| histopathology of ditylenchus destructor on peanut. | the time and mode of entry, and development of ditylenchus destructor in peanut were studied in field and greenhouse experiments. few nematodes were present in the cortex of the roots. at 90-120 days after planting, d. destructor was observed in the exocarp at the base of the pod near the point of connection with the peg. the peg was invaded from this primary infection site. the endocarp of the hull was usually penetrated through openings at the base of the mesocarp and sometimes at the pod apex ... | 1990 | 19287720 |
| ditylenchus destructor in hulls and seeds of peanut. | the potato rot nematode, ditylenchus destructor thorne, is reported for the first time in hulls and seeds of peanut. the populations found differed from d. dipsaei and d. myceliophagus in habitat, number of lateral incisures, shape of tail tip, and length of postvulval sac. infected hulls had brown necrotic tissue at the point of connection with the peg, and a black discoloration appeared first along the longitudinal veins. infected seeds were usually shrunken, and testae and embryos had a yello ... | 1989 | 19287571 |
| concomitant effect of low dose of lindane and intranasal lipopolysaccharide on respiratory system of mice. | lindane is very commonly used organochlorine pesticide and has been reported to cause several toxic effects including respiratory insufficiency. however, effects of low concentration of lindane alone or in combination with microbial molecules on lungs are not fully understood. to understand the effects a preliminary study was designed on swiss albino mouse. male mice were divided into treatment and control group (20; each). treatment mice were given lindane in ground nut oil orally at 0.25 mg kg ... | 2016 | 28177269 |
| the seed biotinylated protein of soybean (glycine max): a boiling-resistant new allergen (gly m 7) with the capacity to induce ige-mediated allergic responses. | soybean is a common allergenic food; thus, a comprehensive characterization of all the proteins that cause allergy is crucial to the development of effective diagnostic and immunotherapeutic strategies. a cdna library was constructed from seven stages of developing soybean seeds to investigate candidate allergens. we searched the library for cdnas encoding a seed-specific biotinylated protein (sbp) based on its allergenicity in boiled lentils. a full-length cdna clone was retrieved and expressed ... | 2016 | 27108990 |
| dietary plant lectins appear to be transported from the gut to gain access to and alter dopaminergic neurons of caenorhabditis elegans, a potential etiology of parkinson's disease. | lectins from dietary plants have been shown to enhance drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of rats, be transported trans-synaptically as shown by tracing of axonal and dendritic paths, and enhance gene delivery. other carbohydrate-binding protein toxins are known to traverse the gut intact in dogs. post-feeding rhodamine- or tritc-tagged dietary lectins, the lectins were tracked from gut to dopaminergic neurons (daergic-n) in transgenic caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans) [egis1(pdat-1 ... | 2016 | 27014695 |
| construction, expression, and characterization of arabidopsis thaliana 4cl and arachis hypogaea rs fusion gene 4cl::rs in escherichia coli. | resveratrol is an important antioxidant that confers several beneficial effects on human health. 4-coumarate coenzyme a ligase (4cl) and resveratrol synthase (rs) are key rate-limiting enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of resveratrol. using gene fusion technology, the fusion gene, 4cl::rs, was constructed by the 4cl gene from arabidopsis thaliana and rs gene from arachis hypogaea. dnaman analysis showed that the fusion gene encoded a 964-amino acid protein with an approximate weight of 104.7 k ... | 2015 | 26092168 |
| overexpression of peanut diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 in escherichia coli. | diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat) is the rate-limiting enzyme in triacylglycerol biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms. triacylglycerols are important energy-storage oils in plants such as peanuts, soybeans and rape. in this study, arachis hypogaea type 2 dgat (ahdgat2) genes were cloned from the peanut cultivar 'luhua 14' using a homologous gene sequence method and rapid amplification of cdna ends. to understand the role of ahdgat2 in triacylglycerol biosynthesis, two ahdgat2 nucleotide sequ ... | 2013 | 23593473 |
| cloning of acyl-acp thioesterase fata from arachis hypogaea l. and its expression in escherichia coli. | in this study, a full-length cdna of the acyl-acp thioesterase, ahfata, was cloned from developing seeds of arachis hypogaea l. by 3'-race. sequence analysis showed that the open reading frame encodes a peptide of 372 amino acids and has 50-70% identity with fata from other plants. real-time quantitative pcr analysis revealed that ahfata was expressed in all tissues of a. hypogaea l., but most strongly in the immature seeds harvested at 60 days after pegging. heterologous expression of ahfata in ... | 2012 | 23093853 |
| molecular cloning, expression, and cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine) antagonist activity of peanut (arachis hypogaea) lectin sl-i. | isolation and purification of a alpha-methyl-mannoside specific lectin (sl-i) of peanut was reported earlier [singh and das (1994) glycoconj j 11:282-285]. native sl-i is a glycoprotein having approximately 31 kda subunit molecular mass and forms dimer. the gene encoding this lectin is identified from a 6-day old peanut root cdna library by anti-sl-i antibody and n-terminal amino acid sequence homology to the native lectin. nucleotide sequence derived amino acid sequence of the re-sl-i shows ami ... | 2006 | 16941222 |
| purification and partial characterization of acyl carrier proteins from developing oil seeds of pisa (actinodaphne hookeri) and ground nut (arachis hypogaea). | acyl carrier proteins (acp) were purified to homogeneity in the active form from developing seeds of pisa (actinodaphne hookeri) which synthesizes exclusively trilaurin and from ground nut (arachis hypogaea) which synthesizes triacylglycerols containing long chain fatty acids. two major isoforms of acps were purified from developing pisa seeds using deae-cellulose, superose-6 fplc and c4 reversed phase hplc chromatographic methods. in contrast, only a single form of acp was present in ground nut ... | 1995 | 7590854 |
| study of surface carbohydrates in galba truncatula tissues before and after infection with fasciola hepatica. | the presence and distribution of surface carbohydrates in the tissues of galba truncatula snails uninfected or after infection with fasciola hepatica as well as on the surface of the snail-pathogenic larval stages of the parasite were studied by lectin labelling assay. this is an attempt to find similarities that indicate possible mimicry, utilised by the parasite as an evasion strategy in this snail-trematode system. different binding patterns were identified on head-foot-mantle, hepatopancreas ... | 2016 | 27384082 |
| siderophore as a potential plant growth-promoting agent produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa jas-25. | siderophores scavenges fe(+3) from the vicinity of the roots of plants, and thus limit the amount of iron required for the growth of pathogens such as fusarium oxysporum, pythium ultimum, and fusarium udum, which cause wilt and root rot disease in crops. the ability of pseudomonas to grow and to produce siderophore depends upon the iron content, ph, and temperature. maximum yield of siderophore of 130 μm was observed at ph 7.0 ± 0.2 and temperature of 30 °c at 30 h. the threshold level of iron w ... | 2014 | 25062779 |
