| effects of environmental temperature on oviposition behavior in three blow fly species of forensic importance. | a number of factors are known to affect blow fly behavior with respect to oviposition. current research indicates that temperature is the most significant factor. however temperature thresholds for oviposition in forensically important blow flies have not been well studied. here, the oviposition behavior of three species of forensically important blow fly species (calliphora vicina, calliphora vomitoria and lucilia sericata,) was studied under controlled laboratory conditions over a range of tem ... | 2017 | 28364721 |
| distribution modeling of three screwworm species in the ecologically diverse landscape of north west pakistan. | north west pakistan (nwp) is characterized by four eco-zones: northern montane region, north western hills, submontane region and indus plains. present study identified 1037 cases of traumatic myiasis in the region during 2012-2015. screw worm larvae were classified as 12 species: chrysomya bezziana (villeneuve), chryomya megacephala (fabricius), chrysomya rufifacies (macquart), lucilia cuprina (wiedemann), lucilia sericata (meigen), lucilia illustris (meigen), lucilia porphyrina (walker), hemip ... | 2016 | 27311386 |
| identifying 1st instar larvae for three forensically important blowfly species using "fingerprint" cuticular hydrocarbon analysis. | calliphoridae are known to be the most forensically important insects when it comes to establishing the minimum post mortem interval (pmimin) in criminal investigations. the first step in calculating the pmimin is to identify the larvae present to species level. accurate identification which is conventionally carried out by morphological analysis is crucial because different insects have different life stage timings. rapid identification in the immature larvae stages would drastically cut time i ... | 2014 | 24815992 |
| species composition of forensically important blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) and flesh flies (diptera: sarcophagidae) through space and time. | weekly monitoring of forensically important flight-active blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) and flesh flies (diptera: sarcophagidae) was performed using small baited traps. sampling took place in two rural, one suburban and two urban habitats in and around frankfurt (main), germany, lasting two years and eight months. highest values for species richness and chao-shen entropy estimator for shannon's index in both families were found at the urban sites, peaking during summer. space-time interact ... | 2014 | 24529768 |
| internal morphological analysis for age estimation of blow fly pupae (diptera: calliphoridae) in postmortem interval estimation. | larvae and pupae of blow fly species are frequently used in postmortem interval estimation, their age indicating minimum time since death. most studies have considered age estimation of larvae, neglecting study of pupae. relative development of external pupal features is useful, but there are also internal changes during metamorphosis that may be indicators of age, utilizing histological techniques. this study aimed to optimize preservation and histological analysis of blow fly pupae, specifical ... | 2013 | 22621310 |
| blowfly puparia in a hermetic container: survival under decreasing oxygen conditions. | despite widely accepted standards for sampling and preservation of insect evidence, unrepresentative samples or improperly preserved evidence are encountered frequently in forensic investigations. here, we report the results of laboratory studies on the survival of lucilia sericata and calliphora vomitoria (diptera: calliphoridae) intra-puparial forms in hermetic containers, which were stimulated by a recent case. it is demonstrated that the survival of blowfly intra-puparial forms inside airtig ... | 2017 | 28668988 |
| a combined protocol for identification of maggots of forensic interest. | in forensic entomology the estimation of the age of insects is used for the estimation of the minimum post-mortem interval. as insect development is temperature dependent and species specific, a correct species identification is therefore fundamental. in the majority of cases the molecular identification is based on a destructive approach. in this paper a working protocol for molecular identification of fly larvae without affecting the anatomical characters used for morphological identification ... | 2016 | 27320399 |
| interspecific shared collective decision-making in two forensically important species. | to date, the study of collective behaviour has mainly focused on intraspecific situations: the collective decision-making of mixed-species groups involving interspecific aggregation-segregation has received little attention. here, we show that, in both conspecific and heterospecific groups, the larvae of two species (lucilia sericata and calliphora vomitoria, calliphorid carrion-feeding flies) were able to make a collective choice. in all groups, the choice was made within a few minutes and pers ... | 2016 | 26865296 |
| temperature-dependent appearance of forensically useful flies on carcasses. | flies are frequently used for postmortem interval (pmi) estimations. these estimates are usually based on the age of larval or pupal specimens. however, the age defines only the minimum pmi. in order to move forensic entomology further, a method useful for the estimation of an interval preceding insect appearance on a corpse called the pre-appearance interval (pai) is needed. recently, it was demonstrated that the pai of several carrion beetles is closely related to the temperature prevailing th ... | 2014 | 24096988 |
| allergen profile of protophormia terraenovae, other species of calliphoridae, and lumbricus terrestris in anglers allergic to maggots in cáceres, spain. | our group previously found that up to 7% of amateur anglers in caceres, spain may be allergic to the larvae of protophormia terraenovae (order diptera, family calliphoridae) used as live bait for fishing. | 2013 | 23967756 |
| insect fauna of human cadavers in tehran district. | entomological data can provide valuable information for crime scene investigations especially in post-mortem interval (pmi) estimation. this study performed to determine insect fauna of human corpses in tehran district. | 2017 | 29322053 |
| development and evaluation of male-only strains of the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | the australian sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina (wiedemann) is a major pest of sheep in australia and new zealand. from the 1960s to the 1980s there was a major effort to develop "field female killing" or ffk strains of l. cuprina that could be used for a cost-effective genetic control program. the ffk strains carried eye color mutations that were lethal to females in the field but not under conditions in the mass rearing facility. males did not die in the field as normal copies of the eye color ge ... | 2014 | 25472415 |
| transgenic sexing system for genetic control of the australian sheep blow fly lucilia cuprina. | the new world screwworm and the australian sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina are devastating pests of livestock. the larvae of these species feed on the tissue of the living animal and can cause death if untreated. the sterile insect technique or sit was used to eradicate screwworm from north and central america. this inspired efforts to develop strains containing complex chromosomal rearrangements for genetic control of l. cuprina in australia. although one field trial was promising, the approach w ... | 2014 | 24928635 |
