| immunofluorescence analysis of ig determinants of mouse thymocytes and t cells. | | 1976 | 59697 |
| in vitro target cell lysis mediated by normal human lymphocytes (k cells) or monocytes. | guinea pig igg1 or igg2 anti-dinitrophenyl (dnp) antibody preparations were used for induction of target cell lysis by normal human lymphocytes (k cells) or monocytes. target cells were dnp-coated 51cr-labeled chicken erythrocytes. antibody concentrations were assayed by an ammonium sulphate precipitation technique. when antiserum was obtained by immunization with the antigen in freund's complete adjuvant (fca), igg2 antibodies predominated and were significantly more efficient inducers of k-cel ... | 1975 | 56029 |
| antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity: heterogeneity of effector cells in human peripheral blood. | we have compared antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcmc) of human peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) in three model systems. target cells were 51cr-labeled mouse mastocytoma cells, chicken erythrocytes (crbc), and human erythrocytes (hrbc) coated with appropriate heterologous or isologous antisera. effector cells were characterized on the basis of their adherence, phagocytosis, radiosensitivity, and sedimentation velocity(s) at 1 g. in predominantly mononuclear (ficoll-isopaque-puri ... | 1975 | 52180 |
| iga in secondary anti-hapten responses in vitro. | production of iga anti-hapten antibodies in vitro was studied in suspension and fragment cultures of spleens from mice immunized with nip-cg (4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenylacetyl coupled to chicken globulin) a few weeks earlier. iga anti-hapten production tended to be of much shorter duration than igg anti-hapten production. iga produced in fragment cultures had sedimentation coefficients of 9s, 11s, and 13s. 9s iga anti-hapten was more prominent later during the in vitro response than earlier. ... | 1976 | 59944 |
| growth and remodeling of bone. an investigation in chicken with special reference to the mechanism of bone resorption. | bone resorption was studied in chicken by means of histologic and microradiographic examination after intravital injections of three boneseeking fluorochromes. the fluorochromes were injected at intervals from 36 hours to 5 days, and the chicken were killed at 36 hours to 10 days after injection of the third fluorochrome. signs of osteolysis, such as enlarged osteocyte lacunae surrounded by a metachromatic zone in toluidine blue stained sections, and confluence of osteocyte lacunae in microradio ... | 1975 | 60043 |
| immunocompetent cells of the turkey: antigenic surface determinants of turkey lymphoid cells. | the serologic properties of chicken antiserums to turkey bursa and thymus were assayed by the cytotoxicity tests and indirect immunofluorescence. the following antigenic surface determinants were detected, using proper absorptions on thymic and bursal lymphoic cells: (a) common lymphocyte antigens present on both kinds of cells, (b) thymus-specific antigens, (c) bursa-specific antigens, and (d) immunoglobulin surface determinants in bursa cells, as revealed by direct immunofluorescence. | 1976 | 60072 |
| [contribution to the antigenic study of influenza viruses in animals. i.--neuraminidase of the equine influenza viruses (author's transl)]. | from the revised nomenclature of who, the fowl influenza virus a/duck/ukraine/63 (hav7 neq2) has the same neuraminidase as the equine virus a/equi 2/miami/63 (heq2 neq2); the a/chicken germany "n"/49 virus has the same neuraminidase as the equine virus a/equi 1/prague/56. a comparative study of the antigenic specificities confirms that the neq2 neuraminidases are closely connected, whatever their animal origin, and that the fowl strain hav7 neq2 can be used for the titration of anti neq2 antibod ... | 1975 | 60076 |
| antigenic determinants of hen egg-white lysozyme in delayed hypersensitivity. ii. antigenicity and immunogenicity of the n- and c-terminal peptide. | various small fragments of (see article) which is one of the immunodominant groups of hen egg-white lysozyme (hl), were tested for macrophage migration inhibition (mmi) of peritoneal exudate cells (pec) from guinea pigs immunized with hl. p17 was split in the middle with cyanogen bromide. the terminal portion of (see article) showed positive mmi, whereas the non-terminal half of p17, p17i (sequence 13-27) only showed very weak mmi activity. a fragment derived from the middle portion of p17, p17m ... | 1975 | 56172 |
| acridine orange binding to chromatin of individual cells and nuclei under different staining conditions. i. binding capacity of chromatin. | | 1976 | 60246 |
| avian infectious bronchitis vaccine: primordial or derived virus? | vaccine formulations of virulent, modified/attenuated, or inactivated mono- or multivalent types of chicken embryo-propagated avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) at different passage levels and administered by non-parenteral routes have been used for immunization of chickens against the disease. two doses of vaccines are generally used: 1) high level virus of lessened virulence, antigenicity and immunogenicity as "derived" from its parental virus via serial passage in and selective adaptatio ... | 1976 | 60263 |
| recombination between a temperature-sensitive mutant and a deletion mutant of rous sarcoma virus. | cells doubly infected with two mutants of the schmidt-ruppin strain of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), ts68, which is temperature sensitive for cell transformation (srcts), and a deletion mutant, n8, which is deficient in the envelope glycoprotein (env-), produced a recombinant which carried the defects of both parents. the frequency of formation of such a recombinant was exceptionally high and made up 45 to 55% of the progeny carrying the srcts marker. by contrast, the reciprocal recombinant, which i ... | 1976 | 60496 |
