| antimicrobial activity of fk-037, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. international in vitro comparison with cefepime and ceftazidime. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, a new parenteral 7-aminothiazolyl-methoxyimino cephalosporin, was compared with cefepime and ceftazidime against 6094 aerobic isolates collected in six medical centers worldwide. fk-037 demonstrated potent activity against the enterobacteriaceae family except for some enterobacter spp., providencia spp., and serratia liquefaciens (mic90s, > or = 16 micrograms/ml). against nonenteric gram-negative bacilli, all compounds tested showed similar, but more limited acti ... | 1994 | 7924209 |
| multicenter in vitro comparative study of fluoroquinolones after four years of widespread clinical use. | in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, lomefloxacin, ofloxacin, and seven other oral antimicrobials including amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (a/c), oxacillin, cefaclor, cefixime, cefuroxime, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (t/s) were evaluated against 1708 fresh bacterial isolates from four hospital laboratories approximately 4 years after the introduction of ciprofloxacin. t/s and ofloxacin had the lowest mic90s and greatest percentage of susceptible strains overall, fol ... | 1994 | 7924211 |
| prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in europe. study group 'bacterial resistance' of the paul-ehrlich-society for chemotherapy e. v. | since 1984, when the first fluoroquinolone, norfloxacin, was marketed in europe, there has been a marked increase in the usage of this class of drugs. in order to evaluate the influence of this drug usage on the prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolones in clinical isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococcus faecalis we reviewed the susceptibility data from four collaborative surveys conducted betw ... | 1994 | 7927836 |
| [antibacterial activities of isepamicin against fresh clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli]. | to investigate antibacterial activities of isepamicin (isp), mics of isp as well as other aminoglycosides (ags) were determined against many strains of gram-negative bacilli that were clinically isolated in 1993. 1. no isp-resistant strains were observed among isolates of escherichia coli, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp. or proteus mirabilis. 2. isp-resistant strains were observed among isolates of citrobacter freundii, serratia spp., proteus vulgaris, morganella morgani ... | 1994 | 7933534 |
| unique fimbriae-like structures encoded by sefd of the sef14 fimbrial gene cluster of salmonella enteritidis. | the sef14 gene cluster of salmonella enteritidis was recently shown to contain three genes, sefabc, encoding a unique fimbrin, and proteins homologous to fimbrial chaperones and outer membrane proteins (ushers), respectively. a fourth open reading frame, designated sefd, was found immediately downstream of sefabc and overlapping sefc. the translated protein sequence of sefd was unique, but the composition was similar to that of other bacterial fimbriae. sefd was produced in abundance by wild-typ ... | 1994 | 7934897 |
| microbiological studies of abscesses complicating bothrops snakebite in humans: a prospective study. | forty patients with abscesses at the site of bothrops bite were evaluated. ten brought the snake responsible for the bite, bothrops jararaca in all cases. on admission a sample was collected from each case for aerobic and anaerobic culture, and no abscesses drained spontaneously. none of the patients had received antibacterial therapy at this time. the bacteria most frequently isolated were morganella morganii (23 patients), providencia rettgeri (7) enterobacter sp. (4), escherichia coli (3), gr ... | 1994 | 7940580 |
| rapid identification of micro-organisms from urinary tract infections by beta-glucuronidase, phenylalanine deaminase, cytochrome oxidase and indole tests on isolation media. | two commercially available media recommended for the isolation and rapid identification of escherichia coli from urinary tract infections were supplemented with l-phenylalanine and l-tryptophan. the non-selective medium proved suitable for the direct detection of lactose fermentation, beta-glucuronidase and phenylalanine deaminase activities, indole production and the oxidase test. it was highly efficient in making a presumptive identification at species level of the most common gram-negative ur ... | 1994 | 7966214 |
| [a trial of using cefobid (cefoperazone) in treating infections of the skin and soft tissues]. | a clinical laboratory investigation of cefoperazon in the treatment of 27 patients with burn traumata and purulent necrotic wounds of the soft tissues of various genesis and localization was carried out. the clinical efficacy of the treatment was 75-86.6 per cent. 4 patients with extended purulent wounds of the soft tissues and bone affections were treated with cefoperazon and local application of gentacicol (a dosage form of gentamicin based on collagen with prolonged action) which provided the ... | 1994 | 7979798 |
| evaluation of rapid one system for identification of 379 strains in the family enterobacteriaceae and oxidase-negative, gram-negative nonfermenters. | the ability of the rapid one system (innovative diagnostic systems, inc., norcross, ga.) to identify 364 strains in the family enterobacteriaceae and 15 oxidase-negative, gram-negative, nonfermentative rods was evaluated. kits were inoculated with no. 2 mcfarland standard suspensions, and reactions were interpreted after 4 h of incubation at 35 degrees c. overall, the method correctly identified (to the species level or to the genus level for salmonellas and non-shigella sonnei shigella species) ... | 1994 | 8027345 |
| characterization of transposon tn1528, which confers amikacin resistance by synthesis of aminoglycoside 3'-o-phosphotransferase type vi. | providencia stuartii bm2667, which was isolated from an abdominal abscess, was resistant to amikacin by synthesis of aminoglycoside 3'-o-phosphotransferase type vi. the corresponding gene, aph(3')-via, was carried by a 30-kb self-transferable plasmid of incompatibility group incn. the resistance gene was cloned into puc18, and the recombinant plasmid, pat246, was transformed into escherichia coli dh1 (reca) harboring pox38gm. the resulting clones were mixed with e. coli hb101 (reca), and transco ... | 1994 | 8031033 |
| characterization of aara, a pleiotrophic negative regulator of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase in providencia stuartii. | we have utilized transposon mutagenesis to obtain insertional mutations in providencia stuartii that activate the chromosomal aac(2')-la gene. two closely linked mini-tn5cm insertions were obtained in a locus designated aara, and a single insertion was obtained in a separate locus, aarc. nucleotide sequence analysis, complementation studies, and localization of the sites of mini-tn5cm insertion have allowed the identification of the aara coding region. the deduced aara protein had a molecular ma ... | 1994 | 8051030 |
| [antibacterial activity of aztreonam against clinical isolates]. | to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a monobactam antibiotic, aztreonam (azt), mics of azt and other antibiotics against clinical isolates collected at 36 participating institutions after january 1992 were determined using the agar plate dilution method (size of inoculum, 10(6) cfu/ml) according to the japan society of chemotherapy standard. the antibiotics that were tested along with azt included piperacillin (pipc), cefoperazone (cpz), and amikacin (amk). azt was found to be more active a ... | 1994 | 8051793 |
