| [effect of naloxone in hypotension caused by acute blood loss in papio hamadryas baboons]. | naloxone or physiological solution were injected in different doses to 11 baboons (papio hamadryas) weighing 7-8 kg after bloodletting in a volume of 40% of the total amount of the blood. naloxone effectively raised (in all the doses) the arterial blood pressure which dropped after bloodletting. the action of naloxone injected in small doses was more pronounced and had unique time parameters. besides, the respiratory rate was also increased. injection of nalorphine in a dose of 1 mg/kg produced ... | 1983 | 6626736 |
| [plasma corticosteroid level in male hamadryas baboons in various seasons of the year]. | the levels of hydrocortisone, 11-deoxycortisole, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 20-dihydroprogesterone, pregnenolone and progesterone were measured in blood plasma of adult male hamadryas baboons within a year using radioimmunoassay. seasonal fluctuations characterized by the highest content of corticosteroids in spring-summer period and a considerable decrease of their concentration in autumn months have been revealed. | 2016 | 6647431 |
| the bp graded blood group system of the baboon: its relationship with macaque red cell antigens. | the first blood group system to be defined in baboons by means of isoimmune agglutinating reagents is composed of five graded types: b4, b3, b2, b1 and b, inherited, as postulated, by five allelic genes with decreasing dominance order. there are significant differences in distribution of the bp blood groups between hamadryas baboons on the one hand, and cynocephalus and anubis on the other, which may serve as auxiliary taxonomic criteria. antibodies of specificities related to the bp graded anti ... | 1983 | 6884908 |
| standard values of blood constituents in free-ranging hamadryas baboons in the forests of abkhazia. | | 1983 | 6613371 |
| [induction of chromosome aberrations and mitotic disorders in a bone marrow cell culture of papio hamadryas in exposure to cytochalasin b]. | a 24-48 hours' treatment with cytocholasin b (1 mg/ml) increases significantly the number of chromosomal aberrations and mitotic abnormalities in primary cultures of bone marrow of the baboon papio hamadrias. the addition of erythropoietin in concentration of 0.25 units per ml, either before or after the addition of cytochalasin, increases the number of chromosomal aberrations due to hormone stimulation of cell division. at this concentration, erythropoietin alone does not induce any chromosomal ... | 1982 | 7135481 |
| [macroscopic structure of the inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes of papio hamadryas baboons]. | the investigation has been performed in 58 corpses of practically healthy papio hamadryas beginning from birth up to 20 years of age. age changeability is manifested as an increasing size and number of the nodes in the group, as the connective tissue framework development (thickening of the capsule and increasing number of trabecules) as well as increasing complexity in the structure of the cortical and medullary substance, by the time of puberty they reach their optimal correlation. seasonal ch ... | 1981 | 7316808 |
| [changes in the morphological and cytogenetic indices of the hematopoietic system of papio hamadryas in chronic irradiation at low doses]. | | 2006 | 7313090 |
| [effect of the adrenocorticotropic hormone on peripheral blood levels of hydrocortisone, testosterone and their precursors in baboons]. | the time-course of changes in hydrocortisone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone levels in the peripheral blood of male sacred baboons was studied after exogenous acth injection by radioimmunoassay. it was shown that the hydrocortisone secretion character following acth injection correlates with the change of other adrenal steroids studied: 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone. maximum concentration growth ... | 2016 | 6270645 |
| [circadian rhythm of cortisol levels and its precursors in different phases of the menstrual cycle in baboons]. | radioimmunoassays were used to study in experiments on sacred baboons the circadian rhythms of dehydrocortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, progesterone, pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone in the folliculin and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. the circadian rhythms of dehydrocortisone and 11-deoxycortisol secretion were seen in both phases of the cycle. the maximum content of the plasma steroids were recorded in the morning while the minimum one in the evening and at night. the circadian rhythm ... | 2016 | 7291143 |
| [peculiarities of the adrenal cortex in response to repeated stress in papio hamadryas hamadryls during different phases of the sexual cycle]. | | 2013 | 7257668 |
| [changes in the hormone balance of the baboon papio hamadryas during chronic stress]. | | 2015 | 7020294 |
| [characteristics of the relationship between the circadian rhythm of the concentrations of corticosteroids and their precursors in the blood of baboon hamadryas and the initial functional state of the pituitary-adrenal cortex system]. | the occurrence of a single-phase circadian rhythm in the content of cortisole, 11-deoxycortisole, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, pregnenolone and progesterone in the blood plasma of hamadryas baboons was established by radioimmunoassay with peak levels early in the morning and minimum ones in the evening. the time course of changes in aldosterone levels in the intact animals significantly differs from that in the adapted ones. the maintenance of animals under other ecological co ... | 1981 | 7225562 |