| efficacy of entomopathogenic steinernema and heterorhabditis nematodes against white grubs (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) in peanut fields. | the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) against the white grub holotrichia parallela motschulsky (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) in the peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) fields was evaluated. in the first experiment with a high initial white grub population (24.65 +/- 2.44 larvae per m2) in the field, steinernema longicaudum x-7 and heterorhabditis bacteriophora h06 at 10,000 and 5,000 infective juveniles (ijs) per plant contributed to significantly higher percentage reduction of the white grub ... | 2013 | 23865174 |
| functional properties of peanut fractions on the growth of probiotics and foodborne bacterial pathogens. | various compounds found in peanut (arachis hypogaea) have been shown to provide multiple benefits to human health and may influence the growth of a broad range of gut bacteria. in this study, we investigated the effects of peanut white kernel and peanut skin on 3 strains of lactobacillus and 3 major foodborne enteric bacterial pathogens. significant (p < 0.05) growth stimulation of lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus rhamnosus was observed in the presence of 0.5% peanut flour (pf) made from pe ... | 2015 | 25627431 |
| genetic mapping of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in arachis stenosperma: a new source of nematode resistance for peanut. | root-knot nematodes (rkn; meloidogyne sp.) are a major threat to crops in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. the use of resistant crop varieties is the preferred method of control because nematicides are expensive, and hazardous to humans and the environment. peanut (arachis hypogaea) is infected by four species of rkn, the most damaging being m. arenaria, and commercial cultivars rely on a single source of resistance. in this study, we genetically characterize rkn resistance of the wil ... | 2015 | 26656152 |
| differential gene expression in roots of nematode-resistant and -susceptible peanut (arachis hypogaea) cultivars in response to early stages of peanut root-knot nematode (meloidogyne arenaria) parasitization. | the peanut root-knot nematode (rkn, meloidogyne arenaria) can cause significant yield losses in cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea). however, molecular events underlying successful rkn infection and host responses in peanut are sparsely understood. using suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh), cdna libraries, enriched with differentially expressed ests, were constructed from rkn-challenged root tissues in the pre-penetration and early infection stages from near-isogenic nematode-resistant ... | 2011 | 20863592 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne arenaria and pasteuria penetrans in a long-term crop rotation study. | the endospore-forming bacterium pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). the primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of crop sequence on abundance of p. penetrans. the experiment was conducted from 2000 to 2008 at a field site naturally infested with both the bacterium and its host meloidogyne arenaria and included the following crop sequences: continuous peanut (arachis hypogaea) (p-p-p) and peanut rotated with either 2 years of ... | 2009 | 22736828 |
| a recessive gene for resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in interspecific arachis spp. hybrids. | a single dominant gene for resistance to meloidogyne arenaria was identified previously in two peanut cultivars, arachis hypogaea 'coan' and 'nematam'. the interspecific arachis hybrid txag-6 was the source of this resistance and the donor parent in a backcross breeding program to introgress resistance into cultivated peanut. to determine if other resistance genes were present in txag-6 and derived breeding populations from the third backcross generation (bc), f individuals were evaluated for th ... | 2005 | 19262858 |
| meloidogyne javanica on peanut in florida. | a mixed population of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 and m. javanica race 3 is reported on peanut from a field in levy county, florida. confirmation of m. javanica on peanut is based on esterase and malate dehydrogenase isozyme patterns resolved on polyacrylamide slab gels following electrophoresis, and perineal patterns. up to 29% of 290 individual females collected from peanut roots in the field in autumn 2002 showed a typical esterase j3 phenotype for m. javanica. this is the third report of m. ... | 2003 | 19262776 |
| reproduction of meloidogyne spp. on resistant peanut genotypes from three breeding programs. | three described species of root-knot nematode parasitize peanut (arachis hypogaea): meloidogyne arenaria race 1 (ma), m. hapla (mh), and m. javanica (mj). peanut cultivars with broad resistance to meloidogyne spp. will be useful regardless of the species present in the field. the objective of this study was to determine whether peanut genotypes with resistance to m. arenaria originating from three different breeding programs were also resistant to m. hapla and m. javanica. the experiment used a ... | 2003 | 19262773 |
| mechanism of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in the peanut cultivar coan. | resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in the peanut cultivar coan is inherited as a single, dominant gene. the mechanism of resistance to m. arenaria in coan was evaluated in three experiments. in the first experiment the number of second-stage juveniles (j2) of m. arenaria penetrating roots of the susceptible cultivar florunner was higher than the number of j2 penetrating roots of the resistant peanut cultivar coan (p < 0.05). in a second experiment it was determined that the root size and number ... | 2003 | 19265984 |
| genetics and mechanism of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in peanut germplasm. | segregation of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in six bcf peanut breeding populations was examined in greenhouse tests. chi-square analysis indicated that segregation of resistance was consistent with resistance being conditioned by a single gene in three breeding populations (tp259-3, tp262-3, and tp271-2), whereas two resistance genes may be present in the breeding populations tp259-2, tp263-2, and tp268-3. nematode development in clonally propagated lines of resistant individuals of tp262- ... | 1999 | 19270898 |
| bahiagrass, corn, cotton rotations, and pesticides for managing nematodes, diseases, and insects on peanut. | florunner peanut was grown after 1 and 2 years of tifton 9 bahiagrass, corn, cotton, and continuous peanut as whole-plots. pesticide treatments aldicarb (3.4 kg a.i./ha), flutolanil (1.7 kg a.i./ha), aldicarb + flutolanil, and untreated (control) were sub-plots. numbers of meloidogyne arenaria second-stage juveniles in the soil and root-gall indices of peanut at harvest were consistently lower in plots treated with aldicarb and aldicarb + flutolanil than in flutolanil-treated and untreated plots ... | 1999 | 19270889 |
| management of plant-parasitic nematodes on peanut with selected nematicides in north carolina. | field experiments were conducted to determine peanut growth and yield responses to selected fumigant and nonfumigant nemaficide treatments in 1988 and 1989. all treatments with the fumigant 1, 3-d significantly suppressed nematode reproduction (meloidogyne arenaria, m. hapla, and mesocriconema ornatum) and enhanced peanut yields over the other treatments in four tests in 1988. yield increases with the fumigant ranged from about 20% to 100% over the untreated control. test sites in 1989 had lower ... | 1998 | 19274260 |
| resistance of interspecific arachis breeding lines to meloidogyne javanica and an undescribed meloidogyne species. | resistance to a peanut-parasitic population of meloidogyne javanica and an undescribed meloidogyne sp. in peanut breeding lines selected for resistance to meloidogyne javanica was examined in greenhouse tests. the interspecific hybrid txag-7 was resistant to reproduction of meloidogyne javanica, m. javanica, and meloidogyne sp. an meloidogyne javanica-resistant selection from the second backcross (bc) of txag-7 to the susceptible cultivar florunner also was resistant to m. javanica but appeared ... | 1998 | 19274226 |