| levofloxacin in vitro activity: results from an international comparative study with ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. | levofloxacin, the s-(-)-isomer of ofloxacin, was compared to ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against > 6000 recent clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria from six different countries. this international multicenter study demonstrated a high level of antibacterial activity of levofloxacin against all the members of enterobacteriaceae [minimum inhibitory concentration (mic)50s, < or = 0.03 to 0.12 mg/l] except providencia rettgeri (mic50, 2 mg/l), and providencia stuartii (mic50 ... | 1994 | 8077990 |
| characterization and sequence of phoc, the principal phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase of morganella morganii. | phosphatase activities were investigated in morganella morganii, which is one of the few enterobacterial species producing high-level phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase activity (hpap phenotype), and the gene encoding the major phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase was cloned, sequenced, and its product characterized. using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate, morganella produced a major phosphate-irrepressible acid phosphatase (named phoc) which is associated with the hpap phenotype, ... | 1994 | 8081499 |
| evaluation of direct disc diffusion susceptibility testing for bacteriuria using diluted urine against standard cds method. | consecutive urine specimens with > or = 10(9) organisms/l on microscopy were diluted 1:100 and direct disc diffusion susceptibility tests performed. subsequently, the standard calibrated dichotomous sensitivity (cds) test was performed on all isolates. urines with > 2 isolates or where growth was < 10(8) colony forming units (cfu)/l were excluded. only gram negative organisms were considered. 361 urines were evaluated, 324 with one and 37 with 2 isolates, comprising 255 escherichia coli, 49 kleb ... | 1994 | 8090594 |
| in vitro comparison activity of opc-17116, a new fluoroquinolone, against more than 5,000 recent clinical isolates from five medical centers. | the in vitro activity of opc-17116, a new fluoroquinolone, was compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and cefixime. a total of 5,231 fresh clinical isolates from five geographically separate us medical centers were tested. the primary results of this study are: 1. opc-17116 is very active against enterobacteriaceae [mic90s, 0.015-1 microgram/ml, except providencia rettgeri (mic90, > 8 micrograms/ml)], 2. among nonenteric gram-negative bacilli (e.g. xanthomonas maltophilia, mic90, 2 micr ... | 1993 | 8106899 |
| incidence of bacteria from clean-catch and catheterized urine of nursing home residents. | urine cultures from 1990 through 1992 were analyzed to determine the incidence of common isolates in residents from over 50 nursing homes in oklahoma. of all 11,480 isolates in clean-catch and catheterized specimens, the most common were: escherichia coli (24% of all isolates), pseudomonas aeruquinosa (11%), proteus mirabilis (10%), enterococcus faecalis (8%), klebsiella pneumoniae (7%), providencia stuartii (5%), and staphylococcus aureus (4%). the most striking findings of this study were the ... | 1993 | 8106919 |
| in vitro activity of du-6859a, a new fluorocyclopropyl quinolone. | du-6859a was tested against 844 recent clinical isolates (most from bacteremias) by using reference mic determination procedures. the activity of du-6859a against members of the family enterobacteriaceae was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin (range of mics for 90% of isolates [mic90], < or = 0.015 to 1 microgram/ml), and the highest mics were observed among serratia marcescens and providencia rettgeri isolates. the du-6859a mic90 for pseudomonas aeruginosa and xanthomonas maltophilia was 0.5 m ... | 1993 | 8109948 |
| [bacterial resistance to antibiotics in the czech republic. the working group for monitoring resistance in the czech republic]. | in 1991 the authors made an investigation on the resistance of clinically important bacteria. seventeen antibiotic centres in the czech republic participated in the investigation. the resistance to antibiotics of 32,567 strains of twelve bacterial species isolated from hospitalized patients depends on 1. the type of bacteria and antibiotics, 2. the source (specimen of pathological material) and 3. the locality (hospital). the resistance of staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin with the exception of ... | 1994 | 8111828 |
| in vitro activity of three carbapenem antibiotics. comparative studies with biapenem (l-627), imipenem, and meropenem against aerobic pathogens isolated worldwide. | the in vitro activity of biapenem (formerly l-627 or ljc10, 627), a new carbapenem, was compared with that of imipenem and meropenem against > 6000 clinically significant pathogens isolated in six countries worldwide. biapenem was active against members of the family enterobacteriaceae with a 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (mic90) ranging from < or = 0.06 to 2 micrograms/ml. only serratia spp. and providencia spp. were less susceptible (mic90, 8 micrograms/ml). pseudomonas aeruginosa and x ... | 1993 | 8112045 |
| predictive accuracy of disk diffusion test for proteus vulgaris and providencia species against five newer orally administered cephalosporins, cefdinir, cefetamet, cefprozil, cefuroxime, and loracarbef. | three members of the tribe proteeae (proteus vulgaris, providencia rettgeri, and providencia stuartii) were tested against five newer orally administered cephalosporins (cefdinir, cefprozil, cefuroxime, cefetamet, and loracarbef) by the disk diffusion and reference broth microdilution methods. one hundred strains of these organisms were tested to confirm the excessive interpretive error rates that previously had been noted for the disk diffusion test. the results indicate that the suggested disk ... | 1994 | 8150976 |
| multipoint identification of enterobacteriaceae: report of the british society for microbial technology collaborative study. | to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of multipoint identification schemes in a multicentre trial. | 1993 | 8157751 |
| [susceptibility of proteus, morganella and providencia strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections on bactericidal activity of normal human serum]. | usefulness of the test determining bactericidal activity of normal human serum was investigated with 50 strains of proteus, morganella and providencia isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (uti) and with 50 strains isolated from feces. it was found that strains from uti were more frequently resistant to the action of normal human serum (50% resistant) in comparison with strains isolated from feces (30% resistant). strains of proteus belonging to four species were differing greatly ... | 1993 | 8189801 |
| colonization of urinary catheters by escherichia coli and providencia stuartii in a laboratory model system. | a laboratory model system was developed to investigate the progressive colonization of urinary catheters by escherichia coli providencia stuartii, prominent organisms in the polymicrobial bacteriuria of the long-term catheterized urinary tract. we hypothesized that colonization of the catheter and artificial urine by e. coli is influenced by the presence of p. stuartii. e. coli or p. stuartii in pure culture both rapidly colonized the artificial urine and catheters, and both persisted throughout ... | 1994 | 8201673 |
