| the nucleotide sequence of a microvitellogenin encoding gene from the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. | a microvitellogenin (mvg)-coding gene (mvg) has been isolated from a lambda phage library prepared from the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. one of the lambda clones had a 15-kb insert and contained the entire mvg gene. a dna fragment (3.0 kb) containing this mvg gene has been sequenced. southern blot analysis showed that there may be more than one mvg gene in m. sexta. the putative transcriptional start point (tsp) for the cloned mvg was determined by primer extension analysis. this gene contai ... | 1989 | 2583514 |
| neural circuits mediating visual flight control in flies. i. quantitative comparison of neural and behavioral response characteristics. | the motion-sensitive horizontal cells in the lobula plate of the fly are assumed to play a key role in the sensory control of yaw torque generated by the flying animal during course-stabilization maneuvers and the fixation of objects. this inference results from comparisons of electrophysiological data obtained from blowflies (calliphora erythrocephala) and behavioral data obtained mainly from houseflies (musca domestica) and fruitflies (drosophila melanogaster). apart from few exceptions, the c ... | 1989 | 2585057 |
| genes, variant genes and pseudogenes of the human trna(val) gene family. expression and pre-trna maturation in vitro. | nine different members of the human trna(val) gene family have been cloned and characterized. only four of the genes code for one of the known trna(val) isoacceptors. the remaining five genes carry mutations, which in two cases even affect the normal three-dimensional trna structure. each of the genes is transcribed by polymerase iii in a hela cell nuclear extract, but their transcription efficiencies differ by up to an order of magnitude. conserved sequences immediately flanking the structural ... | 1989 | 2585499 |
| [id-similar sequences in various types of dna clones]. | the sequence of rat id repeat was compared with those of escherichia coli, drosophila melanogaster, chicken, rat, mouse and human clones and clones with t-rna gene from embl-5 date bank. this comparison was made bearing on the determination of the level of mutual information between the sequences compared. the non-canonical similarity of the id repeat sequence with the trna genes was found. it is revealed by the conservation of purine or pyrimidine sites in the sequences compared. in human and m ... | 1989 | 2586503 |
| molecular cloning and sequencing of ama-1, the gene encoding the largest subunit of caenorhabditis elegans rna polymerase ii. | two genomic sequences that share homology with rp11215, the gene encoding the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii in drosophila melanogaster, have been isolated from the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. one of these sequences was physically mapped on chromosome iv within a region deleted by the deficiency mdf4, 25 kilobases (kb) from the left deficiency breakpoint. this position corresponds to ama-1 (resistance to alpha-amanitin), a gene shown previously to encode a subunit of rna polymerase ii ... | 1989 | 2586513 |
| nuclear power plants and natural populations of mexican drosophila. | with the worldwide proliferation of nuclear power plants has come the need to study the biological effects of the operation of the reactors on surrounding populations. we have begun a long-term study of the sibling species drosophila melanogaster and d. simulans in the area of laguna verde in the state of veracruz in mexico. laguna verde, on the gulf of mexico about 75 km north of the city of veracruz, is the location of the country's first nuclear power plant. this plant has not yet gone "on-li ... | 1989 | 2591737 |
| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. characteristics revealed by the rat liver enzyme structure. | the primary structure of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from rat liver has been determined, showing the mature polypeptide to consist of 513 amino acid residues, with an acyl-blocked n-terminus. this structure is homologous to those of both other eutherian and marsupial mammals (human and opossum), thus characterizing a mammalian type enzyme to which the human form, notwithstanding its large number of genetic variants, conforms. the mammalian type differs from the fruit fly enzyme by about 50 ... | 1989 | 2606104 |
| [the features of the 3' terminal sequences of the 18s rrna gene from silkworm attacus ricini]. | the 3' terminal sequence of the gene for 18s rrna of silkworm attacus ricini have been sequenced. comparison of this sequence with the 18s rdna of silkworm bombyx mori, drosophila melanogaster, rat and the 16s rdna of e. coli has shown that there is a remarkable homology between them. moreover, the stem and loop formation of 3' regions of these rdnas are very similar. there is a conservative ecor1 site in the 3' region of these rdnas. these results may contribute to the understanding of the func ... | 1989 | 2640142 |
| structure of a major yolk glycoprotein and its processing pathway by limited proteolysis are conserved in echinoids. | to study the fate of the yolk glycoproteins found in eggs and embryos of the sea urchin, strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a polyclonal antibody to a 90-kda polymannose glycoprotein found in the embryo was prepared. immunoblot analysis of total proteins over the course of development showed that this antibody recognized a family of glycoproteins. concomitant with the disappearance of the major 160-kda yolk glycoprotein of the egg during embryogenesis, glycoproteins with a lower molecular mass appea ... | 1989 | 2645184 |
| deduced protein sequence of bone small proteoglycan i (biglycan) shows homology with proteoglycan ii (decorin) and several nonconnective tissue proteins in a variety of species. | the small proteoglycans (pg) of bone consist of two different molecular species: one containing one chondroitin sulfate chain (pg ii) and the other, two chains (pg i). these two proteoglycans are found in many connective tissues and have mr = 45,000 core proteins with clear differences in their nh2-terminal sequences. using antisera produced against synthetic peptides derived from the human pg i and pg ii nh2 termini, we have isolated several cdna clones from a lambda gt11 expression library mad ... | 1989 | 2647739 |
| human phosvitin/casein kinase type ii. molecular cloning and sequencing of full-length cdna encoding subunit beta. | phosvitin/casein kinase type ii is an ubiquitous, highly conserved enzyme consisting of subunits alpha, alpha' and beta. subunit beta, presumably serving regulatory functions, was prepared from human placenta and the amino acid sequence of a protease digestion peptide was determined. the deduced nucleotide sequence was employed for the synthesis of a mixture of 20mers as a hybridization probe to screen a lambda gt10 hela cell cdna library for clones encoding subunit beta. a full-length clone con ... | 1989 | 2666134 |