| damage functions for three meloidogyne species on arachis hypogaea in texas. | the yield response of florunner peanut to different initial population (pi) densities of meloidogyne arenaria, m. javanica, and an undescribed meloidogyne species (isolate 93-13a) was determined in microplots in 1995 and 1996. seven pi's (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 eggs and j2/500 cm(3) soil) were used for each meloidogyne species in both years. the three species reproduced abundantly on florunner in both years. in 1995, mean reproduction differed among the three species; mean rf values were ... | 1997 | 19274184 |
| identification of rapd, scar, and rflp markers tightly linked to nematode resistance genes introgressed from arachis cardenasii into arachis hypogaea. | two dominant genes conditioning resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria were identified in a segregating f2 population derived from the cross of 4x (arachis hypogaea x arachis cardenasii)-ga 6 and pi 261942. mae is proposed as the designation for the dominant gene restricting egg number and mag is proposed as the designation for the dominant gene restricting galling. the high levels of resistance in ga 6 were introgressed from a. cardenasii and, therefore, a search to identify ... | 1996 | 8890516 |
| role of nematodes, nematicides, and crop rotation on the productivity and quality of potato, sweet potato, peanut, and grain sorghum. | the objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of fenamiphos 15g and short-cycle potato (po)-sweet potato (sp) grown continuously and in rotation with peanut (pe)-grain sorghum (gs) on yield, crop quality, and mixed nematode population densities of meloidogyne arenaria, m. hapla, m. incognita, and mesocriconema ornatum. greater root-gall indices and damage by m. hapla and m. incognita occurred on potato than other crops. most crop yields were higher and root-gall indices lower fro ... | 1996 | 19277157 |
| effects of peanut genotypes on meloidogyne species interactions. | a 3-year microplot study was conducted to characterize the interaction between meloidogyne arenaria race 1 (ma1) and m. hapla (mh), as affected by the five peanut genotypes: florigiant, nc 7, nc 6, nc ac 18416, and nc ac 18016. the interactive effects on infection (total parasitic forms per root unit) and reproduction potentials of each nematode species and crop damage were determined. as a single population, ma1 had greater infection capacity and caused more crop damage than did mh, but both sp ... | 1995 | 19277279 |
| meloidogyne javanica parasitic on peanut. | peanut fields in four governorates of egypt were surveyed to identify species of meloidogyne present. fourteen populations obtained from peanut roots were all identified as m. javanica based on perineal patterns, stylet and body lengths of second-stage juveniles, esterase phenotypes, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of mtdna. three of 14 populations, all from contiguous fields in the behara governorate, had individuals with a unique two-isozyme esterase phenotype. all populations of ... | 1994 | 19279913 |
| effects of tropical rotation crops on meloidogyne arenaria population densities and vegetable yields in microplots. | the effects of 12 summer crop rotation treatments on population densities of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 and on yields of subsequent spring vegetable crops were determined in microplots. the crop sequence was: (i) rotation crops during summer 1991 ; (ii) cover crop of rye (secale cereale) during winter 1991-92; (iii) squash (cucurbita pepo) during spring 1992; (iv) rotation crops during summer 1992; (v) rye during winter 1992-93; (vi) eggplant (solanum melongena) during spring 1993. the 12 rotat ... | 1994 | 19279880 |
| field evaluation of susceptibility to meloidogyne arenaria in arachis hypogaea plant introductions. | resistance to meloidogyne arenaria race 1 is not currently available in commercial peanut cultivars. moderate levels of resistance have been identified in arachis hypogaea plant introductions (pi) in previous greenhouse studies. the purpose of this work was to evaluate the effects of resistance in peanut pi on populations dynamics of m. arenaria in field plots. the pi designated as resistant in greenhouse studies had fewer m. arenaria in roots than the most susceptible pi. at midseason and at th ... | 1992 | 19283050 |
| damage functions for meloidogyne arenaria on peanut. | microplot experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 to determine the relationship between yield of peanut (arachis hypogaea) and inoculum density ofmeloidogyne arenaria race 1. nine inoculum densities were used, ranging from 0-200 eggs/100 cm(3) soil (1989) or from 0-100 eggs/100 cm(3) (1990), and each density was replicated 10 times. in 1989, higher final densities (mean of 1,171 juveniles [j2]/100 cm(3) soil) were obtained in plots inoculated with 0.5 to 50 eggs/100 cm(3) soil than in plots ... | 1992 | 19283223 |
| relative damage functions and reproductive potentials of meloidogyne arenaria and m. hapla on peanut. | the reproductive potential and damage functions for meloidogyne hapla and m. arenaria race 1 on virginia-type peanuts (arachis hypogaea cv. florigiant) were determined over 2 years in microplot experiments in north carolina. peanut yield suppression and damage to pods as a result of galling were greatest in response to m. arenaria (p = 0.01). damage functions for the two species were adequately described by the quadratic models: yield (g/plot) = 398 - 17.1 (log[pi + 1]) - 17.0(log[pi + 1])(2); ( ... | 1992 | 19283222 |
| a novel technique for infesting field sites with encapsulated eggs of meloidogyne spp. | eggs of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 were encapsulated in calcium alginate for use as inoculum to infest peanut field plots. some eggs within the capsules remained viable up to 10 weeks after preparation. a field site was successfully infested at peanut planting and (or) 6 weeks later. dual applications of nematode inoculum (at planting and 6 weeks later) were superior to single applications (at planting or 6 weeks after planting). field-site infestation levels at the end of the first year were r ... | 1992 | 19283221 |
| comparison of winter and spring soil fumigation with 1,3-d for the management of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut. | field experiments were conducted in which the fumigant 1,3-d was applied at broadcast rates of 56 and 112 liters/ha during late winter and spring to two differing soil types in north florida. no advantage was demonstrated in applying the fumigant at the higher rate for the management of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut, and there was no disadvantage to applying a standard rate of the fumigant during winter as opposed to the standard practice of a 2-week preplant treatment. at one site, where rainf ... | 1991 | 19283185 |
| meloidogyne arenaria populations on soybean. | the distribution of meloidogyne spp. was determined in the piedmont and coastal plains soybean production areas of south carolina. meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica were found in six of seven counties surveyed, with some populations consisting of two or more species. because m. arenaria populations did not reproduce on peanut (arachis hypogaea cv. florunner), they were designated as host race 2. severity of root galling, shoot and root growth, seed yield, and nematode reproduct ... | 1991 | 19283177 |
| development of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut and soybean under two temperature cycles. | florunner peanut and three soybean cultivars, centennial, gasoy 17, and wright, were inoculated with 48-hour age cohorts of meloidogyne arenari race 1 second-stage juveniles and placed in a growth chamber set to simulate early season (low temperature) and midseason (high temperature) conditions. percentages of the initial inoculum penetrating roots 4 and 8 days after inoculation were 2-3 times higher in soybean cultivars than in peanut; 25% on susceptible soybean and 9% on peanut. penetration an ... | 1991 | 19283157 |