| compositional analysis of peptidoglycan by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. | a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography method with pulsed-amperometric detection has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of both amino acids and amino sugars and applied to the compositional analysis of peptidoglycan hydrolysates. chromatography of the acid hydrolysis products was performed on a carbopac pa-1 anion-exchange column, with pulsed-amperometric detection. complete resolution of the two amino sugars (glucosamine and muramic acid) and eight of the nine amino acids (a ... | 1993 | 8214575 |
| electron microscopic study of the attachment and penetration of rabbit intestinal epithelium by providencia alcalifaciens. | ilea of adult rabbits with removable ileal ties (ritard model) that developed diarrhoea and ileal loops of adult rabbits after inoculation with providencia alcalifaciens, isolated from two patients with diarrhoea, were studied by transmission electron microscopy for enterocyte-bacterial interactions. two modes of entry of bacteria into epithelial cells were seen: one directly by endocytosis associated with polymerization of cytoskeletal components and the other by disruption of tight junctions w ... | 1993 | 8229460 |
| in vitro activity of cefpodoxime compared with other oral cephalosporins tested against 5556 recent clinical isolates from five medical centers. | a multicenter study was conducted in which the in vitro activity of cefpodoxime (the active metabolite of the prodrug ester cefpodoxime proxetil) was compared with those of cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil, and clarithromycin against 5556 recent clinical isolates. cefpodoxime demonstrated potent activity against members of the enterobacteriaceae, in particular against species generally resistant to the established oral cephalosporins such as proteus vulgaris [minimum inhibitory concent ... | 1993 | 8243035 |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefodizime against fresh clinical isolates]. | in order evaluate antimicrobial activities of cefodizime (cdzm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic's) of cdzm and other control drugs were determined against various clinical isolates, that were sent to our center from nation-wide medical institutions or were isolated and identified in our laboratory from various specimens of infected patients. the followings are a summary of the results: 1. bacterial species with no or few strains resistant to cephems including cdzm included streptococcus ... | 1993 | 8254888 |
| [the antimicrobial activity of cefteram against recently clinically detected and isolated strains]. | in order to examine antibiotic activities of cefteram (cftm), its minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic's) and those of other cephem drugs were determined against clinically isolated strains received from july 1990 to june 1991 and from july 1992 to february 1993 from medical facilities throughout the country and against clinically isolated strains detected in our laboratory in samples from patients with various infectious diseases. the obtained results are summarized below. 1. no cftm-resistan ... | 1993 | 8254900 |
| identification and typing of proteus penneri and proteus vulgaris biogroups 2 and 3, from clinical sources, by computerized analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns. | seventy-six strains of the proteus vulgaris complex (pr. penneri and pr. vulgaris biogroups 2 and 3) were characterized by one-dimensional sds-page of cellular proteins. the protein patterns were highly reproducible. the strains came from various countries and were mainly of human origin: urine (28), respiratory tract (13), wounds (8), faeces (7), blood (3), miscellaneous sources (6) and unknown sources (11). the patterns of these strains, together with those of the type strains of seven morgane ... | 1993 | 8300450 |
| [ciprofloxacin resistance in gram negative bacilli. epidemiologic aspects]. | the aim of the present was to study the resistance to ciprofloxacin (cip) in gram negative bacilli (april 1990-march 1992) and to determine the temporary distribution of the resistant strains by species, samples and departments. | 1993 | 8305553 |
| [report of three cases of purple urine bag syndrome which occurred with a combination of both e. coli and m. morganii]. | purple urine bag syndrome is a rare phenomenon in which bags turns purple or blue following catheterization. this phenomenon was reported to occur by providencia stuartii in the presence of indicanuria. we reported herein three females above 75 years of age having a similar phenomenon. all were bedridden chronically and constipated. in these cases, no growth of p. stuartii was found on repeated urine culture, but escherichia coli and morganella morganii were concomitantly isolated during the blu ... | 1993 | 8320467 |
| extent of peptidoglycan o acetylation in the tribe proteeae. | the degree of peptidoglycan o acetylation in 18 strains of the different genera of the tribe proteeae (proteus, providencia, and morganella) has been determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-based organic acid analysis of mild-base-released acetic acid and quantitation of peptidoglycan concentrations by simultaneous amino sugar-amino acid analysis using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. the n,o-diacetylmuramyl content of all isolated a ... | 1993 | 8331084 |
| emergence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacilli causing bacteremia during therapy. | treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative bacilli with beta-lactam antimicrobial agents can induce class i beta-lactamase production. this phenomenon can result in resistant microorganisms, and has been postulated to be a cause of therapeutic failure. the charts of patients bacteremic with pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species (n = 120) during a 3-year period were reviewed to determine how ... | 1993 | 8346736 |
| comparative in vitro activity of biapenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic. | biapenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic with high stability to human renal dehydropeptidase i. its in vitro activity was compared with that of imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin and gentamicin against a total of 650 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) cfu). biapenem inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgari ... | 1993 | 8354306 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activities of lactoferrin, its concomitant use with cefpodoxime proxetil and clinical effect of cefpodoxime proxetil. | as one of the biodefense mechanisms, lactoferrin (lfn) in the secreta of female genital organ may be an interesting biological material in view of its antimicrobial activity. in the present study, we investigated antimicrobial activities of lfn and its combination with cefpodoxime proxetil (cpdx-pr), we also as evaluated clinical effect of cpdx-pr. the following results were obtained. 1. antimicrobial activities of lfn were tested against 15 strains of 10 species of bacteria, and potent activiti ... | 1993 | 8360983 |
| resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in barbados. | resistance to third-generation, or extended-spectrum, cephalosporins caused by induction of class i beta-lactamases has been reported rarely from developing countries. seven isolates of cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative rods were recovered recently from urine, burns and ulcers in the queen elizabeth hospital, barbados. the isolates were identified as acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2), citrobacter freundii (1), enterobacter cloacae (1), morganella morganii (1), providencia stuartii (1) and prot ... | 1993 | 8367967 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of e-4868, a new fluoroquinolone with a 7-azetidin ring substituent. | e-4868, (-)-7-[3-(r)-amino-2-(s)-methyl-1-azetidinyl]-1-(2,4- difluorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, is a new fluoroquinolone with an azetidine moiety at the 7 position. the in vitro activity of e-4868 has been compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and fleroxacin, while the activity of ciprofloxacin was used as reference for in vivo studies. the mics of e-4868 for 90% of the isolates tested (mic90s) were 0.06 to 0.5 microgram/ml against gram-positive or ... | 1993 | 8388202 |
| in vitro activity of e-4868, a new trifluoroquinolone, compared to six similar compounds. | the compound e-4868 (laboratorios dr. esteve) is a trifluoro, 7-azetidinyl quinolone with properties resembling those of other fluoroquinolones. its activity in vitro was compared to that of six other similar drugs against more than 700 nosocomial isolates using standard methods. the mic50s of e-4868 for enteric bacilli ranged from 0.015 to 0.25 micrograms/ml, being highest for providencia spp. pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were two-fold more susceptible to e-4868 than to ofloxacin. mics of e-4 ... | 1993 | 8388792 |
| characterization and transcriptional regulation of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase gene from providencia stuartii. | we have cloned the chromosomally encoded 2'-n-acetyltransferase gene [aac(2')-ia] from providencia stuartii. dna sequence analysis of the cloned insert identified a single open reading frame, which is capable of encoding a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 20,073 da. the deduced aac(2')-ia protein showed no significant homology to other proteins, including all of the aac(3) and aac(6') proteins. primer extension analysis was used to identify the aac(2')-ia promoter, which contained an u ... | 1993 | 8407825 |
| characterization of a plasmid-encoded urease gene cluster found in members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | plasmid-encoded urease gene clusters found in uropathogenic isolates of escherichia coli, providencia stuartii, and salmonella cubana demonstrated dna homology, similar positions of restriction endonuclease cleavage sites, and manners of urease expression and therefore represent the same locus. dna sequence analysis indicated that the plasmid-encoded urease genes are closely related to the proteus mirabilis urease genes. | 1993 | 8449894 |
| phenylacetate-coenzyme a ligase is induced during growth on phenylacetic acid in different bacteria of several genera. | nine different bacterial strains that utilise phenylacetic acid as the only carbon and energy source were isolated from samples of different geographical origin. the isolates were characterised taxonomically and physiologically. evidence is presented that in all the isolates as well as in four previously isolated control strains with the ability to utilize phenylacetic acid, the enzyme phenylacetate-coa ligase is specifically induced during growth on phenylacetic acid. the michaelis constant (km ... | 1993 | 8472917 |
| alpha-keto acids are novel siderophores in the genera proteus, providencia, and morganella and are produced by amino acid deaminases. | growth promotion and iron transport studies revealed that certain alpha-keto acids generated by amino acid deaminases, by enterobacteria of the proteus-providencia-morganella group (of the tribe proteeae), show significant siderophore activity. their iron-binding properties were confirmed by the chrome azurol s assay and uv spectra. these compounds form ligand-to-metal charge transfer bands in the range of 400 to 500 nm. additional absorption bands of the enolized ligands at 500 to 700 nm are re ... | 1993 | 8478334 |
| resistance to the antimicrobial agents of bacteria isolated from non-sterile pharmaceuticals. | the in vitro antimicrobial resistance of 391 bacterial strains isolated from 389 samples of oral and topical medicaments was examined. the numbers of strains isolated (and percentage of samples that present them) were: 234 bacillus (32.1%), 79 staphylococcus (13.6%), 46 micrococcus (11.3%), nine pseudomonas (1.5%), eight acinetobacter (1.5%), five enterococcus (1.2%), three alcaligenes (0.8%), two escherichia and enterobacter (0.5%), one each providencia, serratia and streptococcus (0.2%). gram- ... | 1993 | 8486563 |
| potent inhibitory action of the gastric proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole against urease activity of helicobacter pylori: unique action selective for h. pylori cells. | the gastric proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole, its active analog ag-2000, and omeprazole dose dependently inhibited urease activity extracted with distilled water from helicobacter pylori cells; the 50% inhibitory concentrations were between 3.6 and 9.5 microm, which were more potent than those of urease inhibitors, such as acetohydroxamic acid, hydroxyurea, and thiourea. these compounds also inhibited urease activity in intact cells of h. pylori and helicobacter mustelae but did not inhibit ur ... | 1993 | 8494373 |
| the plasmid-encoded urease gene cluster of the family enterobacteriaceae is positively regulated by urer, a member of the arac family of transcriptional activators. | ureolytic clinical isolates of providencia stuartii, salmonella spp., and some escherichia coli strains contain large urease-encoding plasmids. expression of urease activity from these isolates is induced at least 20-fold by urea. in order to facilitate studies on the regulatory mechanism controlling this urea-inducible expression, the plasmid-encoded urease genes were inserted into the low-copy-number vector prk415, to form psef70. deletion mutagenesis of psef70 demonstrated that between 1.3 an ... | 1993 | 8501050 |
| sequence of the providencia rettgeri lexa gene and its control region. | | 1993 | 8502572 |
| comparative antibacterial activity of the aminothiazolyl cephalosporin ru 29,246. | a total of 1,007 clinical isolates from a tertiary care center were tested against ru 29,246, ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, augmentin, oxacillin, piperacillin, gentamicin, amikacin and vancomycin. bacteria tested consisted of 479 strains of enterobacteriaceae, 64 pseudomonads, 18 xanthomonas, 42 other gram-negative bacilli, 56 enterococci and 348 isolates of staphylococci. ru 29,246 showed excellent in vitro activity inhibiting > 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, ... | 1993 | 8508687 |
| rapid access to pharmacokinetics data and correlation between antimicrobial susceptibility results and drug tissue distribution using a personal computer. | mymic is a computer-aided system capable of integrating antibiotic susceptibility data with the concentrations the drugs reach in various body tissues and fluids by calculating site concentration/minimal inhibitory concentration quotients. the program can be run on any low-cost personal computer operating under ms-dos, provided it is equipped with a hard-disk drive and with a minimum of 512 kilobytes of random access memory. the use of the program does not require any knowledge of computer langu ... | 1993 | 8510569 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the proteeae in japan, 1989]. | we discussed the antimicrobial susceptibilities of proteeae isolated in japan, 1989. eight hundred six clinical isolates were collected from 47 hospitals. these were comprised of 431 strains of proteus mirabilis, 155 proteus vulgaris, 154 morganella morganii, 44 providencia rettgeri and 22 providencia stuartii. antibiotics tested in this study were 2 penicillins, 5 cephems, 1 carbapenem and 2 aminoglycosides. the mic's were determined using the standard method of the japan society of chemotherap ... | 1993 | 8515560 |
