| further studies on the lethal effect of long-chain fatty acids on mycobacteria. | mycobactericidal activity of long-chain fatty acids was confirmed by in vitro exposure of bcg. the killing effect was accompanied by inhibition of the membrane-bound acid phosphatase activity. such active fatty acids were those having a stronger hemolytic activity (e.g., c12:0, c14:0, c18:1, c18:2). heat-killed bcg cells or their cell walls adsorbed the toxic fatty acids, whereas the fatty acid-insensitive e. coli cells did not. it was suggested that the mycobactericidal action of long-chain fat ... | 1976 | 785063 |
| the use of oral bcg in the treatment or metastatic malignant melanoma. | this study assess the effects of oral bcg, as a single agent, on tumor progression and on cell-mediated immune function in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. thirty patients were studied including 22 with measurable metastatic lesions and 8 with no detectable disease, following treatment of metastases by surgery, radiotherapy, or 5-(3, 3-dimethyl-1 -triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (dtic; dic). oral bcg was given in doses of 120--240 mg, 1--3 times per week for periods ranging from 9 ... | 1976 | 785199 |
| introduction of "natural" killer' cells by bcg. | | 1976 | 785281 |
| a mechanism of migration inhibition involving components of the coagulation system. | lymph from pigs given bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) and stimulated in the drainage area of a cannulated lymph node with tuberculin (ppd) had potent in vitro macrophage migration inhibitory activity. a similar observation has previously been made in sheep by other workers. in the sheep, part of, and in the pig, almost all of, this inhibitory activity was produced, not by a factor resembling the so-called 'migration inhibitory factor', but by a mechanism involving a protease and fibrinogen. it is ... | 1976 | 785591 |
| chemical and biological properties of hot water extract from delipidated cells of mycobacterium bovis strain bcg. | a water-soluble fraction was isolated from delipidated cells of mycobacterium bovis strain bcg by extraction with hot water. chemical analyses revealed that the above fraction presumably consisted of a peptidoglycan containing 5-10% of nucleic acids. when it was injected into guinea pigs with freund's incomplete adjuvant plus egg white albumin as antigen, an increase of circulating antibody was observed as shown by the augmented titers of precipitin and hemagglutinin. the results of skin test an ... | 1976 | 785698 |
| modulation of the immune response by bcg: a review. | | 1976 | 785826 |
| immunotherapy of cancer in man. | | 1976 | 786091 |
| in vitro monitoring of cellular function during bcg immunotherapy. | | 1975 | 786261 |
| studies on chemotherapy and immunotherapy in canine lymphosarcoma and osteosarcoma. | | 1975 | 786263 |
| nonspecific macrophage activation by systemic adjuvants. evaluation by lysosomal enzyme and in vitro tumoricidal activities. | six systemic adjuvants: living bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg), hydrosoluble extracts from bcg and from mycobacterium smegmatis, bacterial lipopolysaccharide, lentinan and levamisole, have been tested for their ability to induce macrophage activation in mice. the first four adjuvants mentioned increase phosphatase activity of peritoneal macrophages and make them nonspecifically cytotoxic for tumor cells in vitro. the intensity of these phenomena vary with route and time of administration. in cont ... | 1976 | 786904 |
| combined treatment of rodent fibrosarcoma by radiotherapy and immune adjuvant. | | 1976 | 786964 |
| malignant melanoma. | recent advances in our understanding of the pathology and prognosis of malignant melanoma make possible rationally designed immunotherapeutic studies. a number of immunologic studies suggest that there may be a specific immune response to melanoma-associated antigens in patients with melanoma; however, other studies have shown lack of specificity, so this issue remains to be definitively resolved. new immunotherapeutic agents, including bcg, tf, and levamisole, among others, offer the potential ... | 1976 | 787436 |
| serum containing endotoxin-induced tumour necrosis factor substitutes for helper t cells. | | 1976 | 787802 |
| [bacteriological pecularities of the bcg strain]. | | 1976 | 788350 |
| [phosphotransacetylases from bcg and mycobacterium phlei]. | | 1976 | 788798 |
