| is polar bear hair fiber optic? | new direct measurement of high optical attenuation rates in polar bear hairs--2-8 db/mm in the visible--and reanalysis of the data of tributsch et al. [sol. energy mater. 21, 219 (1990)] seem to rule out the uv waveguiding proposed by grojean et al. [appl. opt. 19, 339 (1980)]. the case against fiber-optic polar bear hairs is summarized, and four conditions are given that any variation of the model of grojean et al. would have to satisfy. | 1998 | 18273269 |
| are polar bears too polarizing? | | 2007 | 18075062 |
| thought suppression in obese and non-obese restrained eaters: piece of cake or forbidden fruit? | this article examines thought suppression tendencies in restrained eaters. furthermore, the dynamics between failing thought suppression and thought control strategies are explored. | 2008 | 18074330 |
| modelling the mating system of polar bears: a mechanistic approach to the allee effect. | allee effects may render exploited animal populations extinction prone, but empirical data are often lacking to describe the circumstances leading to an allee effect. arbitrary assumptions regarding allee effects could lead to erroneous management decisions so that predictive modelling approaches are needed that identify the circumstances leading to an allee effect before such a scenario occurs. we present a predictive approach of allee effects for polar bears where low population densities, an ... | 2008 | 18029307 |
| dreaming of white bears: the return of the suppressed at sleep onset. | the present study examined the effects of thought suppression on sleep-onset mentation. it was hypothesized that the decrease of attentional control in the transition to sleep would lead to a rebound of a suppressed thought in hypnagogic mentation. twenty-four young adults spent two consecutive nights in a sleep laboratory. half of the participants were instructed to suppress a target thought, whereas the other half freely thought of anything at all. to assess target thought frequency, three dif ... | 2008 | 17981054 |
| sea ice occurrence predicts genetic isolation in the arctic fox. | unlike oceanic islands, the islands of the arctic sea are not completely isolated from migration by terrestrial vertebrates. the pack ice connects many arctic sea islands to the mainland during winter months. the arctic fox (alopex lagopus), which has a circumpolar distribution, populates numerous islands in the arctic sea. in this study, we used genetic data from 20 different populations, spanning the entire distribution of the arctic fox, to identify barriers to dispersal. specifically, we con ... | 2007 | 17868292 |
| why did the white bear return? obsessive-compulsive symptoms and attributions for unsuccessful thought suppression. | the current study examined the nature and consequences of attributions about unsuccessful thought suppression. undergraduate students with either high (n=67) or low (n=59) levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms rated attributions to explain their unsuccessful thought suppression attempts. we expected that self-blaming attributions and attributions ascribing importance to unwanted thoughts would predict more distress and greater recurrence of thoughts during time spent monitoring or suppressing ... | 2007 | 17825786 |
| investigation of the indulgence cycles hypothesis of suppression on experimentally induced visual intrusions in dysphoria. | within the thought control literature, wegner [(1989). white bears and other unwanted thoughts: suppression, obsession, and the psychology of mental control. new york, ny, usa: penguin press.] referred to the combined initial suppression and expression phases of thought control as an indulgence cycle which results in the rebound effect typically observed in suppression studies. according to ironic process theory [wegner, (1994). ironic processes of mental control. psychological review, 101, 34-5 ... | 2007 | 17692285 |
| working memory, control of interference and everyday experience of thought interference: when age makes the difference. | a number of studies suggest that age differences in working memory may be attributed to age-related differences in inhibitory efficacy. nevertheless, little is known about the impact of intrusive thoughts, which occurs in everyday situations on working memory performance. this study investigates the role of cognitive and everyday inhibition mechanisms in working memory performance. | 2007 | 17607087 |
| trace element concentrations in livers of polar bears from two populations in northern and western alaska. | concentrations of 20 trace elements (v, cr, mn, co, cu, zn, rb, sr, mo, ag, cd, in, sn, sb, cs, ba, hg, tl, pb, and bi) were measured in livers of polar bears (ursus maritimus) collected from northern and western alaska from 1993 to 2002 to examine differences in the profiles of trace metals between the beaufort sea (northern alaska) and the chukchi sea (western alaska) subpopulations in alaska. among the trace elements analyzed, concentrations of cu (50-290 microg/g, dry wt) in polar bear liver ... | 2007 | 17571199 |
| will polar bears be ok? | | 2007 | 17477159 |
| 25-oh-d(3), calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase content in sera from captive polar bear (ursus maritimus) cubs at the denver zoological foundation. | after the development of rickets in two hand-reared polar bear (ursus maritimus) cubs at the denver zoological foundation we initiated a project opportunistically evaluating sera 25-oh-d(3), calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels in seven mother-reared polar bear cubs. from one to three serum samples were obtained while the cub was still in the den with no access to natural sunlight and one after the cub exited the den. the sera 25-oh-d(3) increased as the cubs grew (108+/-37 nmol/ ... | 2007 | 19360570 |
| percutaneous retrieval of a chronic foreign body with both intravascular and extravascular components. | removal of unwanted intravascular foreign body is a useful but infrequent procedure carried out by interventional radiologists. we study a patient who had a long guidewire left in her body following central venous catheter placement by a surgeon. the guidewire was later found in situ, with both intravascular and extravascular components in continuity. we successfully removed the guidewire without causing any complications. standard interventional techniques, amplatz gooseneck snare (microvena, w ... | 2007 | 17419867 |