| electron microscopy of interphase chromosomes in situ; binding of permanganate to chicken erythrocytes. | from quantitative electron-microscope observations on the binding of permanganate to regions of erythrocytes and reticulocytes of known chemical composition, it is concluded that kmno4, like phosphotungstic acid (pta), binds preferentially to sites on proteins. compared with pta, kmno4 binding exhibits less anomalous behaviour. the data support the hypothesis previously put forward that the 2 regions, or phases, in condensed chromatin differ in both molecular composition and concentration. the i ... | 1976 | 57119 |
| detection of beta2-microglobulin in sera from diverse vertebrate species by the use of a heterologous radioimmunoassay. | the strong cross-reaction between rabbit and human beta2-microglobulins, as detected by goat antisera, has permitted the development of heterologous radioimmunoassays to detect homologues of beta2-microglobulin (beta2mu) in the sera of various vertebrate species. the assay based on the inhibition of the binding reaction between goat anti-rabbit beta2 mu and human beta2 mu divided the sera examined into two groups, one giving high levels of inhibition (approximately 80%). and the other lower leve ... | 1976 | 60779 |
| proceedings: the nucleoside triphosphate and nucleoside diphosphate phosphohydrolase, the 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the hen's egg yolk. | | 1976 | 60929 |
| impairment of clearance by the reticuloendothelial system of bursectomized chickens. | | 1976 | 57236 |
| a smear technique for staining elementary bodies of fowlpox. | red-stained elementary bodies of fowlpox virus were detected in smears from lesions of infected chorioallantoic membrane and from skin of infected birds stained by the giménez method. | 1976 | 60991 |
| the ontogeny of bursa- and thymus-specific cell surface antigens in the chicken. | | 1976 | 57697 |
| the influence of chromatin compactness on the stoichiometry of the feulgen-schiff procedure studied in model films. ii. investigations on films containing condensed or swollen chicken erythrocyte nuclei. | as models for different states of chromatin compactness, nuclei from chicken erythrocytes were isolated and either osmotically swollen or kept as condensed as possible. both types of nuclei were then fixed and incorporated into polyacrylamide films. hydrolysis with 5 n hcl and staining with schiff's reagent of these model films were studied using several parameters. the phosphate content of the films was analyzed as a parameter for the depolymerization losses and the staining with schiff's reage ... | 1975 | 53249 |
| further studies on the specificity of the n- and c-terminal antigenic determinant of hen egg-white lysozyme. | the specificity of the n- and c-terminal antigenic determinant (p17: sequence lys1-cys6-asn27, trp123-cys127-leu129) of hen egg-white lysozyme (hl) was studied in more detail. in a scatchard plot of the binding of 14c-acetyl hl with guinea pig purified anti-p17 antibody experimental values bent sharply near r=1. this suggests the presence of two antibody populations with different affinities for hl or possible steric hindrance in the binding of a second hl molecule to the second binding site of ... | 1975 | 52358 |
| comparative studies on antibody formation against hen egg white lysozyme and its split fragment. | a peptide fragment fr. 17 (lys1-cys-asn27 leu129-cys-ala122) of hen egg white lysozyme (hl) was previously found to retain at least one antigenic determinant region of the native protein. in this work a highly purified preparation of fr. 17, contaminated with less than 0.01% hl and less than 1% of other fragments was found to be strongly immunogenic to rabbits. the kinetic patterns of antibody formation against fr.17, assayed by passive hemagglutination (pha), were quite different from those of ... | 1975 | 52359 |
| vitamin k-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamic acid formation by kidney microsomes in vitro. | | 1976 | 61755 |
| application of 125i-labelled soluble proteins in the histoautoradiographic detection of antigen and antibodies in the spleen of rabbits during primary immune response. | an autoradiographic method for detecting soluble antigen (chicken serum albumin, csa) and specific antibodies in the spleen of rabbits during a primary immune response is described. the method consists of incubating sections from the spleen with 125i-labelled igg2 anti csa (for demonstration of antigen) or with 125i-labelled antigen (for demonstration of specific antibodies). this treatment of histological sections combines the advantages and principles of the immunofluorescence technique with t ... | 1975 | 53252 |
| antigenic relationship between the surface antigens of avian and equine influenze viruses. | influenza virus equine 1 (a/equine/prague/56) has a hemagglutinin which is antigenically related to the hemagglutinin of fowl plague virus strain rostock (fpv) and a neuraminidase which cross-reacts with the enzyme of virus n (a/chick/germany/49). after a single injection of chickens with equine 1 virus no hemagglutination inhibiting (hi) and neutralizing antibodies against fpv can be demonstrated, although the birds are fully protected against a lethal dose of fpv. hi and neutralizing antibodie ... | 1975 | 53781 |
| filamin, a new high-molecular-weight protein found in smooth muscle and non-muscle cells. | a new high-molecular-weight protein, named filamin, was isolated from chicken gizzard. in chicken gizzard, filamin is present in an amount approximately 30-40% of that of myosin. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of highly purified filamin revealed a single polypeptide of about 250,000 daltons. rabbit antibody directed against purified chicken gizzard filamin did not crossreact with myosin purified from the same source. by the use of microcomplement fixation and indirect ... | 1975 | 53835 |