| home range and daily march in a hamadryas baboon troop. | | 1981 | 7338334 |
| [hemorrhagic diathesis and hematopoiesis in papio hamadryas with hemoblastoses]. | | 1981 | 7336669 |
| genetic variants of properdin factor b (bf) in papio hamadryas baboons. | | 1981 | 6914999 |
| peripheral plasma levels of 12 steroids during pregnancy in the baboon (papio hamadryas). | | 1980 | 7194812 |
| [construction and cellular composition of the deep cervical lymph nodes of hamadryad baboons]. | the deep cervical lymph nodes in the papio hamadryas at the age of 1.5--2.5 years have a peculiar even distribution of the cortical and medullary substances, and in histological sections a comparatively small area is occupied by follicles (predominantly by those without light centers), myelin cords and some portal sinuses. every structure studied has its own set of cellular elements, but lymphocytes are the predominant cellular form in every structural component. plasmic cell content in the cort ... | 1980 | 7436763 |
| steroid-induced ultrastructural changes in the proximal convoluted tubule cells of baboon kidneys with special reference to peroxisomes. | an electron microscopic study was performed on kidneys of immature female baboons, papio hamadryas, that received a series of 10 consecutive weekly injections of the synthetic glucocorticoid, triamcinolone hexacetonide (4 mg/kg body wt). in the steroid-treated kidneys the most distinctive change found is a significant increase in the number and a marked change in the form of peroxisomes (microbodies) in proximal convoluted tubule cells. these cells also develop hypertrophic mitochondria and in s ... | 1980 | 7212287 |
| fine structure of the parathyroid glands in baboons, papio hamadryas in response to experimental hypercorticoidism. | female baboons maintained under laboratory conditions were subjected to a series of 10 weekly injections (4 mg/kg body weight) of the synthetic glucocorticoid, triamcinolone hexacetonide. in response to the treatment, serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (pth) levels were raised, though blood calcium levels remained within normal physiological limits. light and electron-microscopic studies were made on the parathyroid glands at the end of the experimental period. the baboon parathyroid gland ... | 1980 | 6770575 |
| [plasma androgen levels in papio hamadryas pavian hamadrils at different periods of postnatal development]. | using radioimmunological assay, it has been demonstrated that at the age of 0.5, 1 and 2 years sexual differences are absent in the concentration of testosteron, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosteron, dehydroepiandrosteron and delta 4-androstendion in the blood plasma. the level of testosteron in sexually immature animals does not differ from that in adult females. in sexually mature baboons, testosteron content was found to be more than 20 times higher. the activity of 5 alpha-reductase, checked by the ra ... | 2013 | 157660 |
| effect of stress on the profile of plasma steroids in baboons (papio hamadryas). | adult baboons (5 males and 5 females) were exposed to immobilization stress by being strapped to a table in a horizontal position for 2 h. in females the experiment was performed during both the follicular and luteal phase. peripheral blood was withdrawn at frequent intervals, the first sample just before immobilization, and the last one 3 days later. a number of steroids were measured in blood plasma samples by radioimmunoassay (17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, pregnenolone, test ... | 1979 | 105533 |
| [postcoital contraception in primates. i. action mechanism of a potential postovulatory fertility-inhibiting substance sts 456 in the baboon (papio hamadryas)]. | with the substance sts 456, an estrogenic active steroid, a high fertility inhibition could be obtained in the pavian, when administered p. o. over a 5 day period postcoital. the effectiveness and also the side effects were dose dependent. the antifertility mechanism is based on an luteolytic effect, demonstrated by analytical hormonal investigations. the inhibition of the synthesis of steroids in the ovary affected not only progesterone but also the estrogens. | 1978 | 654663 |
| inbreeding, lymphoma, genetics and morphology of the papio hamadryas colony of sukhumi. | | 1978 | 156794 |
| [chromosomes of 3 lymphoblastoid suspension cell lines obtained from baboons with malignant lymphoma]. | three suspension cell lines from bone marrow (bmph-1) and spleens (sph-2 and sph-3) of hamadryas baboons with haematosarcoma were presented by analogous lymphoid type cells of a high proliferative activity. the modal class of cells in all the three lines was presented by diploids and pseudodiploids, though there was a significant admixture of heterodiploid and subtriploid cells and cells having various types of marker chromosomes. the reconstructed chromosome 1 and satellite chromosomes dominate ... | 1977 | 407685 |
| [chromosome band topography of papio hamadryas]. | | 1976 | 827970 |
| urinary steroid excretion and conjugation by the baboon (papio hamadryas)--a comprehensive study. | | 1976 | 827659 |
| field observation of a birth in hamadryas baboons. | a birth in hamadryas baboons was observed during an 18-month field study in ethiopia. the behavior of the birth-giving female and the members of her harem unit are described. | 1976 | 821828 |
| antigenic characterization of c-type oncornavirus isolated from lymphomatous baboon (papio hamadryas). | antigens of biln c-type oncornavirus isolated from lymphomatous baboon were studied in the double immunodiffusion. the major viral protein (p-30) of this virus possesses interspecies antigenic determinants (gs-3). this protein also revealed close antigenic relation to the p-30 of rd-114 and m-7 c-type oncornaviruses. specific serum against biln p-30 has been produced. the comparison of the three test-system (p-30s of m-7, rd-114, and biln, and specific sera against them) did not allow to disting ... | 1976 | 60981 |
