| effect of activated nitrofurans on dna. | enzymically activated nitrofurazone reacts with co-valently closed circular dna (derived from escherichia coli minicells carrying lambdadv) to give at least two kinds of damage: breaks which are detected on neutral sucrose gradients and alkali-labile lesions in dna which are converted to breaks when the dna is subsequently treated with alkali. dna, isolated from nimicells exposed to the drug, also contains lesions which are converted to breaks upon treatment with endonuclease preparations obtain ... | 1975 | 1100114 |
| synthesis of a chemically reactive analog of the nonsense codon u-g-a. its reaction with ribosomes of escherichia coli. | nitrophenylated 5'-uridylic acid could be employed as primer in a polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase (micrococcus luteus) reaction to yield 5'-nitrophenylated pu-g-a. after reduction of the nitrophenyl moiety and subsequent bromoacetylation, a 5'-bromoacetamido-phenyl-phosphorylated u-g-a was obtained, which could be used as an affinity label for the ribosomal binding site of the nonsense codon. if freshly prepared active ribosomes were employed in the incubation mixtures, the u-g-a analo ... | 1975 | 1100504 |
| a simple test system for the separation of staphylococci from micrococci. | a simple test system for the separation of staphylococci from micrococci is described, which is based on the ability of staphylococci to produce acid aerobically from glycerol in the presence of 0.4 mug of erythromycin per ml and on their sensitivity to lysostaphin. | 1975 | 1100662 |
| specificity of deoxyribonucleic acid transmethylase induced by bacteriophage t2. i. nucleotide sequences isolated from tmicrococcus luteus dna methylated in vitro. | (deoxyribonucleic acid from micrococcus luteus was methylated in vitro in the presence of s-adenosyl-(14c methyl)methionine with a dna methyltransferase purified from extracts of te. coli infected with bacteriophage t2. the labelled dna was degraded by enzymatic and specific chemical methods and the resulting short oligonucleotides were separated and characterized. tthe analytical data permit the conclusion that the tdna transmethylase reacts specifically with n-g-a-t-c-n sequences in which it c ... | 1975 | 1101223 |
| a comparison of tests for nitrate reduction. | 504 strains of different bacteria have been tested for nitrate reduction by a conventional method and two microtests. a quick microtest for nitrate reduction is suggested allowing to read results after 1 hr cultivation. nitrate reduction is a valuable test particularly for the species differentiation of the genera bacillus, micrococcus, pseudomonas, alcalignes, moraxella, and other ones. | 1975 | 1101581 |
| physical and coding properties of poly(5-aminouridylic acid) and of 5-aminouridine-containing trinucleotides. | this report concerns the synthesis of poly(5-aminouridylic acid) and of 5-aminouridine-containing trinucleotides. starting from 5-aminouridine the nucleoside 5'-phosphate was prepared enzymatically with carrot phosphotransferase whereas the nucleoside 5'-diphosphate was prepared chemically and polymerised with polynucleotide phosphorylase. the aminouridine-containing trinucleotides were prepared by known enzymatic procedures. besides an increase of stability in the secondary structure poly(nh25u ... | 1975 | 1102784 |
| a rapid and accurate procedure for assaying dna polymerase, rna polymerase, or ribosome dependent protein synthesis. | | 1975 | 1103650 |
| repair of double-strand breaks in micrococcus radiodurans. | micrococcus radiodurans has been shown to sustain double-strand breaks in its dna after exposure to x-radiation. following sublethal doses of x-rays (200 krad in oxygen or less), the cells were able to repair these breaks, and an intermediate fast-sedimenting dna component seemed to be involved in the repair process. | 1975 | 1103867 |
| a replica-plating method for the identification of micrococcaceae. | a procedure of replica plating is described whereby all isolated colonies of micrococcaceae can be identified with relative ease and rapidity. the method is as accurate as the recommended procedure, but permits a more complete and economical analysis of cutaneous flora in large-scale surveys. in this system, baird-parker carbohydrate medium was found somewhat superior to standard medium as was incubation at 35 degrees c instead of the customary 30 degrees c. baird-parker's broth medium for aceto ... | 1975 | 1104117 |
| [antistaphylococcal activity of gentamicin]. | a review of the literature suggests the following conclusions: 1) since its first practical use in 1965, namely over the past 10 years, there has been no drop in activity of gentamicin on staphylococcus aureus and on numerous other staphylococcus and/or micrococcus species. 2) in comparison with the other aminoglycosidic antibiotics employed up to the present, i.e. streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, amminosidine, and framycetin, gentamicin has demonstrated a much superior antistaphylococcic acti ... | 1975 | 1105242 |
| beryllium-induced misincorporation by a dna polymerase: a possible factor in beryllium toxicity. | | 1975 | 1111533 |
| drug screening by enzymatic immunoassay with the centrifugal analyzer. | | 1975 | 1112024 |
| isolation and properties of a recombination-deficient mutant of micrococcus radiodurans. | a mutant of micrococcus radiodurans which is deficient in recombination has been isolated after treatment of the wild type with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. we have called this mutant micrococcus radiodurans rec30. the efficiency of recombination in this mutant, as measured by transformation, is less than 0.01% that of the wild type. it is 15 times more sensitive to the lethal action of ultraviolet radiation, 120 times more sensitive to ionizing radiation, and 300 times more sensitive t ... | 1975 | 1112771 |