| conversion of monofunctional dna adducts of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) to bifunctional lesions. effect on the in vitro replication of single-stranded dna by escherichia coli dna polymerase i and eukaryotic dna polymerases alpha. | reaction of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (ii) with single-stranded m13 phage dna in vitro produced monofunctional platinum-dna adducts on guanine and bifunctional lesions with either two guanine bases (gg) or one adenine and one guanine (ag). when dna containing a majority of monofunctional platinum-dna lesions was dialyzed against 10 mm nacio4 at 37 degrees c, conversion of monoadducts to bifunctional lesions was observed. we examined the effect of post-treatment formation of bifunctional lesio ... | 1989 | 2670932 |
| serotonin immunoreactivity in the optic lobes of the sphinx moth manduca sexta and colocalization with fmrfamide and scpb immunoreactivity. | in the optic lobes (ols) of the sphinx moth manduca sexta, 300-350 neurons per hemisphere are immunoreactive with an antiserotonin antiserum. two groups of weakly serotonin-immunoreactive cells (ol1) appear to be amacrine cells of the medulla, whereas more intensely immunoreactive cells (ol2) are probably centrifugal neurons that innervate the lobula, medulla, and lamina, as well as the superior protocerebrum. at least one other ol2 cell is a local optic-lobe interneuron with arborizations in th ... | 1989 | 2677065 |
| molecular cloning and analysis of cdna encoding a plant tryptophan decarboxylase: comparison with animal dopa decarboxylases. | the sequence of a cdna clone that includes the complete coding region of tryptophan decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.28, formerly ec 4.1.1.27) from periwinkle (catharanthus roseus) is reported. the cdna clone (1747 base pairs) was isolated by antibody screening of a cdna expression library produced from poly(a)+ rna found in developing seedlings of c. roseus. the clone hybridized to a 1.8-kilobase mrna from developing seedlings and from young leaves of mature plants. the identity of the clone was confirm ... | 1989 | 2704736 |
| effects of sepiapterin and 6-acetyldihydrohomopterin on the guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase i of mouse, rat and the fruit-fly drosophila. | the regulation of gtp cyclohydrolase i would lead to the regulation of tetrahydrobiopterin, an important cofactor for synthesis of neurotransmitters. in an attempt to extend a previous finding [bellahsene, dhondt, & farriaux (1984) biochem. j. 217, 59-65] that gtp cyclohydrolase i of rat liver is inhibited by subnanomolar concentrations of reduced biopterin and sepiapterin, we found that this could not be verified with the enzyme from mouse liver, fruit-fly (drosophila) heads or, indeed, from ra ... | 1989 | 2775176 |
| gene transfer experiments in cattle. | various methods for gene transfer in cattle are described. four vectors containing (1) the bovine papilloma virus dna, (2) the alcohol dehydrogenase gene of drosophila melanogaster, and the human (3) and the bovine (4) growth hormone gene were used for gene injection in bovine zygotes. the period between 78 and 82 h after prostaglandin treatment was determined as the optimum time for collection of bovine zygotes. a total of 802 eggs was obtained from 74 successfully superovulated heifers. the fo ... | 1989 | 2795560 |
| molecular genetic analysis of topoisomerase ii gene from drosophila melanogaster. | the gene encoding the drosophila type ii dna topoisomerase has been isolated and characterized. the enzyme is coded for by a messenger rna of about 5000 nucleotides, the expected size for the enzyme with mwr 170,000, and the gene is interrupted by four introns. the cytogenetic location of this gene has been mapped to the left arm of chromosome 2 at 37d2-6 by both in situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes and genomic blot-hybridization. the complete nucleotide sequence of the coding region an ... | 1987 | 2819734 |
| similarity between cell-cycle genes of budding yeast and fission yeast and the notch gene of drosophila. | the ho gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes the endonuclease that initiates mating-type switching. to prevent inopportune switching, ho transcription is restricted to a specific period in the haploid cell cycle, which is just after, and dependent on, the start of the mitotic cell cycle. a repeated promoter element (cacga4) (refs 7-9) and two trans-acting activators (swi4 and swi6) have been identified, which are responsible for the periodic and start-dependent transcription of ho. to underst ... | 1987 | 2821408 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus in drosophila melanogaster cells: regulation of viral transcription and replication. | vesicular stomatitis virus rna synthesis was investigated during the establishment of persistent infection in drosophila melanogaster cells. the transcription rate declined as early as 5 h after infection and was strongly inhibited after 7 h, leading to a decrease in viral mrna levels and in viral protein synthesis rates. full-length plus-strand antigenomes and minus-strand genomes were detected after a 3-h lag time and accumulated until 15 h after infection. short encapsidated plus-strand molec ... | 1988 | 2824851 |
| detection in situ of genomic regulatory elements in drosophila. | we have developed an approach for the in situ detection of genomic elements that regulate transcription zin drosophila melanogaster. the approach is analogous to a powerful method of bacterial genetics, the random generation of operon fusions, that enables the isolation and characterization of genes simply by knowing or postulating their pattern of expression; it is not necessary initially to screen for mutant phenotypes. to apply this approach to drosophila, we have used the expression of the l ... | 1987 | 2827169 |
| analysis of the molecular basis of insecticidal specificity of bacillus thuringiensis crystal delta-endotoxin. | the mechanism of action and receptor binding of a dual-specificity bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai icl delta-endotoxin was studied using insect cell culture. the native protoxin was labelled with 125i, proteolytically activated and the affinity of the resulting preparations for insect cell-membrane proteins was studied by blotting. the active preparations obtained by various treatments had characteristic specificity associated with unique polypeptides, and showed affinity for different membr ... | 1987 | 2829819 |
