| metabolomics to detect response of lettuce (lactuca sativa) to cu(oh)2 nanopesticides: oxidative stress response and detoxification mechanisms. | there has been an increasing influx of nanopesticides into agriculture in recent years. understanding the interaction between nanopesticides and edible plants is crucial in evaluating the potential impact of nanotechnology on the environment and agriculture. here we exposed lettuce plants to cu(oh)2 nanopesticides (1050-2100 mg/l) through foliar spray for one month. inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms) results indicate that 97-99% (1353-2501 mg/kg) of copper was sequestered in t ... | 2016 | 27483188 |
| evaluation of the allelopathic potential of leaf, stem, and root extracts of ocotea pulchella nees et mart. | despite the increase in recent decades in herbicide research on the potential of native plants, current knowledge is considered to be low. very few studies have been carried out on the chemical profile or the biological activity of the brazilian savanna (cerrado) species. in the study reported here, the allelopathic activity of acoet and meoh extracts of leaves, stems, and roots from ocotea pulchella nees was evaluated. the extracts were assayed on etiolated wheat coleoptiles. the acoet leaf ext ... | 2016 | 27482860 |
| on hybridising lettuce seedlings with nanoparticles and the resultant effects on the organisms' electrical characteristics. | lettuce seedlings are attracting interest in the computing world due to their capacity to become hybrid circuit components, more specifically, in the creation of living 'wires'. previous studies have shown that seedlings can be hybridised with gold nanoparticles and withstand mild electrical currents. in this study, lettuce seedlings were hybridised with a variety of metallic and non-metallic nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, aluminium oxide and calcium phosphate. toxic effects an ... | 2016 | 27424022 |
| rapid identification of lettuce seed germination mutants by bulked segregant analysis and whole genome sequencing. | lettuce (lactuca sativa) seeds exhibit thermoinhibition, or failure to complete germination when imbibed at warm temperatures. chemical mutagenesis was employed to develop lettuce lines that exhibit germination thermotolerance. two independent thermotolerant lettuce seed mutant lines, tg01 and tg10, were generated through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. genetic and physiological analyses indicated that these two mutations were allelic and recessive. to identify the causal gene(s), we applied ... | 2016 | 27406937 |
| deficit irrigation reduces postharvest rib pinking in wholehead iceberg lettuce, but at the expense of head fresh weight. | postharvest pinking is a serious issue affecting lettuce quality. previous studies suggested the possibility of using deficit irrigation to control discolouration; however, this approach may also affect yield. this study investigated the effect of varying irrigation deficits on iceberg lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) to determine the relationship between irrigation deficit, pinking and fresh weight. | 2017 | 27404345 |
| zinc excess triggered polyamines accumulation in lettuce root metabolome, as compared to osmotic stress under high salinity. | abiotic stresses such as salinity and metal contaminations are the major environmental stresses that adversely affect crop productivity worldwide. crop responses and tolerance to abiotic stress are complex processes for which "-omic" approaches such as metabolomics is giving us a newest view of biological systems. the aim of the current research was to assess metabolic changes in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), by specifically probing the root metabolome of plants exposed to elevated isomolar conce ... | 2016 | 27375675 |
| ecotoxicological impact of two soil remediation treatments in lactuca sativa seeds. | pharmaceuticals have been identified as environmental emerging pollutants and are present in different compartments, including soils. chemical remediation showed to be a good and suitable approach for soil remediation, though the knowledge in their impact for terrestrial organisms is still limited. therefore, in this work, two different chemical remediation treatments (fenton oxidation and nanoremediation) were applied to a soil contaminated with an environmental representative concentration of ... | 2016 | 27289206 |
| selective toxin effects on faster and slower growing individuals in the formation of hormesis at the population level - a case study with lactuca sativa and pcib. | natural plant populations have large phenotypic plasticity that enhances acclimation to local stress factors such as toxin exposures. while consequences of high toxin exposures are well addressed, effects of low-dose toxin exposures on plant populations are seldom investigated. in particular, the importance of 'selective low-dose toxicity' and hormesis, i.e. stimulatory effects, has not been studied simultaneously. since selective toxicity can change the size distribution of populations, we assu ... | 2016 | 27267716 |
| do phytotoxic allelochemicals remain in ashes after burning chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed)? | australia is facing challenges in controlling chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed). however, burning has achieved some success in this regard. we aimed to investigate the comparative phytotoxicity of boneseed dried powder and ashes (burnt at 450°c and 250°c). phenolic compounds in powder and ashes were measured using folin-ciocalteu assay and hplc. the phytotoxicity of boneseed powder and ash extracts was assessed through germination bioassay on lactuca sativa and the phytoto ... | 2016 | 27266307 |
| high-throughput growth prediction for lactuca sativa l. seedlings using chlorophyll fluorescence in a plant factory with artificial lighting. | poorly grown plants that result from differences in individuals lead to large profit losses for plant factories that use large electric power sources for cultivation. thus, identifying and culling the low-grade plants at an early stage, using so-called seedlings diagnosis technology, plays an important role in avoiding large losses in plant factories. in this study, we developed a high-throughput diagnosis system using the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence (cf) in a commercial large-scale ... | 2016 | 27242805 |
| assessment of the impact of aluminum on germination, early growth and free proline content in lactuca sativa l. | aluminum (al) toxicity is a major problem in crop production on acid soils. the use of industrial or municipal wastewaters, which may be contaminated with metals, for irrigation in agriculture is common over the world. this action can increase the concentration of these agents in the soil and decrease crops yields. in order to evaluate the toxicological effects of recommended al levels in irrigation water, under acidic conditions, on lettuce, seeds of two cultivars ("cv reine de mai" and "cv whi ... | 2016 | 27229755 |
| macroelemental composition of cadmium stressed lettuce plants grown under conditions of intensive sulphur nutrition. | lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is moderately sensitive to cadmium (cd) and shows high accumulation of this metal. thus, this species is considered to be a good model for both identifying determinants controlling cd accumulation in plant tissues and for developing breeding strategies aimed at limiting the accumulation of this metal in edible tissues. simultaneously, lettuce is characterised by medium requirements for sulphur (s) - a macronutrient whose role is associated not only with proper growth ... | 2016 | 27203699 |
