| mycobacterium marinum infection complicated by anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy. | mycobacteria other than tuberculosis infections in patients taking various tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha inhibitors have been reported in the literature. we describe sporotrichoid spread of mycobacterium marinum in a man with crohn's disease treated with infliximab. after starting ethambutol and rifampicin and discontinuing infliximab, a worsening appeared. m. marinum infection may have a potential local spread and systemic dissemination in patients treated with tnf-alpha inhibitors. | 2010 | 20133411 |
| nontuberculous mycobacteria: susceptibility pattern and prevalence rate in shanghai from 2005 to 2008. | an increasing incidence of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) is being reported. the purpose of this study was to determine the isolation rates of ntm from various clinical specimens, and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, over a 4-year period in shanghai. | 2010 | 20137367 |
| sporotrichoid mycobacterium marinum infection of the face following a cat scratch. | mycobacterium marinum infections in humans uncommonly affect the face and are not known to be associated with cat scratches. we describe a 24-year-old woman who presented with a 3-month history of multiple tender, occasionally discharging cystic nodules involving the left side of her face in a sporotrichoid distribution. she had suffered a cat scratch to her left lower eyelid 3 weeks before the onset of the eruption and owned multiple tropical fish tanks. she was systemically well and had no lym ... | 2010 | 20148843 |
| [cutaneous and soft skin infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria]. | the frequency of isolation as well as the number of species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) has increased in the last years. nearly every pathogenic species of ntm may cause skin and soft tissue infections, but rapidly growing mycobacteria (mycobacterium fortuitum, mycobacterium chelonae and mycobacterium abscessus), mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium ulcerans are the most commonly involved. many of these cutaneous mycobacteriosis, such as rapidly growing mycobacteria, m. marinum, myc ... | 2010 | 20172423 |
| [infections of the upper airway with mycobacterium marinum]. | | 2010 | 20211092 |
| the lta4h locus modulates susceptibility to mycobacterial infection in zebrafish and humans. | exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis produces varied early outcomes, ranging from resistance to infection to progressive disease. here we report results from a forward genetic screen in zebrafish larvae that identify multiple mutant classes with distinct patterns of innate susceptibility to mycobacterium marinum. a hypersusceptible mutant maps to the lta4h locus encoding leukotriene a(4) hydrolase, which catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of leukotriene b(4) (ltb(4)), a potent chemoattr ... | 2010 | 20211140 |
| direct visualization by cryo-em of the mycobacterial capsular layer: a labile structure containing esx-1-secreted proteins. | the cell envelope of mycobacteria, a group of gram positive bacteria, is composed of a plasma membrane and a gram-negative-like outer membrane containing mycolic acids. in addition, the surface of the mycobacteria is coated with an ill-characterized layer of extractable, non-covalently linked glycans, lipids and proteins, collectively known as the capsule, whose occurrence is a matter of debate. by using plunge freezing cryo-electron microscopy technique, we were able to show that pathogenic myc ... | 2010 | 20221442 |
| do mycobacterium marinum infections occur in india? | | 2010 | 20228557 |
| [insight into tuberculosis pathogenic mechanism from the zebra fish-mycobacterium marinum model--a review]. | tuberculosis remains a major global health threat. nearly one-third of the world population infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis. m. tuberculosis is a typical and most successful intracellular pathogen. the pathogen can evade and manipulate the host immune response. insights into the interplays between the pathogen and the host was pivotal to develop more sophisticated diagnosis methods and control measures to tuberculosis. no single model can address the ... | 2010 | 20344935 |
| chronic ulceration from mycobacterium marinum infection and the diagnostic value of t-cell interferon-gamma release assays. | this case report describes the differential diagnosis of cutaneous ulcerations and the utility of the interferon-gamma release assays as a tool to aid in the diagnosis. these new assays can be used to identify mycobacterial infections (specifically mycobacterium marinum) as the etiologic agents. | 2010 | 20359256 |
| leg ulcer caused by mycobacterium ulcerans ssp. shinshuense infection. | an 81-year-old man presented with a skin ulcer on the left forearm caused by infection with mycobacterium ulcerans ssp. shinshuense. the patient first noticed the subcutaneous nodule with an undermined ulcer and areola on the left forearm without any episode of trauma. | 2009 | 20415674 |
| review article: mycobacterium marinum infection of the hand and wrist. | misdiagnosis and delayed treatment of mycobacterium marinum infection is common because of its diverse manifestations. this leads to inappropriate use of antimicrobials, extension of the infection from the skin to the tenosynovium, and a poor prognosis (loss of tendons and prolonged immobilisation, secondary to multiple debridements and joint contractures). clinicians should be aware of this type of infection, especially in subjects at risk (fishermen and aquarium enthusiasts), and those with a ... | 2010 | 20427845 |
| growth, cell division and sporulation in mycobacteria. | bacteria have the ability to adapt to different growth conditions and to survive in various environments. they have also the capacity to enter into dormant states and some bacteria form spores when exposed to stresses such as starvation and oxygen deprivation. sporulation has been demonstrated in a number of different bacteria but mycobacterium spp. have been considered to be non-sporulating bacteria. we recently provided evidence that mycobacterium marinum and likely also mycobacterium bovis ba ... | 2010 | 20437098 |
