chain reaction-positive for babesia bigemina and one for babesia bovis. positive samples had the expected 170 (b. bigemina) and 291 (b. bovis) base pairs and were identical to gen-bank b. bigemina accession s45366 and b. bovis m38218. | 2011 | 21719852 |
| phylogenetic relationships of mongolian babesia bovis isolates based on the merozoite surface antigen (msa)-1, msa-2b, and msa-2c genes. | we conducted a molecular epidemiological study on babesia bovis in mongolia. three hundred blood samples collected from cattle grazed in seven different districts were initially screened using a previously established diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the detection of b. bovis-specific dna. positive samples were then used to amplify and sequence the hyper-variable regions of three b. bovis genes encoding the merozoite surface antigen (msa)-1, msa-2b, and msa-2c. the diagnostic ... | 2011 | 22004913 |
| New insights into the epidemiology of bovine piroplasmoses in Italy. | Few studies have been published on bovine piroplasmoses in Italy, and therefore a clear picture of the epidemiology of these infections is difficult to obtain. Vertebrate and invertebrate hosts in Central and Northern Regions of Italy were investigated in 2005 and 2006, when microscopy, molecular tools and serological tests were applied to 468 blood samples drawn from cattle in order to evaluate the presence of these protozoa and identify possible risk factors. Ticks were also collected, identif ... | 2011 | 21864982 |
| expression and strain variation of the novel "small open reading frame" (smorf) multigene family in babesia bovis. | small open reading frame (smorf) genes comprise the second largest babesia bovis multigene family. all known 44 variant smorf genes are located in close chromosomal proximity to ves1 genes, which encode proteins that mediate cytoadhesion and contribute to immune evasion. in this study, we characterised the general topology of smorf genes and investigated the gene repertoire, transcriptional profile and smorf expression in two distinct strains, t2bo and mo7. sequence analysis using degenerate pri ... | 2011 | 22138017 |
| Anti-babesial activity of a potent peptide fragment derived from longicin of Haemaphysalis longicornis. | Babesiosis is one of the most important tick-borne diseases affecting livestock that can cause major economic losses worldwide particularly in the tropics. Control relies on controlling both the protozoan parasite and the tick vector. Antiprotozoal drugs are most commonly used for treatment, but problems on emergence of resistant strains and food residues are encountered. Longicin, a defensin-like peptide identified from the hard tick, Haemapysalis longicornis, as well as one of its synthetic pa ... | 2012 | 22102016 |
| structure of fructose bisphosphate aldolase from bartonella henselae bound to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. | fructose bisphosphate aldolase (fbpa) enzymes have been found in a broad range of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. fbpa catalyses the cleavage of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. the ssgcid has reported several fbpa structures from pathogenic sources, including the bacterium brucella melitensis and the protozoan babesia bovis. bioinformatic analysis of the bartonella henselae genome revealed an fbpa homolog. the b. henselae fbpa enzym ... | 2011 | 21904049 |
| Stable expression of green fluorescent protein and targeted disruption of thioredoxin peroxidase-1 gene in Babesia bovis with the WR99210/dhfr selection system. | We have achieved stable expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in Babesia bovis by using the WR99210/human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene selection system. A GFP-expression plasmid with a dhfr expression cassette (DHFR-gfp) was constructed and transfected into B. bovis by nucleofection. Following WR99210 selection, a GFP-fluorescent parasite population was obtained and the fluorescent parasite was maintained for more than 7 months under WR99210 drug pressure. The DHFR-gfp was used to ... | 2011 | 22108434 |
| inhibitor-bound complexes of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase from babesia bovis. | babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by eukaryotic babesia parasites which are morphologically similar to plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria in humans. like plasmodium, different species of babesia are tuned to infect different mammalian hosts, including rats, dogs, horses and cattle. most species of plasmodium and babesia possess an essential bifunctional enzyme for nucleotide synthesis and folate metabolism: dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase. although thymidy ... | 2011 | 21904052 |
| comparison of diagnostic methods to detect piroplasms in asymptomatic cattle. | this study was carried out to compare different diagnostic techniques to reveal the presence of piroplasms in asymptomatic cattle kept at pasture. nineteen blood samples were collected from animals of two different areas of emilia romagna region of italy and processed for microscopic observation, pcr, serological test (ifat) for babesia bovis and babesia bigemina antibodies and in vitro cultivation. the cultures were performed on both bovine and ovine erythrocytes. seventeen blood smears (89%) w ... | 2012 | 21846583 |
