| physical immobilization of rhizopus oryzae lipase onto cellulose substrate: activity and stability studies. | rhizopus oryzae lipase (rol) was immobilized by adsorption onto oxidized cellulose fibers and regenerated films. the maximum adsorption level increases with the raise in the amount of carboxylic groups on cellulose surface confirming that adsorption is being governed mainly by electrostatic interaction between the enzyme and the substrate. this hypothesis was further confirmed by zeta-potential measurements showing a decrease in the zeta-potential of the fibers after enzyme adsorption. xps analy ... | 2008 | 18684596 |
| bacterial endosymbiosis is widely present among zygomycetes but does not contribute to the pathogenesis of mucormycosis. | environmental isolates of the fungus rhizopus have been shown to harbor a bacterial endosymbiont (burkholderia) that produces rhixozin, a plant mycotoxin. we sought to define the role of rhizoxin production by endosymbionts in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis. endosymbiotic bacteria were identified by polymerase chain reaction in 15 (54%) of 28 clinical isolates of zygomycetes, with 33% of the bacterial strains showing 87% identity to burkholderia 16s rdna. the presence of rhizoxin in myclial ex ... | 2008 | 18694335 |
| posaconazole combined with amphotericin b, an effective therapy for a murine disseminated infection caused by rhizopus oryzae. | in a murine model of disseminated zygomycosis, low doses of amphotericin b (0.3 mg/kg body weight/day) combined with posaconazole (40 mg/kg/day) prolonged survival and reduced tissue burden with respect to that of controls and that of both drugs administered alone. results were similar to those obtained with amphotericin b given alone at 0.8 mg/kg/day. | 2008 | 18694953 |
| a flax-retting endopolygalacturonase-encoding gene from rhizopus oryzae. | a polygalacturonase from the filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae strain sb (nrrl 29086), previously shown to be effective in the retting of flax fibers, was shown by the analysis of its reaction products on polygalacturonic acid to be an endo-type. by zymogram analysis, the enzyme in the crude culture filtrate appeared as two active species of 37 and 40 kd. the endopolygalacturonase-encoding gene was cloned in escherichia coli and its translated 383-amino acid sequence found to be identical to th ... | 2008 | 18704748 |
| antimicrobial effect of oxidized cellulose salts. | antimicrobial properties of oxidized cellulose and its salts in linters (-l) and microsphere (-m) form (okcel h-l, okcel zn-m, okcel znna-l, okcel znna-m and okcel ag-l) were tested by a dilution method against a spectrum of microbial strains: escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum, rhizopus oryzae, scopulariopsis brevicaulis, candida albicans and candida tropicalis. okcel ag-l exhibited antimicrobi ... | 2008 | 18712552 |
| bioethanol production from uncooked raw starch by immobilized surface-engineered yeast cells. | surface-engineered yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae codisplaying rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase and streptococcus bovis alpha-amylase on the cell surface was used for direct production of ethanol from uncooked raw starch. by using 50 g/l cells during batch fermentation, ethanol concentration could reach 53 g/l in 7 days. during repeated batch fermentation, the production of ethanol could be maintained for seven consecutive cycles. for cells immobilized in loofa sponge, the concentration of ethanol c ... | 2008 | 18425612 |
| efficient and direct fermentation of starch to ethanol by sake yeast strains displaying fungal glucoamylases. | aspergillus oryzae glucoamylases encoded by glaa and glab, and rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase, were displayed on the cell surface of sake yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae gri-117-uk and laboratory yeast s. cerevisiae mt8-1. among constructed transformants, gri-117-uk/pudgaa, displaying glaa glucoamylase, produced the most ethanol from liquefied starch, although mt8-1/pudgar, displaying r. oryzae glucoamylase, had the highest glucoamylase activity on its cell surface. | 2008 | 18460787 |
| antimicrobial effects of turkish propolis, pollen, and laurel on spoilage and pathogenic food-related microorganisms. | the antimicrobial activities of propolis extract, pollen extract, and essential oil of laurel (laurus nobilis l.) at concentrations from 0.02% to 2.5% (vol/vol) were investigated on bacteria (bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, staphylococcus aureus, yersinia enterocolitica, enterococcus faecalis, and listeria monocytogenes), yeasts (saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida rugosa), and molds (aspergillus niger and rhizopus oryzae). pollen has no antimicrobi ... | 2008 | 18800911 |
| enantioselective resolution of 2-(1-hydroxy-3-butenyl)-5-methylfuran by immobilized lipase. | an efficient and convenient strategy for synthesis of enantiomerically pure s-2-(1-hydroxy-3-butenyl)-5-methylfuran was for the first time described utilizing a lipase-mediated asymmetric acylation in organic solvents. rhizopus arrhizus lipase was chosen as the biocatalyst, and different immobilization methods including sol-gel encapsulation and covalent attachment were adopted to improve its catalytic characteristics. various influential factors of the reaction were also investigated. finally, ... | 2009 | 18815782 |
| studying pellet formation of a filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae to enhance organic acid production. | using pelletized fungal biomass can effectively improve the fermentation performance for most of fugal strains. this article studied the effects of inoculum and medium compositions such as potato dextrose broth (pdb) as carbon source, soybean peptone, calcium carbonate, and metal ions on pellet formation of rhizopus oryzae. it has been found that metal ions had significantly negative effects on pellet formation whereas soybean peptone had positive effects. in addition pdb and calcium carbonate w ... | 2007 | 18478426 |
| 4-dihydrotrisporin-dehydrogenase, an enzyme of the sex hormone pathway of mucor mucedo: purification, cloning of the corresponding gene, and developmental expression. | the nadp-dependent 4-dihydrotrisporin-dehydrogenase is a (-) mating-type-specific enzyme in the pathway from beta-carotene to trisporic acid. this substance and its isomers and derivatives represent the general system of sexual communication in zygomycetes. the (-) mating type of mucor mucedo was stimulated by trisporic acid and the enzyme was purified by ion exchange and affinity chromatography. several peptides of the 26-kda protein, digested with trypsin, were sequenced by mass spectrometry. ... | 2009 | 18931040 |
| rhino-orbital zygomycosis secondary to rhizopus oryzae in a renal transplant recipient successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin b. | rhino-orbital zygomycosis is usually an aggressive, fulminant and, at times, fatal disease that requires urgent medical and surgical treatment. we report a case of rhino-orbital zygomycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae that developed in a 41-year-old male renal transplant recipient. he was diagnosed in the early post transplant period after anti-rejection therapy. the infection was successfully managed with liposomal amphotericin b and functional endoscopic sinus surgery. | 2008 | 18935800 |
