| inflammatory responses of a macrophage/epithelial cell co-culture model to mono and mixed infections with porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia. | accumulated evidence points to porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia as three major etiologic agents of chronic periodontitis. epithelial cells and macrophages play a major role in the host response to periodontopathogens, and the secretion of inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) by these host cells is believed to contribute to periodontal tissue destruction. the aim of this study was to investigate the inflammatory response of a macrophag ... | 2006 | 16153871 |
| quantitative analysis of multi-species oral biofilms by taqman real-time pcr. | oral infectious diseases, including dental caries, various forms of periodontitis and oral malodor, are not caused by a single pathogen. the etiology of these diseases is known to be associated with bacterial accumulation and plaque composition on the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. therefore, the quantitative, as well as qualitative, analysis of the microorganisms present in oral biofilms, namely dental plaque, subgingival plaque and tongue debris, is important for diagnosis and ratio ... | 2005 | 16160072 |
| homologues of insecticidal toxin complex genes in yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1a and their contribution to virulence. | yersinia enterocolitica is an enteric pathogen that consists of six biotypes: 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, and 5. strains of the latter five biotypes can carry a virulence plasmid, known as pyv, and several well-characterized chromosomally encoded virulence determinants. y. enterocolitica strains of biotype 1a lack the virulence-associated markers of pyv-bearing strains and were once considered to be avirulent. there is growing epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence, however, to suggest that s ... | 2005 | 16177365 |
| evaluation of liaison treponema screen, a novel recombinant antigen-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for laboratory diagnosis of syphilis. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of liaison treponema screen (diasorin, saluggia, italy), a new automated chemiluminescence immunoassay (clia), in comparison with that of rapid plasma reagin (rpr) and the following currently used treponemal tests: hemagglutination test (tpha), immunoenzymatic assay (eia), and western blot (wb). first, a retrospective study was performed with a panel of 2,494 blood donor sera, a panel of 131 clinical and serologically character ... | 2005 | 16210488 |
| probing the role of tyr 64 of treponema denticola cystalysin by site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic studies. | tyr 64, hydrogen-bonded to coenzyme phosphate in treponema denticola cystalysin, was changed to alanine by site-directed mutagenesis. spectroscopic and kinetic properties of the tyr 64 mutant were investigated in an effort to explore the differences in coenzyme structure and kinetic mechanism relative to those of the wild-type enzyme. the wild type displays coenzyme absorbance bands at 418 and 320 nm, previously attributed to ketoenamine and substituted aldamine, respectively. the tyr 64 mutant ... | 2005 | 16229486 |
| demonstration of factor h-like protein 1 binding to treponema denticola, a pathogen associated with periodontal disease in humans. | treponema denticola is an important contributor to periodontal disease. in this study we investigated the ability of t. denticola to bind the complement regulatory proteins factor h and factor h-like protein 1 (fhl-1). the binding of these proteins has been demonstrated to facilitate evasion of the alternative complement cascade and/or to play a role in adherence and invasion. here we demonstrate that t. denticola specifically binds fhl-1 via a 14-kda, surface-exposed protein that we designated ... | 2005 | 16239506 |
| defining the interaction of the treponema pallidum adhesin tp0751 with laminin. | various invasive pathogens attach to host tissues via the extracellular matrix component laminin, the major glycoprotein found within basement membranes. previous investigations identified the laminin-binding adhesin tp0751 within the spirochete bacterium treponema pallidum. in the current study, tp0751 was shown to attach to a variety of laminin isoforms that are widely distributed throughout the host, including laminins 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10. such universal attachment is conducive for an adhesin ... | 2005 | 16239550 |
| treponema denticola infection is not a cause of false positive treponema pallidum serology. | it has long been assumed that parodontal disease can be a cause of false positive results in syphilis serology, but so far there are no definitive data supporting this hypothesis. in this study we tested 250 serum samples obtained from blood donors. all of them were negative when routinely screened for antibodies against treponema pallidum. then, all these samples were tested by immunoenzymatic (elisa) and western blot (wb) assays to investigate reactivities against t. denticola. thirteen sample ... | 2005 | 16240693 |
| dissimilatory metabolism of nitrogen oxides in bacteria: comparative reconstruction of transcriptional networks. | bacterial response to nitric oxide (no) is of major importance since no is an obligatory intermediate of the nitrogen cycle. transcriptional regulation of the dissimilatory nitric oxides metabolism in bacteria is diverse and involves fnr-like transcription factors hcpr, dnr, and nnrr; two-component systems narxl and narqp; no-responsive activator norr; and nitrite-sensitive repressor nsrr. using comparative genomics approaches, we predict dna-binding motifs for these transcriptional factors and ... | 2005 | 16261196 |
| distribution of 10 periodontal bacteria in saliva samples from japanese children and their mothers. | we analyzed the distribution of 10 periodontal bacteria species (porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythensis, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga sputigena, and treponema denticola) in children, and then compared their distribution in those children and their mothers, with special attention given to three of the species known as the red complex (p. gingivalis, ... | 2006 | 16269128 |
| defining the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity. | more than 700 bacterial species or phylotypes, of which over 50% have not been cultivated, have been detected in the oral cavity. our purposes were (i) to utilize culture-independent molecular techniques to extend our knowledge on the breadth of bacterial diversity in the healthy human oral cavity, including not-yet-cultivated bacteria species, and (ii) to determine the site and subject specificity of bacterial colonization. nine sites from five clinically healthy subjects were analyzed. sites i ... | 2005 | 16272510 |
| biofilm formation by the periodontopathic bacteria treponema denticola and porphyromonas gingivalis. | periodontitis develops as a result of the interaction of the host with subgingival plaque bacteria. both porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola are frequently associated together in these oral biofilms. | 2005 | 16277575 |