| occurrence of theileria and babesia species in water buffalo (bubalus babalis, linnaeus, 1758) in the hubei province, south china. | the presence and prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in water buffalo from the hubei province, south china was investigated using the reverse line blot (rlb) hybridization assay and phylogenetic analysis of the parasite 18s rrna gene. theileria buffeli (19.1%) was the most frequently found species in all of the locations, followed by babesia orientalis (8.9%), babesia bovis (1.0%) and babesia bigemina (0.7%). only 12 (3.9%) of the samples had mixed infections. eleven samples with single infe ... | 2011 | 22154255 |
| Characterization of acyl carrier protein and LytB in Babesia bovis apicoplast. | The apicoplast is a highly specialized organelle that mediates required functions in the growth and replication of apicomplexan parasites. Despite structural conservation of the apicoplast among different parasite genera and species, there are also critical differences in the metabolic requirements of different parasites and at different stages of the life cycle. To specifically compare apicoplast pathways between parasites that have both common and unique stages, we characterized the apicoplast ... | 2011 | 22057350 |
| Genetic diversity of Babesia bovis in virulent and attenuated strains. | SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to compare the genetic diversity of the single copy Bv80 gene sequences of Babesia bovis in populations of attenuated and virulent parasites. PCR/ RT-PCR followed by cloning and sequence analyses of 4 attenuated and 4 virulent strains were performed. Multiple fragments in the range of 420 to 744 bp were amplified by PCR or RT-PCR. Cloning of the PCR fragments and sequence analyses revealed the presence of mixed subpopulations in either virulent or attenuated para ... | 2011 | 22075976 |
| [molecular characterization of babesia bovis msa-2c gene]. | objective: this study was carried out to determine the molecular characterization of msa-2c gene of one babesia bovis isolate from cattle in the aegean region and to compare identities with similar isolates from the world and turkey. methods: between 2008-2010 blood samples were collected from a total of 235 cattle localized in 9 provinces of the marmara and aegean regions. smears were prepared, genomic dna's were extracted from the blood samples and investigated for babe ... | 2011 | 22203502 |
| functional genomics studies of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus ticks in response to infection with the cattle protozoan parasite, babesia bigemina. | ticks are obligate haematophagous ectoparasites of wild and domestic animals as well as humans, considered to be second worldwide to mosquitoes as vectors of human diseases, but the most important vectors of disease-causing pathogens in domestic and wild animals. babesia spp. are tick-borne pathogens that cause a disease called babesiosis in a wide range of animals and in humans. in particular, babesia bovis and babesia bigemina are transmitted by cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatu ... | 2012 | 22265898 |
| a highly sensitive dna bead-based suspension array for the detection and species identification of bovine piroplasms. | piroplasms are among the most harmful tick-borne pathogens for livestock and sensitive and specific diagnostic methods for rapid detection and identification of the different species are needed for effective control. reverse line blot has been the molecular technique of choice but it is laborious, time-consuming and highly susceptible to subjective variation in the interpretation of the hybridisation signal. here, an oligonucleotide multiplex suspension microarray (luminex® microsphere system) w ... | 2011 | 22233830 |
| molecular and serological prevalence of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in cattle from central region of syria. | a total of 207 bovine blood samples were collected from clinically healthy cattle bred in central region of syria and examined by giemsa-stained blood smears, nested pcr, elisa, and ifat to determine the molecular and serological prevalence of babesia bovis and b. bigemina. all samples were negative to babesia spp. by microscopic examination of blood smears. on the other hand, the overall prevalence of b. bovis and b. bigemina was 9.18% and 15.46% by npcr, 15.46% and 18.84% by elisa, and 18.36% ... | 2012 | 22265803 |
| blocking babesia bovis vaccine reactions of dairy cattle in milk. | the use of 1.16 mg/kg (one third) of the recommended dose of diminazene aceturate, administered indiscriminately to cattle on day seven of the unfrozen babesia bovis and babesia bigemina bivalent live blood vaccine reaction, was an infection and block treatment method of immunisation used successfully with no known adverse effect on the parasites or the development of protective immunity. continuing with this practice after replacement of the unfrozen vaccine with deep-frozen monovalent b. bovis ... | 2012 | 23327323 |
