| [dynamic changes in specific antibodies in sera of mongolian jirds infected with brugia malayi during the first year infection]. | | 1988 | 3180360 |
| reduction of hepatic and renal nonprotein sulfhydryl content and increased toxicity of rubratoxin b in the syrian hamster and mongolian gerbil. | studies were undertaken to determine if the toxicity and pathology of rubratoxin b, a nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin, could be altered by increasing or decreasing the tissue concentrations of nonprotein sulfhydryls in the liver and kidneys. rubratoxin b dissolved in dmso was administered ip to weanling male syrian hamsters and mongolian gerbils at doses of 0.4 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg, respectively. rubratoxin b caused a 70% decrease in hepatic and a 60% decrease in renal cortical nonprotein s ... | 1988 | 3188028 |
| long-term and short-term effects of dietary cholesterol and fats in the mongolian gerbil. | in long-term and short-term experiments with mongolian gerbils the effects of various dietary fats and different amounts of cholesterol on progeniture and liver pathology were studied. in contrast to palm kernel oil, with 8.75% (w/w) of sunflower seed oil we observed fewer litters and a decreased survival of the sucklings. on 0.2% of cholesterol we observed severe hypercholesterolemia and storage of cholesterol ester in the liver, ultimately leading to cirrhosis. on 0.05% for 6 months the gerbil ... | 1988 | 3195985 |
| contributions of the middle ear to the development of function in the cochlea. | the contribution of middle ear immaturities to the development of cochlear microphonic potential (cm) responses was studied throughout the ontogeny of auditory function in the mongolian gerbil. cm produced by direct mechanical stimulation of the stapes was compared with cm generated by acoustic stimulation of the intact ear at various postnatal ages. the results indicated that during development acoustically generated cm reflects middle ear as well as inner ear maturational factors. with direct ... | 1988 | 3198506 |
| acquisition process and effects of psychoactive drugs on discrete shuttle avoidance response in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | the acquisition process of the discrete shuttle avoidance response and effects of psychoactive drugs on the established avoidance response were examined in mongolian gerbils. the gerbils acquired the avoidance response very fast and attained an avoidance rate of higher than 90% until the 2nd training session. the established response rate (frequency of shuttles) was about 2.2/min. methamphetamine, cocaine, scopolamine, atropine and morphine facilitated the avoidance response, eliciting an increa ... | 1988 | 3221530 |
| craniopharyngioma in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus): a case report. | a case of spontaneously occurring infiltrative craniopharyngioma in a laboratory-reared gerbil is reported. the histopathological and ultrastructural features are described. | 1988 | 3230873 |
| effects of aggressive encounters on pineal melatonin formation in male gerbils (meriones unguiculatus, cricetidae). | pineal n-acetyl-transferase activity and radioimmunoassayable melatonin levels were determined in adult male gerbils subjected to aggressive encounters using the intruder-model. in the first experiment, a single encounter of 3 min was applied in the afternoon to intact and to animals with sympathetically denervated pineal organs. compared with controls, both stressed groups demonstrated a drastic decrease in n-acetyl-transferase activity followed by a slow recovery. in both groups there also occ ... | 1988 | 3236263 |
| magnetic field effects on pineal n-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin content in the gerbil--role of pigmentation and sex. | the ambient geomagnetic field influences a variety of biological phenomena. electrical and biochemical parameters of the rodent pineal gland are influenced by the alteration of weak magnetic fields (mf), the magnetic receptor probably residing in the retina. however, open questions concern the role of retinal pigmentation as well as species- and sex-specific differences in mf perception. we therefore exposed male and female naturally pigmented and albino mongolian gerbils, as well as sprague-daw ... | 1988 | 3237820 |
| determinants of survival after forebrain ischemia in mongolian gerbils. | mongolian gerbils were exposed to 15 min of cerebral ischemia. quantitative histology was used to establish neuronal damage in the ca1, ca2/3, and ca3 sectors of the hippocampus 2 weeks after the insult. seven moribund animals were sacrificed earlier to examine whether there is a correlation between hippocampal damage and mortality. surviving animals had a 86.6% loss of ca1 neurons. in the ca2/3 and ca3 sectors 62.7 and 72.6% of the neurons were preserved. moribund animals had a further dramatic ... | 1988 | 3241602 |
| immunocytochemical studies on parafollicular cells of various mammals. | using specific antisera, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp), somatostatin as well as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, secretory peptide i and calbindin (vitamin d-dependent calcium-binding protein) were looked for in parafollicular cells of rats, syrian hamsters, mongolian gerbils, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and pigs. calcitonin and cgrp were most invariably present in various species. somatostatin was absent in mice and mongolian gerbils and present in variable amounts in ... | 1988 | 3259783 |
| [the gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) in auditory research]. | | 1988 | 3273558 |
| production of viable giardia cysts in vitro: determination by fluorogenic dye staining, excystation, and animal infectivity in the mouse and mongolian gerbil. | the purpose of this research was to document the formation of viable giardia cysts in vitro. viability staining, using fluorogenic dyes that required metabolic conversion for detection, and immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level provided information on viability and for the identification of formed in vitro. analysis of cysts formed in vivo and in vitro showed similar morphologic appearances by both light and electron microscopy. cysts formed in vitro were capable of establishing inf ... | 1988 | 3286359 |
| body temperature and grooming in the mongolian gerbil. | the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus, like many other rodents, releases a complex mixture of pigments and lipids from the harderian gland during a self-groom. the material exits from the external nares of the nose, is mixed with saliva, and spread widely over the pelage. cold temperatures, especially, are effective in initiating grooming. a self-groom is associated with an increase in body temperature (compensatory thermogenesis in the cold). in addition to acting as a chemosignal, the ha ... | 1988 | 3291667 |
| [effect of prostacyclin pgi2 and indomethacin on ischemic damage of sector ca1 of ammon's horn in the mongolian gerbil]. | | 1987 | 3309724 |