| regulatory sequences of the sgs-4 gene of drosophila melanogaster analysed by p element-mediated transformation. | the x chromosomally located allele sgs-4c for a larval secretion protein of drosophila melanogaster is normally expressed in female larvae of the strain oregon r and is hyperexpressed in male larvae exhibiting dosage compensation; the allele sgs-4d in the strain samarkand is weakly expressed and is not hyperexpressed in male larvae showing a dosage effect. p element-mediated transformation of upstream dna sequences from both alleles combined with sgs-4d coding and downstream sequences was perfor ... | 1987 | 2830087 |
| cloning and partial characterization of the xanthine dehydrogenase gene of calliphora vicina, a distant relative of drosophila melanogaster. | in vitro enzymatic assays have shown that an enzyme with typical xanthine dehydrogenase (xdh) activities and electrophoretic mobility slightly different from that of drosophila xdh is present in calliphora tissues. a calliphora genomic sequence has been isolated by low-stringency hybridization to the drosophila rosy gene (xdh), and partially sequenced. this sequence has been shown to be unique, polymorphic, and it maps on chromosome i. sequence comparisons provide compelling evidence that it bel ... | 1987 | 2830167 |
| acetylcholinesterases from musca domestica and drosophila melanogaster brain are linked to membranes by a glycophospholipid anchor sensitive to an endogenous phospholipase. | the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterases (aches) from musca domestica and from drosophila melanogaster to the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus and to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from trypanosoma brucei was investigated. b. cereus phospholipase c solubilizes membrane-bound ache, and both phospholipases convert amphiphilic aches into hydrophilic forms of the enzyme. the lipases uncover an immunological determinant that is found on oth ... | 1988 | 2831298 |
| expression of a drosophila melanogaster acetylcholine receptor-related gene in the central nervous system. | we isolated drosophila melanogaster genomic sequences with nucleotide and amino acid sequence homology to subunits of vertebrate acetylcholine receptor by hybridization with a torpedo acetylcholine receptor subunit cdna probe. five introns are present in the portion of the drosophila gene encoding the unprocessed protein and are positionally conserved relative to the human acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit gene. the drosophila genomic clone hybridized to salivary gland polytene chromosome 3l ... | 1988 | 2832736 |
| dna sequence, structure, and tyrosine kinase activity of the drosophila melanogaster abelson proto-oncogene homolog. | we report our molecular characterization of the drosophila melanogaster abelson gene (abl), a gene in which recessive loss-of-function mutations result in lethality at the pupal stage of development. this essential gene consists of 10 exons extending over 26 kilobase pairs of genomic dna. the dna sequence encodes a protein of 1,520 amino acids with strong sequence similarity to the human c-abl proto-oncogene beginning in the type lb 5' exon and extending through the region essential for tyrosine ... | 1988 | 2832740 |
| periodic interactions of heat shock transcriptional elements. | the activity of some genes is known to be a periodic function of the amount of dna between the binding sites of its regulatory proteins. the period observed is close to 10.5 base pairs (bp), that is, one turn of the b form of the dna helix. such periodicity is also seen in the cooperative binding of phage lambda and lac repressors. these periodic phenomena have been attributed to a requirement for a unique rotational alignment in forming essential contacts between the bound proteins. here we rep ... | 1988 | 2833709 |
| a gene encoding the major beta tubulin of the mitotic spindle in physarum polycephalum plasmodia. | the multinucleate plasmodium of physarum polycephalum is unusual among eucaryotic cells in that it uses tubulins only in mitotic-spindle microtubules; cytoskeletal, flagellar, and centriolar microtubules are absent in this cell type. we have identified a beta-tubulin cdna clone, beta 105, which is shown to correspond to the transcript of the betc beta-tubulin locus and to encode beta 2 tubulin, the beta tubulin expressed specifically in the plasmodium and used exclusively in the mitotic spindle. ... | 1988 | 2835667 |
| nucleotide sequence of the drosophila glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene and comparison with the homologous human gene. | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) has a major role in nadph production and is found in almost all cell types. the structural gene for g6pd is x-linked in drosophila melanogaster, as it is in most eukaryotic organisms, and due to its ubiquitous expression, it can be considered a typical 'housekeeping' gene. here we present the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of g6pd cdnas as well as the genomic copy of the g6pd gene. the g6pd gene has three introns so that the protein-coding region is di ... | 1988 | 2838391 |
| [localization in the p-element of drosophila melanogaster of sequences ensuring the autonomic replication of plasmids in yeasts]. | two sequences (ars) capable of maintaining the autonomous replication of plasmids in yeast cells were localized in the right part of drosophila melanogaster p-element subcloned from the pi 25.1 plasmid. an ars was found in the dna region of genome adjacent to p-element. ars sequences contain imperfect (10 out of 11) consensus typical of yeast ars and have a complicated domain structure. | 1988 | 2841596 |
| molecular analysis of the p-m gonadal dysgenesis cline in eastern australian drosophila melanogaster. | the latitudinal cline in p-m gonadal dysgenesis potential in eastern australia has been shown to comprise three regions which are, from north to south respectively, p, q, and m, with the p-to-q and q-to-m transitions occurring over relatively short distances. the p element complements of 30 lines from different regions of the cline were determined by molecular techniques. the total amount of p element-hybridizing dna was high in all lines, and it did not correlate in any obvious way with the p-m ... | 1988 | 2842226 |
| purification and characterization of w-protein. a dna-binding protein showing high affinity for the w chromosome-specific repetitive dna sequences of chicken. | a protein component, which binds with high affinity to the w chromosome-specific xhoi family repetitive dna of chicken (tone, m., sakaki, y., hashiguchi, t., and mizuno, s. (1984) chromosoma (berl.) 89, 228-237), was detected in the 0.35 m nacl extract of the female chicken liver nuclei. this protein, designated as w-protein, was substantially purified by phosphocellulose, hydroxyapatite, and deae-toyopearl column chromatography. molecular weight of w-protein was estimated to be about 72,000 by ... | 1988 | 2843543 |