| cutaneous non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections: a clinical and histopathological study of 17 cases from lebanon. | only a few studies characterized cutaneous non-tuberculous mycobacterium (ntm) infections in this region of the world. objective the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and histological findings of cutaneous ntm infections in lebanon. | 2011 | 20456544 |
| host-detrimental role of esx-1-mediated inflammasome activation in mycobacterial infection. | the esx-1 (type vii) secretion system is a major virulence determinant of pathogenic mycobacteria, including mycobacterium marinum. however, the molecular events and host-pathogen interactions underlying esx-1-mediated virulence in vivo remain unclear. here we address this problem in a non-lethal mouse model of m. marinum infection that allows detailed quantitative analysis of disease progression. m. marinum established local infection in mouse tails, with esx-1-dependent formation of caseating ... | 2010 | 20463815 |
| fish tank granuloma: misdiagnosed as cutaneous leishmaniasis. | mycobacterium marinum is an atypical mycobacterium that causes a skin infection known as fish tank granuloma or swimming pool granuloma affecting people who are exposed to aquatic environments. in general, it is managed medically with antimicrobials and variable treatment protocols. here, we report a saudi gentleman who acquired this infection in thailand and was misdiagnosed as cutaneous leishmaniasis. after establishing the correct diagnosis, treatment with minocycline and trimethoprim-sulfame ... | 2010 | 20465612 |
| possible role of anti-tnf monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of mycobacterium marinum infection. | | 2010 | 20488924 |
| [mycobacterium marinum infection causing extensive cutaneous ulcerations and deep abscesses on the extremities: a case report]. | | 2010 | 20491287 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection following kayaking injury. | | 2010 | 20541959 |
| environmental amoebae and mycobacterial pathogenesis. | environmental amoebae have been shown to be a host to pathogenic mycobacteria. mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium marinum, and mycobacterium peregrinum can all grow inside acanthamoeba and other environmental amoebae. once ingested by acanthamoeba, m. avium upregulates a number of genes, many of them similar to genes upregulated upon phagocytosis of m. avium by macrophages. mycobacteria ingested by amoebae grow intracellularly, acquiring an invasive phenotype, evident when the bacterium escapes ... | 2009 | 20560060 |
| immunostaining for treponema pallidum: caution in its evaluation. | | 2010 | 20571350 |
| [sporotrichoid topographic distribution and mycobacterium marinum grown on a subdermal contraceptive implant]. | we report a 37-year-old woman who presented a cutaneous papulonodular skin eruption with sporotrichoid topographic distribution. the diagnosis of mycobacterium marinum infection was obtained with the bacteriological examination of a cutaneous biopsy and related to cleaning her aquarium at home. mycobacteriological grown on a subdermal contraceptive implant had not been published before. | 2011 | 20646797 |
| delayed diagnosis of mycobacterium marinum infection: a case report and review of the literature. | mycobacterium marinum infection is the most common atypical skin mycobacterial infection of increasing importance. it results from skin injury and contact with contaminated aquarium water, fish, or shellfish; it is only rarely related to swimming pool sources nowadays. diagnosis should be confirmed by isolation and identification of the organism; however, this gold standard is difficult to achieve in practice. therefore, the diagnosis is primarily based on clinical examination, histopathology, a ... | 2010 | 20664920 |
| interaction of mycobacterium ulcerans with mosquito species: implications for transmission and trophic relationships. | mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of buruli ulcer, a severe necrotizing skin disease that causes significant morbidity in africa and australia. person-to-person transmission of buruli ulcer is rare. throughout africa and australia infection is associated with residence near slow-moving or stagnant water bodies. although m. ulcerans dna has been detected in over 30 taxa of invertebrates, fish, water filtrate, and plant materials and one environmental isolate cultured from a water stri ... | 2010 | 20675453 |
| painful red nodule on the right hand. | | 2010 | 20682513 |
| mycobacterium marinum mmar_2380, a predicted transmembrane acyltransferase, is essential for the presence of the mannose cap on lipoarabinomannan. | lipoarabinomannan (lam) is a major glycolipid in the mycobacterial cell envelope. lam consists of a mannosylphosphatidylinositol (mpi) anchor, a mannan core and a branched arabinan domain. the termini of the arabinan branches can become substituted with one to three α(1→2)-linked mannosyl residues, the mannose cap, producing manlam. manlam has been associated with a range of different immunomodulatory properties of mycobacterium tuberculosis during infection of the host. in some of these effects ... | 2010 | 20688818 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection in a hybrid striped bass farm in italy. | | 2010 | 20690961 |
| noodling and mycobacterium marinum infection mimicking seronegative rheumatoid arthritis complicated by anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapy. | | 2011 | 20806275 |
| upper extremity mycobacterium marinum infection. | mycobacterium marinum is the cause of opportunistic infections in man. although its clinical presentation is usually cutaneous, osteoarticular infections are not rare and should be rapidly diagnosed. orthopaedic surgeons may have to manage a patient with this mycobacterial infection and should be able to make this diagnosis based on information about the patient's history and clinical criteria. lesions develop from a skin wound, with a single nodule or a bright purplish-red patch with papules; t ... | 2010 | 20813602 |
| deep sequencing of the innate immune transcriptomic response of zebrafish embryos to salmonella infection. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) bacteria cause an inflammatory and lethal infection in zebrafish embryos. to characterize the embryonic innate host response at the transcriptome level, we have extended and validated previous microarray data by illumina next-generation sequencing analysis. we obtained 10 million sequence reads from control and salmonella-infected zebrafish embryos using a tag-based sequencing method (dge or tag-seq) and 15 million reads using whole transc ... | 2010 | 20816807 |