| involvement of periodontopathic anaerobes in aspiration pneumonia. | increasing evidence has linked the anaerobic bacteria forming periodontopathic biofilms with aspiration pneumonia in elderly persons. in experiments designed to eliminate the potent respiratory pathogens forming biofilms in the oral cavity, we have shown that the mechanical and chemical oral cleansing using povidone-iodine effectively reduced the detection rates and numbers of methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus species, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae in patients scheduled ... | 2005 | 16277588 |
| chex is a phosphorylated chey phosphatase essential for borrelia burgdorferi chemotaxis. | motility and chemotaxis are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of lyme disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. controlling the phosphorylation state of chey, a response regulator protein, is essential for regulating bacterial chemotaxis and motility. rapid dephosphorylation of phosphorylated chey (chey-p) is crucial for cells to respond to environmental changes. chey-p dephosphorylation is accomplished by one or more phosphatases in different species, including chez, che ... | 2005 | 16291669 |
| streptococci dominate the diverse flora within buccal cells. | previously, we reported that intracellular actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and tannerella forsythensis were present within buccal epithelial cells from human subjects, as lesser components of a polymicrobial flora. in this study, we further characterized that intracellular flora by using the same double-labeling techniques to identify fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, oral campylobacter species, eikenella corrodens, treponema denticola, gemella haemo ... | 2005 | 16304448 |
| evaluation of gel-pad oligonucleotide microarray technology by using artificial neural networks. | past studies have suggested that thermal dissociation analysis of nucleic acids hybridized to dna microarrays would improve discrimination among duplex types by scanning through a broad range of stringency conditions. to more fully constrain the utility of this approach using a previously described gel-pad microarray format, artificial neural networks (nns) were trained to recognize noisy or low-quality data, as might derive from nonspecific fluorescence, poor hybridization, or compromised data ... | 2005 | 16332861 |
| identification and localization of extraradicular biofilm-forming bacteria associated with refractory endodontic pathogens. | bacterial biofilms have been found to develop on root surfaces outside the apical foramen and be associated with refractory periapical periodontitis. however, it is unknown which bacterial species form extraradicular biofilms. the present study aimed to investigate the identity and localization of bacteria in human extraradicular biofilms. twenty extraradicular biofilms, used to identify bacteria using a pcr-based 16s rrna gene assay, and seven root-tips, used to observe immunohistochemical loca ... | 2005 | 16332869 |
| prospective study of the long term change of the oral flora after radiation therapy. | the aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the long term change in oral pathogens following radiation therapy. | 2006 | 16341728 |
| [experience in medical ozone use for root canal treatment]. | the results of clinical and laboratory assessment of effectiveness of psr-diagnosis are presented. the high efficacy of ozone therapy is revealed. the findings demonstrate the reduction of number in the micro-organisms in root canal: actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans from 31.25% to 10.21%; bacteriodes forsythus from 68.75% to 15.50%; treponema denticola from 37.5% to 11.4%; porphyromonas gingivalis from 56.25% to 45%; prevotella intermedia from 16% to 0%. | 2005 | 16353031 |
| characterization, distribution, and expression of novel genes among eight clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae. | eight low-passage-number streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates, each of a different serotype and a different multilocus sequence type, were obtained from pediatric participants in a pneumococcal vaccine trial. comparative genomic analyses were performed with these strains and two s. pneumoniae reference strains. individual genomic libraries were constructed for each of the eight clinical isolates, with an average insert size of approximately 1 kb. a total of 73,728 clones were picked for ar ... | 2006 | 16368987 |
| fusobacterium nucleatum transports noninvasive streptococcus cristatus into human epithelial cells. | analysis of human buccal epithelial cells frequently reveals an intracellular polymicrobial consortium of bacteria. although several oral bacteria have been demonstrated to invade cultured epithelial cells, several others appear unable to internalize. we hypothesized that normally noninvasive bacteria may gain entry into epithelial cells via adhesion to invasive bacteria. fusobacterium nucleatum is capable of binding to and invading oral epithelial cells. by contrast, streptococcus cristatus bin ... | 2006 | 16369022 |
| lipoprotein computational prediction in spirochaetal genomes. | lipoproteins are of great interest in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of spirochaetes. because spirochaete lipobox sequences exhibit more plasticity than those of other bacteria, application of existing prediction algorithms to emerging sequence data has been problematic. in this paper a novel lipoprotein prediction algorithm is described, designated splip, constructed as a hybrid of a lipobox weight matrix approach supplemented by a set of lipoprotein signal peptide rules allowing for ... | 2006 | 16385121 |
| relationship of periodontal bacteria and porphyromonas gingivalis fima variations with phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth. | we investigated the relationship between phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth (go) and the harboring of periodontal bacteria. | 2006 | 16390469 |
| [microbiological study on the prognosis of immediate implant and periodontal disease]. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of periodontal marker organisms and specific interleukin-1 (il-1) gene polymorphisms (which show a close association with periodontitis) and their effect on the success of immediate implant placement postextraction in the patient with periodontal disease. | 2006 | 16395549 |
| recovery and evolutionary analysis of complete integron gene cassette arrays from vibrio. | integrons are genetic elements capable of the acquisition, rearrangement and expression of genes contained in gene cassettes. gene cassettes generally consist of a promoterless gene associated with a recombination site known as a 59-base element (59-be). multiple insertion events can lead to the assembly of large integron-associated cassette arrays. the most striking examples are found in vibrio, where such cassette arrays are widespread and can range from 30 kb to 150 kb. besides those found in ... | 2006 | 16417647 |