| microtubule-associated cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase in drosophila melanogaster. | microtubules were prepared from head extracts of the adult fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster, by one-step, taxol-assisted polymerization. the microtubular fraction displayed cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase a) activity, as witnessed by endogenous protein phosphorylation and by protein kinase assay. microtubule-bound protein kinase a amounts to 4-5% of total soluble kinase activity, which is almost an order of magnitude less than in mammals. the high-molecular-weight microtubu ... | 1988 | 2843603 |
| the calcium-dependent proteolytic system calpain-calpastatin in drosophila melanogaster. | ca2+-dependent proteolytic activity was detected at ph 7.5 in head extracts of the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster. this activity was abolished by iodoacetate, but was unaffected by phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride. these properties resemble those of the ca2+-dependent thiol-proteinase calpain. the activity appeared at mr 280,000 on sepharose cl-6b gel chromatography. deae-cellulose chromatography revealed two activity peaks, with elution positions corresponding to vertebrate calpains i and ii. ... | 1988 | 2845920 |
| intrachromosomal rearrangements mediated by hobo transposons in drosophila melanogaster. | the recurring intrachromosomal rearrangements observed in an unstable x chromosome, designated uc, of drosophila melanogaster are shown to be mediated by hobo transposable elements. each of 29 chromosome rearrangement breakpoints in 16 gross aberrations detected in the uc-derived x chromosomes had a hobo element. in one particular unstable x chromosome line selected for detailed studies, a hobo element was found in each of the five hot spots for rearrangements. furthermore, hobo elements at dele ... | 1988 | 2848256 |
| [the drosophila mobile element jockey, being a typical line, is transcribed from the internal promoter by rna polymerase ii]. | two polyadenylated transcripts of the jockey are detected at different stages of drosophila melanogaster ontogenesis and in the cell culture. they have the same length as complete and deleted copies of jockey and correspond to the dna strand containing open reading frames coding for polypeptides which are homologous to retroviral rna-(dna)-binding proteins and to their reverse transcriptases. the results of the experiments, where transcription was inhibited with alpha-amanitin in vivo, indicate ... | 1988 | 2849576 |
| the drosophila melanogaster suppressor of hairy-wing protein binds to specific sequences of the gypsy retrotransposon. | mutations at the suppressor of hairy-wing [su(hw), 3-54.8] locus reverse the phenotype of second-site mutations induced by the gypsy transposable element in drosophila melanogaster. this gene encodes a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 109,000 that contains an acidic domain and 12 copies of the dna-binding 'zn finger' motif. the su(hw) protein was overexpressed in escherichia coli and drosophila cells, and partially purified. it was shown to interact specifically in vitro with a 367-b ... | 1988 | 2850261 |
| evidence for genetic relationship between rna and dna viruses from the sequence homology of a putative polymerase gene of bluetongue virus with that of vaccinia virus: conservation of rna polymerase genes from diverse species. | the nucleotide sequence of segment 1 of the double stranded rna genome of bluetongue virus serotype 10 (btv-10), encoding the largest viral core protein, vp1, has been determined. linear sequence analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the 149-k da protein, a putative component of the viral rna-directed rna polymerase, revealed extensive homology with the vaccinia virus 147k da dna-directed rna polymerase subunit. similar homologies were detected between the vp1 polypeptide and the beta ... | 1988 | 2850542 |
| a heat-shock-inducible eukaryotic expression vector. | we describe a construct, phs/cla, containing the drosophila melanogaster hsp70 promoter which serves as an inducible expression vector in mammalian cells. the construct was made in the plasmid pat153, a derivative of pbr322. in transient transfections of human h9 t-cells, the transactivator of transcription protein of the human aids virus hiv-1 was functionally expressed in response to heat shock. the promoter is very tightly regulated in that no expression can be detected at 37 degrees c. expre ... | 1988 | 2850976 |
| population dynamics of movable genetic elements in japanese natural populations of drosophila melanogaster. i. microevolution of male recombination determinants in experimental populations. | five natural populations of d. melanogaster in japan were surveyed for male recombination frequency in terms of the quantities of the mean and variance after crossing with cn bw females. the experimental condition enabled p-m system hybrid dysgenesis to take place. the means were not so different from one another, but there was a vast variation in the variances between them. using one of these populations, two additional experimental populations were started, and the male recombination frequenci ... | 1988 | 2856231 |
| excision of one of two defective p elements as the cause of alternate mutational events (sn+ and sne) of the singed bristle allele snw in drosophila melanogaster. | the x-linked singed locus is concerned with the bristle phenotype and female sterility, and is known as a hot spot of p element insertion. a moderate allele of singed, singed-weak (snw) (engels, 1979; 1984) is inserted with p elements. it is used as an index of p element activity, since it mutates at a high frequency to either a more extreme allele, singed-extreme (sne), or to a phenotype that is equivalent to the wild type (sn+) when an autonomous p element exists. we show here that snw is inse ... | 1988 | 2856232 |
| the nature of radiation-induced mutations at the white locus of drosophila melanogaster. | x-ray- and neutron-induced mutations at the white locus of drosophila melanogaster were used to study the nature of radiation-induced genetic damage. genetic analysis showed the presence of multi-locus deficiencies in 15 out of 31 x-ray mutants and in 26 out of 35 mutants induced by neutrons. the dna from 11 x-ray and 4 neutron mutants, which were not multi-locus deficiencies, was analyzed by southern blot-hybridization. deletions were observed in 2 x-ray and 1 neutron mutant. in combination wit ... | 1987 | 2881201 |
| the rudimentary gene of drosophila melanogaster encodes four enzymic functions. | we have determined the 7168 nucleotide dna sequence corresponding to the messenger rna of the rudimentary gene of drosophila melanogaster. by sequence comparison with genes involved in the pyrimidine pathway of prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes, we conclude that the rudimentary gene encodes four enzymically different functions. each function is restricted to a specific coding domain but in an order different from that previously defined by genetic data. we have found that the corresponding mammal ... | 1987 | 2884325 |