| mycobacterium shinjukuense sp. nov.; a slowly growing, nonchromogenic species isolated from human clinical specimens. | seven isolates of a slowly growing, nonchromogenic mycobacterium species were isolated from sputum and bronchial lavage fluid samples from elderly patients in different regions of japan. colony morphology, combined with positive results in the tests for tween hydrolysis, catalase at 68°c, semiquantitative catalase, nitrate reductase, and pyrazinamidase, and negative results in the tests for urease, and arylsulfatase distinguished these isolates from related nontuberculous species. the mycolic ac ... | 2010 | 20833878 |
| evaluation of the speed-oligo® mycobacteria assay for identification of mycobacterium spp. from fresh liquid and solid cultures of human clinical samples. | we evaluated the ability of a novel dna strip assay (speed-oligo® mycobacteria) to differentiate mycobacterial species. it is based on polymerase chain reaction targeting 16s rrna and 16s-23s rrna regions and double-reverse hybridization on a dipstick using probes bound to colloidal gold and to the membrane. we blindly tested its capacity to identify 182 acid-fast bacilli grown on fresh liquid (bact/alert, mgit) and solid (lowenstein-jensen) cultures (from spanish mycobacteriology laboratories), ... | 2010 | 20846584 |
| nodular lymphangitis: report of a case with presentation of a diagnostic paradigm. | a 54-year-old man with asthma, mitral valve prolapse, and a back injury developed erythematous nodules that progressed along the lymphatic drainage of his right arm. skin biopsy revealed granulomatous inflammation with microabscess formation. culture confirmed mycobacterium marinum infection. the patient was treated with clarithromycin, ethambutol, rifampin, and topical silver sulfadiazine. oral doxycycline hyclate was later added because of slow healing. mycobacterium marinum is one of a group ... | 2010 | 20875322 |
| mycobacterium marinum skin infection with tenosynovitis successfully treated with doxycycline. | skin infection with mycobacterium marinum can rarely spread to deeper structures, making it more difficult to treat. we report a case of a m. marinum skin infection and hand tenosynovitis that showed a good response to monotherapy with doxycycline in spite of severe hand movement impairment. | 2010 | 20875328 |
| cd36 deficiency attenuates experimental mycobacterial infection. | members of the cd36 scavenger receptor family have been implicated as sensors of microbial products that mediate phagocytosis and inflammation in response to a broad range of pathogens. we investigated the role of cd36 in host response to mycobacterial infection. | 2010 | 20950462 |
| structural analysis of an unusual bioactive n-acylated lipo-oligosaccharide los-iv in mycobacterium marinum. | although lipo-oligosaccharides (loss) are recognized as major parietal components in many mycobacterial species, their involvement in the host-pathogen interactions have been scarcely documented. in particular, the biological implications arising from the high degree of structural species-specificity of these glycolipids remain largely unknown. growing recognition of the mycobacterium marinum-danio rerio as a specific host-pathogen model devoted to the study of the physiopathology of mycobacteri ... | 2010 | 20964371 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of mycobacterium isolates from fighting fish betta spp. in malaysia. | mycobacteriosis due to mycobacteria is one of the most common bacterial diseases in ornamental fish. we describe here the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of mycobacterium isolates from fighting fish betta spp. using atcc mycobacterium marinum, mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium chelonae as references. a total of four isolates (m1, m2, m3, m4) were obtained from four out of 106 fish samples using selective agar, and identified to mycobacterium genus using acid-fast staining and 16 ... | 2010 | 20971487 |
| mmar_2770, a new enzyme involved in biotin biosynthesis, is essential for the growth of mycobacterium marinum in macrophages and zebrafish. | biotin, which functions as an essential cofactor for certain carboxylases and decarboxylases, is synthesized by a multistep pathway in microorganisms and plants. biotin biosynthesis has not been studied in detail in mycobacteria. in this study, we isolated a mutant of mycobacterium marinum in which mmar_2770, a previously uncharacterized gene encoding a predicted short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, was inactivated. we found that this mutant is a biotin auxotroph that cannot grow in a minimal me ... | 2010 | 20974274 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection in the setting of antitumor necrosis factor alpha therapy for crohn's disease. | | 2010 | 20976719 |
| the mycobrowser portal: a comprehensive and manually annotated resource for mycobacterial genomes. | in this paper, we present the mycobrowser portal (http://mycobrowser.epfl.ch/), a resource that provides both in silico generated and manually reviewed information within databases dedicated to the complete genomes of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium smegmatis. a central component of mycobrowser is tuberculist (http://tuberculist.epfl.ch), which has recently benefited from a new data management system and web interface. these improvements ... | 2010 | 20980200 |
| non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections of the skin: a retrospective study of 29 cases. | the incidence of infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria has increased in recent years, due to a rise in dermatological procedures and a greater prevalence of immunosuppression in the general population. this study investigated the clinical and microbiological findings of non-tuberculous mycobacterial skin infections. the study population included 29 patients from whom non-tuberculous mycobacteria were cultured after isolation from skin biopsy materials, cutaneous abscesses or exudates ... | 2010 | 21039785 |