| correlations between humoral immunity and successful chemotherapy-immunotherapy. | experiments were designed to evaluate the characteristics of the humoral immune response induced by active immunotherapy, both specific (neuraminidase-treated tumore cells) and nonspecific (bacillus calmette-guérin organisms), in the l1210-c57bl/6 x dba/2f tumor-host system. tumor burden was minimized with chemotherapy (1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) prior to immunotherapy. a marked increase in the concentration of serum immunoglobulins (immunoglobulin m, immunoglobulin g, and immunoglob ... | 1976 | 788896 |
| mechanism of bacillus calmette-guérin-induced suppression of metastases in a poorly immunogenic fibrosarcoma. | bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) reduces the rate of spontaneous pulmonary metastases from a poorly immunogenic fibrosarcoma. to be effective, bcg (1 x 10(6) organisms) must be given in admixture with (1 x 10(6)) tumor cells at the time of transplantation. reduction of metastasis at this dosage of bcg occurs without a change in the size of the primarytumor or the extent of necrosis within it. tumors transplanted in admixture with spleen cells from bcg-exposed donors reduced the number of metastase ... | 1976 | 788897 |
| characterization of mouse lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor. | | 1976 | 788924 |
| separation of m. leprae from human leproma and the development of a cytoplasmic skin test antigen from purified bacilli. | a successful method for purification of m. leprae from human leproma without subjection to heat has been developed. the "floater" phenomenon has been described which consists of bacillary tendency to float in the supernate when bacilli which are not autoclaved are separated from tissues by enzymatic digestion. a method for preparing cytoplasmic fractions from purified m. leprae has been developed for the production of a skin test antigen for leprosy. the cytoplasmic fraction of m. leprae elicit ... | 1976 | 789262 |
| nonspecific stimulation of a secondary ocular antibody response. | rabbits injected intravitreally with bovine gamma globulin (bgg) into the right eyes were challenged 3 months later by an intravitreal injection of ovalbumin (oa) into the left eyes. the rabbits were killed 6, 7, and 9 days after challenge and the number of cells producing antibody to both oa and bgg were enumerated. the uveal tract cells of all left eyes produced anti-bgg even though no bgg had been injected into the left eyes. the uveal tract response to oa was less pronounced and typical of a ... | 1976 | 789285 |
| tuberculosis in greater kudu. | four greater kudu (tragelaphus strepsiceros) died while maintained in captivity at a zoo. necropsy revealed tuberculous lesions in the lungs, spleen, and thoracic lymph nodes. histopathologic findings included granulomas with langhans' giant cells, necrosis, and mineralization. acid-fast organisms isolated from tissues of each kudu were identified as mycobacterium bovis. | 1976 | 789313 |
| role of activated macrophages in nonspecific resistance to neoplasia. | | 1976 | 789879 |
| bcg injections in the alimentary tract: an experimental study. | | 1976 | 790017 |
| production of monospecific antisera against antigenic componentsof mycobacterium bovis (bcg). | monospecific antisera against four different antigenic components of mycobacterium bovis (bcg) were produced by immunization of rabbits with precipitates cut out of gels after crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie). an important feature is to use a semipurified mycobacterial antigenic preparation, or a cross-reactive antigen, to obtain a simpler pattern in cie so that a clean precipitate, free from contaminating antigens, can be obtained for immunization. the findings with one particular antigen ar ... | 1976 | 790542 |
| a study of some effects of subculture on two bcg strains. | a marked improvement in the ability to consistently distinguish between colonies cultured from bcg strain 1331 (copenhagen), employed for the routine production of danish freeze-dried bcg vaccine, and those cultured from bcg strain 1077 (glaxo), employed for the routine production of british freeze-dried bcg vaccine, was obtained in our laboratory by modifying the constituents of a dubos-type solid-medium. several batches of british bcg vaccine had been specially prepared by the manufacturer, us ... | 1976 | 790711 |
| studies on the immunogical effects of bcg and its components: theoritical and therapeutic implications. | bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) has had significant antitumor effects in rodents and in man. in mice, bcg is capable of increasing lymphocyte-mediated immunity to allogenic leukemia cells and of creating "pseudoimmune" cytotoxic lymphocytes when administered alone. lymphocyte-activating factor (laf) produced by macrophages, a t-lymphocyte mitogenic substance, is increased significantly by the administration of bcg and may play a role in the evocation of cytotoxic cells. bcg acts as a mitogen for ... | 1976 | 791387 |
