| allergic alveolitis among agricultural workers in eastern poland: a study of twenty cases. | the aim of this study was to identify the specific agents which caused extrinsic allergic alveolitis (eaa) in the selected group of 20 agricultural workers from eastern poland. the microbiological analysis of the samples of plant materials or dusts reported by the patients as causing symptoms has been carried out, followed by allergological tests (inhalation challenge, agar-gel precipitation test, inhibition of leukocyte migration, skin test) with extrinsic microbial antigens. it was found that ... | 1998 | 9852490 |
| homomultimeric protease in the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima has structural and amino acid sequence homology to bacteriocins in mesophilic bacteria. | a novel homomultimeric protease (> 669 kda), based on 31 kda subunits, was purified from cell extracts of the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima. this protease exhibits activity toward chymotrypsin and trypsin substrates, optimally at 90 degrees c and ph 7.1, and has a half-life of 36 min at 95 degrees c. transmission electron microscopy established that the protease consists of a large globular assembly which appears circular from the front view. the function of this protease in t. ... | 1998 | 9872409 |
| complementation of the growth defect of an rnpa49 mutant of escherichia coli by overexpression of arginine trna(ccg). | we previously found that overexpression of arginine trna(ccg) from brevibacterium albidum complements the rnpa49 mutation, which is responsible for the thermosensitivity of escherichia coli rnase p function. in this present work, we show that the e. coli homologue trna also complements the same mutation, but other trnas do not. these results suggest that the rnpa49 mutation causes a major cellular defect in an rnase p reaction to generate the mature arginine trna(ccg). | 1998 | 9891848 |
| skin bacteriology and the role of staphylococcus aureus in infection. | many of the staphylococci and coryneforms that inhabit normal human skin do not cause skin disease. amongst the remainder the mechanisms of pathogenicity vary widely. for proteus, pseudomonas and brevibacterium species proteolysis is a major determinant. the precise role of corynebacterium minutissimum in erythrasma and the propionibacteria in acne is not known. staphylococcus aureus, however, produces a wide range of non-specific agents, such as haemolysins and leucocidins as well as highly spe ... | 1998 | 9990407 |
| reclassification of brevibacterium oxydans (chatelain and second 1966) as microbacterium oxydans comb. nov. | phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses indicate that brevibacterium oxydans is closely related to species of the genus microbacterium, namely microbacterium liquefaciens, microbacterium luteolum and microbacterium saperdae. dna-dna reassociation values of less than 60% between brevibacterium oxydans and these three microbacterium species support the distinctness of this misclassified brevibacterium species, which is reclassified as microbacterium oxydans comb. nov. | 1999 | 10028259 |
| reclassification of brevibacterium incertum (breed 1953) as desemzia incerta gen. nov., comb. nov. | phylogenetic analysis of 16s rdna indicates that brevibacterium incertum is not a member of the genus brevibacterium but related to species of the genus carnobacterium. hence, brevibacterium incertum is not a member of the class actinobacteria but belongs to the phylogenetically defined broad bacillus-lactobacillus cluster. based upon properties that taxonomically clearly distinguishes brevibacterium incertum from species of the phylogenetic sister genus carnobacterium, brevibacterium incertum i ... | 1999 | 10028261 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the seca gene from coryneform bacteria. | taking advantage of highly conserved domains present in the seca gene from escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis, we designed degenerate oligonucleotides (oligos) corresponding to these regions. these oligos were used as primers in pcr in order to amplify dna sequences from brevibacterium flavum mj233 chromosomal dna. the pcr product was used as a probe to recover genomic fragments from a lambda library of br. flavum mj233. the complete nucleotide sequence (nt) of the cloned 5.3-kb ecor1 fragme ... | 1999 | 10084122 |
| a murc gene from coryneform bacteria. | the upstream flanking region of the ftsq and ftsz genes of brevibacterium flavum mj233, which belongs to the coryneform bacteria, was amplified by the inverse polymerase chain reaction method and cloned in escherichia coli. complementation analysis of e. coli mutant with a defective cell-wall synthesis mechanism with the cloned fragment and its dna sequencing indicated the presence of the murc gene, encoding udp-n-acetylmuramate:l-alanine ligase involved in peptidoglycan synthesis, just upstream ... | 1999 | 10091329 |
| crystal structure determination of cholesterol oxidase from streptomyces and structural characterization of key active site mutants. | cholesterol oxidase is a monomeric flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation and isomerization of cholesterol to cholest-4-en-3-one. the enzyme interacts with lipid bilayers in order to bind its steroid substrate. the x-ray structure of the enzyme from brevibacterium sterolicum revealed two loops, comprising residues 78-87 and residues 433-436, which act as a lid over the active site and facilitate binding of the substrate [vrielink et al. (1991) j. mol. biol. 219, 533-554; li et al. (1993) bioc ... | 1999 | 10194345 |
| dust-borne bacteria in animal sheds, schools and children's day care centres. | a total of 316 bacterial strains, including psychrophiles, mesophiles and thermophiles, were isolated and identified from indoor dusts in schools, children's day care centres and animal sheds. several species which had not previously been reported from indoor environments were found: sphingomonas, brevibacterium, nocardiopsis, deinococcus and rhodococcus/gordona. a new psychrophilic actinomycete genus was also found in animal sheds, representing a new undescribed peptidoglycan type and an unusua ... | 1999 | 10212408 |
| structure and organization of the rrnd operon of 'brevibacterium lactofermentum': analysis of the 16s rrna gene. | five rrna operons (rrn) were found by hybridization in the genome of 'brevibacterium lactofermentum' atcc 13869 and corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032. 'b. lactofermentum' dsm 20412 differed from the other corynebacteria tested in showing six hybridizing bamhi bands. two of the rrn operons (rrnd and rrne) were located in a single cosmid. sequencing of the rrnd operon showed that it contains a complete 16s rrna-23s rna-5s rrna gene cluster. phylogenetic studies using the complete 16s rrna sequ ... | 1999 | 10220171 |
| biodegradation of cyclohexylamine by brevibacterium oxydans ih-35a. | a bacterial strain capable of growing on cyclohexylamine (cham) was isolated by using enrichment and isolation techniques. the strain isolated, strain ih-35a, was classified as a member of the genus brevibacterium. the results of growth and enzyme studies are consistent with degradation of cham via cyclohexanone (chnone), 6-hexanolactone, 6-hydroxyhexanoate, and adipate. cell extracts obtained from this strain grown on cham contained cham oxidase, and the model for cham oxidation by this enzyme ... | 1999 | 10224025 |
| isolation and primary characterization of an amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | amidase (ec 3.5.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 using isopropanol fractionation and exchange chromatography on mono q. the isolated amidase consists of four identical subunits with molecular weight 42+/-2 kd. the activity of the enzyme is maximal at 55-60 degrees c and within the ph range 5-8. the amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 is highly sensitive to such sulfhydryl reagents as hg2+ and cu2+. chelators (edta and o-phenanthroline) and serine proteinase inhibitors ... | 1999 | 10231590 |