| the characterization of mannan of micrococcus lysodeikticus as an acidic lipopolysaccharide. | ghosts of micrococcus lysodeikticus contain a mannan that is not removed by intensive washing procedures. purified mannan, isolated by extraction of whole cells with hot, aqueous phenol, binds to membranes in vitro. mannan also binds to deae-cellulose and migrates toward the anode in neutral and sodium dodecyl sulfate disc gel electrophoresis. in aqueous solution mannan has an apparent molecular weight of 10-6, but in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate its apparent molecular weight is 50,000 ... | 1975 | 1112808 |
| study of the loosely bound non-histone chromatin proteins. stimulation of deoxyribonucleic acid-templated ribonucleic acid synthesis by a specific deoxyribonucleic acid-binding phosphoprotein fraction. | the loosely bound chromatin proteins of ehrlich ascites hyperdiploid cells have been prepared by extraction of chromatin with 0.35 m nacl. sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of the 0.35 m nacl-soluble chromatin proteins reveals high heterogeneity with a molecular weight range of 10,000 to 170,000. the 0.35 m nacl-soluble chromatin proteins contain many components similar to the more tightly bound non-histone chromatin proteins complex with the loosely bound chromatin proteins by gradient ... | 1975 | 1112817 |
| involvement of a recombination repair function in disciplined cell division of micrococcus radiodurans. | when a culture of the temperature-sensitive dna mutant micrococcus radiodurans tsi is irradiated with a sublethal dose of ultraviolet or ionizing radiation and is plated immediately, all the bacteria give rise, after 36 h incubation, to colonies identical to those derived from unirradiated bacteria. however, when the irradiated population is held at its restrictive temperature (39 degrees c) (restrictive temperature holding) for 3 h before being plated, less than 0-1% of the surviving bacteria g ... | 1975 | 1113082 |
| influence of temperature and salt concentration on the growth of a facultatively halophilic "micrococcus" sp. | growth characteristics of a facultatively halophilic strain of micrococcus, capable of growth in medium containing no added nacl and in medium containing 5.5 m nacl, were studied over a range of salt concentrations and temperatures. optimal growth occurred at 35c in a medium containing 1.0 m nacl. in a medium containing 0.1 m nacl, growth only occurred if the incubation temperature was less than 30c. no growth occurred if kcl, licl, nh4cl, mgcl2, or sucrose was substituted for nacl at 35c. a ree ... | 1975 | 1116036 |
| letter: radiosensitization of micrococcus radiophilus. | | 1975 | 1118540 |
| the survival and growth of microorganisms in mascara during use. | over 150 mascaras representing eight popular brands were examined for their susceptibility to microbial contamination during their use by study group members. additional mascaras from patients with symptoms and clinical findings of long-term blepharitis also were investigated. early in the study, two brands without preservatives supported reproducing populations of microorganisms, including potential eye pathogens. these products, as currently manufactured, were recalcitrant to microbial attack. ... | 1975 | 1119519 |
| amino sugar and amino acid constituents of the cell walls of the extremely halophilic cocci. | cell wall hydrolysates of nine strains of extremely halophilic cocci all contained gylcine, glucosamine, galactosamine, and gulosaminuronic acid. muramic acid was not present in any of the strains. | 1975 | 1119892 |
| failure of duplexes based on polylaurusin (poly(l), "polyformycin b") to induce interferon. | | 1975 | 1120073 |
| further characterization of the polynucleotide phosphorylase of micrococcus luteus. | the purification of polynucleotide phosphorylase from micrococcus luteus by chromatography on phosphocellulose colums is described. this procedure offers several advantages over previous procedures. previously determined molecular weights for form-i enzyme and form-t enzyme derived from form-i by limited tryptic hydrolysis were confirmed as 2.7 and 2.3 times 10-5, respectively. form-i appears homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge, but multiple active protein species are separable by polyacrylamide ... | 1975 | 1121422 |
| effect of mineral elements on the production of threonine by micrococcus glutamicus. | | 1975 | 1121932 |
| [lysozyme content in the blood serum and saliva of carriers of pethogenic staphylococci]. | 90 serum and 273 saliva samples from pathogenic staphylococci carriers and healthy persons (control group) were studied. it was found that the state of pathogenic staphylococci carrying on the nose mucosa had no significant effect on the lysozyme levels in the blood serum, while assisted an increase in the content of the substance in the saliva. increased lysozyme levels in the saliva of the pathogenic staphylococci carriers showed no clear connections with lysozyme production by the pathogens. | 1975 | 1122128 |
| postreplication dna repair in ultraviolet-irradiated micrococcus luteus. | postreplication dna repair was studies in three strains of micrococcus luteus having different sensitivity to ultraviolet light: a wild type atcc 5698, a ultraviolet-sensitive mutant g7, deficient in the incision step of repair and in ultraviolet-resistant transformant obtained from g7 by treatment with dna of wild type cells, trf(g7). it is shown that the g7 mutant has a low capacity for repair of postreplication dna gaps compared with the wild type or trf(g7). it seems to be that postreplicati ... | 1975 | 1122324 |