| [comparative characteristics of 2 c-type oncornaviruses isolated from hamadryas baboons with hemoblastosis]. | | 1975 | 173511 |
| [generic characteristics and specific characteristics of the ponto-geniculo-occipital spike activity (pgo) in 2 baboons, papio hamadryas and papio papio]. | | 1975 | 167907 |
| the establishment of continuous lymphoblastoid suspension cell cultures from hematopoietic organs of baboon (papio hamadryas) with malignant lymphoma. | two continuous suspension lymphoblastoid cell cultures designated as spg-1 and kmpg-1 have been established from the bone marrow and spleen cells of the hamadryas baboon no. 9386 with malignant lymphoma. virus particles morphologically characterized as herpes-like have been revealed in kmph-1 and spg-1 cultures in 2-10% of cells. the paper describes the establishment of these suspension cultures. | 1975 | 823042 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. xvi. secretion of corticosteroids in the baboon papio hamadryas during chronic administration of sodium chloride]. | the adrenal steroid secretion was investigated in male baboons (papio hamadryas) treated for a long time with sodium chloride, in comparison to an untreated control group. in animals treated with nacl, the secretion of progesterone, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 11-deoxycortisol, aldosterone and corticosterone was decreased, while cortisone, pregnenolone, 7-keto-cholesterol, 7-keto-dhea, dhea and adrenosterone were increased. | 1975 | 125195 |
| [differential staining of hamadryas baboon chromosomes with romanovsky-giemsa dye (g-discs)]. | the pattern of g-discs in the chromosomes of baboon (papio hamadryas) was studied after staining by means of asg method. on the basis of these data all the 20 pairs of autosomes and sex chromosomes were identified. according to the distinctness of the discs all the chromosomes were classified into 3 groups: well differentiated, faintly differentiated and moderately differentiated. the most distinct pattern of discs was obtained in slightly spiralized chromosomes. dimorphism of the disc pattern i ... | 1975 | 56287 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. xv. excretion of c19 and c21 steroids in the urine of baboons (papio hamadryas) after long-term treatment with a combination of mestranol-chlormadinone acetate]. | the urinary excretion of c21- and c19-steroids was investigated in female babons (papio hamadryas) treated with the ovulation inhibitor ovosiston (mestranol + chlormadinone-acetate), in comparison with an untreated control group urinary c21-steroid excretion was not significantly altered by ovosiston. 17-ketosteroids were decreased, predominantly 11-oxygenated compounds. | 1974 | 4143128 |
| [differential effects of p-chlorophenylalanine on sleep in primates, papio papio and papio hamadryas]. | | 1974 | 4135023 |
| establishment of continuous cell lines from leukocytes culture of a hamadryas baboon with leukosis-reticulosis. | | 1974 | 4373669 |
| cooperative tool use by captive hamadryas baboons. | a bonded pair of hamadryas baboons developed cooperative tool use without training. the male could get food with the tool but first had to get the tool from an adjoining cage which he could not enter. the female learned to give him the tool. cooperation was temporarily disrupted by the terminal phase of the female's estrous inflation. | 1973 | 17739727 |
| [similarities and differences in the sleep of 2 baboons, papio hamadryas and papio papio]. | | 1973 | 4124615 |
| [ecg in baboons (papio hamadryas)]. | | 1973 | 4200469 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. xiv. influence of long-term ovosiston therapy on the secretion of adrenal vein blood steroids in papio hamadryas]. | | 1972 | 4121482 |
| [changes in the skeleton of hamadryas baboons during prolonged administration of excess sodium chloride]. | | 1972 | 4624906 |
| [metabolism of steroids in the primates and isolation of testosterone, epitestosterone and androstendion from the urine of papio hamadryas]. | | 2016 | 4623490 |
| the breeding of hamadryas baboons at the sukhumi primate centre. | | 1972 | 4627308 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. xii. isolation of corticosterone, tetrahydro-corticosterone, tetrahydro-11-dehydro-corticosterone, 11-deoxy-cortisol and tetrahydro-11-deoxy-cortisol from the urine of macacus rhesus and papio hamadryas]. | | 1972 | 4624286 |
| rate of secretion of corticosteroids in hamadryas baboons under normal conditions and following lengthy administration of chlormadinone acetate and mestranol. | | 1972 | 4116113 |
| [electric activity of the cortex and deep structures of the brain in aroused hamadryas baboons]. | | 1971 | 4997570 |
| [steroid metabolism in primates. 8. corticosteroids in the adrenal venous blood of the baboon (papio hamadryas)]. | | 1969 | 5376365 |
| a study of haemolytic disease of the foetus and the newborn occurring in hamadryas baboons under natural conditions. | | 1969 | 4981657 |
| [roentgenological changes in the skeleton of sacred baboons after prolonged gamma-irradiation]. | | 1968 | 4984501 |
| [qualitative composition of adrenal cortex hormones in papio hamadryas and macacus rhesus and its change in repeated cortisone administration]. | | 2013 | 4962855 |
| [the karyotype of papio hamadryas]. | | 2015 | 14277064 |
| [histochemical observations on bone marrow cellular elements. iv. cytotopochemistry of bone marrow cellule in papio hamadryas]. | | 2006 | 13404142 |
