| efficacy of a new bivalent vaccine of porcine circovirus type 2 and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (fostera™ pcv mh) under experimental conditions. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new bivalent vaccine (fostera™ pcv mh, zoetis) of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in growing pigs under experimental conditions. a total of 80 pigs were randomly divided into 8 groups (10 pigs per group). the pigs were administered the bivalent vaccine intramuscularly as a 2.0 ml dose at 21 days of age based on the manufacturer's instructions. three weeks after vaccination, the pigs were inoculated with e ... | 2016 | 26626212 |
| mlva typing of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins and field strains. | because of the lack of information about both the genetic characteristics of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae commercial vaccines and their relationship with field strains, the authors attempted to identify genetic subtypes of some m hyopneumoniae bacterins, and to compare them with m. hyopneumoniae field strains. six commercial m hyopneumoniae bacterins and 28 bronchoalveolar lavages from pigs at slaughter from three herds were analysed by multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) on ... | 2015 | 26495127 |
| apoptosis induced by lipid-associated membrane proteins from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in a porcine lung epithelial cell line with the involvement of caspase 3 and the mapk pathway. | lipid-associated membrane proteins (lamps) are important in the pathogenicity of the mycoplasma genus of bacteria. we investigated whether mycoplasma hyopneumoniae lamps have pathogenic potential by inducing apoptosis in a st. jude porcine lung epithelial cell line (sjpl). lamps from a pathogenic strain of m. hyopneumoniae (strain 232) were used in the research. our investigation made use of diamidino-phenylindole (dapi) and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (ao/eb) staining, terminal dexynucleot ... | 2015 | 26436384 |
| efficacy of combined vaccination against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in dually infected pigs. | porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) is one of the main causes of economic losses for swine producers. this complex is due to a combination of different pathogens and their interactions. two major pathogens involved in prdc are mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). the objectives of this study were (i) to develop an experimental model of dual mhp/prrsv infection in spf pigs with european strains of mhp and prrsv and (ii) to assess a ... | 2015 | 26422712 |
| use of tylvalosin in the control of porcine enzootic pneumonia. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of tylvalosin (aivlosin water soluble granules, eco animal health) in drinking water for control of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m hyo) on a farm with chronic enzootic pneumonia (ep) problems and high prevalence of mycoplasma-like lesions at slaughter. | 2015 | 26392896 |
| increased mycoplasma hyopneumoniae disease prevalence in domestic hybrids among free-living wild boar. | wildlife immune genes are subject to natural selection exerted by pathogens. in contrast, domestic immune genes are largely protected from pathogen selection by veterinary care. introgression of domestic alleles into the wild could lead to increased disease susceptibility, but observations are scarce due to low introgression rates, low disease prevalence and reduced survival of domestic hybrids. here we report the first observation of a deleterious effect of domestic introgression on disease pre ... | 2015 | 26391376 |
| immunogenic properties and mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (mps) lung lesions in large white pigs selected for higher peripheral blood immune capacity. | immunogenic properties and mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (mps) lung lesions were compared between the immunity-selected large white line and the non-selected large white line. the selected large white line showed a higher level of pulmonary mps lesions compared with the non-selected large white line. subsequent to vaccination, the percentage of natural killer cells and t cells (cd3(+) cd4(+) cd8(-) and cd3(+) cd4(-) cd8(+) t cells) were significantly increased in the non-selected line but remai ... | 2016 | 26388420 |
| sonicated protein fractions of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induce inflammatory responses and differential gene expression in a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is known to cause porcine enzootic pneumonia (ep), an important disease in swine production. the objective of this study was to examine the effects of sonicated protein fractions of m. hyopneumoniae on inflammatory response and gene expression in the murine alveolar macrophage mh-s cell line. the effects of sonicated protein fractions and intact m. hyopneumoniae on the gene expression of cytokines and inos were assessed using rt-pcr. the annealing control primer (acp)-ba ... | 2015 | 26370797 |
| immunogenic properties of landrace pigs selected for resistance to mycoplasma pneumonia of swine. | mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (mps) lung lesions and immunogenic properties were compared between a landrace line that was genetically selected for reduced incidence of pulmonary mps lesions, and a non-selected landrace line. the mps-selected landrace line showed significantly lower degrees of pulmonary mps lesions compared with the non-selected landrace line. when changes in immunity before and after vaccination were compared, the percentage of b cells in the peripheral blood of the mps-selecte ... | 2016 | 26260893 |
| genetic association of the porcine c9 complement component with hemolytic complement activity. | the complement system is a part of the natural immune regulation mechanism against invading pathogens. complement activation from three different pathways (classical, lectin, and alternative) leads to the formation of c5-convertase, an enzyme for cleavage of c5 into c5a and c5b, followed by c6, c7, c8, and c9 in membrane attack complex. the c9 is the last complement component of the terminal lytic pathway, which plays an important role in lysis of the target cells depending on its self-polymeriz ... | 2015 | 26194222 |
| assessment of litter prevalence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in preweaned piglets utilizing an antemortem tracheobronchial mucus collection technique and a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. | the swine industry currently lacks validated antemortem methods of detecting baseline herd prevalence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the focus of our study was to evaluate alternative antemortem detection techniques and to determine baseline litter prevalence in preweaned pig populations utilizing the selected technique and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assay. preliminary data was analyzed on weaned piglets with evidence of respiratory disease (n = 32). five sample types (antemortem ... | 2015 | 26179099 |
| impact of particulate matter and ammonia on average daily weight gain, mortality and lung lesions in pigs. | the present study investigated the simultaneous influence of particulate matter (pm10) and ammonia (nh3) on performance, lung lesions and the presence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae) in finishing pigs. a pig herd experiencing clinical problems of m. hyopneumoniae infections was selected. in total, 1095 finishing pigs of two replicates in eight compartments each were investigated during the entire finishing period (fp). indoor pm10 and nh3 were measured at regular intervals during ... | 2015 | 26148844 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in peri-weaned and post-weaned pigs in belgium and the netherlands: prevalence and associations with climatic conditions. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyo) is an important pathogen in modern intensive pig farming in europe. the objectives of the present study were (1) to use the tracheobronchial swab (tbs) technique to obtain data on the distribution of m. hyo infections in recently weaned pigs in belgium and the netherlands, and (2) to look for associations between infection prevalence and specific climatic conditions. one hundred and seventy-six pig herds were randomly selected and 30 piglets sampled on each farm ... | 2015 | 25981930 |