| presence of giardia spp. and absence of salmonella spp. in new jersey muskrats (ondatra zibethicus). | of 220 muskrat fecal specimens collected from 12 sites in southwestern new jersey, 154 (70%) were found to contain cysts of the protozoan parasite giardia spp. cysts from selected muskrat fecal specimens infected mongolian gerbils, but attempts to cultivate trophozoites removed from these gerbils were unsuccessful. salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the muskrat fecal specimens. | 1987 | 3310886 |
| development of brugia malayi in mongolian gerbils previously exposed to wuchereria bancrofti. | twelve mongolian gerbils, meriones unguiculatus, were infected with 100 third-stage larvae of wuchereria bancrofti. one month later these animals, along with 4 control animals, were given 100 third-stage larvae of brugia malayi. eleven of the 12 experimental animals and the 4 controls survived, and 8 of the experimental animals and all of the controls demonstrated microfilaremia after 3 months. the animals were killed at 6-months post-infection and examined for parasites. one w. bancrofti larva ... | 1987 | 3313736 |
| cytochemical investigation of plasma membrane bound enzymes in the cerebellar cortex of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | | 1987 | 3324532 |
| effects of unilateral cerebral ischemia on the hippocampal theta depth profile in the ether-anesthetized mongolian gerbil. | in gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) unilateral cerebral ischemia of 5 to 15 min resulted in selective destruction of the ipsilateral hippocampal ca1 stratum pyramidale. it also produced an obvious amplitude reduction in both superficial and deep theta rhythms recorded from damaged hippocampal formation. the presence of normal theta in the left normoxic hemisphere showed that the septohippocampal projections, integrity of which is essential for theta appearance, were spared by ischemia. these data ... | 1988 | 3335242 |
| biochemical and autoradiographic study of cerebral protein synthesis with [18f]-and [14c]fluorophenylalanine. | fluorine-18-labeled ortho or para isomers of l-fluorophenylalanine were used in double-label experiments together with l-[3h]phenylalanine for amino acid incorporation into cerebral proteins of mongolian gerbil brain. it was demonstrated by qualitative regional comparison of the 18f and 3h autoradiographic images that l-p-[18f]fluorophenylalanine is incorporated into proteins and exhibits a regional cerebral protein synthesis pattern. to a minor extent, l-p-fluorophenyl[3-14c]alanine and l-o-[18 ... | 1988 | 3339368 |
| morphology of the endolymphatic duct and sac in the mongolian gerbil. | a light microscopical study of the endolymphatic duct and sac of the mongolian gerbil is presented. this animal model was studied because of its tendency to develop a condition of body fluid imbalance which may represent a hazard to the inner ear fluid environment. particular stress is laid on the combination of the lack of an extraosseous endolymphatic sac and the presence of elastic tissue in the subepithelial space of the sac. these findings highlight the role of this structure for the regula ... | 1988 | 3341159 |
| propentofylline (hwa 285) protects hippocampal neurons of mongolian gerbils against ischemic damage in the presence of an adenosine antagonist. | the effect of the xanthine derivatives theophylline and propentofylline (hwa 285) on postischemic selective nerve cell damage was studied in the hippocampus of the mongolian gerbil and assessed by measuring the decrease of nissl staining in the ca1 area. theophylline administered 15 min prior to a 2-min period of bilateral carotid occlusion led within 4 days to a marked damage of ca1 neurons which was not seen in untreated animals. prolongation of the ischemic period to 5 min led to the same deg ... | 1988 | 3352957 |
| comparison of calbindin d-28k immunoreactivity in superficial pineal bodies of mongolian gerbil and rat. | immunocytochemical reaction for demonstration of calbindin d-28k has been performed in superficial pineal bodies of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) and the rat. whereas in the mongolian gerbil there were no clearly expressed calbindin immunoreactive cells, these were numerous in the rat pineal body. here the calbindin-positive cells - probably pinealocytes - were disposed along capillaries. in view of the role of calbindin in binding and transporting calcium and regulating its intra ... | 1988 | 3354851 |
| dietary pyridoxine loadings affect incidence of "spontaneous" seizures among magnesium-deprived mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | the "spontaneous" tetanic attacks in magnesium (mg) deficiency resemble those occurring in pyridoxine (pyr) deficiency. a common mechanism may underlie both seizure patterns. nine groups (n = 10) of male mongolian gerbils that were mg-deprived, pyr-deprived, or both were used to explore this possibility. the animals were tested for spontaneous seizing in an open field at four-day intervals over 40 days. by the end of the period, 70% of the gerbils that were both mg- and pyr-deprived had seized, ... | 1988 | 3362654 |
| mate recognition by urine odors in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | we examined the responses of male and female gerbils housed in opposite- or same-sex pairs to the urine odors from their cage-mate and those of an unfamiliar gerbil of the same sex. gerbils housed in mated pairs spent more time investigating the odor of their partner. they also emitted more modulated ultrasonic vocalizations in the presence of their partner's odor than in the presence of the unfamiliar odor. gerbils housed in same-sex pairs did not respond differentially to the odor of their cag ... | 1988 | 3365186 |
| meriones unguiculatus as an experimental host for taenia saginata metacestodes. | | 1988 | 3366531 |
| tubular lysosomes in rat and gerbil pinealocytes. | ultracytochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase (acpase) in pinealocytes of rat and mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) has revealed an existence of tubular lysosomes (30-200 nm in diameter and more than 5 micron long) in their cytoplasm. the tubular lysosomes arise by bulging from gerl cisternae (golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes) and spread throughout the whole cell body without forming an anastomosing network. numerous varicosities are characteristic for the tubular l ... | 1988 | 3366633 |
| experimental nasal dermatitis in the mongolian gerbil: effect of bilateral harderian gland adenectomy on development of facial lesions. | two groups of adult mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) of mixed ages and sex were used to study the effect of bilateral harderian gland adenectomy on development of nasal dermatitis. one group of gerbils underwent bilateral harderian gland adenectomies, while the other group underwent sham surgeries, leaving the harderian gland intact. all animals in both groups were fitted with elizabethian collars to prevent self-grooming, allowing a buildup of nasolacrimal or harderian gland secretions ... | 1988 | 3367626 |