| emergence of bacterial resistance to imipenem and ciprofloxacin in a university hospital. | we have continuously monitored the in-vitro activities of imipenem and ciprofloxacin against large numbers of non-fastidious clinical isolates. after eight years of use, 97-100% of enterobacteriaceae and acinetobacter baumannii remained susceptible to imipenem, but susceptibility of pseudomonas aeruginosa declined from 100% to 91%. after six years of use, 94%-100% of enterobacteriaceae (except providencia stuartii) remained susceptible to ciprofloxacin but susceptibility of p. stuartii, a. bauma ... | 1995 | 8522464 |
| a multicenter comparative study of the in vitro activity of fleroxacin and other antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro activity of fleroxacin was determined by broth microdilution against 2,079 recent bacterial isolates and compared to the activities of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefixime, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin/clavulanate, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx), and, as appropriate, erythromycin and oxacillin. most enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by the quinolones at a concentration of < or = 1 microgram/ml; mic90s of fleroxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, an ... | 1995 | 8529440 |
| epidemiology of quinolone resistance. eastern hemisphere. | both nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones are used widely in the eastern hemisphere for a variety of infectious diseases. a surveillance programme for antibiotic resistance in common pathogens has been conducted in the western pacific region of the world health organization since 1989. data on resistance to fluoroquinolones for the years 1992 and 1993 from the 16 participating countries in the western pacific, plus published data from thailand, were collated for common and important pathogens in ... | 1995 | 8549389 |
| [gram-negative bacteria contaminating the process of producing lysine]. | the authors have isolated gram-negative bacteria of the enterobacteriaceae family from the culture liquid of industrial fermenters with low yield of lysine. most of them possessed the characters typical of klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli, the rest were identified as the representatives of genera proteus, providencia, enterobacter, hafnia. strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, e.coli, proteus rettgeri manifested lysine-decarboxylase activity. the capacity of some strains to destruct lysine ... | 1995 | 8563944 |
| bacteremia due to providencia stuartii: review of 49 episodes. | we reviewed cases of providencia stuartii bacteremia at a large community teaching hospital during a 12-year period (1981 to 1992). none of the infections were hospital-acquired. of the 49 patients, 47 (96%) came from a nursing home, and 45 (92%) had a long-term indwelling foley catheter. the urinary tract was definitely proven to be the source of bacteremia in 35 patients (71%) and was the probable source in another 5 patients (11%). polymicrobial bacteremia occurred in 25 patients (51%). the o ... | 1996 | 8578355 |
| [epidemiology of microbial resistance to biocides]. | in order to estimate the distribution of bacteria and fungi with an elevated level of resistance to antimicrobial substances, we have analyzed water samples and surveyed institutions presumably concerned with analyses of microbial resistance (university institutes for hygiene, health authorities) by means of questionnaire. a total of 41 water samples was drawn from various aquatic biotopes in the region of heidelberg. the samples originated from the effluents of a community sewage treatment plan ... | 1995 | 8579712 |
| activities of oral antibiotics on providencia strains isolated from institutionalized elderly patients with urinary tract infections. | more than 250 providencia strains isolated from the urine of institutionalized elderly patients were tested against cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefetamet, cefpodoxime, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. our results confirm the strong activities of expanded-spectrum oral cephalosporins against providencia isolates, f1p4ell as the marked differences in susceptibilities among accurately identified providencia species. | 1995 | 8593030 |
| the most frequently occurring aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms--combined results of surveys in eight regions of the world. the aminoglycoside resistance study groups. | aminoglycoside-resistant isolates from different patients were collected in 149 hospitals in eight regions of the world. aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms were determined in 11,079 of these isolates by the correlation of resistance phenotypes to 12 aminoglycosides and dna hybridisation with up to 19 resistance genes. a very large diversity of different resistance mechanisms was found. for example, in escherichia-morganella-proteus-salmonella-shigella, at total of 53 different mechanisms was f ... | 1995 | 8622108 |
| susceptibility of bacterial isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics from u.s. clinical trials over a 5-year period. | results are reported for agar dilution susceptibility testing of 3,075 isolates of aerobic bacteria collected from >200 u.s. institutions, located in 30 different states. these isolates were collected from 1987 through 1991 from patients who participated in cefepime clinical trials. cefepime susceptibility was compared with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, and imipenem. to avoid duplication of strains, only initial isolates were included. cefepime minimum inhibitory concentrat ... | 1996 | 8678092 |
| distribution of diaminopropane and acetylspermidine in enterobacteriaceae. | polyamines of 97 strains (60 species) belonging to 18 genera of the family enterobacteriaceae were determined by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis. in addition to putrescine and cadavarine, diaminopropane was widely distributed in enterobacteriaceae and almost ubiquitously within enterobacter, pantoea, erwinia, leminorella, proteus, leclercia, morganella, klebsiella, hafnia, rahnella, serratia, and tatumella species and sporadically within citrobacter, escherichia, moellerella, pr ... | 1996 | 8742354 |
| [value of media containing chromogenic substrates for the identification and the listing of urinary bacteria]. | performance in terms of enumeration, growth and identification with a new culture medium (cps id2, biomérieux) was evaluated using 405 urine samples and 244 collection strains. the cps id2 medium contains chromogenic substrates enabling the detection of 4 bacterial enzymes which leads to the identification of colonies: escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, proteus-morganella-providencia and enterococci. no discrepancies in the enumeration were observed with the collected strains and urine samples ... | 1995 | 8746095 |