| a rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification procedure (lamp) for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection based on the p36 gene. | the aim of this study was to establish a method for sensitive and rapid diagnosis of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in clinical specimens. to this effect, we employed three sets of primers specifically designed for amplification of nucleic acids under isothermal conditions. after optimization of reaction conditions, m. hyopneumoniae could be successfully detected at 63°c in 45 min through use of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay. a positive reaction was identified visually as whi ... | 2015 | 25966242 |
| intrinsic terminators in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transcription. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, an important pathogen of swine, exhibits a low guanine and cytosine (gc) content genome. m. hyopneumoniae genome is organised in long transcriptional units and promoter sequences have been mapped upstream of all transcription units. these analysis provided insights into the gene organisation and transcription initiation at the genome scale. however, the presence of transcriptional terminator sequences in the m. hyopneumoniae genome is poorly understood. | 2015 | 25886614 |
| complete genome sequence of mycoplasma flocculare strain ms42t (atcc 27399t). | mycoplasma flocculare is a commensal or low-virulence pathogen of swine. the complete 778,866-bp genome sequence of m. flocculare strain ms42(t) has been determined, enabling further comparison to genomes of the closely related pathogen mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the absence of the p97 and glpd genes may contribute to the attenuated virulence of m. flocculare. | 2015 | 25767245 |
| comparison of immune responses to intranasal and intrapulmonary vaccinations with the attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168 strain in pigs. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the immune responses to intranasal and intrapulmonary vaccinations with the attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) 168 strain in the local respiratory tract in pigs. twenty-four pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups: an intranasal immunization group, an intrapulmonary immunization group, an intramuscular immunization group and a control group. the levels of local respiratory tract cellular and humoral immune responses were investigated. the levels of i ... | 2015 | 25649413 |
| mhj_0461 is a multifunctional leucine aminopeptidase on the surface of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | aminopeptidases are part of the arsenal of virulence factors produced by bacterial pathogens that inactivate host immune peptides. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a genome-reduced pathogen of swine that lacks the genetic repertoire to synthesize amino acids and relies on the host for availability of amino acids for growth. m. hyopneumoniae recruits plasmin(ogen) onto its cell surface via the p97 and p102 adhesins and the glutamyl aminopeptidase mhj_0125. plasmin plays an important role in regulating ... | 2015 | 25589579 |
| genotype distribution of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in swine herds from different geographical regions. | genetic heterogeneity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs has been reported, however there has been limited reproducibility on the molecular methods employed so far. the aim of this study was to modify and standardize a high-resolution multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (mlva), to investigate the genetic variability of m. hyopneumoniae circulating in the united states of america (usa), brazil, mexico and spain. the mlva was standardized on the basis of the number of tandem rep ... | 2015 | 25497236 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-derived lipid-associated membrane proteins induce inflammation and apoptosis in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of swine enzootic pneumonia (ep), a disease that causes considerable economic losss in swine industry. lipid-associated membrane proteins (lamps) of mycoplasma play important roles in causing mycoplasma diseases. the present study explores the pathogenic mechanisms of m. hyopneumoniae lamps by elucidating their role in modulating the inflammation, apoptosis, and relevant signaling pathways of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) of pig. lamp ... | 2015 | 25481242 |
| transcription analysis on response of porcine alveolar macrophages to co-infection of the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) is of great concern economically, for swine producers worldwide. co-infections with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) are considered the major causative agents of prdc, and responsible for mass mortality in pigs. nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the host factors involved in pathogenesis and persistent infection have not been clearly established because of a lack of information ... | 2015 | 25445346 |
| survey of surface proteins from the pathogenic mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 7448 using a biotin cell surface labeling approach. | the characterization of the repertoire of proteins exposed on the cell surface by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae), the etiological agent of enzootic pneumonia in pigs, is critical to understand physiological processes associated with bacterial infection capacity, survival and pathogenesis. previous in silico studies predicted that about a third of the genes in the m. hyopneumoniae genome code for surface proteins, but so far, just a few of them have experimental confirmation of their ... | 2014 | 25386928 |
| unravelling the transcriptome profile of the swine respiratory tract mycoplasmas. | the swine respiratory ciliary epithelium is mainly colonized by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, mycoplasma flocculare and mycoplasma hyorhinis. while colonization by m. flocculare is virtually asymptomatic, m. hyopneumoniae and m. hyorhinis infections may cause respiratory disease. information regarding transcript structure and gene abundance provides valuable insight into gene function and regulation, which has not yet been analyzed on a genome-wide scale in these mycoplasma species. in this study, w ... | 2014 | 25333523 |
| proteolytic processing of the cilium adhesin mhj_0194 (p123j ) in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae generates a functionally diverse array of cleavage fragments that bind multiple host molecules. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the aetiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, regulates the presentation of proteins on its cell surface via endoproteolysis, including those of the cilial adhesin p123 (mhj_0194). these proteolytic cleavage events create functional adhesins that bind to proteoglycans and glycoproteins on the surface of ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells and to the circulatory host molecule plasminogen. two dominant cleavage events of the p123 preprotein have been previo ... | 2015 | 25293691 |
| antibody responses of swine following infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, m. hyorhinis, m. hyosynoviae and m. flocculare. | several mycoplasma species possessing a range of virulence have been described in swine. the most commonly described are mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, mycoplasma hyorhinis, mycoplasma hyosynoviae, and mycoplasma flocculare. they are ubiquitious in many pig producing areas of the world, and except for m. hyopneumoniae, commercial antibody-based assays are lacking for most of these. antibody cross-reactivity among these four mycoplasma species is not well characterized. recently, the use of pen-based ... | 2014 | 25240775 |
