| [macrolides: indications in 1997]. | a growing class of antibiotics: since the discovery of erythromycin, teh prototype macrolide, this class of antibiotics has grown considerably. roxithromycin, a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative, has an improved absorbability, tolerability and stability profile. wide indications: current indications for these new compounds for respiratory tract infections are presented and discussed in terms of the most recent consensus conferences. new trends: all current indications (expecting the respira ... | 1997 | 9113049 |
| epidemic patterns and carriage of chlamydia pneumoniae in norway. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection, in earlier days misdiagnosed as ornithosis, is very common in norway. the disease develops slowly, a feature that may account for the very large number of subclinical cases, which may be seven fold more common than clinical cases. subclinical cases produce an antibody response similar to that seen in overt clinical disease. silent carriage of c. pneumoniae in healthy individuals may be frequent. therapy based on positive cell culture or polymerase chain reaction ( ... | 1997 | 9259076 |
| [asthma and chlamydia pneumoniae. a future prospect for macrolides in general and roxithromycin in particular?]. | a logical hypothesis: recent publications raise the question of an association between chlamydia pneumoniae and asthma. there has been no formal proof justifying routine search for c.pneumoniae in patients with uncontrolled asthma nor for systematic treatment with an antibiotic. open questions: can chlamydia pneumoniae infection initiate or aggravate asthma? are acute manifestations of asthma associated with an overly high frequency of recent c.pneumoniae infection? is a past history of c.pneumo ... | 1997 | 9113050 |
| the epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia among hospitalized adults. | to identify and characterize the aetiological agents of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) among hospitalized patients, as an aid in therapeutic decision-making. | 1997 | 9120323 |
| serology of chlamydia in relation to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. | antibodies to the 3 strains of chlamydia were measured in the sera of 197 subjects; 122 with asthma-related symptoms and 75 from the general population. the subjects underwent a structured interview, spirometry, a methacholine provocation test and skin-prick tests. for chlamydia antibodies, igg titer values of > or = 1:512 and/or igm > or = 1:16 were regarded as evidence of a current or recent infection while igg levels < 1:512 and > 1:32 were regarded as indicative of a previous infection. for ... | 1996 | 9122636 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | the prevalence of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection was assessed in 54 patients with established chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), 41 of these with severe copd (group i), 13 with mild to moderate copd (group ii), and in 23 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (controls, group iii). specific igg and iga antibody levels and circulating immune complexes (ics) were measured in paired sera, and specific secretory iga (siga) levels in sputum specimens. a polymerase chain reactio ... | 1997 | 9129592 |
| [infection with virus or atypical pathogen is less often a cause of chronic bronchitis than expected]. | | 1997 | 9132612 |
| specificity of detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in cardiovascular atheroma: evaluation of the innocent bystander hypothesis. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been detected in atherosclerotic plaque, raising the question of whether this detection is specific to atheromatous tissue. to evaluate this question, we tested cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular tissue samples from 38 autopsy cases by polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. we also tested 33 granuloma biopsy specimens, as the organism has been detected in macrophages. c. pneumoniae was detected in coronary artery tissue from 13 (34%), lung from 5 (13%), li ... | 1997 | 9137101 |
| analytic performance and contamination control methods of a ligase chain reaction dna amplification assay for detection of chlamydia trachomatis in urogenital specimens. | a ligase chain reaction (lcr) dna amplification assay that targeted the cryptic plasmid of chlamydia trachomatis was developed to detect c. trachomatis urogenital tract infection. the objectives of this study were to determine the cutoff and analytic performance of the lcr assay and to characterize the effectiveness of its postdetection contamination control method. the assay's cutoff was determined after receiver-operator characteristic (roc) analysis of 4660 clinical data points. the assay det ... | 1996 | 9147911 |
| widely used, commercially available chlamydia pneumoniae antigen contaminated with mycoplasma. | mycoplasma contamination was detected in a widely used commercially available chlamydia pneumoniae antigen preparation. contamination was studied with a mycoplasma group-specific 16s rrna polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequence analysis. several lots of the purified c. pneumoniae antigen from the washington research foundation appeared to be contaminated with the same mycoplasma species, which appeared to be closely related to m. arginini. antigen slides prepared for the detection of chlamy ... | 1997 | 9152039 |