| crops uncommon to alabama for the management of meloidogyne arenaria in peanut. | in a 1987 field study juveniles of meloidogyne arenaria assayed at the time of peanut harvest were almost undetectable in plots planted with american jointvetch (aeschynomene americana), castor bean (ricinus communis), partridge pea (cassia fasiculata), sesame (sesamum indicum), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum), whereas plots with peanut (arachis hypogaea) averaged 120 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. application of aldicarb in peanut resulted in an average of 27 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. in 1988 all pl ... | 1989 | 19287678 |
| effects of bahiagrass and nematicides on meloidogyne arenaria on peanut. | a field infested with meloidogyne arenaria and with a history of peanut yield losses was divided into two equal parts. one-half of the field (bahia site) was planted to bahiagrass in 1986 and maintained through 1987. the other half (peanut site) was planted to soybean in 1986 and peanut in 1987 with hairy vetch planted each fall as a cover crop. in 1988 identical nematicide treatments including 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d), aldicarb, and ethoprop were applied to the two sites, and the sites were ... | 1989 | 19287670 |
| resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in arachis spp. germplasm. | field and greenhouse evaluations of 116 wild arachis spp. genotypes demonstrated the presence of resistance to reproduction of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria race 1. resistance in greenhouse tests was based on test lines having </= 2.5% of the number of eggs per gram of roots as did the susceptible a. hypogaea cv. tamnut 74. in field tests, resistant genotypes were identified on the basis of having lower (p = 0.05) final nematode population densities than did tamnut 74. resistance w ... | 1989 | 19287667 |
| efficacy of fumigant and nonfurmigant nematicides for control of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut. | three tests were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides for control of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 on peanut. methyl bromide, 1,3-d, methyl isothiocyanate, and methyl isothiocyanate mixtures were applied 7 or 8 days preplant either broadcast or in-the-row. aldicarb, ethoprop, fenamiphos, and f5145 were applied at different rates and by different methods at-plant or at early flowering. of the 32 treatments evaluated, only seven resulted in yield increases (p = ... | 1988 | 19290312 |
| soybean-peanut rotations for the management of meloidogyne arenaria. | rotating soybean (glycine max cv. kirby) with peanut (arachis hypogaea cv. florunner) for managing meloidogyne arenaria race 1 was studied for 3 years (1985-87) in a field near headland, alabama. each year soybean plots had lower soil numbers of m. arenaria second-stage juveniles (j2) at peanut harvest than did plots in peanut monocnlture. peanut following either 1 or 2 years of soybean resulted in approximately 50% reduction in j2 soil population densities and a 14% (1-year soybean) or 20% (2-y ... | 1988 | 19290309 |
| enhancement of cylindrocladium crotalariae root rot by meloidogyne arenaria (race 2) on a peanut cultivar resistant to both pathogens. | two populations of meloidogyne arenaria (race 2, incompatible on peanut) enhanced development of cylindrocladium black rot (cbr) on cbr-resistant peanut cv. nc 3033 in greenhouse factorial experiments. nematode populations 256 and 486 (0, 10(3), 10 eggs per 15-cm pot) were tested in all combinations with cylindrocladium crotalariae (0, 0.5, 5, 50 microsclerotia per cm(3) of soil). root-rot index increased in the presence of either population. positions but not slope values of inoculum density-di ... | 1981 | 19300770 |
| resistance to meloidogyne hapla in peanut. | two hundred thirty-five cultivated varieties, breeding lines and plant introductions of arachis hypogaea and 12 accessions of wild arachis spp. were tested for resistance to meloidogyne hapla. eight of the cultivated peanut lines were only moderately susceptible and four of the wild peanuts exhibited resistance. no resistance-breaking m. hapla populations were found among 10 geographical isolates tested. | 1973 | 19319351 |
| reproduction of meloidogyne marylandi and m. incognita on several poaceae. | the susceptibility of 22 plant species to meloidogyne marylandi and m. incognita was examined in three greenhouse experiments. inoculum of m. marylandi was eggs from cultures maintained on zoysia matrella "cavalier" or cynodon dactylon x c. trasvaalensis "tifdwarf". inoculum of m. incognita was eggs from cultures maintained on solanum lycopersicum 'rutgers'. in each host test the inoculum density was 2,000 nematode eggs/pot. none of the three dicot species tested (gossypium hirsutum, arachis hyp ... | 2009 | 22661770 |
| morphological comparison of three host races of meloidogyne javanica. | a morphological and morphometric comparison using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy was made of six populations of meloidogyne javanica belonging to three host races (infective on pepper, peanut, or noninfective on both). the variability of certain morphological characters was studied within these populations, and the reliability of these taxonomic traits was evaluated for usefulness in species identification. the most useful diagnostic characters of m. javanica were head and sty ... | 1990 | 19287689 |
| enzymatic synthesis of capric acid-rich structured lipids (mum type) using candida antarctica lipase. | the objective of the work was to produce capric acid rich structured lipids starting from various indian indigenous vegetable oils, such as rice bran, ground nut and mustard oils. acidolysis reaction between individual vegetable oils and capric acid in one is to three molar ratios at 45 degree centigrade temperature was carried out using position specific candida antarctica lipase so as to protect the sn-2 position of the oils which are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. the incorporation of capri ... | 2011 | 21606614 |
| rhizobium pakistanensis sp. nov., isolated from groundnut (arachis hypogaea) nodules grown in rainfed pothwar, pakistan. | a gram-negative, white, non-motile, rod shaped bacterial strain bn-19(t) was isolated from a root nodule of groundnut (arachis hypogaea) in pakistan. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequence revealed that strain bn-19(t) formed a subclade in the genus rhizobium together with rhizobium alkalisoli ccbau 01393(t), rhizobium vignae ccbau 05176(t), rhizobium huautlense so2(t) and rhizobium tarimense pl-41(t) with sequence similarities of 97.5, 97.3, 97.2 and 97.1 % respectively. sequence ... | 2015 | 25391352 |
| application of targeted metagenomics to explore abundance and diversity of co₂-fixing bacterial community using cbbl gene from the rhizosphere of arachis hypogaea. | sequestration of co(2) by autotrophic bacteria is a key process of biogeochemical carbon cycling in soil ecosystem. rhizosphere is a rich niche of microbial activity and diversity, influenced by change in atmospheric co(2). structural changes in rhizosphere composition influence microbial communities and the nutrient cycling. in the present study, the bacterial diversity and population dynamics were established using cbbl and 16s rrna gene targeted metagenomics approach from the rhizosphere of a ... | 2012 | 22766402 |
| arachis hypogaea pgpr isolated from argentine soil modifies its lipids components in response to temperature and salinity. | the aim of this work was to clarify the mechanism related to plant growth promoting of a bacterial strain (l115) isolated from arachis hypogaea rhizospheres and the effects of high growth temperature and salinity on phospholipids and fatty acids composition. l115 was isolated from peanut rhizospheres and identified according to the sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene. phenotypic, metabolic and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) characteristics of l115 were tested. inoculation test in ... | 2015 | 25801965 |