| malignant melanoma and immunotherapy. | | 1976 | 791438 |
| local adoptive transfer to mice of human delayed hypersensitivity: reactions by the radioisotopic footpad assay. | human delayed hypersensitivity to living bcg organisms and/or varidase was adoptively transferred to mice and assayed in mice by a radioisotope footpad assay (fpa). a mixture of the antigen and peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients (positive skin reactions to ppd and/or varidase) or healthy volunteers was inoculated into the footpads of lethally x-irradiated mice. a positive footpad reaction was accompanied by an increased leakage of the radiolabelled serum protein from the blood stream int ... | 1976 | 791551 |
| correlation of ppd and bcg-induced leukocyte migration inhibition, delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity, lymphocyte transformation in vitro and humoral antibodies to ppd in man. | in a study of healthy human individuals a complete lack of correlation between the results of the agarose leukocyte migration inhibition (lmi) test, using purified protein derivative (of tuberculin) (ppd) and bacillus calmette guérin (bcg) as antigens, and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity and lymphocyte transformation in vitro to ppd was found. there was a reasonable correlation between ppd- and bcg-induced lmi. antibodies to ppd proved to have no influence on ppd-induced lmi. purified polymor ... | 1976 | 791653 |
| a histochemical study of the fibrinolytic activity in dermal tuberculous lesions produced by bcg in rabbits. | | 1976 | 791667 |
| some biological, biochemical and morphological changes and their correlations in selected bcg vaccine strains. | | 1976 | 791950 |
| management and prognosis of multiple myeloma. | patients with asymptomatic or smoldering multiple myeloma should not be treated but should be observed closely for progression. for symptomatic myeloma, chemotherapy is indicated. melphalan, the agent of choice, should be given with prednisone for 1 week of every 6 weeks, if melphalan brings no response, or response and then relapse, cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) should be give intravenously every 4 weeks or orally every day. bcnu, ccnu, and doxorubicin (adriamycin) have also shown activity in myel ... | 1976 | 792581 |
| antibodies to melanoma cell and bcg antigens in sera from tumour-free individuals and from melanoma patients. | | 1976 | 792712 |
| the effect of salicylate on the leucocyte migration inhibition test. | the effect of sodium salicylate on peripheral blood leucocyte migration is described. at a concentration of 3,5 mmol/ml, no effect on leucocyte migration was seen, but this concentration appears to influence the leucocyte migration in the presence of specific antigen, either by increasing or by decreasing leucocyte migration inhibition. | 1976 | 793049 |
| the interactions of a leukemia virus with cells of the res. | | 1976 | 793339 |
| inhibition of growth and dissemination of shay myelogenous leukemic tumor in rats by glucan and glucan activated macrophages. | | 1976 | 793341 |
| interaction of macrophages with tumor cells. | | 1976 | 793342 |
| genetic regulation of macrophage functions. | normal phagocytic function is genetically determined but maintained in a rather narrow range of variation. phagocytosis stimulation induced by different agents is variable according to species, strains or individuals. variation is environmental, to a great extent, but has also a genetic component which differs in each case. selective breeding for macrophage responsiveness to triolein stimulation was successful. however, the relevant genes have only a small effect on antibody synthesis. macrophag ... | 1976 | 793348 |
| reticuloendothelial blockade with rare earth metals, the role of reticuloendothelial activity in hepatopathies and intravascular coagulation. | | 1976 | 793354 |
| two macrophage - affecting agents (mer and ams) | | 1976 | 793355 |
| chemoimmunotherapy of syngeneic mouse mammary carcinomas employing methanol extraction residue. | isografts of two mammary carcinomas, one spontaneously arising in a balb/cfc3h female infected with mtv and one free of mtv (tumor d7t4s), were removed surgically from balb/c (mtv free) female hosts, and fragments of each tumor were immediately reimplanted in situ (simulated local recurrence challenge). the animals were then subjected to treatment with the mer fraction of tubercle bacilli, with one of three chemotherapeutic drugs (5-fu, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate), or with both mer and ... | 1976 | 793479 |