| identification and characterization of phon-sf, a gene on the large plasmid of shigella flexneri 2a encoding a nonspecific phosphatase. | a gene encoding a nonspecific phosphatase, named phon-sf, was identified on the large virulence plasmid (pmysh6000) of shigella flexneri 2a ysh6000. the phosphatase activity in ysh6000 was observed under high-phosphate conditions. however, it was found that low-phosphate conditions induced a slightly higher level of activity. the nucleotide sequence of the phon-sf region cloned from pmysh6000 possessing the phon-sf gene encoded 249 amino acids with a typical signal sequence at the n terminus. th ... | 1996 | 8755883 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of a new parenteral penem, sulopenem]. | eighty percent minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic80) of sulopenem against clinically isolated 12 to 80 strains of each of different bacteria were as follows: methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa): 0.20 micrograms/ml, methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa): 50 micrograms/ml, coagulase-negative staphylococci: 3.13 micrograms/ml, streptococcus pyogenes: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, streptococcus pneumoniae: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, beta-streptococci: 0.05 microgram/ml, enterococc ... | 1996 | 8786624 |
| [antimicrobial activities of tosufloxacin against recently obtained clinical isolates]. | to evaluate antimicrobial activities of tosufloxacin (tflx), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of tflx and other drugs were determined against clinical isolates that were obtained in our laboratory from february of 1993 to january of 1994 (period i), and from february of 1995 to january of 1996 (period ii). the results are summarized as follows: 1. compared to mic90's reported by others for tflx in the 1980's, those obtained by us against beta-streptococci, streptococcus pneumoniae, pepto ... | 1996 | 8828073 |
| aard, a providencia stuartii homologue of cydd: role in 2'-n-acetyltransferase expression, cell morphology and growth in the presence of an extracellular factor. | in a search for genes involved in regulation of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase in providencia stuartii, a mini-tn5cm insertion has been isolated in a locus designated aard. the aard1::mini-tn5cm mutation resulted in a 4.7-fold increase in the levels of beta-galactosidase accumulation from an aac(2')-lacz transcriptional fusion and a 32-fold increase in the levels of gentamicin resistance in p. stuartii. the wild-type aard locus was cloned on a 5.0 kb cla i fragment and complemented the aard1 mutatio ... | 1996 | 8830242 |
| [evaluation of the usefulness of tests for production of beta-d-glucuronidase and propylene glycol utilization for the differentiation of enterobacteriaceae rods]. | the aim of the study was to inquire about the diagnostic usefulness of determining the activity of glucuronidase and utilisation of propylene glycol in enterobacteriaceae rods. the study included 1511 strains: 411- e. coli, 278 - klebsiella, 231 - salmonella, 159 - yersinia, 97 - citrobacter, 75 - shigella and 260 strains representing 6 other kinds of enteric rods. determination was performed in a liquid medium containing in 1 ml 25 mcg mug and 100 mcg onpg. propylene glycol (pg) utilisation was ... | 1995 | 8833927 |
| antimicrobial activity of human pancreatic juice and its interaction with antibiotics. | pancreatic juice (pj) should be a factor of variability in the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics eliminated by the pancreas during pancreatic infections. we studied its effects on the activity of antimicrobial drugs with different mechanisms of action. samples of pure pj were collected from 16 patients with stabilized external pancreatic fistulas. the antimicrobial activity of the juice at different concentrations (from 1.25 to 100%) alone and in combination with mezlocillin, imipenem, ceftr ... | 1996 | 8878588 |
| risk factors for nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative bacilli. the hellenic antibiotic resistance study group. | two hundred and ninety-nine gram-negative hospital-acquired infections from 257 patients, consecutively identified during one month (november 1992) in five hospitals in the greater athens area, were divided into four groups on the basis of the bacterium isolated: group 1 (escherichia coli group) included infections owing to e. coli, group 2 (proteus group) consisted of infections owing to proteus spp. and providencia spp., group 3 (kiebsiella/enterobacter group) involved infections owing to kieb ... | 1996 | 8880546 |
| characterization of the chromosomal aminoglycoside 2'-n-acetyltransferase gene from mycobacterium fortuitum. | a novel gene encoding an aminoglycoside 2'-n-acetyltransferase (aac) was cloned from mycobacterium fortuitum. dna sequencing results identified an open reading frame that we have called aac(2')-ib encoding a putative protein with a predicted molecular mass of 24,800 da. the deduced aac(2')-ib protein showed homology to the aac(2')-ia from providencia stuartii. this is the second member of a subfamily of aac(2')-i enzymes to be identified. no homology was found with other acetyltransferases, incl ... | 1996 | 8891143 |
| a simple method to detect bacteriolytic enzymes produced by enterobacteriaceae. | the production of bacteriolytic enzymes by enterobacteriaceae in various growth conditions was investigated. peptone-based media containing killed gram-negative cells facilitated detection of bacteriolytic enzyme production in the highest number of species. these belonged to the genera serratia, proteus, morganella and providencia. in contrast, escherichia coli, shigella, salmonella, klebsiella, enterobacter and citrobacter species did not produce bacteriolytic activities in any of the condition ... | 1996 | 8893522 |
| results of expedicion humana. ii. analysis of hla class ii alleles in three african american populations from colombia using the pcr/ssop: identification of a novel dqb1*02 (*0203) allele. | pcr/ssop typing methods were used to analyze the hla class ii drb1, dqa1, dqb1 and dpb1 loci of samples from three african american populations of colombia. forty samples from the cauca (pacific), and twenty samples each from the choco (north pacific coast) and the providencia (caribbean island) populations, were collected and the class ii loci analyzed under the auspices of the expedicion humana. despite the limited number of samples analyzed, the african colombian populations exhibit a very hi ... | 1996 | 8896178 |
| [enterobacteria isolated from commercial fishes from the volga-caspian basin]. | enteric bacteria, such as proteus, citrobacter [correction of cytobacter], and providencia, were found to be prevalent particularly in the gills and intestines of marketable fishes of the volga and caspian seas. half of all the enteric bacteria was detected in the fish kidneys, spleen, and liver. this shows it necessary to standardize different types of fish raw materials. | 1996 | 8925957 |
| a bifunctional urease enhances survival of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica and morganella morganii at low ph. | to infect a susceptible host, the gastrointestinal pathogen yersinia enterocolitica must survive passage through the acid environment of the stomach. in this study, we showed that y. enterocolitica serotype o8 survives buffered acidic conditions as low as ph 1.5 for long periods of time provided urea is available. acid tolerance required an unusual cytoplasmically located urease that was activated 780-fold by low-ph conditions. acid tolerance of helicobacter species has also been attributed to u ... | 1996 | 8932305 |
| providencia rettgeri meningitis in hatchling saltwater crocodiles (crocodylus porosus). | | 1996 | 8941426 |
| comparative in vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam against gram-negative bacilli. | to describe the in vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam against clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria, compared with other antibacterial agents. | 1996 | 8955735 |