| longevity, fertility and fecundity of adult blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) held at varying densities: implications for use in bioconversion of waste. | large numbers of flies are needed to produce the quantity of larvae required for insect bioconversion of waste. however, this 'mass-rearing' may negatively affect adult survival and reproductive output. this study assessed the suitability for mass-rearing of four blow fly species, chrysomya chloropyga, chrysomya chloropyga (wiedemann), chrysomya megacephala (f.), chrysomya putoria (wiedemann) and lucilia sericata (meigen). flies were kept at densities of 20, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 flies pe ... | 2017 | 29040631 |
| the geographical distribution of fly larvae on corpses in saitama prefecture in japan during the summer season. | identification of fly larvae species may offer valuable information as to the location, or the environment in which corpses were placed, but only if the geographical distribution of larva species is clarified. in this study, we investigated a total of 126 larvae on 42 corpses found in saitama prefecture in japan between july and september. we identified the larva species by analyzing the sequences of mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase gene subunit i. our results revealed that larvae belonged t ... | 2017 | 28081794 |
| methods for external disinfection of blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) eggs prior to use in wound debridement therapy. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) is the use of the larval stage of flies (i.e., calliphoridae) to remove necrotic tissue and disinfect wounds. effective mdt requires aseptic technique to prevent the unintentional introduction of pathogenic bacteria into a wound to be debrided; yet the external surface of calliphoridae eggs is often heavily contaminated with bacteria. studies of external disinfection of dipteran eggs have been reported, but neither their efficacy nor effect on egg viability has b ... | 2016 | 27041484 |
| estimating the number of eggs in blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) egg masses using photographic analysis. | little work has been done to quantify the number of eggs oviposited by blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) in studies examining colonization behavior. egg counting methods currently available are time-consuming and destructive. this study used imagej software and analysis of covariance to relate the volume of egg masses to the number of eggs laid by three different blow fly species: lucilia sericata (meigen), phormia regina (meigen), and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart). egg mass volume, species, ... | 2015 | 26335472 |
| response of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) to screwworm oviposition attractant. | the sheep blowfly, lucilia sericata meigen (diptera: calliphoridae), causes sheep myiasis in various parts of the world. female flies are attracted to sheep following various olfactory cues emanating from the sheep's body, and oviposit on suitable substrates on sheep ultimately causing myiasis. earlier workers attempted to reduce fly population in the field, with some success, using traps baited with various attractants. this research was conducted to determine if l. sericata would respond to a ... | 2015 | 26335458 |
| factors affecting species identifications of blow fly pupae based upon chemical profiles and multivariate statistics. | alternative methods for the identification of species of blow fly pupae have been developed over the years that consist of the analyses of chemical profiles. however, the effect of biotic and abiotic factors that could influence the predictive manner for the tests have not been evaluated. the lipids of blowfly pupae (cochliomyia macellaria, lucilia cuprina, lucilia sericata, and phormia regina) were extracted in pentane, derivatized, and analyzed by total-vaporization solid phase microextraction ... | 2017 | 28398264 |
| preliminary study of the succession pattern of necrobiont insects, colonising species and larvae on pig carcasses in temuco (chile) for forensic applications. | knowledge regarding the succession patterns of insects that visit carcasses as well as the other arthropod that colonise them and analysis of the parameters that are associated with larvae allow calculation of the minimum postmortem interval (pmi). this information is obtained from experiments carried out under specific geoclimatic conditions, which determine their application in forensic environments under similar conditions. the field study presented here is the first in chile to analyse the d ... | 2012 | 22578807 |
| recombinant expression and characterization of lucilia cuprina cyp6g3: activity and binding properties toward multiple pesticides. | the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina, is a primary cause of sheep flystrike and a major agricultural pest. cytochrome p450 enzymes have been implicated in the resistance of l. cuprina to several classes of insecticides. in particular, cyp6g3 is a l. cuprina homologue of drosophila melanogaster cyp6g1, a p450 known to confer multi-pesticide resistance. to investigate the basis of resistance, a bicistronic escherichia coli expression system was developed to co-express active l. cuprina cy ... | 2017 | 28918158 |
| morphology and identification of first instars of the european and mediterranean blowflies of forensic importance. part ii. luciliinae. | first instars of lucilia ampullacea villeneuve, lucilia caesar linnaeus, lucilia cuprina weidemann, lucilia richardsi collin, lucilia sericata meigen and lucilia silvarum meigen (diptera: calliphoridae) are thoroughly documented with scanning electron microscopy images, light microscopy photographs and line drawings. the following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, cephaloskeleton, thoracic and abdominal spinulation, spiracul ... | 2013 | 23205742 |
| insect-active toxins with promiscuous pharmacology from the african theraphosid spider monocentropus balfouri. | many chemical insecticides are becoming less efficacious due to rising resistance in pest species, which has created much interest in the development of new, eco-friendly bioinsecticides. since insects are the primary prey of most spiders, their venoms are a rich source of insect-active peptides that can be used as leads for new bioinsecticides or as tools to study molecular receptors that are insecticidal targets. in the present study, we isolated two insecticidal peptides, µ/ω-trtx-mb1a and -m ... | 2017 | 28475112 |
| insecticidal activities of histone deacetylase inhibitors against a dipteran parasite of sheep, lucilia cuprina. | histone deacetylase inhibitors (hdaci) are being investigated for the control of various human parasites. here we investigate their potential as insecticides for the control of a major ecto-parasite of sheep, the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. we assessed the ability of hdaci from various chemical classes to inhibit the development of blowfly larvae in vitro, and to inhibit hdac activity in nuclear protein extracts prepared from blowfly eggs. the hdaci prodrug romidepsin, a cyclic de ... | 2017 | 28110187 |