| a gene (tmpa) for an efflux protein of the transporter family iii from brevibacterium linens oc2, an antibacterial substance-producing strain. | a gene (tmpa) encoding a putative transmembrane protein has been cloned from b. linens oc2, an antibacterial substance-producing strain. the deduced tmpa protein sequence shares similarities to members of the transporter family iii exploiting the transmembrane proton gradient to provide export of toxic compounds such as antiseptics or antibiotics. northern blot analysis indicated that tmpa gene is expressed. length of rna messenger and overlapping of orfs upstream tmpa gene suggested that it mig ... | 1999 | 10341071 |
| aspects of enzymology and biochemical properties of brevibacterium linens relevant to cheese ripening: a review. | brevibacterium linens is a major surface microorganism that is present in the smear of surface-ripened cheeses. the enzymology and biochemical characteristics of b. linens influence the ripening and final characteristics of smear surface-ripened cheeses. proteolytic, peptidolytic, esterolytic, and lipolytic activities, which are of particular importance in the ripening process, are discussed in detail. this review also describes the production of volatile compounds, especially sulfur-containing ... | 1999 | 10342227 |
| actinomycetes in karstic caves of northern spain (altamira and tito bustillo). | a variety of isolation procedures were carried out to study the involvement of bacteria in the colonisation and biodeterioration of spanish caves with paleolithic rock art (altamira and tito bustillo). the applied techniques mainly aimed to isolate heterotrophic bacteria such as streptomycetes, nocardioform and coryneform actinomycetes, and other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the results demonstrated that actinomycetes were the most abundant gram-positive bacteria in the caves. actin ... | 1999 | 10353805 |
| analysis of the bacterial surface ripening flora of german and french smeared cheeses with respect to their anti-listerial potential. | the anti-listerial potential of 19 different french smeared cheese bacterial consortia was analyzed semi-quantitatively. comparison of the total viable cell count to the direct microscopic count yielded no indication that non-culturable bacteria contribute significantly to the undefined, complex ripening floras. from 2613 isolates, 48 showed clear inhibition of one or more listeria monocytogenes strains on solid medium, while only three isolates excreted an anti-listerial, soluble substance when ... | 1999 | 10357277 |
| a new carboxylesterase from brevibacterium linens ifo 12171 responsible for the conversion of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate to 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate: purification, characterization, gene cloning, and gene expression in escherichia coli. | a carboxylesterase that is responsible for conversion of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate (bda) to 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (4hba) was found in brevibacterium lines ifo 12171, and purified to homogeneity. the purified enzyme was active toward a variety of diesters of ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, and 1,6-hexanediol. the k(m) and kcat of the enzyme for bda were 3.04 mm and 203,000 s-1, respectively. the reaction with the purified enzyme gave 98 mm 4hba from 100 mm bda for 60 min. the enzyme gene was c ... | 1999 | 10361681 |
| plasmids of corynebacteria. | corynebacteria are pleomorphic, asporogenous, gram-positive bacteria. included in this group are nonpathogenic soil corynebacteria, which are widely used for the industrial production of amino acids and detergents, and in biotransformation of steroids. other members of this group are plant and animal pathogens. this review summarizes the current information available about the plasmids of corynebacteria. the emphasis is mainly on the small plasmids, which have been used for construction of vecto ... | 1999 | 10361704 |
| isolation of the muri gene from brevibacterium lactofermentum atcc 13869 encoding d-glutamate racemase. | the muri gene encoding d-glutamate racemase plays an important role in the biosynthesis of d-glutamic acid, an essential component of cell wall peptidoglycan of almost all eubacteria. a dna fragment that could rescue the auxotrophy of d-glutamic acid in the escherichia coli muri mutant strain wm335 was isolated from brevibacterium lactofermentum atcc 13869 belonging to the coryneform bacteria. dna sequencing reveals that it encodes a protein of 284 amino acid residues, which shows a high level o ... | 1999 | 10386367 |
| in-vitro activity of levofloxacin, ofloxacin and d-ofloxacin against coryneform bacteria and listeria monocytogenes. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro activity of levofloxacin, ofloxacin and d-ofloxacin compared with ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and sparfloxacin against coryneform bacteria and listeria monocytogenes isolated from clinical samples. the following organisms (and number of strains) were studied: corynebacterium jeikeium (20), corynebacterium urealyticum (20), corynebacterium minutissimum (20), corynebacterium striatum (20), corynebacterium amycolatum (30), brevibacterium spp. ... | 1999 | 10404334 |
| formation and structure of mixed bacterial communities. | mixed bacterial communities are formed by unrelated bacteria on solid media. mixed bacterial communities on solid media are similar to "classical" colonies and are formed after the growth of a large number of unrelated bacteria simultaneously plated onto a limited area of agar. the morphology of the mixed bacterial communities was similar for different combinations of bacteria and did not change when the bacteria were plated on different media. different bacterial strains form zones of individua ... | 1999 | 10440060 |
| kinetic mechanisms of cholesterol oxidase from streptomyces hygroscopicus and brevibacterium sterolicum. | the kinetic properties of two cholesterol oxidases, one from brevibacterium sterolicum (bco) the other from streptomyces hygroscopicus (sco) were investigated. bco works via a ping-pong mechanism, whereas the catalytic pathway of sco is sequential. the turnover numbers at infinite cholesterol and oxygen concentrations are 202 s-1 and 105 s-1 for sco and bco, respectively. the rates of flavin reduction extrapolated to saturating substrate concentration, under anaerobic conditions, are 235 s-1 for ... | 1999 | 10447682 |
| propeptide of the metalloprotease of brevibacillus brevis 7882 is a strong inhibitor of the mature enzyme. | a metalloprotease gene of brevibacillus brevis (npr) was expressed in escherichia coli in a soluble form as native npr precursor. a significant fraction of the precursor was spontaneously processed, producing the n-terminal propeptide and the mature enzyme. a strong inhibition of the mature npr by its own propeptide in the crude lysate was observed even in the absence of the covalent linkage between them. pure precursor, propeptide and the mature npr were isolated and kinetic parameters of the m ... | 1999 | 10452561 |
| cholesterol oxidase from streptomyces hygroscopicus and brevibacterium sterolicum: effect of surfactants and organic solvents on activity. | we have studied systematically the effect of the non-ionic surfactants thesit and triton x-100, and of propan-2-ol (used as a substrate solubilizer) on the activity of the cholesterol oxidases from streptomyces hygroscopicus (sco) and brevibacterium sterolicum (bco). low concentrations of thesit lead to an activity increase with both enzymes; at higher surfactant concentrations the opposite effect occurs. triton x-100 inactivates both enzymes at all concentrations. it is deduced that these surfa ... | 1999 | 10467115 |