| identification, biochemical characterization, and evolution of the rhizopus oryzae 99-880 polygalacturonase gene family. | a search of the recently sequenced rhizopus oryzae strain 99-880 genome database uncovered 18 putative polygalacturonase genes with two genes being identical and only one with similarity to a previously reported r. oryzae polygalacturonase gene. the 17 different genes share 50% to greater than 90% identity at the nucleotide level as well as the deduced protein sequence level. the cdna of the different genes was isolated directly or recombinantly and used to express the encoded proteins in pichia ... | 2008 | 18935968 |
| posaconazole mono- or combination therapy for treatment of murine zygomycosis. | we compared the efficacy of combination posaconazole-liposomal amphotericin b (lamb) therapy to monotherapy with either drug in diabetic ketoacidotic or neutropenic mice with disseminated zygomycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae. combination therapy was no better than lamb alone, and posaconazole monotherapy did not improve survival or reduce fungal burden versus placebo. | 2009 | 18936190 |
| the mechanism of uranium biosorption by rhizopus arrhizus. | biosorption of elements is a little understood phenomenon exhibited by some types of even nonliving microbial biomass. a common fungus rhizopus arrhizus has been reported to take up uranium from aqueous solutions to the extent of 180 mg u(6+)/g. the mechanism of uranium sequestering by this type of biomass was studied by using experimental techniques such as electron microscopy, x-ray energy dispersion analysis, ir spectroscopy, and supporting evidence was obtained for a biosorption mechanism co ... | 1982 | 18546310 |
| cotton seedling preemergence damping-off incited by rhizopus oryzae and pythium spp. and its biological control with trichoderma spp. | abstract planting the cotton cv. sure-grow 747 in cotton seedling disease plots during the 2001 growing season resulted in high levels of preemergence damping-off among the seedlings. four cotton pathogens, pythium aphanidermatum, p. ultimum, an unidentified pythium sp., and rhizopus oryzae, were isolated from diseased seed embryos and seedlings. disease incited by the pythium spp. could be controlled by seed treatment with metalaxyl, but disease incited by r. oryzae could not. seed treatment wi ... | 2002 | 18943091 |
| the role of chitin in uranium adsorption by r. arrhizus. | in order to further refine and support the uranium biosorption mechanism hypothesis proposed for rhizopus arrhizus, uranium competitive equilibrium uptake isotherms by chitin were determined at two different solution ph levels and in the presence of different concentrations of competing ions, namely, cu(2+), zn(2+), and fe(2+). the co-ion effect became more poronounced as the co-ion concentration in solution and ph increased. obtained equilibrium data are in agreement with uranium biosorption da ... | 1983 | 18551548 |
| identification and characterization of a novel fibril forming peptide in fungal starch binding domain. | scanty information is available regarding the chemical basis for structural alterations of the carbohydrate-binding modules (cbms). the n-terminal starch binding domain (sbd) of rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase (ga) forms fibrils under thermal stress, presenting an unusual conformational change from immunoglobulin-like to beta-sheet-rich structure. site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the c-terminal lys of sbd played a crucial role in the fibril formation. the synthetic peptide (dnnnsanyqvstsk) r ... | 2008 | 18952064 |
| mycological profile of fungal sinusitis: an audit of specimens over a 7-year period in a tertiary care hospital in tamil nadu. | fungi are being increasingly implicated in the etiopathology of rhinosinusitis. fungal sinusitis is frequently seen in diabetic or immunocompromised patients, although it has also been reported in immunocompetent individuals. invasive fungal sinusitis, unless diagnosed early and treated aggressively, has a high mortality rate. | 2008 | 19008573 |
| comparison of sucrose-hydrolyzing enzymes produced by rhizopus oryzae and amylomyces rouxii. | rhizopus oryzae produces lactic acid from glucose but not efficiently from sucrose, while amylomyces rouxii, a species closely related to r. oryzae, ferments these sugars equally. the properties of two sucrose-hydrolyzing enzymes purified from culture filtrates of r. oryzae nbrc 4785 and a. rouxii cbs 438.76 were compared to assess lactic acid fermentation by the two fungi. the substrate specificity of the enzymes showed that the enzymes from strains nbrc 4785 and cbs 438.76 are to be classified ... | 2008 | 19060392 |
| ion exchange/complexation of the uranyl ion by rhizopus biosorbent. | nonliving biomass of nine rhizopus species effectively sequestered the uranyl ion from solution, taking up 150-250 mg u/g dry cells at 300 ppm u equilibrium concentration in solution, and 100-160 mg u/g dry cells with 100 ppm u in solution. the affinity of this biosorbent for the uranyl ion was found to be affected by timing of harvesting and medium composition. uptake of the uranyl ion by nonliving biomass of rhizopus oligosporus was due to ion exchange or complexation, since binding was revers ... | 1984 | 18551656 |
| in vitro activities of isavuconazole against opportunistic filamentous and dimorphic fungi. | the in vitro activity of isavuconazole was compared to those of amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and ravuconazole against 300 clinical isolates of pseudallescheria boydii, paecilomyces lilacinus, fusarium spp., bipolaris spicifera, curvularia lunata, alternaria alternata, exophiala spp., rhizopus arrhizus, mucor circillenoides, absidia corymbifera, blastomyces dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum and coccidioides posadasii. mics were determined by a broth ma ... | 2009 | 19101837 |
| identification of fungal species by fragment length analysis of the internally transcribed spacer 2 region. | the rapid identification of fungal pathogens in clinical specimens is a prerequisite for timely onset of the most appropriate treatment. the aim of the present study was to develop a sensitive and rapid method for the species-specific identification of clinically relevant fungi. we employed fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-fragment length analysis of the highly variable internally transcribed spacer 2 (its2) region to identify individual fungal species by their specific amplicon sizes ... | 2009 | 19104852 |
| improvement in enzymatic desizing of starched cotton cloth using yeast codisplaying glucoamylase and cellulose-binding domain. | to utilize glucoamylase-displaying yeast cells for enzymatic desizing of starched cotton cloth, we constructed yeast strains that codisplayed rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase and two kinds of trichoderma reesei cellulose-binding domains (cbd1, cbd of cellobiohydrolase i (cbhi); and cbd2, cbd of cellobiohydrolase ii (cbhii)). in this study, we aimed to obtain a high efficiency of enzymatic desizing of starched cotton cloth. yeast cells that codisplayed glucoamylase and cbd had higher activity on star ... | 2008 | 18040681 |
| mechanism of aluminum interference on uranium biosorption by rhizopus arrhizus. | uranium competitive uptake experiments by rhizopus arrhizus were carried out at three different solution ph levels and in the presence of different concentrations of competing aluminum ions in order to examine the competing ion effect. the coion effect became more pronounced as the coion concentration in solution and ph level increased. a preliminary examination of the effect of aluminum on the rate of uranium uptake was also completed. results showed that the presence of aluminum does not inter ... | 1997 | 18636440 |