| the pineal gland of the mongolian gerbil: nocturnal increase of electrical activity. | extracellular single unit recordings were made during day- and nighttime from spontaneously active pineal gland cells in male mongolian gerbils. units exhibited an irregular firing pattern. discharge frequencies ranged from 0.1 to 8.5 hz and showed distinct time-dependent differences. during daytime, mean firing frequencies were in the range of 1 hz and increased to 2 hz in the early dark period, reaching a peak (ca. 5 hz) in the middle of the night, followed by a decrease to 2 hz in late night. ... | 1988 | 3368119 |
| the distribution of radioiodine-labeled n-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine in permanently ischemic brain of the mongolian gerbil. | in a study of the distribution of n-isopropyl-p-131i-iodoamphetamine (imp) in the permanently ischemic brain of 35 mongolian gerbils, the right common carotid artery was ligated under ether anesthesia. after given time intervals, 1.35 mbq (50 microci) of imp was injected into 17 gerbils which had severe neurological symptoms, and into 3 normal gerbils for controls. one minute there after each gerbil was sacrificed and brain autoradiography was performed. the activity of imp in various parts of t ... | 1988 | 3368336 |
| basic studies on the laboratory assessment of macrofilaricides using brugia malayi in the jird, meriones unguiculatus. 1. longevity and periodicity of microfilaremia. | the longevity and periodicity of microfilaremia were examined in the jird infected with brugia malayi to be used for assessing the filaricides. jirds 4 to 6 weeks old were inoculated subcutaneously with 100 to 200 infective larvae of b. malayi. microfilariae were present in 75 out of 94 jirds observed over 3 years and high microfilaremia, with 10 mf/microliters or higher, developed in 43 out of 75 jirds. such a high level of microfilaremia was necessary for narrowing the variation of microfilari ... | 1988 | 3379798 |
| basic studies on the laboratory assessment of macrofilaricides using brugia malayi in the jird, meriones unguiculatus. 2. establishment and evaluation of a new method of macrofilaricide assessment. | jird infected subcutaneously with infective stage larvae (l3) of brugia malayi were evaluated as an animal model for assessing macrofilaricides using a method of observing the change in microfilaria (mf) density but not by recovering adult worms. the animals were treated with a test compound followed by diethylcarbamazine (dec) at 50 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days for clearing the existing mf from the blood stream. a continuous decrease in mf density was observed when jirds were treated with flube ... | 1988 | 3379799 |
| scanning electron microscopic study on the lingual papillae in the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus. | | 1988 | 3380515 |
| characterization of a monoclonal antibody against infective larvae of brugia malayi. | monoclonal antibodies were produced following immunization of mice with live infective larvae of brugia malayi. one of these, 46.08.76, is an antibody that promotes adherence of mouse peritoneal macrophages and human peripheral blood leucocytes to the infective larvae of b. malayi and wuchereria bancrofti, respectively, and kills them. fresh normal serum, as a source of complement, augments this effect. the same monoclonal antibody conferred 89% protection to jirds (meriones unguiculatus) agains ... | 1988 | 3384450 |
| variable infectivity of human-derived giardia lamblia cysts for mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | to determine whether gerbils can be used as a suitable animal model for giardiasis, we attempted to infect mongolian gerbils with cysts of giardia lamblia isolated from the stools of 10 humans with symptomatic and asymptomatic giardiasis. we obtained 100% infection with one isolate (cdc:0284:1), as evidenced by the presence of numerous trophozoites in the intestines of the gerbil and cysts in the feces. cysts from four patients were not infective, while cysts from the other five patients produce ... | 1988 | 3384909 |
| the surface morphology of the endolymphatic sac of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) (a scanning electron microscopic study). | a scanning electron microscopic study of the endolymphatic sac of the mongolian gerbil is presented. as described in other animal species and in man, three rather distinct regions on the epithelial surface can also be recognized in this rodent. light and dark cells are seen to line the sac epithelium throughout. at the level of the intermediate portion, however, a different cell type--the granular cell--is present, with its luminal surface covered by large amounts of solid material. on the basis ... | 1988 | 3385320 |
| an attempt to produce ostertagia circumcincta infections in mongolian gerbils. | adult infections of ostertagia circumcincta were successfully established in gerbils, although worm growth was retarded compared with infections in sheep. chronic administration of beta-methasone to the host enhanced development of the parasite reproductive system but did not increase infection rate or prevent worm rejection. infection rates achieved with single infections were not increased by using daily or weekly trickle infection regimes with or without prior exsheathment of larvae. examinat ... | 1988 | 3388738 |
| cecal and fecal bacterial flora of the mongolian gerbil and the chinchilla. | the mongolian gerbil is being increasingly used as a laboratory animal and as a pet. both chinchillas and gerbils are used as animal models for otitis media and other otic research. previously, only incomplete information was available regarding the indigenous bacterial flora of the lower intestinal tracts of these coprophagic animals. using the strict anaerobic methodology of the virginia polytechnic institute anaerobe laboratory, we studied the predominant bacterial flora of the cecum and feca ... | 1988 | 3389814 |
| comparative protective effects of nicardipine, flunarizine, lidoflazine and nimodipine against ischaemic injury in the hippocampus of the mongolian gerbil. | 1. morphological changes characterizing delayed neuronal death (dnd) of selectively vulnerable ca1 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of the mongolian gerbil brain occurred 72 h after transient (5 min) bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. 2. different groups of animals were treated 15 min before carotid artery occlusion and twice daily during the 72 h post-ischaemia period with either saline alone, nicardipine, flunarizine, lidoflazine or nimodipine at doses of 500 micrograms kg-1 ... | 1988 | 3390655 |
| sound localization and use of binaural cues by the gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | noise-localization thresholds and the ability to localize pure tones at 60 degrees separation were determined for gerbils. the gerbils were trained using a two-choice procedure with observing response in which the gerbils made a left or right response to sounds emanating from their left or right side in order to obtain food. the average 75% correct localization threshold of 7 gerbils for a 100-ms noise burst was 27 degrees with chance performance (p greater than .01) reached at 12 degrees. the a ... | 1988 | 3395452 |