| the eff-482 locus of sinorhizobium meliloti cxm1-105 that influences symbiotic effectiveness consists of three genes encoding an endoglycanase, a transcriptional regulator and an adenylate cyclase. | the mutant t482 of sinorhizobium meliloti cxm1-105, which carries a tn5 insertion on megaplasmid 1, exhibits an enhanced symbiotic efficiency phenotype. three genes, eglc, cya3 and syrb2, were identified in the eff-482 region tagged by the tn5 insertion in t482. the eglc gene encodes an endoglycanase which contributes to the depolymerization of the exo-polysaccharide succinoglycan. the n-terminal region of the predicted cya3 gene product was similar to eukaryotic-type adenylate cyclases from bre ... | 1999 | 10485295 |
| [the biosynthesis of 2h-labelled inosine by bacillus subtilis bacteria in a heavy-hydrogen medium]. | we studied biosynthesis of the purine ribonucleoside inosine by the strain of bacillus subtilis, which was adapted to deuterium through plating to individual colonies on 2% agar with 2h2o and subsequent selection. for growing the strain, a special heavy hydrogen medium with a high level of deuteration (89-90 at. % 2h) based on 2% hydrolyzate of the biomass of the methylotrophic brevibacterium methylicum as a source of 2h-labeled growth substrates was obtained on 98 vol % 2h2o and 2 vol % [u-2h] ... | 1999 | 10520284 |
| sulfur metabolism in bacteria associated with cheese. | metabolism of sulfur in bacteria associated with cheese has long been a topic of interest. volatile sulfur compounds, specifically methanethiol, are correlated to desirable flavor in cheddar cheese, but their definitive role remains elusive. only recently have enzymes been found that produce this compound in bacteria associated with cheese making. cystathionine beta- and gamma-lyase are found in lactic acid bacteria and are capable of producing methanethiol from methionine. their primary functio ... | 1999 | 10532382 |
| molecular cloning of isomaltotrio-dextranase gene from brevibacterium fuscum var. dextranlyticum strain 0407 and its expression in escherichia coli. | the gene encoding an extracellular isomaltotrio-dextranase (imtd), designed dext, was cloned from the chromosomal dna of brevibacterium fuscum var. dextranlyticum strain 0407, and expressed in escherichia coli. a single open reading frame consisting of 1923 base pairs that encoded a polypeptide composed of a signal peptide of 37 amino acids and a mature protein of 604 amino acids (m(r), 68,300) was found. the primary structure had no significant similarity with the structure of two other reporte ... | 1999 | 10540747 |
| brevibacterium avium sp. nov., isolated from poultry. | two strains of a brevibacterium-like bacterium originating from bumble-foot lesions of domestic fowls were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. the phenotypic characteristics of the bacterium were consistent with its assignment to the genus brevibacterium although comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the organism represents a distinct subline within the genus. chromosomal dna-dna pairing studies confirmed that the unidentified bacterium was genomically distinct and worthy of se ... | 1999 | 10555333 |
| degradation of phenanthrene by different bacteria: evidence for novel transformation sequences involving the formation of 1-naphthol. | four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah)-degrading bacteria, namely arthrobacter sulphureus rkj4, acidovorax delafieldii p4-1, brevibacterium sp. hl4 and pseudomonas sp. dlc-p11, capable of utilizing phenanthrene as the sole source of carbon and energy, were tested for its degradation using radiolabelled phenanthrene. [9-14c]phenanthrene was incubated with microorganisms containing 100 mg/l unlabelled phenanthrene and the evolution of 14co2 was monitored: within 18 h of incubation, 30.1, 35.6, ... | 1999 | 10645629 |
| indole-inducible proteins in bacteria suggest membrane and oxidant toxicity. | oxidant toxicity of indole was demonstrated by the induction of alkylhydroperoxide reductase subunit c (ahpc) in escherichia coli k12 and by the constitutive overproduction of ahpc in a variant of e. coli jm109 with enhanced resistance to indole. oxidant toxicity was also indicated in an indole-adapted variant of brevibacterium flavum by the indole-inducible overproduction of a novel 36-kda protein with n-terminal sequence similarity to proteins involved in superoxide and singlet oxygen resistan ... | 2000 | 10648109 |
| comparative study of the effects of peptidoglycan monomer and structurally related adamantyltripeptides on humoral immune response to ovalbumin in the mouse. | peptidoglycan monomer, glcnac-murnac-l-ala-d-isogln-mesodap(omega nh2)-d-ala-d-ala (pgm) originating from brevibacterium divaricatum and synthetic adamantyltripeptides, diastereoisomers of d,l-(adamant-2-yl)-gly-l-ala-d-isogln (adtp1 and adtp2) exhibit immunomodulating activity. an experimental model in the mouse has been established with suboptimal amounts of ovalbumin (ova) as the immunogen, and parallel testing of adjuvant activity of these three immunomodulators was carried out in balb/c, c5 ... | 2000 | 10649625 |
| an investigation into the electro-physical characteristics of microbial cells during the metabolism of toxic compounds under conditions of limited o2 availability. | the purpose of the work reported here was to experimentally clarify the interconnection between changes in the electro-physical characteristics of microbial suspensions and processes of the metabolism of certain toxic compounds (acrylamide and p-nitrophenol (pnp)) in cells containing enzyme systems of the initial metabolism of these compounds. in this work, we used cells of two strains, acinetobacter calcoaceticum a-122 and brevibacterium sp. 13pa, which are capable of utilising pnp and acrylami ... | 1999 | 10681179 |
| identification of coryneform bacterial isolates by ribosomal dna sequence analysis. | identification of coryneform bacteria to the species level is important in certain circumstances for differentiating contamination and/or colonization from infection, which influences decisions regarding clinical intervention. however, methods currently used in clinical microbiology laboratories for the species identification of coryneform bacteria are often inadequate. we evaluated the microseq 500 16s bacterial sequencing kit (perkin-elmer biosystems, foster city, calif.), which is designed to ... | 2000 | 10747168 |
| a brevibacterium lactofermentum 16s rrna gene used as target site for homologous recombination. | genes for rrna are highly conserved and present in multiple copies in most prokaryotic organisms increasing the number of theoretical sites for homologous recombination. they might be targets for integration events between unrelated microorganisms providing that an efficient genetic transfer is present. we have used a plasmid containing a portion of the 16s rrna gene from the rrnd operon of brevibacterium lactofermentum to transform the same strain resulting in non-essential inactivation of vari ... | 2000 | 10754248 |
| detection of mycoloylglycerol by thin-layer chromatography as a tool for the rapid inclusion of corynebacteria of clinical origin in the genus corynebacterium. | a chemotaxonomic study of some corynebacteria isolated from clinical samples revealed characteristic thin-layer chromatographic patterns for meso-diaminopimelic acid containing species included in the genera corynebacterium, dermabacter and brevibacterium. notably, a specific compound was consistently detected in mycolic acid containing species of the genus corynebacterium. this compound was composed by glycerol and mycolic acids and structural analyses carried out by fast atom bombardment mass ... | 2000 | 10778941 |