| changes in cutaneous flora after wet occlusion. | aerobic flora from wet-occluded forearms of six volunteers was sampled the day before treatment, on the 3rd day when dressings were removed, and daily, when possible, for 8 days thereafter. erythema was not present. all bacterial colonies appearing on appropriate dilution plates were identified with the aid of a replica-plating technique. flora of each individual increased to over 10-4 colony-forming units/cm2 as a result of wet-occlusion, but counts rapidly fell by about 10-2 units once dressin ... | 1975 | 1122426 |
| knee joint infections with staphylococcus aureus and micrococcus species. | in rabbit knees 600 staphylococcus aureus organisms produced progressive infection in 50 per cent of the knees injected, whereas 5.3 times 10-7 micrococcus species caused only transient colonization of the joints. methicillin, cephacetrile, and clindamycin administered before injection of the staphylococci gave protection. stainless-steel particles in the knee did not increase susceptibility to infection from injected micrococci but did make established micrococcal infections more persistent. kn ... | 1975 | 1123370 |
| productive and unproductive lysozyme-chitosaccharide complexes. equilibrium measurements. | a method to determine both productive and unproductive lysozyme-chitosaccharide complexes has previously not been available. the method described in this paper uses a dye, biebrich scarlet, which forms a 1:1 complex with only part of the substrate binding site. complex formation perturbs the spectrum of the compound and thus its dissociation constant can be determined (k-d equals 0.13 mm). the dissociation constants for three major enzyme-chitooligosaccharide complexes have also been determined: ... | 1975 | 1125174 |
| basis for the susceptibility of several algae to microbial decomposition. | partially purified cellulase and a cellulase-containing polygalacturonase but notlysozyme extensively degraded the walls of chlamydomonas reinhardtii and ulothrix fimbrata and converted intact cells of the algae to spheroplasts. a streptomycete cellulase cochromatographed with the enzyme system releasing glucose from walls of these organisms, and this preparation also converted the algal cells to spheroplasts. the dominant constituent in the walls was carbohydrate, and glucose and small quantiti ... | 1975 | 1125856 |
| differentiation of arthrobacter soil isolates and named strains from other bacteria by reations on dye-containing media. | twenty-five gram-negative and 62 gram-positive bacterial cultures, of which 37 werearthrobacters, were tested, using a multipoint inoculation device, for responses on varying concentrations of 35 dyes. both selective (growth vs. no growth) and differential (dye absorption) responses were obtained. it was possible to differentiate the arthrobacters from the other gram-positive bacteria tested as well as to distinguish separately each arthrobacter-named strain. the results indicated that dyes have ... | 1975 | 1125859 |
| a genetic and biochemical study of histidine biosynthesis in micrococcus luteus. | histidine auxotrophs of micrococcus luteus strain atcc 27141 were induced by treatment of the parent strain with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. auxotrophs were biochemically characterized by examining culture accumulations of histidine intermediates, using paper chromatography and the bratton-marshall test, and growth responses to l-histidinol. his(ig) mutants failed to accumulate pauly-positive imidazoles; his(eahf) mutants accumulated 5-amino-1-ribosyn-4-imidazole carboxamide; hisb muta ... | 1975 | 1126626 |
| poly(8-bromoadenylic acid): synthesis and characterization of an all-syn polynucleotide. | poly(8-bromoadenylic acid) (poly(8-bra)) has been synthesized by polymerization of 8-bradp with polynucleotide phosphorylase in the presence of oligonucleotide primers. in the absence of oligonucleotides, significant (i.e. more than 1%) polymerization does not occur. oligo(i) primer was removed selectively from the polymer with ribonuclease t1 to yield the homopolymer, poly(8-bra). end group analysis, based on quantitative infrared measurement of the (ip)3i-primed polymer, indicates an average d ... | 1975 | 1126940 |
| coagulase-negative staphylococci and micrococci in urinary tract infections. | one hundred catalase-positive, coagulase-negative, gram-positive cocci isolated in significant numbers from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections, provisionally subdivided by their sensitivity to nonoviocin, were classified according to a slightly model version of baird-parker's schemes (1965 and 1972). it appeared that strains of micrococcus were nearly all of sub-group 3, and that these were important pathogens of young women presenting with urinary infections in general practice ... | 1975 | 1127120 |
| the presence of an endonuclease acting on uv-irradiated and depurinized dna in cells of micrococcus lysodeikticus. | enzymatic activity, hydrolyzing dna treated with beta-isopropyl-bis-beta-chloroethylamine (hn2-dna), hn2-dna exposed at 50 degrees for 1 h, and dna treated with acid, to acid-soluble fragments was found in extracts from cells of m. lysodeikticus. the endonucleolytic component ofthe indicated activity manifests chromatographic properties on deae- and cm-cellulose, close to those for uv-endonuclease. activity is manifested by uv-irradiated dna, proflavin, and cyanide. two electrophoretically homog ... | 1975 | 1128505 |
| a spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of lysozyme in human tears: description and evaluation of the method and screening of 60 healthy subjects. | a spectrophotometric micromethod for lysozyme determination in tears is described, which enables the estimation of very low concentrations of lysozyme in individual tear samples, and which can be performed rapidly. the method is based on collecting the tears by a microcapillary tube and diluting them in a special manner which increases the volume of the tear sample, thus making possible analysis of other tear constituents in addition to lysozyme. lysozyme activity in tears is determined by reduc ... | 1975 | 1132945 |