| the arnold-chiari malformation in a sacred baboon (papio hamadryas). | | 1955 | 13295936 |
| expression of growth hormone in the baboon eye. | the human growth hormone (gh) locus is comprised by two gh (gh1 and gh2) genes and three chorionic somatomammotropin (csh1, csh2 and csh-l) genes. while gh1 is expressed in the pituitary gland, the rest are expressed in the placenta. however, gh1 is also expressed in several extrapituitary tissues, including the eye. so to understand the role of this hormone in the eye we used the baboon (papio hamadryas), that like humans has a multigenic gh locus; we set up to investigate the expression and re ... | 2018 | 29407222 |
| enzooty of non-hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of papio hamadryas in sukhumi monkey colony. clinical and morphological signs of pre-lymphoma. | inoculation of hamadryas baboons with blood of leukemia ill people-induced malignant non-hodgkin's lymphoma in experimental animals for a very considerable latency period. at close contact of inoculated baboons with healthy non-inoculated animals, the lymphoma spread between them. the epidemiological analysis, postmortem examination, histological analysis, tissue culturing, and pcr were used for the diagnostics of lymphoma and pre-lymphoma, purification, identification of stlv-1, and hvp viruses ... | 2018 | 29231971 |
| isolation and genetic characterization of encephalomyocarditis virus 1 from a deceased captive hamadryas baboon. | in 2007, numerous hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) died suddenly in an aviary of a primate institute in sochi, russia, in the absence of prior clinical signs. necropsies were suggestive of encephalomyocarditis virus infection, but rt-pcr assays with commonly used primers were negative. here we report the histopathological results obtained during necropsies and the isolation and genomic characterization of a divergent strain of encephalomyocarditis virus 1 (emcv-1) from heart tissue of one of ... | 2018 | 29113825 |
| blood meal identification in the cryptic species anopheles gambiae and anopheles coluzzii using maldi-tof ms. | matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has recently emerged in entomology as a technique to identify arthropods and their blood meal source. in this study, female anopheles gambiae were fed on five host blood sources: ocelot (leopardus pardalis), binturong (arctictis binturong), springbok (antidorcas marsupialis), jaguar (panthera onca) and hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas), while anopheles coluzzii were fed on three hosts: dromedary (camelus ... | 2018 | 30052501 |
| a pilot study for estimating the cardiopulmonary signals of diverse exotic animals using a digital camera. | monitoring the cardiopulmonary signal of animals is a challenge for veterinarians in conditions when contact with a conscious animal is inconvenient, difficult, damaging, distressing or dangerous to personnel or the animal subject. in this pilot study, we demonstrate a computer vision-based system and use examples of exotic, untamed species to demonstrate this means to extract the cardiopulmonary signal. subject animals included the following species: giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca), africa ... | 2019 | 31835550 |
| preparation for certain and uncertain future outcomes in young children and three species of monkey. | this study examined 3-year old children and monkeys' capacities to prepare for immediate future events. in study 1, children were presented with several tube apparatuses with two exits. when targets were certain to emerge from both, children tended to prepare to catch them by covering each exit. when it was uncertain where targets would emerge, however, they tended to prepare for only one possibility. these results substantiate the claim that simultaneous preparation for mutually exclusive possi ... | 2020 | 31372992 |
| use of social network models to understand play partner choice strategies in three primate species. | although play is seen in many species, its evolutionary function is still largely unknown. several relevant, proposed hypotheses (such as the training for the unexpected, self-assessment, social skills, and dominance hierarchy hypotheses) make predictions about how animals should optimally choose their play partners based on their familiarity or other demographic variables. we used a social network approach to analyze focal sample data on brown capuchins (cebus apella), hamadryas baboons (papio ... | 2019 | 30600419 |
| [markers of hepatitis a in the monkeys of the adlers primate center.] | hepatitis a is a widespread viral infection. the hav strains of "human" and "monkey" origin are similar in their morphological and antigenic properties, but differ genotypically. | 2019 | 32167690 |
| a cross-species comparison of abnormal behavior in three species of singly-housed old world monkeys. | abnormal behavior occurs in a number of captive nonhuman primate species and is often used as an indicator of welfare. however, reported levels of abnormal behavior often vary across species, making general welfare judgments difficult. the purpose of this study was to assess differences in levels of abnormal behavior and associated risk factors across three species of old world monkeys in order to identify similarities and differences across species. the subjects were 415 (109 females) cynomolgu ... | 2018 | 29422700 |