| use of an enzyme-linked lectinsorbent assay to monitor the shift in polysaccharide composition in bacterial biofilms. | an enzyme-linked lectinsorbent assay (ella) was developed for quantification and characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by 1- and 4-day biofilms of 10 bacterial strains isolated from food industry premises. peroxidase-labeled concanavalin a (cona) and wheat germ agglutinin (wga) were used, as they specifically bind to saccharide residues most frequently encountered in biofilms matrices: d-glucose or d-mannose for cona and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine or n-acetylneuraminic acid for ... | 2000 | 10788349 |
| a carotenogenic gene cluster from brevibacterium linens with novel lycopene cyclase genes involved in the synthesis of aromatic carotenoids. | the carotenogenic (crt) gene cluster from brevibacterium linens, a member of the commercially important group of coryneform bacteria, was cloned and identified. an expression library of b. linens genes was constructed and a fragment of the crt cluster was obtained by functional complementation of a colourless b. flavum mutant, screening transformed cells for production of a yellow pigment. subsequent screening of a cosmid library resulted in the cloning of the whole crt cluster from b. linens. a ... | 2000 | 10821176 |
| cholesterol oxidase: sources, physical properties and analytical applications. | since flegg (h.m. flegg, an investigation of the determination of serum cholesterol by an enzymatic method, ann. clin. biochem. 10 (1973) 79-84) and richmond (w. richmond, the development of an enzymatic technique for the assay of cholesterol in biological fluids, scand. j. clin. lab. invest. 29 (1972) 25; w. richmond, preparation and properties of a bacterial cholesterol oxidase from nocardia sp. and its application to enzyme assay of total cholesterol in serum, clinical chemistry 19 (1973) 135 ... | 2000 | 10822008 |
| salvage pathway for nad biosynthesis in brevibacterium ammoniagenes: regulatory properties of triphosphate-dependent nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase. | as the rate-limiting enzyme, catalyzing the first reaction in nad salvage synthesis, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (naprtase, ec 2.4.2.11) is of important interest for studies of intracellular pyridine nucleotide pool regulation. we have purified naprtase 520-fold from brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 without using an over-expression system by applying acid treatment, salt fractionation, ca-phosphate gel treatment, anion exchange column chromatography and size-exclusion gel filtratio ... | 2000 | 10825532 |
| development of an improved assay for purine nucleoside kinase activity in cell extracts and detection of inosine kinase activity in brevibacterium acetylicum atcc 953, related species, and corynebacterium flaccumfaciens atcc 6887. | an improved assay was developed to detect direct purine nucleoside phosphorylating activity in cell-free extracts. direct inosine phosphorylating activity was detected in 2 of 70 species tested. both activities, which depended on magnesium ion and atp, phosphorylated a hydroxyl group at the 5' position of inosine. the new assay was shown to be useful for screening of direct purine nucleoside phosphorylating activity and have the potential to detect inosine kinase in the presence of a background ... | 2000 | 10830490 |
| indolyl carboxylic acids by condensation of indoles with alpha-keto acids. | the novel indole derivatives 2,2-bis(3,3'-indolyl)propionic acid (1); 1,1,1,-tris(3,3',3"-indolyl)ethane (2); and 2,2-bis(3, 3'-indolyl)isocaproic acid (3) were isolated from solvent extracts of indole-supplemented supernatants of escherichia coli and corynebacteria. the compounds were also obtained by chemical synthesis: compounds 1 and 2 from indole and pyruvic acid and compound 3 from indole and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid, following incubation at 37 degrees c in aqueous medium. tryptophan and ... | 2000 | 10843566 |
| characterization of brevibacterium linens pigmentation using spectrocolorimetry. | spectrocolorimetry was used for the evaluation of brevibacterium linens pigmentation. a total of 23 strains of brevibacterium linens, from various sources, were plated onto solid agar media and their color coordinates were measured and expressed by the l*a*b* colorimetric system. all the strains were located along a straight line with a hue of 66 degrees (orange color). the effect of light exposure versus storage in the dark was also investigated using this approach. three groups with distinct b ... | 2000 | 10868681 |
| simultaneous identification of two cyclohexanone oxidation genes from an environmental brevibacterium isolate using mrna differential display. | the technique of mrna differential display was used to identify simultaneously two metabolic genes involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone in a new halotolerant brevibacterium environmental isolate. in a strategy based only on the knowledge that cyclohexanone oxidation was inducible in this strain, the mrna population of cells exposed to cyclohexanone was compared to that of control cells using reverse transcription-pcr reactions primed with a collection of 81 arbitrary oligonucleotides. th ... | 2000 | 10894733 |
| genetic fingerprinting of brevibacterium linens by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and ribotyping. | members of brevibacterium linens display physiological features that are relevant for cheese production. the genomes of five b. linens strains deposited on culture collections were compared by examining large restriction fragments on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and detection of polymorphism at the level of 16s rrna genes. pulsed-field analysis with the endonucleases drai and asni showed a characteristic restriction profile for each strain and allowed the calculation of genome sizes ranging ... | 2000 | 10919399 |
| propionicin sm1, a bacteriocin from propionibacterium jensenii df1: isolation and characterization of the protein and its gene. | we purified a bacteriocin from the cell-free supernatant of propionibacterium jensenii df1 isolated from swiss raw milk, and named it propionicin sm1. the heat-stable protein was strongly bactericidal against p. jensenii dsm20274. on the basis of the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein, a degenerate oligonucleotide probe was designed to locate and clone the corresponding gene of p. jensenii df1. it hybridized exclusively with the df1l-resident plasmid plme106, but not with chr ... | 2000 | 10930068 |
| brevibacterium casei sepsis in an 18-year-old female with aids. | brevibacterium sp. was isolated from the blood of an acutely ill 18-year-old female with aids. the isolate was identified as brevibacterium casei by use of carbohydrate assimilation tests. treatment was successful with intravenously administered ciprofloxacin. to our knowledge, this is the first report of sepsis caused by b. casei in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient. | 2000 | 10970420 |
| behavior of brevibacterium linens and debaryomyces hansenii as ripening flora in controlled production of smear soft cheese from reconstituted milk: growth and substrate consumption dairy foods. | experimental cheeses inoculated with debaryomyces hansenii and brevibacterium linens were ripened for 76 d under aseptic conditions. triplicate cheese-making trials were similar as a result of efficient control of the atmosphere. in all trials, d. hansenii grew rapidly during the first 2 d and then slowed, but growth remained exponential until d 10 (generation time around 70 h). total cell counts were higher than the number of viable cells, and after 10 d they remained around 3 x 10(9) yeast/g o ... | 2000 | 10984141 |