| acute myelocytic leukemia. | | 1976 | 793552 |
| immunotherapy in the management of myelogenous leukemia. | now that it has been clearly established that tumor-associated antigens exist in acute leukemia in man, as in animals, the possibility of stimulating the patient's immune system to react against them arises. in animal experiments the most effective method of influencing the progress of leukemia after the implantation of living malignant cells has been a combination of nonspecific stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system, with agents such as bcg or corynebacterium parvum, either with chemoth ... | 1976 | 793553 |
| developmental therapy in adult acute leukemia. | | 1976 | 793554 |
| experimental cellular allergic reactions in normal canine and malignant human prostate. | this paper describes the histopathology of chronic tuberculin-type hypersensitivity reactions in the normal canine and malignant human prostate. seven dogs were sensitized by injection of freund's complete adjuvant and the histological response to the subsequent intra-prostatic injection of 6 mg tuberculin ppd was documented. a chronic mononuclear cell prostatis persisted for 4 weeks and was accompanied by paracortical distension and follicular hyperplasia in regional lymph nodes. six patients w ... | 1976 | 793748 |
| effect of oil-attached bcg cell-wall skeleton on the induction of pleural fibrosarcomas in mice. | the effect of oil-attached bcg cell-wall skeleton on the induction of pleural fibrosarcomas by 3-methylcholanthrene in mice was examined. the pleural fibrosarcomas were induced by a substernal injection of 3-methylcholanthrene into the thoracic cavity of ddo mice. one week after the injection of 3-methylcholanthrene, 100 mug of oil-attached bcg cell-wall skeleton was injected subcutaneously every week for 10 weeks. in the observation period of 130 days, the incidence of pleural fibrosarcoma was ... | 1976 | 793922 |
| failure of trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (p3 or cord factor) to enhance endotoxin lethality in mice. | the increased endotoxin lethality in mice pretreated with bcg was not observed in mice pretreated with trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate instead of bcg. | 1976 | 793994 |
| bacillus calmette-guerin induced macrophage stimulation: humoral aspects. | | 1976 | 794469 |
| active immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy in two mouse lymphoma models. | injections of appropriate numbers of irradiated tumor cells produced antibodies against tumor cell-surface antigen(s) in both syngeneic tumor models studied: the early transplant generations of the spontaneous l2 lymphoma in akr/j mice and the chemically induced el 4 lymphoma in c57bl/6j mice. no antibody was detected in normal or nonimmunized tumor-bearing mice. tumor inhibitory or enhancing activity was not demonstrated by these antibodies. immunoprophylaxis or cell-mediated immunity against t ... | 1976 | 794497 |
| relationship between intradermal tumor suppression and tumor immunity. | intradermal (id) injection of three tumor-immune stimulant mixtures (lstra-bcg, 13762a-bcg, cad2-corynebacterium parvum) was superior to the sc site for suppression of tumor growth: suppression of lstra-bcg mixtures was even less efficient after an ip or iv injectiouppression at all four sites. in the lstra-bcg model, the id site was not uniquely favorable for either the afferent or efferent limb of the immune response; the other sites produced equally effectiveimmunization or rejection of tumor ... | 1976 | 794505 |
| specific cytotoxic antibody in the sera of patients with melanoma. | | 1976 | 794584 |
| intralesional bcg application in malignant melanoma. | immunotherapy of malignant melanoma with bcg may be divided into two basic groups: 1. treatment of minimum residual disease. 2. direct intralesional application of bcg. in 19 patients with a histologically confirmed malignant melanoma, direct intralesional application of bcg was used to treat relapsing patients. in 10 of the 19 patients (group a) the relapse was confined to the primary region without signs of distant dissemination. in the remaining 9 patients (group b) signs of the lesion were p ... | 1976 | 794745 |
| lymphocyte-macrophage interactions in bcg-treated mice. | fresh living bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg), injected i.v. into (c57bl/6xdba/2)fl mice, activated peritoneal macrophages rendering them highly cytotoxic for tumor cells in vitro. this cytotoxic activity was already maximal 14 days after injection of 1 mg of bcg and remained stable when 3 or 5 mg of bcg were given. at the same time spleen cells of the bcg-treated mice showed strongly depressed responses to the t-cell mitogens, pha and con a, irrespective of the dose of bcg injected. the inhibitor ... | 1976 | 794959 |