| role of magnesium and a phagosomal p-type atpase in intracellular bacterial killing. | bacterial ingestion and killing by phagocytic cells are essential processes to protect the human body from infectious microorganisms. however, only few proteins implicated in intracellular bacterial killing have been identified to date. we used dictyostelium discoideum, a phagocytic bacterial predator, to study intracellular killing. in a random genetic screen we identified kil2, a type v p-atpase as an essential element for efficient intracellular killing of klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. inte ... | 2010 | 21040356 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection of the deep structures of the hand and wrist: 25 years of experience. | mycobacterium marinum infection could have various presentations, from superficial skin infection to deep structure destruction. the prognosis is relatively poor when deep structure is involved as it is more destructive. the prognosis is even worse when operation is required. in the retrospective study of 136 patients who suffered this disease with deep structure involvement, their clinical presentations could be classified into benign and aggressive type. it was found that both types of present ... | 2010 | 21089196 |
| regulation of the 18 kda heat shock protein in mycobacterium ulcerans: an alpha-crystallin orthologue that promotes biofilm formation. | mycobacterium ulcerans is the causative agent of the debilitating skin disease buruli ulcer, which is most prevalent in western and central africa. m. ulcerans shares >98% dna sequence identity with mycobacterium marinum, however, m. marinum produces granulomatous, but not ulcerative, lesions in humans and animals. here we report the differential expression of a small heat shock protein (hsp18) between strains of m. ulcerans (hsp18(+) ) and m. marinum (hsp18(-) ) and describe the molecular basis ... | 2010 | 21091506 |
| morphology and distribution of granulomatous inflammation in freshwater ornamental fish infected with mycobacteria. | mycobacteriosis in fish is a chronic progressive ubiquitous disease caused by mycobacterium marinum, m. gordonae and m. fortuitum in most cases. the aim of this study was to describe the morphology and distribution of lesions in 322 freshwater ornamental fish across 36 species. granulomatous inflammation was diagnosed by gross examination and histopathology testing in 188 fish (58.4%); acid-fast rods (afr) were determined in only 96 (51.1%) fish from 19 species after ziehl-neelsen staining. the ... | 2010 | 21091722 |
| outbreak of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in the central pacific. | approximately 10% of the island population of satowan (population, 650 persons), a small, remote coral island in the central pacific, suffers from an acquired, chronic, disfiguring skin condition known locally as "spam." this skin disease has affected the island population since shortly after world war ii. an investigation in 2007 revealed that this skin disease is caused by a nontuberculous mycobacterial infection closely related to mycobacterium marinum. this article reviews the fascinating hi ... | 2011 | 21095522 |
| association analysis of the lta4h gene polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis in 9115 subjects. | immunoregulatory eicosanoids have been implicated in protection from mycobacterial infection in cell and animal models. recently, a study of the zebrafish embryo demonstrated that mutants of the lta4h gene, which encodes the leukotriene a4 hydrolase (lta4h) enzyme of the eicosanoid pathway, have hypersusceptibility to mycobacterium marinum infection. it also reported that heterozygosity at the two single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1978331 and rs2660898 located in introns of the lta4h gene, a hum ... | 2010 | 21112816 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection after infliximab therapy. | a case of mycobacterium marinum infection of the nasal cavity is described. a 57 years old man was being on infliximab for 2 years for severe psoriasis presented with five months history of epistaxis, nasal blockage and snoring. local examination revealed bilateral nasal mass. the diagnosis of mycobacterial infection was suspected based upon the histopathological finding of granuloma in the biopsy specimen, and later confirmed by mycobacterial culture. the patient was treated with 3 months thera ... | 2010 | 21131707 |
| re: alkhodair r, al-khenaizan s. fish tank granuloma: misdiagnosed as cutaneous leishmaniasis. int j dermatol 2010, 49: 53-55. | | 2011 | 21182513 |
| esat-6 secretion-independent impact of esx-1 genes espf and espg1 on virulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the pathogenesis of mycobacterium tuberculosis largely depends on the secretion of the 6-kd early secreted antigenic target esat-6 (esxa) and the 10-kd culture filtrate protein cfp-10 (esxb) via the esx-1/typevii secretion system. although gene products from the core rd1 region have been shown to be deeply implicated in this process, less is known about proteins encoded further upstream in the 5' region of the esx-1 cluster, such as the esx-1 secretion-associated proteins (esps) espf or espg(1). | 2010 | 21196469 |
| zebrafishing for tuberculosis infection. | | 2010 | 21203941 |
| probing the architecture of the mycobacterium marinum arylamine n-acetyltransferase active site. | treatment of latent tuberculosis infection remains an important goal of global tb eradication. to this end, targets that are essential for intracellular survival of mycobacterium tuberculosis are particularly attractive. arylamine n-acetyltransferase (nat) represents such a target as it is, along with the enzymes encoded by the associated gene cluster, essential for mycobacterial survival inside macrophages and involved in cholesterol degradation. cholesterol is likely to be the fuel for m. tube ... | 2010 | 21203950 |
| [histopathological study of mycobacterium marinum infection]. | skin infection by mycobacterium marinum induces the classic granuloma of aquariums and swimming pools. the histopathological signs have been described primarily in small series of typical cases, generally with no bacteriological evidence. in a national survey of proven infection with m. marinum detailed data was collected for 63 patients. the aim of this new study was to describe microscopic signs of the infection based upon biopsies taken from these patients. | 2010 | 21276456 |