| chlamydia species infect human vascular endothelial cells and induce procoagulant activity. | chlamydia pneumoniae infections have been linked with myocardial infarction, stroke, and the development of atherosclerosis by epidemiologic studies, immunohistochemical studies, and electron microscopic studies. the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. | 1997 | 9154297 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia with acute hemorrhagic pericarditis in patient with acute leukemia. | | 1997 | 9175336 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in old age: a prospective study of 91 patients admitted from home. | to characterize the background, aetiology, clinical course and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in elderly compared with younger patients. | 1997 | 9177661 |
| is coronary artery disease an infectious disease? | | 1997 | 9266857 |
| a possible association of chlamydia pneumoniae infection and acute myocardial infarction in patients younger than 65 years of age. | we conducted a retrospective study on patients with acute myocardial infarction (ami) and evaluated the incidence and prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | 1997 | 9266862 |
| improvement of growth of chlamydia pneumoniae on hep-2 cells by pretreatment with polyethylene glycol in combination with additional centrifugation and extension of culture time. | the following adaptations led to improved growth of chlamydia pneumoniae on hep-2 cells compared to that by the standard method: monolayer preincubation with 7% polyethylene glycol (peg), extension of incubation time to 7 days, and extension of incubation to 7 days in combination with centrifugation on days 3, 4, and 5. these adaptations resulted in approximate increases in numbers of inclusion-forming units (ifu) of 2-, 5-, and 69-fold, respectively. a combination of preincubation with peg, pro ... | 1997 | 9196215 |
| bacteriosclerosis. | | 1997 | 9199827 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and acute myocardial infarction in jerusalem. | a number of studies in european and north american populations have reported associations between chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and coronary heart disease (chd). our objective was to assess the association of igg and iga antibodies to c. pneumoniae with acute myocardial infarction (mi) in a population-based case-control study in a middle eastern country. | 1997 | 9279604 |
| [diagnosis and therapy of chlamydia infections]. | | 1997 | 9280717 |
| isolation of chlamydia pneumoniae from a carotid endarterectomy specimen. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by both seroepidemiologic studies and direct detection of the organism in atherosclerotic plaque by electron microscopy (em), immunocytochemistry (icc), and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). despite the frequent detection of the organism in atheromatous cardiovascular specimens by these methods, only 1 cardiovascular isolate of c. pneumoniae, obtained from a coronary artery, has been previously reported. this stu ... | 1997 | 9207386 |
| evolutionary relationships among members of the genus chlamydia based on 16s ribosomal dna analysis. | nucleotide sequences from strains of the four species currently in the genus chlamydia, c. pecorum, c. pneumoniae, c. psittaci, and c. trachomatis were investigated. in vitro-amplified rna genes of the ribosomal small subunit from 30 strains of c. pneumoniae and c. pecorum were subjected to solid-phase dna sequencing of both strands. the human isolates of c. pneumoniae differed in only one position in the 16s rrna gene, indicating genetic homogeneity among these strains. interestingly, horse iso ... | 1997 | 9209033 |
| [synchronous variations in the incidence of temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica in danish counties. association with epidemics of mycoplasma pneumonia infection]. | the incidences of temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica during a twelve year period were studied in different regions of denmark. data concerning the incidences of these diagnoses were obtained from two general hospitals from 1982 to 1994 and from the national patient register of all diagnoses from all hospitals in 13 of 16 danish counties from 1982 til 1993. data from all temporal artery biopsies in two counties were also obtained. serological epidemiological surveillance data concernin ... | 1997 | 9229871 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in acute otitis media. | aerobic bacterial pathogens are recovered from 65 to 85% of patients with acute otitis media (aom). although chlamydia pneumoniae is a common pathogen of pediatric pneumonia, it has rarely been cultured from children with chronic otitis media and its role in aom is unknown. | 1997 | 9306480 |
| [changes in the spectrum of the causative agents of community-acquired pneumonias (1982-1992)]. | the picture of pneumonia acquired out of hospital is continually changing. microbial aetiology as well as predisposing factors, course and prognosis of this disease were prospectively analysed over a period of 10 years. | 1997 | 9312456 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae infections in norway]. | during the last 5-6 years our understanding of chlamydia pneumoniae has changed radically. c. pneumoniae is no longer considered a dangerous, obligatory pathogen. rather, it is a common, highly contagious intracellular opportunist, inducing poor immunity and with a tendency to repeated reinfections. at present, a possible role in the formation of atheromatous plaques is being discussed. there is a significantly higher prevalence of antibodies against c. pneumoniae in coronary heart disease patie ... | 1997 | 9312870 |