| co-production of lactic acid and chitin using a pelletized filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae cultured on cull potatoes and glucose. | this paper developed a novel process for lactic acid and chitin co-production of the pelletized rhzious oryzae nrrl 395 fermentation using underutilized cull potatoes and glucose as nutrient source. | 2008 | 19146489 |
| [repeated intermittent l-lactic acid fermentation technology by self-immobilized rhizopus oryzae]. | in order to carry out the process of the repeated intermittent l-lactic acid fermentation by self-immobilized rhizopus oryzae, we investigated the effect of medium compositions on the morphology of rhizopus oryzae. in submerged culture, fungi can be grown as broths of freely suspended mycelia and pellets or clumps, the pellets can be immobilized by themselves. the optimum medium composition for the first patch of fermentation was: 120 g/l glucose, 3 g/l nh4no3, 0.14 g/l kh2po4, 0.16 g/l nah2po4 ... | 2008 | 19149184 |
| activity of posaconazole and other antifungal agents against mucorales strains identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacers. | the antifungal susceptibility profiles of 77 clinical strains of mucorales species, identified by internal transcribed spacer sequencing, were analyzed. mics obtained at 24 and 48 h were compared. amphotericin b was the most active agent against all isolates, except for cunninghamella and apophysomyces isolates. posaconazole also showed good activity for all species but cunninghamella bertholletiae. voriconazole had no activity against any of the fungi tested. terbinafine showed good activity, e ... | 2009 | 19171801 |
| comparative in vitro activities of posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against aspergillus and rhizopus, and synergy testing for rhizopus. | we compared the in vitro activities of posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against clinical isolates of aspergillus spp. and rhizopus spp., and explored the in vitro interaction between posaconazole and amphotericin b against rhizopus spp. clinical strains of 82 aspergillus spp. (43 aspergillus fumigatus, 29 a. flavus, 7 a. niger, 2 a. terreus, 1 a. nidulans) and 11 rhizopus oryzae isolates were tested in accordance with clsi m38-a microdilution guidelines. in vitro acti ... | 2008 | 19180726 |
| use of selected enterococci and rhizopus oryzae proteases to hydrolyse wheat proteins responsible for celiac disease. | this work aimed at using a pool of selected enterococci and fungal proteases to hydrolyse wheat gluten during long-time fermentation. | 2009 | 19200310 |
| comparative evolutionary histories of the fungal chitinase gene family reveal non-random size expansions and contractions due to adaptive natural selection. | gene duplication and loss play an important role in the evolution of novel functions and for shaping an organism's gene content. recently, it was suggested that stress-related genes frequently are exposed to duplications and losses, while growth-related genes show selection against change in copy number. the fungal chitinase gene family constitutes an interesting case study of gene duplication and loss, as their biological roles include growth and development as well as more stress-responsive fu ... | 2008 | 19204807 |
| molecular characterization and antifungal activity of a family 46 chitosanase from amycolatopsis sp. cso-2. | an actinomycete strain, amycolatopsis sp. cso-2, produces a 27-kda chitosanase. to reveal the molecular characteristics of the enzyme, its corresponding gene ctoa was cloned by a reverse genetic technique, based on the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. the encoded ctoa protein was deduced to be composed of 286 amino acids, including a putative signal peptide (1-48), and exhibited 83% identity in the amino acid sequence with the family 46 chitosanases from streptomyces sp. n174 or no ... | 2009 | 19236484 |
| screening of food grade lipases to be used in esterification and interesterification reactions of industrial interest. | seven food grade commercially available lipases were immobilized by covalent binding on polysiloxane-polyvinyl alcohol (pos-pva) hybrid composite and screened to mediate reactions of industrial interest. the synthesis of butyl butyrate and the interesterification of tripalmitin with triolein were chosen as model reactions. the highest esterification activity (240.63 microm/g min) was achieved by candida rugosa lipase, while the highest interesterification yield (31%, in 72 h) was achieved by lip ... | 2010 | 19263247 |
| biological treatment of the effluent from a bleached kraft pulp mill using basidiomycete and zygomycete fungi. | three white-rot fungi (pleurotus sajor caju, trametes versicolor and phanerochaete chrysosporium) and one soft-rot fungi (rhizopus oryzae) species confirmed their potential for future applications in the biological treatment of effluents derived from the secondary treatment of a bleached kraft pulp mill processing eucalyptus globulus. among the four species p. sajor caju and r. oryzae were the most effective in the biodegradation of organic compounds present in the effluent, being responsible fo ... | 2009 | 19269018 |
| cbm21 starch-binding domain: a new purification tag for recombinant protein engineering. | the use of protein fusion tag technology simplifies and facilitates purification of recombinant proteins. in this article, we have found that the starch-binding domain derived from rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase (rosbd), a member of carbohydrate-binding module family 21 (cbm21) with raw starch-binding activity, is favorable to be applied as an affinity tag for fusion protein engineering and purification in escherichia coli and pichia pastoris systems. to determine suitable spatial arrangement of r ... | 2009 | 19297701 |
| water activity and substrate concentration effects on lipase activity. | catalytic activity of lipases (from rhizopus arrhizus, canadida rugosa, and pseudomonas sp. was studied in organic media, mainly diisopropyl ether. the effect of water activity (a(w)) on v(max) showed that the enzyme activity in general increased with increasing amounts of water for the three enzymes. this was shown both for esterification and hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by r. arrhizus lipase. in the esterification reaction the k(m) for the acid substrate showed a slight increase with increas ... | 1997 | 18636590 |
| tracking the emerging human pathogen pseudallescheria boydii by using highly specific monoclonal antibodies. | pseudallescheria boydii has long been known to cause white grain mycetoma in immunocompetent humans, but it has recently emerged as an opportunistic pathogen of humans, causing potentially fatal invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals and evacuees of natural disasters, such as tsunamis and hurricanes. the diagnosis of p. boydii is problematic since it exhibits morphological characteristics similar to those of other hyaline fungi that cause infectious diseases, such as aspergillus fu ... | 2009 | 19321690 |