| heat accumulation and development rate of massed maggots of the sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina (diptera: calliphoridae). | blowfly larvae aggregate on exposed carcasses and corpses and pass through three instars before wandering from the carcass and pupating. the developmental landmarks in this process can be used by forensic entomologists to estimate the time since the insects colonised the carcass, which sets a minimum post mortem interval. large aggregations of feeding larvae generate a microclimate with temperatures up to 15°c above ambient conditions, which may accelerate larval development and affect forensic ... | 2016 | 27646733 |
| phylogenetic radiation of the greenbottle flies (diptera, calliphoridae, luciliinae). | the subfamily luciliinae is diverse and geographically widespread. its four currently recognised genera (dyscritomyia grimshaw, 1901, hemipyrellia townsend, 1918, hypopygiopsis townsend 1916 and lucilia robineau-desvoidy, 1830) contain species that range from saprophages to obligate parasites, but their pattern of phylogenetic diversification is unclear. the 28s rrna, coi and period genes of 14 species of lucilia and hemipyrellia were partially sequenced and analysed together with sequences of 1 ... | 2016 | 27103874 |
| evolution of protein quaternary structure in response to selective pressure for increased thermostability. | oligomerization has been suggested to be an important mechanism for increasing or maintaining the thermostability of proteins. although it is evident that protein-protein contacts can result in substantial stabilization in many extant proteins, evidence for evolutionary selection for oligomerization is largely indirect and little is understood of the early steps in the evolution of oligomers. a laboratory-directed evolution experiment that selected for increased thermostability in the αe7 carbox ... | 2016 | 27016206 |
| the impacts of larval density and protease inhibition on feeding in medicinal larvae of the greenbottle fly lucilia sericata. | larval therapy, the therapeutic use of blowfly larvae to treat chronic wounds, is primarily used in debridement. there are, however, gaps in current knowledge of the optimal clinical application of the therapy and mechanisms of action in the debridement process. using an artificial assay, two studies were undertaken to investigate these aspects of larval debridement by lucilia sericata meigen (diptera: calliphoridae); the first studied the effects of the density of larvae on tissue digestion and ... | 2016 | 26463514 |
| molecular characterization and expression analysis of hsp60 gene homologue of sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. | the 60kda heat shock protein (hsp60) or chaperonin is one among the highly conserved families of heat shock proteins, known to be involved in variety of cellular activities, including protein folding, thermal protection, etc. in this study we sequence characterized hsp60 gene homologue of lucilia cuprina, isolated and cloned from the genomic library as well as by genomic pcr, followed by race- pcr. the l. cuprina hsp60 gene/protein expression pattern was analyzed in various tissues, either at no ... | 2015 | 26267495 |
| human cutaneous myiasis by the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina (diptera: calliphoridae), in oklahoma. | this case report describes an incident of myiasis in oklahoma city, oklahoma. paramedics treated a 53-year-old man in the field when he suffered cardiac arrest. he was intubated by the paramedics and transported to an emergency room, where he received two stents and a balloon pump. he was found to have a gcs of three and remained in the hospital for 7 days before passing away. after his death, the breathing tube was removed, revealing the presence of several maggots. on closer inspection, the di ... | 2015 | 25824092 |
| a metagenomic assessment of the bacteria associated with lucilia sericata and lucilia cuprina (diptera: calliphoridae). | lucilia robineau-desvoidy (diptera: calliphoridae) is a blow fly genus of forensic, medical, veterinary, and agricultural importance. this genus is also famous because of its beneficial uses in maggot debridement therapy (mdt). although the genus is of considerable economic importance, our knowledge about microbes associated with these flies and how these bacteria are horizontally and trans-generationally transmitted is limited. in this study, we characterized bacteria associated with different ... | 2015 | 25306907 |
| survival advantage of cyromazine-resistant sheep blowfly larvae on dicyclanil- and cyromazine-treated merinos. | to determine whether a cyromazine-resistant strain of lucilia cuprina was able to establish strikes sooner than a susceptible strain on cyromazine- or dicyclanil-treated sheep. | 2014 | 25290608 |
| a qualitative examination of the gst proteome of the blow fly, lucilia cuprina: use of cross-database matching of maldi data. | this study was aimed at determining whether, in the absence of a full genetic database for the sheep blowfly (lucilia cuprina) glutathione transferases from this insect could be characterized by cross-database matching of maldi tof data with the database for other metazoan organisms. glutathione transferases of l. cuprina were partially purified by the sequential use of affinity chromatography media; first on glutathione immobilized on epichlorohydrin-activated sepharose 6b and subsequently on d ... | 2015 | 25286080 |
| control of the sheep blowfly in australia and new zealand--are we there yet? | the last 50 years of research into infections in australia and new zealand caused by larvae of the sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina, have significantly advanced our understanding of this blowfly and its primary host, the sheep. however, apart from some highly effective drugs it could be argued that no new control methodologies have resulted. this review addresses the major areas of sheep blowfly research over this period describing the significant outcomes and analyses, and what is still required ... | 2014 | 25240442 |
| morphological identification of lucilia sericata, lucilia cuprina and their hybrids (diptera, calliphoridae). | hybrids of lucilia sericata and lucilia cuprina have been shown to exist in previous studies using molecular methods, but no study has shown explicitly that these hybrids can be identified morphologically. published morphological characters used to identify l. sericata and l. cuprina were reviewed, and then scored and tested using specimens of both species and known hybrids. ordination by multi-dimensional scaling indicated that the species were separable, and that hybrids resembled l. cuprina, ... | 2014 | 25061373 |
| lucifensin ii, a defensin of medicinal maggots of the blowfly lucilia cuprina (diptera: calliphoridae). | a novel homolog of insect defensin, designated lucifensin ii (lucilia cuprina wiedemann [diptera: calliphoridae] defensin), was purified from hemolymph extract from larvae of the blowfly l. cuprina. the full-length primary sequence of this peptide of 40 amino acid residues and three intramolecular disulfide bridges was determined by electrospray ionization-orbitrap mass spectrometry and edman degradation and is almost identical to the previously identified sequence of lucifensin (lucilia sericat ... | 2013 | 23802451 |
| the in vitro response of field strains of sheep blowflies lucilia sericata and l. cuprina (calliphoridae) in new zealand to dicyclanil and triflumuron. | to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of triflumuron and dicyclanil against field strains of lucilia sericata and l. cuprina in new zealand to establish whether anecdotal reports of declining protection periods afforded by dips containing these active ingredients had validity. | 2013 | 23441987 |