| behavior of brevibacterium linens and debaryomyces hansenii as ripening flora in controlled production of soft smear cheese from reconstituted milk: protein degradation. | model smear soft cheeses, prepared with debaryomyces hansenii and brevibacterium linens as ripening starters, were ripened under aseptic conditions. results of the cheese-making trials, in triplicate, were similar and showed similar patterns of protein degradation. in all of the trials, the acid-soluble nitrogen and nonprotein nitrogen (npn) indexes and nh3 concentrations of the rind were low until d 10. the acid-soluble nitrogen and npn of the rind then increased to 100 and 18% of total nitroge ... | 2000 | 10984142 |
| trehalose synthesis by sequential reactions of recombinant maltooligosyltrehalose synthase and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase from brevibacterium helvolum. | a dna fragment encoding two enzymes leading to trehalose biosynthesis, maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (bvmts) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (bvmth), was cloned from the nonpathogenic bacterium brevibacterium helvolum. the open reading frames for the two proteins are 2,331 and 1,770 bp long, respectively, and overlap by four nucleotides. recombinant bvmts, bvmth, and fusion gene bvmtsh, constructed by insertion of an adenylate in the overlapping region, were expressed in escherichi ... | 2000 | 11055902 |
| peritonitis due to brevibacterium otitidis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | brevibacterium otitidis is a coryneform rod and, as far as is known, is isolated only from infected ears. we report the first known case of peritonitis caused by b. otitidis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | 2000 | 11060116 |
| use of the parallax-quench method to determine the position of the active-site loop of cholesterol oxidase in lipid bilayers. | to elucidate the cholesterol oxidase-membrane bilayer interaction, a cysteine was introduced into the active site lid at position-81 using the brevibacterium enzyme. to eliminate the possibility of labeling native cysteine, the single cysteine in the wild-type enzyme was mutated to a serine without any change in activity. the loop-cysteine mutant was then labeled with acrylodan, an environment-sensitive fluorescence probe. the fluorescence increased and blue-shifted upon binding to lipid vesicle ... | 2000 | 11063575 |
| zinc biosorption by a zinc-resistant bacterium, brevibacterium sp. strain hzm-1. | a zinc-resistant bacterium, brevibacterium sp. strain hzm-1 which shows a high zn2+ -adsorbing capacity, was isolated from the soil of an abandoned zinc mine. kinetic analyses showed that zn2+ binding to hzm-1 cells follows langmuir isotherm kinetics with a maximum metal capacity of 0.64 mmol/g dry cells and an apparent metal dissociation constant of 0.34 mm. the observed metal-binding capacity was one of the highest values among those reported for known microbial zn2+ biosorbents. the cells cou ... | 2000 | 11092636 |
| diversity of l-methionine catabolism pathways in cheese-ripening bacteria. | enzymatic activities that could be involved in methanethiol generation in five cheese-ripening bacteria were assayed, and the major sulfur compounds produced were identified. l-methionine and alpha-keto-gamma-methyl-thio-butyric acid demethiolating activities were detected in whole cells and cell extracts (cfes) of all the bacteria tested. no l-methionine deaminase activity could be detected in any of the ripening bacteria and l-methionine aminotransferase was detected in cfes of brevibacterium ... | 2000 | 11097940 |
| survival rate of microbes after freeze-drying and long-term storage. | the survival rates of 10 species of microorganisms were investigated after freeze-drying and preserving in a vacuum at 5 degrees c. the survival rates varied with species. the survival rates immediately after freeze-drying were different among yeast, gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria, and the change in the 10-year survival rate was species-specific. the survival rate of yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae, was about 10% immediately after drying, and the rate did not decrease signifi ... | 2000 | 11161557 |
| stereochemical applications of the expression of the l-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase gene in escherichia coli. | the l-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (l-bdh) gene of brevibacterium saccharolyticum was strongly expressed in escherichia coli using the tac promoter. however, the stereospecificity of the resulting l-bdh was reduced. the region upstream of the meso-bdh gene of klebsiella pneumoniae was also involved in the expression of the b. saccharolyticum gene. however, in this case, the resulting l-bdh exhibited more stable stereospecificity. a stereospecificity recognition region was located within the rear ... | 2001 | 11169050 |
| a rate-limiting conformational change of the flavin in p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase is necessary for ligand exchange and catalysis: studies with 8-mercapto- and 8-hydroxy-flavins. | the fad of p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase (phbh) is known to exist in two conformations. the fad must be in the in-position for hydroxylation of p-hydroxybenzoate (pohb), whereas the out-position is essential for reduction of the flavin by nadph. in these investigations, we have used 8-mercapto-fad and 8-hydroxy-fad to probe the movement of the flavin in catalysis. under the conditions employed, 8-mercapto-fad (pk(a) = 3.8) and 8-hydroxy-fad (pk(a) = 4.8) are mainly anionic. the spectral characte ... | 2001 | 11170433 |
| a single gene for lycopene cyclase, phytoene synthase, and regulation of carotene biosynthesis in phycomyces. | previous complementation and mapping of mutations that change the usual yellow color of the zygomycete phycomyces blakesleeanus to white or red led to the definition of two structural genes for carotene biosynthesis. we have cloned one of these genes, carra, by taking advantage of its close linkage to the other, carb, responsible for phytoene dehydrogenase. the sequences of the wild type and six mutants have been established, compared with sequences in other organisms, and correlated with the mu ... | 2001 | 11172012 |
| interrelation between synthesis and uptake of ectoine for the growth of the halotolerant brevibacterium species jcm 6894 at high osmolarity. | the growth of a halotolerant brevibacterium sp. jcm 6894 was examined in the presence of compatible solutes such as glycine betaine, ectoine (2-methyl-4-carboxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine) and ectoine derivatives. the effect of competition between their uptake and synthesis in the cells was subjected to osmotic shift towards the higher salinity. among each solute examined the supplement of ectoine or hydroxyectoine exhibited a remarkable stimulation on the growth of strain jcm 6894, regardless ... | 2001 | 11229659 |
| assessment of the coloring strength of brevibacterium linens strains: spectrocolorimetry versus total carotenoid extraction/quantification. | brevibacterium linens is a major component of red-smear cheese microflora and imparts color to the cheese rind. the present study was done to evaluate carotenoid contents in 29 strains of this bacterium and to relate the color of the strains to the carotenoids present. a spectrocolorimeter was used to determine the color, and the carotenoid contents were determined by spectrophotorimetric measurement at 450 nm. regression analysis was carried out on the color values a*, b*, and c* to determine w ... | 2001 | 11233019 |
| cloning and expression of glucose 3-dehydrogenase from halomonas sp. alpha-15 in escherichia coli. | the gene encoding glucose 3-dehydrogenase (g3dh) from halomonas sp. alpha-15 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. an open reading frame of 1686 nucleotides was shown to encode g3dh. the flavine adenine dinucleotide binding motif was found in the n-terminal region of g3dh. the deduced primary structure of g3dh showed about 30% identity to sorbitol dehydrogenase from gluconobacter oxydans and 2-keto-d-gluconate dehydrogenases from erwinia herbicola and pantoea citrea. the folding predicti ... | 2001 | 11263965 |
