| Use of the Cre-loxP recombination system as an estimate for Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation of tobacco leaves. | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum) is used to study gene expression in a heterologous genetic background. Here, the Cre-loxP recombination system was used to detect T-DNA transfer by two A. tumefaciens cells harboring different binary vectors. Cre, under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter, was cloned into one vector, and a loxP cassette into another vector. A mixture of A. tumefaciens, in which each ... | 2011 | 22130741 |
| modulation of ethanol stress tolerance by aldehyde dehydrogenase in the mycorrhizal fungus tricholoma vaccinum. | we report the first mycorrhizal fungal aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, ald1, which was isolated from the basidiomycete tricholoma vaccinum. the gene, encoding a protein ald1 of 502 amino acids, is up-regulated in ectomycorrhiza. phylogenetic analyses using 53 specific fungal aldehyde dehydrogenases from all major phyla in the kingdom of fungi including ald1 and two partial sequences of t. vaccinum were performed to get an insight in the evolution of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. by using compe ... | 2011 | 22159964 |
| Proteomic changes in grape embryogenic callus in response to Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is highly required for studies of grapevine gene function and of huge potential for tailored variety improvements. However, grape is recalcitrant to transformation, and the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. To better understand the overall response of grapevine to A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation, the proteomic profile of cv. Prime embryogenic callus (EC) after co-cultivation with A. tumefaciens was investigated by two-dimensional el ... | 2011 | 21889056 |
| [t-dna integration patterns in transgenic plants mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens]. | the genetic transformation mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens has been widely applied to research of transgenic plants. as the vector of the exotic genes, the integration patterns of t-dna fragments affects not only transformation efficiency and stability, but also expression properties of the transgenes. this review summaries the two major patterns and the rules of t-dna integration in agrobacterim-mediated transformation, rules of t-dna mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens, as well as rese ... | 2011 | 22207378 |
| comparison of the 'ca. liberibacter asiaticus' genome adapted for an intracellular lifestyle with other members of the rhizobiales. | an intracellular plant pathogen 'candidatus liberibacter asiaticus,' a member of the rhizobiales, is related to sinorhizobium meliloti, bradyrhizobium japonicum, nitrogen fixing endosymbionts, agrobacterium tumefaciens, a plant pathogen, and bartonella henselae, an intracellular mammalian pathogen. whole chromosome comparisons identified at least 50 clusters of conserved orthologous genes found on the chromosomes of all five metabolically diverse species. the intracellular pathogens 'ca. liberib ... | 2011 | 21876745 |
| Constitutively expressed DHAR and MDHAR influence fruit, but not foliar ascorbate levels in tomato. | Vitamin C (L-ascorbate, AsA) is an essential nutrient required in key metabolic functions in humans and must be obtained from the diet, mainly from fruits and vegetables. Given its importance in human health and plant physiology we sought to examine the role of the ascorbate recycling enzymes monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), an economically important fruit crop. Cytosolic-targeted tomato genes Mdhar and Dhar were clone ... | 2011 | 21875809 |
| Reasons for lower transformation efficiency in indica rice using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation: lessons from transformation assays and genome-wide expression profiling. | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation has been routinely used in rice for more than a decade. However, the transformation efficiency of the indica rice variety is still unsatisfactory and much lower than that of japonica cultivars. Further improvement on the transformation efficiency lies in the genetic manipulation of the plant itself, which requires a better understanding of the underlying process accounting for the susceptibility of plant cells to Agrobacterium infection a ... | 2012 | 22089972 |
| international committee on systematics of prokaryotes subcommittee on the taxonomy of agrobacterium and rhizobium: minutes of the meeting, 7 september 2010, geneva, switzerland. | | 2011 | 22156799 |
| Membrane and core periplasmic Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence Type IV secretion system components localize to multiple sites around the bacterial perimeter during lateral attachment to plant cells. | Type IV secretion systems (T4SS) transfer DNA and/or proteins into recipient cells. Here we performed immunofluorescence deconvolution microscopy to localize the assembled T4SS by detection of its native components VirB1, VirB2, VirB4, VirB5, VirB7, VirB8, VirB9, VirB10, and VirB11 in the C58 nopaline strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, following induction of virulence (vir) gene expression. These different proteins represent T4SS components spanning the inner membrane, periplasm, or outer memb ... | 2011 | 22027007 |