| biological basis for syphilis. | syphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum. clinical manifestations separate the disease into stages; late stages of disease are now uncommon compared to the preantibiotic era. t. pallidum has an unusually small genome and lacks genes that encode many metabolic functions and classical virulence factors. the organism is extremely sensitive to environmental conditions and has not been continuously cultivated in vitro. nonetheless, t. pallidum is ... | 2006 | 16418521 |
| regulation and physiologic significance of the agmatine deiminase system of streptococcus mutans ua159. | we previously demonstrated that streptococcus mutans expresses a functional agmatine deiminase system (agds) encoded by the agmatine-inducible agubdac operon (a. r. griswold, y. y. chen, and r. a. burne, j. bacteriol. 186:1902-1904, 2004). the agds yields ammonia, co2, and atp while converting agmatine to putrescine and is proposed to augment the acid resistance properties and pathogenic potential of s. mutans. to initiate a study of agu gene regulation, the agub transcription initiation site wa ... | 2006 | 16428386 |
| function and evolution of plasmid-borne genes for pyrimidine biosynthesis in borrelia spp. | the thyx gene for thymidylate synthase of the lyme borreliosis (lb) agent borrelia burgdorferi is located in a 54-kb linear plasmid. in the present study, we identified an orthologous thymidylate synthase gene in the relapsing fever (rf) agent borrelia hermsii, located it in a 180-kb linear plasmid, and demonstrated its expression. the functions of the b. hermsii and b. burgdorferi thyx gene products were evaluated both in vivo, by complementation of a thymidylate synthase-deficient escherichia ... | 2006 | 16428394 |
| the transmission of anaerobic periodontopathic organisms. | the oral microbial flora is unique, and available evidence indicates that it is passed vertically from parents to children. in this investigation, we used a chairside assay for the n-benzoyl-dl-arginine-2-naphthylamide (bana)-sensitive enzyme found in porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythensis, to determine the prevalence of these bana-positive species in young children and their caregivers. we predicted that if the bana enzyme was found in plaque samples of child ... | 2006 | 16434739 |
| the metabolism of cholesterol and certain hormonal steroids by treponema denticola. | the aim was to investigate whether reference cultures and fresh isolates of treponema denticola are able to 5alpha-reduce and further metabolise testosterone, 4-androstenedione, progesterone, corticosterone, cortisol or cholesterol. two reference and five freshly isolated cultures of t. denticola were incubated with either radiolabeled or unlabeled steroid substrates; in the first case products were identified by thin layer chromatography and in the latter by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy ... | 2006 | 16436288 |
| supportive periodontal therapy using mechanical instrumentation or 2% minocycline gel: a 12 month randomized, controlled, single masked pilot study. | to compare the short-term performance of subgingival local delivery of 2% minocycline gel and conventional subgingival debridement in supportive periodontal therapy (spt) patients. | 2006 | 16441740 |
| comparison of bacterial plaque samples from titanium implant and tooth surfaces by different methods. | studies have shown similarities in the microflora between titanium implants or tooth sites when samples are taken by gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) sampling methods. the purpose of the present study was to study the microflora from curette and gcf samples using the checkerboard dna-dna hybridization method to assess the microflora of patients who had at least one oral osseo-integrated implant and who were otherwise dentate. plaque samples were taken from tooth/implant surfaces and from sulcular ... | 2006 | 16441779 |
| early colonization of non-submerged dental implants in patients with a history of advanced aggressive periodontitis. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the early colonization of non-submerged implants over a 6-month period in partially edentulous patients treated for advanced aggressive periodontal disease. in 22 patients treated for advanced aggressive periodontitis and in a supportive maintenance program for a period between 12 and 240 months at implant surgery, a total of 68 non-submerged dental implants were installed. patients had a plaque score below 20%, and less than 20% of the pockets around the tee ... | 2006 | 16441780 |
| inhibition of periodontopathogen-derived proteolytic enzymes by a high-molecular-weight fraction isolated from cranberry. | porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola are three major aetiological agents of chronic periodontitis. the strong proteolytic activities of these bacteria are critical to their survival since their energy source is obtained from peptides and amino acids derived from proteins. in addition, proteases are important factors contributing to periodontal tissue destruction by a variety of mechanisms, including direct tissue degradation and modulation of host inflammatory r ... | 2006 | 16473919 |
| brucella abortus synthesizes phosphatidylcholine from choline provided by the host. | the brucella cell envelope is characterized by the presence of phosphatidylcholine (pc), a common phospholipid in eukaryotes that is rare in prokaryotes. studies on the composition of brucella abortus 2308 phospholipids revealed that the synthesis of pc depends on the presence of choline in the culture medium, suggesting that the methylation biosynthetic pathway is not functional. phospholipid composition of pmta and pcs mutants indicated that in brucella, pc synthesis occurs exclusively via the ... | 2006 | 16484204 |
| is pre-term labour associated with periodontitis in a danish maternity ward? | to reveal differences in periodontal status and presence of subgingival bacteria in a scandinavian population of women with pre-term birth compared with women who delivered at term. | 2006 | 16489943 |
| modulation of human neutrophil functions in vitro by treponema denticola major outer sheath protein. | in this study of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns), pretreatment with treponema denticola major outer sheath protein (msp) inhibited formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp)-induced chemotaxis, phagocytosis of immunoglobulin g-coated microspheres, fmlp-stimulated calcium transients, and actin assembly. msp neither altered oxidative responses to phorbol myristate or fmlp nor induced apoptosis. msp selectively impairs chemotaxis and phagocytosis by impacting the pmn cytoskeleton. | 2006 | 16495573 |