| polar bear ursus maritimus hearing measured with auditory evoked potentials. | while there has been recent concern about the effects of sound on marine mammals, including polar bears, there are no data available measuring the hearing of any bear. the in-air hearing of three polar bears was measured using evoked auditory potentials obtained while tone pips were played to three individually anaesthetized bears at the kolmården djurpark. hearing was tested in half-octave steps from 1 to 22.5 khz. measurements were not obtainable at 1 khz and best sensitivity was found in the ... | 2007 | 17371910 |
| successful removal of a ruptured silastic percutaneous central venous catheter in a tiny premature infant. | the spontaneous rupture of a silastic catheter is a rare occurrence. we describe our experience of managing a tiny premature infant with embolization of a silastic percutaneous central venous catheter (pcvc) and discuss the possible mechanisms of the embolization. a 28-week, 980 g, preterm male infant received a silastic pcvc (epicutaneo cava catheter, vygon, germany) for parenteral nutritional support at 4 days of age. the catheter was introduced percutaneously and advanced without difficulty t ... | 2008 | 17302225 |
| individual differences in self-reported thought control: the role of the repressive coping sytle. | the purpose of the present research is to assess differences between repressors and non repressors in some aspects associated with conscious thought control. thus, sixty-three spanish university students with different combinations of trait anxiety and defensiveness completed the thought control ability questionnaire (tcaq) and the white bear suppression inventory (wbsi). data analysis showed that subjects with low anxiety (repressors and low anxious) reported higher perceived ability to control ... | 2006 | 17296036 |
| retrieval stent filter: treatment of budd chiari syndrome complicated with inferior vena cava thrombosis--initial clinical experience. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial clinical efficacy of a retrieval stent filter for the management of budd chiari syndrome complicated with inferior vena cava thrombosis. | 2007 | 17258004 |
| endangered species. u.s. weighs protection for polar bears. | | 2007 | 17204613 |
| behavioral decisions for managing social distance and aggression in captive polar bears (ursus maritimus). | the polar bear (ursus maritimus) in most zoos attracts high levels of public attention and can play an important role in conservation education. polar bears in the wild are typically solitary; bears in captivity often house socially. this study reported behavioral evidence on how bears manage this situation and whether proximity leads to aggression. the study recorded location and behavior once per minute for 106 hr for 2 female polar bears at the philadelphia zoo; the samples represented all ti ... | 2006 | 17112334 |
| density functional theory for hard-sphere mixtures: the white bear version mark ii. | in the spirit of the white bear version of fundamental measure theory we derive a new density functional for hard-sphere mixtures which is based on a recent mixture extension of the carnahan-starling equation of state. in addition to the capability to predict inhomogeneous density distributions very accurately, like the original white bear version, the new functional improves upon consistency with an exact scaled-particle theory relation in the case of the pure fluid. we examine consistency in d ... | 2006 | 21690897 |
| composition of chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants among major adipose tissue depots of polar bears (ursus maritimus) from the canadian high arctic. | monitoring of environmental contaminants in canadian arctic polar bears (ursus maritimus) typically has used superficial adipose tissue samples collected as part of controlled native subsistence hunts. however, little attention has been paid to the compositional difference in contaminants that may exist among the major adipose depots that are routinely collected. to address this knowledge gap, we investigated the profiles and concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants (chcs), includi ... | 2006 | 16978684 |
| suppression of neutral and trauma targets: implications for posttraumatic stress disorder. | recent findings suggest that thought suppression may lead to increased intrusive thoughts for trauma survivors, paradoxically increasing symptoms. participants with trauma history, 31 with posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and 34 without ptsd, engaged in neutral white bear and trauma suppression tasks. a group difference was found for the trauma task and not for the neutral task. for the trauma task, both groups demonstrated an increase of trauma thoughts during suppression, but the ptsd grou ... | 2006 | 16929506 |
| a norwegian adaptation of the penn state worry questionnaire: factor structure, reliability, validity and norms. | a norwegian version of the penn state worry questionnaire (pswq) was administered to 304 undergraduate students together with the beck depression inventory (bdi), the state-trait anxiety inventory (stai) and the maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory (moci). the pswq was also administered to a community sample comprising 879 subjects, together with the beck anxiety inventory (bai), the beck depression inventory ii (bdi ii) and the white bear suppression inventory (wbsi). structural equation mod ... | 2006 | 16869861 |
| issues of choice and control in the behaviour of a pair of captive polar bears (ursus maritimus). | stereotyped behaviour occurs in a wide variety of captive animals including ursids. the provision of animal control over aspects of their environment by providing choices is a critical element for improving welfare. the behaviour of two sibling polar bears at a metropolitan zoo was examined to investigate the effect of providing access to their indoor, off-exhibit holding space. both bears demonstrated behavioural changes when given the choice to access their indoor dens including decreased ster ... | 2006 | 16687218 |
| the attentional white bear phenomenon: the mandatory allocation of attention to expected distractor locations. | the authors devised a prestimulus-probe method to assess the allocation of attention as a function of participants' top-down expectancies concerning distractor and target locations. participants performed the flanker task, and distractor locations remained fixed. on some trials, instead of the flanker display, either 2 simultaneous dots or a horizontal line appeared. the dot in the expected distractor location was perceived to occur before the dot in the expected empty location, and the line app ... | 2006 | 16634675 |
| temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl contaminants in polar bears (ursus maritimus) from two locations in the north american arctic, 1972-2002. | perfluoroalkyl substances are globally distributed anthropogenic contaminants. their production and use have increased dramatically from the early 1980s. while many recent publications have reported concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and other perfluoroalkyl acids (pfas) in biotic and abiotic samples, only limited work has addressed temporal trends. in this study we analyzed archived polar bear(ursus maritimus) livertissue samples from two geographic locations in the north americ ... | 2006 | 16572767 |
| effective interactions in colloid-semipermeable membrane systems. | we investigate effective interactions between a colloidal particle, immersed in a binary mixture of smaller spheres, and a semipermeable membrane. the colloid is modeled as a big hard sphere, and the membrane is represented as an infinitely thin surface, which is fully permeable to one of the smaller spheres and impermeable to the other one. within the framework of the density functional theory, we evaluate depletion potentials and we consider two different approximate theories: the simple asaku ... | 2006 | 16548580 |
| working in canada's subarctic: circumpolar medicine. | medical practice in churchill is a challenging and rewarding form of wilderness medicine. if any reader is interested in learning more about churchill or would like to consider visiting or even taking a health care position here, the following resources and contacts are available: the website for churchill independent travel (www.creighton.edu/hutchens/church_travel.html) gives a complete list of options for those wishing to plan their own trip. the arctic medicine conference is a medical confer ... | 2006 | 16538947 |
| chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated contaminants in livers of polar bears from alaska. | the existence of two subpopulations of polar bears in alaska, the beaufort sea and the chukchi sea populations, has been documented. in this study, differences in concentrations and profiles of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes), and perfluorinated acids were examined in livers of polar bears from the two subpopulations in alaska. concentrations of most of the organohalogens analyzed were greater in the beaufort sea subpopulation t ... | 2005 | 16382925 |
| reduced autobiographical memory specificity as an avoidant coping style. | previous studies suggest that reduced autobiographical memory specificity might serve as a way of regulating affect. this study examined the relationship between autobiographical memory specificity and avoidant coping. | 2005 | 16368035 |
| antebrachial fractures in four captive polar bears (ursus maritimus). | to identify common risk factors for antebrachial fractures of captive polar bears and to evaluate outcome after fracture repair. | 2011 | 16212591 |
| are polar bears threatened? | | 2005 | 16166501 |
| circumpolar study of perfluoroalkyl contaminants in polar bears (ursus maritimus). | perfluoroalkyl substances were determined in liver tissues and blood of polar bears (ursus maritimus) from five locations in the north american arctic and two locations in the european arctic. concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos), perfluorohexane sulfonate, heptadecafluorooctane sulfonamide, and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates with c(8)-c(15) perfluorinated carbon chains were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. pfos concentrations were significantly correla ... | 2005 | 16124282 |
| x-sizer for thrombectomy in acute myocardial infarction improves st-segment resolution: results of the x-sizer in ami for negligible embolization and optimal st resolution (x amine st) trial. | we sought to compare, in a prospective randomized multicenter study, the effect of adjunctive thrombectomy using x-sizer (ev3, white bear lake, minnesota) before percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) versus conventional pci in patients with acute myocardial infarction (ami) for <12 h and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (timi) flow grade 0 to 1. the primary end point was the magnitude of st-segment resolution after pci. | 2005 | 16022950 |
| monorail snare technique for the recovery of stretched platinum coils: technical case report. | coil stretching represents a potentially hazardous technical complication not infrequently encountered during the embolization of cerebral aneurysms. often, the stretched coil cannot be advanced into the aneurysm or withdrawn intact. the operator is then forced to attempt to retract the damaged coil, which may result in coil breakage, leaving behind a significant length of potentially thrombogenic stretched coil material within the parent vessel. to overcome this problem, we devised a technique ... | 2005 | 15987594 |
| sulfonation of environmental chemicals and their metabolites in the polar bear (ursus maritimus). | although its habitat comprises mostly remote regions of the arctic, the polar bear is subject to bioaccumulation of persistent environmental pollutants. along with their phase i metabolites, they are potential substrates for detoxification via sulfonation and glucuronidation. the capability of polar bear liver to sulfonate a structurally diverse group of environmental chemicals, that is, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-oh-b[a]p), triclosan, 4'-hydroxy-3,3',4,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (4'oh-pcb79), 4'-hy ... | 2005 | 15951448 |
| [the reliability and validity of the white bear suppression inventory]. | the white bear suppression inventory (wbsi) is a self-report questionnaire measuring tendency to suppress unwanted intrusive thoughts. the aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the wbsi in a turkish sample. | 2004 | 15622508 |
| pops in polar bears: organochlorines affect bone density. | | 2004 | 15595176 |
| myasthenia gravis in a polar bear (ursus maritimus). | a 14.6-yr-old, female, multiparous polar bear (ursus maritimus) acutely developed an apparent hind limb weakness. physical examination and diagnostic tests including a hemogram, serum biochemistry, electrolytes, radiographs, and myelogram did not provide a definitive diagnosis. no improvement in condition was noted during 4 days of supportive care, and the bear was euthanized. an ovoid mass was present in the anterior mediastinum, and a thymoma was confirmed histologically. compared with control ... | 2004 | 15526902 |