| rodents' (rattus, mesocricetus, and meriones) use of learned caloric information in diet selection. | when given a choice between two mashes of equal caloric density but differing flavors, rats (rattus norvegicus) show a robust preference for the flavor previously associated with a higher calorie food. this finding suggests that rats may identify food quality by sensory cues such as taste. our initial attempt to show this effect in the golden syrian hamster (mesocricetus auratus) failed, apparently because of this species's tendency to store both high- and low-calorie mashes in their cheek pouch ... | 1988 | 3396314 |
| degenerative changes in lymphatic endothelium of jirds infected with brugia pahangi. | the quantitative changes of cytoplasmic vesicles and vacuoles in lymphatic endothelial cells of the mongolian jirds associated with brugia pahangi infections were observed by transmission electron microscopy. the present study revealed a decrease in the proportion of cytoplasm occupied by vesicles and in the number of cytoplasmic vesicles in endothelial cells from lymphatic vessels harboring b. pahangi at 3, 4, and 10 mo after infection (3.55, 3.36, and 2.55 vesicles/micron 2, respectively) when ... | 1988 | 3397836 |
| [the distribution of n-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine in experimental ischemic brains of the mongolian gerbil]. | | 1988 | 3399378 |
| [the effect of s-adenosyl-l-methionine sulfate tosylate (fo-1561) on survival time in various brain damage models]. | the effect of s-adenosyl-l-methionine sulfate tosylate (fo-1561) on survival time in various brain damage models (cerebral anoxia or ischemia) was studied. 1) in kcn-induced or normobaric anoxia of ddy mice, fo-1561 (30-100 mg/kg as amount of s-adenosyl-l-methionine) administered intravenously 15-30 min prior to the treatment showed significant increase of survival time dose-dependently. 2) in asphyxic anoxia of wistar rats, fo-1561 (100 mg/kg) administered intravenously 15 min prior to the trea ... | 1988 | 3401405 |
| development of tonotopic representation in the mongolian gerbil: a 2-deoxyglucose study. | the spatial representation of frequency in the central auditory system of the neonatal gerbil was mapped with the 2-deoxyglucose (2-dg) autoradiographic technique. at 14 days after birth (dab), pure tone stimulation produced recognizable patterns of 2-dg uptake. however, at this age, tone-induced areas of increased 2-dg uptake occurred at locations which in the adult respond to higher frequencies. the degree of shift in tonotopic representation was approximately two octaves. the normal adult ton ... | 1988 | 3401808 |
| effect of the calcium entry blocker nb-818 on cerebral blood flow after unilateral carotid occlusion in the mongolian gerbil. | the effect of nb-818 on regional cerebral cortical blood flow (rcbf) during normal and ischemic periods was studied in mongolian gerbils by means of hydrogen clearance methods, and that effect was compared with that of nimodipine. in normal animals, the rcbf increased dose-dependently, when nb-818 was tested. the increased rcbf showed a slow onset and long duration of action. when comparing the potency of increase in rcbf, the action of nb-818 (0.01-0.1 mg/kg i.p.) was more potent and longer las ... | 1988 | 3404454 |
| demonstration of a specific echinococcus multilocularis antigen in the supernatant of in vitro maintained protoscolices. | serodiagnosis of echinococcosis is still often met with difficulties resulting from unspecific reactions due to crude antigens which contain numerous host-derived proteins. in order to eliminate host protein contamination we produced echinococcus multilocularis antigen by methods of in vitro technique: evaginated protoscolices of echinococcus multilocularis isolated from experimentally infected mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were maintained in rpmi 1640 medium. although no serum prote ... | 1988 | 3407363 |
| a diffusion model of the transient response of the cochlear inner hair cell synapse. | one class of models of hair cell synaptic function that has been investigated in recent years consists of one or more reservoirs of synaptic material connected to other reservoirs and/or the synaptic cleft by means of diffusion paths. one such general model is considered here, comprising two reservoirs and a global source of synaptic material connected in series and releasing material into the synaptic cleft by a diffusion path characterized by an intensity-dependent permeability. the explicit f ... | 1988 | 3411018 |
| experimental infection and treatment of dentostomella translucida in the mongolian gerbil. | | 1988 | 3411930 |
| the fine structure of sublingual gland acinar cells of the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus, processed by rapid freezing followed by freeze-substitution fixation. | we compare the ultrastructure of the gerbil sublingual gland as seen after cryofixation followed by substitution with osmium tetroxide, with the more familiar appearance of material processed by glutaraldehyde-osmium chemical fixation. after primary cryofixation of fresh salivary glands, the nuclei of the mucous cells are found to be spherical in shape and, rather than being displaced toward the cell base, occupy a nearly central position in the cytoplasm, even in the storage phase of the secret ... | 1987 | 3427610 |
| rapid and fine adjustment of corticosteroidogenesis operating in the adrenal gland of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) superfused in-vitro. | corticosteroid release from adrenals of male adult mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) has been studied during continuous and discontinuous in-vitro superfusion. corticosteroid output from glands of untreated animals with plasma corticosteroid levels below 300 ng/ml was 3.3 +/- 0.3 ng/adrenal pair/min and decreased only slightly with the length of superfusion (60 min: 3.1 +2- 0.3 ng/adrenal pair/min). in-vitro secretion was significantly higher from adrenals of animals which had corticoste ... | 1987 | 3428359 |
| acoustic distortion from rodent ears: a comparison of responses from rats, guinea pigs and gerbils. | the oto-acoustic emissions generated in response to two-tone stimulation have been studied in the ear canal sound pressure of three species of rodent: rat (rattus norvegicus), guinea pig (cavia porcellus) and mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). the level of acoustic intermodulation distortion evoked by equal-level stimuli at different frequencies can be related to the threshold frequency response curves obtained by other workers for these species using evoked electrical responses or behavi ... | 1987 | 3429348 |