| multi-locus typing scheme for babesia bovis and babesia bigemina reveals high levels of genetic variability in strains from northern argentina. | bovine babesiosis, caused by the protozoa babesia bovis and babesia bigemina, is a tick-borne disease distributed in tropical regions worldwide. current control measures are based on the use of acaricides and live attenuated vaccines. the major economic impact of babesiosis lies in the cattle industry. in order to gain insight into the extent of genetic diversity in populations of parasites in the field, we developed two mlst schemes for the molecular genotyping of b. bigemina and b. bovis. we h ... | 2012 | 23287026 |
| farsenyl pyrophosphate synthase is a potential molecular drug target of risedronate in babesia bovis. | a cdna encoding farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase of babesia bovis (bbfpps) has been isolated, cloned and characterized as molecular drug target. sequence analysis revealed that bbfpps contains an open reading frame of 1011bp with predicted 336 amino acids and molecular mass of 38kda. antiserum raised in mice against recombinant bbfpps expressed in escherichia coli specifically reacted with native protein of b. bovis parasites by western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescent test. enzymatic ... | 2012 | 23276703 |
| target specific-trisubstituted pyrrole inhibits babesia bovis erythrocytic growth. | babesiosis, a significant veterinary disease and an emerging zoonotic human infection, is caused by certain species of the protozoan parasite, babesia. here we report that a trisubstituted pyrrole is a potent inhibitor of babesia bovis, a bovine parasite. furthermore, b. bovis expresses the known target of the compound, the cgmp dependent protein kinase. target conservation and the in vitro efficacy support further investigation of this compound and validation of babesia cgmp dependent protein k ... | 2012 | 23274642 |
| analysis of babesia bovis infection-induced gene expression changes in larvae from the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | cattle babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of cattle that has severe economic impact on cattle producers throughout the world's tropical and subtropical countries. the most severe form of the disease is caused by the apicomplexan, babesia bovis, and transmitted to cattle through the bite of infected cattle ticks of the genus rhipicephalus, with the most prevalent species being rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. we studied the reaction of the r. microplus larval transcriptome in response to infe ... | 2012 | 22871314 |
| the ovarian transcriptome of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, feeding upon a bovine host infected with babesia bovis. | cattle babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of cattle with the most severe form of the disease caused by the apicomplexan, babesia bovis. babesiosis is transmitted to cattle through the bite of infected cattle ticks of the genus rhipicephalus. the most prevalent species is rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, which is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical countries of the world. the transmission of b. bovis is transovarian and a previous study of the r. microplus ovarian proteome ide ... | 2013 | 24330595 |
| emergence of oriental theileriosis in cattle and its transmission through rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in assam, india. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of theileria in blood samples of crossbred and indigenous adult cows raised under unorganized small scale farming system in a babesia and anaplasma endemic geographical area from assam, india and to see its transmission through rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks. | 2015 | 27047205 |
| tick-borne pathogens of zoonotic and veterinary importance in nigerian cattle. | ticks and tick-borne diseases undermine cattle fitness and productivity in the whole of sub-saharan africa, including nigeria. in this west african country, cattle are challenged by numerous tick species, especially during the wet season. consequently, several tbds are known to be endemic in nigerian cattle, including anaplasmosis, babesiosis, cowdriosis and theilerioris (by theileria mutans and theileria velifera). to date, all investigations on cattle tbds in nigeria have been based on cytolog ... | 2016 | 27090756 |
| genomic resources for a unique, low-virulence babesia taxon from china. | babesiosis is a socioeconomically important tick-borne disease of animals (including humans) caused by haemoprotozoan parasites. the severity of babesiosis relates to host and parasite factors, particularly virulence/pathogenicity. although babesia bovis is a particularly pathogenic species of cattle, there are species of babesia of ruminants that have limited pathogenicity. for instance, the operational taxonomic unit babesia sp. xinjiang (abbreviated here as bx) of sheep from china is substant ... | 2016 | 27784333 |
| genetic characterization and molecular survey of babesia bovis, babesia bigemina and babesia ovata in cattle, dairy cattle and yaks in china. | babesiosis is an important haemoparasitic disease, caused by the infection and subsequent intra-erythrocytic multiplication of protozoa of the genus babesia that impacts the livestock industry and animal health. the distribution, epidemiology and genetic characterization of b. bigemina, b. bovis, and b. ovata in cattle in china as well as the prevalence of these protozoan agents were assessed. | 2015 | 26452623 |