| innate and adaptive immune responses of snatch-farrowed porcine-colostrum-deprived pigs to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination. | the snatch-farrowed porcine-colostrum-deprived (sf-pcd) pig model, in which neonates are raised on commercially available bovine colostrum, is an alternative model for porcine infectious disease research. it is not known if sf-pcd pigs possess growth performance and immunity comparable to conventional, farm-raised pigs. the current experiment compared growth performance and immune responses of sf-pcd pigs to their farm-raised siblings following mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo) vaccination. twelve ... | 2014 | 25239088 |
| molecular epidemiology of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from outbreaks of enzootic pneumonia in domestic pig and the role of wild boar. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the major cause of enzootic pneumonia (ep) in domestic pigs, a disease with low mortality but high morbidity, having a great economic impact for producers. in switzerland ep has been successfully eradicated, however, sporadic outbreaks are observed with no obvious source. besides the possibility of recurrent outbreaks due to persisting m. hyopneumoniae strains within the pig population, there is suspicion that wild boars might introduce m. hyopneumoniae into swine her ... | 2014 | 25236987 |
| in vitro activity of tylvalosin against spanish field strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is involved in the porcine enzootic pneumonia and respiratory disease complex; therefore, the search for new treatment options that contribute to the control of this organism is relevant. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) and minimal bactericidal concentrations of tylvalosin and 19 other antimicrobial agents against 20 spanish field isolates of m. hyopneumoniae were determined using the broth microdilution method, with the type strain (j) as a control strain. ... | 2014 | 25185108 |
| immune responses elicited by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae recombinant antigens and dna constructs with potential for use in vaccination against porcine enzootic pneumonia. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (pep) and causes major economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. commercially available vaccines provide only partial protection and are relatively expensive. in this study, we assessed the humoral and cellular immune responses to three recombinant antigens of m. hyopneumoniae. immune responses to selected domains of the p46, hsp70 and mnua antigens (p46102-253, hsp70212-601 and mnua182-378), delivered as recomb ... | 2014 | 25148775 |
| a comparative pathological finding in pigs exposed to fumonisin b1 and/or mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | a more complicated pathology was observed in female pigs infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, when the same were exposed to 20 ppm dietary levels of fumonisin b1 (fb1) starting 14 days before infection for a period of 42 days as was assessed by gross pathology and pathomorphological examinations or computed tomography, and also manifested by the strong deterioration of the pneumonic process in two pigs and the subsequent euthanizing of one pig. typical damages in fb1-fed pigs were a strong oe ... | 2016 | 25107460 |
| the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae recombinant heat shock protein p42 induces an immune response in pigs under field conditions. | enzootic pneumonia (ep), resulting from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection is one of the most prevalent diseases in pigs and is a major cause of economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. ep is often controlled by vaccination with inactivated, adjuvanted whole-cell bacterin. however, these bacterins provide only partial protection and do not prevent m. hyopneumoniae colonization. attempts to develop vaccines that are more efficient have made use of the recombinant dna technology. the objec ... | 2014 | 25082621 |
| use of serological and mucosal immune responses to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens p97r1, p46 and p36 in the diagnosis of infection. | currently available elisas used to diagnose mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs have high specificity but low sensitivity. to develop more sensitive assays, the kinetics of specific serum igg and respiratory mucosal siga responses against three m. hyopneumoniae antigens, namely, p97r1 (an adhesin protein), p46 (a membrane protein), and p36 (a cytosolic protein), were characterised over 133 days following experimental infection. immunoglobulin g against the three proteins remained at high ... | 2014 | 25066030 |
| comparative analysis of mucosal immunity to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in jiangquhai porcine lean strain and dly piglets. | the jiangquhai porcine lean strain (jqhpl) is a new pork meat-type strain that has been developed in recent years from the parent lines duroc, fengjing, and jiangquhai pigs (durocxfengjing pigxjiangquhai pig). enzootic pneumonia (ep) in pigs induced by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae) is a chronic respiratory disease of pigs, generating high economic losses in the swine industry. here, we investigated the degree of resistance to m. hyopneumoniae for the jiangquhai porcine lean strain ... | 2014 | 25061745 |
| proteogenomic mapping of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae virulent strain 232. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes respiratory disease in swine and contributes to the porcine respiratory disease complex, a major disease problem in the swine industry. the m. hyopneumoniae strain 232 genome is one of the smallest and best annotated microbial genomes, containing only 728 annotated genes and 691 known proteins. standard protein databases for mass spectrometry only allow for the identification of known and predicted proteins, which if incorrect can limit our understanding of the bi ... | 2014 | 25005615 |
| intra-farm risk factors for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonization at weaning age. | the objective of this study was to identify intra-farm risk factors that affected the colonization with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at weaning age. three farrow-to-wean farms were visited at least 5 times each. an average of 54 piglets were sampled at each visit and assayed by means of real-time pcr in nasal swabs. the proportion of pcr positive piglets was evaluated as a response to several variables including dam's pcr status, piglet serological status, and local climatic conditions during the la ... | 2014 | 24984946 |
| evaluation of recombinant mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p97/p102 paralogs formulated with selected adjuvants as vaccines against mycoplasmal pneumonia in pigs. | pig responses to recombinant subunit vaccines containing fragments of eight multifunctional adhesins of the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) p97/p102 paralog family formulated with alhydrogel(®) or montanide™ gel01 were compared with a commercial bacterin following experimental challenge. pigs, vaccinated intramuscularly at 9, 12 and 15 weeks of age with either of the recombinant formulations (n=10 per group) or suvaxyn(®) m. hyo (n=12), were challenged with mhp strain hillcrest at 17 weeks of age ... | 2014 | 24930717 |
| cyclooxygenase-2 expression in pigs infected experimentally with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | porcine enzootic pneumonia, primarily caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh), is a contagious disease characterized by catarrhal bronchointerstitial pneumonia. previous studies have evaluated immunohistochemically the distribution of mh, different cellular populations and cytokines during mh-induced pneumonia. cyclooxygenase (cox)-2 is overexpressed during inflammatory responses by different cell types in the lung. the aim of this study was to elucidate the possible role of cox-2 in the pathoge ... | 2014 | 24925603 |