| [antigenic characteristics of chicken influenza viruses]. | data on isolation of chicken influenza virus strains in this country during epizootics in 1970--1975 are presented, and the antigenic characteristics of the isolates are described. all the strains had a mixed hemagglutinin type (gp6-h3n2) and neuraminidase h2. neuraminidase of the strains had more marked antigenic relationship with h2 human influenza a/singapore/57 (h2n2) virus than h2 of other human influenza virus strains. the size of km of neuraminidase is similar in all chicken influenza vir ... | 1976 | 62456 |
| effect of chemical modification on the immunogenicity of homologous alpha-fetoprotein. | | 1975 | 54042 |
| [regulation of stress-free nonlaying periods using chlormadinone acetate]. | nonlaying intervals were induced in 6 group of 30 hens with chlormadinone acetate (cap), with a 7th groups serving as a control. 3 groups were treated for 10 days and 3 for 20 days, each group getting a different dosage of cap. 1.2% of the hens were lost per month in the control group, with losses in the other 6 groups ranging from .6 to 1.7%/month. the length of the nonlaying period corresponded in 5 groups to the dosage and length of cap treatment. the groups treated with the lowest daily do ... | 1976 | 62649 |
| [thymus changes in chicks following treatment with small doses of insecticides]. | effects of small doses of insecticides (fenclorfos and heptaclor) upon the thymus of chickens were followed. treatment began at the age of 3 weeks and continued during 4 or 8 weeks. doses used were: 1 ppm for heptaclor and 1 ppm and 0.5 ppm for fenclorfos. total nucleic acid, total protein, rna, dna, and amino acid nitrogen contents were determined, as well as got and gpt activities and weight of the organ. results are interpreted as being due to the action of insecticides on the hypothalamus-hy ... | 1975 | 54154 |
| evidence for animal origin of cells and rescued tumour virus from a putative human osteosarcoma cell line. | human osteosarcoma cell lines t 1 and zt 1 were analyzed for host origin. the results indicated that these lines must have been contaminated with rat x mouse hybrid cells. the isolated virus was identified as an avian sarcoma virus belonging to the c subgroup. | 1975 | 54267 |
| hla factors and immune function. | the hla system is the major histocompatibility system (mhs) in man and contains a variety of closely linked genes, which control a large number of alloantigens, some complement components, and certain immune responses. the alloantigens are of three different kinds: (i) so-called "classical" or serologically detectable (sd) antigens which are present on all nucleated cells and controlled by genes of at least three different loci; (ii) mlc (= mixed lymphocyte culture = ld = lymphocyte dependent) a ... | 1976 | 63212 |
| a radioisotopic method to measure delayed type hypersensitivity in the mouse. i. studies in sensitized and normal mice. | delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) lesions have been difficult to evaluate objectively in the mouse because they are usually assessed in terms of an increase in footpad swelling or ear thickness. we have developed a radioisotopic method which not only reduces the observer's error but also gives an objective measurement of the cellular activity in the lesions. in brief, 10 mul of the test antigen is injected intradermally into the left pinna and either nothing or the same volume of a control sol ... | 1975 | 51830 |
| changes in chick oviduct chromatin antigenicity following estrogen withdrawal. | a microcomplement fixation assay was used to study changes in the antigenicity of chick oviduct chromatin following estrogen withdrawal. our findings indicate that following estrogen withdrawal, chromatin from previously stimulated oviducts lost those antigenic determinants which were characteristic of the stimulated state. withdrawal did not, however, result in the reappearance of antigenic sites characteristic of the unstimulated oviduct. these results suggest that estrogen stimulation of the ... | 1975 | 52551 |
| antibody dependent cytotoxicity mediated by neutrophils: a possible mechanism of antiviral defense. | | 1976 | 58061 |
| intracellular restriction on the growth of induced subgroup e avian type c viruses in chicken cells. | subgroup e avian type c viruses produced by bromodeoxyuridine-treated 100 x 7, line 7, or line c chicken cells were restricted in their intracellular growth on k28 chicken cells but not on line 15 chicken cells. cells from embryos of line 15 chickens bred with k28 chickens did not restrict the growth of the subgroup e induced leukosis viruses (ilvs). this result indicates that the phenotype for the intracellular restriction of the growth of subgroup e ilvs found in k28 cells is recessive. long-t ... | 1976 | 58079 |
| ronnel and its oxygen analogue: residues in the body tissues and eggs of caged layers. | | 1976 | 63475 |
| in vitro inhibition of lactate dehydrogenases by kepone. | | 1976 | 63476 |
| [comparative antigenic characteristics of 2 marek's disease virus variants and of herpesvirus of turkeys isolated in the ussr]. | the antigens induced by pathogenic (55) and nonpathogenic (83) variants of marek's disease virus, the kekava strain (mdv-kekava) and herpesvirus of turkeys, the m-24-72 strain (hvt-m24-72) were tested in the agar gel precipitation test. the antigens were prepared from feather follicles (ff) of the infected chickens, from the infected cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) and from the culture fluid (cf) of these culttures. in the ff and cef cultures infected with mdv-kekava-83, the synthesis ... | 1976 | 64031 |
| [effect of atp on the reaction catalysed by fumarase]. | | 1976 | 64213 |