| phytotoxicity of soluble graphitic nanofibers to model plant species. | carbon nanomaterials are considered promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and electronics. this has motivated study of their potential environmental toxicity. recently, a novel nanomaterial consisting of graphene oxide wrapped around a carbon nanotube (cnt) core was synthesized. the resulting soluble graphitic nanofibers were found to have superior catalytic properties, which could result in their use in fuel cells. before this material undergoes widespread use, its environmen ... | 2016 | 27153481 |
| effect of soil biochar concentration on the mitigation of emerging organic contaminant uptake in lettuce. | although crop uptake of emerging organic contaminants (eoc) from irrigation water and soils has been previously reported, successful mitigation strategies have not yet been established. in this study, soil was amended with a wood-based biochar (bc) at two rates (0, 2.5 and 5% w/w) to evaluate the effect on mitigation of eoc uptake (i.e. bisphenol a, caffeine, carbamazepine, clofibric acid, furosemide, ibuprofen, methyl dihydrojasmonate, tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, triclosan, and tonalide) in l ... | 2017 | 27143287 |
| physiological mechanisms to cope with cr(vi) toxicity in lettuce: can lettuce be used in cr phytoremediation? | this research aims at identifying the main deleterious effects of cr(vi) on the photosynthetic apparatus and at selecting the most sensitive endpoints related to photosynthesis. to achieve this goal, we used lettuce (lactuca sativa), a sensible ecotoxicological crop model. three-week-old plants were exposed to 0, 50, 150 and 200 mg l(-1) of cr(vi). these concentrations ranged from levels admitted in irrigation waters to values found in several cr industry effluents and heavily contaminated envir ... | 2016 | 27130342 |
| inhibitory effect of marine green algal extracts on germination of lactuca sativa seeds. | the allelopathic potential of nine green seaweed species was examined based on germination and seedling growth of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). out of nine methanol extracts, capsosiphon fulvescens and monostroma nitidum extracts completely inhibited germination of l. sativa at 4 mg/filter paper after 24 hr of treatment. water extracts of these seaweeds generally showed low anti-germination activities than methanol extracts. of the nine water extracts, enteromorpha linza extract completely inhibi ... | 2016 | 27097439 |
| allelochemicals from the rhizosphere soil of cultivated astragalus hoantchy. | astragalus hoantchy, a widely cultivated medicinal plant species in traditional chinese and mongolian medicine, has been often hampered by replant failure during cultivation, like many other herbs of the genus astragalus. root aqueous extracts of astragalus herbs were reported to exhibit allelopathic activity against other plants and autotoxic activity on their own seedlings, but the allelochemicals released by astragalus plants have not been specified so far. ten compounds were isolated from th ... | 2016 | 27074954 |
| evaluating the combined toxicity of cu and zno nanoparticles: utility of the concept of additivity and a nested experimental design. | little is understood regarding the effects of mixtures of different metal-based nanoparticles (nps). using concentration-addition (ca) and independent-action (ia) models, we evaluated the combined toxicity of cu and zno nps based on five nested combinations, i.e., cu(no3)2-cunps, zn(no3)2-znonps, cu(no3)2-znonps, zn(no3)2-cunps, and cunps-znonps on root elongation of lactuca sativa l. the ca and ia models performed equally well in estimating the toxicity of mixtures of cu(no3)2-cunps, zn(no3)2-z ... | 2016 | 27070131 |
| genetic control of water and nitrate capture and their use efficiency in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). | robustness in lettuce, defined as the ability to produce stable yields across a wide range of environments, may be associated with below-ground traits such as water and nitrate capture. in lettuce, research on the role of root traits in resource acquisition has been rather limited. exploring genetic variation for such traits and shoot performance in lettuce across environments can contribute to breeding for robustness. a population of 142 lettuce cultivars was evaluated during two seasons (sprin ... | 2016 | 27064203 |
| ecotoxicity of titanium silicon oxide (tisio4) nanomaterial for terrestrial plants and soil invertebrate species. | the huge evolution of nanotechnology and the commercialization of nanomaterials (nms) positively contributed for innovation in several industrial sectors. facing this rapid development and the emergence of nms in the market, the release of this nanometric sized materials in the environment and the possible impact on different ecosystem components attracted the attention of researchers in the last few years. in our study we aimed to assess the impact of titanium silicon oxide nanomaterial (nano-t ... | 2016 | 27060256 |
| root zone cooling and exogenous spermidine root-pretreatment promoting lactuca sativa l. growth and photosynthesis in the high-temperature season. | root zone high-temperature stress is a major factor limiting hydroponic plant growth during the high-temperature season. the effects of root zone cooling (rzc; at 25°c) and exogenous spermidine (spd) root-pretreatment (srp, 0.1 mm) on growth, leaf photosynthetic traits, and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of hydroponic lactuca sativa l. grown in a high-temperature season (average temperature > 30°c) were examined. both treatments significantly promoted plant growth and photosynthesis in ... | 2016 | 27047532 |
| standardization of unani antidiabetic tablet - qurse tabasheer. | quality control of unani polyherbal formulations is the need of the day for better acceptance of unani medicine. qurse tabasheer (qt) is a unani polyherbal formulation containing six ingredients, tabasheer (siliceous concretions) (bambosa arundinaceae retz.), gule surkh (rosa damascena mill. flower), gulnar (punica granatum linn. flower), tukhme kahu (lactuca sativa linn. seed), tukhme khurfa (portulaca oleraceae linn. seed), and gile armani (bole) widely used in treatment of diabetes. the prese ... | 2017 | 27034607 |
| abscisic acid and ethephon regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap and radicle during lettuce seed germination. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cellulase in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seed germination. the application of abscisic acid (aba) or ethephon inhibits or promotes germination, respectively, by affecting endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation. cellulase activities, and related protein and transcript abundances of two lettuce cellulase genes, lscel1 and lscel2, increase in the endosperm cap and radicle prior to ... | 2016 | 27017965 |
| leaf morphology, photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) exposed to different ratios of red light to blue light. | red and blue light are both vital factors for plant growth and development. we examined how different ratios of red light to blue light (r/b) provided by light-emitting diodes affected photosynthetic performance by investigating parameters related to photosynthesis, including leaf morphology, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development, light response curve, and nitrogen content. in this study, lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) were exposed to 200 μmol⋅m(-2)⋅s(-1) irradi ... | 2016 | 27014285 |
| improving light distribution by zoom lens for electricity savings in a plant factory with light-emitting diodes. | the high energy consumption of a plant factory is the biggest issue in its rapid expansion, especially for lighting electricity, which has been solved to a large extent by light-emitting diodes (led). however, the remarkable potential for further energy savings remains to be further investigated. in this study, an optical system applied just below the led was designed. the effects of the system on the growth and photosynthesis of butterhead lettuce (lactuca sativa var. capitata) were examined, a ... | 2016 | 26904062 |