| selective binding of borrelia burgdorferi ospe paralogs to factor h and serum proteins from diverse animals: possible expansion of the role of ospe in lyme disease pathogenesis. | the binding of borrelia burgdorferi ospe, ospf, and family 163 (elp) proteins to factor h/factor h-like protein 1 (fhl-1) and other serum proteins from different animals was assessed. ospe paralogs bound factor h and unidentified serum proteins from a subset of animals, while ospf and elp proteins did not. these data advance our understanding of factor h binding, the host range of the lyme spirochetes, and the expanding role of ospe in pathogenesis. | 2006 | 16495576 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of a high-molecular-weight cranberry fraction on macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharides from periodontopathogens. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting oral tissues. the continuous, high production of cytokines by host cells triggered by periodontopathogens is thought to be responsible for the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. macrophages play a critical role in this host inflammatory response to periodontopathogens. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of non-dialyzable material prepared from cranberry juice concentrate on the pro-inflammatory cytokine response of ... | 2006 | 16498070 |
| description of the subgingival microbiota of periodontally untreated mexican subjects: chronic periodontitis and periodontal health. | recent studies have suggested that changes in the prevalence and/or proportion of distinct microorganisms characterize the subgingival microbial profiles of populations around the world. at present, no information is available on the subgingival microbiota of mexican subjects. the purpose of the present study was to determine the microbial composition of subgingival plaque in mexican subjects with untreated chronic periodontitis. | 2006 | 16512761 |
| detection of bacterial dna in atheromatous plaques by quantitative pcr. | this is the first study to analyze atheromatous plaques for the presence of bacterial dna from ten species, including periodontal species and chlamydia pneumoniae. we examined 129 samples of dna extracted from atheromas from 29 individuals for the presence of bacterial 16s rdna sequences from ten different species: porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (a.a.), tannerella forsythensis, eikenella corrodens, prevotella intermedia, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epide ... | 2006 | 16513386 |
| periodontal infections and coronary heart disease: role of periodontal bacteria and importance of total pathogen burden in the coronary event and periodontal disease (corodont) study. | chronic inflammation from any source is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. periodontitis is a possible trigger of chronic inflammation. we investigated the possible association between periodontitis and coronary heart disease (chd), focusing on microbiological aspects. | 2006 | 16534043 |
| identification of a homozygous deletion in the ap3b1 gene causing hermansky-pudlak syndrome, type 2. | we report on the molecular etiology of an unusual clinical phenotype associating congenital neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, developmental delay, and hypopigmentation. using genetic linkage analysis and targeted gene sequencing, we defined a homozygous genomic deletion in ap3b1, the gene encoding the beta chain of the adaptor protein-3 (ap-3) complex. the mutation leads to in-frame skipping of exon 15 and thus perturbs proper assembly of the heterotetrameric ap-3 complex. consequently, trafficking ... | 2006 | 16537806 |
| molecular analyses of the interaction of borrelia hermsii fhba with the complement regulatory proteins factor h and factor h-like protein 1. | borrelia hermsii, the primary etiological agent of tick-borne relapsing fever in north america, binds the complement regulatory protein factor h (fh) as a means of evading opsonophagocytosis and the alternative complement pathway. the ability of fh-binding protein a (fhba) to bind fh-like protein 1 (fhl-1) has not been assessed previously. in this study, using a whole-cell absorption assay, we demonstrated that b. hermsii absorbs both fh and fhl-1 from human serum. consistent with this, affinity ... | 2006 | 16552029 |
| exposure of lymphocytes to high doses of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin induces rapid onset of apoptosis-mediated dna fragmentation. | we have shown previously that treatment of human lymphocytes with the actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) results in dose-dependent g2 arrest, followed 24 h later by apoptotic cell death. here we demonstrated that for jurkat cells exposed to high concentrations of cdt (>0.2 ng/ml) there was a dose-dependent increase in the level of s-phase cells and a concomitant decrease in the level of g2 cells. fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis demonstrated that th ... | 2006 | 16552037 |
| topical h2 antagonist prevents periodontitis in a rabbit model. | cimetidine is a powerful h2 receptor antagonist that eliminates histamine's effects on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and superoxide anion production by phagocytes. the purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and histopathological changes associated with experimental periodontitis in rabbits in response to topically applied cimetidine. experimental periodontitis was induced in 21 new zealand white rabbits using porphyromonas gingivalis (10(9) cfu) topically applied three times a week for a ... | 2006 | 16552070 |
| the treponema denticola surface protease dentilisin degrades interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta), il-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. | dentilisin is a major surface protease and virulence factor of the bacterium treponema denticola. in this study, we found that t. denticola reduced inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1beta (il-1beta), il-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells through degradation by dentilisin. | 2006 | 16552080 |
| clinical and microbiological effects of different antimicrobials on generalized aggressive periodontitis. | to evaluate and compare the effects of adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin, doxycycline and metronidazole on clinical and microbiological parameters in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. | 2006 | 16553634 |
| protease-activated receptor-2 activation: a major role in the pathogenesis of porphyromonas gingivalis infection. | we have investigated the specific contribution of protease-activated receptor-2 (par(2)) to host defense during porphyromonas gingivalis infection. culture supernatants from p. gingivalis strains 33277 and w50 provoked ca(2+) mobilization in cells transfected with par(2) (par(2)-knrk) and desensitized the subsequent responses to par(2)-selective agonist. in addition, culture supernatants of p. gingivalis e8 (rgpa/rgpb double knockout) did not cause calcium response in par(2)-knrk cells, evidenci ... | 2006 | 16565494 |
| subgingival and tongue microbiota during early periodontitis. | periodontal infections have a microbial etiology. association of species with early disease would be useful in determining which microbes initiate periodontitis. we hypothesized that the microbiota of subgingival and tongue samples would differ between early periodontitis and health. a cross-sectional evaluation of 141 healthy and early periodontitis adults was performed with the use of oligonucleotide probes and pcr. most species differed in associations with sample sites; most subgingival spec ... | 2006 | 16567551 |