| [clusterization of halophilic and halotolerant eubacteria using whole-cell protein electrophoresis data]. | total cell proteins of the nineteen halophilic and halotolerant eubacteria isolated from marine sediments and highly mineralized formation waters of oil fields were investigated by sds gel electrophoresis. the microorganisms studied, phenotypically identified as belonging to the genera dietzia, rhodococcus, staphylococcus, cytophaga, brevibacterium, and archangium, were found to form clearly distinguishable clusters (20-30% similarity at the generic level) on the dendrogram derived from electrop ... | 2000 | 11315673 |
| cholesterol oxidase from brevibacterium sterolicum. the relationship between covalent flavinylation and redox properties. | brevibacterium sterolicum possesses two forms of cholesterol oxidase, one containing noncovalently bound fad, the second containing a fad covalently linked to his(69) of the protein backbone. the functional role of the histidyl-fad bond in the latter cholesterol oxidase was addressed by studying the properties of the h69a mutant in which the fad is bound tightly, but not covalently, and by comparison with native enzyme. the mutant retains catalytic activity, but with a turnover rate decreased 35 ... | 2001 | 11359791 |
| oxygen access to the active site of cholesterol oxidase through a narrow channel is gated by an arg-glu pair. | cholesterol oxidase is a monomeric flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidation and isomerization of cholesterol to cholest-4-en-3-one. two forms of the enzyme are known, one containing the cofactor non-covalently bound to the protein and one in which the cofactor is covalently linked to a histidine residue. the x-ray structure of the enzyme from brevibacterium sterolicum containing covalently bound fad has been determined and refined to 1.7-a resolution. the active site consists of a cavity sealed ... | 2001 | 11397813 |
| isolation of ftsi and mure genes involved in peptidoglycan synthesis from corynebacterium glutamicum. | corynebacterium glutamicum is known to excrete large amounts of l-glutamic acid upon treatment by penicillin. however, the mechanism of l-glutamate overproduction by penicillin treatment is still unknown. a 5.3-kb hindiii fragment was isolated by directly introducing the c. glutamicum (brevibacterium lactofermentum) atcc 13869 gene library into the temperature-sensitive escherichia coli mure mutant and selecting temperature resistant clones. two open reading frames (orfs) were found in this frag ... | 2001 | 11398928 |
| microorganism selection and biosurfactant production in a continuously and periodically operated bioslurry reactor. | a continuous-flow reactor (cstr) and a soil slurry-sequencing batch reactor (ss-sbr) were maintained in 8l vessels for 180 days to treat a soil contaminated with diesel fuel (df). concentrations of candida tropicalis, brevibacterium casei, flavobacterium aquatile, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and pseudomonas fluorescens were determined using fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analysis. df removal (biological and volatile) and biosurfactant concentrations were measured. the ss-sbr encouraged the growth of ... | 2001 | 11406310 |
| response of sawmill workers to work-related airborne allergens. | the aim of this work was to determine the reactivity of sawmill workers to biological allergens associated with wood dust. allergological examinations by skin and precipitin tests were performed in 43 workers employed in a sawmill processing coniferous wood (pine), in 90 workers employed in two sawmills processing deciduous wood (oak), and in 32 healthy urban dwellers not exposed to organic dusts (referents). the skin test was performed by the intradermal method with the saline extracts of wood ... | 2001 | 11426929 |
| digested bacterial cell powder (dbcp) as a source of reduced-form folates for pigs: use of a trimethoprim-resistant strain and the bioavailability of folates in dbcp. | the production of digested bacterial cell powder (dbcp) as a source of reduced-form folates for pigs was studied. trimethoprim-resistant mutants of brevibacterium lactofermentum atcc 13869 accumulated a significantly higher amount of the reduced form of folate in the cells than the wild-type strain. dbcps were prepared from the resistant mutant strain and the wild-type strain. the utilization of the reduced-form of folate in dbcp was evaluated by measuring the plasma folate level after orally ad ... | 2001 | 11440122 |
| activities of gemifloxacin and five other antimicrobial agents against listeria monocytogenes and coryneform bacteria isolated from clinical samples. | the in vitro activities of gemifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, doxycycline, gentamicin, and vancomycin were evaluated against 15 listeria monocytogenes strains and 205 coryneform bacteria isolated from clinical samples. the percentages of strains inhibited by gemifloxacin at 0.5 microg/ml were 100% (l. monocytogenes), 93.3% (brevibacterium spp.), 90% (corynebacterium minutissimum), 42.5% (corynebacterium amycolatum), 20% (corynebacterium striatum), 12.5% (corynebacterium jeikeium), and 10% ... | 2001 | 11451706 |
| natural antibiotic susceptibility of recently established coryneform bacteria. | the natural susceptibility of 20 strains each of brevibacterium casei (formerly cdc coryneform groups b-1 and b-3), dermabacter hominis (formerly cdc coryneform groups 3 and 5), and turicella otitidis (formerly coryneform group anf-1-like) isolated from clinical specimens to 71 antibiotics was investigated. susceptibility testing was carried out with a microdilution procedure using h medium. all three species were naturally sensitive to tetracyclines, most aminoglycosides, carbapenems, macrolide ... | 2001 | 11453591 |
| identification and mutagenesis by allelic exchange of choe, encoding a cholesterol oxidase from the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi. | the virulence mechanisms of the facultative intracellular parasite rhodococcus equi remain largely unknown. among the candidate virulence factors of this pathogenic actinomycete is a secreted cholesterol oxidase, a putative membrane-damaging toxin. we identified and characterized the gene encoding this enzyme, the choe monocistron. its protein product, choe, is homologous to other secreted cholesterol oxidases identified in brevibacterium sterolicum and streptomyces spp. choe also exhibits signi ... | 2001 | 11466283 |
| amino acid catabolism in cheese-related bacteria: selection and study of the effects of ph, temperature and nacl by quadratic response surface methodology. | to screen the cystathionine lyase and l-methionine aminotransferase activities of cheese-related bacteria (lactococci, non-starter lactobacilli and smear bacteria) and to determine the individual and interactive effects of temperature, ph and nacl concentration on selected enzyme activities. | 2001 | 11473596 |
| tryptophan catabolism in brevibacterium linens as a potential cheese flavor adjunct. | attempts to develop a desirable reduced fat cheddar cheese are impeded by a propensity for flavor defects such as meaty-brothy, putrid, fecal, and unclean off-flavors in these products. recent studies suggest aromatic amino acid catabolism of starter, adjunct, and nonstarter lactic acid bacteria significantly impact off-flavor development. the objective of this study was to delineate pathways for catabolism of tryptophan (trp) in brevibacterium linens, a cheese flavor adjunct, and to determine t ... | 2001 | 11518299 |