| genome organization in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: identification of promoter-like sequences. | information related to open reading frame (orf) organization, transcription regulation and promoter sequence has been available for the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 7448 genome, demonstrating that the orfs are continuously transcribed (cotranscription) in large clusters. a species-specific position-specific scoring matrix was applied to scan for putative promoters upstream of all coding sequences on a genome scale in m. hyopneumoniae. this study consisted of a detailed in silico promoter localizatio ... | 2014 | 24844214 |
| cilium adhesin p216 (mhj_0493) is a target of ectodomain shedding and aminopeptidase activity on the surface of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | mhj_0493 (p216) is a highly expressed cilium adhesin in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. p216 undergoes cleavage at position 1074 in the s/t-x-f↓-x-d/e-like motif (1072)t-n-f↓q-e(1076) generating n-terminal and c-terminal fragments of 120 kda (p120) and 85 kda (p85) on the surface of m. hyopneumoniae. here we show that several s/t-x-f↓x-d/e-like motifs exist in p216 but only (1072)t-n-f↓q-e(1076) and (1344)i-t-f↓a-d-y(1349) were determined to be bona fide processing sites by identifying semitryptic pep ... | 2014 | 24804907 |
| effect of different adjuvant formulations on the immunogenicity and protective effect of a live mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine after intramuscular inoculation. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae) vaccine strain 168 is an intrapulmonically injected attenuated live vaccine that is available in the chinese market. the aim of this study was to develop suitable adjuvants for this live vaccine to provide effective protection after intramuscular inoculation. several adjuvant components were screened to assess their toxicity for the live vaccine, and various adjuvant formulations were then designed and prepared. vaccines supplemented with these adjuvan ... | 2014 | 24731810 |
| interaction between single-dose mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines on dually infected pigs. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and/or porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccination on dually infected pigs. in total, 72 pigs were randomly divided into nine groups (eight pigs per group), as follows: five vaccinated and challenged groups, three non-vaccinated and challenged groups, and a negative control group. single-dose vaccination against m. hyopneumoniae alone decreased the levels of prrsv viremia and prrsv-in ... | 2014 | 24702900 |
| vaccination against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs: room for improvement. | | 2014 | 24656984 |
| interaction of porcine circovirus type 2 and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines on dually infected pigs. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccinations on disease severity in an experimental pcv2-m. hyopneumoniae dual challenge model. vaccine effectiveness was evaluated using microbiological (pcv2 viremia and m. hyopneumoniae nasal shedding), immunological (neutralizing antibodies and interferon-γ-secreting cells), and pathological (gross lung lesions, histopathologic pulmonary and lymphoid lesions, and the pres ... | 2014 | 24631087 |
| effects of dietary centella asiatica (l.) urban on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood composition in piglets vaccinated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | to investigate the effects of centella asiatica (l.) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood composition in piglets, 32 nursery pigs were fed 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% dietary c. asiatica (l.) from 15 to 90 kg bw. at 30 kg bw, nutrient digestibility was measured and at 35 kg bw piglets were vaccinated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. hematological parameters were checked at 40 and 80 kg bw. compared with the control, growth performance was not affected. the ether extract, ash and calc ... | 2014 | 24612418 |
| identification of mycoplasma suis antigens and development of a multiplex microbead immunoassay. | the aims of the current study were to identify mycoplasma suis antigens and develop a multiplex microbead immunoassay (mia). a m. suis-expression library was screened for immunogens using sera from infected pigs. based on bioinformatics, putative antigens were identified within positive inserts; gene fragments were expressed and purified as polyhistidine fusion proteins, and immunoreactivity was confirmed by western blot. selected antigens were used to develop a mia. sera from noninfected and in ... | 2014 | 24557752 |
| efficacy of early mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination against mixed respiratory disease in older fattening pigs. | the present field study investigated the efficacy of early mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination in a farrow-to-finish pig herd with respiratory disease late in the fattening period due to combined infections with m hyopneumoniae and viral pathogens. five hundred and forty piglets were randomly divided into three groups of 180 piglets each: two groups were vaccinated (stellamune once) at either 7 (v1) or 21 days of age (v2), and a third group was left non-vaccinated (nv). the three treatment grou ... | 2014 | 24436349 |
| transposon mutagenesis in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using a novel mariner-based system for generating random mutations. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the cause of enzootic pneumonia in pigs, a chronic respiratory disease associated with significant economic losses to swine producers worldwide. the molecular pathogenesis of infection is poorly understood due to the lack of genetic tools to allow manipulation of the organism and more generally for the mycoplasma genus. the objective of this study was to develop a system for generating random transposon insertion mutants in m. hyopneumoniae that could prove a powerful ... | 2013 | 24359443 |
| genetic diversity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates of abattoir pigs. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, is present in swine herds worldwide. however, there is little information on strains infecting herds in canada. a total of 160 swine lungs with lesions suggestive of enzootic pneumonia originating from 48 different farms were recovered from two slaughterhouses and submitted for gross pathology. the pneumonic lesion scores ranged from 2% to 84%. eighty nine percent of the lungs (143/160) were positive for m. hyopneumonia ... | 2014 | 24345410 |
| systemic and local immune response in pigs intradermally and intramuscularly injected with inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines. | the systemic and respiratory local immune response induced by the intradermal administration of a commercial inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae whole-cell vaccine (porcilis(®) mhyo id once - msd ah) in comparison with two commercial vaccines administered via the intramuscular route and a negative control (adjuvant only) was investigated. forty conventional m. hyopneumoniae-free pigs were randomly assigned to four groups (ten animals each): group a=intradermal administration of the test vaccine ... | 2014 | 24332702 |
| genetic selection for resistance to mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (mps) in the landrace line influences the expression of soluble factors in blood after mps vaccine sensitization. | we recently developed a landrace line that is resistant to mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (mps) infection by genetic selection for five generations, and we reported that the immunophenotype of this line is different from that of the non-selected line in terms of changes in peripheral blood leukocyte population after mps vaccination. this study followed up previous findings demonstrating changes in soluble factors in blood, namely, hormones, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specific immunoglobulin g (igg ... | 2014 | 24329865 |