| relationship of serum advanced glycation end products with deterioration of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients. | a close relationship between diabetes and chronic periodontitis has been demonstrated. we previously found that porphyromonas gingivalis with the type ii fima gene is an infectious factor closely associated with the deterioration seen in diabetic periodontitis patients. in the present study, we examined whether other biomarkers are related to the development and deterioration of periodontitis often seen in type 2 diabetic individuals. | 2006 | 16579698 |
| local oxygen therapy for treating acute necrotizing periodontal disease in smokers. | the main aim of treatment for acute necrotizing periodontal disease is fast and effective reduction of anaerobic destructive microorganisms to avoid periodontal damage. the effect of adjunctive local oxygen therapy in the treatment of necrotizing periodontal disease was examined in this study. | 2006 | 16579700 |
| langerhans' cell histiocytosis in a 5-year-old girl: evidence of periodontal pathogens. | langerhans' cell histiocytosis (lch) is a rare disorder characterized by langerhans' cell proliferation in various organs or tissues. when periodontal tissue is involved, clinical manifestations can vary from gingival recession and pocket formation to severe alveolar bone loss. this case report describes periodontal pathogens found in the pockets of involved primary teeth. | 2006 | 16584357 |
| identification of oral bacteria associated with crevicular epithelial cells from chronic periodontitis lesions. | bacterial invasion of host epithelial cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases; however, the interactions between subgingival species and the gingival crevice cells are not fully understood. this study determined the prevalence of a group of oral bacterial species on or in epithelial cells derived from periodontal pockets and the gingival crevice of subjects with periodontitis. samples of epithelial cells were obtained from 120 sites with periodontal pockets > or ... | 2006 | 16585650 |
| the hemoglobin receptor protein of porphyromonas gingivalis inhibits receptor activator nf-kappab ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis from bone marrow macrophages. | extracellular proteinaceous factors of porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, that influence receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) ligand (rankl)-induced osteoclastogenesis from bone marrow macrophages were investigated. the culture supernatant of p. gingivalis had the ability to inhibit rankl-induced in vitro osteoclastogenesis. a major protein of the culture supernatant, hemoglobin receptor protein (hbr), suppressed rankl-induced osteoclastogenesis in a dose-depend ... | 2006 | 16622189 |
| inhibitory effects of macrocarpals on the biological activity of porphyromonas gingivalis and other periodontopathic bacteria. | macrocarpals, which are phloroglucinol derivatives contained in eucalyptus leaves, exhibit antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria including oral bacteria. this study examined effects of macrocarpals a, b, and c on periodontopathic bacteria, especially porphyromonas gingivalis. | 2006 | 16626372 |
| [quantitative analysis of periodontal pathogens in aggressive periodontitis patients in a japanese population]. | the aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between the relative/absolute numbers of periodontal bacteria and different types of periodontitis. fifteen patients with localized aggressive periodontitis (lagp), 25 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (gagp) and 28 patients with chronic periodontitis (cp) were included in this study. saliva and subgingival plaque samples were collected from all subjects for microbiological analysis. the prevalence and proportions of a ... | 2006 | 16629473 |
| escherichia coli acid resistance: ph-sensing, activation by chloride and autoinhibition in gadb. | escherichia coli and other enterobacteria exploit the h+ -consuming reaction catalysed by glutamate decarboxylase to survive the stomach acidity before reaching the intestine. here we show that chloride, extremely abundant in gastric secretions, is an allosteric activator producing a 10-fold increase in the decarboxylase activity at ph 5.6. cooperativity and sensitivity to chloride were lost when the n-terminal 14 residues, involved in the formation of two triple-helix bundles, were deleted by m ... | 2006 | 16675957 |
| prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria on the tongue dorsum of elderly people. | the aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of oral bacteria on the dorsum of the tongue. in addition, the relationship between the number of teeth and the microflora present on the coating of the tongue in a population of 85-year-old people was assessed. | 2006 | 16677187 |
| whole-genome transcription profiling reveals genes up-regulated by growth on fucose in the human gut bacterium "roseburia inulinivorans". | "roseburia inulinivorans" is an anaerobic polysaccharide-utilizing firmicute bacterium from the human colon that was identified as a producer of butyric acid during growth on glucose, starch, or inulin. r. inulinivorans a2-194 is also able to grow on the host-derived sugar fucose, following a lag period, producing propionate and propanol as additional fermentation products. a shotgun genomic microarray was constructed and used to investigate the switch in gene expression that is involved in chan ... | 2006 | 16740940 |
| usefulness of real time pcr for the differentiation and quantification of 652 and jp2 actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans genotypes in dental plaque and saliva. | the aim of our study is to describe a fast molecular method, able to distinguish and quantize the two different genotypes (652 and jp2) of an important periodontal pathogen: actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. the two genotypes show differences in the expression of an important pathogenic factor: the leukotoxin (ltx). in order to evidence this, we performed a real time pcr procedure on the ltx operon, able to recognize aa clinical isolates with different leukotoxic potentials. | 2006 | 16772039 |
| t-cell expression cloning of porphyromonas gingivalis genes coding for t helper-biased immune responses during infection. | exposure of the mouse oral cavity to porphyromonas gingivalis results in the development of gingivitis and periapical bone loss, which apparently are associated with a th1 response to bacterial antigens. we have used this infection model in conjunction with direct t-cell expression cloning to identify bacterial antigens that induce a preferential or biased t helper response during the infectious process. a p. gingivalis-specific cd4 t-cell line derived from mice at 3 weeks postchallenge was used ... | 2006 | 16790769 |