| application of a nested, multiplex pcr to psittacosis outbreaks. | we developed a nested, multiplex pcr for simultaneous detection of three species of chlamydiae in human and avian specimens. the pcr was designed to increase sensitivity and to circumvent inhibitors of pcr present in clinical specimens. the target sequence was the 16s rrna gene. the first-step pcr was genus specific, and the second-step pcr was multiplexed (i.e., had multiple primer sets in the same tube) and could discriminate among chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia psittaci, and chlamydia tracho ... | 1997 | 9230378 |
| infection and coronary heart disease. | a large body of evidence exists that implicates a number of microbial agents in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (chd). this, if proven, may have far-reaching implications for the prevention and treatment of chd and other atherosclerotic disease. the histopathology of atherosclerosis and its natural history suggest infectious causation at many points along the progression of disease, particularly with regard to chd, and a number of pathogens have been the focus of study. viral agents i ... | 1997 | 9236736 |
| elevated chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies, cardiovascular events, and azithromycin in male survivors of myocardial infarction. | the clinical significance of the association between elevated anti-chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) antibody titres and coronary heart disease (chd) is unclear. we explored the relationship between antibodies against cp and future cardiovascular events in male survivors of myocardial infarction (mi). the effect of azithromycin antibiotic therapy was assessed in a subgroup of post-mi patients. | 1997 | 9244203 |
| [anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies and production of interleukin 6 in acute myocardial infarct]. | chlamydia pneumoniae (c.p.) has been correlated with acute myocardial infarction (ami). high levels of anti-c.p. antibodies and circulating immune complexes containing c.p. lypopolyaaccharide (lps) antigens have been demonstrated in ami. lps antigen and especially chlamydial lps is one of the best antigen and it is also a very good interleukin inductor. moreover, interleukin 6 (il-6) has been observed in ami patients. the aim of our study was to assess the possible relationships between anti-c.p ... | 1997 | 9244752 |
| comparison of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs for the detection of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae by polymerase chain reaction. | nasopharyngeal and throat swabs taken from 66 patients presenting at the department of infectious disease with symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract infection were analysed by use of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae. a total of 18 patients (27%) were positive by pcr for c. pneumoniae. all 18 patients were positive from throat swabs, and three were also positive from nasopharyngeal specimens. the difference between the outcome of pcr u ... | 1997 | 9259072 |
| assay of antibiotic susceptibility of chlamydia pneumoniae. | it is well known that treatment of chlamydia pneumoniae infections is difficult. high doses and prolonged treatment is often needed to achieve clinical cure despite good in vitro effect of the drugs used. we here discuss different methodological problems in the determination of mic and mbc values of c. pneumoniae. the length of the preincubation time and the lack of fluctuation of the antibiotic concentrations may affect the outcome of the currently used assay. | 1997 | 9259073 |
| animal models for chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | there is accumulating evidence that persistent chlamydia pneumoniae infections occur in vivo. animal studies are necessary in order to evaluate the effects of different treatment regimens for eradication of such infections. a mouse model was found to be efficacious for the study of the effects of cortisone and antimicrobial agents on c. pneumoniae infection. | 1997 | 9259074 |
| cell mediated immunity to chlamydia pneumoniae. | the association of chlamydia pneumoniae to several chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis has been suggested serologically and by direct demonstration of organisms in disease lesions. cell mediated immunity is crucial in host defense against intracellular pathogens such as c. pneumoniae. c. pneumoniae is a relatively recently recognized pathogen and the cellular mechanisms in c. pneumoniae immunity have so far remained unstudied. the present review includes the data available on c. pneumoniae ... | 1997 | 9259075 |
| [arteriosclerosis--an infectious disease?]. | | 1997 | 9333710 |
| respiratory tract infection due to chlamydia pneumoniae in military personnel. | the objective of this investigation was to determine whether chlamydia pneumoniae was involved in an outbreak of respiratory disease among military recruits, 92 patients (average age 20.1 years) were included in the study if they had a sore throat or cough for more than 1 week. in addition to sore throat and cough, fatigue, headache, dyspnoea and vertigo were the most frequent symptoms. the patients received standard treatment with 100 mg of doxycycline b.i.d. for 14 days. in 38.8% of cases symp ... | 1997 | 9259077 |