| insights into the molecular systematics of trichuris infecting captive primates based on mitochondrial dna analysis. | nematodes belonging to the trichuris genus are prevalent soil-transmitted helminths with a worldwide distribution in mammals, while humans are mainly affected in areas with insufficient sanitation such as in africa, asia and south america. traditionally, whipworms infecting primates are referred to trichuris trichiura, but recent molecular and morphological evidence suggests that more than one species may be able to infect humans and non-human primates. here, we analyzed the genetic diversity an ... | 2019 | 31395201 |
| parameters of experimental activity in the study of the cognitive abilities of rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) and baboons (papio hamadryas). | we compared experimental activity, behavioral activity in the experiment, of rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) and baboons (papio hamadryas). baboons showed higher levels of experimental activity. the contrast in the activity between the species is probably associated with species-specific characteristics of the behavior and different ability to adapt under new conditions. in particular, they may be the result of lower plasticity of rhesus monkeys with respect to experimental conditions. | 2020 | 32328945 |
| nineteen new microsatellite dna polymorphisms in pigtailed macaques (macaca nemestrina). | microsatellite loci known to be polymorphic in baboons (papio hamadryas) and/or humans were tested in pigtailed macaques (macaca nemestrina) from the washington regional primate research center. nineteen polymorphisms were identified in the macaques, with an average of 9.2 alleles per locus and an average heterozygosity of 0.76. seven loci were analyzed using radiolabelled pcr primers and standard gel electrophoresis. twelve loci were studied using fluorescently labelled primers and the perkin-e ... | 2000 | 30545185 |
| parasitic infections in african humans and non-human primates. | different protozoa and metazoa have been detected in great apes, monkeys and humans with possible interspecies exchanges. some are either nonpathogenic or their detrimental effects on the host are not yet known. others lead to serious diseases that can even be fatal. their survey remains of great importance for public health and animal conservation. fecal samples from gorillas (gorilla gorilla) and humans living in same area in the republic of congo, chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) from senegal an ... | 2020 | 32664573 |
| adenovirus infections in african humans and wild non-human primates: great diversity and cross-species transmission. | non-human primates (nhps) are known hosts for adenoviruses (advs), so there is the possibility of the zoonotic or cross-species transmission of advs. as with humans, adv infections in animals can cause diseases that range from asymptomatic to fatal. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and diversity of advs in: (i) fecal samples of apes and monkeys from different african countries (republic of congo, senegal, djibouti and algeria), (ii) stool of humans living near gorillas in ... | 2020 | 32570742 |
| philopatry at the frontier: a demographically driven scenario for the evolution of multilevel societies in baboons (papio). | the baboons (papio sp.) exhibit marked interspecies variation in social behavior. the thesis presented here argues, first, that male philopatry is a crucial factor, arguably the crucial factor, underlying the other distinctive features (one-male units, multilevel society) shared by hamadryas and guinea baboons, but not other species of papio. the second suggestion is that male philopatry as a population norm was not an adaptation to a particular habitat or set of ecological circumstances but evo ... | 2020 | 32736063 |
| a missing piece of the papio puzzle: gorongosa baboon phenostructure and intrageneric relationships. | most authors recognize six baboon species: hamadryas (papio hamadryas), guinea (papio papio), olive (papio anubis), yellow (papio cynocephalus), chacma (papio ursinus), and kinda (papio kindae). however, there is still debate regarding the taxonomic status, phylogenetic relationships, and the amount of gene flow occurring between species. here, we present ongoing research on baboon morphological diversity in gorongosa national park (gnp), located in central mozambique, south of the zambezi river ... | 2019 | 31010537 |
| comparison of vitamin d metabolites in wild and captive baboons. | vitamin d adequacy is essential for multiple physiologic processes. with limited exposure to sunlight for vitamin d3 synthesis, captive primates are supplemented with vitamin d3 (cholecalciferol). vitamin d metabolite data from wild primates living indigenously could suggest optimum levels. the purpose of this study was to: 1) to explore whether baboons, a speciose genus whose members have significant exposed skin, coat color variation and wide geographical distribution, mirrors the skin pigment ... | 2018 | 30537386 |
| restricted mhc class i a locus diversity in olive and hybrid olive/yellow baboons from the southwest national primate research center. | baboons are valuable models for complex human diseases due to their genetic and physiologic similarities to humans. deep sequencing methods to characterize full-length major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i (mhc-i) alleles in different nonhuman primate populations were used to identify novel mhc-i alleles in baboons. we combined data from illumina miseq sequencing and roche/454 sequencing to characterize novel full-length mhc-i transcripts in a cohort of olive and hybrid olive/yellow bab ... | 2018 | 29594415 |