| the effectiveness of a biological treatment with rhizopus oryzae and of a photo-fenton oxidation in the mitigation of toxicity of a bleached kraft pulp mill effluent. | huge efforts have been made both in adopting more environmental-friendly bleaching processes, and in developing advanced oxidation processes and more effective biological treatments for the reduction of deleterious impacts of paper mill effluents. even so, the success of such treatments is frequently reported in terms of chemical parameters without a proper evaluation of the effluent's toxicity mitigation. this is the first study reporting an exhaustive evaluation of the toxicity of a secondary ... | 2009 | 19345976 |
| soybean protein fraction digested with neutral protease preparation, "peptidase r", produced by rhizopus oryzae, stimulates innate cellular immune system in mouse. | a soybean protein fraction was prepared from defatted soybean seed flour and digested with 29 kinds of commercially available protease originating from preparations of animals, plants, and microorganisms. some digests, in particular, ro-digest prepared using a rhizopus oryzae neutral protease preparation (peptidase r), displayed strong mitogenic activity toward c3h/hen mouse spleen cells. the number of spleen cd11b+, cd49b+, interleukin (il)-12+cd11b+, and interferon (ifn)-gamma+cd49b+ cells sig ... | 2009 | 19348966 |
| molecular characterization of the relationships among amylomyces rouxii, rhizopus oryzae, and rhizopus delemar. | twenty-one strains of amylomyces rouxii isolated from starters of asian fermented foods were divided into two groups, lactic acid (la) and fumaric and malic acid (fma) producers, by organic acid productivity in liquid culture. phylogenetic analysis based on the ldhb gene, ribosomal rna encoding dna (rdna) internal transcribed spacer (its) sequence, and genome-wide amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) revealed that a. rouxii was grouped into two major clusters as to organic acid accumula ... | 2009 | 19352027 |
| increased virulence of zygomycetes organisms following exposure to voriconazole: a study involving fly and murine models of zygomycosis. | breakthrough zygomycosis is increasingly observed among patients at high risk for fungal infection who are receiving voriconazole, reflecting either selective pressure or voriconazole-associated alterations in zygomycetes virulence. we tested the latter hypothesis, using 2 phylogenetically disparate zygomycosis models. | 2009 | 19358672 |
| effect of a buffer mixture system on the activity of lipases during immobilization process. | in this study, the effects of various buffers and ionic strengths on the immobilization of candida rugosa and rhizopus oryzae lipases were investigated to enhance the activities of the immobilized lipases. among the various buffers, the optimal buffers and ionic strength for the immobilization of c. rugosa and r. oryzae lipases were determined to be a mixture of 0.25m mops and sodium phosphate buffer (ph 6.5). moreover, the activities of immobilized c. rugosa and r. oryzae lipases under their op ... | 2010 | 19361984 |
| a study on the inhibition kinetics of bioaccumulation of cu(ii) and ni(ii) ions using rhizopus delemar. | the microbial growth and simultaneous bioaccumulation of cu(ii) and ni(ii) ions during the growth of rhizopus delemar in molasses medium was investigated in a batch system. the level of cu(ii) and ni(ii) bioaccumulation and microbial growth was dependent on ph, molasses sucrose concentration and initial cu(ii) and ni(ii) ion concentrations. an increase in initial total metal ion concentration inhibited both the growth rate of fungus and the bioaccumulation capacity. lineweaver-burk plot of monod ... | 2009 | 19362774 |
| spectrum of zygomycete species identified in clinically significant specimens in the united states. | several members of the order mucorales (subphylum mucoromycotina) are important agents of severe human infections. the identification of these fungi by using standard mycologic methods is often difficult and time consuming. frequently, the etiological agent in clinical cases is reported either as a mucor sp., which is not the most frequent genus of zygomycetes, or only as a member of the mucorales. for this reason, the actual spectrum of species of zygomycetes and their incidences in the clinica ... | 2009 | 19386856 |
| transglycosylation-based fluorescent labeling of 6-gala series glycolipids by endogalactosylceramidase. | although 6-gala series glycosphingolipids possessing r-gal (alpha/beta) 1-6gal beta 1-1'cer have been found in some mollusks, pathogenic parasites, and fungi, their physiological functions and metabolic pathway are not fully understood. we described a novel method of detecting 6-gala series glyco- sphingolipids utilizing the specificity of endogalactosylceramidase (egalc), which is capable of hydrolyzing 6-gala series glycosphingolipids to produce intact oligosaccharides and ceramides. egalc cat ... | 2009 | 19389917 |
| [rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in the diabetic: a better known pathology in tunisia]. | this is a retrospective study including 17 patients with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis diagnosed in a period of 16 years, between 1992 and 2007, in 8 men and 9 women. all patients were diabetic with ketoacidosis diabetes in 8 cases. necrosis facial and ophthalmic symptoms were the most frequent presenting manifestations. the diagnosis was confirmed by mycological examination, with or without histopathology, identifying rhizopus oryzae in 12 cases. treatment consisted in systemic amphoterici ... | 2009 | 19411235 |
| gold nanoparticles: microbial synthesis and application in water hygiene management. | a green chemical method to synthesize nanogold-bioconjugate and its eco-friendly promising role to purify contaminated waters has been described. gold nanoparticles of 10 nm average diameter are produced on the surface of rhizopus oryzae , a fungal strain, by in situ reduction of chloroauric acid (haucl(4)). the nanogold-bioconjugate (ngbc) showed strong adsorption capacity toward different organophosphorous pesticides. the edxa study confirms adsorption of pesticides on the conjugate material s ... | 2009 | 19425601 |
| zygomycosis in ostriches. | an unusual disease characterized by anorexia, progressive stunting and stomach impaction was observed in young ostriches after treatment with antibiotics. the massive accumulation of a clear white gelatinous mucus adherent to the inner surface of the ventriculus plus a severe necrosis of the glandular layer were the only consistent findings. histological examination revealed typical forms of a zygomycete invading the affected tissue. the zygomycete rhizopus oryzae was isolated from the ventricul ... | 1992 | 18670986 |
| determination of glucosamine and n-acetyl glucosamine in fungal cell walls. | a new method was developed to determine glucosamine (glcn) and n-acetyl glucosamine (glcnac) in materials containing chitin and chitosan, such as fungal cell walls. it is based on two steps of hydrolysis with (i) concentrated sulfuric acid at low temperature and (ii) dilute sulfuric acid at high temperature, followed by one-step degradation with nitrous acid. in this process, chitin and chitosan are converted into anhydromannose and acetic acid. anhydromannose represents the sum of glcn and glcn ... | 2008 | 18729456 |
| production of lactic acid and ethanol by rhizopus oryzae integrated with cassava pulp hydrolysis. | cassava pulp was hydrolyzed with acids or enzymes. a high glucose concentration (>100 g/l) was obtained from the hydrolysis with 1 n hcl at 121 degrees c, 15 min or with cellulase and amylases. while a high glucose yield (>0.85 g/g dry pulp) was obtained from the hydrolysis with hcl, enzymatic hydrolysis yielded only 0.4 g glucose/g dry pulp. these hydrolysates were used as the carbon source in fermentation by rhizopus oryzae nrrl395. r. oryzae could not grow in media containing the hydrolysates ... | 2010 | 19533174 |