| molecular detection and characterization of babesia bovis, babesia bigemina, theileria species and anaplasma marginale isolated from cattle in kenya. | infections with babesia bovis, babesia bigemina, theileria species and anaplasma marginale are endemic in kenya yet there is a lack of adequate information on their genotypes. this study established the genetic diversities of the above tick-borne hemoparasites infecting cattle in kenya. | 2015 | 26420543 |
| bumped kinase inhibitor prohibits egression in babesia bovis. | babesiosis is a global zoonotic disease acquired by the bite of a babesia-infected ixodes tick or through blood transfusion with clinical relevance affecting humans and animals. in this study, we evaluated a series of small molecule compounds that have previously been shown to target specific apicomplexan enzymes in plasmodium, toxoplasma and cryptosporidium. the compounds, bumped kinase inhibitors (bkis), have strong therapeutic potential targeting apicomplexa-specific calcium dependent protein ... | 2015 | 26790733 |
| serological and molecular diagnostic surveys combined with examining hematological profiles suggests increased levels of infection and hematological response of cattle to babesiosis infections compared to native buffaloes in egypt. | babesiosis threatens the development of the cattle and buffaloes industries in egypt and improved control is needed. the main objectives of this study are surveying the presence of bovine babesiosis in distinct selected bovine and buffalo populations in egypt using novel molecular and previously validated serological methods, while also comparing the occurrence of hematological alterations among babesia infected cattle and buffalos. | 2015 | 26062684 |
| retrospective study of hemoparasites in cattle in southern italy by reverse line blot hybridization. | tick-borne diseases are widespread in tropical and temperate regions and are responsible for important economic losses in those areas. in order to assess the presence and prevalence of various pathogens in southern italy, we retrospectively analyzed cattle blood samples collected for a previous study in 2000 using reverse line blot (rlb) hybridization. the study had been carried out in three regions of southern italy on 1,500 randomly selected and apparently healthy adult cattle. rlb showed that ... | 2014 | 24614604 |
| development of a multiplex pcr assay for simultaneous detection of theileria annulata, babesia bovis and anaplasma marginale in cattle. | tropical theileriosis, bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis are tick-borne protozoan diseases that impose serious constraints on the health and productivity of domestic cattle in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. a common feature of these diseases is that, following recovery from primary infection, animals become persistent carriers of the pathogen and continue to play a critical role in disease epidemiology, acting as reservoirs of infection. this study describes development and eva ... | 2012 | 23183165 |
| targeted silencing of the aquaporin 2 gene of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus reduces tick fitness. | ticks are blood-feeding arthropods that can affect human and animal health both directly by blood-feeding and indirectly by transmitting pathogens. the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is one of the most economically important ectoparasites of bovines worldwide and it is responsible for the transmission of the protozoan babesia bovis, the etiological agent of bovine babesiosis. aquaporins (aqps) are water channel proteins implicated in physiological mechanisms of osmoregulation. m ... | 2015 | 26626727 |
| widespread movement of invasive cattle fever ticks (rhipicephalus microplus) in southern texas leads to shared local infestations on cattle and deer. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is a highly-invasive tick that transmits the cattle parasites (babesia bovis and b. bigemina) that cause cattle fever. r. microplus and babesia are endemic in mexico and ticks persist in the united states inside a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the rio grande. this containment area is threatened by unregulated movements of illegal cattle and wildlife like white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus). | 2014 | 24742041 |
| invasive potential of cattle fever ticks in the southern united states. | for >100 years cattle production in the southern united states has been threatened by cattle fever. it is caused by an invasive parasite-vector complex that includes the protozoan hemoparasites babesia bovis and b. bigemina, which are transmitted among domestic cattle via rhipicephalus tick vectors of the subgenus boophilus. in 1906 an eradication effort was started and by 1943 boophilus ticks had been confined to a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the texas-mexico border. ho ... | 2014 | 24742062 |