| a photolyase-like protein from agrobacterium tumefaciens with an iron-sulfur cluster. | photolyases and cryptochromes are evolutionarily related flavoproteins with distinct functions. while photolyases can repair uv-induced dna lesions in a light-dependent manner, cryptochromes regulate growth, development and the circadian clock in plants and animals. here we report about two photolyase-related proteins, named phra and phrb, found in the phytopathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens. phra belongs to the class iii cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (cpd) photolyases, the sister class of plant ... | 2011 | 22066008 |
| polyethylene glycol (peg)-mediated transformation in filamentous fungal pathogens. | genetic transformation is an essential tool for the modern study of gene function and the genetic improvement of an organism. the genetic transformation of many fungal species is well established and can be carried out by utilizing different transformation methods including electroporation, agrobacterium, biolistics, or polyethylene glycol (peg)-mediated transformation. due to its technical simplicity and common equipment requirements, peg-mediated transformation is still the most commonly used ... | 2012 | 22183664 |
| agrobacterium counteracts host-induced degradation of its effector f-box protein. | the scf (skp1-cul1-f-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex plays a pivotal role in various biological processes, including host-pathogen interactions. many pathogens exploit the host scf machinery to promote efficient infection by translocating pathogen-encoded f-box proteins into the host cell. how pathogens ensure sufficient amounts of the f-box effectors in the host cell despite the intrinsically unstable nature of f-box proteins, however, remains unclear. we found that the agrobacterium f-bo ... | 2011 | 22009152 |
| dissimilatory ammonia production vs. denitrification in vitro and in inoculated agricultural soil samples. | a dissimilatory ammonia-producing isolate identified as enterobacter amnigenus and a denitrifier identified as agrobacterium radiobacter isolated from the same soil were studied. the products of nitrate reduction in a minimal medium, enriched with glucose and containing nitrate n as the sole nitrogen source, were quantified when each of these isolates was cultured anaerobically, alone or mixed together in the presence or absence of c(2)h(2). when they were cultured together, ammonia was the prin ... | 1990 | 22049939 |
| expression of mitochondrial gene fragments within the tapetum induce male-sterility by limiting the biogenesis of the respiratory machinery in transgenic tobacco plants. | plant mitochondrial genomes (mtdnas) are large and undergo frequent recombination events. a common phenotype that emerges as a consequence of altered mtdna structure is cytoplasmic-male-sterility (cms). the molecular basis for cms remains unclear, but it seems logical that altered respiration activities would result in reduced pollen production. analysis of plant mtdnas indicated that cms-associated loci often contain fragments of known organellar genes. these may assemble with organellar comple ... | 2012 | 22221327 |
| construction of rice minichromosomes by telomere mediated chromosomal truncation. | telomere truncation has been shown to be an efficient technology for the creation of minichromosomes, which can be used as artificial chromosome platforms for genetic engineering. artificial chromosome based genetic engineering is considered to be superior to existing techniques of randomized gene integration by agrobacterium or biolistic mediated genetic transformation. it organizes multiple transgenes as a unique genetic linkage block for subsequently manipulations in breeding. telomere trunca ... | 2012 | 22268496 |
| changes in gene transcription and protein expression involved in the response of agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749 to nitrogen availability during curdlan production. | the changes in transcription of genes involved in nitrogen metabolism and curdlan biosynthesis, and total protein expression were firstly analyzed to define the responses of agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749 to nitrogen source availability during curdlan fermentation. the transcription of all nitrogen metabolism and regulation genes increased significantly under nitrogen limitation. the genes of carbon (exoc) and nitrogen (ntrb, ntrc, and nifr) metabolism showed distinctive transcriptional responses ... | 2011 | 22232894 |
| genetic and functional characterization of a yet-unclassified rhizobial dtr (dna-transfer-and-replication) region from a ubiquitous plasmid conjugal system present in sinorhizobium meliloti, in sinorhizobium medicae, and in other nonrhizobial gram-negative bacteria. | rhizobia are gram-negative bacteria that live in soils and associate with leguminous plants to establish nitrogen-fixing symbioses. the ability of these bacteria to undergo horizontal gene transfer (hgt) is thought to be one of the main features to explain both the origin of their symbiotic life-style and the plasticity and dynamics of their genomes. in our laboratory we have previously characterized at the species level the non-psym plasmid mobilome in sinorhizobium meliloti, the symbiont of me ... | 2012 | 22233546 |
| quinic acids from aster caucasicus and from transgenic callus expressing a beta-amyrin synthase. | several different classes of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins and quinic acid derivatives, are found in aster spp. (fam. asteraceae). several aster compounds revealed biological as well as pharmacological activities. in this work, a phytochemical investigation of a. caucasicus evidenced the presence of quinic acid derivatives, as well as the absence of triterpene saponins. to combine in one species the production of different phytochemicals, including triterpene ... | 2011 | 22224284 |