| pathogen-derived resistance using a viral nucleocapsid gene confers only partial non-durable protection in peanut against peanut bud necrosis virus. | genetic engineering of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) using the gene encoding for the nucleocapsid protein (n gene) of peanut bud necrosis virus (pbnv; genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae) was used to impart resistance to bud necrosis disease in peanut (pbnd), a disease for which no durable resistance is available in the existing germplasm. over 200 transgenic lines of peanut var. jl 24 were developed for which integration and expression of the transgenes was confirmed by pcr, southern hybridiza ... | 2013 | 23011312 |
| arteether nanoemulsion for enhanced efficacy against plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis malaria: an approach by enhanced bioavailability. | the present work is focused on the preparation of nanoemulsions (nes) loaded with arteether (art) for its enhanced efficacy against malaria parasites. art-nes have been prepared using high pressure homogenization (hph) technique with the aim of improving its solubility and thus its bioavailability. art-nes were optimized in terms of pressure and number of cycles. globule size and size distributions were chosen as quality parameters. the maximum drug loading was achieved up to 93 ± 7.4% with glob ... | 2015 | 25616971 |
| overexpression of a novel peanut nbs-lrr gene ahrrs5 enhances disease resistance to ralstonia solanacearum in tobacco. | bacterial wilt caused by ralstonia solanacearum is a ruinous soilborne disease affecting more than 450 plant species. efficient control methods for this disease remain unavailable to date. this study characterized a novel nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat resistance gene ahrrs5 from peanut, which was up-regulated in both resistant and susceptible peanut cultivars in response to r. solanacearum. the product of ahrrs5 was localized in the nucleus. furthermore, treatment with phytohormone ... | 2017 | 27311738 |
| expressed sequence tags in cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea): discovery of genes in seed development and response to ralstonia solanacearum challenge. | although an important oil crop, peanut has only 162,030 expressed sequence tags (ests) publicly available, 86,943 of which are from cultivated plants. more ests from cultivated peanuts are needed for isolation of stress-resistant, tissue-specific and developmentally important genes. here, we generated 63,234 ests from our 5 constructed peanut cdna libraries of ralstonia solanacearum challenged roots, r. solanacearum challenged leaves, and unchallenged cultured peanut roots, leaves and developing ... | 2012 | 22648474 |
| translation initiation factor eif4e and eifiso4e are both required for peanut stripe virus infection in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | peanut stripe virus (pstv) belongs to the genus potyvirus and is the most important viral pathogen of cultivated peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). the eukaryotic translation initiation factor, eif4e, and its isoform, eif(iso)4e, play key roles during virus infection in plants, particularly potyvirus. in the present study, we cloned the eif4e and eif(iso)4e homologs in peanut and named these as peaeif4e and peaeif(iso)4e, respectively. quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) analysis showed that these t ... | 2017 | 28344571 |
| plant growth promotion and root colonization by eps producing enterobacter sp. rzs5 under heavy metal contaminated soil. | the heavy metal resistant bacterium isolated from field soil and identified as enterobacter sp. rzs5 tolerates a high concentration (100-2000 μm) of various heavy metal ions such as mn2+, ni2+, zn2+, cu2+, co2+ and fe2+ when grown in such environment and produces exopolysaccharides (eps). here, we have demonstrated eps production by enterobacter sp. rzs5 during 60 h of growth in yeast extract mannitol broth (yemb). the yield increased by two fold after the addition of 60 μm of ca2+; 50 μm of fe2 ... | 2015 | 25757243 |
| cloning and functional analysis of three diacylglycerol acyltransferase genes from peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat) catalyzes the final and only committed acylation step in the synthesis of triacylglycerols. in this study, three novel ahdgats genes were identified and isolated from peanut. quantitative real-time rt-pcr analysis indicated that the ahdgat1-2 transcript was more abundant in roots, seeds, and cotyledons, whereas the transcript abundances of ahdgat1-1 and ahdgat3-3 were higher in flowers than in the other tissues examined. during seed development, transcript l ... | 2014 | 25181516 |
| a bifunctional enzyme that has both monoacylglycerol acyltransferase and acyl hydrolase activities. | monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (mgat) catalyzes the synthesis of diacylglycerol, the precursor of triacylglycerol biosynthesis and an important signaling molecule. here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the peanut (arachis hypogaea) mgat gene. the soluble enzyme utilizes invariant histidine-62 and aspartate-67 residues of the acyltransferase motif for its mgat activity. a sequence analysis revealed the presence of a hydrolase (gxsxg) motif, and enzyme assays revealed the prese ... | 2012 | 22915575 |
| production of resveratrol from tyrosine in metabolically engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae. | resveratrol, a polyphenol compound found in grape skins, has been proposed to account for the beneficial effects of red wine against heart disease. to produce resveratrol in saccharomyces cerevisiae, four heterologous genes were introduced: the phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene from rhodosporidium toruloides, the cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase and 4-coumarate:coenzyme a ligase genes both from arabidopsis thaliana, and the stilbene synthase gene from arachis hypogaea. when this recombinant yeast was ... | 2012 | 22883555 |
| antigenic cross-reactivity between schistosoma mansoni and peanut: a role for cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (ccds) and implications for the hygiene hypothesis. | the antigenic reactivity of constituents of schistosoma mansoni and peanut (arachis hypogaea) was investigated to determine whether identical antigenic epitopes possessed by both organisms provided a possible explanation for the negative correlation between chronic schistosome infection and atopy to allergens. aqueous extracts of peanuts were probed in western immunoblots with rabbit igg antibodies raised against the egg, cercarial and adult worm stages of s. mansoni. several molecules in the pe ... | 2017 | 28201853 |
| intracellular lectin-binding sites in symbiont-bearing crithidia species. | crithidia oncopelti, c. deanei, and c. desouzai are flagellates of the trypanosomatidae family that present bacterium-like endosymbionts in their cytoplasm. direct and indirect lectin-gold labeling techniques were used at the electron microscopic level in lowicryl k4m-embedded cells to demonstrate the presence of intracellular lectin-binding sites. we used the lectins ulex europaeus i, griffonia simplicifolia ii, ricinus communis i, arachis hypogaea, g. simplicifolia i, wistaria floribunda, limu ... | 1993 | 8278337 |
| coat protein-mediated transgenic resistance of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) to peanut stem necrosis disease through agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. | the absence of resistance genes against biotic stresses like tobacco streak virus (tsv) within compatible peanut germplasm necessitates the deployment of genetic engineering strategy to develop transgenic resistance. transgenic resistance in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) to peanut stem necrosis disease caused by tsv was obtained by transferring coat protein (cp) gene of tsv through agrobacterium-mediated transformation of de-embryonated cotyledons and immature leaves of peanut cultivars kadiri 6 ... | 2013 | 24426277 |