| respiratory chlamydial infections in a hong kong teaching hospital and association with coronary heart disease. | the microimmunofluorescence antibody technique was used to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae and chlamydia psittaci from hospitalized patients in hong kong. antibodies to c. pneumoniae were found in 54.8% of 157 patients hospitalized with respiratory disease, in 71.1% of 83 patients with cardiac disease and in 31.2% of 93 patients without either respiratory or cardiac disease. antibodies to c. psittaci were found in 0.9% of the combined study groups. there was se ... | 1997 | 9259078 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and chronic lung diseases. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been implicated in several chronic lung diseases by serology and direct antigen detection. acute lower respiratory tract infection caused by c. pneumoniae seems often to precede attacks of asthma in both children and adults. chlamydia pneumoniae is also involved in some exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive lung disease but, more importantly, seems to be strongly associated with the latter irrespective of exacerbation status. moreover, per ... | 1997 | 9259079 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis--an update. | the role of chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis is at present controversial and neglected by researchers studying the pathogenesis of the disease. numerous seroepidemiological studies have shown an association of c. pneumoniae infection with coronary heart disease and recent studies have indicated the ubiquitous presence of c. pneumoniae in the atherosclerotic lesions. the majority of cardiologists are, as yet, more apt to consider the finding of c. pneumoniae in atherosclerotic lesions as b ... | 1997 | 9259083 |
| evaluation of a new commercial microimmunofluorescence test for detection of antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia trachomatis, and chlamydia psittaci. | a new commercial test for chlamydial serology, the mrl-micro-immunofluorescent test (mrl; mrl diagnostics, usa) was compared with the standard microimmunofluorescence test (mif) using sera from 246 patients. chlamydia pneumoniae immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies were detected in 46.3% (mif) and 64.2% (mrl) of sera and chlamydia trachomatis igg in 23.2% (mif) and 25.2% (mrl); chlamydia psittaci igg antibodies were found with the mrl in 1% of the sera from a general population and in 17.3% of pres ... | 1997 | 9352264 |
| randomised trial of roxithromycin in non-q-wave coronary syndromes: roxis pilot study. roxis study group. | there is serological evidence for an association between chlamydia pneumoniae and coronary heart disease. we investigated the hypothesis that an antichlamydial macrolide antibiotic, roxithromycin, can prevent or reduce recurrent major ischaemic events in patients with unstable angina. | 1997 | 9259655 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in hospitalized patients. clinical characteristics and diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction detection in bronchoalveolar lavage]. | | 1997 | 9265153 |
| endovascular presence of chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with hemodynamically effective carotid artery stenosis. | the bacterial pathogen chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with atherosclerosis. recent studies have reported chlamydial antigen to be present in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, but this relation has not yet been widely accepted. in order to verify an endovascular presence of potentially viable chlamydiae by detection of genomic dna, the authors examined atherosclerotic carotid arteries by using a c. pneumoniae-specific nested polymerase chain reaction. chlamydial dna was detected in 9 o ... | 1997 | 9269139 |
| evidence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection obtained by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in patients with acute myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease. | | 1997 | 9354362 |
| neurological complications of chlamydial infections: case report and review. | we describe a patient with chlamydia pneumoniae infection who presented with cerebellar dysfunction, followed by respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. c. pneumoniae is an important respiratory pathogen, and other clinical manifestations, including neurological syndromes, are being increasingly recognized. meningoencephalitis and other neurological complications have also been described in patients with infections due to chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis. chlamydial inf ... | 1997 | 9356800 |
| detection of serum antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with endogenous uveitis and acute conjunctivitis. | | 1997 | 9356816 |
| high incidence of chlamydia pneumoniae in sclerotic heart valves of patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. | chlamydia pneumoniae has previously been demonstrated in the atherosclerotic lesions of various arteries, including the coronary arteries, and has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. a prospective study of the incidence of c. pneumoniae in the sclerotic valves of patients undergoing aortic valve replacement because of aortic stenosis and in the aortic valves of cases dying of non-cardiac reasons and undergoing forensic autopsy was undertaken. the results were cor ... | 1997 | 9360250 |
| mediastinal lymphadenitis associated with chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | a young woman presented with mediastinal lymphadenitis and measles-like eruption. all clinical manifestations promptly responded to macrolide therapy. serologically, current infection of chlamydia pneumoniae was highly suspected. evaluation of chlamydia pneumoniae infection should be included in the diagnostic approach to mediastinal lymphadenitis. | 1997 | 9360264 |