| preparation and comparative characterization of immobilized aspergillus oryzae expressing fusarium heterosporum lipase for enzymatic biodiesel production. | in this paper, we provide the first report of utilizing recombinant fungal whole cells in enzymatic biodiesel production. aspergillus oryzae, transformed with a heterologous lipase-encoding gene from fusarium heterosporum, produced fully processed and active forms of recombinant f. heterosporum lipase (fhl). cell immobilization within porous biomass support particles enabled the convenient usage of fhl-producing a. oryzae as a whole-cell biocatalyst for lipase-catalyzed methanolysis. the additio ... | 2008 | 18795281 |
| comparative genomics of map kinase and calcium-calcineurin signalling components in plant and human pathogenic fungi. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades and the calcium-calcineurin pathway control fundamental aspects of fungal growth, development and reproduction. core elements of these signalling pathways are required for virulence in a wide array of fungal pathogens of plants and mammals. in this review, we have used the available genome databases to explore the structural conservation of three mapk cascades and the calcium-calcineurin pathway in ten different fungal species, including model org ... | 2009 | 19570501 |
| genomic analysis of the basal lineage fungus rhizopus oryzae reveals a whole-genome duplication. | rhizopus oryzae is the primary cause of mucormycosis, an emerging, life-threatening infection characterized by rapid angioinvasive growth with an overall mortality rate that exceeds 50%. as a representative of the paraphyletic basal group of the fungal kingdom called "zygomycetes," r. oryzae is also used as a model to study fungal evolution. here we report the genome sequence of r. oryzae strain 99-880, isolated from a fatal case of mucormycosis. the highly repetitive 45.3 mb genome assembly con ... | 2009 | 19578406 |
| biosorption of nonylphenol on dead biomass of rhizopus arrhizus encapsulated in chitosan beads. | the nonylphenol (np) biosorption and desorption potential for fungal biomass used under batch conditions was investigated using kinetics and isotherm models. fungal biomass of rhizopus arrhizus tistr 3610 exhibited preferential uptake of np, an endocrine disrupting chemicals. sporangiospores, asexual spores, were immobilised in chitosan beads. the biosorption data of np on the moist heat inactivated r. arrhizus-chitosan beads were analyzed using four popular adsorption isotherms and, by using no ... | 2009 | 19589674 |
| effects of ecf-kraft pulp mill effluent treated with fungi (rhizopus oryzae) on reproductive steroids and liver cyp1a of exposed goldfish (carassius auratus). | the toxicity of bleached kraft pulp mill effluents (bkme) is usually attributed to chemical compounds which are produced and released throughout various stages of pulp and paper production. the main objective of the present work was to detect sub-lethal responses of goldfish (carassius auratus) to secondary treated bkme which was treated with rhizopus oryzae. a total of 96 carps (c. auratus; 11 +/- 3 g) were exposed to different concentrations of the post-treated effluent (0, 1, 10, 25, 50, and ... | 2009 | 19621256 |
| adsorption behavior of lindane on rhizopus oryzae biomass: physico-chemical studies. | rhizopus oryzae biomass (rob), depending on the age of the culture has been found to adsorb lindane, an organochloro pesticide from its aqueous solution to the extent of 63-90%. the adsorption process does not depend on the ph of the solution or incubation temperature and is very rapid during the first 15 min and reaches equilibrium within 60 min following pseudo-second-order rate model. the adsorption capacity of 1g rob towards lindane is 107.5 microg as calculated from pseudo-second-order curv ... | 2009 | 19632776 |
| fungal biomass is a key factor affecting polymorphonuclear leucocyte-induced hyphal damage of filamentous fungi. | previous studies have not systematically assessed the effect of fungal biomass on polymorphonuclear leucocyte (pmn)-induced hyphal damage (hd) of filamentous fungi. we hypothesised that fungal biomass is a significant factor affecting pmn-induced hd. one isolate each consisting of a volume of 2 x 10(4) conidia ml(-1) of aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus terreus, rhizopus oryzae, rhizopus microsporus, cunninghamella bertholletiae, scedosporium prolificans and fusarium solani ... | 2010 | 19638003 |
| l(+)-lactic acid production by co-fermentation of glucose and xylose with rhizopus oryzae obtained by low-energy ion beam irradiation. | low-energy ion beam irradiation (10-200 kev) has been proved to have a wide range of biological effects in recent years. when rhizopus oryzae pw352 was irradiated with a 15-kev low-energy ion beam an l(+)-lactic acid high-yield mutant, rq4015, was obtained. when 150 g/l glucose was used as the sole carbon source, l(+)-lactic acid of rq4015 reached 121 g/l after 36 h shake-flask cultivation. however, the highest lactic acid concentration 74 g/l was obtained when 100 g/l xylose was present in the ... | 2009 | 19653020 |
| identification and characterization of rhizot, a novel ltr retrotransposon of rhizopus oryzae and r. delemar. | a novel retrotransposon rhizot was identified in rhizopus oryzae and r. delemar. rhizot has a unique structure that consists of a pol orf similar to non-ltr (long terminal repeat) retorotransposons between two ltrs. rhizot was distributed in all rhizopus species tested. the rhizot pol gene was transcribed in the liquid culture, and was induced by uv and oxidative stress. | 2009 | 19661716 |
| microbial diversity of traditional vietnamese alcohol fermentation starters (banh men) as determined by pcr-mediated dgge. | the diversity of fungi and bacteria associated with traditional vietnamese alcohol fermentation starters (banh men) was investigated by pcr-mediated dgge. from 52 starter samples, 13 species of fungi (including yeasts) and 23 species of bacteria were identified. the fungal composition of the starters was consistent with little variation among samples. it consisted of amylase producers (rhizopus oryzae, r. microsporus, absidia corymbifera, amylomyces sp., saccharomycopsis fibuligera), ethanol pro ... | 2008 | 18838186 |
| effect of seed quality and combination fungicide-trichoderma spp. seed treatments on pre- and postemergence damping-off in cotton. | abstract good quality seeds of cotton cultivars often escaped pre-emergence damping-off incited by pythium spp. and rhizopus oryzae, and they were resistant to postemergence damping-off incited by rhizoctonia solani. poor quality seeds, however, were highly susceptible to both phases of seedling disease and required seed treatment in order to survive. pre-emergence damping-off incited by pythium spp. and rhizopus oryzae could be controlled by seed treatment with biocontrol preparations of a numb ... | 2007 | 18942938 |
| rhizopus head rot of confectionery sunflower: effects on yield quantity and quality and implications for disease management. | abstract the effects of rhizopus head rot, caused by rhizopus oryzae, on the yield of confectionery sunflower and its quality were studied in field experiments conducted from 1994 to 1996. the extent of yield loss was related to the crop growth stage at inoculation. when heads were inoculated at the budding stage, loss was not apparent, because inoculated heads were not infected. when inoculated at the anthesis stage, loss was relatively high (42.5 to 99.1%), and both the number of achenes per h ... | 1997 | 18945022 |