| genetic dissection of novel qtls for resistance to leaf spots and tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | peanut is an important crop, economically and nutritiously, but high production cost is a serious challenge to peanut farmers as exemplified by chemical spray to control foliar diseases such as leaf spots and thrips, the vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). the objective of this research was to map the quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistance to leaf spots and tswv in one recombinant inbred line (ril) mapping population of "tifrunner × gt-c20" for identification of linked markers fo ... | 2017 | 28197153 |
| identification of major qtls underlying tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in peanut cultivar florida-ep(tm) '113'. | spotted wilt caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is one of the major peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) diseases in the southeastern united states. occurrence, severity, and symptoms of spotted wilt disease are highly variable from season to season, making it difficult to efficiently evaluate breeding populations for resistance. molecular markers linked to spotted wilt resistance could overcome this problem and allow selection of resistant lines regardless of environmental conditions. florida-e ... | 2016 | 27600750 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus and leaf spots in a recombinant inbred line population of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) from sunoleic 97r and nc94022. | peanut is vulnerable to a range of diseases, such as tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and leaf spots which will cause significant yield loss. the most sustainable, economical and eco-friendly solution for managing peanut diseases is development of improved cultivars with high level of resistance. we developed a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between sunoleic 97r and nc94022, named as the s-population. an improved genetic linkage map was developed for the s-population with 248 ... | 2016 | 27427980 |
| development and utilization of indel markers to identify peanut (arachis hypogaea) disease resistance. | peanut diseases, such as leaf spot and spotted wilt caused by tomato spotted wilt virus, can significantly reduce yield and quality. application of marker assisted plant breeding requires the development and validation of different types of dna molecular markers. nearly 10,000 ssr-based molecular markers have been identified by various research groups around the world, but less than 14.5% showed polymorphism in peanut and only 6.4% have been mapped. low levels of polymorphism limit the applicati ... | 2015 | 26617627 |
| effects of thrips density, mode of inoculation, and plant age on tomato spotted wilt virus transmission in peanut plants. | spotted wilt caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv; family bunyaviridae; genus tospovirus) is a serious disease of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) in the southeastern united states. peanut genotypes with field resistance to tswv are effective in suppressing spotted wilt. all commercially available genotypes with field resistance to tswv were developed through conventional breeding. as a part of the breeding process, peanut genotypes are regularly screened under field situations. despite numerou ... | 2015 | 26308816 |
| host plant resistance against tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut (arachis hypogaea) and its impact on susceptibility to the virus, virus population genetics, and vector feeding behavior and survival. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) severely affects peanut production in the southeastern united states. breeding efforts over the last three decades resulted in the release of numerous peanut genotypes with field resistance to tswv. the degree of field resistance in these genotypes has steadily increased over time, with recently released genotypes exhibiting a higher degree of field resistance than older genotypes. however, most new genotypes have never been evaluated in the greenhouse or laborat ... | 2014 | 24025049 |
| second generation peanut genotypes resistant to thrips-transmitted tomato spotted wilt virus exhibit tolerance rather than true resistance and differentially affect thrips fitness. | spotted wilt disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (family bunyaviridae; genus tospovirus) is a major constraint to peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) production in the southeastern united states. reducing yield losses to tswv has heavily relied on planting genotypes that reduce the incidence of spotted wilt disease. however, mechanisms conferring resistance to tswv have not been identified in these genotypes. furthermore, no information is available on how these genotypes influence thrip ... | 2013 | 23786043 |
| identification of expressed resistance gene analogs from peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) expressed sequence tags. | low genetic diversity makes peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) very vulnerable to plant pathogens, causing severe yield loss and reduced seed quality. several hundred partial genomic dna sequences as nucleotide-binding-site leucine-rich repeat (nbs-lrr) resistance genes (r) have been identified, but a small portion with expressed transcripts has been found. we aimed to identify resistance gene analogs (rgas) from peanut expressed sequence tags (ests) and to develop polymorphic markers. the protein seq ... | 2013 | 23384141 |
| marker-assisted introgression of a qtl region to improve rust resistance in three elite and popular varieties of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | successful introgression of a major qtl for rust resistance, through marker-assisted backcrossing, in three popular indian peanut cultivars generated several promising introgression lines with enhanced rust resistance and higher yield. leaf rust, caused by puccinia arachidis speg, is one of the major devastating diseases in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). one qtl region on linkage group ahxv explaining upto 82.62 % phenotypic variation for rust resistance was validated and introgressed from cultiv ... | 2014 | 24927821 |
| interaction of hamster submaxillary sialyl-tn and tn glycoproteins with gal, galnac and glcnac specific lectins. | hamster submaxillary glycoprotein (hsm), one of the simplest glycoproteins among mammalian salivary mucins, is composed of approximately equivalent amounts of protein, hexosamine and sialic acid. the thr and ser residues in the protein core account for more than half of all of the amino acid residues, while lys, glu, pro and ala are the major components of the remaining portion of amino acids. the carbohydrate side chains of this mucous glycoprotein have mainly the neuac-galnac-(sialyl-tn) seque ... | 1994 | 8183285 |
| interaction of a novel tn (galnac alpha 1-->ser/thr) glycoprotein with gal, galnac and glcnac specific lectins. | a naturally occurring tn glycoprotein (native asg-tn) with galnac alpha 1-->ser/thr as the only carbohydrate side chains, has been prepared from armadillo submandibular glands. in a quantitative precipitin assay, this glycoprotein completely precipitated maclura pomifera (mpa), vicia villosa b4 (vvl-b4) and artocarpus integrifolia (jacalin, ail). it also reacted well with helix pomatia (hpl) and wistaria floribunda (wfl) and precipitated over 75% of the lectin nitrogen added, but poorly with ric ... | 1994 | 8292029 |
| phytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of 5,7-dihydroxychromone from peanut shells. | a flavonoid decomposition product that is present in peanut (arachis hypogaea) shells, 5,7-dihydroxychromone (dhc), was found to inhibit the radial growth of cultures of the soil pathogenic fungirhizoctonia solani andsclerotium rolfsii with i50 (the concentrations of dhc required to inhibit growth 50%) values of 18 and 26µm, respectively. radicle elongation of velvetleaf, corn, peanut, and wheat was inhibited by dhc with i50 values of 30, 50, 65 and 200µm, respectively. dhc had no effect on the ... | 1995 | 24234013 |