| genetic control of lucilia cuprina: analysis of field trial data using simulation techniques. | an analytical version of the genetic control simulation program gencon has been used to further analyze the data obtained during field trials of genetic control of the sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina, in 1976-79. in the simulations, population trends from a nonrelease area were used as an estimate of the rates of increase that would have occurred in the target population if there had been no releases. genetic data from the target area (frequencies of matings by released males) were used to predic ... | 1991 | 24212858 |
| computer simulation of genetic control. comparison of sterile males and field-female killing systems. | a computer program, gencon, designed to simulate genetic control using field-female killing systems, is described. these systems incorporate sex-linked translocations and conditional lethal mutations. genetic death in field populations is caused by semisterility of the translocation and by homozygosis of the mutations in females and non-translocation males of field origin. simulations using the program compare the effectiveness, in populations regulated by density, of genetic control using this ... | 1988 | 24232398 |
| interaction between genotypes at the diazinon-resistance locus of the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. facilitation of development of susceptible genotypes. | the survival of larvae with susceptible (+ +) genotypes at the diazinon-resistance locus of the australian sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina is facilitated by prior conditioning of diazinon-containing media by heterozygote (r+) or resistant (rr) larvae. the effect is not observed on media without diazinon. conditioning by + + genotypes does not affect subsequent development of susceptible larvae and the viability of r + and rr larvae is unaffected by conditioning of the media. similar results are o ... | 1988 | 28581077 |
| field trial of a compound chromosome strain for genetic control of the sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina. | in 1979-80 a field trial of a compound chromosome (cc) strain of the australian sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina was conducted in the isolated brindabella valley, n.s.w. new genetic material was introduced into the strain before release by inducing 104 new cc elements by irradiation of recently captured field strains, and combining the resulting strains. weekly releases, averaging 1.1 million larvae per week, were begun in november 1979 and continued to may 1980. field-inseminated females were trap ... | 1985 | 24254109 |
| evidence for an attractant in cuticular lipids of femalelucilia cuprina (wied.), australian sheep blowfly. | various nonpolar and weakly polar organic solvent extracts of femalelucilia cuprina caused more flies to be trapped in conical flasks, placed in cages of blowflies, than in untreated flasks or in flasks treated with similar extracts of malel. cuprina. this is attributed to an attractant present in the extracts of female flies, and since more females than males tended to be trapped, the attractant (or pheromone) possibly plays a role in the group oviposition behavior exhibited by this species. th ... | 1981 | 24420592 |
| water balance characteristics of pupae developing in different size maggot masses from six species of forensically important flies. | the impact of maggot mass size on body water content, net transpiration rate, and dehydration tolerance of fly pupae was examined in six species of necrophagous flies. species that spent more time on food as larvae, produced pupae with high body water contents. dehydration tolerance limits of pupae were modest, matching the moisture-rich conditions of decaying carrion for larvae. protophormia terraenovae pupariates on food as it dries, and this was reflected by pupae having the highest body wate ... | 2013 | 23517617 |
| fly reservoir associated with wohlfahrtiimonas bacteremia in a human. | wohlfahrtiimonas species bacteria were isolated from the bloodstream of a patient with septicemia and wound myiasis. environmental investigations identified a wohlfahrtiimonas sp. among insects in the americas and in a previously undescribed vector, the green bottle fly (lucilia sericata). the isolates possibly represent a new species within the genus wohlfahrtiimonas. | 2018 | 29350147 |
| maggot debridement therapy for an electrical burn injury with instructions for the use of lucilia sericata larvae. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) has proved an efficient and reliable approach for wound healing. we explain the use of maggots with a stepwise procedure for conducting mdt in a patient with severe and large electrical wounds. | 2017 | 29244970 |
| same, same but different!-matching entomological traces to a human food source by stable isotope analysis. | blow flies are important tools in forensic entomology, as they feed and develop on human bodies. this fact can be used to estimate the minimum post mortem interval (pmimin), by classifying the age of the immature stages found on corpses. the capacity to also be able to classify the age of adult flies, or even empty puparia, could increase the timeframe for a pmimin. however, the association of older developmental stages, such as adult flies or their empty cases, with a human cadaver may be chall ... | 2017 | 29189911 |
| immunological evaluation of some antigens of lucilia sericata larvae. | the present study aimed to select an antigen of lucilia sericata larvae showing both high antigenicity and cross-reactive binding abilities with other related antigens of l. sericata larvae for obtaining a promising candidate vaccine antigen. the elisa results primary concluded that among the excretory secretory (es) and midgut (mg) antigens of the different larval instars of l. sericata, mgl2 could be characterized as antigen which was able to reflect the highest level of antigenicity and cross ... | 2017 | 29114146 |
| evaluating the anti-leishmania activity of lucilia sericata and sarconesiopsis magellanica blowfly larval excretions/secretions in an in vitro model. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by infection by parasites from the genus leishmania. clinical manifestations can be visceral or cutaneous, the latter mainly being chronic ulcers. this work was aimed at evaluating calliphoridae lucilia sericata- and sarconesiopsis magellanica-derived larval excretions and secretions' (es) in vitro anti-leishmanial activity against leishmania panamensis. different larval-es concentrations from both blowfly species were tested against either l. panam ... | 2018 | 28982577 |
| external ophthalmomyiasis caused by lucilia sericata (diptera: challiphoride) larva. | myiasis is an animal or human pathogenic condition initiated by parasitic dipterous fly larvae feeding in the host's necrotic or living tissue. here we report a case of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by lucilia sericata in a 78-yr-old with a vascular tumor of the retina and surgery history, from bijar city of kurdistan province, iran in 2015. associated symptoms included right eye pain with mucoid ocular discharge, headache, sensing the presence of a foreign body in the eye and itching. examin ... | 2017 | 28979359 |
| beneficial effects of extracts from lucilia sericata maggots on burn wounds in rats. | lucilia sericata maggots have beneficial properties; however, their protective effects on burn wounds have yet to be fully elucidated. in the present study, a deep second‑degree burn rat model was used to investigate the burn wound healing properties of aqueous extract of maggots (mae). the anti‑inflammatory, antioxidative and antibacterial activities were examined. in addition, the protein expression levels of akt, vascular endothelial growth factor a (vegfa) and nuclear factor‑κb (nf‑κb) were ... | 2017 | 28944889 |