| heritability of age at first birth in captive olive baboons. | the evolution of life history traits is a topic of growing interest in primatology. traits associated with fertility, such as age at menarche and age at first birth, have great significance for natural selection, and knowing the genetic basis of such demographic traits may improve our understanding of population dynamics. knowledge of the heritability of reproductive traits may also have practical implications for the management of captive breeding colonies. a maximum likelihood method was used ... | 1995 | 31936949 |
| teeth emergence in wild olive baboons in kenya and formulation of a dental schedule for aging wild baboon populations. | teeth emergence schedules are presented from analysis of 95 wild olive baboons papio anubis (age range 2-120 months) and compared to recently published results for wild and captive yellow baboons (p. cynocephalus; phillips-conroy and jolly: american journal of primatology 15:17-29, 1988). age at emergence of m1 (20.5 months males, 19.5 months females), i1 (32.5 and 33.5 months) and i2 (40.0 and 39 months) of olive baboons was earlier than in the wild yellow baboons and similar to captive yellow ... | 1991 | 31952415 |
| genetic differentiation between baboon subspecies: relevance for biomedical research. | the use of common names which may encompass a number of subspecies or species is pervasive in the biomedical literature. failure to identify the complete taxonomic classification of research subjects presents a source of error for scientists attempting to evaluate results or to repeat experiments. this paper examines the problem in a common animal model, the baboon. analyses of the genetic distances among five baboon subspecies (papio hamadryas anubis, p.h. cynocephalus, p.h. papio, p.h. ursinus ... | 1990 | 31963994 |
| a 4-year summary of the nonsurgical recovery of baboon embryos: a report on 498 eggs. | a nonsurgical embryo recovery procedure, developed to allow the economical acquisition of cleavage stage baboon embryos, has been successfully used for 4 years. with this technique, 498 eggs have been recovered from 979 uterine flushes (50.9%) on 71 baboons. of 467 eggs recovered from mated baboons, 290 (62.1%) were fertilized. papio anubis females provided a higher percentage of fertilized eggs (75.3%) than did papio hamadryas (47.8%) or papio cynocephalus (44.3%) females following exposure to ... | 1983 | 31986852 |
| nucleotide polymorphism, effective population size, and dispersal distances in the yellow baboons (papio hamadryas cynocephalus) of mikumi national park, tanzania. | we investigated genetic variability and population structure in a natural population of yellow baboons (papio hamadryas cynocephalus) from mikumi national park, tanzania. the amount of nuclear dna polymorphism in a random sample of animals from four social groups was estimated by using southern blotting to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms in five nuclear autosomal loci. the average nucleotide heterozygosity was estimated to be 0.0033. this level of dna polymorphism is higher than ... | 1996 | 31918472 |
| dental eruption schedules of wild and captive baboons. | dental eruption schedules previously used to age wild baboons have in the past derived from studies of captive animals housed under standard conditions and fed standard laboratory diets. this paper reports for the first time eruption schedules derived from wild baboons, the yellow baboons (papio hamadryas cynocephalus) of mikumi national park, tanzania, and compares these schedules with those of other baboon subspecies inhabiting both similar and dissimilar environments. eighteen males and twelv ... | 1988 | 31968903 |
| compression-resistant polymer/ceramic composite scaffolds augmented with rhbmp-2 promote new bone formation in a nonhuman primate mandibular ridge augmentation model. | this study was designed to test the hypothesis that compression-resistant (cr) scaffolds augmented with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhbmp-2) at clinically relevant doses in a nonhuman primate lateral ridge augmentation model enhances bone formation in a dose-responsive manner without additional protective membranes. | 2020 | 32406661 |
| correlation between musculoskeletal structure of the hand and primate locomotion: morphometric and mechanical analysis in prehension using the cross- and triple-ratios. | biometric ratios of the relative length of the rays in the hand have been analyzed between primate species in the light of their hand function or phylogeny. however, how relative lengths among phalanges are mechanically linked to the grasping function of primates with different locomotor behaviors remains unclear. to clarify this, we calculated cross and triple-ratios, which are related to the torque distribution, and the torque generation mode at different joint angles using the lengths of the ... | 2020 | 32365096 |
| total eclipse of the zoo: animal behavior during a total solar eclipse. | the infrequency of a total solar eclipse renders the event novel to those animals that experience its effects and, consequently, may induce anomalous behavioral responses. however, historical information on the responses of animals to eclipses is scant and often conflicting. in this study, we qualitatively document the responses of 17 vertebrate taxa (including mammals, birds, and reptiles) to the 2017 total solar eclipse as it passed over riverbanks zoo and garden in columbia, south carolina. i ... | 2020 | 32244374 |
| baboon bearing resemblance in pigmentation pattern to siamese cat carries a missense mutation in the tyrosinase gene. | an infant hamadryas baboon exhibiting an albino phenotype-white body hair and red eyes-was born to parents with wild-type body color. pigmentation on some parts of its body surfaced during childhood and progressed with age. this baboon in adulthood has gray hair on parts of its body, such as the tail, distal portion of the legs, and face, with the remainder being white. this pigmentation pattern resembles that of the siamese cat and the himalayan variants of the mouse and the mink. the distingui ... | 2020 | 32053406 |