| evaluation of silver nanoparticles toxicity of arachis hypogaea peel extracts and its larvicidal activity against malaria and dengue vectors. | silver nanoparticles (agnps) were successfully synthesised from aqueous silver nitrate using the extracts of arachis hypogaea peels. the synthesised snps were characterized by fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy analysis, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy analysis and high-resonance scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. agnps were well defined and measured 20 to 50 nm in size. the nanoparticles were crystallized with a face-centered cubic s ... | 2015 | 26154036 |
| larvicidal activity of acacia nilotica extracts and isolation of d-pinitol--a bioactive carbohydrate. | a low-molecular-weight, sugar-like compound other than glucose, fructose, sucrose, or myo-inositol showing lipophilic nature was isolated from the etoh extract of acacia nilotica. the structure of the compound was determined by spectral methods. this alicyclic polyalcohol was found to be d-pinitol (= 3-o-methyl-d-chiro-inositol; 1). the configuration of the compound was confirmed by single-crystal x-ray analysis. the compound 1 is known from soybean, australian mangroves, fagonia indica, arachis ... | 2005 | 17192011 |
| plants with potential use on obesity and its complications. | obesity is the most prevalent nutritional disease and a growing public health problem worldwide. this disease is a causal component of the metabolic syndrome related with abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, inflammation, among others. there are anti-obesity drugs, affecting the fundamental processes of the weight regulation; however they have shown serious side effects, which outweigh their beneficial effects. most recent studies on the treatment of obesity and it ... | 2015 | 26869866 |
| cryopreservation of aoudad (ammotragus lervia sahariensis) sperm obtained by transrectal ultrasound-guided massage of the accessory sex glands and electroejaculation. | this study examines (1) the effectiveness of transrectal, ultrasound-guided massage of the accessory sex glands (tumasg) combined with electroejaculation for obtaining aoudad (ammotragus lervia sahariensis) sperm samples for cryopreservation, and (2) the effectiveness of a tris-citric acid-glucose-based medium (tcg; usually used for freezing ibex sperm) and a tes-tris-glucose-based medium (ttg; typically used in the cryopreservation of mouflon sperm) as sperm extenders. after tumasg, just one to ... | 2013 | 23158213 |
| physiological effects of resveratrol and coumaric acid on two major groundnut pests and their egg parasitoid behavior. | groundnut, arachis hypogea l., is one of the plant species that synthesizes phenolic compounds, resveratrol and coumaric acid. they are induced as a defense strategy in plant in response to feeding lepidopterans. the present study investigated the role of resveratrol and coumaric acid in producing antiherbivore effects as a direct defense against two major groundnut pests, spodoptera litura f. and amsacta albistriga w., and in indirect defense by attracting the egg parasitoid trichogramma chilon ... | 2016 | 26890503 |
| structure and glycosylation of the term yolk sac placenta and uterine attachment site in the viviparous shark mustelus canis. | the viviparous shark mustelus canis nurtures its young within the uterus by means of a modified yolk sac which functions as a placenta. two term specimens have been examined with a panel of 21 biotinylated lectins to assess whether glycans form a prominent interface between fetal and maternal tissues as in their therian counterparts. the yolk sac placenta was lined by a thin egg envelope which apposed though did not make contact with the uterine epithelium, and expressed fucosyl, n-acetyl glucos ... | 2004 | 15451197 |
| carbohydrate expression profile of colorectal cancer cells is relevant to metastatic pattern and prognosis. | carbohydrate expression of cancer cells is closely related to the metastatic nature of colorectal cancer. in the present study we investigated the relevance of carbohydrate expression profiles of colorectal cancer cells in the primary lesion to metastatic distribution patterns as well as prognosis in 134 cases. carbohydrate expression was estimated by histochemistry with 17 kinds of lectins and 3 kinds of lewis-related monoclonal antibodies (mabs), and correlations between the staining and clini ... | 2002 | 11918084 |
| differential induction of flavonoids in groundnut in response to helicoverpa armigera and aphis craccivora infestation. | flavonoids are important plant secondary metabolites, which protect plants from various stresses, including herbivory. plants differentially respond to insects with different modes of action. high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) fingerprinting of phenols of groundnut (arachis hypogaea) plants with differential levels of resistance was carried out in response to helicoverpa armigera (chewing insect) and aphis craccivora (sucking pest) infestation. the genotypes used were icgv 86699, icgv ... | 2016 | 27398031 |
| identification and mapping of aflp markers linked to peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) resistance to the aphid vector of groundnut rosette disease. | groundnut rosette disease is the most destructive viral disease of peanut in africa and can cause serious yield losses under favourable conditions. the development of disease-resistant cultivars is the most effective control strategy. resistance to the aphid vector, aphis craccivora, was identified in the breeding line icg 12991 and is controlled by a single recessive gene. bulked segregant analysis (bsa) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis were employed to identify dna ma ... | 2004 | 15290049 |
| cloning and characterization of the dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 2a gene in eruca vesicaria subsp sativa. | eruca vesicaria subsp sativa is one of the most tolerant cruciferae species to drought, and dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 2a (dreb2a) is involved in responses to salinity, heat, and particularly drought. in this study, a gene encoding evdreb2a was cloned and characterized in e. vesicaria subsp sativa. the full-length evdreb2a cdna sequence contained a 388-bp 5'-untranslated region (utr), a 348-bp 3'-utr, and a 1002-bp open reading frame that encoded 334 amino acid residues. the ... | 2016 | 27525923 |
| serine-rich protein is a novel positive regulator for silicon accumulation in mangrove. | silicon (si) plays an important role in reducing plant susceptibility against a variety of different biotic and abiotic stresses; and also has an important regulatory role in soil to avoid heavy metal toxicity and providing suitable growing conditions for plants. a full-length cdnas of 696bp of serine-rich protein was cloned from mangrove plant (rhizophora apiculata) by amplification of cdna ends from an expressed sequence tag homologous to groundnut (arachis hypogaea), submitted to ncbi (kf2113 ... | 2015 | 25479011 |
| characterization of the β-1,3-glucanase gene in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) by cloning and genetic transformation. | plant β-1,3-glucanases are commonly involved in disease resistance. this report describes the cloning and genetic transformation of a β-1,3-glucanase gene from peanut. the gene was isolated from both the genomic dna and cdna of peanut variety huayu20 by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr), respectively. the dna sequence contained 1471 bp including two exons and one intron, and the coding sequence contained 1047 bp that coded for a 348-amino acid protein with a ... | 2014 | 24668677 |
| identification and characterization of a gene encoding a putative lysophosphatidyl acyltransferase from arachis hypogaea. | lysophosphatidyl acyltransferase (lpat) is the important enzyme responsible for the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid (lpa), leading to the generation of phosphatidic acid (pa) in plant. its encoding gene is an essential candidate for oil crops to improve oil composition and increase seed oil content through genetic engineering. in this study, a full length ahlpat4 gene was isolated via cdna library screening and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race); our data demonstrated that ahlpat4 had 16 ... | 2012 | 23151793 |