| prevalence of invasive ability and other virulence-associated characteristics in providencia alcalifaciens strains isolated in são paulo, brazil. | providencia alcalifaciens is an invasive enteric pathogen. the present study determined the prevalence of invasive ability in p. alcalifaciens strains isolated in são paulo, brazil, mainly from patients with diarrhoea. invasion of hela cells was found in 17 (42%) of 41 strains studied. most (88%) of the invasive strains were isolated from diarrhoeal stools. the invasive property was identified in 50% of p. alcalifaciens strains isolated as pure cultures or from stool samples where no other enter ... | 1996 | 8958250 |
| the prevalence of gentamicin 2'-n-acetyltransferase in the proteeae and its role in the o-acetylation of peptidoglycan. | the prevalence of aac(2')-ia, a gene coding for gentamicin 2'-n-acetyltransferase in providencia stuartii, among species of the proteeae was investigated to determine if it is a common resistance factor and whether the correlation observed in p. stuartii between its expression and the levels of peptidoglycan o-acetylation represents a general feature of bacteria producing this form of modified peptidoglycan. an evaluation of the mics of gentamicin for each of the species of the proteeae did not ... | 1996 | 8961557 |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefodizime against clinical isolates]. | in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefodizime (cdzm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cdzm and control drugs were determined against clinical isolates collected from nation-wide medical institutions and in our laboratory from september to december of 1992 and from september to december of 1995. the results are summarized as follows: 1. bacterial species with no or few strains resistant to cdzm included streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, citrobacter koseri, pr ... | 1996 | 8986558 |
| the most frequent aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms--changes with time and geographic area: a reflection of aminoglycoside usage patterns? aminoglycoside resistance study groups. | the aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms revealed by two surveys in europe and other countries have been compared to those revealed in earlier studies. mechanisms have become more complex in all bacterial groups. in providencia, serratia, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, and staphylococcus species isolates, genus-specific mechanisms were very common, and it was not possible to see differences between different geographic areas. in other enterobacteriaceae, the increasing complexity of mechanisms was ... | 1997 | 8994779 |
| media and tests to simplify the recognition and identification of members of the proteeae. | several important and diverse human pathogens are found in the tribe proteeae. by identifying and concentrating on key biochemical reactions, it has been possible to devise six simple media that permit the identification of all the important members of the tribe with ease, speed and accuracy. this was confirmed by optional additional confirmatory media and tests. | 1997 | 9003744 |
| [fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside resistance in chromosomal cephalosporinase-overproducing gram-negative bacilli strains with inducible beta-lactamase]. | the increasing prevalence of stable derepressed mutants over-producers of type i chromosomal cephalosporinase in inducible enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa challenges the adequacy of third generation cephalosporins in the empirical treatment of certain nosocomial infections. we sought to determine the frequency of stable over-producers of type i enzyme and their associated resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. | 1996 | 9044634 |
| bactericidal activity of cefodizime on enterobacteriaceae in an in-vitro model simulating plasma pharmacokinetics in humans. | an in-vitro dialysis model was employed to assess the feasibility of once-daily dosing of cefodizime in the treatment of infections caused by various enterobacteriaceae: escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, morganella morganii, serratia marcescens, providencia stuartii and enterobacter cloacae. this model simulated the concentrations of cefodizime detected in human blood after an intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection of 1 g or 2 g of the antibiotic. validation of the model was undertaken to con ... | 1997 | 9069535 |
| aarc, an essential gene involved in density-dependent regulation of the 2'-n-acetyltransferase in providencia stuartii. | the 2'-n-acetyltransferase [aac(2')-ia] in providencia stuartii has a dual function where it is involved in the acetylation of peptidoglycan and certain aminoglycosides. a search for negative regulators of the aac(2')-ia gene has resulted in the identification of aarc. a missense allele (aarc1) resulted in an 8.9-fold increase in beta-galactosidase accumulation from an aac(2')-lacz transcriptional fusion. northern blot analysis demonstrated an increase in aac(2')-ia mrna accumulation that was sp ... | 1997 | 9079912 |
| prevalence of pathogenic role of morganella-proteus providencia-group of bacteria in human faeces. | speculation in literature that organisms of the morganella-proteus-providencia (mpp) group can cause diarrhoea led to the present studies which investigated their occurrence and pathogenic role in human faeces. faecal specimens were collected from a total of 307 subjects, 80 of which were from diarrhoea cases and 277 from healthy controls. ninety-two species of the mpp (24/80 diarrhoea and 68/277 control) were isolated from 30% of all subjects. none of the species of the mpp group was significan ... | 1996 | 9110049 |
| antibacterial activity of bms-180680, a new catechol-containing monobactam. | the in vitro activities of a new catechol-containing monobactam, bms-180680 (sq 84,100), were compared to those of aztreonam, ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. bms-180680 was often the most active compound against many species of the family enterobacteriaceae, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90s) of < or = 0.5 microg/ml for escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aero ... | 1997 | 9145861 |
| [maggot therapy for gangrene and osteomyelitis]. | 5 patients with diabetic-foot were treated by maggot therapy. the most serious case was in a 75-year-old man who had gangrene and osteomyelitis of the right foot. proteus mirabilis, enterococcus sp., providencia stuartii and staphylococcus spec. (coagulase positive) were isolated from lesions which did not respond to antibiotic therapy. the patient had twice refused amputation but agreed to maggot therapy. larvae of the sheep blowfly phoenicia (lucilia) sericata were used for twice-weekly treatm ... | 1997 | 9153871 |
| the role of o-acetylation in the metabolism of peptidoglycan in providencia stuartii. | the gentamicin 2'-n-acetyltransferase [ec 2.3.1.59; aac(2')-ia] of providencia stuartii was shown to contribute to the o-acetylation of peptidoglycan and mutants that either under- or overexpress the aac(2')-ia gene was characterized phenotypically to possess either lower or higher levels of peptidoglycan o-acetylation, respectively, compared to the wild-type. these mutants were subjected to scanning electron microscopy. p. stuartii pr100, with 42-44% peptidoglycan o-acetylation compared to 54% ... | 1996 | 9158736 |