| [bcg in cancer therapy--wishful thinking or the therapy of the future?]. | | 1976 | 795025 |
| endocellular antigens of romanian bcg daughter-strain. | | 1976 | 795398 |
| characters of bcg vaccines prepared from the romanian and french strains. | | 1976 | 795399 |
| [chemotherapeutically active nitro compounds. 2nd communication: nitrodiphenyl sulfones (author's transl)]. | a number of new 4-nitro-4'-amino-diphenyl sulfones and related compounds were prepared and investigated as to their therapeutic activity. they showed a good systemic activity against tubercle bacilli (m. bovis, nmri mouse) and plasmodia (p. berghei, nmri mouse). the test results reveal that the 4-nitro-4'-amino-diphenyl sulfones possess a spectrum of activity similar to that of diamino-diphenyl sulfone (dds). it is assumed that 4-nitro-4'-amino-diphenyl sulfones in vivo are converted into dds de ... | 1976 | 795435 |
| chemoimmunotherapy of advanced breast cancer. | | 1976 | 795504 |
| the place of immunological methods of treatment in the management of acute leukaemia. | | 1976 | 795744 |
| perspectives and prospectives in the management of acute leukemia. | | 1976 | 795745 |
| [cancer immunotherapy and its fundamental basis (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 796500 |
| [obtaining active bcg substrains resistant to hina]. | | 1976 | 796848 |
| [bactericidal activity of disinfection affecting various strains of acid-fast bacilli. iii. chlorine compounds, ethyl alcohol]. | | 1976 | 796896 |
| the origin and role of blood-borne monocytes in rats with a transplanted myelogenous leukaemia. | the growth of a transplantable myeloid leukaemia into its syngeneic host is accompanied by a progressive increase in the number of blood monocytes. these were shown to be of host origin and were not derived from the inoculated leukaemia cells. the host response which is responsible for the monocytosis differs from that associated with the entry of monocytes into immunogenic sarcomas. | 1975 | 797440 |
| rejection of sarcoma cells at the site of an inflammatory reaction: macrophages are not the only effector cells. | purified protein derivative (ppd) (a soluble protein from tubercle bacilli), when injected together with sarcoma cells into syngeneic mice that had been immunized previously with bacillus calmitte-guérin (bcg), prevents tumour toxic to sarcoma cells [4]. however, non-adherent mononuclear peritoneal exudate cells from bcg-treated mice were also found on addition of ppd to become cytotoxic to sarcoma cells. in vivo assays indicate that such cells may play a major role in the in vivo destruction of ... | 1975 | 797442 |
| influence of five different postnatal lifelong treatments on the transplacental carcinogenicity of ethylnitrosourea in sprague-dawley rats. | sprague-dawley rats received in 10 mg/kg body weight (group i) or 30 mg/kg body weight (group ii) ethylnitrosourea (enu) orally on the 19th day of pregnancy. their offspring were treated with bacille calmette-guerin, human albumin, hydrocortisone, cyclophosphamide or nicotine starting on the 6th day of life. the enu treatment significantly reduced the life expectancy of all offspring. treatment of the offspring did not influence tumor frequency, induction time or localization of neurogenic malig ... | 1976 | 797445 |
| successful treatment of the patients with malignant pleural effusion with bcg cell-wall skeleton. | the usefulness of the cell-wall skeleton of mycobacterium bovis bcg (bcg-cws) to the management of malignant pleural effusion is demonstrated in this report. in two patients with malignant pleurisy the oil-attached bcg-cws reduced the pleural effusion in volume when injected intrapleurally. the following intradermal injections of bcg-cws into the bilateral upper arms repeated monthly prevented the reaccumulation of the effusion and improved other clinical conditions of the patients. the possible ... | 1976 | 797625 |
| adjuvant and antitumor activities of nocardia cell-wall skeletons. | the adjuvant activity of the cell-wall skeletons prepared from eight species (ten strains) of nocardia was determined by brunner's method using allogeneic cell-mediated cytotoxicity test. the antitumor activity of the cell-wall skeleton of n. rubra, which showed the most potent adjuvant activity, was examined using el-4 leukemia and mh-134 hepatoma cells in syngeneic mice. its results suggest that the cell-wall skeleton of n. rubra is more potent than bcg cell-wall skeleton as the immunotherapeu ... | 1976 | 797626 |