| protective efficacy of a live attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine with an iscom-matrix adjuvant in pigs. | an attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine that requires intrathoracic administration is commercially available for use against mycoplasmal pneumonia in china. given the limitations of such a route of administration, this study was undertaken to assess the capacity of an iscom-matrix adjuvant to enhance immunogenicity following intramuscular use. immune responses in pigs following vaccination and subsequent intra-tracheal bacterial inoculation were examined using lymphocyte proliferation, se ... | 2014 | 24314715 |
| colostral antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity contributes to innate and antigen-specific immunity in piglets. | immunoglobulins and immune cells are critical components of colostral immunity; however, their transfer to and function in the neonate, especially maternal lymphocytes, is unclear. cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immunity in sow blood and colostrum and piglet blood before (ps) and after (as) suckling were assessed to investigate transfer and function of maternal immunity in the piglet. cd4, cd8, and γδ lymphocytes were found in sow blood and colostrum and piglet blood ps and as; each had a u ... | 2014 | 24252519 |
| p159 from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae binds porcine cilia and heparin and is cleaved in a manner akin to ectodomain shedding. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes the ciliated epithelial lining of the upper respiratory tract of swine and results in chronic infection. previously, we have observed that members of p97 and p102 paralog families of cilium adhesins undergo endoproteolytic processing on the surface of m. hyopneumoniae. we show that p159 (mhj_0494), an epithelial cell adhesin unrelated to p97 and p102 paralog families, is a cilium adhesin that undergoes dominant cleavage events at s/t-x-f↓x-d/e-like motifs locat ... | 2013 | 24195521 |
| [field trial on the simultaneous vaccination against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae]. | the objective of the present study was to investigate whether a combined or concurrent application of two vaccines against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyo.) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) in suckling piglets can be as effective as the single use of both products. | 2013 | 24126996 |
| vaccination inhibits tlr2 transcription via suppression of gr nuclear translocation and binding to tlr2 promoter in porcine lung infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) and glucocorticoid receptor (gr) act respectively as effectors of innate immune and stress responses. the crosstalk between them is critical for the maintenance of homeostasis during the immune response. vaccination is known to boost adaptive immunity, yet it remains elusive whether vaccination may affect gr/tlr interactions following infection. duroc×meishan crossbred piglets were allocated to three groups. the control group (cc) received neither vaccination nor infec ... | 2013 | 24035265 |
| development and validation of an attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae aerosol vaccine. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae) causes a chronic respiratory disease with high morbidity and low mortality in swine, and has been presented as a major cause of growth retardation in the swine industry. aerosol vaccination presents a needle free, high throughput, and efficient platform for vaccine delivery, and has been widely applied in poultry vaccination. however, aerosol vaccines have rarely been used in swine vaccination primarily because the long and curving respiratory track of ... | 2013 | 24035264 |
| molecular characterization of the heat shock protein 70 gene in mycoplasma ovipneumoniae. | mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is a species of mycoplasma bacteria that commonly infects the respiratory tract, causing respiratory disease in sheep and goats worldwide. in the current study, the 70-kda heat shock protein (hsp70) gene was cloned, sequenced and analyzed in 14 clinical isolates of m. ovipneumoniae. results showed that, compared to the reference y98 strain, the open-reading frames (orfs) of hsp70 gene in all isolates were 1818 base pairs (bp). three nucleotides of tca were inserted at 1, ... | 2013 | 24011586 |
| breed-linked polymorphisms of porcine toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and tlr4 and the primary investigation on their relationship with prevention against mycoplasma pneumoniae and bacterial lps challenge. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) play a crucial role in innate immunity, serving as pattern-recognition receptors and the first barrier in host defense against microbial infections. genetic variations of tlr2 and tlr4 are closely associated with a variety of infectious diseases, particularly lung diseases. in this study, we detected six and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the coding sequences of porcine tlr2 and tlr4 genes, respectively. only snp 1027c>a of tlr4 was shown to be markedly ... | 2013 | 23974322 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-derived lipid-associated membrane proteins induce apoptosis in porcine alveolar macrophage via increasing nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, and caspase-3 activation. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the primary etiological agent of enzootic pneumonia in swine. lipid-associated membrane proteins (lamp) of mycoplasma are the main pathogenicity factors in mycoplasma diseases. in this study, we investigated the effects of m. hyopneumoniae lamp on porcine alveolar macrophage (pam) 3d4/21 cell line. apoptotic features, such as chromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies, were observed in lamp-treated pam 3d4/21 cells. moreover, lamp significantly increased the number o ... | 2013 | 23928261 |
| development of a self-replicating plasmid system for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a prevalent swine respiratory pathogen that is a major cause of economic loss to pig producers. control is achieved by a combination of antimicrobials, vaccination and management practices, but current vaccines offer only partial control and there is a need for improved preventative strategies. a major barrier to advances in understanding the pathogenesis of m. hyopneumoniae and in developing new vaccines is the lack of tools to genetically manipulate the organism. we ... | 2013 | 23895236 |
| association of concurrent porcine circovirus (pcv) 2a and 2b infection with pcv associated disease in vaccinated pigs. | investigations were performed to characterize porcine circovirus (pcv) 2 infection in 10 week old pigs from a case of apparent vaccine failure. thirty serum samples were collected from affected or non-affected pigs and tested for anti-pcv2 antibodies and pcv2 dna. to address potential pcv2 vaccine compliance issues, samples were tested for antibodies against baculovirus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens present in the pcv2 vaccine utilized in this herd. both pcv2a and pcv2b dna were detected ... | 2013 | 23829995 |
| a study to assess the compatibility of simultaneous use of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (eu-type) vaccine and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine under field conditions. | vaccines against m. hyopneumoniae and prrsv are often administered at the same time. the administration of the two vaccines mixed in one syringe (simultaneous use) would save labour and increase animal welfare by reducing the number of injections. the aim of this study was to verify under field conditions, if the simultaneous administration of the two vaccines, would be comparable to the administration of the individual vaccines. 1000 piglets were divided into five groups and were either non vac ... | 2013 | 23758032 |