| human mrna polyadenylate binding protein: evolutionary conservation of a nucleic acid binding motif. | we have isolated a full length cdna (cdna) coding for the human poly(a) binding protein. the cdna derived 73 kd basic translation product has the same mr, isoelectric point and peptidic map as the poly(a) binding protein. dna sequence analysis reveals a 70,244 dalton protein. the n terminal part, highly homologous to the yeast poly(a) binding protein, is sufficient for poly(a) binding activity. this domain consists of a four-fold repeated unit of approximately 80 amino acids present in other nuc ... | 1987 | 2885805 |
| two human homeobox genes, c1 and c8: structure analysis and expression in embryonic development. | two human cdna clones (hho.c1.95 and hho.c8.5111) containing a homeobox region have been characterized, and the respective genomic regions have been partially analyzed. expression of the corresponding genes, termed c1 and c8, was evaluated in different organs and body parts during human embryonic/fetal development. hho.c1.95 apparently encodes a 217-amino acid protein containing a class i homeodomain that shares 60 out of 61 amino acid residues with the antennapedia homeodomain of drosophila mel ... | 1987 | 2885844 |
| cloning and expression of rat homeo-box-containing sequences. | six rat homeo-box-containing dna sequences have been isolated by screening a genomic library with a probe derived from an antennapedia (antp) cdna clone of drosophila melanogaster. sequence determination of two of the clones containing the homeo-box regions reveals a 180-nucleotide(nt) domain sharing more than 80% homology at the nucleotide level and more than 90% homology at the amino acid level with the homeo-box from the antp gene and from homeo-boxes of other metazoan species. genomic blotti ... | 1987 | 2886401 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of homeo-box-containing genes from atlantic salmon. | as the most primitive group among vertebrates, fish might serve as a model system when studying the genetic regulation of embryogenesis in higher animals. to identify genes important for early development, we have constructed a genomic library from atlantic salmon (salmo salar) and screened it with homeobox-containing probes from drosophila melanogaster. five different salmon homeoboxes were isolated. two of these were located in the same clone, separated by only 7.5 kb. this demonstrates the pr ... | 1988 | 2897318 |
| structure of the saccharomyces cerevisiae ura4 gene encoding dihydroorotase. | the ura4 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae, coding for the third enzyme of the pyrimidine pathway, has been cloned through phenotypic complementation of a ura4 mutant of s. cerevisiae. subcloning of an original 9 kb dna fragment, carrying the yeast ura4 gene, allowed us to localize the gene on a 2 kb clai--bamhi fragment. the sequence of the ura4 structural gene and surrounding dna was determined by the dideoxynucleotide chain termination method. the ura4 gene encodes a dihydroorotase subunit of ... | 1988 | 2897615 |
| effects of azadirachtin on insect cytochrome p-450 dependent ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity. | the effects of the insect growth and ecdysis inhibitor azadirachtin on ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity were examined in three insect species. homogenates of wandering stage third instar larvae of drosophila melanogaster, or abdomens from adult female aedes aegypti, or fat body or midgut from last instar larvae of manduca sexta were incubated with radiolabelled ecdysone and increasing concentrations of azadirachtin and the ecdysone 20-monoxygenase activity quantified by radioassay. azadirachti ... | 1988 | 2900005 |
| the second-largest subunit of the poxvirus rna polymerase is similar to the corresponding subunits of procaryotic and eucaryotic rna polymerases. | we have characterized the poxvirus gene encoding the second-largest subunit of the viral dna-dependent rna polymerase. this gene, designated rpo132, is located in the hindiii a fragment of the dna of the brighton red strain of cowpox virus. a similar gene is located in the corresponding position in the hindiii a fragment of the dna of the western reserve strain of vaccinia virus. the rpo132 gene is transcribed throughout the viral multiplication cycle. it has two transcriptional start sites; one ... | 1989 | 2915377 |
| multiple sequences in the drosophila melanogaster u3 rna gene are homologous to vertebrate u3 rna. | we have cloned and sequenced a dna fragment from the genome of drosophila melanogaster which is homologous to novikoff hepatoma (rat) small nucleolar u3 rna. dna sequence analysis shows that the regions of homology between the cloned dna and rat u3 rna are distributed over the entire length of the molecule and the total homology of linear sequence is 53%. the present finding supports the generalization that u3 rna has been evolutionally conserved but diverges between mammals and invertebrates. t ... | 1986 | 2943278 |
| a myosin heavy-chain-like polypeptide is associated with the nuclear envelope in higher eukaryotic cells. | a high molecular weight polypeptide, identified as an atpase subunit by direct ultraviolet photoaffinity labeling, has been shown to be a component of nuclear envelope-enriched fractions prepared from a variety of higher eukaryotes (berrios, m., g. blobel, and p. a. fisher, 1983, j. biol. chem., 258:4548-4555). in rat liver as well as drosophila melanogaster embryos, this polypeptide appears to be a form of myosin heavy chain. this conclusion is based on both immunochemical and immunocytochemica ... | 1986 | 2943745 |
| the nucleotide sequence, localization and transcriptional properties of a trnaleucug gene from drosophila melanogaster. | the nucleotide sequence of a trnaleucug gene from drosophila melanogaster has been determined and compared with available trnaleucug sequences from other eukaryotes, as well as with the trnaleuuug gene of d. melanogaster. the genomic location, determined by in situ hybridization, was found to be at site 66b on chromosome 3l. this localization probably places it within one of the known, but uncharacterized, clusters of trna genes in this organism. in addition, the transcriptional behaviour of thi ... | 1986 | 2946625 |
| damage-resistant dna synthesis in eukaryotes. | the molecular basis of sensitivity of ionizing radiation and other damaging agents is not clearly defined in eukaryotes. while a large number of mutants have been described only a few have been demonstrated to have a defect in the repair of damage to dna. an interesting characteristic of a sub-group of these mutants, in different species extending throughout the phylogenetic scale, is the presence of damage-resistant dna synthesis. this phenomenon is observed in cells from individuals with the g ... | 1988 | 2966294 |