| bacitracin synthetase. | | 1975 | 1134372 |
| membrane protein synthesis in micrococcus lysodeikticus and selective effect of chloramphenicol. | micrococcus lysodeikticus cytoplasmic membranes labeled with ]-14c]arginine plus [-14c]-threonine were prepared and subjected to mild washing treatments to fractionate membrane proteins. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of total membranes, in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, results in the separation of 28-30 bands of labeled protein. three peaks of protein show higher specific radioactivity than the others. chloramphenicol at 100 mug/ml inhibits the incorporation of labeled precursors ... | 1975 | 1139400 |
| proceedings: bile acids inhibit lysozyme activity. | | 1975 | 1140642 |
| properties of chromatin subunits from developing trout testis. | when a sample of trout testis nuclei is digested with micrococcal nuclease, the dna is cleaved almost entirely to discrete fragments approximately 200 base pairs long and multiples thereof. the same dna fragments can be obtained when isolated chromatin, as opposed to intact nuclei, is nuclease digested. these dna fragments can also be found in discrete chromatin "subunits" isolated from nuclease-digested nuclei. sedimentation through sucrose gradients or velocity sedimentation in an analytical u ... | 1975 | 1141223 |
| induction of mutation to streptomycin resistance in micrococcus radiodurans. | no detectable induction of mutation to streptomycin resistance could be used in wild-type micrococcus radiodurans and its radiation-sensitive and super-resistant mutants by ionizing or uv-radiation. n-methyl-n'-nito-n-nitrosoguanidine (ntg) was mutagenically active. the results suggest that repair of radiation-damaged dna in micrococcus radiodurans is mutation-proof. | 1975 | 1143295 |
| stereochemical basis of heat stability in bacterial ferredoxins and in haemoglobin a2. | | 1975 | 1143325 |
| the base-pairing specificity of cellulose-pdt9. | the stability of the interaction of oligoadenylates, containing single nucleotide substitutions, with cellulose-pdt9 has been studied by thermal elution. in the case of oligodeoxyriboadenylates, the replacement of an internal da by dc, dg or dt caused destabilization. in the case of oligoriboadenylates, replacement of an internal a residue by c or u resulted in a significantly lesser destabilization. the results indicate that caution should be exercised in extrapolation of data on the specificit ... | 1975 | 1144058 |
| facultative anaerobic bacteria in the digestive tract of chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) maintained in fresh water under defined culture conditions. | the bacterial flora in the digestive tract of chum salmon growing in fresh water under defined and controlled culture conditions was examined both qualitatively and quantitatively. the predominant species present in the digestive tract were identified as aeromonas, with aeromonas hydrophila being the most common isolate. these aeromonads were not isolated from the diet. other bacterial species commonly isolated included bacillus, enterobacter, nonpigmented pseudomonads, micrococcus, and acinetob ... | 1975 | 1147605 |
| interaction of lead and bacterial lipids. | studies on the interaction of lead with lipid components indicate that individual lipids do not provide specific stable binding sites for lead, but that natural membrane lipid mixtures may simply provide an environment suitable for nucleation of lead. | 1975 | 1147606 |
| influence of divalent cations upon complement-mediated enzyme release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | the complement component, c5a provokes the selective release of granule-associated enzymes from the intact, viable cytochalasin b-treated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) in the absence of phagocytosis or cellular adherence to surfaces. consquently, in this experimental system the influence of divalent cations on these two processes can be disregarded and their effects on enzymes secretion can be studied directly. cytochalasin b-treated pmn exposed to c5a in calcium and magnesium-free me ... | 1975 | 1151072 |
| physical foundations of the probability of biogenesis. | for bigenesis-a particular kind of systmogenesis-to occur, certain physical and informative requirements were indispensable, especially: (1) the selforganization of new kind of negative feed-backs supported by the trans-substantial channels of information. these were certainly at first organized only on the submolecular level, each of them consisting of many charge-transfer connections. the accomplishment of requirement (1) depends on (2) and (3): (2) the organization of a sufficiently complex s ... | 1975 | 1153182 |
| characterization of micrococcaceae from the urinary tract. | two hundred and seven urinary strains of staphylococci and micrococci were classified biochemically according to baird-parker (1963) and by means of a simplified schema. one hundred and thirteen strains belonged to staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermids or s. saprophyticus (64 strains) according to the simplified schema, respectively to baird-parker's sub-groups si, sii or m3. s. saprophyticus was isolated from young, female out-patients, was relatively resistant to novobiocin and contained poly a ... | 1975 | 1155122 |
| properties of the ribosomes of antibiotic producers: effects thiostrepton and micrococcin on the organisms which produce them. | ribosomes of streptomyces azureus, which produces thiostrepton, are resistant to thiostrepton by virtue of being unable to bind the antibiotic. these ribosomes are also resistant to a number of other antibiotics (the thiostrepton group) which may share a common ribosomal binding site and a common mode of action with thiostrepton. conversely, bacillus pumilis and a strain of micrococcus, which produce the (probably identical) antibiotics micrococcin p and micrococcin, respectively, possess riboso ... | 1975 | 1155929 |