| seasonal and temporal trends in polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in east greenland polar bears (ursus maritimus), 1990-2001. | persistent organochlorine (oc) contaminants (pcbs, ddts, chlordanes (chls), dieldrin, hexachlorocyclohexanes (hchs), chlorobenzenes (cbzs)) were determined in adipose tissue of 92 polar bears (ursus maritimus) sampled between 1999 and 2001 in central east greenland (69 degrees 00'n to 74 degrees 00'n). oc data were presented from subadults (s: females: x 5 years and males: x 6 years), adult females (f: x 5 years) and adult males (m: x 6 years). summed chlorobiphenyl (sigmacbs) concentrations (41 ... | 2004 | 15325144 |
| validity and reliability of the spanish version of the white bear suppression inventory. | this study examined the validity and reliability of the spanish version of the white bear suppression inventory in a sample of 833 spanish students. the internal consistency of the inventory was high (cronbach alpha = .88), and the test-retest correlation after 4 wk. was satisfactory (r = .72). pearson correlations of scores on the spanish version of the white bear suppression inventory with criterion measures (beck depression inventory, trait subscale of the state-trait anxiety inventory, and s ... | 2004 | 15217027 |
| organochlorines affect the steroid hormone cortisol in free-ranging polar bears (ursus maritimus) at svalbard, norway. | since the polar bear (ursus maritimus) is among the most highly organochlorine-contaminated species of the arctic mammals, there is growing concern that in addition to the natural stressors in the polar bear's environment, several organochlorines (ocs) may be able to change basic endocrine pathways. alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis may affect plasma cortisol concentrations and inhibit physiological processes involved in the maintenance of homeostasis in a way that may ... | 2004 | 15205038 |
| glucuronidation in the polar bear (ursus maritimus). | polar bears bioaccumulate lipophilic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), into their bodies from their exclusive diet of marine organisms. hydroxylated pcb metabolites (oh-pcbs) have been found in plasma, presumably due to cyp-dependent biotransformation of pcbs in liver. little is known about the phase 2 metabolism of hydroxylated xenobiotics in polar bears. the objective of this study was to examine udp-glucuronosyltransferase (ugt) activity with oh-pcbs and a hydroxylated p ... | 2013 | 15178068 |
| effects of suppressing neutral and obsession-like thoughts in normal subjects: beyond frequency. | recent cognitive-behavioral theories on obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) show that deliberate attempts to suppress intrusive and undesirable thoughts lie at the genesis of clinical obsessions. in this paper the results of an experimental study on the suppression of neutral and obsession-like thoughts in normal subjects are presented. eighty-seven university students performed in three experimental periods: (1) base-line monitoring, (2) experimental instruction, and (3) monitoring. for each of ... | 2004 | 15149902 |
| adult facial growth: applications to aesthetic surgery. | reshaping of the face with age is a result of volume change and loss of support. it is not well understood which tissues are involved in this process. recent publications suggest that adult bone growth may have a significant role. | 2014 | 15058547 |
| polar bears in a warming climate. | polar bears (ursus maritimus) live throughout the ice-covered waters of the circumpolar arctic, particularly in near shore annual ice over the continental shelf where biological productivity is highest. however, to a large degree under scenarios predicted by climate change models, these preferred sea ice habitats will be substantially altered. spatial and temporal sea ice changes will lead to shifts in trophic interactions involving polar bears through reduced availability and abundance of their ... | 2004 | 21680496 |
| don't think of a white bear: an fmri investigation of the effects of sequential instructional sets on cortical activity in a task-switching paradigm. | using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri), we investigated processes involved in switching between two ongoing tasks, thought to be paradigmatic of executive control processes. subjects were considerably slower and less accurate when switching between two tasks than when repeatedly carrying out one task, so-called "switch costs." switch costs, however, generally occur only when more than one task is associated with each stimulus type. this has led to the surmise that switch costs may be ... | 2004 | 15038009 |
| one-wire technique for performance of balloon aortic valvuloplasty. | we present a new one-wire technique for balloon aortic valvuloplasty and discuss possible advantages of this technique over other techniques. | 2004 | 15009765 |
| organochlorines affect the major androgenic hormone, testosterone, in male polar bears (ursus maritimus) at svalbard. | normal sexual development and subsequent reproductive function are dependent on appropriate testosterone production and action. the regulation of steroid hormones, including androgens, can be influenced by both biological and environmental factors, including environmental chemicals. concentrations of organochlorines are considerably greater in svalbard polar bears than in polar bears from other regions. between 1995 and 1998, samples were collected from 121 male polar bears (ursus maritimus) fro ... | 2003 | 14710596 |
| space-use strategy is an important determinant of pcb concentrations in female polar bears in the barents sea. | space-use was examined in 54 female polar bears (ursus maritimus) from svalbard and the barents sea that were collared with satellite transmitters to provide information on their spatial positions and annual home range sizes. plasma samples from the same animals were analyzed for concentrations of six relevant pcb congeners (pcb-99, -153, -156, -180, -194, and -118). factors related to space-use strategy (such as home range size; annual, spring, and winter longitudinal position; and spring and s ... | 2003 | 14620819 |
| roaming polar bears reveal arctic role of pollutants. | | 2003 | 14603277 |