| transfected babesia bovis expressing a tick gst as a live vector vaccine. | the rhipicephalus microplus tick is a notorious blood-feeding ectoparasite of livestock, especially cattle, responsible for massive losses in animal production. it is the main vector for transmission of pathogenic bacteria and parasites, including babesia bovis, an intraerythrocytic apicomplexan protozoan parasite responsible for bovine babesiosis. this study describes the development and testing of a live b. bovis vaccine expressing the protective tick antigen glutathione-s-transferase from hae ... | 2016 | 27911903 |
| natural babesia bovis infection in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) and crossbred cattle under field conditions in egypt: a preliminary study. | there is a little or no data available on the natural babesia bovis (b. bovis) infection in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) comparing to the available one for cattle. this study was conducted to investigate the natural b. bovis infection in water buffaloes in comparison to crossbred cattle under field conditions in egypt. | 2013 | 25629060 |
| current advances in detection and treatment of babesiosis. | babesiosis is a disease with a world-wide distribution affecting many species of mammals principally cattle and man. the major impact occurs in the cattle industry where bovine babesiosis has had a huge economic effect due to loss of meat and beef production of infected animals and death. nowadays to those costs there must be added the high cost of tick control, disease detection, prevention and treatment. in almost a century and a quarter since the first report of the disease, the truth is: the ... | 0 | 22360483 |
| a recombinant multi-antigen vaccine formulation containing babesia bovis merozoite surface antigens msa-2a1, msa-2b and msa-2c elicits invasion-inhibitory antibodies and ifn-γ producing cells. | babesia bovis is a tick-transmitted protozoan hemoparasite and the causative agent of bovine babesiosis, a potential risk to more than 500 million cattle worldwide. the vaccines currently available are based on attenuated parasites, which are difficult to produce, and are only recommended for use in bovines under one year of age. when used in older animals, these vaccines may cause life-threatening clinical symptoms and eventually death. the development of a multi-subunit recombinant vaccine aga ... | 2016 | 27842609 |
| expression of 6-cys gene superfamily defines babesia bovis sexual stage development within rhipicephalus microplus. | babesia bovis, an intra-erythrocytic tick-borne apicomplexan protozoan, is one of the causative agents of bovine babesiosis. its life cycle includes sexual reproduction within cattle fever ticks, rhipicephalus spp. six b. bovis 6-cys gene superfamily members were previously identified (a, b, c, d, e, f) where their orthologues in plasmodium parasite have been shown to encode for proteins required for the development of sexual stages. the current study identified four additional 6-cys genes (g, h ... | 2016 | 27668751 |
| a virulent babesia bovis strain failed to infect white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | wildlife are an important component in the vector-host-pathogen triangle of livestock diseases, as they maintain biological vectors that transmit pathogens and can serve as reservoirs for such infectious pathogens. babesia bovis is a tick-borne pathogen, vectored by cattle fever ticks, rhipicephalus spp., that can cause up to 90% mortality in naive adult cattle. while cattle are the primary host for cattle fever ticks, wild and exotic ungulates, including white-tailed deer (wtd), are known to be ... | 2015 | 26083429 |
| tick passage results in enhanced attenuation of babesia bovis. | serial blood passage of virulent babesia bovis in splenectomized cattle results in attenuated derivatives that do not cause neurologic disease. tick transmissibility can be lost with attenuation, but when retained, attenuated b. bovis can revert to virulence following tick passage. this study provides data showing that tick passage of the partially attenuated b. bovis t2bo derivative strain further decreased virulence compared with intravenous inoculation of the same strain in infected animals. ... | 2014 | 25114111 |
| targeted surface expression of an exogenous antigen in stably transfected babesia bovis. | babesia bovis is a tick-borne intraerythocytic protozoan responsible for acute disease in cattle which can be controlled by vaccination with attenuated b. bovis strains. emerging b. bovis transfection technologies may increase the usefulness of these live vaccines. one use of transfected b. bovis parasites may be as a vaccine delivery platform. previous transfection methods for b. bovis were limited by single expression sites and intracellular expression of transfected antigens. this study descr ... | 2014 | 24840336 |
| comparative bioinformatics analysis of transcription factor genes indicates conservation of key regulatory domains among babesia bovis, babesia microti, and theileria equi. | apicomplexa tick-borne hemoparasites, including babesia bovis, babesia microti, and theileria equi are responsible for bovine and human babesiosis and equine theileriosis, respectively. these parasites of vast medical, epidemiological, and economic impact have complex life cycles in their vertebrate and tick hosts. large gaps in knowledge concerning the mechanisms used by these parasites for gene regulation remain. regulatory genes coding for dna binding proteins such as members of the api-ap2, ... | 2016 | 27832060 |