| incorporation of 14c-thymidine in human platelets: possible relation with a diffuse infection of micrococci in the l form. | following the results of previous researches suggesting that platelets might carry microbial forms, the incorporation of 14c-thymidine in suspensions of platelets from 500 normal human subjects has been taken under examination. the results have always yielded positive data even though with marked differences of a quantitative order from a case to another. the hypothesis that such an activity might be the consequence of a synthesis of dna in the mitochondria had to be excluded. the peculiar relat ... | 1975 | 1158650 |
| association of lack of cell wall teichuronic acid with formation of cell packets of micrococcus lysodeikticus (luteus) mutants. | morphological mutants of micrococcus lysodeikticus (luteus) were isolated by treatment with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. they occurred on plates in large, regular cell packets, whereas the parent cells usually grew as groups of two or four cells or as short chains. the mutants required a much higher concentration of mg2+ for growth than the parent cells. the concentrations of mg2+ and other components of the culture medium tested did not significantly affect the morphology of either the ... | 1975 | 1158845 |
| proceedings: micrococcal urinary infections in young women. | | 1975 | 1165308 |
| lipolytic activity of staphylococci and micrococci. | | 1975 | 1168399 |
| purification and some properties of the soluble and membrane-bound adenosine deaminases of micrococcus sodonensis atcc 11880 and their distribution within the family micrococcacea. | in micrococcus sodonensis and some other micrococcus species, adenosien deaminase is present both as a membran-bound and a soluble enzyme; the membran-bound adenosine deaminase can be extracted with n-butanol, and may account for up to 5% of the total cellular adenosine deaminase activity. in a number oc comparative tests, no differences between the two enzyme forms could be found, thus they are believed to be similar molecular species; the purified membran-bound or soluble enzyme had a molecula ... | 1975 | 1168529 |
| [micrococcus subgroup 3 (staph. albus)--a common cause of urinary tract infection in women]. | | 1975 | 1168833 |
| lysozyme: evidence for effects on chick fibroblasts, hela cells, and their products. | | 1975 | 1169945 |
| studies on interaction between poly(l-lysine58, l-phenylalanine42) and deoxyribonucleic acids. | a random copolymer of 58% l-lysine and 42% l-phenylalanine, poly(lys58phe42), was used as a model protein for studying the role of phenylalanine residues in protein-dna interaction. complexes between this copolypeptide and dna, made by direct mixing, were studied by absorbance, circular dichroism (cd), fluorescence, and thermal denaturation. complex formation results in an increase in absorbance, and an enhancement, red-shift, and broadening of phenylalanine fluorescence. the fluorescence enhanc ... | 1975 | 1172443 |
| bacteriology of normal and infected conjunctiva. | the conjunctivas of 273 inflamed eyes were cultured by both aerobic and anaerobic techniques. isolations were obtained from 267 (97.8%) of the eyes. aerobic organisms were isolated from 237 (86.8%) of the conjunctivas. staphylococcus aureus from 63 (23.1%) of the diseased eyes was the aerobic pathogen most often isolated. anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 172 (63.0%) of the conjunctivas. propionibacterium acnes was isolated from 126 (46.2%) of the conjunctivas, and peptostreptococcus species ... | 1975 | 1176598 |
| [bacteriophages from micrococci (author's transl)]. | using 14 indicator strains we investigated the possibilities of isolation of bacteriophages from micrococci (two strains of m. luteus, three strains of m. varians and one strain of m. roseus). three phages were released after mitomycin c-induction, four phages after uv-rays-induction. these seven strains seem to be the first known bacteriophages, which were released from naturally lysogenic micrococci. induction experiments with beta-propiolacton and dimethylsulfate as well as tests of spontaneo ... | 1975 | 1179882 |
| peptococcus (s. micrococcus) indolicus. the demonstration of two varieties of hemolysin forming strains. | | 1975 | 1180185 |
| immunoadjuvant activities of cell walls and their water-soluble fractions prepared from various gram-positive bacteria. | the cell walls from all 21 species of gram-positive bacteria examined, except lysozyme-susceptible micrococcus lysodeikticus (nctc 2665) and lysozyme-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis (atcc 155), were found to be definitely adjuvant-active in both stimulation of increased serum antibody levels and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to ovalbumin when administered to guinea-pigs as water-in-oil emulsions. using various cell wall lytic enzymes, the immunoadjuvant principles were solubili ... | 1975 | 1180872 |
| observations on the core particle of hepatitis b virus and the dna polymerase associated with hepatitis b antigen. | several methods are presented for the purification of core particles of hepatitis b virus (hbv) from nuclei of infected human hepatocytes. no endogenous dna polymerase activity was found in any of the preparations of core particles even when circular double and single stranded dnas were used as exogenous templates. the dna polymerase activity associated with serum hb ag was not stimulated by circular dnas. sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) at concentrations of greater than or equal to 0.1% inhibited ... | 1975 | 1181929 |