| omega-3 fatty acid effect on alveolar bone loss in rats. | gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption are hallmarks of adult periodontitis, elicited in response to oral micro-organisms such as porphyromonas gingivalis. we hypothesized that omega (omega)-3 fatty acids (fa) dietary supplementation would modulate inflammatory reactions leading to periodontal disease in infected rats. rats were fed fish oil (omega-3 fa) or corn oil (n-6 fa) diets for 22 weeks and were infected with p. gingivalis. rats on the omega-3 fa diet exhibited elevated serum ... | 2006 | 16798867 |
| bacterial profile and burden of periodontal infection in subjects with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. | periodontitis has been identified as a potential risk factor in cardiovascular diseases. it is possible that the stimulation of host responses to oral infections may result in vascular damage and the inducement of blood clotting. the aim of this study was to assess the role of periodontal infection and bacterial burden as an explanatory variable to the activation of the inflammatory process leading to acute coronary syndrome (acs). | 2006 | 16805672 |
| surface protease of treponema denticola hydrolyzes c3 and influences function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | treponema denticola is a dominant microorganism in human periodontal lesions. one of the major virulence factors of this microorganism is its chymotrypsin-like surface protease, dentilisin. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentilisin on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns). we used chemiluminescence to assess production of o(-)(2) by pmns against t. denticola atcc 35405 and dentilisin-deficient mutant k1. t. denticola atcc 35405 induced production of o(-)(2), whereas ... | 2006 | 16815066 |
| [prevalence of putative periodontal microorganisms in chinese patients with aggressive periodontitis]. | to evaluate the prevalence of putative periodontal microorganism in chinese patients with aggressive periodontitis (agp). | 2006 | 16836903 |
| effectiveness of ultrasonic instruments in the therapy of severe periodontitis: a comparative clinical-microbiological assessment with curettes. | patients with deep periodontal pockets were treated with either vector system (tg) or manual instruments (cg). clinical assessments by supragingival plaque (pl+), gingival index (gi), bleeding on probing (bop), probing depth (pd), clinical attachment level (cal) and subgingival plaque collection for microbiological analysis were made prior to and after treatment. multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the presence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, ... | 2006 | 16841550 |
| identification of biofilm proteins in non-typeable haemophilus influenzae. | non-typeable haemophilus influenzae biofilm formation is implicated in a number of chronic infections including otitis media, sinusitis and bronchitis. biofilm structure includes cells and secreted extracellular matrix that is "slimy" and believed to contribute to the antibiotic resistant properties of biofilm bacteria. components of biofilm extracellular matrix are largely unknown. in order to identify such biofilm proteins an ex-vivo biofilm of a non-typeable haemophilus influenzae isolate, or ... | 2006 | 16854240 |
| enhanced biofilm formation and loss of capsule synthesis: deletion of a putative glycosyltransferase in porphyromonas gingivalis. | periodontitis is a biofilm-mediated disease. porphyromonas gingivalis is an obligate anaerobe consistently associated with severe manifestations of this disease. as an opportunistic pathogen, the ability to proliferate within and disseminate from subgingival biofilm (plaque) is central to its virulence. here, we report the isolation of a p. gingivalis transposon insertion mutant altered in biofilm development and the reconstruction and characterization of this mutation in three different wild-ty ... | 2006 | 16855241 |
| antibody response after single-visit full-mouth ultrasonic debridement versus quadrant-wise therapy. | the aim of this study was to compare serum antibody responses to periodontal pathogens after single-visit full-mouth ultrasonic debridement and quadrant-wise therapy. | 2006 | 16856899 |
| treponema denticola in disseminating endodontic infections. | treponema denticola is a consensus periodontal pathogen that has recently been associated with endodontic pathology. in this study, the effect of mono-infection of the dental pulp with t. denticola and with polymicrobial "red-complex" organisms (rc) (porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and t. denticola) in inducing disseminating infections in wild-type (wt) and severe-combined-immunodeficiency (scid) mice was analyzed. after 21 days, a high incidence (5/10) of orofacial abscesses was ... | 2006 | 16861296 |
| identification of smtb/arsr cis elements and proteins in archaea using the prokaryotic intergenic exploration database (piged). | microbial genome sequencing projects have revealed an apparently wide distribution of smtb/arsr metal-responsive transcriptional regulators among prokaryotes. using a position-dependent weight matrix approach, prokaryotic genome sequences were screened for smtb/arsr dna binding sites using data derived from intergenic sequences upstream of orthologous genes encoding these regulators. sixty smtb/arsr operators linked to metal detoxification genes, including nine among various archaeal species, ar ... | 2006 | 16877320 |
| sampling strategy for intraoral detection of periodontal pathogens before and following periodontal therapy. | the aim of this study was to identify a sampling strategy with high probability for detecting oral colonization by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, eikenella corrodens, tannerella forsythensis, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens, and treponema denticola before and following mechanical periodontal therapy. | 2006 | 16881801 |
| roles of the host oxidative immune response and bacterial antioxidant rubrerythrin during porphyromonas gingivalis infection. | the efficient clearance of microbes by neutrophils requires the concerted action of reactive oxygen species and microbicidal components within leukocyte secretory granules. rubrerythrin (rbr) is a nonheme iron protein that protects many air-sensitive bacteria against oxidative stress. using oxidative burst-knockout (nadph oxidase-null) mice and an rbr gene knockout bacterial strain, we investigated the interplay between the phagocytic oxidative burst of the host and the oxidative stress response ... | 2006 | 16895445 |
| antimicrobial therapy using a local drug delivery system (arestin) in the treatment of peri-implantitis. i: microbiological outcomes. | to assess the microbiological outcome of local administration of minocycline hydrochloride microspheres 1 mg (arestin) in cases with peri-implantitis and with a follow-up period of 12 months. | 2006 | 16907769 |
| arginine-specific gingipains from porphyromonas gingivalis deprive protective functions of secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor in periodontal tissue. | chronic periodontitis is correlated with porphyromonas gingivalis infection. in this study, we found that the expression of secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (slpi), an endogenous inhibitor for neutrophil-derived proteases, was reduced in gingival tissues with chronic periodontitis associated with p. gingivalis infection. the addition of vesicles of p. gingivalis decreased the amount of slpi in the media of primary human gingival keratinocytes compared to untreated cultures. we therefore in ... | 2006 | 16907925 |