| the cell division genes ftsq and ftsz, but not the three downstream open reading frames yfih, orf5 and orf6, are essential for growth and viability in brevibacterium lactofermentum atcc 13869. | the three orfs (yfih, orf5 and orf6) located downstream of the cell division genes ftsq and ftsz in brevibacterium lactofermentum were disrupted by single homologous recombination events between internal fragments of the corresponding genes and the chromosomal sequences. the phenotypes of the disrupted mutants were similar to that of the wild type, suggesting that these genes are dispensable for growth and viability. however, using different plasmid constructs, it was not possible to obtain disr ... | 2001 | 11523774 |
| characterization of 15 selected coccal bacteria isolated from antarctic rock and soil samples from the mcmurdo-dry valleys (south-victoria land). | approximately 1500 cultures of microorganisms were isolated from rocks and soils of the ross desert (mcmurdo-dry valleys). from these, 15 coccoid strains were chosen for more detailed investigation. they were characterized by morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomical properties. all isolates were gram-positive, catalase-positive and nonmotile. six strains showed red pigmentation and could be identified as members of the genera micrococcus (m. roseus, m. agilis) or deinococcus. in sp ... | 1988 | 11538335 |
| the involvement of cd14 in the activation of human monocytes by peptidoglycan monomers. | cell-wall components of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria induce the production of cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. these cytokines are the main mediators of local or systemic inflammatory reaction that can contribute to the development of innate immunity. | 2001 | 11545252 |
| high-level production of recombinant chicken interferon-gamma by brevibacillus choshinensis. | cytokines, such as interferon-gamma have been shown to have adjuvant and growth promoting activity in poultry and livestock and have the potential to be used as alternatives to antibiotics. we have developed an efficient system for commercial-scale synthesis of recombinant chicken interferon-gamma (chifn-gamma) using brevibacillus choshinensis as the host for protein production. the chifn-gamma expression vector, pncifn, was constructed using the novel escherichia coli-b. choshinensis shuttle ve ... | 2001 | 11570852 |
| purification and characterization of l-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase of brevibacterium saccharolyticum c-1012 expressed in escherichia coli. | the l-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase produced in e. coli jm109/plbd2-ctc was purified by 5 steps. the molecular mass of this enzyme was estimated at 110 kda and the subunit was measured to be 30 kda. the l-bdh had some differences from the bdhs from other sources in substrate specificity, pi value, ph stability, effects of divalent cations, and organic acids. | 2001 | 11577733 |
| interactions between yeasts and bacteria in the smear surface-ripened cheeses. | in the initial phase of ripening, the microflora of bacterial smear surface-ripened cheeses such as limburger, taleggio, brick, münster and saint-paulin and that of surface mould-ripened cheeses such as camembert and brie may be similar, but at the end of the ripening, bacteria such as brevibacterium spp., arthrobacter spp., micrococcus spp., corynebacterium spp. and moulds such as penicillium camemberti are, respectively, the dominant microorganisms. yeasts such as candida spp., cryptococcus sp ... | 2001 | 11589547 |
| brevibacterium paucivorans sp. nov., from human clinical specimens. | seven isolates from various human body sites displayed general chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics of the genus brevibacterium. this was corroborated by the 16s rrna gene sequence analysis of strain cf62t, showing a sequence similarity of 99% to brevibacterium mcbrellneri. however, dna-dna hybridization, a peculiar amino acid content of the cell wall and some phenotypic properties clearly suggested that these strains belong to a new species, for which the name brevibacterium paucivoran ... | 2001 | 11594599 |
| spectroscopic investigation of reduced protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase: charge-induced alterations in the active site iron coordination environment. | chemical reduction of the mononuclear ferric active site in the bacterial intradiol cleaving catecholic dioxygenase protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (3,4-pcd, brevibacterium fuscum) produces a high-spin ferrous center. we have applied circular dichroism (cd), magnetic circular dichroism (mcd), variable-temperature-variable-field (vtvh) mcd, x-ray absorption (xas) pre-edge, and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (exafs) spectroscopies to investigate the geometric and electronic structure of ... | 1999 | 11671125 |
| cloning and transcriptional characterization of two sigma factor genes, siga and sigb, from brevibacterium flavum. | using a dna fragment containing the principal sigma factor gene hrdb of streptomyces aureofaciens, we identified two sigma70-like genes in a library of brevibacterium flavum. sequence analysis of the complete genes revealed two orfs coding for gene products of 498 and 331 amino acid residues, which showed the greatest similarity to siga and sigb sigma factors from brevibacterium lactofermentum. we designated them similarly siga and sigb. transcription of b. flavum siga and sigb has been investig ... | 2001 | 11683358 |
| influence of adjunct cultures on ripening of reduced fat edam cheeses. | the influence of four adjunct cultures [brevibacterium linens (bl2), lactococcus lactis ssp. diacetylactis, lactobacillus helveticus (lh212), and lactobacillus reuteri (atcc 23272)] on chemical and sensory characteristics of reduced fat edam cheese was studied. the aminopeptidase activity of lactococcus lactis ssp. diacetylactis was higher than that of lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus reuteri, and brevibacterium linens, respectively. mean percent fat and moisture contents of reduced fat c ... | 2001 | 11699441 |
| aroma compound production in cheese curd by coculturing with selected yeast and bacteria. | the microorganisms involved in cheese ripening produce various volatile compounds and induce typical flavors that contribute to cheese variety. to investigate aroma compound generation of cheese microflora, we used a dynamic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. to obtain good sensitivity and repeatability of quantification, dynamic headspace conditions and sample preparation were first optimized and led to an extraction set up in which samples were heated at 60 degrees c and ... | 2001 | 11699442 |
| construction of a xylanase-producing strain of brevibacterium lactofermentum by stable integration of an engineered xysa gene from streptomyces halstedii jm8. | a xylanolytic strain of brevibacterium lactofermentum containing the streptomyces halstedii his-tagged xysa gene was generated. the new strain contains dna derived from s. halstedii, expresses xylanolytic activity, and was obtained by an integrative process mediated by a conjugative plasmid targeted to a dispensable chromosomal region located downstream from the essential cell division gene ftsz. the his-tagged xys1 enzyme was constitutively expressed under the control of the kan promoter from t ... | 2001 | 11722888 |
| comparative biology of incq and incq-like plasmids. | plasmids belonging to escherichia coli incompatibility group q are relatively small (approximately 5 to 15 kb) and able to replicate in a remarkably broad range of bacterial hosts. these include gram-positive bacteria such as brevibacterium and mycobacterium and gram-negative bacteria such as agrobacterium, desulfovibrio, and cyanobacteria. these plasmids are mobilized by several self-transmissible plasmids into an even more diverse range of organisms including yeasts, plants, and animal cells. ... | 2001 | 11729261 |