| anesthesia of polar bears using xylazine-zolazepam-tiletamine or zolazepam-tiletamine. | immobilization features and physiologic effects of combinations of xylazine-zolazepam-tiletamine (xzt) and zolazepam-tiletamine (zt or telazol) were compared in nine captive and 17 free-ranging polar bears (ursus maritimus) between 1998 and 2001. although induction time was similar between drugs, induction dosage and volume were less with xzt. induction of immobilization with xzt was predictable and smooth, muscle relaxation was good, and all bears remained completely immobilized and unresponsiv ... | 2003 | 14567228 |
| the effects of a documentary film about schizophrenia on psychiatric stigma. | this study examined whether viewing a documentary that depicts individuals with schizophrenia can reduce psychiatric stigma. one hundred and sixty-three individuals were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: no documentary film, documentary about polar bears, documentary about fears of being overweight, and documentary about schizophrenia. participants also completed a battery of tasks assessing attitudes toward persons with schizophrenia, attributions about the disorder, and intentions t ... | 2003 | 14552511 |
| right atrial migration and percutaneous retrieval of a günther tulip inferior vena cava filter. | this report describes a 67-year-old trauma victim in whom a retrievable günther tulip (cook, bloomington, in) inferior vena cava filter was placed. the filter migrated to the right atrium immediately after placement. initial attempts to retrieve the filter with amplatz goose neck snares (microvena, white bear lake, mn) were unsuccessful. a second attempt performed a week later with the addition of the new ensnare (mdtech, gainesville, fl) was successful. possible causes of the migration are disc ... | 2003 | 14514816 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive hormones in female polar bears at svalbard. | high concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in polar bears from svalbard have increased concern for that population's reproductive health. we examined whether there were associations between the plasma concentrations of pcbs and reproductive hormones [progesterone (p4)] and 17 beta-estradiol (e2)] in free-living female polar bears from svalbard. concentrations of p4 depended on reproductive status, and concentrations were lowest in females with offspring--females with cubs and female ... | 2003 | 12676595 |
| immunohistochemical study of retinol-binding protein in livers of polar bears (thalarctos maritimus). | liver tumors of unknown cause have frequently been described in polar bears. concurrent decrease of vitamin a levels and chronic liver disease are associated with hepatic carcinogenesis in humans. more than 90% of the body's vitamin a is stored in the liver, where it is bound to an intracellular retinol-binding protein (rbp). therefore, in this retrospective study, rbp was assessed by immunohistochemistry in liver sections of 11 polar bears. two of these polar bears had hepatocellular carcinoma, ... | 2003 | 12637760 |
| organochlorine contaminant and stable isotope profiles in arctic fox (alopex lagopus) from the alaskan and canadian arctic. | arctic fox (alopex lagopus) is a circumpolar species distributed across northern canada and alaska. arctic fox muscle and liver were collected at barrow, ak, usa (n=18), holman, nt, canada (n=20), and arviat, nu, canada (n=20) to elucidate the feeding ecology of this species and relate these findings to body residue patterns of organochlorine contaminants (ocs). stable carbon (delta 13c) and nitrogen (delta 15n) isotope analyses of arctic fox muscle indicated that trophic position (estimated by ... | 2003 | 12547532 |
| ecological risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants in the arctic. | ecological risk assessment of persistent organic chemicals in marine mammals in the arctic would comprise assessments of both exposure and effect and risk characterization. results from a comprehensive collaborative study between norwegian and canadian researchers, comprising epizoological (ecological) studies (reproductive rate, offspring survival), experimental studies on the immune system function, monitoring studies (e.g. physiological assays of thyroid hormones, retinol, igg and testosteron ... | 2002 | 12505309 |
| how to suppress obsessive thoughts. | thought suppression (i.e. consciously trying to avoid certain thoughts from entering consciousness) has been argued to be an inadequate strategy in case of unwanted intrusions. that is, thought suppression seems to result in more rather than less intrusions. although this experimental finding has been explained in terms of failing attempts to distract oneself from the target thought, the white bear suppression inventory (wbsi; a scale that measures chronic thought suppression tendencies) does no ... | 2003 | 12488122 |
| polar bear liver, vitamin a, aquaporins, and pseudotumor cerebri. | | 2002 | 12402248 |
| specificity of measures of thought control. | the rebound effect (d. m. wegner, 1994) essentially involves the persistence of thought when an effort has been made to suppress the cognitive activity. some of the research in this area has been directed at determining personal factors that predict differential levels of rebound. to this end, measures of thought control have emerged. in the present study the authors examined the properties of 2 measures of thought control: the thought control questionnaire (tcq; a. wells & m. i. davies, 1994) a ... | 2002 | 12081090 |
| contrasting the ironic monitoring and motivational explanations of postsuppressional rebound. | suppressing a thought often results in postsuppressional rebound, that is, a subsequent increase in the incidence of the suppressed thought. the present study was dcsigned to distinguish between two explanations of rebound: wegner's 1994 ironic monitoring theory and liberman and forster's 2000 motivational account. participants (99 deakin university students) first suppressed, then expressed, thoughts of a white bear. in some conditions, a delay--presented as occurring either intentionally or un ... | 2002 | 12061583 |
| seasonal changes in testicular size and serum lh, prolactin and testosterone concentrations in male polar bears (ursus maritimus). | little is known about the reproductive endocrinology of the male polar bear, ursus maritimus, except that serum testosterone concentrations are high in april and may during the mating season and are low from august to november during the non-mating season. the objective of this study was to describe the relationship between seasonal changes in testicular size and serum concentrations of testosterone, lh and prolactin. blood samples and testicular measurements were obtained from free-ranging male ... | 2002 | 12006101 |