| purification and characterization of a new rhizopuspepsin from rhizopus oryzae nbrc 4749. | a secretory aspartic protease (also termed as rhizopuspepsin) was purified from rhizopus oryzae nbrc 4749 by ion exchange chromatography with a yield of 45%. the enzyme was a nonglycoprotein with a molecular mass of 37 kda as determined by sds-page analysis. n-terminal sequence and lc-ms/ms analyses revealed that this rhizopuspepsin corresponded to the hypothetical protein ro3g_12822.1 in the r. oryzae genome database. comparison of genomic and cdna genes demonstrated that the rhizopuspepsin con ... | 2009 | 19722576 |
| outbreaks of zygomycosis in hospitals. | zygomycosis refers to a group of uncommon and frequently fatal mycoses caused by fungi of the class zygomycetes, the organisms of which are usually found in decaying organic matter. disease can be transmitted by the inhalation of spores or by direct inoculation on disrupted skin or mucosa. for rare diseases such as zygomycosis, two or more cases occurring in a short time should be investigated as a probable epidemic. twelve hospital outbreaks and two pseudoepidemics caused by zygomycetes have be ... | 2009 | 19754759 |
| optimization of biodiesel production catalyzed by fungus cells immobilized in fibrous supports. | a circulating packed-bed bioreactor system using fibrous nonwoven fabric as the immobilization matrix was suitable for simultaneous cell growth and immobilization of rhizopus oryzae fungus cells, which could be used for lipase-mediated production of biodiesel by methanolysis of soybean oil. response surface methodology and 5-level-5-factor central composite rotatable design was proved to be a powerful tool for the optimization of methanolysis conditions catalyzed by immobilized r. oryzae whole c ... | 2010 | 19777379 |
| use of a whole-cell biocatalyst to produce biodiesel in a water-containing system. | this study examined the use of a whole-cell biocatalyst to transesterify triglycerides, including high-free fatty acid (ffa) waste greases, in a water-containing system. the whole-cell biocatalyst derived from rhizopus oryzae (atcc10260) was grown and reacted at room temperature without immobilization. the effectiveness of improving biodiesel yield through alteration of reaction temperature, additional alcohol, and additional transesterification reaction was also examined. results showed that wh ... | 2009 | 19085591 |
| immobilization of enzyme onto poly(ethylene-vinyl alcohol) membrane. | invertase was ionically bound to the poly(ethylene-vinyl alcohol) membrane surface modified with two aminoacetals with different molecular length, 2-dimethyl-aminoacetoaldehyde dimethylacetal (aaa) and 3-(n, n-dimethylamino-n-propanediamine) propionaldehyde dimethylacetal (apa). immobilization conditions were determined with respect to enzyme concentration in solution, ph value, ionic strength in immobilization solution, and immobilization time. various properties of immobilized invertase were e ... | 1986 | 18555315 |
| optimization of l-(+)-lactic acid production using pelletized filamentous rhizopus oryzae nrrl 395. | lactic acid is used as a food additive for flavor and preservation and a precursor in the development of poly-lactic acid, a product used to make biodegradable plastics and textiles. rhizopus oryzae nrrl 395 is known to be a strain that produces optically pure l-(+)-lactic acid. the morphology of rhizopus cultures is complex, forming filamentous, clumps, and pellet mycelia. different morphology growth has significant effects on lactic acid production. in bioreactors, the filamentous or clump myc ... | 2006 | 18563658 |
| production of l-lactic acid by rhizopus oryzae in a bubble column fermenter. | two distinctive forms of growth (mycelial filamentous and mycelial pellets) of rhizopus oryzae were obtained by manipulating the initial ph of the medium with the controlled addition of caco3 in a bubble fermenter. in the presence of caco3, diffused filamentous growth was obtained when the initial ph of the substrate was 5.5. in the absence of caco3, mycelial pellet growth was obtained when the initial ph was 2.0. the fermentation study indicated that the mycelial growth has a shorter lag period ... | 1998 | 18576001 |
| production of fumaric acid by immobilized rhizopus using rotary biofilm contactor. | rotary biofilm contactor (rbc) is a reactor consisting of plastic discs that act as supports for micro-organisms. the discs are mounted on a horizontal shaft and placed in a medium-containing vessel. during nitrogen-rich growth phase, mycelia of rhizopus oryzae atcc 20344 grew on and around the discs and formed the "biofilm" of self-immobilized cells on the surface of the plastic discs. during the fermentation phase, the discs are slowly rotated, and the biofilms are exposed to the medium and th ... | 1997 | 18576097 |
| fumaric acid production in airlift loop reactor with porous sparger. | airlift loop reactors with porous spargers were investigated and used in the process of fumaric acid production by rhizopus oryzae atcc 20344. in order to enhance oxygen mass transfer, which is very important for organic acid production, two kinds of porous spargers (stainless steel membrane tube and porcelain tube) were examined. gas holdup, liquid circulation velocity, mixing time, bubble size, and bubble rise velocities were measured in a 50 l rectangular airlift loop reactor with different r ... | 1997 | 18576109 |
| a process for protein enrichment of cassava by solid substrate fermentation in rural conditions. | an artisanal static process for protein enrichment of cassava by solid-state fermentation, developed in laboratory and tested on pilot units in burundi (central africa), provides enriched cassava containing 10.7% of dry matter protein versus 1% before fermentation. cassava chips, processed into granules of 2-4-mm diameter, are moistened (40% water content) and steamed. after cooling to 40 degrees c, cassava is mixed with a nutritive solution containing the inoculum (rhizopus oryzae, strain mucl ... | 1987 | 18576545 |
| enzymic interesterification of fats: laboratory and pilot-scale studies with immobilized lipase from rhizopus arrhizus. | an immobilized lipase suitable for fat interesterification has been prepared by precipitation with acetone of a commercial lipase from rhizopus arrhizus onto diatomaceous earth. as observed previously with a less active enzyme from aspergillus sp., the interesterification activity was enhanced by addition of purified lipase or by high loadings of commercial enzyme. the interesterification activities reached maximum values in both cases. for immobilized preparations with purified enzyme, interest ... | 1987 | 18576561 |
| influence of anions on metal adsorption by rhizopus arrhizus biomass. | the presence of anions in solution was found to inhibit the uptake of la3+, cd2+, pb2+, uo(2)(2+), and ag+ by rhizopus arrhizus biomass. the effects ranged from total inhibition of cd2+ and pb2+ uptake at equimolar concentrations of edta to no change in uptake of la3+ or uo(2)(2+)at 12-fold molar excesses of ci- or co(3)(2-). no anion was found to enhance metal uptake levels, and the degree of inhibition generally followed the series: edta >or= >or= so(4)(2)- c1- >or= po(4)(3)- >or= glutamate >o ... | 1987 | 18581524 |