| h+-atpase defect in corynebacterium glutamicum abolishes glutamic acid production with enhancement of glucose consumption rate. | a mutant of corynebacterim glutamicum ('brevibacterium flayum') atcc14067 with a reduced h+-atpase activity, f172-8, was obtained as a spontaneous neomycin-resistant mutant. the atpase activity of strain f172-8 was reduced to about 25% of that of the parental strain. strain f172-8 was cultured in a glutamic-acid fermentation medium containing 100 g/l of glucose using ajar fermentor. it was found that glucose consumption per cell during the exponential phase was higher by 70% in the mutant than i ... | 2001 | 11762601 |
| phylogenetic studies on corynebacterium bovis isolated from bovine mammary glands. | coryneform bacteria are frequently isolated from bovine mastitis with the lipophilic species, and corynebacterium bovis is the most frequently isolated organism of this group. however, previous studies on the phylogeny of corynebacteria have incorporated only a single reference strain. we examined the phylogeny of c. bovis using 47 strains isolated from bovine mammary glands. phylogenetic studies were performed by direct sequencing of the 16s ribosomal rna and comparison to sequences of referenc ... | 2001 | 11768082 |
| expression of the genes coding for the xylanase xys1 and the cellulase cel1 from the straw-decomposing streptomyces halstedii jm8 cloned into the amino-acid producer brevibacterium lactofermentum atcc13869. | the xylanase ( xysa) and the cellulase ( cela1) genes from streptomyces halstedii jm8 were cloned into escherichia coli/ brevibacterium lactofermentum shuttle vectors and successfully expressed in both hosts when placed downstream from the kanamycin resistance promoter (pkan) from tn 5 but not when under the control of their own promoters. xylanase was secreted into the culture media of b. lactofermentum by removal of the same leader peptide as is removed in s. halstedii. the main difference bet ... | 2001 | 11797049 |
| biodiversity of the bacterial flora on the surface of a smear cheese. | the bacteria on the surface of a farmhouse smear-ripened cheese at four stages of ripening (4, 16, 23, and 37 days) from inoculated (i.e., deliberately inoculated with brevibacterium linens bl2) and noninoculated (not deliberately inoculated with b. linens bl2) cheese were investigated. the results show that, contrary to accepted belief, b. linens is not a significant member of the surface flora of smear cheese and no microbial succession of species occurred during the ripening of the cheeses. o ... | 2002 | 11823224 |
| characterization of an antibacterial peptide produced by brevibacterium linens. | the aim of this research was to investigate the antimicrobial activity produced by brevibacterium linens atcc 9175. | 2002 | 11849329 |
| [biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a preponderant brevibacterium]. | a preponderant brevibacterium was isolated from the sludge contaminated by coke-plantwaste water for a long time. the bacterium was effective on the degradation and transformation of anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene. the degradation process can be accelerated by ferric ions. 10 hours after aeration, the removing rates of anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene by the brevibacterium were about 75%, 87% and 62% respectively. 106 hours after aeration, the removing rates of total organic carbon (toc) ... | 2001 | 11855189 |
| l-methionine degradation potentialities of cheese-ripening microorganisms. | volatile sulphur compounds are major flavouring compounds in many traditional fermented foods including cheeses. these compounds are products of the catabolism of l-methionine by cheese-ripening microorganisms. the diversity of l-methionine degradation by such microorganisms, however, remains to be characterized. the objective of this work was to compare the capacities to produce volatile sulphur compounds by five yeasts, geotrichum candidum, yarrowia lipolytica, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyc ... | 2001 | 11928962 |
| [serological affinity of some species of nonpathogenic corynebacteria]. | serological peculiarities of the species strains corynebacterium glutamicum, c. ammoniagenes, c. vitaeruminis, c. variabilis and strain of corynebacterium sp. (brevibacterium stationis) ucm ac-719 have been investigated with the help of immunoenzyme analysis elisa with the use of mice immune serum, specific to c. ammoniagenes ucm ac-732t, c. vitaeruminis ucm ac-718t, c. variabilis ucm ac-717t, c. glutamicum ucm ac-733 and corynebacterium sp. ucm ac-719. it has been established that the species o ... | 2002 | 11944349 |
| intraspecific diversity of brevibacterium linens, corynebacterium glutamicum and rhodococcus erythropolis based on partial 16s rdna sequence analysis and fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy. | the intraspecific diversity of 31 strains of brevibacterium linens, 27 strains of corynebacterium glutamicum and 29 strains of rhodococcus erythropolis was determined by partial 16s rdna sequence analysis and fourier-transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy. as a prerequisite for the analyses, 27 strains derived from culture collections which had carried invalid or wrong species designations were reclassified in accordance with polyphasic taxonomical data. ft-ir spectroscopy proved to be a rapid ... | 2002 | 11988527 |
| identification of two gene clusters involved in cyclohexanone oxidation in brevibacterium epidermidis strain hcu. | brevibacterium epidermidis hcu can grow on cyclic ketones and alcohols as a sole carbon source. we have previously reported the identification of two cyclohexanone-induced bayer-villiger monooxygenase genes by mrna differential display. using the related technique of out-pcr, we have amplified large dna fragments flanking the two monooxygenase genes. two large gene clusters were sequenced. several orfs in each gene cluster encoded proteins homologous to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone oxidation e ... | 2002 | 12021799 |
| optimization of headspace solid-phase microextraction (spme) for the odor analysis of surface-ripened cheese. | fifty volatile compounds of surface smear-ripened cheese were detected and identified using headspace solid-phase microextraction (hs-spme) and vacuum distillation coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. changes in the headspace of aroma compounds were monitored over the whole packaging period (47 days) using the hs-spme method. initially, the concentration of methanethiol increased before reaching a plateau. this evolution could be linked to the growth of brevibacterium linens. during ... | 2002 | 12059164 |
| augmentation of nkt and nk cell-mediated cytotoxicity by peptidoglycan monomer linked with zinc. | peptidoglycan monomer (pgm), which was originally prepared by biosynthesis from culture fluids of penicillin-treated brevibacterium divaricatum, is an immunostimulator, the activities of which might be improved by addition of zinc (zn) to the basic molecule. | 2002 | 12061425 |
| determination of total cholesterol in serum by cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase immobilized and co-immobilized on to arylamine glass. | commercial cholesterol esterase from bovine pancreas and cholesterol oxidase from brevibacterium recombinant type have been immobilized individually and co-immobilized on to arylamine glass beads (pore diameter, 55 nm) through diazotization. a method for discrete analysis of total cholesterol in serum was developed employing individually immobilized cholesterol esterase (0.36 mg/50 mg of glass beads) and cholesterol oxidase (0.41 mg/50 mg of glass beads) or co-immobilized cholesterol esterase an ... | 2002 | 12074697 |