| body burdens and tissue concentrations of organochlorines in polar bears (ursus maritimus) vary during seasonal fasts. | lipophilic organochlorines (ocs) are ingested by mammals through their foods and are generally stored in adipose tissue depots. for some species, such as polar bears, the size of these depots can fluctuate seasonally by several-fold. however, the effect of these fluctuations on the fate of stored ocs in an animal with such labile lipid depots is unknown. we determined the whole body burden and tissue concentrations of ocs in free-ranging polar bears categorized by age (cubs-of-the-year, yearling ... | 2002 | 11996380 |
| innervation of the lower eyelid in relation to blepharoplasty and midface lift: clinical observation and cadaveric study. | ectropion or scleral show resulting from weakness of the lower eyelids is not uncommon after lower blepharoplasty or midface lift via blepharoplasty incision. denervation of the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle (oom) attributes to such complications. the authors analyzed 102 patients who underwent midface lift via lower blepharoplasty incision for the past 3 years and investigated the motor nerve innervation of the lower oom in 20 cadavers. they encountered two cases of ectropion attributed to ... | 2001 | 11756795 |
| polar bears fuel row over alaskan oil. | | 2001 | 11713490 |
| monitoring pcbs in polar bears: lessons learned from svalbard. | monitoring pollutants in the biota of the arctic is a high priority activity of the circumpolar arctic nations. polar bears (ursus maritimus) are one species that have been selected for monitoring, owing to their high trophic position in the arctic marine ecosystem and high contaminant levels. considerable research has been directed at understanding the effects of pollutants, and ultimately these effects are tied to temporal trends in pollutant levels. this paper reports on the state of contamin ... | 2001 | 11695117 |
| a gc/ecni-ms method for the identification of lipophilic anthropogenic and natural brominated compounds in marine samples. | gc/ecni-ms in both the full scan and selected ion monitoring modes was applied to study the patterns of brominated compounds in the blubber of marine mammals from a variety of locations. the adipose tissue of one polar bear was also studied. occurrence of three major residues originating from the use of brominated flame-retardants (pbde 47, 99, and 100) and several potential naturally occurring brominated compounds was studied in the samples. a series of three major natural brominated compounds ... | 2001 | 11681471 |
| the dependence of seasonal movements of female polar bears on the reproductive status. | | 2006 | 11605346 |
| extraversion and the rebound effect after thought suppression. | 83 participants thought about a white bear before or after trying to suppress the idea. there was no rebound effect (more expression of white-bear thoughts after than before suppression) for either introverts or extraverts. | 2001 | 11597062 |
| endocrine disruption in sexual differentiation and puberty. what do pseudohermaphroditic polar bears have to do with the practice of pediatrics? | what do pseudohermaphroditic polar bears and girls with premature breast development have in common? hormones. sexual differentiation and the initiation of secondary sexual characteristics, such as breast growth, are both under the control of the sex hormones estrogen and androgen. abnormal differentiation of the internal or external genitalia in bears and early onset of breast development in girls also may have a common element--exposure to environmental hormones. | 2001 | 11579671 |
| the relationship between thought suppression and smoking cessation. | intrusive thoughts (e.g., anxiety, depression, substance use) are among the most salient symptoms of clinical problems. therefore, methods of thought suppression have received considerable attention. however, some studies have found that attempts to suppress thoughts precipitate an increase in thoughts. in the case of substance abuse, such thoughts could serve as cues for further use. this study examined the association between thought suppression and quitting smoking in a sample of current and ... | 2010 | 11456074 |
| the angel wings das devices for atrial septal defect closure. | the angel wings das device (microvena corporation, white bear lake, mn) is a self-centering, nitinol-polyester prosthesis with two square-shaped disks and a customized delivery catheter. the implantation success rate for atrial septal defects (asds) was 92% and 94% in the phase i and ii trials in the united states, and 97% and 100% for patients with patent foramen ovale (pfo). residual shunts in the phase ii united states trials at 24 hours by transthoracic echocardiography are as follows: for p ... | 2000 | 11096653 |
| white bears and other elusive intrusions. assessing the relevance of thought suppression for obsessional phenomena. | according to recent research, deliberate suppression of unwanted thoughts may result in a paradoxical increase in their frequency. recent cognitive-behavioral theories of obsessive-compulsive disorder now consider active thought suppression to be a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of obsessions. however, there are considerable inconsistencies in the results of studies investigating the thought suppression paradox that make it difficult to apply findings to obsessional problems. furthermore, ma ... | 2000 | 10881386 |
| the handling of polar bears in the western hudson bay. | | 2000 | 10813629 |
| subcutaneous implantation of satellite transmitters with percutaneous antennae into male polar bears (ursus maritimus). | male polar bears (ursus maritimus) have not been successfully instrumented with satellite transmitters because they readily shed collar-mounted transmitters. seven male polar bears were captured on the pack ice off the northern coast of alaska and surgically implanted with satellite transmitters with percutaneous antennae into the subcutaneous space of the dorsal cervical region. transmitters failed prematurely with lifetimes of 30-161 days (mean = 97 days). efforts to relocate implanted bears a ... | 1999 | 10749436 |