| variations in helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated genes and their influence in progression to gastric cancer: implications for prevention. | helicobacter pylori (hp) is a bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and can establish a long-term infection of the gastric mucosa. persistent hp infection often induces gastritis and is associated with the development of peptic ulcer disease, atrophic gastritis, and gastric adenocarcinoma. virulent hp isolates harbor the cag (cytotoxin-associated genes) pathogenicity island (cagpai), a 40 kb stretch of dna that encodes components of a type iv secretion system (t4ss). this t4ss forms a pilus ... | 2012 | 22235308 |
| lhnr and upstream operon lhnabc in agrobacterium vitis regulate the induction of tobacco hypersensitive responses, grape necrosis and swarming motility. | the characterization of tn5 transposon insertional mutants of agrobacterium vitis strain f2/5 revealed a gene encoding a predicted lysr-type transcriptional regulator, lhnr (for 'lysr-type regulator associated with hr and necrosis'), and an immediate upstream operon consisting of three open reading frames (lhnabc) required for swarming motility, surfactant production and the induction of a hypersensitive response (hr) on tobacco and necrosis on grape. the operon lhnabc is unique to a. vitis amon ... | 2012 | 22212449 |
| visual marker and agrobacterium-delivered recombinase enable the manipulation of the plastid genome in greenhouse-grown tobacco plants. | successful manipulation of the plastid genome (ptdna) so far has been carried out in tissue culture cells, a limitation that prevents plastid transformation being applied in major agronomic crops. our objective is to develop a tissue-culture independent protocol that enables manipulation of plastid genomes directly in plants yielding genetically stable seed progeny. we report that in planta excision of a plastid aurea bar gene (bar(au) ) is detectable in greenhouse-grown plants by restoration of ... | 2012 | 22268515 |
| [methods for the detection of agrobacterium from plant, soil and water samples]. | the genus agrobacterium includes phytopathogenic bacteria that induce the development of root crown galls and/or aerial galls at the base of the stem or hairy roots on more than 600 species of plants belonging to 90 dicotyledonous families and non-pathogenic species. these bacteria being natural soil inhabitants are particularly diffcult to eradicate, which is a problem in nurseries where more than 80% of infections occur. since early detection is crucial to avoid the inadvertent spread of the d ... | 2011 | 22274826 |
| a toolset of aequorin expression vectors for in planta studies of subcellular calcium concentrations in arabidopsis thaliana. | calcium has long been acknowledged as one of the most important signalling components in plants. many abiotic and biotic stimuli are transduced into a cellular response by temporal and spatial changes in cellular calcium concentration and the calcium-sensitive protein aequorin has been exploited as a genetically encoded calcium indicator for the measurement of calcium in planta. the objective of this work was to generate a compatible set of aequorin expression plasmids for the generation of tran ... | 2012 | 22213817 |
| immunogenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus structural polyprotein p1 expressed in transgenic rice. | transgenic plants have become developed as bioreactors for producing heterologous proteins and may even form edible vaccines. in the present study, a transgenic rice expressing the capsid precursor polypeptide (p1) gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), under the control of a dual cauliflower mosaic virus (camv 35s) promoter, was generated by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. southern blot, northern blot, western blot, and elisa analyses confirmed that the p1 gene was integrated into ... | 2012 | 22274594 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens membrane-bound ferritin (mbfa) plays a role in protection against hydrogen peroxide toxicity and is negatively regulated by the iron response regulator (irr). | an agrobacterium tumefaciens membrane-bound ferritin (mbfa) mutant was generated to assess the physiological functions of mbfa in response to iron and hydrogen peroxide (h(2) o(2) ) stresses. wild-type and the mbfa mutant showed similar growth under high- and low-iron conditions. the mbfa mutant was more sensitive to h(2) o(2) than wild-type. expression of a functional mbfa gene could complement the h(2) o(2) -hypersensitive phenotype of the mbfa mutant and a rhizobial iron regulator (rira) mut ... | 2012 | 22268462 |
| characterization of halomonas sp. h11 α-glucosidase activated by monovalent cations and its application for efficient synthesis of α-d-glucosylglycerol. | an α-glucosidase (hag) with the following unique properties was isolated from halomonas sp. h11 strain: 1) high transglucosylation activity; 2) activation by monovalent cations; and 3) very narrow substrate specificity. the molecular mass of the purified hag was estimated at 58 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). hag showed high hydrolytic activities toward maltose, sucrose, and p-nitrophenyl α-d-glucoside (pnpg), but to almost no other disaccharides or m ... | 2012 | 22226947 |