| microtubule-like structures in developing oocytes of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | oocytes of sexually mature mongolian gerbils, meriones unguiculatus, of all stages of the estrous cycle were investigated electron-microscopically during folliculogenesis. oocytes of advanced stages of development contained numerous microtubule-like structures, which ran through the cytoplasm without any preference in direction. initially they occurred in oocytes of secondary follicles. in the cross-section view they were either round showing an inner diameter of approximately 16 nm, or they wer ... | 1987 | 3434188 |
| round window membrane permeability. an in vitro model. | the round window membrane is regarded to be the main route for passage of potentially ototoxic substances from the middle ear cavity into the inner ear. this may be of clinical importance in acute otitis media and chronic otitis media, where sensorineural hearing impairment sometimes develops. the accuracy and reliability of an in vitro round window membrane permeability model was studied. the round window membrane of the mongolian gerbil was resected, together with its bony niche. the preparati ... | 1987 | 3434269 |
| lifespan environmental influences on species typical behavior of meriones unguiculatus. | | 1987 | 3435384 |
| the distribution of n-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine in temporary ischemic brain of the mongolian gerbil. | we studied the distribution of n-isopropyl-p-[131i]-iodoamphetamine (imp) in the ischemic brain of 44 mongolian gerbils. the right common carotid artery was temporarily occluded by a clip and recirculated 3 h later. after given time intervals, 50 microci of imp was injected into 18 gerbils which had symptoms. one min after injection (or 10 min, 1 h, or 6 h after injection in other gerbils), each gerbil was killed and autoradiography was performed. imp activity in various parts of the brain was c ... | 1987 | 3436336 |
| the transmission of an avian filarioid cardiofilaria nilesi to the jird, meriones unguiculatus. | this paper reports the experimental transmission of a bird parasite into jirds. infective larvae of cardiofilaria nilesi obtained from laboratory colonized coquillettidia crassipes mosquitoes which had fed on an infected chicken were inoculated subcutaneously into jirds. the number of larvae per jird varied from 10 to 228. microfilaraemia appeared 22 to 89 days after inoculation of the infective larvae. experiments were carried out with 24 jirds through six generations extending over a period of ... | 1987 | 3437114 |
| the granulomatous inflammatory response in jirds, meriones unguiculatus, to brugia pahangi: an ultrastructural and histochemical comparison of the reaction in the lymphatics and peritoneal cavity. | a granulomatous inflammatory response develops in jirds with lymphatic or intraperitoneal infections of brugia pahangi. light, histochemical, and ultrastructural microscopy were used for comparative studies of the reactions in these 2 locations. the reactions observed were categorized into 3 types: (1) an initial response in which lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils were present; (2) an intermediate one which consisted of macrophages, epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, ... | 1987 | 3437358 |
| fecundity and localization of dipetalonema viteae (nematoda, filarioidea) in the jird meriones unguiculatus. | in quantitatively infected meriones unguiculatus autopsied during prepatency, the embryonic development of fertilized eggs in the uteri of female dipetalonema viteae commenced 29-32 days p.i., and approximately 20 days later the first microfilariae were released. in host animals examined at the onset of patency 45-59 days p.i. the average adult recovery rate was 31%. the worms were localized in the subcutaneous tissue (65.3%), fasciae of muscles (26.9%) and body cavities (7.8%). female worms fro ... | 1987 | 3438295 |
| induction of protective immunity to babesia divergens in mongolian gerbils, meriones unguiculatus, using culture-derived immunogens. | immunogens derived from microaerophilous stationary phase (masp) cultures of babesia divergens grown in bovine erythrocytes were used to inoculate the laboratory host of b. divergens, the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus. animals inoculated subcutaneously twice with preparations of freeze-thawed merozoites in complete freund's adjuvant were fully protected against homologous challenge, as were gerbils immunised with a non-viable preparation of parasite-enriched lysed infected bovine eryth ... | 1987 | 3439004 |
| ultrastructure of the endolymphatic sac in the mongolian gerbil. | we describe our findings in an ultrastructural study of the endolymphatic sac of the mongolian gerbil. in conjunction with its specific renal physiology, enabling this animal to withstand long-term water deprivation, we have used our findings to hypothesize the existence of a local monitoring system within the endolymphatic space. the presence of elastic tissue in the subepithelial space of the endolymphatic sac could explain the mechanism through which this structure equilibrates endolymphatic ... | 1987 | 3439917 |
| studies on the pathogenesis of trichostrongylus colubriformis in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | sixty mongolian gerbils were infected with 1500 t. colubriformis larvae. during the experiment, the animals were weighed regularly and faeces were examined for parasite eggs. groups of 5 gerbils were necropsied at intervals throughout the experiment (60 days) and worm burdens, serum protein concentrations and packed cell volumes were ascertained. it was found that gerbils infected with t. colubriformis showed inappetence and loss in body weight. a modest hypoalbuminaemia also developed but there ... | 1987 | 3443689 |
| protective effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride on cerebral ischemia in animals. | effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride [(+/-)-2-[(inden-7-yloxy)methyl]morpholine hydrochloride, ym-08054] on cerebral ischemia were investigated in animals. indeloxazine prolonged the gasping duration dose-dependently in decapitated mice. bilateral occlusion of the carotid artery for 5 min shortened the latency of step-through in passive avoidance task 4 days following ischemia in mongolian gerbils. the i.p. administration of indeloxazine was started just after the surgical operation and repeate ... | 1987 | 3446040 |
| regional profile of polyamines in reversible cerebral ischemia of mongolian gerbils. | reversible cerebral ischemia was produced in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) by occluding both common carotid arteries. after 5 min ischemia brains were recirculated for 8, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h. an additional 6 animals were subjected to 10 min ischemia and 24 h recirculation. sham-operated animals served as controls. at the end of the experiments, brains were frozen in situ and cut in a cryostat. coronal sections, 10 micron thick, were taken for histological staining. in addition, tissu ... | 1987 | 3447075 |