| a cytosolic acyltransferase contributes to triacylglycerol synthesis in sucrose-rescued arabidopsis seed oil catabolism mutants. | triacylglycerol (tag) levels and oil bodies persist in sucrose (suc)-rescued arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings disrupted in seed oil catabolism. this study set out to establish if tag levels persist as a metabolically inert pool when downstream catabolism is disrupted, or if other mechanisms, such as fatty acid (fa) recycling into tag are operating. we show that tag composition changes significantly in suc-rescued seedlings compared with that found in dry seeds, with 18:2 and 18:3 acc ... | 2012 | 22760209 |
| mining functional microsatellites in legume unigenes. | highly polymorphic and transferable microsatellites (ssrs) are important for comparative genomics, genome analysis and phylogenetic studies. development of novel species-specific microsatellite markers remains a costly and labor-intensive project. therefore, interest has been shifted from genomic to genic markers owing to their high inter-species transferability as they are developed from conserved coding regions of the genome. this study concentrates on comparative analysis of genic microsatell ... | 2011 | 22125396 |
| epigenetic regulation of peanut allergen gene ara h 3 in developing embryos. | peanut (arachis hypogaea) allergy is one of the most serious food allergies. peanut seed protein, ara h 3, is considered to be one of the most important peanut allergens. little is known about the temporal and spatial regulation mechanism of ara h 3 during seed development. in this study, chromatin structure of the ara h 3 promoter was analyzed to examine its transcriptional regulation. analysis of transgenic plants of arabidopsis thaliana expressing arah3: gus showed that the ara h 3 promoter c ... | 2010 | 20157727 |
| transformation of peanut using a modified bacterial mercuric ion reductase gene driven by an actin promoter from arabidopsis thaliana. | in order to test an alternative selectable marker system for the production of transgenic peanut plants (arachis hypogaea), the bacterial mercuric ion reductase gene, mera, was introduced into embryogenic cultures via microprojectile bombardment. mera reduces toxic hg(ii) to the volatile and less toxic metallic mercury molecule, hg(0), and renders its source gram-negative bacterium mercury resistant. a codon-modified version of the mera gene, merape9, was cloned into a plant expression cassette ... | 2003 | 12964870 |
| a large scale analysis of resistance gene homologues in arachis. | arachis hypogaea l., commonly known as the peanut or groundnut, is an important and widespread food legume. because the crop has a narrow genetic base, genetic diversity in a. hypogaea is low and it lacks sources of resistance to many pests and diseases. in contrast, wild diploid arachis species are genetically diverse and are rich sources of disease resistance genes. the majority of known plant disease resistance genes encode proteins with a nucleotide binding site domain (nbs). in this study, ... | 2003 | 12928866 |
| allelopathic activity of extracts from different brazilian peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) cultivars on lettuce (lactuca sativa) and weed plants. | peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is the fourth most consumed oleaginous plant in the world, producing seeds with high contents of lipids, proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates. biological activities of different extracts of this species have already been evaluated by many researchers, including antioxidant, antitumoral, and antibacterial. in this work, the allelopathic activity of extracts from different brazilian peanut cultivars against lettuce (lactuca sativa) and two weed plants (commelina bengh ... | 2017 | 28396881 |
| biotechnological approaches for production of anti-cancerous compounds resveratrol, podophyllotoxin and zerumbone. | secondary metabolites from numerous plant sources have been developed as anti-cancer reagents and compounds such as resveratrol, podophyllotoxin and zerumbone are of particular importance in this regard. since their de novo chemical synthesis is both arduous and commercially expensive, there has been an impetus to develop viable, biotechnological methods of production. accordingly, this review focuses on recent developments in the field, highlighting the use of micropropagation, cell suspension ... | 2017 | 28393691 |
| phylogenetically diverse group of native bacterial symbionts isolated from root nodules of groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.) in south africa. | groundnut is an economically important n2-fixing legume that can contribute about 100-190kgnha(-1) to cropping systems. in this study, groundnut-nodulating native rhizobia in south african soils were isolated from root nodules. genetic analysis of isolates was done using restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp)-pcr of the intergenic spacer (igs) region of 16s-23s rdna. a total of 26 igs types were detected with band sizes ranging from 471 to 1415bp. the rhizobial isolates were grouped in ... | 2017 | 28372899 |
| arachis hypogaea l. produces mimic and inhibitory quorum sensing like molecules. | a wide variety of plant-associated soil bacteria (rhizobacteria) communicate with each other by quorum sensing (qs). plants are able to detect and produce mimics and inhibitor molecules of the qs bacterial communicative process. arachis hypogaea l. (peanut) establishes a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobia belonging to the genus bradyrhizobium. these bacteria use a qs mechanism dependent on the synthesis of n-acyl homoserine lactones (ahls). given the relevance that plant-rhizobacteria inter ... | 2017 | 28357693 |
| economic injury level and demography-based control timing projection of spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) at different growth stages of arachis hypogaea. | spodoptera litura (f.), one of the most devastating pests in many asian countries, is normally controlled by relying on chemical insecticides. to encourage an integrated pest management approach, we determined the economic injury level (eil) for s. litura on peanut, arachis hypogaea l., by larval infestation with late instars at different crop growth stages. the cumulative consumption rate of the fifth- and sixth-instars was used as the relative unit for the "spodoptera injury equivalent" (sie). ... | 2017 | 28334106 |
| occurrence of toxigenic fungi and aflatoxin potential of aspergillus spp. strains associated with subsistence farmed crops in haiti. | subsistence farming and poor storage facilities favor toxigenic fungal contamination and mycotoxin accumulation in staple foods from tropical countries such as haiti. the present preliminary study was designed to evaluate the occurrence of toxigenic fungi in haitian foodstuffs to define the mycotoxin risk associated with haitian crops. the objectives of this research were to determine the distribution of toxigenic fungi in the haitian crops maize, moringa, and peanut seeds and to screen aspergil ... | 2017 | 28291386 |
| genetic mapping of yield traits using ril population derived from fuchuan dahuasheng and icg6375 of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | the genetic architecture determinants of yield traits in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) are poorly understood. in the present study, an effort was made to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) for yield traits using recombinant inbred lines (ril). a genetic linkage map was constructed containing 609 loci, covering a total of 1557.48 cm with an average distance of 2.56 cm between adjacent markers. the present map exhibited good collinearity with the physical map of diploid species of arachis. ninety-t ... | 2017 | 28216998 |