| roles of mpbq-mt in promoting α/γ-tocopherol production and photosynthesis under high light in lettuce. | 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1, 4-benzoquinol methyltransferase (mpbq-mt) is a vital enzyme catalyzing a key methylation step in both α/γ-tocopherol and plastoquinone biosynthetic pathway. in this study, the gene encoding mpbq-mt was isolated from lettuce (lactuca sativa) by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), named lsmt. overexpression of lsmt in lettuce brought about a significant increase of α- and γ-tocopherol contents with a reduction of phylloquinone (vitamin k1) content, suggesting a competitio ... | 2016 | 26867015 |
| the allelopathic effects of invasive plant solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of lactuca sativa enhanced by different types of acid deposition. | invasive species can exhibit allelopathic effects on native species. meanwhile, the types of acid deposition are gradually changing. thus, the allelopathic effects of invasive species on seed germination and growth of native species may be altered or even enhanced under conditions with diversified acid deposition. this study aims to assess the allelopathic effects (using leaves extracts) of invasive plant solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of native species lactuca sativa treated ... | 2016 | 26826094 |
| mercury induced haemocyte alterations in the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus as novel biomarker. | the aim of the present work was to study the response of a suite of cellular and biochemical markers in the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus exposed to mercury in view of future use as sensitive tool suitable for mercury polluted soil monitoring and assessment. besides standardized biomarkers (metallothionein, acetylcholinesterase, and lysosomal membrane stability) novel cellular biomarkers on haemolymph cells were analyzed, including changes in the spread cells/round cells ratio and haemocyt ... | 2016 | 26811906 |
| transcriptome profiling of caco-2 cancer cell line following treatment with extracts from iodine-biofortified lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). | although iodization of salt is the most common method used to obtain iodine-enriched food, iodine deficiency disorders are still a global health problem and profoundly affect the quality of human life. iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial regulators of human metabolism, cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and have been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis. in this study, for the first time, we evaluated the effect of iodine-biofortified lettuce on tr ... | 2016 | 26799209 |
| co₂ enrichment can produce high red leaf lettuce yield while increasing most flavonoid glycoside and some caffeic acid derivative concentrations. | carbon dioxide (co2) enrichment is a common practice in greenhouses to increase crop yields up to 30%. yet, reports on the effect on foliar phenolic compounds vary. we studied the effect on two red leaf lettuce cultivars, grown for 25 days in growth chambers at co2 concentrations of 200 or 1,000 ppm, with some plants exchanged between treatments after 11 days. as expected, head mass increased with higher co2 concentration. regression analysis, corrected for head mass, showed increased concentrat ... | 2016 | 26776031 |
| structural and sensory characterization of novel sesquiterpene lactones from iceberg lettuce. | lactuca sativa var. capitate (iceberg lettuce) is a delicious vegetable and popular for its mild taste. nevertheless, iceberg lettuce is a source of bitter substances, such as the sesquiterpene lactones. chemical investigations on the n-butanol extract led to the isolation of three novel sesquiterpene lactones. all compounds were isolated by multilayer countercurrent chromatography followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. the structures were verified by means of spectrosco ... | 2016 | 26727458 |
| supplemental upward lighting from underneath to obtain higher marketable lettuce (lactuca sativa) leaf fresh weight by retarding senescence of outer leaves. | recently, the so-called "plant factory with artificial lighting" (pfal) approach has been developed to provide safe and steady food production. although pfals can produce high-yielding and high-quality plants, the high plant density in these systems accelerates leaf senescence in the bottom (or outer) leaves owing to shading by the upper (or inner) leaves and by neighboring plants. this decreases yield and increases labor costs for trimming. thus, the establishment of cultivation methods to reta ... | 2015 | 26697055 |
| cadmium uptake in above-ground parts of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). | because of its high cd uptake and translocation, lettuce is often used in cd contamination studies. however, there is a lack of information on cd accumulation in the above-ground parts of lettuce during the entire growing season. in this study, a field experiment was carried out in a cd-contaminated area. above-ground lettuce parts were sampled, and the cd content was measured using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (aas). the results showed that the cd concentration in the above-groun ... | 2016 | 26685781 |
| estimate of uptake and translocation of emerging organic contaminants from irrigation water concentration in lettuce grown under controlled conditions. | the widespread distribution of emerging organic contaminants (eocs) in the water cycle can lead to their incorporation in irrigated crops, posing a potential risk for human consumption. to gain further insight into the processes controlling the uptake of organic microcontaminants, batavia lettuce (lactuca sativa) grown under controlled conditions was watered with eocs (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, sulfonamides, β-blockers, phenolic estrogens, anticonvulsants, stimulants, polycyclic m ... | 2016 | 26651071 |
| photoprotection vs. photoinhibition of photosystem ii in transplastomic lettuce (lactuca sativa) dominantly accumulating astaxanthin. | transplastomic (chloroplast genome-modified; cgm) lettuce that dominantly accumulates astaxanthin grows similarly to a non-transgenic control with almost no accumulation of naturally occurring photosynthetic carotenoids. in this study, we evaluated the activity and assembly of psii in cgm lettuce. the maximum quantum yield of psii in cgm lettuce was <0.6; however, the quantum yield of psii was comparable with that in control leaves under higher light intensity. cgm lettuce showed a lower ability ... | 2016 | 26644463 |
| effect of spl (spent pot liner) and its main components on root growth, mitotic activity and phosphorylation of histone h3 in lactuca sativa l. | spent pot liner (spl) is a solid waste from the aluminum industry frequently disposed of in industrial landfills; it can be leached and contaminate the soil, sources of drinking water and plantations, and thus may pose a risk to human health and to ecosystems. its composition is high variable, including cyanide, fluoride and aluminum salts, which are highly toxic and environmental pollutants. this study evaluated the effect of spl and its main components on root growth and the mitosis of lactuca ... | 2016 | 26615478 |
| evidence of protaphorura fimata (collembola: poduromorpha: onychiuridae) feeding on germinating lettuce in the salinas valley of california. | a series of experiments were conducted to determine the impact of protaphorura fimata gisin (family: onychiuridae) feeding on seeds and germinating seedlings of lettuce, lactuca sativa l. (asteraceae). first, various densities of p. fimata were incubated with 25 lettuce seeds for 7 d and feeding injury was evaluated in three soilless arena experiments. as a second step, 100 p. fimata were incubated with 25 lettuce seeds in three arena experiments with soil media. finally, in a commercial field t ... | 2015 | 26470124 |
| phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity of essential oil from leaves of plectranthus amboinicus, carvacrol, and thymol in plant bioassays. | the essential oil of plectranthus amboinicus and its chemotypes, carvacrol and thymol, were evaluated on the germination and root and aerial growth of lactuca sativa and sorghum bicolor and in acting on the cell cycle of meristematic root cells of l. sativa. the main component found in the oil by analysis in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography flame ionization detection was carvacrol (88.61% in area). at a concentration of 0.120% (w v(-1)), the oil and its chemotypes reta ... | 2015 | 26416575 |
| isolation, identification, and autotoxicity effect of allelochemicals from rhizosphere soils of flue-cured tobacco. | autotoxicity, defined as a deleterious allelopathic effect among individuals of the same plant species, is considered as one of the factors that contributes to replant failure. tobacco, as an important cultured and economic crop over the world, has been often hampered by replant failure. in view of the seriousness of this problem, the allelochemicals of flue-cured tobacco and their allelopathic effects were investigated. the extracts of rhizosphere soil exhibited phytotoxic activities against la ... | 2015 | 26416408 |
| terrestrial trophic transfer of bulk and nanoparticle la2o3 does not depend on particle size. | the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of bulk and nanoparticle (np) la2o3 from soil through a terrestrial food chain was determined. to investigate the impact of growth conditions, lettuce (lactuca sativa) was grown in 350 or 1200 g of bulk/np amended soil. leaf tissues were fed to crickets (acheta domesticus) or darkling beetles (tenebrionoidea); select crickets were fed to mantises. in the small pot (350 g), la2o3 exposure reduced plant biomass by 23-30% and la tissue content did not differ ... | 2015 | 26356537 |
| effects of sodium nitroprusside (snp) pretreatment on uv-b stress tolerance in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seedlings. | ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that could influence plant growth, development, and productivity. nitric oxide (no) is an important plant growth regulator involved in a wide variety of physiological processes. in the present study, the possibility of enhancing uv-b stress tolerance of lettuce seedlings by the exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (snp) was investigated. uv-b radiation increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod ... | 2016 | 26330324 |
| bioavailability of silver and silver sulfide nanoparticles to lettuce (lactuca sativa): effect of agricultural amendments on plant uptake. | silver nanoparticles (agnps) can enter terrestrial systems as sulfidised agnps (ag2s-nps) through the application of biosolids to soil. however, the bioavailability of ag2s-nps in soils is unknown. the two aims of this study were to investigate (1) the bioavailability of ag to lettuce (lactuca sativa) using a soil amended with biosolids containing ag2s-nps and (2) the effect of commonly used agricultural fertilisers/amendments on the bioavailability of ag, agnps and ag2s-nps to lettuce. the stud ... | 2015 | 26322966 |
| fate and phytotoxicity of ceo2 nanoparticles on lettuce cultured in the potting soil environment. | cerium oxide nanoparticles (ceo2 nps) have been shown to have significant interactions in plants. previous study reported the specific-species phytotoxicity of ceo2 nps by lettuce (lactuca sativa), but their physiological impacts and vivo biotransformation are not yet well understood, especially in relative realistic environment. butterhead lettuce were germinated and grown in potting soil for 30 days cultivation with treatments of 0, 50, 100, 1000 mg ceo2 nps per kg soil. results showed that le ... | 2015 | 26317617 |
| development and comparison of four methods for the extraction of antibiotics from a vegetative matrix. | studies have shown the potential for antibiotic uptake into food crops from irrigation water and soils containing pharmaceuticals. the objective of the present study was to develop and compare methods quantifying uptake of antibiotics in food crops. four methods were evaluated: freeze-and-thaw cell lysing, mechanical maceration, tissue sonication, and microwave-assisted solvent extraction. four antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole) were tested representin ... | 2016 | 26291062 |
| lettuce contact allergy. | lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and its varieties are important vegetable crops worldwide. they are also well-known, rarely reported, causes of contact allergy. as lettuce allergens and extracts are not commercially available, the allergy may be underdiagnosed. the aims of this article are to present new data on lettuce contact allergy and review the literature. lettuce is weakly allergenic, and occupational cases are mainly reported. using aimed patch testing in compositae-allergic patients, two re ... | 2016 | 26289653 |
| de novo assembly and characterization of germinating lettuce seed transcriptome using illumina paired-end sequencing. | at supraoptimal temperature, germination of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seeds exhibits a typical germination thermoinhibition, which can be alleviated by sodium nitroprusside (snp) in a nitric oxide-dependent manner. however, the molecular mechanism of seed germination thermoinhibition and its alleviation by snp are poorly understood. in the present study, the lettuce seeds imbibed at optimal temperature in water or at supraoptimal temperature with or without 100 μm snp for different periods of ... | 2015 | 26263518 |
| the effects of different night-time temperatures and cultivation durations on the polyphenolic contents of lettuce: application of principal component analysis. | the present study was conducted to characterize the polyphenolic contents of lettuce leaves grown under different night-time temperatures (4, 12, and 20 °c) and cultivation durations (5, 15, and 20 days) using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc/ms/ms). the assay method was validated based on specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and the performance limit. the total polyphenolic contents were highest (2462.6 mg/kg) after transplantation at a night temperatu ... | 2015 | 26257947 |
| incorporating bioavailability into toxicity assessment of cu-ni, cu-cd, and ni-cd mixtures with the extended biotic ligand model and the wham-f(tox) approach. | there are only a limited number of studies that have developed appropriate models which incorporate bioavailability to estimate mixture toxicity. here, we explored the applicability of the extended biotic ligand model (blm) and the wham-f(tox) approach for predicting and interpreting mixture toxicity, with the assumption that interactions between metal ions obey the blm theory. seedlings of lettuce lactuca sativa were exposed to metal mixtures (cu-ni, cu-cd, and ni-cd) contained in hydroponic so ... | 2015 | 26250821 |
| development of predicted no effect concentration (pnec) for tcs to terrestrial species. | triclosan (tcs) is an important broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely utilized in a range of personal care products, and is therefore commonly found in the environment. a few studies have been conducted to investigate predicted no effect concentration (pnec) for tcs on terrestrial organisms. this could be due to lack of toxicity data especially chronic toxicity data for species on various taxonomic levels. in the present study, chronic toxicity of tcs on 6 terrestrial species (3 dicotyledono ... | 2015 | 26233766 |
| metallic nanoparticle (tio2 and fe3o4) application modifies rhizosphere phosphorus availability and uptake by lactuca sativa. | application of engineered nanoparticles (nps) with respect to nutrient uptake in plants is not yet well understood. the impacts of tio2 and fe3o4 nps on the availability of naturally soil-bound inorganic phosphorus (pi) to plants were studied along with relevant parameters. for this purpose, lactuca sativa (lettuce) was cultivated on the soil amended with tio2 and fe3o4 (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg kg(-1)) over a period of 90 days. different techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy ... | 2015 | 26194089 |