| individual risk factors for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in suckling pigs at the age of weaning. | in recent years, the occurrence and the relevance of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in suckling pigs has been examined in several studies. whereas most of these studies were focused on sole prevalence estimation within different age groups, follow-up of infected piglets or assessment of pathological findings, none of the studies included a detailed analysis of individual and environmental risk factors. therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of m. hyopneumon ... | 2013 | 23731650 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: from disease to vaccine development. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of swine enzootic pneumonia (ep), a disease that affects swine production worldwide. vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for the control and prevention of the disease. despite efforts to control m. hyopneumoniae infection, significant economic losses in pig production continue to occur. the results of genome-based research have the potential to help understand the biology and pathogenesis of m. hyopneumoniae, and contribute to the dev ... | 2013 | 23680109 |
| putative drug and vaccine target protein identification using comparative genomic analysis of kegg annotated metabolic pathways of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | in the present study, a computational comparative and subtractive genomic/proteomic analysis aimed at the identification of putative therapeutic target and vaccine candidate proteins from kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (kegg) annotated metabolic pathways of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was performed for drug design and vaccine production pipelines against m.hyopneumoniae. the employed comparative genomic and metabolic pathway analysis with a predefined computational systemic workflow extrac ... | 2013 | 23628646 |
| immunological characterization of peripheral blood leukocytes using vaccine for mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (mps) in swine line selected for resistance to mps. | this study was conducted to evaluate immunological changes in peripheral blood leukocytes in pigs that were genetically selected for their improved resistance to mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (mps), using mps vaccine as an antigen. twelve castrated mps-selected landrace pigs were compared with the same number of pigs from a nonselected line by using a time-course analysis at the hematological level. after the second sensitization with mps vaccine, the percentages of b cells, cd4(+) t cells, and ... | 2013 | 23607374 |
| mhj_0125 is an m42 glutamyl aminopeptidase that moonlights as a multifunctional adhesin on the surface of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | bacterial aminopeptidases play important roles in pathogenesis by providing a source of amino acids from exogenous proteins, destroying host immunological effector peptides and executing posttranslational modification of bacterial and host proteins. we show that mhj_0125 from the swine respiratory pathogen mycoplasma hyopneumoniae represents a new member of the m42 class of bacterial aminopeptidases. despite lacking a recognizable signal sequence, mhj_0125 is detectable on the cell surface by fl ... | 2013 | 23594879 |
| herd specific risk factors for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in suckling pigs at the age of weaning. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia mainly occurring in fattening pigs. it is assumed that horizontal transmission of the pathogen during nursery and growing phase starts with few suckling pigs vertically infected by the sow. the aim of the present study was the exploration of the herd prevalence of m. hyopneumoniae infections in suckling pigs followed by an investigation of various herd specific factors for their potential of influencing the occurrence of this ... | 2013 | 23587271 |
| in vitro susceptibility of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae field isolates and occurrence of fluoroquinolone, macrolides and lincomycin resistance. | a total of 159 thai isolates of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolated from pneumonic lungs of pigs during 2006-2011 were investigated for their in vitro susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents. low activity of chlortetracycline was indicated by the mic range from 3.12-100 μg/ml and mic90 of 50 μg/ml. seventy-six isolates showed resistance to enrofloxacin, whereas 2 isolates showed resistance to macrolides and lincomycin. in addition, a point mutation at a2058g was revealed by sequence analysis of ... | 2013 | 23503167 |
| new insights on the biology of swine respiratory tract mycoplasmas from a comparative genome analysis. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, mycoplasma flocculare and mycoplasma hyorhinis live in swine respiratory tracts. m. flocculare, a commensal bacterium, is genetically closely related to m. hyopneumoniae, the causative agent of enzootic porcine pneumonia. m. hyorhinis is also pathogenic, causing polyserositis and arthritis. in this work, we present the genome sequences of m. flocculare and m. hyopneumoniae strain 7422, and we compare these genomes with the genomes of other m. hyoponeumoniae strain and t ... | 2013 | 23497205 |
| plasmin activity in the porcine airways is enhanced during experimental infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is positively correlated with proinflammatory cytokine levels and is ameliorated by vaccination. | in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) infection of swine, the host immune response is considered a major driver of lung pathology; however the underlying inflammatory mechanisms are not well understood. the serine protease plasmin is being increasingly recognised as a significant player in inflammatory processes. here we compare plasmin activity in tracheobronchial lavage fluid (tblf) from pigs experimentally challenged with mhp that were either unvaccinated (n=10), or vaccinated with the commercial ... | 2013 | 23490555 |
| vaccination of piglets up to 1 week of age with a single-dose mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine induces protective immunity within 2 weeks against virulent challenge in the presence of maternally derived antibodies. | enzootic pneumonia, resulting from infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is of considerable economic importance to the pig industry and normally is controlled through active vaccination of piglets. we have demonstrated that administration of an inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine to piglets less than 1 week old is efficacious under field conditions and reduces the level of lung lesions observed in comparison to that in control pigs. here, the results of two separate studies, one in p ... | 2013 | 23486417 |
| use of computed tomography and histopathologic review for lung lesions produced by the interaction between mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and fumonisin mycotoxins in pigs. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae has a primary role in the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc). the objective of this study was to determine whether fumonisin mycotoxins influence the character and/or the severity of pathological processes induced in the lungs of pigs by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. four groups of pigs (n = 7/group) were used, one fed 20 ppm fumonisin b1 (fb1) from 16 days of age (group f), one only infected with m. hyopneumoniae on study day 30 (group m), and a group fed fb1 and in ... | 2013 | 23456966 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in vitro peptidase activities: identification and cleavage of kallikrein-kinin system-like substrates. | bacterial proteases are important for metabolic processes and pathogenesis in host organisms. the bacterial swine pathogen mycoplasma hyopneumoniae has 15 putative protease-encoding genes annotated, but none of them have been functionally characterized. to identify and characterize peptidases that could be relevant for infection of swine hosts, we investigated the peptidase activity present in the pathogenic 7448 strain of m. hyopneumoniae. combinatorial libraries of fluorescence resonance energ ... | 2013 | 23421966 |
| comparative genomic analyses of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae pathogenic 168 strain and its high-passaged attenuated strain. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (ep), a mild, chronic pneumonia of swine. despite presenting with low direct mortality, ep is responsible for major economic losses in the pig industry. to identify the virulence-associated determinants of m. hyopneumoniae, we determined the whole genome sequence of m. hyopneumoniae strain 168 and its attenuated high-passage strain 168-l and carried out comparative genomic analyses. | 2013 | 23384176 |