| pharmacokinetics of a neurotoxic oral dose of leptophos in hens. | a pharmacokinetic profile of [14c] leptophos was determined in laying hens following a single oral dose of 400 mg/kg (0.58 muci). most of the radioactivity was excreted into the urine and feces. after 15 days, the total radioactivity recovered in the combined urinary-fecal excretion was 73.5% of the administered dose. a major part of the absorbed leptophos was concentrated in the eggs. the total 14c radioactivity in egg albumen was 7.29% of the administered dose as compared to 4.67% in egg yolk. ... | 1976 | 64240 |
| genetic transformation of animal cells with viral dna of rna tumor viruses. | | 1976 | 58548 |
| serum electrophoretic pattern of chickens vaccinated with r2b (mukteswar) and f strain of newcastle disease virus. | sera from ndv (mukteswar and f strain) vaccinated chickens of various age groups were subjected to paper, starch-gel and immunoelectrophoresis. an increase in total serum protein, gamma globulin, alpha globulin, and a decrease in beta globulin and albumin concentrations was observed in adult birds. the concentration of the various serum proteins varied widely depending upon the age of the other test birds. igm and igg band characteristics did not differ in sera from vaccinated and unvaccinated b ... | 1975 | 59352 |
| antithyroid activity of goitrin in chicks. | antithyroid activity of orally administered goitrin was assessed by parallel-line assay in chicks using four indices. the relative potency of goitrin in chicks was estimated to be approximately 0.31 times the potency of ptu in causing enlargement of thyroid gland, 0.06 times in effect on depression in plasma thyroid hormone, and 0.08 times in inhibitory effects on biosynthesis of thyroid hormone in the gland. it might be concluded that thyroid hormone synthesis is not so much suppressed to the d ... | 1976 | 59353 |
| immunity against avian sarcomas: a review. | animals bearing either primary or transplantable tumors of avian sarcoma virus origin frequently mount cellular and humoral antitumor immune responses against both viral and nonviral antigenic determinants. this communication summarizes recent developments in this area, with special emphasis on the effector mechanisms of antitumor immunity in chickens. among the topics considered are structural and antigenic aspects of avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses; virus-induced tumor-associated antigens; ... | 1976 | 59714 |
| early synthesis of semliki forest virus-specific proteins in infected chicken cells. | cells preinfected with fowl plague virus followed by treatment with actinomycin d are a suitable system for studying early protein synthesis in cells infected with semliki forest virus. one and one-half hours after superinfection, three new nonstructural proteins (nvp) were detected: nvp 145, nvp, 112, and nvp 65. they appeared in parallel with a low incorporation of mannose at the beginning of the infectious cycle. behavior on chasing suggested a precursor relationship of nvp 112 to the envelop ... | 1976 | 59814 |
| transplantation tolerance. | | 1976 | 60159 |
| [improved methods for the cytochemical demonstration of platelet peroxidase (author's transl)]. | the variability of results to demonstrate the peroxidase of platelets has been attributed to an inhibition of the enzyme by glutaraldehyde. in order to eliminate this difficulty, two new methods have been employed prior to incubation in the diaminobenzidine medium: 1. fixation was omitted. 2. fixation was performed in a mixture of tannic acid-formaldehyde glutaraldehyde. with these two procedures, intense and reproducible peroxidase staining of human platelets and chicken thrombocytes was obtain ... | 1976 | 64967 |
| the glioarchitectonics of the chicken optic nerve--golgi study and electron microscopy-. | | 1976 | 60730 |
| [effect of curarization on sensitivity of chicken latissimus dorsi to electric current]. | (1.) to test the sensitivity to electric current of the latissimus dorsi and, therefore, its ability to yield action potential, we have studied the effect of curarisation on the amplitude of the isometric tetanus during "massive" stimulations by alternative current. (2.) curarisation causes a considerable but reversible reduction of the tetanic tension of the latissimus dorsi anterior (l.d.a.) but has no effect on the tetanus of the latissimus dorsi posterior (l.d.p.). it is concluded that a pa ... | 1976 | 60976 |
| investigation of group-specific antigen during the culture of mc-29 hepatoma. | the short-time culture established from mc-29 chicken hepatoma was used for the analysis of cell morphology and expression of avian gs antigen. the content of gs antigen was not changed during the period of cultivation. two morphologically different types of cells were present in tested tumour cells. fluorescent antibody test showed the presence of gs antigen in both types of cells. | 1976 | 61136 |
| immunological interspecies cross-reactions of fibroblast surface antigen (fibronectin). | | 1976 | 61165 |
| the eeg response to repetitive photic stimulation in various regions of the chicken brain. | the eeg response in the chicken to repetitive photic stimulation was studied by frequency analysis and by the averaged response. evoked responses were observable not only in stations along the visual pathway but also in broad areas apart from the visual pathway. the electrical activity in the archistriatum showed a marked response to flickering stimuli, indicating that this area is involved in the visual function in the chicken. in other telencephalic areas, photically evoked potentials could no ... | 1976 | 57853 |
| the effect of lindane and ddt on the biological activity of estrogens in chicken. | | 1975 | 57865 |
| prostaglandins and oviductal motility in the domestic hen. | | 1976 | 65976 |
| an autoradiographic study of sex steroids in the chicken telencephalon. | | 1977 | 66169 |