| new pathogens for respiratory infections. | the emergence of new pathogens and the increasing antimicrobial resistance patterns of old pathogens are contributing factors to the high epidemiologic impact of lower respiratory tract infections. hantaviruses, chlamydia pneumoniae, and penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae have recently gained most of the attention of international researchers. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome has been confirmed in 100 cases with a very high mortality (52%). risk factors for infection are peridomestic cle ... | 1996 | 9363136 |
| serological cross-reactions between bartonella and chlamydia species: implications for diagnosis. | diagnosis of chlamydia or bartonella infections continues to rely mainly on serology. however, serological cross-reactions between members of these genera have recently been described. sera from eight patients originally diagnosed as having chlamydia pneumoniae endocarditis reacted with both chlamydia sp. and bartonella quintana antigens (microimmunofluorescence technique). adsorption of sera with b. quintana or c. pneumoniae antigens removed anti-c. pneumoniae antibodies, whereas adsorption wit ... | 1997 | 9276403 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in myalgia of unknown cause (including fibromyalgia) | | 1997 | 9374940 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae. proceedings of a meeting. gavle, sweden, 9-10 november 1995. | | 1997 | 9289809 |
| a multicenter, randomized study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous and/or oral levofloxacin versus ceftriaxone and/or cefuroxime axetil in treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. | five hundred ninety patients were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of 7 to 14 days of levofloxacin treatment with that of ceftriaxone and/or cefuroxime axetil in the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. patients received either intravenous and/or oral levofloxacin (500 mg once daily) or the comparative agents, parenteral ceftriaxone (1 to 2 g once to twice daily) and/or oral cefuroxime axetil (500 mg twice daily). erythro ... | 1997 | 9303395 |
| reinfection with chlamydia pneumoniae may induce isolated and systemic vasculitis in small and large vessels. | it is a common clinical experience that the onset of the so called non infectious vasculitides is often preceded by upper respiratory tract symptoms. a specific agent is only occasionally recovered. we report five cases in sweden with manifestations of vasculitis from different organs. in three of the five patients the onset was preceded by upper respiratory tract symptoms. all patients had serologic findings indicating chlamydia pneumoniae infection and all required corticosteroid treatment for ... | 1997 | 9259080 |
| reactions of polyclonal and neutralizing anti-p54 monoclonal antibodies with an isolated, species-specific 54-kilodalton protein of chlamydia pneumoniae. | a recently described 54-kda protein has been detected in six type strains and three patient isolates of chlamydia pneumoniae by immunoblotting with sera from patients positive for antibodies to c. pneumoniae by the microimmunofluorescence test. this protein was not found in either c. trachomatis e or c. psittaci z 432 as an antigen, confirming its species specificity. the 54-kda protein was isolated by continuous-elution electrophoresis and immunoglobulin g monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against t ... | 1997 | 9384292 |
| prospective case-control study of role of infection in patients who reconsult after initial antibiotic treatment for lower respiratory tract infection in primary care. | to assess direct and indirect evidence of active infection which may benefit from further antibiotics in adults who reconsult within 4 weeks of initial antibiotic management of acute lower respiratory tract infection in primary care. | 1997 | 9393227 |
| interaction between infection and exercise with special reference to myocarditis and the increased frequency of sudden deaths among young swedish orienteers 1979-92. | infection and fever evoke a cytokine-mediated host response resulting in negative nitrogen balance, muscle protein degradation, which includes the skeletal muscles as well as the heart muscle, and deteriorated muscle function. physical training has an opposite effect. moderate physical training also stimulates the immune system, whereas exhaustive and longlasting exercise is followed by a temporary immunodeficiency and an increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infections. exercise in the ... | 1997 | 9259081 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in children with otitis media. | in this study the polymerase chain reaction was used to test for the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in 118 middle-ear aspirates from 20 children with acute otitis media (aom) and 53 children with otitis media with effusion (ome). c. pneumoniae was detected in 8 samples obtained from 5 children with ome and, together with streptococcus pneumoniae, in a sample from 1 child with aom. the mean age of these five children (6.6 +/- 1.4 years) was significantly higher than that of the 48 children ... | 1997 | 9402363 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and myocarditis. | sera from 20 male patients with a diagnosis suggestive of myocarditis, perimyocarditis or pericarditis were found significantly more often to have specific iga antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae than sera from healthy blood donors of the same age and from the same time period. a less pronounced difference in igg titres was found between patients and blood donors, and igm antibodies were found only in one patient. a striking variation over time in the prevalence of specific antibodies to c. pneum ... | 1997 | 9259082 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae respiratory infections among patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | thirteen cases of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are described. the occurrence, the clinical spectrum, and the significance of the infection during hiv disease are compared with data reported in the literature. chlamydia pneumoniae infection was established by a serologic micro-immunofluorescence test using standard diagnostic criteria. in four cases the results of serological tests were confirmed by direct immunofluorescence on ... | 1997 | 9405940 |