| local and systemic immune responses in pigs intramuscularly injected with an inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine. | the immune response induced by intramuscular administration of a commercial inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumonie whole-cell vaccine (suvaxyn(®)mh one) was investigated in conventional m. hyopneumoniae-free pigs. the animals were assigned randomly to two groups: non-vaccinated and vaccinated. pigs in the vaccinated group were injected intramuscularly with the vaccine at 7 days of age, whereas non-vaccinated pigs received physiological saline solution (pbs). pigs were euthanized and necropsied at 3 ... | 2013 | 23306368 |
| herd-level risk factors for the seropositivity to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and the occurrence of enzootic pneumonia among fattening pigs in areas of endemic infection and high pig density. | the aim of the present study was to identify potential risk factors for the occurrence of enzootic pneumonia (ep) in herds situated in a region of high pig density, where a majority of herds is endemically infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. between 2006 and 2010, overall 100 herds were enrolled in a case-control study. data were collected through personal interview with the farmers, clinical examination of pigs and their environments, and serological testing for m. hyopneumoniae, swine infl ... | 2014 | 23199301 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid and convenient detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp), a novel method of gene amplification, was employed in this study for detecting mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in the respiratory tract or lungs of swine. the pathogen can be detected in lamp reactions containing as few as 10 fg purified target dna (10 copies of m. hyopneumoniae genome) within 30 min, which was comparable to real-time pcr. after 30-min reaction at 63 °c, the addition of a certain amount of dye (sybr green i and hydroxyl naphthol blue at a ... | 2013 | 23184577 |
| quantitative assessment of bronchiolar smooth muscle in healthy and diseased porcine lungs. | smooth muscle cells are major components of bronchiolar wall. bronchiolar smooth muscle is reported to increase in some veterinary pulmonary disorders, but such assumption is not supported by detailed morphometric analyses. the present investigation aimed at quantitatively evaluating bronchiolar smooth muscle in healthy and diseased pig lungs. our results suggest that bronchiolar smooth muscle cells significantly modify in size and number under different disease conditions, namely parasitic bron ... | 2013 | 23151463 |
| immunisation of mice with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens p37, p42, p46 and p95 delivered as recombinant subunit or dna vaccines. | porcine enzootic pneumonia (pep), which is caused by the fastidious bacterium mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is one of the most economically important diseases in the pig industry worldwide. commercial bacterins provide only partial protection; therefore, the development of more efficient vaccines against pep is necessary. in this study, the cellular and humoral immune responses elicited by dna and recombinant subunit vaccines based on the p37, p42, p46 and p95 antigens of m. hyopneumoniae were evalu ... | 2012 | 23137841 |
| efficacy of in-feed medication with chlortetracycline in a farrow-to-finish herd against a clinical outbreak of respiratory disease in fattening pigs. | the efficacy of chlortetracycline (ctc) in-feed medication to treat pigs with clinical respiratory disease was investigated in a farrow-to-finish pig herd infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and with clinical respiratory disease in growing pigs. in total, 533 pigs were included. the animals were vaccinated against m hyopneumoniae and porcine circovirus type 2 at weaning. at onset of clinical respiratory disease, they were randomly allocated to one of the following treatment groups: chlortetr ... | 2013 | 23136309 |
| vaccination of piglets at 1 week of age with an inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine reduces lung lesions and improves average daily gain in body weight. | the field efficacy and safety of a single-dose inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine, suvaxyn mh-one, was evaluated in 4-5-day-old piglets on a commercial farm with a history of mycoplasma disease in southern germany. the piglets were injected intramuscularly with the vaccine or saline (control group) and raised under commercial conditions to slaughter weight. the efficacy of the vaccine was determined by comparing the lung lesions associated with infection by m. hyopneumoniae in control ... | 2012 | 23084853 |
| comparison of cell-mediated immunity induced by three commercial single-dose mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins in pigs. | this study was to compare the degree of cell-mediated immunity induced by three commercial mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins using interferon-γ (ifn-γ) measurements, lymphocyte stimulation assays and delayed-type hypersensitivity tests. serum ifn-γ levels were significantly elevated in all four vaccinated pig groups at 21 days post-vaccination (p<0.05). lymphocytes isolated 21 days post-vaccination exhibited significantly more proliferation in response to m. hyopneumoniae than lymphocytes isola ... | 2013 | 23059842 |
| evaluation of clinical, histological and immunological changes and qpcr detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in tissues during the early stages of mycoplasmal pneumonia in pigs after experimental challenge with two field isolates. | differences in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain virulence and infection patterns will affect experimental challenge systems used to evaluate vaccine efficacy. two strains (hillcrest and beaufort) were assessed by experimental pig challenge for their ability to induce clinical and pathological lesions and cytokine responses. tracheobronchial lavage fluid (tblf) was collected before and 17-18 days after challenge with hillcrest (n=8), beaufort (n=8) or no organisms (n=3). coughing was assessed twic ... | 2012 | 22863144 |
| effects of diet source and vaccination for porcine circovirustype 2 and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on nursery pig performance. | two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of nursery diet sources, porcine circovirustype 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyo) vaccines, and vaccination timing on pig (sus scrofa) performance. in exp. 1, a total of 400 pigs (5.6 bw, 1.03 kg sd) were used in a 20-d study. treatments were arranged in a 4 × 2 factorial in a blocked design (5 pigs/pen and10 pens/treatment), with main effects of diet manufacturing source (a, b, c, or d) and vaccination timing (d 0 or 8). on eith ... | 2012 | 22665636 |
| detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in nasal swabs sampled from pig farmers. | | 2012 | 22645154 |
| efficacy of florfenicol injection in the treatment of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induced respiratory disease in pigs. | this study investigated the efficacy of a single intramuscular injection of a new formulation of florfenicol to treat clinical respiratory disease following experimental mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection. m. hyopneumoniae-free piglets were allocated to three groups, namely, a treatment group (tg) and a positive control group (pcg), which were both inoculated endotracheally with a highly virulent isolate of m. hyopneumoniae, and a negative control group. at the onset of clinical disease, the tg ... | 2012 | 22609150 |
| simultaneous porcine circovirus type 2 and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae co-inoculation does not potentiate disease in conventional pigs. | the aim of this study was to assess the effect of simultaneous experimental inoculation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2; intranasal delivery) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo; transtracheal delivery) into conventional, seropositive 6-week-old piglets. thirty-six male piglets were assigned randomly to four groups: control (n=6), pcv2 (n=6), mhyo (n=12) and pcv2+mhyo (n=12). blood samples and faecal and nasal swabs were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days post inoculation (dpi). no significant ... | 2012 | 22522076 |