| statistically significant deviations from additivity: what do they mean in assessing toxicity of mixtures? | there is increasing attention from scientists and policy makers to the joint effects of multiple metals on organisms when present in a mixture. using root elongation of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) as a toxicity endpoint, the combined effects of binary mixtures of cu, cd, and ni were studied. the statistical mixtox model was used to search deviations from the reference models i.e. concentration addition (ca) and independent action (ia). the deviations were subsequently interpreted as 'interaction ... | 2015 | 26188643 |
| effects of sewage sludge amendment on snail growth and trace metal transfer in the soil-plant-snail food chain. | cu, zn, pb, and cd concentrations in a soil plant (lactuca sativa) continuum were measured after sewage sludge amendment. the effects of sewage sludge on growth and trace metal bioaccumulation in snails (cantareus aspersus) were investigated in a laboratory experiment specifically designed to identify contamination sources (e.g., soil and leaves). application of sewage sludge increased trace metal concentrations in topsoil. however, except zn, metal concentrations in lettuce leaves did not refle ... | 2015 | 26165994 |
| the effects of temperature on decomposition and allelopathic phytotoxicity of boneseed litter. | decomposition of plant litter is a fundamental process in ecosystem function, carbon and nutrient cycling and, by extension, climate change. this study aimed to investigate the role of temperature on the decomposition of water soluble phenolics (wsp), carbon and soil nutrients in conjunction with the phytotoxicity dynamics of chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed) litter. treatments consisted of three factors including decomposition materials (litter alone, litter with soil and ... | 2015 | 26141872 |
| evaluation of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and anti-coagulant properties of lactuca sativa (cv. grand rapids) plant tissues and cell suspension in rats. | lactuca sativa (lettuce) has been traditionally used for relieving pain, inflammation, stomach problems including indigestion and lack of appetite. moreover, the therapeutic significance of l. sativa includes its anticonvulsant, sedative-hypnotic and antioxidant properties. | 2015 | 26115918 |
| identification of octanal as plant growth inhibitory volatile compound released from heracleum sosnowskyi fruit. | heracleum sosnowskyi manden of the apiaceae family is a malignant invasive plant in eastern europe, belarus and russia. the species is known for its prolific seed production, which has been linked to the plant's invasive success. the fruit also has a strong aroma, but the contribution of the fruit's volatile constituent to out-compete neighboring plants has not been fully established. in this study, fruit volatiles of h. sosnowskyi and conspecifics (i.e. h. asperum, h. lescovii, h. dissectum, h. ... | 2015 | 26058155 |
| angelicin as the principal allelochemical in heracleum sosnowskyi fruit. | distribution patterns of furocoumarins in fruits of the invasive species heracleum sosnowskyi manden. (sosnowskyi's hogweed) during a cold stratification period were investigated. angelicin, bergapten, methoxalen and imperatorin were mainly localized in the fruit coats and their content varied depending on the fruit source. cold stratification treatment (90 days, 2-3 degrees c) reduced the content of furocoumarins in the fruit coats by more than two times, compared with those before stratificati ... | 2015 | 26058154 |
| phytotoxic substance with allelopathic activity in brachiaria decumbens. | the grass brachiaria decumbens becomes naturalized and quickly dominant in non-native areas. it was hypothesized that phytotoxic substances of plants may contribute to the domination and invasion of the plants. however, no potent phytotoxic substance has been reported in b. decumbens. therefore, we searched for phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity in this species. an aqueous methanol extract of b. decumbens inhibited the growth of roots and shoots of cress (lepidium sativum), lettuce ... | 2015 | 26058152 |
| semi-high throughput screening for potential drought-tolerance in lettuce (lactuca sativa) germplasm collections. | this protocol describes a method by which a large collection of the leafy green vegetable lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) germplasm was screened for likely drought-tolerance traits. fresh water availability for agricultural use is a growing concern across the united states as well as many regions of the world. short-term drought events along with regulatory intervention in the regulation of water availability coupled with the looming threat of long-term climate shifts that may lead to reduced precip ... | 2015 | 25938876 |
| internal distribution of cd in lettuce and resulting effects on cd trophic transfer to the snail: achatina fulica. | the mechanisms underlying cd trophic transfer along the soil-lettuce-snail food chain were investigated. the fate of cd within cells, revealed by assessment of cd chemical forms and of subcellular partitioning, differed between the two examined lettuce species that we examined (l. longifolia and l. crispa). the species-specific internal cd fate not only influenced cd burdens in lettuce, with higher cd levels in l. crispa, but also affected cd transfer efficiency to the consumer snail (achatina f ... | 2015 | 25930053 |
| innovative stride to zero hunger beyond 2015 in nigeria. | overcoming food and nutritional insecurity among the elderly, pregnant women and children under five years, remains a big challenge to human and sustainable development in many resourse- poor communities in developing countries, where over 57% of the people go to bed hungry. diversification of dietary habit to include derelict plant genetic resources which are cheap, readily available and affordable, could contribute to the daily dietary requirements of these resource poor people. this work was ... | 2015 | 25809384 |
| identifying n fertilizer regime and vegetable production system in tropical brazil using (15) n natural abundance. | this study was conducted in areas of vegetable production in tropical brazil, with the objectives of (i) measuring the variation in δ(15) n in soils, organic n fertilizer sources and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) from different farming systems, (ii) measuring whether plant δ(15) n can differentiate organic versus conventional lettuce and (iii) identifying the factors affecting lettuce δ(15) n. | 2015 | 25800588 |
| effects of microcystin-lr, cylindrospermopsin and a microcystin-lr/cylindrospermopsin mixture on growth, oxidative stress and mineral content in lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.). | toxic cyanobacterial blooms are documented worldwide as an emerging environmental concern. recent studies support the hypothesis that microcystin-lr (mc-lr) and cylindrospermopsin (cyn) produce toxic effects in crop plants. lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is an important commercial leafy vegetable that supplies essential elements for human nutrition; thus, the study of its sensitivity to mc-lr, cyn and a mc-lr/cyn mixture is of major relevance. this study aimed to assess the effects of environmental ... | 2015 | 25768423 |
| predawn and high intensity application of supplemental blue light decreases the quantum yield of psii and enhances the amount of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and pigments in lactuca sativa. | to evaluate the effect of blue light intensity and timing, two cultivars of lettuce [lactuca sativa cv. "batavia" (green) and cv. "lollo rossa" (red)] were grown in a greenhouse compartment in late winter under natural light and supplemental high pressure sodium (son-t) lamps yielding 90 (±10) μmol m(-2) s(-1) for up to 20 h, but never between 17:00 and 21:00. the temperature in the greenhouse compartments was 22/11°c day/night, respectively. the five light-emitting diode (led) light treatments ... | 2015 | 25767473 |