| the multilevel society of a small-brained bird. | animal societies can be organised in multiple hierarchical tiers [1]. such multilevel societies, where stable groups move together through the landscape, overlapping and associating preferentially with specific other groups, are thought to represent one of the most complex forms of social structure in vertebrates. for example, hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) live in units consisting of one male and one or several females, or of several solitary males, that group into clans. these clans then ... | 2019 | 31689393 |
| social evolution in plio-pleistocene hominins: insights from hamadryas baboons and paleoecology. | reconstructions of hominin evolution have long benefited from comparisons with nonhuman primates, especially baboons and chimpanzees. the hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas) is arguably one of the best such models, as it exhibits both the male kin bonding and the cross-sex pair bonding thought to have been important in hominin evolution. here we link processes of behavioral evolution in hamadryas baboons with those in a plio-pleistocene hominin, provisionally identified as homo erectus (sensu lat ... | 2019 | 31629289 |
| exenatide regulates pancreatic islet integrity and insulin sensitivity in the nonhuman primate baboon papio hamadryas. | the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide improves glycemic control by several and not completely understood mechanisms. herein, we examined the effects of chronic intravenous exenatide infusion on insulin sensitivity, β cell and α cell function and relative volumes, and islet cell apoptosis and replication in nondiabetic nonhuman primates (baboons). at baseline, baboons received a 2-step hyperglycemic clamp followed by an l-arginine bolus (hc/a). after hc/a, baboons underwent a par ... | 2019 | 31536476 |
| meat eating in wild hamadryas baboons: opportunistic trade-offs between insects and vertebrates. | the consumption of meat may provide herbivorous animals with important nutrients that are scarce in their plant-based diet. seasonal variation in plant food availability has been suggested to motivate dietary flexibility in a range of species and thus primates may seek more prey when key plant resources are unavailable. alternatively, prey encounter rate may drive meat eating. here we investigate patterns of meat eating in hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) at filoha, awash national park, ethio ... | 2019 | 31297842 |
| rabies among animals in saudi arabia. | rabies is a fatal viral disease that continues to threaten human and animal health in endemic countries. rabies is endemic in animals in the arabian peninsula. although saudi arabia is the largest country on the peninsula, little has been reported in the country about rabies situation. | 2019 | 31079702 |
| severe whipworm (trichuris spp.) infection in the hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas). | a 3-year-old male hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas) at the seoul zoo, korea, died without any previous symptoms. necropsy revealed severe whipworm infection in the large intestine. the animal weighed 2.6 kg and had a blood clot at the anus. numerous whipworms were found attached to the intestinal wall, with their anterior ends embedded in the mucosa. fecal microscopy revealed typical barrel-shaped, brown eggs of trichuris spp., with hyaline polar plugs at each end. histopathological examination ... | 2019 | 30464076 |
| correlation of cognitive abilities of male hamadryas baboon with age and hierarchical status. | we studied the correlation between the rank and age of baboons (n=12) with their cognitive abilities. a positive correlation was found between performances of different tests by male. the ability to solve the tests related to bait placement depended on the age of the males and age-related hierarchical status. four-year-old males performed these tests in 52% of cases, whereas five-year-old males, who reached a higher hierarchical status by this age solved with them in 93% of cases. in the tests f ... | 2018 | 30121930 |
| evolution of the modern baboon (papio hamadryas): a reassessment of the african plio-pleistocene record. | baboons (papio hamadryas) are among the most successful extant primates, with a minimum of six distinctive forms throughout sub-saharan africa. however, their presence in the fossil record is unclear. three early fossil taxa are generally recognized, all from south africa: papio izodi, papio robinsoni and papio angusticeps. because of their derived appearance, p. angusticeps and p. robinsoni have sometimes been considered subspecies of p. hamadryas and have been used as biochronological markers ... | 2018 | 29954592 |
| high-resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics of non-human primate serum. | metabolomics analyses using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms)-based metabolomics are heavily impeded by the lack of high-resolution mass spectrometers and limited spectral libraries to complement the excellent chromatography that gc platforms offer, a challenge that is being addressed with the implementation of high-resolution (hr) platforms such as 1d-gc/orbitrap-ms. | 2018 | 29874398 |