| the effects of cation competition on metal adsorption by rhizopus arrhizus biomass. | | 1988 | 18584604 |
| a batch reactor mass transfer kinetic model for immobilized biomass biosorption. | inactive cells of rhizopus arrhizus have been immobilized into the form of particles of desirable particle size using a proprietary immobilization technique. the immobilized biomass particles are porous and are members of a new generation of biological origin adsorbents. the uranium adsorptive behavior of the biosorbent particles was modeled using a batch reactor mass transfer kinetic model of the biosorption process. the model successfully predicts the batch reactor adsorbate (uranium) concentr ... | 1988 | 18587753 |
| effect of nutrition on pellet formation by rhizopus arrhizus. | | 1989 | 18587999 |
| crystal structures of the starch-binding domain from rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase reveal a polysaccharide-binding path. | ga (glucoamylase) hydrolyses starch and polysaccharides to beta-d-glucose. roga (rhizopus oryzae ga) consists of two functional domains, an n-terminal sbd (starch-binding domain) and a c-terminal catalytic domain, which are connected by an o-glycosylated linker. in the present study, the crystal structures of the sbd from roga (rogacbm21) and the complexes with beta-cyclodextrin (sbd-betacd) and maltoheptaose (sbd-g7) were determined. two carbohydrate binding sites, i (trp(47)) and ii (tyr(32)), ... | 2008 | 18588504 |
| formation of polyol-fatty acid esters by lipases in reverse micellar media. | the synthesis of polyol-fatty acid esters has strong implications in such industries as foods, cosmetics, and polymers. we have investigated these esterification reactions employing the polyols ethylene glycol, 2-monoglyceride, and sugars and their derivatives with the biocatalyst lipase in water/aot/isooctane reverse micellar media. for the first reaction, 50-60% conversion was achieved and product selectivity toward the monoester over the diester shown possible by employing lipase from rhizopu ... | 1992 | 18601051 |
| esterification reactions catalyzed by lipases in microemulsions: the role of enzyme localization in relation to its selectivity. | the activity of lipases from rhizopus delemar, rhizopus arrhizus, and penicillium simplicissimum entrapped in microemulsions formulated by bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfo-succinate sodium salt (aot) in isooctane has been studied in esterification reactions of various aliphatic alcohols with fatty acids. the effect of the nature of the fatty acids (chain length) and of the alcohols (primary, secondary, or tertiary; chain length; cyclic structures) on the lipase activities was investigated in relation to ... | 1993 | 18609653 |
| optimization of the process for biodiesel production using a mixture of immobilized rhizopus oryzae and candida rugosa lipases. | in this study, the enzymatic process for biodiesel production was optimized using a mixture of immobilized rhizopus oryzae and candida rugosa lipases. the optimal temperature and agitation speed for biodiesel production were 45oc and 300 rpm, respectively. the optimal ratio of r. oryzae and c. rugosa lipases in the mixture was 3:1 (w:w). when 3mmol of methanol was the initial reaction medium and 3mmol of methanol was added every 1.5 h during biodiesel production, biodiesel conversion was over 98 ... | 2008 | 19131695 |
| comparative characterization of l-lactic acid-producing thermotolerant rhizopus fungi. | acid-producing rhizopus fungi from loog-pang, a traditional thai fermented food, was screened to investigate its potential for use in industrial lactic acid production from starch. a thermotolerant strain, tistr 3518, was isolated and characterized by its morphological, physiological, genetic and fermentation properties, and compared with its mesophilic isolates, tistr 3514 and tistr 3523. tistr 3518 was characterized by shorter sporangiophores and smaller sporangia than the other isolates; howe ... | 2008 | 19134548 |
| identification of an invasive infection of r. oryzae in a haematological patient using a molecular technique. | we report a case of cerebral mucormycosis in a 28-year-old male who was affected by chronic myeloid leukaemia and underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. nine months post-transplantation, he was admitted to the hospital with fever, bilateral eyelid oedema and neutropenia. x-ray analysis showed numerous areas of pulmonary parenchymal thickening, and a computed tomography scan of the brain showed inflammation of the frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses and diffuse swellin ... | 2010 | 19302460 |
| efficacy of liposomal amphotericin b combined with gamma interferon or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for treatment of systemic zygomycosis in mice. | granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhanced the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin b (lamb) in a murine model of disseminated infection by rhizopus oryzae, significantly prolonging survival and reducing tissue burden. the use of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) alone was ineffective, and ifn-gamma combined with lamb did not improve the results obtained with lamb alone. | 2009 | 19451289 |
| water activity dependence of lipases in non-aqueous biocatalysis. | eleven lipases are tested and it was found that lipases can be divided into three types according to water activity dependence. the first type is lipase that has low water activity dependence and works in a low water activity, its performance changes little with the change of water activity. the optimum water activity is 0.19 and newlase f (rhizopus niveus), lipase fap-15 (rhizopus oryzae) belong to this type. the second type is lipase that has medium water activity dependence and its performanc ... | 2009 | 19455434 |
| engineering of bottlenecks in rhizopus oryzae lipase production in pichia pastoris using the nitrogen source-regulated fld1 promoter. | the yeast pichia pastoris has been previously used for extracellular expression of a rhizopus oryzae lipase (rol). however, limitations in rol folding and secretion through the cell wall became apparent when producing it in fed-batch cultivations. in this study, we have investigated the effect of combining two cell engineering strategies to alleviate putative bottlenecks in rol secretion, namely the constitutive expression of the induced form of the saccharomyces cerevisiae unfolded protein resp ... | 2009 | 19552885 |
| novel strategy for yeast construction using delta-integration and cell fusion to efficiently produce ethanol from raw starch. | we developed a novel strategy for constructing yeast to improve levels of amylase gene expression and the practical potential of yeast by combining delta-integration and polyploidization through cell fusion. streptococcus bovis alpha-amylase and rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase/alpha-agglutinin fusion protein genes were integrated into haploid yeast strains. diploid strains were constructed from these haploid strains by mating, and then a tetraploid strain was constructed by cell fusion. the alpha-a ... | 2010 | 19707752 |
| enhancement of l(+)-lactic acid production using acid-adapted precultures of rhizopus arrhizus in a bubble column reactor. | 88 g/l lactic acid was produced from waste potato starch (equivalent to 100 g/l glucose) in a bubble column reactor using appropriate acid-adapted precultures of rhizopus arrhizus. further experiment showed that repeated dilution of cultures caused the decrease of lactic acid concentration and productivity due to formation of large fungal pellets. | 2009 | 19716526 |