| chronic infections and coronary heart disease: is there a link? | a large number of studies have reported on associations of human coronary heart disease (chd) and certain persistent bacterial and viral infections. we review the epidemiological and clinical evidence on chd and helicobacter pylori, chlamydia pneumoniae, and cytomegalovirus (cmv), as well as possible mechanisms. the association between chd and h pylori may be accounted for by residual confounding from risk factors. although the association between c pneumoniae and chd is stronger, the sequence o ... | 1997 | 9259669 |
| [suspicion of chlamydia increases. is the infectious myocardial infarct disease only the tip of an iceberg?]. | | 1997 | 9264975 |
| [community-acquired pneumonia: etiological diagnosis]. | microbiological and immunoserological approaches were used in etiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. it was concluded that streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, legionella pneumophila and klebsiella pneumoniae predominated in the etiological structure of present severe community-acquired pneumonia. the most actual causative agents of nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia in persons under 60 were s. pneumoniae, hemophilus influenzae, mycoplasma ... | 1997 | 9412402 |
| cardiovascular disease risk from prior chlamydia pneumoniae infection can be related to certain antigens recognized in the immunoblot profile. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been described as a risk factor for atherosclerosis on the basis of raised seroreactivity against complete elementary bodies among cardiovascular disease (cvd) patients. in order to identify antigens of possible pathogenetic relevance, c. pneumoniae igg and iga immunoblot profiles were compared for cvd patients (igg: n = 159; iga: n = 72) and for controls (igg: n = 158; iga: n = 115), all with prior c. pneumoniae infection. igg and iga recognition patterns were ... | 1997 | 9354353 |
| diagnosis of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by micro-immunofluorescence and elisa. | the incidence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection was determined in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (copd) by prospective serial serology. chlamydia-specific igg, igm and iga antibodies were detected with a recombinant dna lipopolysaccharide (lps) elisa as well as with a micro-immunofluorescence (mif) assay with c. pneumoniae elementary bodies. from 271 consecutive copd patients who visited the outpatient clinic of the department of pulmonary diseases (211 males, 60 females, a ... | 1997 | 9368538 |
| in vitro activity of trovafloxacin against chlamydia pneumoniae. | the in vitro susceptibilities of 12 strains of chlamydia pneumoniae to a new quinolone, trovafloxacin, and ofloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin were determined. the activity of trovafloxacin was similar to that of ofloxacin, with a mic at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited and a minimal concentration at which 90% of the isolates are killed of 1.0 microg/ml, but trovafloxacin was less active than doxycycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin. | 1997 | 9303410 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis]. | several seroepidemiological studies have shown an association between chronic infection with chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis of the coronary and carotid arteries as well as with acute myocardial infarction. chlamydia-specific antibodies and circulating immune complexes are found more often in patients than in controls. the organism can often be shown in atherosclerotic plaques from coronary, carotid, iliac and femoral arteries as well as from the aorta, employing electron microscopy, im ... | 1997 | 9312918 |
| [antibiotic treatment of coronary disease--towards a change of paradigm?]. | | 1997 | 9312927 |
| acute bronchitis in adults. how close do we come to its aetiology in general practice? | to investigate how close we can come to the aetiology of acute bronchitis in adults in a primary care setting. | 1997 | 9323784 |
| chronic infections and coronary heart disease. | | 1997 | 9329529 |
| chronic infections and coronary heart disease. | | 1997 | 9329533 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori infections in sámi and finnish reindeer herders. | the sámi people in northernmost finland have lower mortality from cardiovascular diseases than the main population of finland. chronic infections caused by chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori, both quite recently discovered gram-negative bacteria, have been associated with atherosclerosis. we studied the prevalence of these infections in sámi and finnish men by analysing the c. pneumoniae and h. pylori specific serum igg and iga antibodies using microimmune fluorescence and enzyme linke ... | 1997 | 9332131 |