| cryopreservation of infective-stage larvae of brugia malayi. | third-stage larvae of brugia malayi (guizhou, china strain), in rpmi-1640, 6% dmso and 15% calf serum, frozen slowly in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen prior to emersion in liquid nitrogen, remained viable for as long as as 321 days and were infective to mongolian jirds. all dmso should be removed from the freezing medium to restore larval activity after freezing. | 1987 | 3448776 |
| hydroxylation of fatty acids and alcohols by hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 system from the mongolian gerbil. | the liver microsomes of the mongolian gerbil meriones unguiculatus catalyzed the hydroxylation of various saturated fatty acids (c8-c18), alcohols (c12 and c16) and hydrocarbon (c12) to the corresponding omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxy derivatives. lauric acid was hydroxylated most effectively among saturated fatty acids and the order of activity as hydroxylation substrates was c12 greater than c14 greater than c13 greater than c16 greater than c10 greater than c18 greater than c8. the specific act ... | 1987 | 3451012 |
| spontaneous astrocytoma in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | | 1987 | 3451086 |
| round window membrane permeability. an in vitro model. | the round window membrane is regarded to be the main route for passage of potentially ototoxic substances from the middle ear cavity into the inner ear. this is of clinical importance in acute otitis media and chronic otitis media, where sensorineural hearing impairments sometimes develop. the accuracy and reliability of an in vitro round window membrane permeability model was studied. the round window membrane of the mongolian gerbil was resected, together with its bone niche. the preparation w ... | 1987 | 3481164 |
| husbandry and medicine of small rodents. | biology, physiology, husbandry, and commonly occurring diseases of small rodent pets, including the syrian hamster, mongolian gerbil, rat, and mouse, are presented. | 1987 | 3499021 |
| excystation and culturing of human and animal giardia spp. by using gerbils and tyi-s-33 medium. | mongolian gerbils were used as an animal model to excyst and host giardia spp. isolated from meadow voles, dogs, beavers, and humans. both cysts and trophozoites were used to establish infections. gerbils were infected with giardia duodenalis from beaver, dog, and human sources, and the trophozoites were extracted and cultured in diamond tyi-s-33 medium. the use of gentamicin and ampicillin in the medium, coupled with treatment of gerbils with gentamicin before they were sacrificed, permitted th ... | 1986 | 3516070 |
| the gerbil: a unique model for research on aging. | the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguicultatus) is suggested as a model for aging research because of its unique physiological attributes, ease of handling, and because of data previously collected. factors that demonstrate the gerbils' suitability in fulfulling practical and scientific considerations important in determining a model for aging research are listed. additionally, several unique physiological attributes of gerbils are described. based on these attributes and on review of research in ... | 1986 | 3519235 |
| in vitro radioisotopic labeling of the l-3 stage of brugia malayi. | ten radioisotopes (133ba, 207bi, 109cd, 51cr, 59fe, 203hg, 54mn, 125sb and 75se) were used to label the l-3 stage of brugia malayi. the in vitro uptake at 4 hours in a buffered salt solution was greatest for 207bi and exceeded that of 203hg, by a factor of 6 and the rest of the radionuclides by factors of 26 or more. dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) (1%) in the medium only slightly enhanced the uptake of 207bi but increased 203hg uptake by a factor of 2.5. after incubation in non-radioactive medium only ... | 1986 | 3524988 |
| detection of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus antibody in colonies of laboratory animals in japan. | indirect fluorescent antibody method was applied for a detection of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) antibody in colonies of laboratory animals in japan. the results showed that the antibody exist in spf mice (3/152, 2.2%) and conventional mice (30/539, 5.6%) with the titers ranging from 1:10 to 1:160. the antibody was also detected in 2.2% (2/89) of syrian hamsters, and 2.9% (2/68) of apodemus agrarius, 21.4% (3/14) of japanese harvest mice which have been maintained as laboratory colo ... | 1986 | 3525200 |
| comparison of dietary casein or soy protein effects on plasma lipids and hormone concentrations in the gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | the effects of dietary animal protein (casein) or soy protein (soy isolate) on plasma lipids and hormones were investigated in the gerbil. diets, fed to male gerbils (initial weight, 60 g) for 4 wk, contained either 18% casein or soy isolate as the protein source. the dietary fat sources were lard (16%) and safflower oil (1%). the cholesterol content of the diet was 0.1%. plasma total cholesterol concentrations were lower in gerbils fed the soy protein diet (159 mg/dl) than in the gerbils fed th ... | 1986 | 3528427 |
| quantitative and qualitative changes in production of excretions/secretions by litomosoides carinii during development in the jird (meriones unguiculatus). | excretions and secretions (e-s) were collected from a series of developmental stages of litomosoides carinii maintained in vitro. measurement of the protein content of e-s obtained from each stage indicates that the rate of production of e-s varies enormously during development of the worm. e-s was iodinated using both iodogen and the bolton and hunter reagent and was also biosynthetically labelled by incubating worms in the presence of [35s]methionine and [3h]leucine. attempts to biosynthetical ... | 1986 | 3537924 |
| purification and characterization of aldo-keto reductases from gerbil liver: immunochemical evidence for related proteins in other mammalian species. | we purified a hepatic aldehyde reductase (ar1) and two carbonyl reductases (cr1, cr2) from the mongolian gerbil, an animal recently shown to closely resemble man in its metabolism of a carbonyl containing organochlorine pesticide. the apparent molecular weights of ar1, cr1, and cr2 were 40,700, 33,000, and 34,700, respectively. typical of similar enzymes in other species, gerbil ar1 reduced aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and was inhibited by phenobarbital or valproate, whereas cr1 and cr2 cata ... | 1986 | 3541787 |
| dipetalonema viteae infection in three species of rodents: species specific patterns of the antibody response. | groups of jirds (meriones unguiculatus), multimammate rats (mastomys natalensis) and golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were infected with third stage larvae (l3) of dipetaloneam viteae and the course of infection was followed until 20 weeks post infection. worm growth was best and microfilaraemia was high and long lasting in jirds and in multimammate rats, whereas golden hamsters were poor hosts as measured by these parameters. the igg and igm antibody responses of the species were compared ... | 1987 | 3550602 |