| discovery of zebrafish (danio rerio) interleukin-23 alpha (il-23a) chain, a subunit important for the formation of il-23, a cytokine involved in the development of th17 cells and inflammation. | this paper reports the cloning and sequencing of interleukin (il)-23 p19 subunit for the first time within a non-mammalian species, the zebrafish (danio rerio), which was discovered using a synteny approach. in addition, amino acid sequences were for il-23 p19 subunits were also predicted from the stickleback, fugu and tetraodon genomes and included in this investigation. the zebrafish il-23 p19 cdna consisted of a 66bp 5' utr, a 249bp 3' utr and a single open reading frame of 567bp giving a pre ... | 2011 | 21324528 |
| a promoter probe plasmid based on green fluorescent protein : a strategy for studying meningococcal gene expression. | many bacterial genes are regulated in an environment-responsive fashion, and from the perspective of a pathogen, the host represents just another environment. many genes that contribute to virulence are differentially expressed in response to host environments that they encounter during colonization and invasion (1). recognition of this has led to the development of selection or reporter systems that utilize the increased activity of promoters during growth in vivo to identify genes that are sel ... | 2001 | 21337172 |
| evaluation of a rapid differentiation test for mycobacterium tuberculosis from other mycobacteria by selective inhibition with p-nitrobenzoic acid using mgit 960. | tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb) as well as non-tubercular mycobacterium (ntm) with similar clinical presentation. infections due to ntm are reported to have increased in the past few years. growth of m.tb is inhibited by p-nitrobenzoic acid (pnb), whereas, ntm are resistant. one hundred and nine isolates from various clinical samples were identified up to species level by their growth rate, pigmentation, and a battery of biochemical tests, including niacin accumulatio ... | 2010 | 21346904 |
| multistressor interactions in the zebrafish (danio rerio): concurrent phenanthrene exposure and mycobacterium marinum infection. | the simultaneous exposure of organisms to toxicants and disease causing agents poses a serious risk to important stocks. worldwide, aquatic animal disease outbreaks have been increasing in both frequency and severity, and many have been associated with anthropogenic environmental change. little is known about the complex interactions of the immune system and biotransformational pathways of vertebrates; however, urbanization and coastal development create a scenario in which a wide range of speci ... | 2011 | 21356180 |
| truncated rv2820c enhances mycobacterial virulence ex vivo and in vivo. | three hypervirulent strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients suffering from tuberculous meningitis were shown to grow more rapidly inside human macrophages in our previous study. in the current investigation, genomic polymorphisms in these hypervirulent strains were examined using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. among the five genomic polymorphisms identified, two are in-frame deletion (rv0071/4 and rv0613c/6c), two are frameshift deletion (rv1758' and rv2 ... | 2011 | 21362467 |
| host-pathogen interactions made transparent with the zebrafish model. | the zebrafish holds much promise as a high-throughput drug screening model for immune-related diseases, including inflammatory and infectious diseases and cancer. this is due to the excellent possibilities for in vivo imaging in combination with advanced tools for genomic and large scale mutant analysis. the context of the embryo's developing immune system makes it possible to study the contribution of different immune cell types to disease progression. furthermore, due to the temporal separatio ... | 2011 | 21366518 |
| zebrafish embryo screen for mycobacterial genes involved in the initiation of granuloma formation reveals a newly identified esx-1 component. | the hallmark of tuberculosis (tb) is the formation of granulomas, which are clusters of infected macrophages surrounded by additional macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes. although it has long been thought that granulomas are beneficial for the host, there is evidence that mycobacteria also promote the formation of these structures. in this study, we aimed to identify new mycobacterial factors involved in the initial stages of granuloma formation. we exploited the zebrafish embryo mycobacter ... | 2011 | 21372049 |
| a mycobacterium marinum tesa mutant defective for major cell wall-associated lipids is highly attenuated in dictyostelium discoideum and zebrafish embryos. | infection of the zebrafish with mycobacterium marinum is regarded as a well-established experimental model to study the pathogenicity of mycobacterium tuberculosis. herein, a m. marinum transposon mutant library was screened for attenuated m. marinum phenotypes using a dictyostelium discoideum assay. in one attenuated mutant, the transposon was located within tesa, encoding a putative type ii thioesterase. thin-layer chromatography analyses indicated that the tesa::tn mutant failed to produce tw ... | 2011 | 21375593 |
| drug tolerance in replicating mycobacteria mediated by a macrophage-induced efflux mechanism. | treatment of tuberculosis, a complex granulomatous disease, requires long-term multidrug therapy to overcome tolerance, an epigenetic drug resistance that is widely attributed to nonreplicating bacterial subpopulations. here, we deploy mycobacterium marinum-infected zebrafish larvae for in vivo characterization of antitubercular drug activity and tolerance. we describe the existence of multidrug-tolerant organisms that arise within days of infection, are enriched in the replicating intracellular ... | 2011 | 21376383 |
| identification of a glycosyltransferase from mycobacterium marinum involved in addition of a caryophyllose moiety in lipooligosaccharides. | deletion of mycobacterium marinum mmar2333 resulted in the loss of three of four subclasses of lipooligosaccharides (loss). the mutant was unable to extend an intermediate (los-ii*) by addition of caryophyllose. these data and the predicted domain structure suggest that mmar2333 is a glycosyltransferase involved in the generation of a lipid-linked caryophyllose donor. | 2011 | 21378187 |