| characterization of cleavage events in the multifunctional cilium adhesin mhp684 (p146) reveals a mechanism by which mycoplasma hyopneumoniae regulates surface topography. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes enormous economic losses to swine production worldwide by colonizing the ciliated epithelium in the porcine respiratory tract, resulting in widespread damage to the mucociliary escalator, prolonged inflammation, reduced weight gain, and secondary infections. protein mhp684 (p146) comprises 1,317 amino acids, and while the n-terminal 400 residues display significant sequence identity to the archetype cilium adhesin p97, the remainder of the molecule is novel and di ... | 2012 | 22493032 |
| vaccination reduces macrophage infiltration in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue in pigs infected with a highly virulent mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia and is responsible for significant economic losses to the pig industry. to better understand the mode of action of a commercial, adjuvanted, inactivated whole cell vaccine and the influence of diversity on the efficacy of vaccination, we investigated samples from vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs experimentally infected with either a low (lv) or a highly virulent (hv) m. hyopneumoniae strain. non-vaccinated and sham-infected ... | 2012 | 22409839 |
| longitudinal assessment of two mycoplasma hyopneumoniae enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in challenged and contact-exposed pigs. | the objective of the current study was to compare the sensitivity of 2 mycoplasma hyopneumoniae enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) in experimentally challenged and contact-exposed pigs in a long-term longitudinal assessment. on day 0 of the assessment, twelve 2-month-old m. hyopneumoniae-negative pigs were inoculated with m. hyopneumoniae strain 232 (group a). twelve negative pigs were placed alongside the inoculated pigs, allowing direct contact exposure (group b). a third group of 12 ... | 2012 | 22379055 |
| value of the clinical examination in diagnosing enzootic pneumonia in fattening pigs. | the diagnosis of enzootic pneumonia at the herd level should be based on a combination of different methods. currently, clinical examination is usually considered to be a low value method, particularly compared to the direct detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in lung lesions by pcr. the present study compared the value of accurate clinical examination (including the quantitation of coughing), pcr on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serological testing of blood samples for the purpose of diag ... | 2012 | 22342214 |
| co-administration of attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168 strain with bacterial dna enhances the local and systemic immune response after intranasal vaccination in pigs. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the primary pathogen of enzootic pneumonia, occurs worldwide and causes major economic losses to the pig industry. m. hyopneumoniae infects pigs at mucosal surfaces of respiratory tract. the aim of the present study was to investigate if the protection rate against m. hyopneumoniae infection following intranasal immunization with attenuated m. hyopneumoniae 168 strain is improved by administration of bacterial dna containing cpg motifs. thirty pigs were immunized intran ... | 2012 | 22266290 |
| clinical evaluation of intradermal vaccination against porcine enzootic pneumonia (mycoplasma hyopneumoniae). | the aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of single-dose intradermal vaccination against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on a commercial swine unit. a total of 1051 healthy suckling piglets of 28±3 days of age were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: (a) intradermal: 346 piglets vaccinated intradermally (porcilis m hyo id once, intervet spah), (b) intramuscular : 351 piglets vaccinated intramuscularly (porcilis m1 intervet spah) and (c) controls: 354 piglets inject ... | 2012 | 22262700 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae surface proteins mhp385 and mhp384 bind host cilia and glycosaminoglycans and are endoproteolytically processed by proteases that recognize different cleavage motifs. | p97 and p102 paralogues occur as endoproteolytic cleavage fragments on the surface of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae that bind glycosaminoglycans, plasminogen, and fibronectin and perform essential roles in colonization of ciliated epithelia. we show that the p102 paralogue mhp384 is efficiently cleaved at an s/t-x-f↓x-d/e-like site, creating p60(384) and p50(384). the p97 paralogue mhp385 is inefficiently cleaved, with tryptic peptides from a 115 kda protein (p115(385)) and 88 kda (p88(385)) and 27 k ... | 2012 | 22229926 |
| diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine: sequential study by direct immunofluorescence. | an improved direct fluorescent antibody test was evaluated for specificity and efficacy in diagnosing mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. a sequential study was carried out in which pigs inoculated with a pneumonic lung suspension containing mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 11 were euthanatized at postinoculation (pi) weeks 2 to 12. fluorescent coating of m hyopneumoniae was detected primarily on bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial surfaces of lungs with gross lesions of pneumonia. fluorescence was ... | 1984 | 24049896 |
| the use of oral fluids to monitor key pathogens in porcine respiratory disease complex. | the usefulness of oral fluid (of) sampling for surveillance of infections in pig populations is already accepted but its value as a tool to support investigations of porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) has been less well studied. this study set out to describe detection patterns of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), swine influenza virus type a (siv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyo) among farms showing differing severity of ... | 2017 | 28405463 |
| etiology of acute respiratory disease in fattening pigs in finland. | the objective of our study was to clinically and etiologically investigate acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in finland. our study also aimed to evaluate the clinical use of various methods in diagnosing respiratory infections under field conditions and to describe the antimicrobial resistance profile of the main bacterial pathogen(s) found during the study. | 2017 | 28852568 |
| comparison of the antimicrobial consumption in weaning pigs in danish sow herds with different vaccine purchase patterns during 2013. | there is growing concern about development of antimicrobial resistance due to use of antimicrobials (ams) in livestock production. identifying efficient alternatives, including vaccination, is a priority. the objective of this study was to compare the herd-level amount of ams prescribed for weaner pigs, between danish sow herds using varying combinations of vaccines against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (myc) and lawsonia intracellularis (law). it was hypothesised th ... | 2016 | 28405449 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma bovis isolated in europe. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs and mycoplasma bovis in cattle are major pathogens affecting livestock across europe and are the focus of the mycopath pan-european antimicrobial susceptibility monitoring programme. fifty m. hyopneumoniae isolates from belgium, spain and the united kingdom (uk), and 156 m. bovis isolates from france, hungary, spain and the uk that met specific criteria were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility in a central laboratory by using a microbroth dilution method. spe ... | 2017 | 28532800 |