| in vivo isolation and maintenance of some wild strains of european hard tick spirochetes in mammalian and arthropod hosts. a parasitologist's view. | methods and results of isolation and experimental maintenance of borrelia strains from indigenous ixodes ricinus ticks are described. out of 12 different proved rodent species and breeding variants the mongolian jird or gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) offers most perfectly all the necessary qualities to produce a transitory not progressive microscopically apparent spirochetemia when splenectomized previously. using a laboratory breed of ixodes ricinus the occurrence of transstadial and transovar ... | 1986 | 3554840 |
| corticosteroidogenesis in the isolated mongolian gerbil adrenal gland during continuous and discontinuous superfusion. | corticosteroid (c) release by adrenals of male mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) has been studied during continuous and discontinuous (flow stop) superfusion. flow stops of superfusion for 1, 5, 10 or 20 min resulted in a significant accumulation of c within adrenal tissue and superfusion flask. amounts of c in the first 2-min samples after re-start of superfusion were positively correlated with the amounts secreted during continuous superfusion (5 min: r = 0.97, 10 min: r = 0.97, 15 min ... | 1987 | 3561174 |
| mongolian gerbil tympanic membrane. normal and with induced otitis media. | otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane is the most effective noninvasive means of diagnosing and following the course of experimental otitis media in animal models of the disease in both short-term and in longitudinal studies. because of the difficulty of viewing the entire tympanic membrane of the gerbil model of otitis media without manipulation, we present methods of visualizing and color illustrations of the normal tympanic membrane of the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus. the ... | 1987 | 3566930 |
| the susceptibility of the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) and the of mouse strain to echinococcus multilocularis--ultrastructural aspects of the cysts. | | 1987 | 3570643 |
| environmental enrichment facilitates foraging behavior. | mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were tested at 24 months of age after having experienced an outdoor desert environment for one hour each month after weaning, or at 8 months of age after being reared from birth in outsize cages in the laboratory. both groups of enriched gerbils found food more rapidly than did 24-month-old handled controls, 8-month-old naive gerbils, or 8-month-old gerbils reared in small cages. there were no differences in locomotor activity, in latency to emerge from ... | 1987 | 3575466 |
| neonatal testosterone propionate treatment in the female gerbil: morphological and behavioral effects. | the present experiment examined the effects of a single neonatal injection of 1 mg or 100 micrograms of testosterone propionate (tp) on the sexual behavior and morphology of the female mongolian gerbil. four groups were created: vehicle-treated males (vm), 1-mg tp-treated females (htp), 100-micrograms tp-treated females (ltp), and vehicle-treated females (vf). in adulthood, tests of sexual behavior were carried out after gonadectomy and appropriate hormone replacement therapy. results indicated ... | 1987 | 3580123 |
| seizure activity and cortical spreading depression monitored by an extrinsic potential-sensitive molecular probe. | using surface fluorescence and reflectance measurements from the exposed cerebral cortex, several potential-sensitive molecular probes, primarily oxonol v, have been evaluated as indicators of electrical activity changes developing during seizure activity in the mongolian gerbil. intraventricular injection of bicuculline, picrotoxin, or kcl produced characteristic cyclic molecular probe fluorescence intensity decreases that could be abolished by the uncoupler cccp or the mitochondrial electron t ... | 1987 | 3580882 |
| conservation of adapting components in auditory-nerve responses. | the responses of single auditory-nerve fibers of mongolian gerbil were studied using tonal stimuli. the peristimulatory adaptation of firing rate in response to tone bursts presented in quiet and during a background stimulus is described quantitatively. the total transient response which can be produced to the onset of a tone burst, whether presented in quiet or as an intensity increment, is limited and appears to demonstrate a form of conservation. specifically, the total numbers of spikes prod ... | 1987 | 3584675 |
| [oxyurid infestation of small laboratory animals and its control with ivermectin]. | investigations on parasitic infestations in laboratory animal stocks under different keeping conditions were carried out by fecal sample examination. only barrier-kept mice and rats proved to be free of infections. under semi-open or conventionally keeping conditions mice were infected with aspiculuris tetraptera and syphacia obvelata (max. 94.7 + 69.7%), rats with a. tetraptera and s. muris (48.6 + 94.9%), and hamsters and mongolian jirds with s. obvelata (26.6 and 16%, respectively). ivermecti ... | 1987 | 3590171 |
| isolation of giardia from a llama and from sheep. | giardia cysts were detected in feces of a domestic llama (lama glama) and in feces of lambs (ovis aries) from wisconsin, u.s.a. all of the animals examined were immature, and they had recent histories of poor condition and passing unformed or semiformed, pale stools. giardia cysts from both host species were excysted in vitro, and the trophozoites were cultivated axenically. furthermore, giardia cysts from both sources were shown to produce infection in mongolian gerbils (meriones unquiculatus). ... | 1987 | 3607656 |
| benign testicular hyperplasia in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | at necropy, 20 out of 35 mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) with prolonged infertility at 12-30 weeks of age were found to have spontaneous hyperplasia in both seminiferous and epididymal tubules. this high incidence of hyperplasia in young gerbils is indication of possible congenital lesions and suggests the possibility of using these animals as a useful model for the further study of male infertility. | 1987 | 3609154 |
| development of the middle latency response in an animal model and its relation to the human response. | although the clinical use of the middle latency response (mlr) in adults is fairly straightforward, its use is complicated by maturational changes that continue throughout the first decade of life. in order to telescope the time period of this long developmental course, we have approached the study of mlr maturation using the gerbil as an animal model. the course of mlr obtained over the temporal lobe development was characterized in the mongolian gerbil ranging in age from 10 days to 3 months o ... | 1987 | 3610845 |