| comparative genome analysis: selection pressure on the borrelia vls cassettes is essential for infectivity. | at least three species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bbsl) cause tick-borne lyme disease. previous work including the genome analysis of b. burgdorferi b31 and b. garinii pbi suggested a highly variable plasmid part. the frequent occurrence of duplicated sequence stretches, the observed plasmid redundancy, as well as the mainly unknown function and variability of plasmid encoded genes rendered the relationships between plasmids within and between species largely unresolvable. | 2006 | 16914037 |
| association of eubacterium nodatum and treponema denticola with human periodontitis lesions. | the purpose of the present investigation was to compare the levels, proportions and percentage of sites colonized by 40 bacterial species in subgingival plaque samples from periodontally healthy subjects and patients with chronic periodontitis to seek possible pathogens other than the consensus pathogens porphyromonas gingivalis and tannerella forsythia. | 2006 | 16922925 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis vesicles enhance attachment, and the leucine-rich repeat bspa protein is required for invasion of epithelial cells by "tannerella forsythia". | the human oral cavity harbors more than 500 species of bacteria. periodontitis, a bacterially induced inflammatory disease that leads to tooth loss, is believed to result from infection by a select group of gram-negative periodontopathogens that includes porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and "tannerella forsythia" (opinion on name change from tannerella forsythensis pending; formerly bacteroides forsythus). epithelial cell invasion by periodontopathogens is considered to be an impor ... | 2006 | 16926393 |
| novel conserved assembly factor of the bacterial flagellum. | tp0658 (fliw) and its orthologs, conserved proteins of unknown function in treponema pallidum and other species, interact with a c-terminal region of flagellin (flab1-3 in t. pallidum; flic in most other species). mutants of orthologs in bacillus subtilis and campylobacter jejuni (yvif, cj1075) showed strongly reduced motility. tp0658 stabilizes flagellin in a way similar to flis, suggesting that tp0658 is a conserved assembly factor for the bacterial flagellum. | 2006 | 16936039 |
| data mining for proteins characteristic of clades. | a synapomorphy is a phylogenetic character that provides evidence of shared descent. ideally a synapomorphy is ubiquitous within the clade of related organisms and nonexistent outside the clade, implying that it arose after divergence from other extant species and before the last common ancestor of the clade. with the recent proliferation of genetic sequence data, molecular synapomorphies have assumed great importance, yet there is no convenient means to search for them over entire genomes. we h ... | 2006 | 16936320 |
| inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry by a binding domain of porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission through saliva is extremely low. several oral components, including secretory immunoglobulin a and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, are known as potential inhibitory agents of hiv oral transmission. here we examined anti-hiv activity of oral bacterial components. we showed that recombinant protein hgp44 derived from porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the primary infectious agents of periodontitis, was capable of inhibiting hiv type 1 (hiv-1) r ... | 2006 | 16940103 |
| microbiota of the dorsum of the tongue after plaque accumulation: an experimental study in humans. | the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of the absence of tongue hygiene on the microbiota of the dorsum of the tongue. | 2006 | 16945032 |
| levels of matrix metalloproteinases-8 and -9 with simultaneous presence of periodontal pathogens in gingival crevicular fluid as well as matrix metalloproteinase-9 and cholesterol in blood. | to investigate the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) -8 and -9 with the simultaneous presence of periodontal pathogens in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) as well as mmp-9 and cholesterol in blood. although bacterial pathogens are required to initiate the periodontal disease process, in some individuals the reaction to bacteria may lead to an excessive host response, resulting in a general inflammatory response. | 2006 | 16953818 |
| molecular epidemiology of oral treponemes in patients with periodontitis and in periodontitis-resistant subjects. | the etiologic role of oral treponemes in human periodontitis is still under debate. although seen by dark-field microscopy in large numbers, their possible role is still unclear since they comprise some 60 different phylotypes, most of which are still uncultured. to determine their status as mere commensals or opportunistic pathogens, molecular epidemiological studies are required that include both cultured and as-yet-uncultured organisms. here we present such data, comparing treponemal populati ... | 2006 | 16954230 |
| detection of cariogenic streptococcus mutans in extirpated heart valve and atheromatous plaque specimens. | the involvement of oral bacteria in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases has been the focus of attention in many studies, and several periodontal pathogens have been detected in diseased cardiovascular lesions, suggesting relationships between oral microorganisms and cardiovascular diseases. however, no information is available regarding the involvement of cariogenic pathogens such as streptococcus mutans. the presence of oral streptococcal species and periodontitis-related bacteria in 35 ... | 2006 | 16954266 |
| diagnosis of gastric syphilis by direct immunofluorescence staining and real-time pcr testing. | we report on a case of gastric syphilis in a patient with chronic dyspepsia. the diagnosis was established by serology and the demonstration of spirochetes in diffusely inflammed gastric mucosa by staining with a fluorescent monoclonal antibody specific for pathogenic treponemes and by the detection of specific treponemal dna sequences by a real-time pcr. | 2006 | 16954299 |
| refuting phylogenetic relationships. | phylogenetic methods are philosophically grounded, and so can be philosophically biased in ways that limit explanatory power. this constitutes an important methodologic dimension not often taken into account. here we address this dimension in the context of concatenation approaches to phylogeny. | 2006 | 16956399 |