| entomotoxicology in burnt bodies: a case of maternal filicide-suicide by fire. | one of the most common methods of maternal filicide is by fire. in this case study, a 40-year-old female and her children were found completely burned in a burnt out car. all bodies showed a degree of destruction by fire consisting to a level 3 of the crow-glassman scale (cgs) and early stage of insect activity. toxicological analyses were performed on soft tissues and body fluids still available. the results were positive for diazepam and its metabolites only for children with blood concentrati ... | 2017 | 28691148 |
| effects of lucilia sericata on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and analysis of its secretome at the proteome level. | the use of lucilia sericata larvae on the healing of wounds in diabetics has been reported. however, the role of the excretion/secretion (es) products of the larvae in treatment of diabetic wounds remains unknown. this study investigated whether application of the es products of l. sericata on the wound surface could improve the impaired wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. additional analysis was performed to understand proteome content of l. sericata secretome to understand e ... | 2017 | 28621210 |
| evaluation of sterilized artificial diets for mass rearing the lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae). | the impact of six sterilized diets (blood-yeast agar diet, decomposed beef liver diet, powdered beef liver diet, powdered fish diet, milk-based diet, and a chemically defined diet) on lucilia sericata (meigen) larvae reared at three densities (10 larvae, 20 larvae, and 40 larvae on 20 g diet) was determined in comparison to fresh beef liver as a control. specifically, the effects of these diets on the following traits of l. sericata were measured: 1) pupal weight, 2) pupation percentage, 3) eclo ... | 2017 | 28472319 |
| endotoxin testing of a wound debridement device containing medicinal lucilia sericata larvae. | alimentary products of medicinal lucilia sericata larvae are studied to determine their mechanisms of action, particularly in the contexts of wound debridement and disinfection. furthermore, the larvae can be applied to patients in contained medical devices (such as the biobag; biomonde). here, we tested the materials and larval content of the most commonly used debridement device (the "bb-50") to explore the possibility that endotoxins may be contributing to the bio-activity of the product, giv ... | 2017 | 28419727 |
| a new method for the production of sterile colonies of lucilia sericata. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) refers to the use of blowfly larvae to clean or debride an infected wound. most commonly, larvae of lucilia sericata (meigen) (diptera: calliphoridae) are used, and are sterilized prior to use to ensure no further bacterial infections are introduced during treatment. current methods sterilize eggs from laboratory-reared blowfly colonies, after which sterile early second instar maggots can be provided to hospitals for use in treatment. maggots not required for tre ... | 2017 | 28402593 |
| to eat or get heat: behavioral trade-offs between thermoregulation and feeding in gregarious necrophagous larvae. | the thermoregulation behavior of lucilia sericata larvae (diptera: calliphoridae), a necrophagous species that feeds on vertebrate cadavers, was investigated. these larvae require high heat incomes to develop, and can elevate temperatures by forming large aggregates. we hypothesized that l. sericata larvae should continue to feed at temperatures up to 38 °c, which can be reached inside larval masses. thermal regulation behavior such as movement between a hot food spot and colder areas was also p ... | 2017 | 28374542 |
| spectral signatures of immature lucilia sericata (meigen) (diptera: calliphoridae). | hyperspectral remote sensing is an innovative technology with applications in many sciences and is a non-destructive method that may offer more precise aging within development stages. hyperspectral reflectance measurements from the anterior, midsection, and posterior of lucilia sericata (meigen) larvae and pupae were conducted daily from samples of the developing insects beginning at second instar. only midsection measurements were conducted on second instar larvae due to their size, to ensure ... | 2017 | 28333104 |
| how flies are flirting on the fly. | flies have some of the most elaborate visual systems in the insecta, often featuring large, sexually dimorphic eyes with specialized "bright zones" that may have a functional role during mate-seeking behavior. the fast visual system of flies is considered to be an adaptation in support of their advanced flight abilities. here, we show that the immense processing speed of the flies' photoreceptors plays a crucial role in mate recognition. | 2017 | 28193269 |
| quality control of a medicinal larval (lucilia sericata) debridement device based on released gelatinase activity. | lucilia sericata meigen (diptera: calliphoridae) larvae are manufactured worldwide for the treatment of chronic wounds. published research has confirmed that the primary clinical effect of the product, debridement (the degradation of non-viable wound tissue), is accomplished by a range of enzymes released by larvae during feeding. the quality assessment of larval activity is currently achieved during production using meat-based assays, which monitor insect growth and/or the reduction in substrat ... | 2017 | 28117913 |
| excretions/secretions from medicinal larvae (lucilia sericata) inhibit complement activation by two mechanisms. | larvae of the blowfly lucilia sericata facilitate wound healing by removing dead tissue and biofilms from non-healing and necrotic wounds. another beneficial action of larvae and their excretions/secretions (es) is down-regulation of excessive inflammation. as prolonged complement activation is key to excessive inflammation, the aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the anti-complement activities of es. results revealed that heat sensitive serine proteases in es degrade mu ... | 2017 | 28019718 |
| the transcriptional responses of cultured wound cells to the excretions and secretions of medicinal lucilia sericata larvae. | maggots, through their excretions and secretions (es), promote wound healing by removing necrotic tissue, counter bacterial infection, and activate wound associated cells. we investigated the effects of a physiological dose of maggot es on four wound-associated cell types in vitro with affymetrix gene expression arrays; keratinocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and monocytes. keratinocytes showed the fewest (n = 5; p < 0.05, fold-change ±2) and smallest fold-changes (up to 2.32×) in gene ex ... | 2017 | 27868332 |
| canine wound myiasis caused by lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) in korea. | myiasis is a relatively common infection of animals kept as pets, although only 1 case of canine myiasis has been described so far in the republic of korea. in the present study, we report an additional case of canine wound myiasis with identification of its causative agent, lucilia sericata. an 8-year-old male siberian husky dog was referred with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea to the chungbuk national university veterinary medical center, cheongju-si (city), chungcheongbuk-do (province), kore ... | 2016 | 27853125 |