| effects of the chitin synthetase inhibitor plumbagin and its 2-demethyl derivative juglone on insect ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity. | the chitin synthetase inhibitor plumbagin and its 2-demethyl derivative juglone were found to inhibit in a dose-response fashion the cytochrome p-450 dependent ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity associated with adult female aedes aegypti, wandering stage larvae of drosophila melanogaster, and fat body and midgut from last instar larvae of manduca sexta. the concentration of these naphthoquinones required to elicit a 50% inhibition of the steroid hydroxylase activity in all the insects was approx ... | 1988 | 2973991 |
| analysis of the promoter of the rh2 opsin gene in drosophila melanogaster. | we have analyzed the cis-acting regulatory sequences of the drosophila melanogaster rh2 gene that encodes the protein component of a rhodopsin which is expressed in ocellar photoreceptor cells. dna fragments containing the start point of transcription of the rh2 gene were fused to either the escherichia coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) or lacz (beta-galactosidase) genes and introduced into the drosophila germline by p-element-mediated transformation. expression of the e. coli genes w ... | 1988 | 2975615 |
| the drosophila egf receptor gene homolog: conservation of both hormone binding and kinase domains. | chicken v-erb probe was used to isolate a unique clone of drosophila melanogaster dna. it maps by in situ hybridization to position 57f on chromosome 2. a complete nucleotide sequence of the coding region has been obtained. the putative drosophila egf receptor protein is similar in overall organization to the human homolog. it shows three distinct domains: an extracellular putative egf binding domain, a hydrophobic transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. the overall amino acid hom ... | 1985 | 2982499 |
| developmental expression of nuclear genes that encode mitochondrial proteins: insect cytochromes c. | to investigate tissue-specific developmental regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, we studied the expression of the manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm moth) thoracic muscle cytochrome c gene during adult eclosion and used this information to obtain a cdna clone for this gene, which in turn was used to isolate the corresponding drosophila melanogaster gene. over the 3 days prior to adult manduca emergence, mitochondrial inner membranes become progressively more electron dense and lamellar, and, wh ... | 1985 | 2984675 |
| queuosine modification of the wobble base in trnahis influences 'in vivo' decoding properties. | the 'in vivo' decoding properties of four trnahis isoacceptors, two from drosophila melanogaster and two from brewer's yeast, were studied after their microinjection, along with turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv) coat protein mrna, into xenopus laevis oocytes. the two drosophila isoacceptors are identical besides containing either a guanosine (g) or the hypermodified nucleoside queuosine (q) in the wobble position. the brewer's yeast isoacceptors differ by four bases in the anticodon stem, and by ... | 1985 | 2988936 |
| molecular cloning of alpha-amylase genes from drosophila melanogaster. ii. clone organization and verification. | restriction maps of an alpha-amylase structural gene clone, lambda dm65, and of four putative alpha-amylase pseudogene clones are presented. two alpha-amylase structural genes, inverted with respect to each other, are contained in lambda dm65. subregions of internal dna sequence homology within lambda dm65 and of cross-homology between the presumptive pseudogene clones and lambda dm65 were determined. subregions of cross-homology between the drosophila clones and the mouse alpha-amylase cdna clo ... | 1985 | 2989084 |
| sequence rearrangements and genome instability. a possible step in carcinogenesis. | a substantial part of the mammalian genome is composed of sequences that do not contain structural genes. these sequences may constitute the major target for physical, chemical and biological dna-damaging agents and can be involved in carcinogenesis. dna-damaging agents contribute to the instability of the genome by introducing recombination-prone sites at dna; these agents lead to extensive chromosomal lesions and rearrangements of genes and their regulatory sequences. movable sequences that ex ... | 1985 | 2989295 |
| developmental changes in expression of the drosophila melanogaster epidermal growth factor receptor gene. | a drosophila gene homologous to the human egf receptor gene has recently been isolated and sequenced. two transcripts, 7.6- and 7.1-kb long, encoded by this gene were identified in drosophila melanogaster. the transcripts are present at low abundance in the maternal rna stored in unfertilized eggs and in 2-hr-old embryos. the abundance of both transcripts increases sharply between 2 and 5 hr after egg deposition, it remains high throughout embryogenesis, and decreases again in the larval and pup ... | 1985 | 2991047 |
| structure of the eukaryotic transcription apparatus: features of the gene for the largest subunit of drosophila rna polymerase ii. | the drosophila melanogaster rpii215 locus encodes the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii. we have now mapped the 7 kb transcript of the locus and have determined that it contains four exons and three introns. by sequencing 2582 nucleotides from the promoter-proximal end of the rpii215 locus, we have precisely mapped the start site of transcription and the splice sites of the first intron. segments of the amino acid sequence predicted by the only long open reading frame of the rpii215 gene tran ... | 1985 | 2992806 |
| the primary structure of the rrna insertions of plasmodium lophurae. | the dna sequences of the novel insertion in the 17s rrna gene and the large insertion in the 25s rrna gene in the cloned rdna unit of the avian malaria parasite plasmodium lophurae are presented, together with a partial sequence of the flanking regions, which code for the mature rrna. the homology of the mature rrna coding regions with the rrna sequences of other eukaryotic organisms is extensive, indicating that the plasmodium rrna is structurally similar to other eukaryotes. sequence data also ... | 1985 | 2993883 |
| identification of a sequence element in the promoter of the drosophila melanogaster hsp23 gene that is required for its heat activation. | the expression of drosophila melanogaster hsp23-escherichia coli beta-galactosidase hybrid genes containing different segments of the 5' non-transcribed sequence of the hsp23 gene has been examined at the rna and protein levels in xenopus oocytes. transcription of the hybrid genes is initiated correctly. mutant genes with hsp23 gene promoter segments of at least 140 bp in length are strongly heat-activated while genes with shorter promoter segments are expressed constitutively and at low levels. ... | 1985 | 2998770 |