| inhibition of cardiolipin synthesis by end-products and other complex lipids in membrane preparations of micrococcus lysodeikticus. | using membrane preparations of micrococcus lysodeikticus, the end-products of cardiolipin synthesis, cardiolipin and glycerol, were shown to inhibit cardiolipin synthetase at several concentrations. other phospholipids tested for inhibitory effects, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidic acid were also shown to inhibit cardiolipin synthesis. phosphatidic acid was considerably more inhibitory than cardiolipin, phosphatidylethanolamine was similar to cardiolipin, and pho ... | 1975 | 1182589 |
| the effect of ionizing radiation on the antibiotic sensitivity of micrococcus radiodurans strains ri and rii5. | | 1975 | 1184224 |
| the estimation of affinity constants for the binding of model peptides to dna by equilibrium dialysis. | the binding of lysine model peptides of the type lys-x-lys, lys-x-x-lys and lys-x-x-x-lys (x = different aliphatic and aromatic amino acids) has been studied by equilibrium dialysis. it was shown that the strong electrostatic binding forces generated by protonated amino groups of lysine can be distinguished from the weak forces stemming from neutral and aromatic spacer amino acids. the overall binding strength of the lysine model peptides is modified by these weak binding forces and the apparent ... | 1975 | 1187347 |
| affinity chromatography of succinate dehydrogenase from the membranes of micrococcus lysodeikticus. | isolated plasma membranes of micrococcus lysodeikticus were subjected to extraction with n-butanol in a two-phase system. succinate dehydrogenase obtained in the soluble aqueous phase after high-speed centrifugation was resolved by separation on calcium phosphate gel and affinity chromatography. the affinity ligand used was oxaloacetate and elution from the column was achieved with 0.5 m succinate. in the final product there was an eleven-fold reduction in the 32p-lipid to protein ratio and a fo ... | 1975 | 1187557 |
| [formation of primary alcohols and palmitic acid in the microbiological oxidation of hexadecane]. | forty seven microbial strains oxidized hexadecane to form primary cetol and palmitic acid. the maximum quantitiy of the compounds was accumulated in the exponential phase of growing cultures (for 72 hours) and for 6 to 16 hours of incubation of resting cell suspensions. candida yeast were shown by the gas-liquid chromatography method to be the most active producers of cetol. | 1975 | 1187568 |
| [effect of the stereoisomers of glutamic acid on the vital activity of auxotrophic mutant producers of lysine]. | studies of l, d and dl-forms of glutamic acid as the sole nitrogen source or as a supplement to the major nitrogen source--ammonium sulphate have demonstrated that in the first case all forms of glutamic acid are assimilated by auxotrophic mutants--lysine producers. however, the lysine synthesis was very low, when l-glutamic acid was used as the only nitrogen source. glutamic acid at a concentration of 0.01 m applied as a supplement to the major source of nitrogen acted as a stimulator of lysine ... | 1975 | 1187569 |
| [comparison of classical disinfection of hands and hexadespon]. | | 1975 | 1188501 |
| bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide on spacecraft isolates. | solutions of 3, 10, and 15% hydrogen peroxide were found to have pronounced bactericidal effects, as a function of time of exposure, on sporeformers and non-sporeformers isolated from spacecraft. | 1975 | 1190768 |
| competitive ability of amylolytic bacteria in activated sludge. | shifts were induced into the microbial community of activated sludge by the pulse addition of soluble starch. the subsequent changes of amylolytic and proteolytic microbial populations were recorded. four amylolytic strains were isolated and characterized with regard to carrying capacity, specific surface and growth kinetics. the competitive ability of these strains was studied by means of two-member competition experiments. these experiments were analysed according to the lotka-volterra model a ... | 1975 | 1190951 |
| substrate specificity of micrococcus luteus uv endonuclease and its overlap with dna photolyase activity. | the action of an endonuclease from micrococcus luteus that operates on uv damage in dna overlaps with that of dna photolyase from yeast: homo- and heterocyclobutane dipyrimidines in dna are substrates for both enzymes, but pyrimidine adducts or the "spore photoproduct" in dna are not. as expected from this overlap, the action of the two enzymes is mutually interfering: single-strand nicks introduced by the endonuclease effectively preclude photoreactivation; conversely, formation of a photolyase ... | 1975 | 1191174 |
| the repair of dna double-strand breaks in mammalian cells and the organization of the dna in their chromosomes. | the molecular weight of native dna has been accurately determined by the use of a semiautomated sucrose gradient system. a mondisperse size distribution (speed dependence free) of eighth-of-a-chromatid pieces [1.7 s 10(10) daltons, with 95% confidence (fiducial) limits of +/- 48%] was found. this size has been confirmed by viscoelastometry. ionizing radiation rapidly breaks each of these pieces into about 21 subunits (again monodisperse) of 8 x 10(8) daltons each. with increaseing dose (greater ... | 1975 | 1191189 |
| total synthesis and adjuvant activity of bacterial peptidoglycan derivatives. | | 1975 | 1191296 |
| isolation and characterization of a mannan from mesosomal membrane vesicles of micrococcus lysodeikticus. | the carbohydrate content of mesosomal membranes of micrococcus lysodeikticus has been shown to be consistently higher (about four times) than that of corresponding plasma membrane preparations. analysis of washed membrane fractions by gas-liquid chromatography indicated that mannose was the major neutral sugar of both types of membrane (accounting for 95 and 89%, respectively, of the mesosomal and plasma membrane carbohydrate). small amounts of inositol, glucose and ribose were also detected. we ... | 1975 | 1191648 |