| chemistry of mycolactones, the causative toxins of buruli ulcer. | buruli ulcer is a severe and devastating skin disease caused by mycobacterium ulcerans infection, yet it is one of the most neglected diseases. the causative toxin, referred to as mycolactone a/b, was isolated and characterized as a polyketide-derived macrolide in 1999. the current status of the mycolactone chemistry is described, highlighting the stereochemistry assignment of mycolactone a/b; total synthesis; the structure determination of mycolactone congeners from the human pathogen m. ulcera ... | 2011 | 21383136 |
| a high-throughput screen for tuberculosis progression. | one-third of the world population is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis and multi-drug resistant strains are rapidly evolving. the noticeable absence of a whole organism high-throughput screening system for studying the progression of tuberculosis is fast becoming the bottleneck in tuberculosis research. we successfully developed such a system using the zebrafish mycobacterium marinum infection model, which is a well-characterized model for tuberculosis progression with biomedical signific ... | 2011 | 21390204 |
| association of mycobacteria in recirculating aquaculture systems and mycobacterial disease in fish. | mycobacterium marinum isolates cultivated from tissue containing granulomatous lesions in florida pompano trachinotus carolinus and from biofilm samples collected from their tank and water recirculating system had identical (l1 of 11 bands) repetitive-sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr) dna fingerprints. a second m. marinum clone sharing 4 of 11 rep-pcr bands with the first clone was isolated from some fish tissues but not from system samples. water samples yielded low numbers of ... | 2010 | 21413504 |
| [infections due to mycobacterium marinum: a review]. | mycobacterium marinum belongs to the non-tuberculous or "atypical" mycobacteria. the reservoirs for these ubiquitous and slowly growing bacteria are both fresh water and salt water. in particular, aquaria should be considered as important source of hobby-related infections especially of fingers, hands and forearms. affected are both immunosuppressed patients and persons with an intact immune system. distinctive are erythematous plaques and nodules with tendency for hyperkeratosis, crusting, and ... | 2011 | 21424893 |
| case of mycobacterium marinum infection with unusual patterns of susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics. | mycobacterium marinum, found commonly in salt water and freshwater, is the causative agent of disease in many species of fish and occasionally in humans. mics to most antimicrobial agents are relatively low. susceptibility testing is not routinely performed, and single-drug therapy is used for the treatment of most infections. here, we report an infection caused by a drug-resistant m. marinum strain in an otherwise healthy patient. | 2011 | 21430095 |
| mycobacterium marinum induces a marked lc3 recruitment to its containing phagosome that depends on a functional esx-1 secretion system. | autophagy has been implicated as part of the innate immune system against different intracellular microorganisms. mycobacterium marinum is the causative agent of the fish-tank granuloma and has been widely used as an alternative model to study pathogenic mycobacteria. in this report, we show an active interaction of m. marinum with the autophagic protein lc3, an event that requires pathogen viability and bacterial protein synthesis. interestingly, m. marinum lacking the region of difference 1 (r ... | 2011 | 21447143 |
| conserved pro-glu (pe) and pro-pro-glu (ppe) protein domains target lipy lipases of pathogenic mycobacteria to the cell surface via the esx-5 pathway. | the type vii secretion system esx-5 is a major pathway for export of pe and ppe proteins in pathogenic mycobacteria. these mycobacteria-specific protein families are characterized by conserved n-terminal domains of 100 and 180 amino acids, which contain the proline-glutamic acid (pe) and proline-proline-glutamic acid (ppe) motifs after which they are named. here we investigated secretion of the triacylglycerol lipase lipy, which in fast-growing mycobacteria contains a signal sequence, but in slo ... | 2011 | 21471225 |
| diagnostic value of an enzyme-linked immunospot assay for interferon-γ in cutaneous tuberculosis. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an enzyme-linked immunospot (elispot) assay (t-spot.tb; oxford immunotec, oxford, uk) for interferon-γ in patients with suspected cutaneous tuberculosis (tb). from march 2007 to june 2010, a total of 45 patients with suspected cutaneous tb were enrolled. data on clinical characteristics of the patients and conventional laboratory results were collected, and blood samples were obtained for elispot assay. ten subjects (22.2%) had ... | 2011 | 21513844 |
| analysis of the antimicrobial responses of primary phagocytes of the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) against mycobacterium marinum. | the slow growth rate of mycobacterium spp. that infect humans coupled with a lack of reliable in vitro infection model systems has hindered the progress of research in host cell-mycobacteria interactions. recent studies have utilized the relatively fast growing mycobacterium marinum to examine the host-pathogen interface in natural fish hosts. here we describe the use of primary goldfish monocyte and mature macrophage cultures to investigate the immune cell-m. marinum interactions. live and heat ... | 2011 | 21530582 |
| secb-like chaperone controls a toxin-antitoxin stress-responsive system in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a major step in the biogenesis of newly synthesized precursor proteins in bacteria is their targeting to the sec translocon at the inner membrane. in gram-negative bacteria, the chaperone secb binds nonnative forms of precursors and specifically transfers them to the seca motor component of the translocase, thus facilitating their export. the major human pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis is an unusual gram-positive bacterium with a well-defined outer membrane and outer membrane proteins. assis ... | 2011 | 21536872 |
| evaluation of bact/alert(r) 3d automated unit for detection of nontuberculous mycobacteria requiring incubation at 30{degrees}c for optimal growth. | the reliability of the bact/alert®3d unit for automated detection of nontuberculous mycobacterium (ntm) that grow optimally at 30°c was assessed. this system reliably maintained 30°c, and detected 50% of the clinical ntm strains (5 m. marinum and 3 m. gordonae strains) faster compared to 37°c culture. | 2011 | 21543566 |