| experimental immunotherapy of neoplastic pleural effusion with oil-attached bcg cell-wall skeleton in mice. | an experimental model for neoplastic pleural effusion was made using a transplantable pleural fibrosarcoma mc-106 in ddo mice, and a local immunotherapy of neoplastic pleural effusion with oil-attached bcg cell-wall skeleton was attempted. viable cells (3 x 10(5)) of mc-106 were injected into the right pleural cavity of the mice on day 0 with a tuberculin syringe which was joined to a two-way tap attached to a capillary manometer. all of the mice in the control group, which received intrapleural ... | 1976 | 797627 |
| two-step mechanism of macrophage-mediated tumor lysis in vitro. | normal peritoneal macrophages from c3h/he mice could not lyse syngeneic mm46 tumor cells in co-operation with syngeneic antitumor antibody. thus, normal macrophages could not effectively participate in the antibody-dependent macrophage-mediated tumor lysis in vitro. however, after activation in vivo by stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide, bcg, or glycogen, macrophages could co-operate with antitumor antibody in cytolysis of target cells. in the cytolysis nonspecific activation of normal macropha ... | 1976 | 797628 |
| immunosuppressive effect in mycobacterial adjuvant emulsions of mineral oils containing low molecular weight hydrocarbons. | bayol f preparations from different commercial sources were incorporated into water-in-oil emulsions containing mycobacterial fractions and a protein antigen. it was found that an adjuvant effect was obtained with some mineral oils and a toxic immunosuppressive effect with others. | 1976 | 797664 |
| enhancement of humoral immune responses. i. potentiating influence of purified protein derivative on the invitro immune response of spleen cells sensitized to mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium. | addition of purified protein derivate (ppd) to suspension cultures of spleen cells from swine sensitized to mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium resulted in marked enhancement of antisheep erythrocyte plaque-forming cells after stimulation with sheep erythrocytes. the enhancing effect appeared early in the response and was specific for the sensitizing antigen. the enhancing effect was dependent upon the presence of both sheep erythrocytes and ppd in the culture system. ppd had no effect i ... | 1976 | 797671 |
| immune mechanisms affecting bovine leucocytes during suppression of tuberculin skin sensitivity in cattle. | complete desensitization to tuberculin skin-testing (anergy) was produced in cattle by repeated intravenous injections of living bcg organisms into animals sensitized by a prior subcutaneous dose of bcg. two levels of desensitization were produced; complete desensitization following 10 i.v. doses and partial desensitization following 5 i.v. doses of 100 mg bcg. intradermal tuberculin testing at the end of the experiment stimulated the appearance of reactive blood lymphocytes in sensitized cattle ... | 1976 | 797673 |
| production of migration inhibitory factor in inbred rats. | strains of genetically inbred rats representative of the known ag-b groups produced migration inhibitory factor in response to immunization with live bacillus calmette-guerin bacilli and intracardiac challenge with old tuberculin; the assays were performed by both in vitro and in vivo methods. none of the strains immunized in this fashion developed delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to purified protein derivative. | 1976 | 797675 |
| [chemistry, biology, and pathology of mycobacteria grown in vivo. 2. the host-parasite relationship and the properties of the organism grown in vivo]. | | 1976 | 798062 |
| [antibacterial therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis]. | | 1976 | 798185 |
| monitoring immunotherapy with serologically active glycolipid fractions of bcg. | | 1976 | 798321 |
| immunotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer: the potential. | | 1976 | 798647 |
| immunotherapy of human lung cancer with bcg cell-wall skeleton. | effect of bcg cell-wall skeleton (bcg-cws) on the recovery of responsiveness of lymphocytes and the survival period was studied in patients with lung cancer. (a) responsiveness of lymphocytes as demonstrated by proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (pha) or microcytotoxicity test with cultured cells of a bronchogenic carcinoma was depressed in the patients at later stages of cancer and it was restored by treatment with bcg-cws in many of such patients. (b) survival period of the patients ... | 1976 | 798710 |