| high frequency germline acquisition of ecotropic mulv proviruses in swr/j-rf/j hybrid mice. | rf/j mice carry three endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia proviruses designated emv-1, emv-16, and emv-17. two of these proviruses, emv-16 and emv-17, are tightly linked and segregate with the high viremia phenotype in backcrossed mice. during the derivation of an swr/j strain congenic for emv-16 and emv-17, we found that many of the progeny derived from female virus carriers acquired new germline ecotropic proviruses. additional genetic crosses suggested that these proviruses are acquired earl ... | 1985 | 3000616 |
| a human gene family with sequence homology to drosophila melanogaster hsp70 heat shock genes. | a growing literature describes the structure and regulation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic heat shock genes. we here report the isolation of several members of a human heat shock protein 70 (hsp 70) multigene family which contains at least 10 different genes and/or pseudogenes exhibiting sequence homology to the hsp70 gene of drosophila melanogaster. eight nonoverlapping recombinant lambda phages from a lambda-charon4a human genomic library were studied by restriction mapping. one lambda clone wa ... | 1986 | 3001086 |
| expression of the major heat shock gene of drosophila melanogaster in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a copy of the gene which encodes the major heat shock protein (hsp70) of d. melanogaster was integrated in both orientations into the genome of s. cerevisiae at the leu2 locus. the level of transcript from the d. melanogaster gene was measured under both normal conditions and conditions which are known to give rise to the heat shock response in s. cerevisiae. in both orientations the d. melanogaster gene gave rise to an abundant transcript in uninduced cells. the level of this transcript was inc ... | 1986 | 3010243 |
| a calcium binding protein from drosophila melanogaster which activates camp phosphodiesterase: comparison of this protein with porcine brain calmodulin. | a calcium binding protein from drosophila melanogaster has been isolated and characterized. this protein shows several analogies with pig brain calmodulin in its molecular weight, isoelectric point, peptide maps, calcium binding properties, and ability to activate cyclic amp phosphodiesterase. however, some differences were observed; the most remarkable one is the presence of tryptophan, an amino acid which is absent from all the calmodulins analyzed previously. | 1986 | 3010874 |
| multiple forms and cellular localization of drosophila dna topoisomerase ii. | purified type ii topoisomerase from drosophila melanogaster embryos was reported earlier to contain a major polypeptide of 166,000 daltons and several smaller peptides between 132,000 and 145,000 daltons (shelton, e. r., osheroff, n. and brutlag, d. l. (1983) j. biol. chem. 258, 9530-9535). using purified topoisomerase ii we have raised antibodies against the 132,000-166,000-dalton cluster of polypeptides. in this paper we demonstrate that at least three of these polypeptides are also present in ... | 1986 | 3011806 |
| human cellular sequences detectable with adenovirus probes. i. evidence for novel repeat sequences and a possible e1a-like cellular "gene". | previous studies suggesting homology between human cellular dna and the dnas from adenovirus types 2 and 5 are extended in the present paper. a clone (chadh), isolated from a human genomic dna library using an adenovirus probe, hybridized to discrete regions of adenovirus 2 dna, including part of the transforming genes e1a and e1b, as well as to repeated sequences within human dna. the e1a and e1b genes both hybridize to the same 300 base pair sau3ai fragment within chadh although there is no ob ... | 1986 | 3015506 |
| characterization and expression of collagen-like genes in drosophila melanogaster. | we have used a cloned chicken collagen cdna sequence to help identify hypothetic members of the collagen gene family from drosophila melanogaster. several experimental evidences have been obtained which indicate that the drosophila genome contains numerous collagen-like sequences. we have characterized in more detail ten distinct dna sequences that hybridized strongly to the heterologous collagen probe. by in situ hybridization we have shown that these sequences are dispersed throughout the dros ... | 1986 | 3017484 |
| characterization of the myosin light-chain-2 gene of drosophila melanogaster. | recombinant dna clones encoding the drosophila melanogaster homolog of the vertebrate myosin light-chain-2 (mlc-2) gene have been isolated. this single-copy gene maps to the chromosomal locus 99e. the nucleotide sequence was determined for a 3.4-kilobase genomic fragment containing the gene and for two mlc-2 cdna clones generated from late pupal mrna. comparison of these sequences shows that the gene contains two introns, the positions of which are conserved in the corresponding rat sequence. ex ... | 1985 | 3018498 |
| myosin light-chain 1 and 3 gene has two structurally distinct and differentially regulated promoters evolving at different rates. | dna fragments located 10 kilobases apart in the genome and containing, respectively, the first myosin light chain 1 (mlc1f) and the first myosin light chain 3 (mlc3f) specific exon of the rat myosin light chain 1 and 3 gene, together with several hundred base pairs of upstream flanking sequences, have been shown in runoff in vitro transcription assays to direct initiation of transcription at the cap sites of mlc1f and mlc3f mrnas used in vivo. these results establish the presence of two separate ... | 1985 | 3018505 |
| behavior of a drosophila melanogaster transposable element in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the drosophila melanogaster transposable element 412 is transiently unstable in saccharomyces cerevisiae when present on a freely replicating plasmid. the 412 element undergoes recombination to form two circular molecules, a 412 deletion plasmid and, presumably, a 412 circle. the 412 deletion plasmid contains a single long terminal repeat which most likely is the result of homologous recombination within the long terminal repeats. this recombination occurs at or shortly after transformation and ... | 1985 | 3018518 |
| a cloned fragment of hela dna containing consensus sequences of satellite ii and iii dna hybridizes with the drosophila p-element and with the 1.8 kb family of human kpni fragments. | we have cloned a repetitive ecori fragment from the human genome which displays weak homologies with the drosophila melanogaster transposable p-element. this cloned dna appeared not to be a mobile element but, instead, a divergent member of human satellite ii or iii dnas. we present here the first complete nucleotide sequence of a 1.797 kilobase pair (kb) satellite-like dna. moreover, this ecori satellite monomer contains a unique sequence of 49 basepairs (bp) that is devoid of the satellite con ... | 1986 | 3021224 |