| characterization of a new serotype of marek's disease herpesvirus. | the hprs-24 strain of marek's disease herpesvirus was selected for closer study from a group of virus isolates that appeared apathogenic under standard test conditons. protection studies revealed an immunological relationship between this virus strain and acute marek's disease herpesvirus. in chicken kidney cell cultures, the hprs-24 strain caused small and slowly developing plaques, and the proportion of infected cells was less than with other strains. in chicken embryo fibroblast cultures, thi ... | 1975 | 66180 |
| isolation of virus-induced antigens from cells infected with marek's disease and turkey herpesviruses. | | 1975 | 66181 |
| t-lymphoblastoid cell lines from marek's disease lymphomas. | the establishment and continuous culture of two lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from marek's disease lymphomas is described. although the cells carried t-lymphocyte surface antigens, they had many features in common with cultured burkitt's lymphoma lymphoblasts, which carry b-cell determinants. a small proportion acted as infectious units in tissue culture, and a similarly small proportion contained intranuclear immature herpesvirus particles. the cells did not respond to phytohaemagglutinin. ... | 1975 | 66182 |
| an rna-dependent dna polymerase, different from the known viral reverse transcriptases, in the chicken system. | the properties of an rna-dependent dna polymerase (an rna-dependent dna nucleotidyltransferase), which occurs ubiquitously in the allantoic fluid of uninfected, leukosis-virus-free eggs, are described. it is shown that the enzyme can synthesize faithful transcripts from natural rna (globin mrna). by biochemical and immunological methods, the enzyme can be clearly distinguished from the reverse transcriptases of the known chicken rna tumor viruses and therefore seems to be a member of a so far un ... | 1976 | 61587 |
| detection by immunofluorescence of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase. | peripheral blood cells of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv-(infected chickens were examined at various intervals post infection by immunofluorescence. amv revertase was identified in pro- and myeloblasts; it was localized mainly in the perinuclear zone or throughout the cytoplasm. no revertase was found in erythrocytes or granulocytes. blood cells from uninfected chickens of man contained no revertase. | 1976 | 61720 |
| transport of rna along the optic pathway of the chick: an autoradiographic study. | autoradiograms of the optic tectum were made 8 days after monocular injection of 3h-uridine in 3 day-old chicks. electron microscopic analysis of grain density over morphological structures in various layers of the optic tectum contralateral to the injected eye, was carried out. this revealed that the highest concentration of labeled rna was within the axons of the more superficial layers of the tectum. a lesser density of grains was observed over glial cells, neuronal perikarya and dendrites. i ... | 1976 | 61887 |
| identification of different antigenic determinants within the synthetic multichain co-polymer poly(tyr,glu)-polyala--polylys as recognized by the chicken. i. significance of the polyala--polylys backbone and identification of poly-d-alanine as the antigenic determinant in backbone-directed responses. | the multichain co-polymer poly(tyr,glu)-polyala--polylys, designated (t,g)-a--l, is normally thought to present only the poly(tyr,glu) sequences, designated (t,g), as antigenic determinants. evidence is presented indicating that at least two different determinants in the (t,g)-a--l antigen are recognized by chickens. studies in a partly inbred high-responder chicken strain reveal two major determinant systems: the (t,g) and the a--l in the (t,g)-a--l antigen. for one serum the antigenic determin ... | 1977 | 66738 |
| effect of bursa fabricius extracts on antibody production in bursectomized or bursal cell autografted chickens. | restoration and enhancement of immune response against bsa antigen was achieved by 5-day consecutive doses of bf estract from 4-5-week-old chickens, in birds which had been surgically bursectomized or given bf-cell autografts at 17 days of age. a similar 5-day treatment with other tissue extract, i.e. liver, spleen, pancreas or intestine, or with lps of e. coli, in contrast, failed to provide such restoration or enhancement. | 1976 | 61937 |
| coexistence of helper and suppressor activities in carrier-primed spleen cells. | both helper and suppressor activities for an in vitro igg anti-hapten (lac) response to lac-hrbc were demonstrated in the same population of carrier (hrbc)-primed spleen cells. the relative radiosensitivity of suppressor activity permitted the selective removal of suppression and the demonstration of help. both activities appear to be t cell-dependent and antigen-specific. dilution analysis showed that help and suppression are mediated by distinct populations of cells. | 1976 | 61991 |
| [differential expression of relevant rous sarcoma tumor antigens in cultured cells]. | chickens bearing tumours induced by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) are able to mount a cellular immune response against antigens associated with these neoplasms. cultured rous sarcoma (rs) cells, derived from the wings of chickens bearing tumors induced by rsv, were consistently more susceptible in cytotoxicity assays to killing by the splenic lymphocytes of rs-bearing chickens than were chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells which had been transformed in vitro by rsv. in contrast, extracts (3m kci-der ... | 1977 | 66892 |
| characterization of a new reverse transcriptase of possibly cellular origin in the chicken system. | the properties of an rna-dependent dna polymerase, which occurs ubiquitously in the allantoic fluid of uninfected, leukosis-virus-free eggs, are described. it is shown that the enzyme can synthesize faithful transcripts from natural rna (globin mrna). with biochemical and immunological methods, the enzyme can be clearly distinguished from the reverse transcriptases of the known chicken rna tumour viruses and therefore seems to be a member of a so far unknown class of chicken polymerases. our dat ... | 1977 | 66920 |