| evaluation of phytotoxicity and ecotoxicity potentials of a cyanobacterial extract containing microcystins under realistic environmental concentrations and in a soil-plant system. | the impact of a crude extract of microcystis aeruginosa (pcc7820) containing 14 microcystin variants was investigated on seeds germination and radicles development of four agricultural plants: two tomato varieties solanum lycopersicum (microtom and saint-pierre), the wheat triticum aestivum and the lettuce lactuca sativa. in addition, the effect of 14 d-exposure to irrigation water containing realistic concentrations of microcystins (0-0.1 mg eq. microcystin-lrl(-1)) on the tomato microtom seedl ... | 2015 | 25754013 |
| a kinetic model for estimating net photosynthetic rates of cos lettuce leaves under pulsed light. | time-averaged net photosynthetic rate (p n) under pulsed light (pl) is known to be affected by the pl frequency and duty ratio, even though the time-averaged photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd) is unchanged. this phenomenon can be explained by considering that photosynthetic intermediates (pis) are pooled during light periods and then consumed by partial photosynthetic reactions during dark periods. in this study, we developed a kinetic model to estimate p n of cos lettuce (lactuca sativa ... | 2015 | 25736464 |
| proteomic analysis of lettuce seed germination and thermoinhibition by sampling of individual seeds at germination and removal of storage proteins by polyethylene glycol fractionation. | germination and thermoinhibition in lettuce (lactuca sativa 'jianyexianfeng no. 1') seeds were investigated by a proteomic comparison among dry seeds, germinated seeds at 15°c, at 15°c after imbibition at 25°c for 48 h, or at 25°c in kno3 (all sampled individually at germination), and ungerminated seeds at 25°c, a thermoinhibitory temperature. before two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis, storage proteins (greater than 50% of total extractable protein) were removed by polyethylene glycol ... | 2015 | 25736209 |
| plasma membrane h(+)-atpase is involved in methyl jasmonate-induced root hair formation in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seedlings. | our results show that methyl jasmonate induces plasma membrane h (+) -atpase activity and subsequently influences the apoplastic ph of trichoblasts to maintain a cell wall ph environment appropriate for root hair development. root hairs, which arise from root epidermal cells, are tubular structures that increase the efficiency of water absorption and nutrient uptake. plant hormones are critical regulators of root hair development. in this study, we investigated the regulatory role of the plasma ... | 2015 | 25686579 |
| weather variability influences color and phenolic content of pigmented baby leaf lettuces throughout the season. | the lack of consistency in homogeneous color throughout the season of pigmented baby leaf lettuce is a problem for growers because of the rejection of the product and consequently the economic loss. changes in color as well as individual and total phenolic composition and content as a response to the climatic variables were studied following the analysis of three pigmented baby leaf lettuces over 16 consecutive weeks from february to may, which corresponded to the most important production seaso ... | 2015 | 25650715 |
| freshly characterization and storability of mini head lettuces at optimal and abusive temperatures. | selection of lettuce varieties less sensitive to quality deterioration and more tolerant to abusive temperatures during handling, transportation, and storage is essential to minimize economical and quality losses that affect both producers and consumers. this work was focused on the quality changes of four baby head lettuces (lactuca sativa l.), two butter (red and green) and two oak-leaf (red and green) types, during storage at 0 ℃ and 10 ℃ for 10 days. lettuce quality was determined by measuri ... | 2016 | 25631488 |
| lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) leaf-proteome profiles after exposure to cylindrospermopsin and a microcystin-lr/cylindrospermopsin mixture: a concentration-dependent response. | the intensification of agricultural productivity is an important challenge worldwide. however, environmental stressors can provide challenges to this intensification. the progressive occurrence of the cyanotoxins cylindrospermopsin (cyn) and microcystin-lr (mc-lr) as a potential consequence of eutrophication and climate change is of increasing concern in the agricultural sector because it has been reported that these cyanotoxins exert harmful effects in crop plants. a proteomic-based approach ha ... | 2015 | 25553582 |
| assessment of metal(loid)s phytoavailability in intensive agricultural soils by the application of single extractions to rhizosphere soil. | the influence of soil properties on the phytoavailability of metal(loid)s in a soil-plant system was evaluated. the content of extractable metal(loid)s obtained by using different extraction methods was also compared. to perform this study, a test plant (lactuca sativa) and rhizosphere soil were sampled at 5 different time points (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks of plant growth). four extraction methods (mehlich 3, dtpa, nh4no3 and cacl2) were used. significant positive correlations between the soil ext ... | 2015 | 25544651 |
| changes in the content of free and conjugated polyamines during lettuce (lactuca sativa) growth. | polyamines (pas) in plant foods are relevant due to the association of these bioactive nutrients with health and disease. the scope of the present study was to monitor the content of free, conjugated, and total (free + conjugated) putrescine (put), spermidine (spd), and spermine (spm) at five stages of lettuce growth in three different greenhouses. the daily intake of pas from lettuce consumption was estimated since its consumption represents about 7.2% of vegetables intake. results showed that ... | 2015 | 25539287 |
| a reference genetic linkage map of apomictic hieracium species based on expressed markers derived from developing ovule transcripts. | apomixis in plants generates clonal progeny with a maternal genotype through asexual seed formation. hieracium subgenus pilosella (asteraceae) contains polyploid, highly heterozygous apomictic and sexual species. within apomictic hieracium, dominant genetic loci independently regulate the qualitative developmental components of apomixis. in h. praealtum, loss of apomeiosis (loa) enables formation of embryo sacs without meiosis and loss of parthenogenesis (lop) enables fertilization-independent s ... | 2015 | 25538115 |
| screening and identification of phytotoxic volatile compounds in medicinal plants and characterizations of a selected compound, eucarvone. | screening and identification of phytotoxic volatile compounds were performed using 71 medicinal plant species to find new natural compounds, and the characterization of the promising compound was investigated to understand the mode of action. the volatile compounds from asarum sieboldii miq. showed the strongest inhibitory effect on the hypocotyl growth of lettuce seedlings (lactuca sativa l.cv. great lakes 366), followed by those from schizonepeta tenuifolia briquet and zanthoxylum piperitum (l ... | 2015 | 25534256 |