| isotope fractionations in the biosynthesis of cell components by different fungi: a basis for environmental carbon flux studies. | abstract the isotope fractionation of carbon from substrates possessing different isotope ratios into fatty acids of polar lipids and amino acids was determined for four different fungi (rhizopus arrhizus, mortierella isabellina, fusarium solani, aspergillus niger). carbon isotope ratios of fungi closely followed that of the substrates. palmitic acid (c16:0), derived from phospholipids, did not display a large carbon isotope fractionation against the substrate. stearic acid (c18:0), however, was ... | 2003 | 19719589 |
| interaction of malathion, an organophosphorus pesticide with rhizopus oryzae biomass. | adsorption of malathion on rhizopus oryzae biomass (rob) with special reference to binding mechanism has been described. rob has been found to adsorb approximately 85% of malathion from its aqueous solution as against 47-68% by other fungal biomasses. hydrogen ion concentration does not influence the adsorption of malathion by rob which follows langmuir-freundlich dual equilibrium isotherm model (r(2)=0.998). both physical and chemical interactions are responsible for binding of malathion on rob ... | 2010 | 19783095 |
| searching for new clues about the molecular cause of endomyocardial fibrosis by way of in silico proteomics and analytical chemistry. | endomyocardial fibrosis (emf) -is a chronic inflammatory disease of the heart with related pathology to that of late stage chaga's disease. indeed, both diseases are thought to result from auto-immune responses against myocardial tissue. as is the case that molecular mimicry between the acidic termini of trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal p0, p1 and p2beta (or simply tcp0, tcp1, and tcp2beta) proteins and myocardial tissue causes chaga's disease, excessive exposure to certain infections, toxins includi ... | 2009 | 19823676 |
| development and optimization of a culture medium for l-lactic acid production by rhizopus oryzae using crude protein from dairy manure as a nitrogen source. | experiments were conducted using the crude protein in fresh dairy manure as the nitrogen source in the culture media for rhizopus oryzae to produce l-lactic acid. two uniform design experiments were carried out with one for optimizing seed culture while the other for best percent l-lactic acid production. multiple linear regression and anova analyses were employed to determine the most significant media components. data from the first uniform design u6 (6(2)x 3), in which the experimental factor ... | 2009 | 19847719 |
| antifungal activity of colistin against mucorales species in vitro and in a murine model of rhizopus oryzae pulmonary infection. | in immunosuppressed hosts, mucormycosis is a life-threatening infection with few treatment options. we studied the activity of colistin (polymyxin e) against mucorales species in vitro and in a murine model of pulmonary rhizopus oryzae infection. colistin exhibited fungicidal activity in vitro against mucorales spores and mycelia. at the colistin mic, initial r. oryzae hyphal damage was followed by rapid regrowth; however, regrowth was prevented by combining colistin with a subinhibitory concent ... | 2010 | 19858263 |
| in vitro interactions between primycin and different statins in their effects against some clinically important fungi. | the in vitro antifungal activities of primycin (pn) and various statins against some opportunistic pathogenic fungi were investigated. pn completely inhibited the growth of candida albicans (mic 64 microg ml(-1)) and candida glabrata (mic 32 microg ml(-1)), and was very effective against paecilomyces variotii (mic 2 microg ml(-1)), but had little effect on aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus flavus or rhizopus oryzae (mics >64 microg ml(-1)). the fungi exhibited different degrees of sensitivity t ... | 2010 | 19875509 |
| production of gamma-linolenic acid in pichia pastoris by expression of a delta-6 desaturase gene from cunninghamella echinulata. | gamma-linolenic acid (gla, c18:3 delta(6,9,12)) is synthesized by a delta-6 fatty acid desaturase using linoleic acid (la, c18:2 delta(9,12)) as a substrate. to enable the production of gla in the conventional yeast pichia pastoris, we have isolated a cdna encoding the delta-6 fatty acid desaturase from cunninghamella echinulata mian6 and confirmed its function by heterogeneous expression in p. pastoris. sequence analysis indicated that this cdna sequence has an open reading frame of 1,404 bp, w ... | 2009 | 19884765 |
| invasive zygomycosis in india: experience in a tertiary care hospital. | to report the natural history and clinical course of zygomycosis from a single tertiary care centre in india where doctors maintain an institutional zygomycosis registry. | 2009 | 19892892 |
| development of batch and continuous processes on biodiesel production in a packed-bed reactor by a mixture of immobilized candida rugosa and rhizopus oryzae lipases. | in this study, transesterification and esterification were investigated in batch and continuous process using immobilized candida rugosa and rhizopus oryzae lipases. in the case of batch process, stepwise reaction method was investigated to prevent the lipase deactivation. reaction conditions were as follows: temperature, 45 degrees c; agitation speed, 250 rpm; enzyme concentration, 20%; and water contents 10%. and then, conversion yield was 98.33% at 4 h. in the case of continuous process, circ ... | 2010 | 19898962 |
| generation of genetic diversity in microsporidia via sexual reproduction and horizontal gene transfer. | microsporidia are obligate intracellular pathogens mainly infecting both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. the group comprises approximately 150 genera with 1,200 species. due to sequence divergence phylogenic reconstructions that are solely based on dna sequence have been unprecise for these pathogens. our previous study identified that three microsporidian genomes contained a putative sex-related locus similar to that of zygomycetes. in a comparison of genome architecture of the microsporidia ... | 2009 | 19907704 |
| preparation of (s)-1-halo-2-octanols using ionic liquids and biocatalysts. | preparation of (s)-1-chloro-2-octanol and (s)-1-bromo-2-octanol was carried out by the enzymatic hydrolysis of halohydrin palmitates using biocatalysts. halohydrin palmitates were prepared by various methods from palmitic acid and 1,2-octanediol. a tandem hydrolysis was carried out using lipases from candida antarctica (novozym 435), rhizomucor miehei (lipozyme im), and "resting cells" from a rhizopus oryzae strain that was not mycotoxigenic. the influence of the enzyme and the reaction medium o ... | 2009 | 19924063 |
| characterization of a cellular immunostimulating peptide from a soybean protein fraction digested with peptidase r. | an immunostimulating glutamine-rich peptide was purified from a soybean protein fraction digested with peptidase r produced by rhizopus oryzae (ro-digest) by a combination of sp-sepharose column chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. the purified peptide was supposed to be located at or near the glutamine-rich region 202 to 222 of the glycinin g4 subunit. the peptide significantly increased the number of cd8(+), cd11b(+), and cd49b(+) cells in c3h/hen mouse spl ... | 2009 | 19926930 |