| d-lysine production from l-lysine by successive chemical racemization and microbial asymmetric degradation. | in order to develop a practical process for d-lysine production from l-lysine, successive chemical racemization and microbial asymmetric degradation were investigated. the racemization of l-lysine proceeded quantitatively at elevated temperatures. a sample of 1000 strains of bacteria, fungi, yeast and actinomyces were screened for the ability to degrade l-lysine asymmetrically. microorganisms belonging to the achromobacter, agrobacterium, candida, comamonas, flavobacterium, proteus, providencia, ... | 1997 | 9163947 |
| [changes in the microbial picture during the production of poultry salami]. | changes in microbiological parameters during the production of fine poultry salami was monitored in a private poultry-processing plant in kosice within a period of six months. this product consists of meat paste or mechanically deboned poultry meat (mdpm), which is produced with the help of a protecon mpb 30 e deboning machine, pork trimmings, water (in the form of crushed ice), salt, spices, and garlic paste. the main raw food material (hand-boned meat and skin from poultry carcasses intended f ... | 1997 | 9182395 |
| characterization of gentamicin 2'-n-acetyltransferase from providencia stuartii: its use of peptidoglycan metabolites for acetylation of both aminoglycosides and peptidoglycan. | the relationship between the acetylation of peptidoglycan and that of aminoglycosides in providencia stuartii has been investigated both in vivo and in vitro. adaptation of the assay for peptidoglycan n-->o-acetyltransferase permitted an investigation of the use of peptidoglycan as a source of acetate for the n acetylation of aminoglycosides by gentamicin n-acetyltransferase [ec 2.3.1.59; aac(2')]. the peptidoglycan from cells of p. stuartii pr50 was prelabelled with 3h by growth in the presence ... | 1997 | 9209022 |
| [microbiological contamination of fish in the delta of volga]. | examining 213 bacteriological samples from 57 pike perch has revealed the high contamination of the fish with enterobacteria in the branchia and intestine, which spread into the viscera and tissues. in the kidney there prevalent escherichia coli (27.3%). enterobacteria (20.), and edvardsiella (16.6). the liver most commonly displayed yeasts and fungi (18.2%). citrobacteria (14.3). acinobacteria (14.3%). many microbial strains had proteolytic and hemolytic activities and a considerable resistance ... | 1997 | 9244782 |
| an extracellular factor regulating expression of the chromosomal aminoglycoside 2'-n-acetyltransferase of providencia stuartii. | the chromosomal aac(2')-ia gene in providencia stuartii encodes a housekeeping 2'-n-acetyltransferase [aac(2')-ia] involved in the acetylation of peptidoglycan. in addition, the aac(2')-ia enzyme also acetylates and confers resistance to the clinically important aminoglycoside antibiotics gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin. expression of the aac(2')-ia gene was found to be strongly influenced by cell density, with a sharp decrease in aac(2')-ia mrna accumulation as cells approached stationar ... | 1997 | 9257754 |
| structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o23 containing a novel component: an amide of d-glucuronic acid with n(epsilon)-(1-carboxyethyl)lysine. | an acidic o-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of the bacterium providencia alcalifaciens o23 and found to contain d-glucose, d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose, and n epsilon-(1-carboxyethyl)-n alpha-(d-glucuronoyl)lysine. on the basis of full and partial acid hydrolyses, selective solvolysis with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (cosy), h-detected hete ... | 1997 | 9275290 |
| rapid, sensitive, microbial detection by gene amplification using restriction endonuclease target sequences. | the use of primers synthesized to eight class ii restriction endonuclease target sequences, from haemophilus parainfluenzae, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella infantis, rhodobacter sphaeroides, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and proteus vulgaris for single and multiplex pcr identification of the organisms is discussed. results indicate that the method is sensitive and specific enough to detect single cells and attogram amounts of target dna. it has also been ... | 1997 | 9281417 |
| invasion of hela cells by providencia alcalifaciens presumably is plasmid-encoded. | | 1996 | 9283662 |
| media for the detection and recognition of the enteropathogen providencia alcalifaciens in faeces. | a medium (pam: providencia alcalifaciens medium) is described that enables the presence of the enteropathogen p. alcalifaciens in faeces to be detected with ease and simplicity. this organism is probably the only oxidase-negative organism likely to be present in tetrathionate broth cultures of faeces that is unable to ferment the mannitol, xylose or galactose present in the medium. thus the red colonies of p. alcalifaciens appeared quite distinct from the lemon-yellow acid-forming colonies of al ... | 1997 | 9350207 |
| evaluation of bbl chromagar orientation medium for detection and presumptive identification of urinary tract pathogens. | the microbiological performance of bbl chromagar orientation medium and cps id2 agar was compared to that of columbia agar with 5% sheep blood and macconkey agar without crystal violet for the enumeration and presumptive identification of bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections. of a total of 658 clinical urine specimens, 118 specimens yielded no growth, 402 specimens yielded growth with cell counts of > or = 10(5) cfu/ml, and 138 specimens yielded growth with cell counts of < 10(5) cf ... | 1997 | 9350731 |
| substrate recognition by the leucyl/phenylalanyl-trna-protein transferase. conservation within the enzyme family and localization to the trypsin-resistant domain. | the leucyl/phenylalanyl-trna-protein transferase (l/f-transferase) from escherichia coli catalyzes a peptidyltransferase reaction that results in the n-terminal aminoacylation of acceptor proteins using leu-, phe-, and met-trnas as amino acid donors. we demonstrated that l/f-transferase homologs are widely distributed throughout the eubacteria, supporting our proposal that the enzyme family is ancient and catalyzes early peptide bond synthesis. however, here we present data suggesting that the l ... | 1997 | 9407082 |
| [monotherapy with meropenem in febrile granulocytopenic patients]. | infection remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality for cancer patients who become granulocytopenic. combinations of beta-lactams plus aminoglycosides have been the standard empiric therapy for febrile granulocytopenic patients, especially those with profound long-lasting granulocytopenia. the advent of new broad-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems has favoured the possibility of empiric monotherapy. meropenem is a parenteral carbapenem antibiotic stable to renal dehydropeptidase-i ... | 1997 | 9410073 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of gv129606, a new broad-spectrum trinem. | gv129606 is a new parenteral trinem antibiotic belonging to the beta-lactam class. it combines broad-spectrum activity (against gram-negative and -positive bacteria, aerobes and anaerobes), with high potency and resistance to beta-lactamases. comparative in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities were determined for gv129606 against more than 400 recent clinical isolates (aerobes, including beta-lactamase producers, and anaerobes), using representative antibacterial agents (meropenem, piperac ... | 1997 | 9420050 |