| comparative physiologic effects of telazol, medetomidine-ketamine, and medetomidine-telazol in captive polar bears (ursus maritimus). | the cardiopulmonary effects of three drug combinations in polar bears (ursus maritimus) were studied. in 1995, five adult polar bears received i.m. injections of either 8.2 +/- 1.3 mg/kg of telazol or a combination of 159 +/- 34 microg/kg of medetomidine with 4 +/- 0.8 mg/kg of ketamine in a crossover design. significantly higher mean arterial pressure, lower heart rate, and lower partial pressure of arterial oxygen (pao2) occurred with medetomidine-ketamine. in 1996, six adult polar bears were ... | 1999 | 10749435 |
| removal of a ruptured, detached, and entrapped angioplasty balloon after coronary stenting. | entrapment of balloon catheters after coronary angioplasty or stent implantation is a complication during these procedures. we describe the removal of a ruptured angioplasty balloon which had become disconnected from the proximal shaft of the balloon catheter and entrapped after coronary stenting by using a 4 mm amplatz "goose neck" microsnare retrieval system (microvena, white bear lake, minnesota). the retrieval was accomplished without any complications. retrieval systems should be on hand in ... | 2000 | 10731273 |
| roald amundsen: a study in rivalry, masochism and paranoia. | the author suggests that freud was intrigued by those who explored the still unknown regions of the globe; in 1928 he received a letter from a colleague who knew he was interested in the psychology of polar explorers, asking him to comment on some strange visualizations that had haunted roald amundsen, the great polar explorer, when during one of his arctic expeditions he was attacked and nearly mauled to death by a polar bear. freud emphasised the quality of resignation and surrender inherent i ... | 1999 | 10643576 |
| polar bears in the jungle: reflections on obesity and overeating. | | 2017 | 10614257 |
| anesthesia of polar bears (ursus maritimus) with zolazepam-tiletamine, medetomidine-ketamine, and medetomidine-zolazepam-tiletamine. | a 1:1 combination (by weight) of zolazepam and tiletamine is the drug of choice for anesthetizing polar bears (ursus maritimus), but recovery time is prolonged when additional doses are administered. recoveries may last 24 hr and may threaten the health of the bears. we compared the anesthetic effects of zolazepam-tiletamine (zt) with those of medetomidine-ketamine (mk) and medetomidine-zolazepam-tiletamine (mzt) in 93 free-ranging polar bears. the mzt combination was administered in smaller dos ... | 1999 | 10572857 |
| parachutes, polar bears, and patients. | | 1999 | 10510610 |
| cardiopulmonary response of anesthetized polar bears to suspension by net and sling. | since 1995, at least three polar bears (ursus maritimus) have died in the area of churchill (manitoba, canada) as a direct result of being suspended in a net during helicopter-assisted translocations. to assess and improve methods of suspending anesthetized polar bears, we conducted a study during november 1997 to determine the cardiopulmonary responses of eight captive polar bears to suspension by net and by sling. each bear was anesthetized on two occasions in which the sequence of activities ... | 1999 | 10479090 |
| transcatheter closure of a patent foramen ovale following mitral valve replacement. | we report the successful closure of a postoperative patent foramen ovale in a patient who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve replacement for severe mitral insufficiency. the postoperative course was complicated by severe hypoxemia due to a large patent foramen ovale. the patient underwent transcatheter closure with the das angel wings transcatheter occluder (microvena corporation, white bear lake, mn) with immediate improvement. | 1999 | 10475443 |
| suppression and ritualistic behaviour in normal participants. | previous research has shown that normal and abnormal ritualistic behaviours do not differ in content. rather, the differences between both categories of rituals pertain to characteristics such as frequency, intensity, discomfort and resistance. this study sought to investigate whether thought suppression is linked to these characteristics. | 1999 | 10389600 |
| hypospadias in a polar bear (ursus maritimus). | corrective surgery on a 1.5-yr-old male polar bear (ursus maritimus) with hypospadias included amputation of the vestigial penis, bilateral orchiectomy with scrotal ablation, and distal perineal urethrostomy. hypospadias in other species is a congenital deformity that may be caused by extra- and intrauterine factors resulting in a disruption of the testosterone balance during urethral development, but the causative mechanism in this bear is unknown. the urethrostomy site was functional without c ... | 1999 | 10367656 |
| rickets in two hand-reared polar bear (ursus maritimus) cubs. | two polar bear (ursus maritimus) cubs born at the denver zoological gardens were abandoned by a primiparous mother. lethargic and extremely chilled, the cubs were transported to the zoo hospital for intensive care and hand rearing. both cubs developed rickets. dietary changes were instituted, and both cubs completely recovered with the exception of a bowed right femur (genu varum) in the female cub. | 1999 | 10367655 |
| feature centrality: naming versus imagining. | being white is central to whether we call an animal a "polar bear," but it is fairly peripheral to our concept of what a polar bear is. we propose that a feature is central to category naming in proportion to the feature's category validity--the probability of the feature, given the category. in contrast, a feature is conceptually central in a representation of the object to the extent that the feature is depended on by other features. further, we propose that naming and conceptual centrality ar ... | 1999 | 10355241 |
| chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in polar bears from eastern russia, north america, greenland, and svalbard: biomonitoring of arctic pollution. | adipose tissue samples from polar bears (ursus maritimus) were obtained by necropsy or biopsy between the spring of 1989 to the spring of 1993 from wrangel island in russia, most of the range of the bear in north america, eastern greenland, and svalbard. samples were divided into 16 regions corresponding as much as possible to known stocks or management zones. concentrations of dieldrin (diel), 4,4'-dde (dde), sum of 16 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (sigma pcb), and sum of 11 chlordane-rela ... | 1998 | 9680529 |