| periodontal therapy in siblings with papillon-lefèvre syndrome and tinea capitis: a report of two cases. | report of clinical and microbiological periodontal findings before and 6 months after treatment of two siblings with papillon-lefèvre syndrome (pls) and tinea capitis. | 2006 | 16970621 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of the biosynthesis of glutamine and glutamate, two major compatible solutes in the moderately halophilic bacterium halobacillus halophilus. | the moderately halophilic, chloride-dependent bacterium halobacillus halophilus produces glutamate and glutamine as main compatible solutes at external salinities of 1.0 to 1.5 m nacl. the routes for the biosynthesis of these solutes and their regulation were examined. the genome contains two genes potentially encoding glutamate dehydrogenases and two genes for the small subunit of a glutamate synthase, but only one gene for the large subunit. however, the expression of these genes was not salt ... | 2006 | 16980483 |
| molecular analysis of filifactor alocis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola associated with primary endodontic infections and failed endodontic treatment. | the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of strict anaerobes such as filifactor alocis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola in primary and secondary root-infected canals with periapical lesions by molecular analysis and the association of these species with specific endodontic signs and symptoms. microbial samples were taken from 100 root canals, 50 with necrotic pulp tissues (npt, primary infection), and 50 with failed endodontic treatment (fet, secondary infection). dna ... | 2006 | 16982268 |
| the flagellar cytoskeleton of the spirochetes. | the recent discoveries of prokaryotic homologs of all three major eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins (actin, tubulin, intermediate filaments) have spurred a resurgence of activity in the field of bacterial morphology. in spirochetes, however, it has long been known that the flagellar filaments act as a cytoskeletal protein structure, contributing to their shape and conferring motility on this unique phylum of bacteria. therefore, revisiting the spirochete cytoskeleton may lead to new paradigms for ... | 2006 | 16983197 |
| structural characterization of peptide-mediated inhibition of porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm formation. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen whose primary niche is the anaerobic environment of subgingival dental plaque, but initial colonization of the oral cavity is likely to occur on supragingival surfaces that already support robust biofilm communities. our studies have shown that p. gingivalis adheres to streptococcus gordonii through interaction of the minor fimbrial antigen mfa1 with a specific region of the streptococcal sspb polypeptide (residues 1167 to 1193) designated bar. ... | 2006 | 16988253 |
| identification and comparative analysis of sixteen fungal peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase repertoires. | the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (ppiase) class of proteins is present in all known eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and archaea, and it is comprised of three member families that share the ability to catalyze the cis/trans isomerisation of a prolyl bond. some fungi have been used as model systems to investigate the role of ppiases within the cell, however how representative these repertoires are of other fungi or humans has not been fully investigated. | 2006 | 16995943 |
| identification of mgla-regulated genes reveals novel virulence factors in francisella tularensis. | the facultative intracellular bacterium francisella tularensis causes the zoonotic disease tularemia. f. tularensis resides within host macrophages in vivo, and this ability is essential for pathogenesis. the transcription factor mgla is required for the expression of several francisella genes that are necessary for replication in macrophages and for virulence in mice. we hypothesized that the identification of mgla-regulated genes in the francisella genome by transcriptional profiling of wild-t ... | 2006 | 17000729 |
| the influence of cholesterol, progesterone, 4-androstenedione and testosterone on the growth of treponema denticola atcc 33520 in batch cultures. | previously, we have shown that reference and freshly isolated treponema denticola cultures are capable of metabolising cholesterol, progesterone, 4-androstenedione and testosterone by means of 5alpha-reductase, 3beta-and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity [clark dt, soory m. the metabolism of cholesterol and certain hormonal steroids by treponema denticola. steroids. 2006;71:352-63. ]. the aim of the work presented in this paper was to investigate the modulation of t. denticola growth ... | 2006 | 17011804 |
| holo- and apo-cystalysin from treponema denticola: two different conformations. | cystalysin, the key virulence factor in the bacterium treponema denticola responsible for periodontis, is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) enzyme which catalyzes, in addition to alpha,beta-elimination of l-cysteine, racemization and transamination of both enantiomers of alanine. in this paper several indicators have been used as probes of the different conformational status of t. denticola cystalysin in the holo and apo form. compared to holoenzyme, the apoenzyme displays an altered reactivity of ... | 2006 | 17014820 |
| denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis as a diagnostic tool in periodontal microbiology. | bacteria play an important role in the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases and are part of a biofilm, which can contain over 100 different species. the aim of the present study was to show the potential of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) as a tool for the detection of clinically relevant species and to compare the results of detection by dgge with those by pcr and culturing. hybridization of the bands from the dgge profiles with species-specific probes was developed ... | 2006 | 17021091 |
| changes in periodontal health status are associated with bacterial community shifts as assessed by quantitative 16s cloning and sequencing. | the gingival sulcus contains a complex ecosystem that includes many uncultivated bacteria. understanding the dynamics of this ecosystem in transitions between health and disease is important in advancing our understanding of the bacterial etiology of periodontitis. the objective of this longitudinal study was to examine the stability of bacterial colonization in the gingival crevice and to explore the relationship between shifts in microbial composition and changes in periodontal health status u ... | 2006 | 17021095 |
| rmlc, a c3' and c5' carbohydrate epimerase, appears to operate via an intermediate with an unusual twist boat conformation. | the striking feature of carbohydrates is their constitutional, conformational and configurational diversity. biology has harnessed this diversity and manipulates carbohydrate residues in a variety of ways, one of which is epimerization. rmlc catalyzes the epimerization of the c3' and c5' positions of dtdp-6-deoxy-d-xylo-4-hexulose, forming dtdp-6-deoxy-l-lyxo-4-hexulose. rmlc is the third enzyme of the rhamnose pathway, and represents a validated anti-bacterial drug target. although several stru ... | 2007 | 17046787 |