| distribution of enzymes involved in mannan synthesis in plasma membranes and mesosomal vesicles of micrococcus lysodeikticus. | the distribution of membrane-bound enzymes involved in mannan biosynthesis in plasma and mesosomal membranes of micrococcus lysodeikticus has been investigated. isolated mesosomal vesicles, unlike plasma membrane preparations, cannot catalyze the transfer of [14c]mannose from gdp-[14c]mannose into mannan. this appears to result from the inability of this membrane system to synthesize the carrier lipid [14c]mannosyl-1-phosphorylundecaprenol. in contrast, this is the major mannolipid synthesized f ... | 1975 | 1191649 |
| [study of micrococcus lysodeikticus membrane fractions by the method of freeze etching]. | | 1975 | 1192938 |
| a nucleoside triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease from bacillus laterosporus. the mode of action of the enzyme. | the acid-soluble products of exhaustive digestion of native dna with bacillus laterosporus dnase consist of 6.5% of mononucleotides and 93.5% of oligonucleotides with an average chain length of 3.2. the results of viscometric studies and inactivation of transforming dna indicate the existence of acid-insoluble intermediates and the selective degradation of the population of substrate molecules rather than a random nucleolytic action. furthermore, sucrose density gradient analysis of partially ... | 1975 | 1194248 |
| synergistic killing effect in pre-uv-irradiated micrococcus radiophilus. | | 1975 | 1197377 |
| involvement of hydroxyl radicals in the release by ionizing radiation of a cell surface nuclease from micrococcus radiodurans. | | 1975 | 1197642 |
| letter: origin of cell surface proteins released from micrococcus radiodurans by ionizing radiation. | | 1975 | 1197647 |
| identification of a component of crystalline egg albumin bactericidal for thermophilic aerobic sporeformers. | during an investigation of the effect of basic and acidic proteins on the growth of thermophilic aerobic sporeformers, crystalline egg albumin was found to be strongly bactericidal. this finding was uncharacteristic of acidic proteins. the bactericidal fraction was heat sensitive and separated from the non-bactericidal albumin fraction during gel filtration on sephadex g-75. cells of micrococcus lysodeikticus and bacillus stearothermophilus were lysed rapidly by the bactericidal component, leadi ... | 1975 | 1200631 |
| studies on the specificity of action of bacteriophage t4 lysozyme. | lysozyme from bacteriophage t4 was found to digest a soluble, uncrosslinked peptidoglycan which is secreted by cells of micrococcus luteus when incubated in the presence of penicillin g. analysis of the enzymatic degradation products shows that t4 acts as an endo-acetylmuramidase capable of cleaving glycosidic bonds only at muramic acid residues that are substituted with peptide side-chains. the results indicate that the secreted peptidoglycan may consist of a mixture of chains, approximately ha ... | 1975 | 1201752 |
| the bilirubin-induced photodegradation of deoxyribonucleic acid. | the widespread use of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice has caused some concern since little is known about the cellular consequences of such treatment. the present study was undertaken to determine the effects of photoactivated bilirubin on the structure of purified deoxyribonucleic acid. dna illuminated in the presence of bilirubin exhibited altered physical chemical properties as evidence by (1) a changed thermal helix coil transition profile, (2) a sensitivity of the treated dna to alkaline ... | 1975 | 1202419 |
| natural antibiosis among skin bacteria as a primary defence against infection. | antibiotic-producing bacteria were present on the healthy intact skin of 77 of 340 people but predominated in only 38-9% of these. in contrast, antibiotic-producers which occurred in the lesions of 51 out of 263 dermatological patients predominated in 78-4%. the presence of inhibitory commensals in skin lesions was associated with a significantly low incidence of secondary infection both on admission and during hospital stay; there was, however, a small excess of gram-negative infections on admi ... | 1975 | 1203176 |
| [effect of levomycetin (chloramphenicol) on the biosynthesis of membrane proteins, structure and some functions of micrococcus lysodeikticus bacterial membranes]. | levomycetin (chloroamphenicol), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, caused drastic changes in the molecular organization of bacterial membranes being introduced into the cultural medium of micrococcus lysodeikiticus (50-100 mkg/ml. isolated membranes of levomycetin-treated cells are enriched with lipids as compared with the control, they are more labile and they lose the x protein component and a considerable part of dehydrogenases, which results in the significant inhibition of all the respirati ... | 1975 | 1203387 |
| [control of antiseptics using a microbiological method]. | | 1975 | 1204821 |
| proceedings: properties of the phosphate uptake system of micrococcus lysodeikticus. | | 1975 | 1205769 |
| x-ray diffraction study of three dna fibres with different base compositions. | | 1975 | 1206700 |
| [effect of aeration on lysine biosynthesis in nutrient media with different concentrations of components]. | the lysine synthesis by the culture m. glutamicus t-3 on nutrient media with varying molasses concentrations was studied during cultivation under different aeration conditions. with an increase in the nutrient concentration the relationship between the lysine yield and aeration rate became very manifest. an elevation of aeration (kv) from 1.2 to 6.3 g o2 1/hr increased the yield of lysine in the 15, 20 and 28% molasses medium by 3, 6 and 11 times, respectively. a decline in aeration decreased th ... | 1975 | 1208372 |