| thought suppression produces a rebound effect with analogue post-traumatic intrusions. | attempts to suppress traumatic material may be involved in the development and maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). in order to investigate this possibility, analogue post-traumatic intrusions were induced in normal participants by means of a distressing film. for comparison, a second film was used to induce intrusions about polar bears. it was hypothesized that the suppression of these intrusions would produce an immediate decrease but a delayed increase ("rebound effect") in t ... | 1998 | 9648331 |
| agenesis of a radius in a polar bear cub (ursus maritimus). | a polar bear (ursus maritimus) cub, delivered by a cesarean section, was diagnosed with congenital agenesis of the radius on the basis of clinical presentation and radiology. a specific etiology could not be ascertained. agenesis of the radius has not been previously reported in any nondomestic species. | 1998 | 9638629 |
| don't worry and beware of white bears: thought suppression in anxiety patients. | the ability to suppress unwanted thoughts was investigated in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (gad; n = 29), speech phobics (n = 25), and nonanxious controls (n = 28). all participants spent 5 minutes thinking aloud about anything that came to mind while trying not to think of white bears. in another task, they thought aloud for 5 minutes while trying not to think of their main worry. intrusions of unwanted thoughts were signaled by button presses and recorded on tape. in accordance w ... | 2009 | 9549608 |
| reversible immobilization of free-ranging polar bears with medetomidine-zolazepam-tiletamine and atipamezole. | the objective of this study was to determine if the potent alpha 2 agonist, medetomidine, and its specific antagonist, atipamezole, could be effectively used to immobilize polar bears (ursus maritimus). specifically, our goal was to develop a drug combination containing medetomidine that addressed some of the problems such as prolonged recovery time, non-reversibility, and poor analgesia that have been identified with the currently preferred drug combination, zolazepamtiletamine (telazol or zole ... | 1997 | 9249708 |
| organochlorines in polar bears (ursus maritimus) at svalbard. | a comprehensive survey on organochlorine (oc) contaminants in polar bears at svalbard has been undertaken. subcutaneous tissue, blood and milk have been sampled from anesthetized free-ranging bears of both sexes and different ages in the period from 1990 to 1994. a number of sexually mature females have been fitted with satellite transmitters which make it possible to follow their reproductive behaviour pattern. we report on contamination levels and pattern of pcb congeners, chlordanes, ddt-comp ... | 1997 | 15093456 |
| catheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects. | catheter occlusion of atrial septal defects has its roots in the 1950s, with early devices being implanted during closed-heart surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass. for the past 20 years, various catheter-delivered devices have undergone testing and refinement. designs have included single- and double-disk prostheses, with a variety of materials, delivery systems, and techniques. in this monograph, the history of atrial septal defect occluders and their evaluation, results, and prognoses will ... | 1997 | 9456481 |
| jaws catheter exchange: an alternative method of exchanging coronary interventional devices. | this study describes an alternative method of exchanging over-the-wire (otw) angioplasty catheters over standard length coronary guide wires. exchange was facilitated with a specially designed catheter stripper, jaws (microvena, white bear lake, mn). jaws is a disposable instrument similar to an electrician's wire stripper whose cutting blades automatically center the wire before cutting the catheter shaft. one hundred seventy catheter exchanges were performed in 93 patients. catheter extraction ... | 1996 | 8958439 |
| use of fluoxetine for the treatment of stereotypical pacing behavior in a captive polar bear. | stereotypical behaviors are common in captive animals, particularly captive polar bears. effects of oral administration of fluoxetine on chronic stereotypical and typical behaviors in a captive polar bear were monitored. fluoxetine treatment terminated stereotypic pacing behavior, facial tic, and huffing/coughing activity. the expression of typical polar bear behaviors was not affected by fluoxetine treatment, although the proportion of time spent engaged in typical behaviors changed during the ... | 1996 | 8870749 |
| individual differences in thought suppression. the white bear suppression inventory: factor structure, reliability, validity and correlates. | the white bear suppression inventory [wbsi; wegner, d.m. & zanakos, s. (1994), journal of personality, 62, 615-640] is a self-report questionnaire measuring people's general tendency to suppress unwanted negative thoughts. the current article describes two studies investigating the reliability, factor structure, validity, and correlates of the wbsi. study 1 (n = 172) showed that the wbsi is a reliable instrument in terms of internal consistency and test-retest stability. factor analyses of the w ... | 2010 | 8687372 |
| versatility of the microvena snare in pediatric interventional cardiac catheterization. | improved catheter and device technology has allowed the practice of pediatric interventional catheterization to expand in recent years. one such example of technologic advancement has been the development of an intravascular snare by microvena (white bear lake, mn). we present three patients in which the snare was effectively used to perform definitive transcatheter therapy and avoid the need of more invasive surgical treatment. we believe that the snare device significantly decreased our fluoro ... | 1996 | 8721706 |
| immunoquantitation and microsomal monooxygenase activities of hepatic cytochromes p4501a and p4502b and chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminant levels in polar bear (ursus maritimus). | contamination of the arctic ecosystem by anthropogenic compounds has resulted in exposure of polar bear (ursus maritimus) to lipophilic chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants (chcs) accumulated through the marine food web. liver samples were collected from 16 adult male polar bears in the canadian arctic and subjected to chemical analysis for chcs and metabolites, determination of alkoxyresorufin o-dealkylase activities, and immunoquantitation of cytochrome p450 (cyp) protein levels. we report on ... | 1996 | 8661337 |