| discriminatory potential of a novel set of variable number of tandem repeats for genotyping mycobacterium marinum. | mycobacterium marinum is a free-living bacterium that infects fish and amphibians, but is also an opportunistic pathogen in humans. although in previous studies, the bacterium has shown a small number of variable number of tandem repeat (vntr) polymorphic loci, the discriminatory power of the known vntr loci is unlikely to be sufficient to distinguish such a globally ubiquitous waterborne microorganism, which has a presumably high genetic variance. the object of this study was to test m. marinum ... | 2011 | 21550732 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection in the setting of antitumor necrosis factor alpha therapy for crohn's disease. | | 2011 | 21560204 |
| [skin infection due to mycobacterium marinum in a patient being treated with natalizumab.] | | 2011 | 21563122 |
| characteristics of skin and soft tissue infection caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria in taiwan. | a medical centre in taipei, taiwan. | 2011 | 21575304 |
| inactivation of tesa reduces cell-wall lipid production and increases drug susceptibility in mycobacteria. | phthiocerol dimycocerosates (pdims) and phenolic glycolipids (pgls) are structurally-related lipids noncovalently bound to the outer cell wall layer of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium leprae and several opportunistic mycobacterial human pathogens. pdims and pgls are important effectors of virulence. elucidation of the biosynthesis of these complex lipids will not only expand our understanding of mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis, but it may also illuminate potential routes to novel ... | 2011 | 21592957 |
| soft tissue infections with atypical mycobacteria in two patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases using tnf-inhibitors and/or leflunomide. | infections of the soft tissues due to atypical mycobacteria are relatively uncommon. we describe two cases. a 61-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) who was treated with the combination of the tnf inhibitor etanercept (enbrel) and leflunomide (arava), developed paronychia and cellulitis of the index finger due to mycobacterium chelonae/abscessus complex. the patient was successfully treated with clarithromycin and surgical debridement. a second case describes a 50-year-old man with ank ... | 2011 | 21630616 |
| short-term infection of striped bass morone saxatilis with mycobacterium marinum. | striped bass morone saxatilis were studied in order to characterize their immune responses over the short term following challenge with mycobacterium marinum. the expression of immunity-related genes (il-1beta, tnf-alpha, nramp and tgf-beta) quickly increased following infection with m. marinum, but these genes were subsequently down-regulated despite the fact that bacterial counts remained high. the number of monocytes and neutrophils also initially increased at 1 d postinfection. this confirms ... | 2011 | 21648240 |
| expression of common fluorescent reporters may modulate virulence for mycobacterium marinum: dramatic attenuation results from gfp over-expression. | mycobacterium marinum is an established surrogate pathogen for mycobacterium tuberculosis because of its strong conservation of thousands of orthologous genes, lower risk to researchers and similar pathology in fish. this pathogen causes tb-like chronic disease in a wide variety of fish species. as in human tb, the microbe grows within the host macrophages, can mount life-long chronic infections and produces granulomatous lesions in target organs. one of the fish species known to manifest chroni ... | 2011 | 21658470 |
| nasal fish tank granuloma: an uncommon cause for epistaxis. | | 2011 | 21813833 |
| the fatty acyl chains of mycobacterium marinum lipooligosaccharides:structure, localization and acylation by papa4 (mmar_2343). | we have recently established the fine structure of the glycan backbone of lipooligosaccharides (los-i to los-iv) isolated from mycobacterium marinum, a close relative of mycobacterium tuberculosis. these studies culminated with the description of an unusual terminal n-acylated monosaccharide that confers important biological functions to los-iv, such as macrophage activation that may be relevant to granuloma formation. it was, however, also suggested that the lipid moiety was required for loss t ... | 2011 | 21803773 |
| refractory hand ulceration: a case of chronic ulceration and sporotrichoid spread in a fish tank hobbyist following mycobacterium marinum infection. | we report the case of a 35-year-old man with a chronic ulceration of the hand in whom an infection with mycobacterium marinum was diagnosed. clarithromycin and doxycycline were prescribed, resulting in a slow resolution of the ulceration. m. marinum is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that causes skin lesions such as nodules, ulcerations, and sporotrichoid spread, but may also be responsible for osteoarticular lesions. in this case report, we discuss the clinical characteristics of this condition, ... | 2011 | 21792350 |
| soft tissue infections caused by marine bacterial pathogens: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. | skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) are one of the most common infection syndromes and may be caused by a large number of microorganisms. some principles of aquatic injuries are different than those of land-based trauma. wounds sustained in marine environment are exposed to a milieu of bacteria rarely encountered in different settings. these include vibrio spp., aeromonas spp., shewanella spp., erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, mycobacterium marinum, streptococcus iniae, and other microbes. fail ... | 2011 | 21785929 |
| [a man with skin lesions on the back of his hand]. | a 70-year-old man came to the clinic with skin lesions after he cut himself with an orchid leaf. physical examination showed some crusts at the cut and erythematous soft nodules on the back of his hand. it appeared the man also had an aquarium. the skin lesions were caused by mycobacterium marinum. | 2011 | 21771356 |