| [comparative study of the efficacy of larva therapy for debridement and control of bacterial burden compared to surgical debridement and topical application of an antimicrobial]. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) is the use of medical grade maggots of the fly lucilia sericata for wound debridement. recent observations show that mdt decreases bacterial burden as well. venous ulcers are the most commonly seen in wound clinics and require, besides adequate treatment of venous hypertension, proper wound bed preparation with debri dement of necrotic tissue and control of potential infections. to evaluate the efficacy of mdt in venous ulcers a randomized controlled trial was de ... | 2016 | 27792719 |
| viability of lucilia sericata maggots after exposure to wound antiseptics. | after debridement and before dressing a wound with maggots of calliphorid flies, one frequently performed step is the application of antiseptics to the prepared wound bed. however, the concomitant application of antiseptic agents during maggot therapy is regarded controversial as antiseptics may interfere with maggots' viability. in this experimental in vitro study, the viability of fly maggots was investigated after exposure to various antiseptics frequently used in wound care. here, we show th ... | 2017 | 27396987 |
| a case of extensive wound myiasis caused by lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) in a patient with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma, in turkey. | the larvae causing myiasis can lead extensive tissue destruction, invasion into deep tissues and secondary infections. poor hygiene, low socioeconomic condition and presence of open wounds are the most important predisposing factors. this case report describes destructive wound myiasis in a 58-year-old male patient diagnosed with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma who lives in a rural area in ankara, turkey. approximately 200 larvae were collected and identified as lucilia sericata by morph ... | 2016 | 27308285 |
| differential diptera succession patterns on decomposed rabbit carcasses in three different habitats. | this study describes for the first time the necrophagous diptera attracted to rabbit carcasses in three distinct habitats in riyadh, kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa). a mean number of 1,427 flies belonging to 8 families and 16 species were collected during the decomposition process of the rabbits at the three different sites. carcasses in the agricultural habitat attracted 1,146 flies from 7 families and 14 species, compared to carcasses in the urban site, which attracted 249 flies from 5 families ... | 2016 | 27282814 |
| maggot debridement therapy as primary tool to treat chronic wound of animals. | maggot debridement therapy (mdt) is a safe, effective, and controlled method ofhealing of chronic wounds by debridement and disinfection. in this therapy live, sterile maggots of green bottle fly, lucilia (phaenicia) sericata are used, as they prefernecrotic tissues over healthy for feeding. since centuries, mdt is used in humanbeings to treat chronic wounds. lately, mdt came out as a potent medical aid in animals. in animals, although, this therapy is still limited and clinical studies are few. ... | 2016 | 27182137 |
| effect of continuous and cyclic exposure to a cold environment on the development of larvae of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) in different sized larval masses. | regulation of forensic practice in many countries prevents the pathologist performing an immediate autopsy. during the period prior to autopsy, the corpse and the insects possibly associated with it are stored in a mortuary with temperatures ∼4°c. when a corpse is found in a late stage of decay, fly immatures may be present as small or large larval masses. the purpose of refrigeration at 4°c is to slow down the decomposition of the corpse as well as the temporary disruption of the activity and d ... | 2016 | 27113109 |
| towards next generation maggot debridement therapy: transgenic lucilia sericata larvae that produce and secrete a human growth factor. | diabetes and its concurrent complications impact a significant proportion of the population of the us and create a large financial burden on the american health care system. fda-approved maggot debridement therapy (mdt), the application of sterile laboratory-reared lucilia sericata (green bottle fly) larvae to wounds, is a cost-effective and successful treatment for diabetic foot ulcers and other medical conditions. human platelet derived growth factor-bb (pdgf-bb) is a secreted dimeric peptide ... | 2016 | 27006073 |
| comparative ultrastructure of pretarsi in five calyptrate species. | pretarsi are the most important structures that allow flies to walk on various smooth surfaces and act as contact sensory organs. the pretarsal ultrastructure, including adhesive pads, claws, unguitractors, and bristles, of five calyptrate species are presented and described in detail, including calliphora calliphoroides (rohdendorf, 1931), lucilia sericata (meigen, 1826), sarcophaga portschinskyi (rohdendorf, 1937), muscina stabulans (fallen, 1817) and portschinskia magnifica pleske, 1926. two ... | 2016 | 26916893 |
| determination of effective mirnas in wound healing in an experimental rat model. | the larvae of lucilia sericata have been used for centuries as medicinal maggots in the healing of wounds. the present study aimed to screen potential micrornas related to es-induced wound healing in rat skin wounds and to investigate the potential mechanisms contributing to accelerated wound healing. healthy, male, 12 weeks old wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were supplied by the animal experimental center. all animal studies were performed in accordance with the nih guide for the care an ... | 2015 | 26718435 |
| development and validation of a lc/ms method for the determination of δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-carboxy-δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in the larvae of the blowfly lucilia sericata: forensic applications. | in a number of forensic toxicological cases, δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) and its metabolite 11-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (thca) are frequently considered as contributor factors to the event. to that, a liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric method is described for the identification and quantitation of thc and its metabolite thca in the forensically important larvae of l. sericata. larvae of lucilia sericata were fortified with varying concentrations of thc and thca covering th ... | 2015 | 26654083 |
| acquired smell? mature females of the common green bottle fly shift semiochemical preferences from feces feeding sites to carrion oviposition sites. | we investigated foraging decisions by adult females of the common green bottle fly, lucilia sericata, in accordance with their physiological state. when we gave female flies a choice between visually occluded, fresh canine feces (feeding site) and a co2-euthanized rat (carrion oviposition site), 3-d-old "protein-starved" females responded equally well to feces and carrion, whereas protein-fed gravid females with mature oocytes responded only to carrion, indicating resource preferences based on a ... | 2016 | 26637207 |