| wheat germ agglutinin binding sites in the organ of corti as revealed by lectin-gold labeling. | the distribution of wheat germ agglutinin(wga)-binding sites in the organ of corti of the guinea pig and mongolian gerbil was studied. wga was conjugated with gold particles and applied on thin sections of the cochlea embedded in spurr's resin and in lowicryl k4m. wga-binding sites were found on the plasma membrane, lysosomes and cytoskeletons of hair and supporting cells as well as on the tectorial and basilar membranes. no distinct difference was discovered between hair cells and supporting ce ... | 1987 | 3610852 |
| the pathogenesis of benzimidazole-resistant and benzimidazole-susceptible strains of trichostrongylus colubriformis in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | mongolian gerbils were infected with either a benzimidazole-susceptible or a benzimidazole-resistant strain of trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae. the comparative pathogenesis of both strains of t. colubriformis was investigated for 50 days post-infection. the gerbils infected with the drug-susceptible strain of the parasite showed lower survival rates, reduced body weights, higher parasite egg output and higher worm burdens than animals infected with the drug-resistant strain of parasite. th ... | 1987 | 3611713 |
| effect of minaprine on "delayed neuronal death" in mongolian gerbils with occluded common carotid arteries. | the effect of the psychotropic drug minaprine on brain ischemia induced by a 5-min bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries in the mongolian gerbil was studied. severe impairment of memory was apparent when the passive avoidance test was carried out 2 days after the bilaterally induced ischemia. when minaprine in a dose of 50 mg/kg was given p.o. 30 min before the 5-min occlusion, there was a significant improvement in the memory impairment. the amplitude of the hippocampal theta waves decrea ... | 1987 | 3612558 |
| species differences in polysaccharide and sugar taste preferences. | this study compared the polysaccharide and sugar taste preferences of humans and four rodent species (laboratory rats, rattus norvegicus; golden syrian hamsters, mesocricetus auratus; mongolian gerbils, meriones unguiculatus; egyptian spiny mice, acomys cahirinus). in experiment 1 human subjects rated the pleasantness, sweetness, and flavor intensity of polysaccharide (polycose), sucrose, and maltose solutions at concentrations of 0.0125 m to 0.4 m, and 1% to 32% concentrations. at the higher mo ... | 1987 | 3614791 |
| [efficiency of neopsylla abagaitui fleas as plague vectors in transbaikalia]. | experiments have shown that the block of proventriculus develops in 1.1 to 1.5% of individuals of the flea neopsylla abagaitui infected with plague microbe. these insects transmit the agent during bloodsucking to different plague carriers (citellus dauricus, c. undulatus, meriones unguiculatus, microtus gregalis). the plague microbe is preserved in fleas for 65 days (the observation period). | 1987 | 3614985 |
| the genetic animal model of reflex epilepsy in the mongolian gerbil: differential efficacy of new anticonvulsive drugs and prototype antiepileptics. | four new anticonvulsive drugs were compared to four prototype antiepileptics regarding their differential efficacy, i.e. against tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and minor seizures, in reflex epilepsy in genetically epileptic gerbils. we distinguished at least three types of drugs: phenytoin and ralitoline selectively prevented tonic-clonic seizures; the other drugs tested were active against all seizure types. however, carbamazepine and ahr-11748 were predominantly active against tonic-clonic seizures, ... | 1987 | 3659116 |
| scanning electron microscopic study of nocturnally subperiodic brugia malayi (filarioidea: onchocercidae), narathiwat, southern thailand. | scanning electron microscopic (sem) observations were made on the adult females and males of nocturnally subperiodic brugia malayi (narathiwat, southern thailand) from 8-month-old intra-peritoneally infected jirds (meriones unguiculatus). descriptions of the morphological surfaces of anterior end, vulva, body cuticle, anus, posterior end of females and anterior end, body cuticle, cloaca, caudal papillae, spicules, sheath, posterior end of males were demonstrated. the comparison among these and o ... | 1987 | 3660065 |
| intraventricular blood vessels associated with the deep pineal gland of the mongolian gerbil, meriones unguiculatus. | intraventricular blood vessels and choroidal-like cells were studied using scanning electron microscopy and correlative light microscopy. the intraventricular blood vessels were covered on their ependymal surface with a layer of cells essentially identical to the ependyma of the choroid plexus in the gerbil. similar choroidal-like cells were seen either singly or in clusters associated with the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting pinealocytes of the suprapineal recess. processes of the cerebrospinal ... | 1987 | 3664606 |
| visual pigments and retinoids in the mongolian jird. | the visual cells, visual pigments and major retinoids of the mongolian jird (meriones unguiculatus) were examined. light and electron microscope analyses show that these jirds had mainly rod photoreceptors. octylglucoside extracts prepared from their retinas contained only rhodopsin with a maximum absorption at 497 nm and a concentration of 0.51 nmol per retina. employing a standard method of high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), the pigment epithelium from each eye was found to possess ... | 1987 | 3669913 |
| metabolic, ionic and electrical activities during and after incomplete or complete cerebral ischaemia in the mongolian gerbil. | | 1987 | 3673726 |
| age-related susceptibility of the gerbil, meriones unguiculatus, to the bovine parasite, babesia divergens. | immature gerbils (4 weeks of age or less) proved to be more resistant to babesia divergens infections than did mature animals (greater than 8 weeks old). nutritional studies showed that a milk diet contributes little to this innate resistance. similarly, the apparent predilection of b. divergens for mature erythrocytes, and also in vitro serum incubation studies, suggested that blood factors do not contribute to any major degree. splenectomy of immature gerbils abolished their nonspecific resist ... | 1987 | 3678451 |
| compound action potential offset and onset tuning curves generated by simultaneous masking in the mongolian gerbil. effects of varying the intensity of the probe stimulus from 55 to 85 db spl. | action potential tuning curves (tcs) were produced by simultaneous masking of both the onset and offset of tone bursts. offset tcs are much more sharply tuned than onset tcs when both responses are generated by stimuli at spls of 55 to 75 db. the onset tc tip and the offset tc high frequency tip thresholds accurately reflect increases of the probe spl, but the low frequency tip and the peak of the offset tc compress this change. with increasing probe spl, the onset tc and low frequency tc tip (b ... | 1987 | 3680053 |