| some immunological aspects of a recent australian isolate of infectious bronchitis virus. | an infectious bronchitis virus, designated g48, isolated from birds during an outbreak of nephritis in a previously vaccinated broiler flock, overcame the resistance induced in birds vaccinated with 2 commercially available vaccines. birds vaccinated with the a isolate of infectious bronchitis resisted challenge with this new virus. cross neutralisation studies revealed that the new virus was serologically distinct from the 4 viruses tested. homologous antiserum to g48 did not neutralise the oth ... | 1976 | 62570 |
| on using cis-pt (ii)-uracil as a stain for nucleic acids in brain slices and subcellular fractions. | chick brain cortical slices and crude mitochondrial fractions were fixed with glutaraldehyde, stained only with cis-pt (ii)-uracil and processed for electron microscopy. the optimal time of staining was determined to be 10 min. results show that this platinum-pyrimidine complex is a relatively specific stain for the nucleic acids of brain slices. however, staining of crude mitochondrial fractions apparently resulted in some protein staining and other artifacts. the method should be helpful ident ... | 1976 | 62738 |
| antigen-specific and nonspecific mediators of t cell/b cell cooperation. iv. development of a model system demonstrating responsiveness of two t cell functions to hgg in vitro. | previous work in this laboratory has defined two functionally distinct t cell subpopulations (viz., antigen-specific helper) and characerized some of the parameters of these subpopulations derived from the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh)-primed mouse spleen. characerization of further parameters such as relative susceptibility to tolerance induction and relative degree of specificity was not possible with the use of klh as the antigen. in order to overcome this impediment, an experimental protoc ... | 1976 | 62797 |
| interaction of genes controlling two allotypes in chickens. | this paper presents the results of the investigations of the newly detected antigen of chicken blood serum, called k2. it was established that the k2 antigen which was identified with isoimmune serum was a beta-globulin with the molecular weight over 200 000. the results of the genetic analysis based on sire-dam-offspring combinations seemed to indicate that the antigen under examination was controlled by a gene hypostatic to the gene controlling the previously described k1 allotype. | 1976 | 63255 |
| serotherapy of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus-induced tumors. | immune serum, obtained from animals that had survived sublethal challenge with re virus, was very effective in achieving tumor cures in chickens infected with this virus. the therapeutic effect could also be obtained by the immunoglobulin fraction of immune serum. the serum did not influence the development of an unrelated malignancy. serotherapy studies in bx and tx recipients indicate that the b-cell or t-cell system of the host does not significantly contribute to the curative activity of imm ... | 1976 | 63259 |
| retrograde transport of peroxidase in motor neurons innervating slow and fast muscles: absence of a difference between normal and dystrophic chickens. | | 1977 | 63307 |
| influence of q- and g-banding on the feulgen-stainability of human metaphase chromosomes. | in this paper, model experiments on chicken red blood cell nuclei are described concerning the influence of methanol-acetic acid fixation and irradiation at different wavelengths, with and without prior atebrin staining on subsequent feulgen-stainability. in addition, data are reported on the influence on feulgen-stainability of giemsa-banding procedures, illumination of unstained chromosomes at 220 and 515 nm and exposure of unstained and atebrin-stained chromosomes to illumination at 440 nm. t ... | 1977 | 63454 |
| transneuronal transport of tritiated fucose and proline in the avian visual system. | | 1977 | 64287 |
| low-dose antigenic signals to helper lymphocytes. | | 1977 | 64311 |
| a new, not virus related reverse transcriptase in the chicken system. | | 1976 | 64385 |
| [possibilities for the treatment of varicella-herpes zoster infections in juvenile leukemia]. | chicken pox and herpes zoster represent afraid complications in patients with malignant diseases which may take a noxious course. during the sequence of two chicken pox epidemias in 1973 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemias, the prevention and therapeutic possibilities were checked again. chicken pox or herpes zoster convalescent sera being compatible for blood groups and zoster-immunoglobulin were not available. at the time of the epidemia the first reports on the effect of cytarabin ... | 1976 | 64406 |
| characterization of the madrid e strain of rickettsia prowazekii purified by renografin density gradient centrifugation. | the avirulent madrid e strain of rickettsia prowazekii cultivated in chicken yolk sacs could be purified successfully with a renografin density gradient method developed previously for rickettsia typhi. recovery during purification, viability, and lack of contamination with host cell components were similar for the two species, although yields of r. prowazekii per yolk sac were lower. purified typhus rickettsiae provided satisfactory antigens in the complement fixation, ouchterlony double-diffus ... | 1977 | 64456 |