| gntr family regulators of the pathogen of fish tuberculosis mycobacterium marinum. | mycobacterium marinum is a slow-growing pathogenic mycobacterium. it was first isolated by aronson in 1926 from fish, fish mycobacteriosis or called fish tuberculosis is the common causative agent of bacterial disease in many species of freshwater and marine fish. m. marinum can infect wild fish, aquaculture and ornamental fish, and it has a close relative of the causative agent of human tuberculosis, mycobacterium tuberculosis. the recently sequenced genome of m. marinum has been shown to conta ... | 2011 | 21703231 |
| regioselective ¤ë-hydroxylation of medium-chain n-alkanes and primary alcohols by cyp153 enzymes from mycobacterium marinum and polaromonas sp. strain js666. | the oxofunctionalization of saturated hydrocarbons is an important goal in basic and applied chemistry. biocatalysts like cytochrome p450 enzymes can introduce oxygen into a wide variety of molecules in a very selective manner, which can be used for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals. cytochrome p450 enzymes from the cyp153a subfamily have been described as alkane hydroxylases with high terminal regioselectivity. here we report the product yields resulting from c(5)-c(12) alkane and alcoho ... | 2011 | 21837346 |
| rapid screening of innate immune gene expression in zebrafish using reverse transcription - multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. | | 2011 | 21676242 |
| mycobacterium marinum epididymoorchitis: case report and literature review. | mycobacterium marinum is the most frequent non-tuberculous mycobacterium in humans. we report the first ever described case of epididymoorchitis resulting from hematogenous spread of m. marinum from hand oligoarthritis. this was initially mistaken for rheumatoid disease and methylprednisolone-induced immunosuppression led to hematogenous spread of infection to the testis and epididymis. | 2011 | 21734351 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection. | | 2009 | 21691387 |
| nineteen cases of buruli ulcer diagnosed in japan from 1980 to 2010. | the etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of 19 sporadic cases of buruli ulcer (bu) in japan are described. the cases originated in different regions of honshu island, with no evidence of patient contact with an aquatic environment. the majority (73.7%) of cases occurred in females, with an average age of 39.1 years for females and 56.8 years for males. all patients developed ulcers on exposed areas of the skin (e.g., face, extremities). most ulcers were <5 cm in diameter (category i) ... | 2011 | 21880966 |
| mycobacterium marinum infections in humans and tracing of its possible environmental sources. | the low frequency of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, nonspecific symptoms for individual mycobacteria, and the lack of specific identification methods could alter correct diagnosis. this study presents a combined microbiology and molecular-based approach for mycobacterium marinum detection in four aquarists with cutaneous mycobacterial infection. simultaneously, ecology screening for m. marinum presence in the aquarists' fish tanks was performed. a total of 38 mycobacterial isolates o ... | 2011 | 22182182 |
| Mycobacterial secretion systems ESX-1 and ESX-5 play distinct roles in host cell death and inflammasome activation. | During infection of humans and animals, pathogenic mycobacteria manipulate the host cell causing severe diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy. To understand the basis of mycobacterial pathogenicity, it is crucial to identify the molecular virulence mechanisms. In this study, we address the contribution of ESX-1 and ESX-5--two homologous type VII secretion systems of mycobacteria that secrete distinct sets of immune modulators--during the macrophage infection cycle. Using wild-type, ESX-1- an ... | 2011 | 21957139 |
| outbreak of a cutaneous mycobacterium marinum infection in jiangsu haian, china. | mycobacterium marinum is a slow-growing mycobacterium. in november 2008, we diagnosed a patient with m. marinum infection who worked at a fish farm in jiangsu haian, china. we conducted an investigation and found 18 patients with the same infection. in suspected cases, complete data were collected including medical history, clinical manifestations, laboratory features, and responses to treatment. therapeutic regimens, including clarithromycin monotherapy or combined treatment with clarithromycin ... | 2011 | 21996361 |
| functional dissection of the pe domain responsible for translocation of pe_pgrs33 across the mycobacterial cell wall. | pe are peculiar exported mycobacterial proteins over-represented in pathogenic mycobacterial species. they are characterized by an n-terminal domain of about 110 amino acids (pe domain) which has been demonstrated to be responsible for their export and localization. in this paper, we characterize the pe domain of pe_pgrs33 (pe(rv1818c)), one of the best characterized pe proteins. we constructed several mutated proteins in which portions of the pe domain were deleted or subjected to defined mutat ... | 2011 | 22110736 |
| first report of disseminated mycobacterium skin infections in two liver transplant recipients and rapid diagnosis by hsp65 gene sequencing. | we present here the first report of disseminated skin mycobacterium infections in two liver transplant recipients, in which hsp65 gene sequencing was used for rapid species identification. both patients had hepatitis b virus-related cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus and presented with progressive generalized, nodular skin lesions. in one patient, a 50-year-old woman who had frequent contact with marine fish, an acid-fast bacillus was isolated from skin biopsy tissue after 2 months of culture. whil ... | 2011 | 21880973 |
| potential of mycobacterium vanbaalenii as a model organism to study drug transporters of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium ulcerans: homology analysis of m. tuberculosis drug transporters among mycobacterial species. | drug efflux pumps have been one of the important mechanisms of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. there is a prerequisite to study the behavior and mechanisms of these drug efflux pumps in detail for being considered in future anti-tb drug designing. the need of a rapid grower non-pathogenic mycobacterium with significant genomic homology for such type of studies is often being felt. during microarray and real-time pcr analysis of drug efflux pump genes of m. tuberculosis, we found 1 ... | 2011 | 22127144 |
| mycobacterium marinum infection. | | 2011 | 22125046 |