| bacterial communities associated with surfaces of leafy greens: shift in composition and decrease in richness over time. | the phyllosphere is colonized by a wide variety of bacteria and fungi; it harbors epiphytes, as well as plant-pathogenic bacteria and even human pathogens. however, little is known about how the bacterial community composition on leafy greens develops over time. the bacterial community of the leafy-green phyllosphere obtained from two plantings of rocket salad (diplotaxis tenuifolia) and three plantings of lettuce (lactuca sativa) at two farms in norway were profiled by an illumina miseq-based a ... | 2015 | 25527554 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the full-length hsp90 gene from matricaria recutita. | heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) is one of the most abundant and conserved chaperone proteins and plays important roles in plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli. however, little is known regarding the sequence and function of hsp90s in matricaria recutita. in the present study, we cloned the full-length cdna sequence of the hsp90 gene from this species. using rapid amplification of cdna ends technologies with 2 degenerate primers that were designed based on the hsp90 gene sequence fro ... | 2014 | 25526220 |
| toxic effects of copper-based nanoparticles or compounds to lettuce (lactuca sativa) and alfalfa (medicago sativa). | the increased production and use of nanoparticles (nps) has generated concerns about their impact on living organisms. in this study, ncu, bulk cu, ncuo, bulk cuo, cu(oh)2 (cupro 2005, kocide 3000), and cucl2 were exposed for 15 days to 10 days-old hydroponically grown lettuce (lactuca sativa) and alfalfa (medicago sativa). each compound was applied at 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg l(-1). at harvest, we measured the size of the plants and determined the concentration of cu, macro and microelements by usin ... | 2015 | 25474419 |
| uptake and distribution of bisphenol a and nonylphenol in vegetable crops irrigated with reclaimed water. | the potential uptake and distribution of bisphenol a (bpa) and nonylphenol (np) (from reclaimed irrigation water) in edible crops was investigated. bpa and np were spiked into simulated reclaimed water at environmentally relevant concentrations. two crops (lettuce, lactuca sativa and tomato, lycopersicon esculentum) were grown hydroponically in a greenhouse using the spiked irrigation water under two irrigation exposure scenarios (overhead foliar exposure and subsurface root exposure). bpa conce ... | 2015 | 25464330 |
| evaluation of biological endpoints in crop plants after exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids): implications for phytotoxicological assessment of novel contaminants. | human pharmaceuticals have been detected in the terrestrial environment at µg to mg kg(-1) concentrations. repeated application of sewage sludge (biosolids) and increasing reclaimed wastewater use for irrigation could lead to accumulation of these novel contaminants in soil systems. despite this, potential phytotoxicological effects on higher plants have rarely been evaluated. these studies aimed to test effects upon germination, development, growth and physiology of two crop plants, namely radi ... | 2015 | 25463873 |
| antioxidant and oxidative stress related responses in the mediterranean land snail cantareus apertus exposed to the carbamate pesticide carbaryl. | the aim of the present work was to study the alterations of the antioxidant defenses and the overall susceptibility to oxidative stress of the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus exposed to the carbamate pesticide carbaryl at a low environmentally realistic concentration. the animals were exposed to lactuca sativa soaked for 1h in 1μm carbaryl. the temporal dynamics of the responses was assessed by measurements at 3, 7 and 14days of exposure. c. apertus exposed to carbaryl activates a number of ... | 2015 | 25451076 |
| experimental determinations of soil copper toxicity to lettuce (lactuca sativa) growth in highly different copper spiked and aged soils. | accurate knowledge about factors and conditions determining copper (cu) toxicity in soil is needed for predicting plant growth in various cu-contaminated soils. therefore, effects of cu on growth (biomass production) of lettuce (lactuca sativa) were tested on seven selected, very different soils spiked with cu and aged for 2 months at 35 °c. cu toxicity was expressed as pec50(cu(2+)), i.e., the negative logarithm of the ec50(cu(2+)) activity to plant growth. the determined pec50(cu(2+)) was sign ... | 2015 | 25395323 |
| phenolic composition and related antioxidant properties in differently colored lettuces: a study by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) kinetics. | differently colored lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) cultivars (green, green/red, and red) were studied to correlate their phenolic composition with their antioxidant kinetic behavior. electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) was employed to monitor decay kinetics of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph(•)), which allowed the identification of three differently paced antioxidants. the results showed that as long as lettuce had higher red pigmentation, the hydrophilic antioxidant capacity increased togeth ... | 2014 | 25389053 |
| bacterial networks and co-occurrence relationships in the lettuce root microbiota. | lettuce is one of the most common raw foods worldwide, but occasionally also involved in pathogen outbreaks. to understand the correlative structure of the bacterial community as a network, we studied root microbiota of eight ancient and modern lactuca sativa cultivars and the wild ancestor lactuca serriola by pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene amplicon libraries. the lettuce microbiota was dominated by proteobacteria and bacteriodetes, as well as abundant chloroflexi and actinobacteria. cultivar s ... | 2015 | 25367329 |
| abiotic stress qtl in lettuce crop-wild hybrids: comparing greenhouse and field experiments. | the development of stress-tolerant crops is an increasingly important goal of current crop breeding. a higher abiotic stress tolerance could increase the probability of introgression of genes from crops to wild relatives. this is particularly relevant to the discussion on the risks of new gm crops that may be engineered to increase abiotic stress resistance. we investigated abiotic stress qtl in greenhouse and field experiments in which we subjected recombinant inbred lines from a cross between ... | 2014 | 25360276 |
| growing patterns to produce 'nitrate-free' lettuce (lactuca sativa). | vegetables can contain significant amounts of nitrate and, therefore, may pose health hazards to consumers by exceeding the accepted daily intake for nitrate. different hydroponic growing patterns were examined in this work in order to obtain 'nitrate-free lettuces'. growing lettuces on low nitrate content nutrient solution resulted in a significant decrease in lettuces' nitrate concentrations (1741 versus 39 mg kg(-1)), however the beneficial effect was cancelled out by an increase in the ambie ... | 2015 | 25345876 |
| water-soluble compounds of lettuce inhibit dna damage and lipid peroxidation induced by glucose/serum deprivation in n2a cells. | oxidative stress, increase of lipid peroxidation and resultant dna damage are associated with pathophysiology of many human diseases such as acute and chronic cns injuries and diseases, cancer, and also aging. this work was done to investigate whether water fraction from the hydroalcoholic extract of green leaf lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) can protect n2a cells against glucose/serum deprivation (gsd)-induced lipid peroxidation and dna fragmentation. the cells were cultivated for 12 h in gsd condi ... | 2014 | 25265820 |
| phytotoxic action of naphthoquinone juglone demonstrated on lettuce seedling roots. | juglone, 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, is the plant secondary metabolite with allelopathic properties, which was isolated especially from the plant species belonging to family juglandaceae a. rich. ex kunth (walnut family). the mechanism of phytotoxic action of juglone was investigated on lettuce seedlings lactuca sativa l. var. capitata l. cv. merkurion by determining its effect at different levels. we have found that juglone inhibits mitosis (mitotic index 8.5 ± 0.6% for control versus 2.2 ± 0 ... | 2014 | 25240266 |