| magnetic particle imaging of islet transplantation in the liver and under the kidney capsule in mouse models. | islet transplantation (tx) represents the most promising therapy to restore normoglycemia in type 1 diabetes (t1d) patients to date. as significant islet loss has been observed after the procedure, there is an urgent need for developing strategies for monitoring transplanted islet grafts. in this report we describe for the first time the application of magnetic particle imaging (mpi) for monitoring transplanted islets in the liver and under the kidney capsule in experimental animals. | 2018 | 29675353 |
| in vivo experimental study of biological compatibility of tissue engineered tracheal construct in laboratory primates. | biological compatibility of a tissue engineered construct of the trachea (synthetic scaffold) and allogenic mesenchymal stem cells was studied on laboratory papio hamadryas primates. subcutaneous implantation and orthotopic transplantations of tissue engineered constructs were carried out. histological studies of the construct showed chaotically located filaments and mononuclear cells fixed to them. development of a fine connective tissue capsule was found at the site of subcutaneous implantatio ... | 2018 | 29658077 |
| in vitro assessment of electrospun polyamide-6 scaffolds for esophageal tissue engineering. | artificial tissue-engineered grafts offer a potential alternative to autologous tissue grafts for patients, which can be traumatic. after decellularizing papio hamadryas esophagus and studying the morphology and physical properties of the extracellular matrix (ecm), we generated electrospun polyamide-6 based scaffolds to mimic it. the scaffolds supported a greater mechanical load than the native ecm and demonstrated similar 3d microstructure, with randomly aligned fibers, 90% porosity, 29 μm max ... | 2019 | 29603873 |
| patterns of wounding in hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) in north american zoos. | in north american zoos, hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) have traditionally been housed as single one-male units (single male groups). in recent years, efforts have been made to house hamadryas in groups composed of multiple one-male units (multi-male groups) to more closely mirror their natural social structure, in addition to all-male or bachelor groups to manage surplus males. given that the majority of social conflict in hamadryas occurs between males during the acquisition and defense of ... | 2018 | 29441656 |
| 2d:4d digit ratio is not a biomarker of developmental programming in baboons (papio hamadryas species). | we hypothesized second-to-fourth hand digit ratio (2d:4d) is a biomarker of developmental programming in 3 baboon groups: intrauterine growth restriction (7 females, 8 males), exposure during fetal life to synthetic glucocorticoids (4 females, 5 males), and controls (66 females, 20 males). 2d:4d was similar between sexes and groups. | 2018 | 29034475 |
| [diurnal activity pattern and seasonal variations of captive papio hamadryas.] | activity rhythms and time budgets are two important components of ecological influences on animal individual behaviors. we collected data on activity pattern using instantaneous scan sampling on captive hamadryas baboons (papio hamadryas) in hangzhou wild animal zoo in zhejiang, china from november 2012 to october 2013. the results showed that: 1) in the activity time allocation, the main activities (frequency percentage was more than or equal to 5%) included resting (42.5%), traveling (16.2%), ... | 2016 | 29696873 |
| alveolar bone loss in wild baboons. | radiograph-based methods were used to assess alveolar bone loss in 12 juvenile and 18 adult baboons (papio hamadryas, sensu lato) living in the awash national park, ethiopia. alveolar bone loss, as measured from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest, averaged about 1 mm in juveniles and about 1.5 mm in adults. densitometry of alveolar bone from the radiographs provides a baseline for comparisons with other adult baboons. periodontal disease surveys of baboon populations using such met ... | 1993 | 31941198 |
| social relationships of mountain baboons: leadership and affiliation in a non-female-bonded monkey. | instead of close and differentiated relationships among adult females, the accepted norm for savanna baboons, groups of drakensberg mountain baboons (papio ursinus) showed strong affiliation of females towards a single male. the same male was usually the decision-making animal in controlling group movements. lactating or pregnant females focused their grooming on this "leader" male, producing a radially patterned sociogram, as in the desert baboon (p. hamadryas); the leader male supported young ... | 1990 | 32075347 |
| social relationships of mountain baboons: leadership and affiliation in a non-female-bonded monkey. | instead of close and differentiated relationship among adult females, the accepted norm for savanna baboons, groups of drakensberg mountain baboons (papio ursinus) showed strong affiliation of females towards a single male. the same male was usually the decision-making animal in controlling group movements. lactating or pregnant females focused their grooming on this "leader" male, producing a radially patterned sociogram, as in the desert baboon (p. hamadryas); the leader male supported young a ... | 1989 | 31964038 |
| inbreeding, heterozygosity, and lymphoma risk among the baboons (papio hamadryas) of sukhumi, ussr. | this paper describes the spread of lymphoma through a baboon (papio hamadryas) colony in the institute of experimental pathology and therapy at sukhumi, ussr. in the late 1960s, soviet scientists inoculated 12 baboons with cells from hospitalized human leukemia patients, causing the death of a total of 135 animals between 1967 and 1978. the death rate from lymphoma averages almost 12 baboons per year in the sukhumi colony. genetic investigations of these baboons revealed the following: 1) six bl ... | 1984 | 31986833 |