| some immunologically based reactions that can cause the regression of large tumor masses. | a widely held view is that the immune reactions of the host directed against tumor-specific membrane antigens can only eliminate a relatively small number of tumor cells. there are, however, some therapeutic maneuvers, that under some conditions can cause the regression of large tumor masses to which immune factors make a critical contribution. among these are the injection of complement, administration of double stranded rna and endotoxin, and the induction of inflammation. | 1976 | 799755 |
| spontaneous remission in burkitt's lymphoma. | three cases of spontaneous regression of burkitt's lymphoma are reviewed and additional clinical and laboratory observations relevant to the role of host defenses are summarized. spontaneous regression of burkitt's lymphoma provides compelling evidence for antitumor immunity. | 1976 | 799761 |
| immunotherapy in malignant melanomaa. | accumlated evidence suggests that human neoplasms contain antigens that elicit humoral and cellular immunity in the immunocompetent host. a recent summary report showed that stage ii melanoma patients with metastases to regional lymph nodes had a lowered incidence of recurrence and a higher incidence of survival following surgery and postoperative bcg immunotherapy. to verify these findings, clinical trials are now under way in which we radomized melanoma patients into groups to compare treatmen ... | 1976 | 799763 |
| nonspecific antigen reactions. | cell-mediated immune challenge reactions to a number of antigens at tumor sites resulted in regressions of various types of benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions in man. regressions varied from partial to complete and lasted from several months to more than 10 years. increased levels of cell-mediated immunocompetence were attained by several means, including reduction of tumor burden, immunopotentiation, or transfer of immunity. antitumor activities of immune challenge reactions are select ... | 1976 | 799764 |
| the significance of macrophages in human and experimental tumors. | | 1976 | 800321 |
| discussion paper: a tumor-inhibiting lymphokine from tuberculous mice. | | 1976 | 800323 |
| immunocompetence, immunodeficiency and prognosis in cancer. | immunocompetence and prognosis are related in solid tumors, malignant lymphomas, and acute leukemia. among the parameters of immunocompetence vigorous delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to recall antigens or to primary immunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin, vigorous in vitro lymphocyte blastogenic responses to mitogens such as pha, and relatively high b-lymphocyte levels, all correlate with a good prognosis. the spectrum of immune reactivity as measured by established delayed-type hyp ... | 1976 | 800324 |
| relationships among differentiated t-cell subpopulations. i. dissociated development of tuberculin type hypersensitivity, jones-mote type hypersensitivity and activation of helper function. | relationships among tuberculin type hypersensitivity, jones-mote type hypersensitivity and activation of helper t cells were studied in akr mice by means of footpad reaction, migration inhibition test and antibody production against the trinitrophenyl group. (1) immunization with srbc in saline, freund's incomplete adjuvant (fia) or complete adjuvant (fca) and fixed-srbc (frbc) in fia- or fca-induced delayed hypersensitivity as demonstrated by footpad swelling. (2) migration inhibition was posi ... | 1976 | 800398 |
| sources of energy production in mycobacterium tuberculosis bcg. | | 1976 | 802119 |
| [evaluation of the results obtained in mycobacterium laboratory during from 1968 to 1972 (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 803312 |
| letter: names for tubercle bacilli. the status of bcg. | | 1975 | 803358 |
| biologically active components from mycobacterial cell walls. iv. protection of mice against aerosol infection with virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis. | | 1975 | 803876 |
| the radiology of gout. review article. | the radiological features of gout are presented on the basis of a consecutive series of 64 in-patients and a review of the literature. gout is a painful and potentially crippling disorder. since fewer patients are referred with a classical acute attack due to the advent of more effective drug therapy, the radiologist may be presented with unusual or atypical cases. it is confirmed that there are no specific radiological features of gout. provided a high index of suspicion be mai-tained, particul ... | 1975 | 804372 |