| cultivation of parasites. | parasite cultivation techniques constitute a substantial segment of present-day study of parasites, especially of protozoa. success in establishing in vitro and in vivo culture of parasites not only allows their physiology, behavior and metabolism to be studied dynamically, but also allows the nature of the antigenic molecules in the excretory and secretory products to be vigorously pursued and analyzed. the complex life-cycles of various parasites having different stages and host species requir ... | 0 | 25250227 |
| type-specific pcr assays for babesia bovis msa-1 genotypes in asia: revisiting the genetic diversity in sri lanka, mongolia, and vietnam. | babesia bovis is the most virulent babesia organism, resulting in a high mortality rate in cattle. the genetic diversity of b. bovis merozoite surface antigens (msas), such as msa-1, msa-2b, and msa-2c, might be linked to altered immune profiles in the host animals. the present study aimed to develop type-specific pcr assays for asian msa-1 genotypes, thereby re-analyzing the genetic diversity of msa-1 in sri lanka, mongolia, and vietnam. specific primers were designed for nine asian msa-1 genot ... | 2016 | 26520797 |
| molecular detection and genetic diversity of bovine babesia spp., theileria orientalis, and anaplasma marginale in beef cattle in thailand. | babesia spp., theileria orientalis, and anaplasma marginale are significant tick-borne pathogens that affect the health and productivity of cattle in tropical and subtropical areas. in this study, we used pcr to detect the presence of babesia bovis, babesia bigemina, and t. orientalis in 279 beef cattle from western thailand and a. marginale in 608 beef cattle from the north, northeastern, and western regions. the pcrs were performed using species-specific primers based on the b. bovis spherical ... | 2017 | 28028631 |
| parasitological and molecular surveys reveal high rates of infection with vector-borne pathogens and clinical anemia signs associated with infection in cattle from two important livestock areas in colombia. | in colombia, vector-borne diseases are one of the most important problems in the livestock industry. the present study reports parasitological and molecular surveys of vector-borne pathogens in cattle from two high-value livestock areas in colombia. a total of 464 samples (226 from antioquia and 238 from arauca) were analyzed. while the blood smear analysis identified 98 (21.1%), 14 (3.0%) and 30 (6.5%) positive samples for anaplasma spp., babesia spp. and trypanosoma spp., respectively, the mol ... | 2017 | 27956049 |
| a comparison of dna extraction protocols from blood spotted on fta cards for the detection of tick-borne pathogens by reverse line blot hybridization. | an essential step in the molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens (tbps) in blood is the extraction of dna. when cooled storage of blood under field conditions prior to dna extraction in a dedicated laboratory is not possible, the storage of blood on filter paper forms a promising alternative. we evaluated six dna extraction methods from blood spotted on fta classic(®) cards (fta cards), to determine the optimal protocol for the subsequent molecular detection of tbps by pcr and the reverse li ... | 2017 | 27825733 |
| seroprevalence of babesia bovis, b. bigemina, trypanosoma evansi, and anaplasma marginale antibodies in cattle in southern egypt. | babesia bovis, b. bigemina, trypanosoma evansi, and anaplasma marginale infections cause serious diseases in cattle, and are primarily transmitted by arthropod vectors (ticks for b. bovis, b. bigemina, and a. marginale and various types of flies for t. evansi). in the last few years, there have been many reports of a high prevalence of certain protozoan infections in northern egypt, but no accurate or adequate data are available for the southern regions. therefore, in this study, we screened for ... | 2017 | 27789159 |
| transplacental transmission of bovine tick-borne pathogens: frequency, co-infections and fatal neonatal anaplasmosis in a region of enzootic stability in the northeast of brazil. | bovine tick-borne disease (tbd) constitutes a worldwide group of diseases that result in great losses for dairy and beef cattle. with regard to the epidemiological profile of the diseases, the importance of transplacental transmission is still not very well understood. the aim of this study was to determine the transplacental transmission of tbd agents (anaplasma marginale, babesia bovis and b. bigemina) in a herd of dairy cattle that had been naturally infected in an area of enzootic stability ... | 2016 | 26613663 |
| identification of a vertically transmitted strain from anaplasma marginale (ufmg3): molecular and phylogenetic characterization, and evaluation of virulence. | bovine anaplasmosis is a disease caused by the intraerythrocytic rickettsia species anaplasma marginale and results in great economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions. vertical transmission is an important phenomenon that contributes to the persistence of different strains of the agent within the same herd. the identification of new strains and genetic characterization studies are essential to understanding their epidemiology and virulence and for vaccine development. the aim of this s ... | 2016 | 26381444 |