| the distribution of blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) larval lengths and its implications for estimating post mortem intervals. | the length or stage of development of blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) larvae may be used to estimate a minimum postmortem interval, often by targeting the largest individuals of a species in the belief that they will be the oldest. however, natural variation in rate of development, and therefore length, implies that the size of the largest larva, as well as the number of larvae longer than any stated length, will be greater for larger cohorts. length data from the blow flies protophormia terra ... | 2016 | 26573382 |
| an experimental investigation into the colonization of concealed cadavers by necrophagous blowflies. | we used seven baited boxes with different combinations of access holes and odor diffusion surfaces to study the arrival of necrophagous flies. during laboratory experiments, 30 gravid lucilia sericata females were kept in a chamber with one of the boxes. the box with the largest odor diffusion surface (99 cm(2)) combined with the lowest accessibility (one 1 cm(2) entrance hole) was entered least (5 ± 3.7 flies per run). in contrast, the most frequently entered box (one 9 cm(2) entrance hole with ... | 2015 | 26496788 |
| growth and survival of blowfly lucilia sericata larvae under simulated wound conditions: implications for maggot debridement therapy. | maggot debridement therapy has become a well-established method of wound debridement. despite its success, little information is available about the optimum duration of the treatment cycle and larval growth in wounds. this study examines the development of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) larvae under two containment conditions (bagged and free range) under simulated wound conditions and assesses the impact of transport and further storage of larvae on their survival and growth. there w ... | 2015 | 26382290 |
| the first survey of forensically important entomofauna collected from medicolegal autopsies in south korea. | forensic entomology applies insect evidence to legal problems such as the estimation of minimum postmortem interval (mpmi). for this purpose, knowledge of the insect fauna that are attracted to human cadavers in each geographic region is a prerequisite. despite many studies investigating the insect fauna attracted to meat, there has been no survey of the entomofauna on human cadavers in the east asian temperate climate zone, particularly in korea. therefore, this study reports the entomofauna co ... | 2015 | 26185759 |
| time management by medicinal larvae. | wound bed preparation (wbp) is an integral part of the care programme for chronic wounds. the acronym time is used in the context of wbp and describes four barriers to healing in chronic wounds; namely, dead tissue, infection and inflammation, moisture imbalance and a non-migrating edge. larval debridement therapy (ldt) stems from observations that larvae of the blowfly lucilia sericata clean wounds of debris. subsequent clinical studies have proven debriding efficacy, which is likely to occur a ... | 2016 | 26179750 |
| experimental study of lucilia sericata (diptera calliphoridae) larval development on rat cadavers: effects of climate and chemical contamination. | household products such as bleach, gasoline or hydrochloric acid have been used to mask the presence of a cadaver or to prevent the colonization of insects. these types of chemicals affect insect development and alter the forensic entomology analysis. this study was designed to test the effects of six household products (bleach, mosquito repellent, perfume, caustic soda, insecticide and unleaded gasoline) on blowfly (lucilia sericata, diptera: calliphoridae) larval development. furthermore, the ... | 2015 | 26123620 |
| do necrophagous blowflies (diptera: calliphoridae) lay their eggs in wounds?: experimental data and implications for forensic entomology. | this study was designed to examine the common belief that necrophagous blowflies lay their eggs in wounds. the egg-laying behaviour of lucilia sericata was observed under controlled conditions on wet, artificially wounded or short-haired areas of rat cadavers. flies laid significantly more eggs on the wet area and the area with short hair than on the dry area or area with long hair. no eggs were observed inside the wounds in any of the replicates. the effect of egg immersion (body fluids often e ... | 2015 | 26093126 |
| maggots as potential vector for pathogen transmission and consequences for infection control in waste management. | debridement therapy with sterile bred larvae in non-healing wounds is a widely accepted safe and efficient treatment modality. however, during application in the contaminated wound bed microbial contamination with potential microbial pathogen spread after escape from the wound or after unreliable disposal procedure may happen, particularly in the case of not using bio-bags. the aims of this work were first to investigate the release of ingested bacteria into the environment by maggots and second ... | 2015 | 26029492 |
| repeated myiasis in a female vulvar squamous cell carcinoma caused by lucilia sericata and sarcophaga crassipalpis. | | 2015 | 25959933 |
| maggot excretion products from the blowfly lucilia sericata contain contact phase/intrinsic pathway-like proteases with procoagulant functions. | for centuries, maggots have been used for the treatment of wounds by a variety of ancient cultures, as part of their traditional medicine. with increasing appearance of antimicrobial resistance and in association with diabetic ulcers, maggot therapy was revisited in the 1980s. three mechanisms by which sterile maggots of the green bottle fly lucilia sericata may improve healing of chronic wounds have been proposed: biosurgical debridement, disinfecting properties, and stimulation of the wound he ... | 2015 | 25948398 |
| massive myiasis in an advanced metastatic neck tumor. | only a small number of cases of myiasis have been previously reported in patients with a head and neck malignancy; most of these occurred in patients with primary or metastatic skin cancer. we report a case of massive lucilia sericata myiasis in the neck of a 57-year-old man with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx that metastasized to the neck lymph nodes. the neck disease manifested as necrosis and skin involvement. clinical examination revealed an extensive wound wit ... | 2017 | 25923281 |
| the effect of salivary gland extract of lucilia sericata maggots on human dermal fibroblast proliferation within collagen/hyaluronan membrane in vitro: transmission electron microscopy study. | lucilia sericata maggots are applied to chronic wounds to aid healing when conventional treatments have failed. after their application into a necrotic wound, they potentially influence wound healing with a combination of specific proteinases that are involved in the remodeling of extracellular matrix. these proteases cause changes in fibroblast adhesion and spread upon extracellular matrix protein surfaces, affecting integrity of the protein surfaces-especially fibronectin-while maintaining cel ... | 2015 | 25882660 |
| detection and partial characterization of antifungal bioactivity from the secretions of the medicinal maggot, lucilia sericata. | the antibacterial properties of the excretions/secretions (es) of the medicinal maggot, lucilia sericata have long been known and the effectiveness of maggot debridement therapy in relation to the clearance of bacteria from the surface of wounds has been the source of much research over recent years. less well known, however, are the antifungal properties of l. sericata es. here, we show by means of the colony forming unit assay and optical density assays, that l. sericata native es possess sign ... | 2015 | 25847128 |