| valorization of essential oils from moroccan aromatic plants. | the chemical composition and biological activity of cultivated and wild medicinal and aromatic plants from morocco (artemisia herba-alba, lippia citriodora, mentha pulegium, m. spicata, myrtus communis, rosmarinus officinalis, and thymus satureioides) are described. the essential oils (eos) of these species have been analyzed by gc-ms. the antifeedant, nematicidal and phytotoxic activities of the eos were tested on insect pests (spodoptera littoralis, myzus persicae and rhopalosiphum padi), root ... | 2014 | 25233584 |
| partial aphid resistance in lettuce negatively affects parasitoids. | this study investigated the effects of partial plant resistance on the lettuce aphid nasonovia ribisnigri (mosley) (hemiptera: aphididae), a major pest of cultivated lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), and one of its parasitoids, aphidius ervi haliday (hymenoptera: braconidae). aphids were reared on susceptible (l. sativa variety estival; s) or partially resistant (lactuca serriola l. pi 491093; pr) lettuce, and next parasitized by a. ervi females. fitness proxies were measured for both aphids and para ... | 2014 | 25197882 |
| climate warming may facilitate invasion of the exotic shrub lantana camara. | plant species show different responses to the elevated temperatures that are resulting from global climate change, depending on their ecological and physiological characteristics. the highly invasive shrub lantana camara occurs between the latitudes of 35 °n and 35 °s. according to current and future climate scenarios predicted by the climex model, climatically suitable areas for l. camara are projected to contract globally, despite expansions in some areas. the objective of this study was to te ... | 2014 | 25184224 |
| selected biochemical properties of polyphenol oxidase in butter lettuce leaves (lactuca sativa l. var. capitata) elicited with dl-β-amino-n-butyric acid. | the study concentrated on changes in certain biochemical parameters of polyphenol oxidase (ppo) from lettuce leaves caused by dl-β-amino-n-butyric acid (baba) elicitation. ppo from control plants demonstrated the highest affinity toward catechol, whereas ppo from baba-elicited lettuce showed the highest affinity to 4-methylcatechol. the optimum temperature for enzymes from control plants was 35°c, whereas from plants elicited with 1mm baba this was 25°c. ppo from plants elicited with baba was al ... | 2015 | 25172730 |
| contact sensitization to lettuce and rocket-salad with and without systemic elicitation of dermatitis after oral challenge. | | 2014 | 25155079 |
| relationships between nuclear magnetic resonance parameters used to characterize weathering spilled oil and soil toxicity in central patagonia. | oil spill in the central patagonian zone was studied to evaluate if any relationship exists between the parameters used to characterize weathering spilled oil and soil toxicity for two plant species and to evaluate if the phytotoxicity to local species would be a good index for the soil contamination. nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) structural indexes and column chromatography compositional indexes were determined to characterize the oil spill in the soil samples. bioassays were also carried ou ... | 2017 | 25145179 |
| evaluating darwin's naturalization hypothesis in experimental plant assemblages: phylogenetic relationships do not determine colonization success. | darwin's naturalization hypothesis (dnh) proposes that colonization is less likely when the colonizing species is related to members of the invaded community, because evolutionary closeness intensifies competition among species that share similar resources. studies that have evaluated dnh from correlational evidence have yielded controversial results with respect to its occurrence and generality. in the present study we carried out a set of manipulative experiments in which we controlled the phy ... | 2014 | 25141013 |
| salt stress mitigation by seed priming with uv-c in lettuce plants: growth, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds. | seeds of lactuca sativa l. 'romaine' were subjected to priming treatments with uv-c radiation at 0.85 or 3.42 kj m(-2). seedlings obtained from both primed (pr) and non-primed (npr) seeds were grown in an hydroponic culture system supplemented with 0 (control) or 100 mm nacl. after 21 days of nacl treatment, root and leaf biomass, root lengths, leaf numbers, and leaf surface area were measured. ions (na(+) and k(+)) accumulation was determined in roots and leaves. total phenolic compound and fla ... | 2014 | 25133899 |
| [effects of led spectrum combinations on the absorption of mineral elements of hydroponic lettuce]. | lettuce (lactuca sativa) was hydroponically cultured in a completely enclosed plant factory, in which spectrum proportion-adjustable led panels were used as sole light source for plant growth. absorption and content of eleven mineral elements such as k, p, ca, mg, na, fe, mn, zn, cu, b and mo in lactuca sativa under different spectral component conditions were studied by icp -aes technology. the results showed that: (1) single or combined spectrums corresponding to the absorbing peaks of chlorop ... | 2014 | 25095445 |
| an analysis of electrical impedance measurements applied for plant n status estimation in lettuce (lactuca sativa). | nitrogen plays a key role in crop yields. hence, farmers may apply excessive n fertilizers to crop fields, inducing environmental pollution. crop n monitoring methods have been developed to improve n fertilizer management, most of them based on leaf or canopy optical-property measurements. however, sensitivity to environmental interference remains an important drawback. electrical impedance has been applied to determine the physiological and nutritional status of plant tissue, but no studies rel ... | 2014 | 25057134 |
| comparing three approaches in extending biotic ligand models to predict the toxicity of binary metal mixtures (cu-ni, cu-zn and cu-ag) to lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). | metals are always found in the environment as mixtures rather than as solitary elements. however, effect models such as biotic ligand models (blms) are usually derived for toxicity prediction of single metals. our study aimed at predicting mixture toxicity of cu-ni, cu-zn and cu-ag combinations to lettuce (lactucasativa l.) by combining blms with three toxicity indexes: the toxic unit, the overall amounts of metal ions bound to the biotic ligands and the toxic equivalency factor. the accumulatio ... | 2014 | 25048917 |
| trichoderma spp. alleviate phytotoxicity in lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) irrigated with arsenic-contaminated water. | the influence of two strains of trichoderma (t. harzianum strain t22 and t. atroviride strain p1) on the growth of lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) irrigated with as-contaminated water, and their effect on the uptake and accumulation of the contaminant in the plant roots and leaves, were studied. accumulation of this non-essential element occurred mainly into the root system and reduced both biomass development and net photosynthesis rate (while altering the plant p status). plant growth-promo ... | 2014 | 25046759 |
| phosphate/zinc interaction analysis in two lettuce varieties reveals contrasting effects on biomass, photosynthesis, and dynamics of pi transport. | inorganic phosphate (pi) and zinc (zn) are essential nutrients for normal plant growth. interaction between these elements has been observed in many crop plants. despite its agronomic importance, the biological significance and genetic basis of this interaction remain largely unknown. here we examined the pi/zn interaction in two lettuce (lactuca sativa) varieties, namely, "paris island cos" and "kordaat." the effects of variation in pi and zn supply were assessed on biomass and photosynthesis f ... | 2014 | 25025059 |