| molecular epidemiological survey and genetic analysis of vector-borne infections of cattle in luzon island, the philippines. | in the philippines, vector-borne disease is one of the important problems in the livestock industry. to elucidate the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in cattle on luzon island, the philippines, the prevalence of five protozoan agents was assessed by polymerase chain reaction. out of the 339 samples, 324 (95.5%), 154 (45.4%), 209 (61.6%), 140 (41.3%), and 2 (0.6%) were positive for anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, babesia bovis, theileria spp., and trypanosoma evansi infections, respe ... | 2015 | 26138152 |
| pharmacological characterization of a tyramine receptor from the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the southern cattle tick (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus) is a hematophagous external parasite that vectors the causative agents of bovine babesiosis or cattle tick fever, babesia bovis and b. bigemina, and anaplasmosis, anaplasma marginale. the southern cattle tick is a threat to the livestock industry in many locations throughout the world. control methods include the use of chemical acaricides including amitraz, a formamidine insecticide, which is proposed to activate octopamine receptor ... | 2015 | 25958152 |
| occurrence of haemoparasites in cattle in monduli district, northern tanzania. | haemoparasite infections are among the most economically important cattle diseases in sub-saharan africa. the present study investigated the occurrence of haemoparasites in 295 indigenous cattle from five villages (mswakini, lake manyara, naitolia, makuyuni and nanja) of the monduli district, a wildlife-domestic animal-human interface area in northern tanzania. the data showed that the overall occurrence of haemoparasites in the sampled cattle was 12.5% (95% ci: 8.7% - 16.3%), involving single a ... | 2014 | 25685864 |
| molecular biological identification of babesia, theileria, and anaplasma species in cattle in egypt using pcr assays, gene sequence analysis and a novel dna microarray. | in this preliminary study, a novel dna microarray system was tested for the diagnosis of bovine piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in comparison with microscopy and pcr assay results. in the dakahlia governorate, egypt, 164 cattle were investigated for the presence of piroplasms and anaplasma species. all investigated cattle were clinically examined. blood samples were screened for the presence of blood parasites using microscopy and pcr assays. seventy-one animals were acutely ill, whereas 93 were ... | 2015 | 25591406 |
| species distribution modelling for rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in benin, west africa: comparing datasets and modelling algorithms. | rhipicephalus microplus is one of the most widely distributed and economically important ticks, transmitting babesia bigemina, b. bovis and anaplasma marginale. it was recently introduced to west africa on live animals originating from brazil. knowing the precise environmental suitability for the tick would allow veterinary health officials to draft vector control strategies for different regions of the country. to test the performance of modelling algorithms and different sets of environmental ... | 2015 | 25466219 |
| study of vitellogenin in boophilus annulatus tick larvae and its immunological aspects. | boophilus annulatus is an important one-host tick in the mediterranean regions and iran. it can transmit the babesia bigemina, babesia bovis and anaplasma marginale to cattle. nowadays, immunization programs by tick proteins is one of the potential methods for the control and prevention of tick infestations. therefore, the characterization and identification of various tick proteins are necessary. vitellogenin is a precursor of vitellin that is produced in mid gut cells and fat bodies in ticks. ... | 2014 | 25382465 |
| first evaluation of an outbreak of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis in southern brazil using multiplex pcr. | outbreaks of tick-borne disease cases in santa catarina, brazil are known, but the presence of the pathogen dna has never been determined. in this study, the first survey of anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, and babesia bovis dna on blood samples of 33 cattle from an outbreak in ponte alta municipality, santa catarina, brazil, has been carried out. a multiplex pcr detected 54.5% of animals were co-infected with 2 or 3 parasites, while 24.2% were infected with only 1 species. the most preval ... | 2014 | 25352699 |
| bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis complex: diagnosis and evaluation of the risk factors from bahia, brazil. | direct diagnoses were made by using - blood smears and nested pcr (npcr) tests on 309 blood samples from crossbred dairy cattle in the municipality of ibicaraí, bahia. from diagnostic blood smear slides, the observed parasitic frequencies were 31.1% for anaplasma marginale and 20.4% for babesia sp. from npcr diagnoses, they were 63% for a. marginale, 34% for babesia bigemina and 20.4% for babesia bovis. there were significant differences (p <0.01) between the two diagnostic methods (npcr and blo ... | 2016 | 25271452 |