| two different myiasis cases in southeast of turkey: ophthalmomyiasis and cutaneous myiasis. | myiasis has become increasingly prevalent, particularly when human activity is carried out in environments with poor hygiene. we reported two cases of human myiasis in this paper. all of myiasis cases initially presenting to the emergency department of kilis state hospital in turkey were identified. we present one case of ophthalmomyiasis caused by oestrus ovis and one case of cutaneous myiasis caused by lucilia sericata. both of the myiasis cases were reported from rural area case limiting the ... | 2015 | 25843573 |
| first report of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by lucilia sericata meigen in a healthy patient without predisposing risk factors. | a 72-year-old man with no medical history initially presented to the emergency room with severe tearing, redness, foreign body sensation, and pain in the left eye. he reported no previous history of any periocular trauma, malignancy, surgery, or systemic illness. on presentation, the patient only showed left periorbital edema and erythema in the left eyelid with no evidence of any skin malignancy. on slit lamp examination, multiple small whitish motile organisms were observed on the left conjunc ... | 2015 | 25794816 |
| development modeling of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae). | the relationship between insect development and temperature has been well established and has a wide range of uses, including the use of blow flies for postmortem (pmi) interval estimations in death investigations. to use insects in estimating pmi, we must be able to determine the insect age at the time of discovery and backtrack to time of oviposition. unfortunately, existing development models of forensically important insects are only linear approximations and do not take into account the cur ... | 2015 | 25780761 |
| temperature-dependent lipid metabolism in the blow fly lucilia sericata. | an understanding of how arthropods use energy is fundamental to explaining their diverse life histories and adaptation to specific environments. it is also of importance when attempting to predict the impacts of environmental change on patterns of development and phenology. here, lipid use by the economically important agent of ovine myiasis, lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae), was quantified at a range of temperatures. during pupation, at temperatures above the minimum temperature requir ... | 2015 | 25753336 |
| stage selection and restricted oviposition period improves cryopreservation of dipteran embryos. | embryos of two dipteran species (musca domestica and lucilia sericata) were assessed for an effective sampling time that would result in the highest post-cryopreservation hatch rate, with a primary goal to define species-specific egg collection periods and the effects of manual stage selection on post cryopreservation yield. the effects of the time taken to collect eggs on, (a) the proportion of embryos reaching a specific developmental stage between 17 and 20 h of development, and (b) the post- ... | 2015 | 25625573 |
| [cellular immune system of surgical maggots lucilia sericata (diptera, calliphoridae)]. | in the hemolymph of surgical maggots lucilia sericata seven types of hemocytes were revealed. these are prohemocytes, stable and unstable hyaline cells, thrombocytoids, spindle cells, larval plasmatocytes and plasmatocytes i-iv, which represent sequential stages of one cell line differentiation. in contrast to calliphora hyaline cells, this type of hemocytes in cropemptying larvae of lucilia is elongated or vermiform in shape. hyaline cells may be transformed to both prothrombocytoids and unstab ... | 2014 | 25509154 |
| antibacterial properties of lucifensin in lucilia sericata maggots after septic injury. | to investigate the antibacterial properties of lucifensin in maggots of lucilia sericata after septic injury. | 2014 | 25182719 |
| gene expression profiling of lucilia sericata larvae extraction/secretion-treated skin wounds. | the larvae of lucilia sericata have been successfully used as medicinal maggots in the healing of wounds. the excretion/secretion (es) products of the larvae have been shown to efficiently debride wounds and help the healing process. the mechanisms underlying es-induced wound healing are not yet completely understood. one of the intriguing questions is the role of ess in modulating gene expression at the transcriptional level in the skin wound environment during the healing process. to address t ... | 2014 | 25153915 |
| is aggregated oviposition by the blow flies lucilia sericata and phormia regina (diptera: calliphoridae) really pheromone-mediated? | when female blow flies lucilia sericata and phormia regina (diptera: calliphoridae) oviposit in aggregations on carrion, even-aged larval offspring reportedly develop faster, and fewer are parasitized or preyed upon. the benefits of aggregated oviposition equally affect con- and heterospecific larvae sharing a resource. the benefits imply that female blow flies engage in coordinated, pheromone-mediated oviposition behavior. yet, repeated attempts to identify oviposition pheromones have failed in ... | 2015 | 25099558 |
| a memory-efficient algorithm to obtain splicing graphs and de novo expression estimates from de bruijn graphs of rna-seq data. | the recent advance of high-throughput sequencing makes it feasible to study entire transcriptomes through the application of de novo sequence assembly algorithms. while a popular strategy is to first construct an intermediate de bruijn graph structure to represent the transcriptome, an additional step is needed to construct predicted transcripts from the graph. | 2014 | 25082000 |
| facial myiasis and canthariasis associated with systemic lupus panniculitis: a case report. | infestation of insects can cause myiasis due to dipetran larvae and canthariasis due to coleopteran larval or adult stages. | 2014 | 25070701 |
| in vitro effects of household products on calliphoridae larvae development: implication for forensic entomology. | several parameters can delay the first arrival of flies on a corpse and the subsequent development of the larvae. this study focuses on the development of lucilia sericata (diptera: calliphoridae) (meigen, 1826) on household chemical-contaminated substrates. bleach, perfume, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, insecticide, mosquito repellent, and gasoline in quantities consistent with an amount that could possibly be spilled on a corpse were mixed with beef liver to simulate contaminated fleshes. l ... | 2015 | 25066081 |
| [effect of diets with different fat levels on the body size and development of lucilia sericata]. | to observe the effect of diets with different fat levels on the body size and development of lucilia sericata. | 2014 | 25065214 |
| the immunobiology of myiasis infections--whatever happened to vaccination? | the current state of myiasis vaccine technologies are reviewed mainly in the primary research genera of lucilia and hypoderma. the importance of myiasis flies as primary causes of morbidity and mortality in agricultural species and man has not diminished despite the existence of good control strategies. however, the development of vaccines against myiasis infections has been relatively quiescent for more than 10 years despite the rapid development of genomic and proteomic analysis and of skills ... | 2014 | 25040047 |