| biologically active components from mycobacterial cell walls. iii. production of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea-pigs. | the efficacy of various fractions of mycobacterial cell walls in producing experimental ahlergic encephalomyelitis (eae) has been evaluated. bcg (bacillus-calmette-buérin) cell walls were effective in producing eae in all animals at dose levels as low as 40 mug. study of subfractions of these cell walls revealed the following: (1) wax d was active, but required larger doses than bcg cell walls; (2) the chloroform-methanol-soluble (cms) portion of wax d and p3 (a mycolic acid-trehalose ester cont ... | 1975 | 804436 |
| purification and properties of tuberculin-active protein from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | when mycobacterium tuberculosis was grown on sauton medium, intracellular tuberculin-active protein was produced. this product was purified by chromatography on deae-cellulose and sephadex g-200 and was obtained in crystalline form. the crystals were plates, somewhat irregular in shape, about 50 mum in length and 25 mum in width. the yield corresponded to a 1.5% over-all recovery of total protein. ultracentrifugal analysis showed only one major component with a calculated molecular weight of 970 ... | 1975 | 804476 |
| antitumor activity of bacterial infection. i. effect of listeria monocytogenes on growth of a murine fibrosarcoma. | growth of a murine fibrosarcoma was suppressed when tumor cells were mixed with viable listeria monocytogenes (lm) before intradermal injection into nonimmune syngeneic recepients. immunization of recipients, by intravenous injection of lm 11 days before transplantation of lm-tumor cell mixtures, eliminated the mortality associated with large doses of lm but did not alter the antitumor activity of the microorganisms. simultaneous injection of lm and tumor cells at separate sites failed to affect ... | 1975 | 804566 |
| [characteristics of the protein spectra of individual representatives of mycobacteria]. | a study of proteinograms of some strains of mycobacteria with the use of the method of electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel showed that individual strains had characteristic protein spectra which could serve as one of the possible taxonomic characteristics. analysis of proteinograms of three groups of mycobacteria (tuberculosis, atypical and saprophytes) by electrophoretic mobility of the fractions, with consideration to their homologous character and by the intensity of protein fractions in th ... | 1975 | 804775 |
| [comparison of the protein spectra of typical and atypical mycobacteria using the disc electrophoresis method in polyacrylamide gel]. | protein spectra of 19 strains of typical and atypical mycobacteria were studied. the advantage of protein extracts obtained from the living cells destroyed by press was shown in experiments of fractionation in polyacrylamide gel. on the basis of similarity indices of the protein spectra a conditioned scheme reflecting the extent of similarity of the cultures under study was drawn. there were revealed protein fractions common for the majority of the cultures studied; it was impossible to isolate ... | 1975 | 804788 |
| preservation of mycobacterial suspensions at -55 degrees c. | suspensions in dilute sauton's medium of 14 mycobacterial strains grown under identical conditions were prepared with bacilli harvested at their midlog phase of growth,and were frozen and stored at -55 degrees c. survivals, estimated by cfu determinations after periodic intervals of storage, showed no adverse effect of freezing and thawing on any of the strains. effectiveness of preservation, however, varied from strain to strain and no correlation existed between effectiveness and species of my ... | 1975 | 804986 |
| effect of nonspecific stimulation on the defense mechanisms of inbred mice. | acquired resistance to facultative intracellular parasites was investigated in c57bl/6j inbred mice susceptibe to salmonella typhimurium but inherently resistant to listeria monocytogenes and in a/j inbred mice which showed the reverse relationship. a/j but not c57bl/6j mice were protected against s. typhimurium challenge by s. typhimurium phenol vaccine, s. typhimurium purified rna, or l. monocytogenes purified rna. c57bl/6j but not a/j could be protected against l. monocytogenes challenge by ... | 1975 | 805175 |
| immunopotentiation with bcg: dimensions of a specific antitumor response. | the dimensions of a bcg-potentiated antitumor response against the poorly immunogenic murine mastocytoma, p815 (ma), are described for a model in which the tumor immunogen is injected into subcutaneous sites previously infected with bcg; a distantly located tumor challenge is subsequently monitored for evidence of regression. a comparison of concomitant immunity and the immunity elicited by injection of varying doses of live ma into sites previously infected with bcg revealed similar antitumor e ... | 1975 | 805254 |