| [lipid synthesis by micrococcus freudenreichii in media containing unsaturated hydrocarbon's]. | the growth and synthesis of lipids by thermotolerant bacteria micrococcus freudenreichii k-219 were investigated in the mineral medium containing a mixture of unsaturated (i-) and saturated hydrocarbons. the bacteria utilized primarily i-alkenes. in lipids the predominant fractions were phospholipids (57%) and free fatty acids (20%). the content of waxes which were in significant quantities in n-alkane containing media (9%) was not higher than 0.3% dry matter upon utilization of i-alkenes. there ... | 1975 | 1208375 |
| [regulation of lysine biosynthesis in the leucine-dependent mutant of micrococcus glutamicus]. | the role of leucine in metabolism of micrococcus glutamicus was examined in relation to the lysis synthesis by the homoserine- and leucine-dependent strains of m. glutamicus 106 and the homoserine-dependent strain of m. glutamicus 95. in addition to the growth function, leucine produced a controlling effect on the yield of the end product. in the presence of leucine the inhibitory effect of isoleucine on the lysine yield was reduced or reversed. the end effect depended on the leucine: isoleucine ... | 1975 | 1208391 |
| a preliminary investigation of the effects of salinity on the bacterial flora of the tay estuary. | two features of the effects of salinity on the bacterial flora of the tay estuary are considered. first the effect of salinity on the size and species composition of the resident microflora at various sites within the estuary. the second part is concerned with data obtained from laboratory experiments designed to study the effects of subjecting marine and freshwater bacteria, isolated from the tay, to salt stress. | 1975 | 1208501 |
| action of visible light on enzymes in cell envelopes of micrococcus roseus. | | 1975 | 1208657 |
| the reversibility of active sulphate transport in membrane vesicles of paracoccus denitrificans. | an uncoupler-sensitive active transport of sulphate into membrane vesicles prepared from the plasma membrane of paracoccus denitrificans (previously micrococcus denitrificans) can be driven by respiration or by a trans-membrane ph gradient (alkaline inside) generated by the addition either of kcl ( in the presence of nigericin) or of nh4cl. valinomycin does not substitute for nigericin. respiration-driven transport is observed in right-side-out vesicles but not in inside-out vesicles, whereas tr ... | 1975 | 1212205 |
| the autotrophic growth of micrococcus denitrificans on methanol. | ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase is present at a high specific activity in extracts of methanol-grown microccus denitrificans. enzymic and physiological evidence indicates that, during growth on methanol, the ribulose bisphosphate cycle is the route of carbon assimilation. | 1975 | 1212208 |
| menaquinone function in the respiratory chain of micrococcus lysodeikticus]. | menaquinone-9 which is destructed under long-wave uv-irradiation is isolated from micrococcus lysodeikticus membranes. nad-h, malate and lactate oxidases are observed to be inhibited under irradiation, dehydrogenases of these substrates being almost intact. photoinactivation of menaquinone results in the reduction of only one from two cytochromes b, presented in the membrane, thus testifying the location of menaquinone-9 between cytochromes b in the respiratory chain. reconstruction of malate, n ... | 1975 | 1212458 |
| [lateral diffusion of the protein components of the respiratory assembly of microsoccus lysodeikticus]. | preparations with a selectively decreased (by 85-90%) content of nadh dehydrogenase were isolated by means of heating treatment of m. lysodeikticus isolated membranes. the degree of the reduction of the nadh dehydrogenase nearest neighbour in the respiration chain of cytochrome b556 in heated membranes is similar to that in intact membranes. it is concluded that cytochrome b556 and (or) nadh dehydrogenase are capable to lateral migration in the membrane of m. lysodeikticus, resulting in the inte ... | 1975 | 1212462 |
| oxidation of tryptophan in lysozyme by ozone in aqueous solution. | a tryptophan residue in hen's egg-white lysozyme [ec 3.2.1.17] was modified by ozone in an aqueous solution. one of the six tryptophan residues in the enzyme was oxidized to n'-formylkynurenine with concomitant loss of the enzymatic activity. physicochemical studies of this modified enzyme (ol-i) revealed that the ozonization of lysozyme in aqueous media resulted in little change of the gross molecular conformation. it was deduced that the modified tryptophan residue in ol-i was possibly located ... | 1975 | 1213983 |
| anaerobic and aerobic skin bacteria before and after skin-disinfection with chlorhexidine: an experimental study in volunteers. | the amount, composition, and localization of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in the normal skin before and after disinfection were the subject of a volunteer study. the superficial bacterial flora were sampled by velvet pad imprints, and the deep flora were determined from whole skin biopsies. only one anaerobic species, propionebacterium acnes, was encountered even though other and more strict anaerobic bacteria could have been grown with the anaerobic technique employed. staphylococcus albus do ... | 1975 | 1214012 |
| [spectrophotometric characteristics of the coccoid forms of actinomycetes]. | ir spectra of thw whole cells of the coccoid forms (mycococcus and micrococcus) isolated from lithophilous lichen were compared with ir spectra of the collection cultures of micrococcus and arthrobacter. generic spectral characteristics of mycococcus and micrococcus are presented. spectral heterogeneity within the genus arthrobacter complicates the diagnosis. the cultures of the mycococcus genus were divided into three groups according to their spectral characteristics. spectral scans of the stu ... | 1975 | 1214609 |