| gene specific priming of complementary dna synthesis. | dna, complementary to chicken globin mrna was synthesized using either avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase, or e. coli dna polymerase i. transcriptase cdna sediments at 9 s on sucrose gradients, and is 620 nucleotides in length, representing a complete copy of globin mrna template. in contrast, polymerase i cdna sediments at 4 s, is 100 to 200 nucleotides in length, and is a copy of a small region at the 3'(poly a) end of globin mrna. similarly, transcriptase cdna and polymerase i c ... | 1976 | 64922 |
| delayed neurotoxicity from continous low-dose oral administration of leptophos to hens. | | 1976 | 65030 |
| [relationship between the viability and pathogenicity of heterskis gallinarum and the intensity of invasion and age of the infested chickens]. | it has been found that the survival rate of heterakis worms in chickens aged from one to seven months is directly dependent on the number of heterakis eggs that have gained access in them only in the case of lower numbers of infective eggs (10 and 50). at comparatively larger numbers of eggs (500 and 2500) the survival rate has been highest at the 3- and 4-month-old chickens, and the morphologic changes in this age group are most pronouncedly expressed. investigations have shown that the greates ... | 1976 | 65048 |
| subunits of fatty acid synthetase complexes. comparative study of enzyme activities and properties of the half-molecular weight nonidentical subunits of fatty acid synthetase complexes obtained from rat, human, and chicken liver and yeast. | | 1976 | 65153 |
| comparative immunochemical studies of the serum low-density lipoprotein in several animal species. | the antigenic reactivities of the serum ldls of several groups of animals (mammals, birds, snakes, and fish) have been compared by qualitative and quantitative immunological techniques. the cross-reactivities of the various ldls were evaluated qualitatively by gel diffusion techniques and quantitatively by the precipitation and inhibition of precipitation tests. the degrees of cross-reaction between human and animal ldls ranged from 80-88% in the old world monkeys to 36-58% in the pig, 26-37% in ... | 1976 | 65172 |
| organization of sequences of avian globin mrna. | formamide polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows that chicken globin mrna contains about 6.50 nucleotides, and since only 435 of these code for globin, a further 215 are not translated, and their function and position are not known. this work has produced the following conclusions. 1. 45-50 of these untranslated nucleotides are present as poly (a) at the 3' terminus. 2. the 3' untranslated region of chicken globin mrna is at least 90 nucleotides in length. this minimal estimate is based on dat ... | 1977 | 65281 |
| structural and genetic studies on chicken 7s immunoglobulin allotypes. ii. distribution of allotypes on the 7s immunoglobulin of homozygous and heterozygous chickens. | we have previously reported that chicken 7s immunoglobulin (ig) heavy (h) chain allotypes (cs-1 locus) segregate as phenogroups in f2 progeny. specificity cs-1.1 formed a phenogroup with cs-1.4 in inbred chicken line ucd 2, and a second phenogroup with cs-1.3 in line ucd 3. to determine whether these phenogroups were formed by combinations of specificities on the same, or on separate subclasses of 7s ig, their distribution on the 7s ig molecules of birds homozygous for 7s ig allotypes was analyz ... | 1977 | 65421 |
| beta-actinin, a regulatory protein of muscle. purification, characterization and function. | beta-actinin, a minor regulatory protein of muscle, was purified from skeletal muscles of rabbit and chicken by deae-sephadex chromatography. beta-actinin consisted of two subunits, beta i and betaii, with chain weights of 37,000 and 34,000 daltons, respectively. the amino acid compositions were similar, though not identical. it appears that each of the two subunits is associated in solution. beta-actinin had the following effects on actin: (1) inhibition of reassociation of f-actin fragments; ( ... | 1977 | 66229 |
| structure and biologic functions of human igd. xi. identification and ontogeny of a rat lymphocyte immunoglobulin having antigenic cross-reactivity with human igd. | chicken anti-human igd antiserum (anti-delta) has demonstrated an antigenically cross-reactive homologue on rat lymphocytes. igd and igm are the only cell surface immunoglobulins detectable by the lactoperoxidase radiolabeling technique employed. the results indicate that, although rat surface igd is antigenically distinct from rat igm, the respective h chains co-electrophorese in 10% polyacrylamide-sds gels. rat delta-chain has an apparent m.w. of 73,000 daltons and exhibits a minor 65,000 dalt ... | 1977 | 66267 |
| ca+2-accumulating components in developing skeletal muscle. | this ultrastructural study on the localization of ca+2 in developing skeletal muscle indicates that the formation of calcium-accumulating components begins during embryonic development. both oxalate and pyroantimonate techniques are used to localize ca+2 in distinct cellular components of chick pectoral and sartorius muscles. two major sites for ca+2 accumulation are present in ultrathin sections of embryonic and post-embryonic muscles: the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and sp ... | 1977 | 66318 |
| a modification of the bodian technique for embedded, frozen, and cultured nervous tissue. | | 1977 | 66794 |
| [concentration of estrone, estradiol and estriol in the blood of pregnant sheep after induction of estrus with chlormadinone acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate]. | the radioisotopic method of 131j-labelled albumin was employed to determine the distribution of acidic proteinase activity in some organs and tissues of chickens. the highest enzymatic activities were found in intestine wall, in pancreas, and in liver. considerably lower activities were ascertained in kidneys, brain, lungs, and heart. the different proportions of these enzymes in homogenates and supernatant fractions (106 000 g) testify to a lack of uniformity in the solubility of cathepsins in ... | 1976 | 66795 |