| [arteriosclerosis--a chlamydia pneumoniae infection]. | | 1997 | 9333533 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis]. | | 1997 | 9333534 |
| atherosclerosis due to chronic arteritis caused by chlamydia pneumoniae: a tentative hypothesis. | | 1997 | 9334862 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus in atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. | chlamydia pneumoniae and the herpes viruses cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) have been associated with human atherosclerosis in seroepidemiological and separate histopathological studies. we investigated the concurrent presence of these microorganisms in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. | 1997 | 9337182 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae as an etiologic agent in severe pneumonias]. | two cases with pneumonia are presented. the diagnosis was based on the examination of the laryngeal secretions. the presence of inclusion bodies of chlamydia pneumoniae were found in the hep-2 cell culture. treatment with doxycycline and erythromycin was effective. | 1997 | 9340067 |
| association of positive chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia pneumoniae immunoglobulin-gamma titers with increasing age. | to use chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin-gamma (igg) titers to investigate the possibility of their association with ovarian cancer, and to evaluate the effectiveness of this titer in algorithmic protocols in infertility. | 1997 | 9348365 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection induces inflammatory changes in the aortas of rabbits. | chlamydia pneumoniae, a common human respiratory pathogen, has been associated with atherosclerosis in several seroepidemiological studies. moreover, its presence in lesions of vessel walls has been demonstrated by culture, immunohistochemistry, pcr, and electron microscopy. in this study, we infected intranasally with c. pneumoniae new zealand white rabbits which had been fed a normal diet. reinfection was given 3 weeks later. six of the nine reinfected animals showed inflammatory changes consi ... | 1997 | 9353072 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in arteries: a tale of the unexpected. | | 1997 | 9354340 |
| chronic infection in the etiology of atherosclerosis--the case for chlamydia pneumoniae. | established cardiovascular risk factors do not fully explain the variations in the prevalence and severity of coronary heart disease. recent evidence suggests that common chronic infections may contribute, either by direct or indirect mechanisms, to the etiology and/or progression of coronary atherosclerosis. of the candidate infectious agents implicated, chlamydia pneumoniae has emerged as the most likely pathogen to have a causal role. evidence for this is based on seroepidemiologic, pathologi ... | 1997 | 9377818 |
| [epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in adults. role of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae]. | incidence: mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae infections cause 15 to 40% of acute pneumonia cases treated by community physicians. this incidence is lower for cases of pneumonia treated in a hospital setting, falling to less than 3% for cases treated in intensive care units. incidence varies with the geographical area, season, age and patient population. bronchial involvement: mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae cause 6 to 15% of all cases of acute bronchitis and are the c ... | 1997 | 9380632 |
| manipulation of immune responses via particle-mediated polynucleotide vaccines. | polynucleotide vaccines are a new approach to immunization that promises qualitative advances in vaccine technology. these vaccines mimic infection in that they result in expression of pathogen gene products in situ, which can elicit both cell-mediated immune responses and humoral responses. this approach has been applied primarily to vaccines against viral diseases, but may be significant for vaccines directed toward bacterial pathogens. auragen has developed a generally applicable gene transfe ... | 1997 | 9382772 |
| young malaysian children with lower respiratory tract infections show low incidence of chlamydial infection. | the incidence of chlamydia pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis infection was studied among infants and young children admitted to hospital for the management of lower respiratory tract infections, over a 12 month period. | 1997 | 9401887 |
| markers of inflammation in induced sputum in acute bronchitis caused by chlamydia pneumoniae. | little is known of the inflammatory characteristics of acute infections of the respiratory tract caused by virus and unusual bacteria such as chlamydia pneumoniae. a case is reported in whom inflammatory indices in sputum were used to investigate, for the first time, the airway inflammation during an episode of acute bronchitis caused by c pneumoniae. the patient presented with a dry cough of five days duration. c pneumoniae was identified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in a nasopharyngeal s ... | 1997 | 9404385 |
| chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection is associated with a serum lipid profile known to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been associated with coronary heart disease. to evaluate the mechanisms of this association, we studied whether chronic c. pneumoniae infection affects serum lipid values similarly to acute infections. triglyceride, total and hdl cholesterol concentrations, and c. pneumoniae antibodies were measured from paired serum samples of 415 finnish males taken 3 years apart. chronic infection, defined as persistent igg and iga antibodies, was found in 20%, and the antib ... | 1997 | 9409275 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae infection in a family]. | history and symptoms: for 11 weeks a 38-year-old woman had suffered from a respiratory infection with peribronchitis, nocturnal coughing fits and earache. investigations, treatment and course: the chlamydia-cfr titre was raised. subsequent throat swabs of her husband and two daughters grew chlamydia pneumoniae (c.p.), but not in her case; 5 days earlier she had been started on roxithromycin. 3 weeks before the patient fell ill her two daughters had a flu-like illness with cough and subfebrile te ... | 1997 | 9410714 |
| does chlamydia pneumoniae cause coronary atherosclerosis and should we all take macrolides? | | 1997 | 9413231 |
| antibody response to the 60-kda chlamydial heat-shock protein is associated with scarring trachoma. | to determine if serum antibody response to the 60-kda chlamydial heat-shock protein (chsp60) was associated with scarring trachoma, responses to chlamydia trachomatis and to chsp60 from 148 gambian subjects with trachomatous scarring and from 148 controls without clinical evidence of disease from trachoma-endemic communities were characterized. chsp60 response was found in 32% of cases and 16% of controls (p < .001). although c. trachomatis titer was also higher in cases than controls, the preva ... | 1998 | 9419202 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection and coronary heart disease. trials should assess whether antibiotics eliminate organism from atherosclerotic lesions. | | 1997 | 9420501 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection and coronary heart disease. role of c pneumoniae in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis must be determined. | | 1997 | 9420502 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection and coronary heart disease. other infections might have role in south asians. | | 1997 | 9420503 |
| failure to detect the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae in sarcoid pathology specimens. | the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis is not yet known. on the basis of seroepidemiological data, an association between chlamydia pneumoniae infection and sarcoidosis has been suggested, but so far no study has addressed the direct detection of this agent in the affected tissues. the aim of the present study was to detect c. pneumoniae deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) within sarcoid tissue specimens by means of a two-step polymerase chain reaction. lung biopsy specimens of 33 patients with histologically ... | 1997 | 9426104 |
| [diagnosis and therapy of chlamydia pneumoniae and trachomatis]. | | 1997 | 9432510 |
| susceptibility of chlamydia pneumoniae to azithromycin and doxycycline: methodological aspects on the determination of minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations. | an in vitro assay for measuring and comparing the efficacy of different antimicrobial agents against chlamydia pneumoniae was developed. azithromycin, a representative of the new azalide group of antibiotics, and doxycycline were evaluated with respect to their antibacterial effect and capacity for intracellular killing under different experimental conditions. for both study drugs, the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc) values increased significan ... | 1997 | 9435043 |
| empirical therapy of community-acquired pneumonia: macrolides are not ideal choices. | macrolides are a rational option for patients with community-acquired pneumonia managed as outpatients. for hospitalized patients, they may be used to supplement other drugs, usually betalactams, because of their excellent activity versus legionella, chlamydia pneumoniae, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. the reason for lack of confidence for macrolides as single agents in hospitalized patients, especially for seriously ill patients, is the lack of studies confirming good results for seriously ill pati ... | 1997 | 9436960 |
| antibodies to cytomegalovirus or chlamydia pneumoniae and coronary heart disease. | | 1998 | 9439520 |
| antibodies to cytomegalovirus or chlamydia pneumoniae and coronary heart disease. | | 1998 | 9439521 |
| [atherosclerotic injury to arteries in patients with chronic infections--immunopathologic factors and risk of coronary disease]. | | 1997 | 9441295 |
| influence of viral and bacterial respiratory infections on exacerbations and symptom severity in childhood asthma. | the recent development of pcr for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infection has highlighted the importance of these infections in acute exacerbations of asthma. rhinoviruses are important in all age groups, but particularly over 1 yr, while the role of rsv in bronchiolitis and wheezing in infants has been reaffirmed. recent studies using the same technique for the detection of c. pneumoniae suggest a high prevalence of chronic infection in asthmatic children, and that the immune response to t ... | 1997 | 9443219 |
| the association between serum sialic acid and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis is not related to antibodies to herpes type viruses or chlamydia pneumoniae. the atherosclerosis risk in communities (aric) study investigators. | total serum sialic acid is a recently investigated marker for cardiovascular mortality and carotid atherosclerosis. this study tested the hypothesis that past infection by herpes simplex type 1 or type 2 viruses or cytomegalovirus or chlamydia pneumoniae accounts for the association between serum total sialic acid and atherosclerosis. | 1997 | 9447421 |