| prevalence survey of selected bovine pathogens in water buffaloes in the north region of brazil. | although the largest buffalo herd in the occident is in the north region of brazil, few studies have been conducted to assess the prevalence of selected parasitic diseases in buffalo herd. the present study was therefore conducted to investigate the epidemiological of toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, and babesia bovis in water buffaloes in the north region of brazil. a total of 4796 buffalo blood samples were randomly collected from five provinces and s ... | 2014 | 24563780 |
| a proline racemase based pcr for identification of trypanosoma vivax in cattle blood. | a study was conducted to develop a trypanosoma vivax (t. vivax) specific pcr based on the t. vivax proline racemase (tvprac) gene. forward and reverse primers were designed that bind at 764-783 bp and 983-1002 bp of the gene. to assess its specificity, tvprac pcr was conducted on dna extracted from different haemotropic pathogens: t. vivax from nigeria, ethiopia and venezuela, t. congolense savannah type, t. brucei brucei, t. evansi, t. equiperdum, t. theileri, theileria parva, anaplasma margina ... | 2014 | 24416292 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors for cattle anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and trypanosomiasis in a brazilian semiarid region. | the seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, babesia bovis and trypanosoma vivax and the risk factors for these infections were investigated in 509 cows on 37 farms in the semiarid region of paraíba, northeastern brazil. cow serum samples were tested by means of immunofluorescence assay (ifa) against each specific antigen. the mean seroprevalence values per farm were 15.0% (range: 0-75%) for a. marginale, 9.5% (range: 0-40%) for b. bigemina and 26.9% (range: 0-73.7%) for b. bovis ... | 2013 | 23802235 |
| association of bola-drb3 alleles with tick-borne disease tolerance in dairy cattle in a tropical environment. | tick-borne disease is one of the most harmful tropical diseases in dairy production. selection of dairy cows for tolerance to tick-borne disease is a challenging concept for dairy breeders in the tropics. the objectives of this study were (1) to detect specific tick-borne pathogen in cattle of different genetics and (2) to examine the polymorphisms of drb3.2 alleles in thai dairy cattle and find the allelic association with tick-borne disease tolerance. specific primers to anaplasma marginale (a ... | 2013 | 23571121 |
| molecular survey of bovine vector-borne pathogens in cebu, philippines. | vector-borne diseases (vbds) continue to threaten the worldwide livestock industry, but comprehensive epidemiological surveys on such diseases have not been conducted in the philippines. in the present study, we screened 408 bovine blood samples from 9 areas in cebu, philippines, for various vbd pathogens using specific pcr assays. the results revealed prevalences of 54.7, 15.4, 10.0, and 12.0% for anaplasma spp., babesia bigemina, babesia bovis, and trypanosoma (tr.) theileri, respectively. in ... | 2013 | 23499481 |
| prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in adult dermacentor spp. ticks from nine collection sites in france. | the importance of dermacentor spp. in the transmission of tick-borne pathogens is not well recognized in europe. to investigate the role of dermacentor spp. in the transmission of tick-borne pathogens, questing ticks were collected in 9 sites from southern to northwestern france (camargue delta to eastern brittany) where dermacentor spp. exist and tick-borne diseases had occurred previously. three tick species were collected during the spring and autumn of 2009. collected ticks (both males and f ... | 2013 | 23421886 |
| rapid identification and differentiation of theileria sergenti and theileria sinensis using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay. | the present study developed and validated a species-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the rapid detection and discrimination of two benign bovine theileria species -t. sergenti and t. sinensis. the lamp assay is inexpensive and easy to perform and involves a rapid reaction-the amplification can be performed in 55 min or 50 min under isothermal conditions of 61°c or 63°c, respectively, by employing a set of four species-specific primer mixtures. the results can be c ... | 2013 | 22947247 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method based on two species-specific primer sets for the rapid identification of chinese babesia bovis and b. bigemina. | bovine babesiosis is a tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan disease that is mainly caused by babesia bovis and/or babesia bigemina and is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. this disease is widespread in most parts of china. however, it is difficult to rapidly discriminate between the b. bovis and b. bigemina species. to detect and distinguish these species, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) platform that targets specific sequences of the internal transcribed ... | 2012 | 22849831 |