| reiteration frequency of vitellogenin gene in avian liver before and after estradiol treatment. | | 1977 | 67056 |
| orthograde and retrograde axoplasmic transport during acute ocular hypertension in the monkey. | orthograde and retrograde axoplasmic transport have been studied in the optic nerve heads of 37 macaca fascicularis eyes with normal or elevated intraocular pressure (iop) produced by cannulation of the anterior chamber. orthograde transport was labeled by 3h-amino acids injected intravitreally and incorporated into retinal ganglion cell proteins. retrograde transport was studied in the same eyes by injecting horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into one or both optic tracts and dorsal lateral geniculat ... | 1977 | 67096 |
| isolation of chicken hemoglobin mrna and synthesis of complementary dna. | chicken globin mrna has been purified and partially characterized. globin-specific sequences are found primarily as 9 s rna, but also are found with ribosomal rna, preferentially the 28 s moiety. the chicken globin mrna preparation has been translated in the wheat germ and krebs ascites cell-free systems. the products have been identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis as the alpha- and beta-globin polypeptides. the globin mrna is resolved into two asymmetric peaks by polyacrylami ... | 1977 | 67113 |
| tumor growth and antibodies after rsv-challenge in normal chickens and in chickens congenitally infected with avian leukosis virus. | normal chickens and chickens congenitally infected with an avian leukosis virus (alv) of antigenic subgroup a were challenged with strains of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) of two different antigenic subgroups (b and c) and tumor induction and growth as well as humoral antibody to viral envelope antigen (vea) and tumor-specific surface antigen (tssa) were measured. there was no effect of congenital alv infection on rsv tumor incidence or latent period but the growth rate and size of the tumors were mu ... | 1977 | 67140 |
| plasma cell antigens in human multiple myeloma. | tumor-specific antigens capable of eliciting a response from autologous lymphocytes have been described in mouse plasmacytoma systems. this paper presents evidence of similar antigens in human myeloma. myeloma plasma cells isolated from the bone marrow of 27 patients stimulated autologous and allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) from myeloma patients in mixed leukocyte culture. plasma cells isolated fromt the bone marrow of normal patients or patients with benign plasmacytosis failed t ... | 1977 | 67161 |
| recent studies on the assessment of cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. | experiments employing two new methods for the in vitro assessment of cell-mediated immunity against neoplastic target cells are indicated. both methods offer the advantage of rapid and quantifiable determination of very early events in cell-cell confrontations. one technique measures the incorporation of precursors of proteins, rna, and dna synthesis by neoplastic cells incubated with effector cells during the first hours of contact. it was found that exposure of balb/c plasmacytoma (pct) cells ... | 1976 | 67561 |
| on the inhibition of hen egg-white lysozyme activity by aminoglycosidic antibiotics. | | 1977 | 67844 |
| spontaneous, augmentable cell-mediated cytotoxicity with limited target cell specificity in human blood. | nonadherent and nonphagocytic lymphoid cells from human peripheral blood became strongly cytotoxic against 51cr-labeled chicken red blood cells and cells from an established human myeloma cell line when subjected to repeated cycles of washing in phosphate buffered saline or treated with trypsin or lecithinase. prior to augmentation the effector cells pass nylon wool columns that remove practically all surface igg-positive cells, but after augmentation they are retained in such columns. augmentat ... | 1977 | 67951 |
| a heterophile carbohydrate moiety common to mammalian igm and erythrocytes detected by chicken igm antibody. | sequential treatment of chicken lymphocytes with normal sheep serum (nss), chicken antiserum against sheep erythrocytes (se) and formaldehyde results in rosette formation with se. the identity of reactive components and the mechanism of rosette formation has been elucidated. the binding activity of nss to chicken lymphocytes was ascribed to "natural" igm anti-species antibodies. subsequently, chicken igm anti-se antibody reacted with sheep igm bound to the lymphocyte surface, and, following form ... | 1977 | 67955 |
| immunofluorescent detection of differentiation alloantigens (ca1) in the chicken. | lymphoid cell surface alloantigens were detected by a triple-layer immunofluorescence technique. an antiserum raised against b locus-incompatible lymphoid cells also reacted with previously undefined differentiation antigens (ca1) which segregated between b locus homozygous (b14/b14) chickens of the same strain as the antiserum donor. ca1-positive chickens reacted with the antiserum by agglutination of red cells and staining of all peripheral lymphocytes and thymocytes but not bursal cells. cros ... | 1977 | 67957 |
| [toxic action of lindane. biochemical and ultrastructural changes in the lysosome system in cultured hepatocytes]. | lindane, in contact with cultured foetal chicken liver cells over a period of 40 hours, has a biphasic action on the lysosomal system of the cells. for the concentrations between 1 micronm and 25 micronm not affecting the cellular growth, the decrease of the acid phosphatase activity and the absence of any reaction in the golgi saccules might indicate a reduction in the synthesis of the lysosomal enzyme. for the concentrations above 25 micronm slowing down cellular growth, acid phosphatase activ ... | 1976 | 67958 |