| molecular organization of the rudimentary gene of drosophila melanogaster. | we have determined the molecular structure of the rudimentary gene of drosophila melanogaster. the transcription unit, which extends over 14,000 bases, is split into seven exons and six introns. sequences presenting homologies with a tata box and a cat box are located upstream from the transcription initiation site, and there is a consensus polyadenylation signal in the vicinity of the 3' end of the messenger rna coding sequence. short intronic sequences fit well with consensus signals found in ... | 1986 | 3023623 |
| the drosophila melanogaster gypsy transposable element encodes putative gene products homologous to retroviral proteins. | we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the gypsy element present at the forked locus of drosophila melanogaster in the f1 allele. the gypsy element shares more homology with vertebrate retroviruses than with the copia element of d. melanogaster or the ty element of saccharomyces cerevisiae, both in overall organization and at the dna sequence level. this transposable element is 7,469 base pairs long and encodes three putative protein products. the long terminal repeats are 482 nucleot ... | 1986 | 3023871 |
| molecular cloning of suppressor of sable, a drosophila melanogaster transposon-mediated suppressor. | a hybrid dysgenesis-induced allele [su(s)w20] associated with a p-element insertion was used to clone sequences from the su(s) region of drosophila melanogaster by means of the transposon-tagging technique. cloned sequences were used to probe restriction enzyme-digested dnas from 22 other su(s) mutations. none of three x-ray-induced or six ethyl methanesulfonate-induced su(s) mutations possessed detectable variation. seven spontaneous, four hybrid dysgenesis-induced, and two dna transformation-i ... | 1986 | 3023894 |
| a consensus sequence polymer inhibits in vivo expression of heat shock genes. | promoter function for hsp70 gene expression in drosophila melanogaster was studied with an in vivo competition assay. a polymer of 40 tandem copies of the pair of regulatory elements of the hsp70 gene was constructed and cloned into a plasmid vector. various marked genes were cotransfected with the polymer plasmid into schneider line 2 cells, and their expression was determined by enzyme activity measurements. the polymer dramatically inhibited expression of cotransfected hsp70, hsp26, and hsp83 ... | 1986 | 3023967 |
| 1731, a new retrotransposon with hormone modulated expression. | we report here the characterisation of 1731, a new copia-like element of drosophila melanogaster. 1731 was first isolated in a screening for ecdysterone modulated genes. this element is about 4.6 kb long and is flanked by two long terminal repeats (ltrs) 336 base pairs in length. the whole 1731 element is transcribed into polya+ rnas, and these transcripts decrease rapidly upon hormonal treatment. 1731 is moderately repeated in the fly genome and slightly amplified in kc/cells where extrachromos ... | 1986 | 3024127 |
| escherichia coli dnak null mutants are inviable at high temperature. | dnak, a major escherichia coli heat shock protein, is homologous to major heat shock proteins (hsp70s) of drosophila melanogaster and humans. null mutations of the dnak gene, both insertions and a deletion, were constructed in vitro and substituted for dnak+ in the e. coli genome by homologous recombination in a recb recc sbcb strain. cells carrying these dnak null mutations grew slowly at low temperatures (30 and 37 degrees c) and could not form colonies at a high temperature (42 degrees c); fu ... | 1987 | 3025174 |
| isolation and characterization of the gene for myosin light chain two of drosophila melanogaster. | a recombinant lambda-phage dna clone containing drosophila melanogaster sequences encoding the gene for myosin light chain (mlc) two has been isolated from a library of randomly sheared dna. the drosophila mlc2 gene is located in region 99e1-3 on the right arm of chromosome 3, several bands removed from the site reported for the other myosin light chain gene at 98b. the mlc2 sequence at 99e1-3 appears to encode all of the isoforms of drosophila mlc2. the polypeptide encoded at 99e was identified ... | 1987 | 3025224 |
| characterization of a supercoil-dependent s1 sensitive site 5' to the drosophila melanogaster hsp 26 gene. | we have analyzed the prominent supercoil-dependent s1 nuclease cleavage site 5' to hsp 26 in the plasmid 88b13, which contains 11.7 kilobases from the drosophila locus 67b1. the double stranded cleavage product is generated by initial nicking on the purine strand, six preferred sites occurring between positions -96 and -90 (relative to the start of transcription) with weaker ones extending to position -84, followed by cleavage on the pyrimidine strand at positions -86 and -84. a derivative of 88 ... | 1986 | 3025814 |
| binding and activity of bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin to invertebrate cells. | fluorescein isothiocyanate was used as a label to detect delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis and israelensis in binding studies with different in vitro cell systems. protoxin of the subspecies thuringiensis could be labelled directly whereas the activated toxin had to be traced indirectly with labelled antibodies. both protoxin and activated toxin bound to primary midgut cell cultures of pieris brassicae larvae as well as to cells of an established culture of drosophil ... | 1986 | 3028295 |
| the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter is a strong promoter in cultured drosophila melanogaster cells. | | 1987 | 3031595 |
| [accuracy of insertion of the drosophila melanogaster mobile element mdg1 into the cytologically detected "hot spot" of its localization]. | | 1987 | 3032550 |
| transfer of drosophila melanogaster transponsable genetic element mdg-4 into plant cells. | the copia-like element mdg-4, as a component of the drosophila genomic fragment dm111, was cloned into the vector pib16. the chimaeric plasmid pib16 [dm111] was used to transform tobacco cells as a cointegrate with ptic58 (agrobacterium tumefaciens), ptic58::pib16 [dm111]. the growth properties of primary crown-gall tumours were followed, and the dna of one nicotiana tabacum transformant was further analysed. the dna/dna molecular hybridization of digests of genomic dna with 32p-labelled pdm111 ... | 1987 | 3032699 |
| a latitudinal cline in p-m gonadal dysgenesis potential in australian drosophila melanogaster populations. | | 1987 | 3032742 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus in drosophila melanogaster cells: lack of leader rna transport into the nuclei and frequent abortion of the replication step. | in cultured drosophila melanogaster cells, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) establishes a persistent, noncytopathic infection. no inhibition of host macromolecular synthesis occurs. we studied the synthesis of vsv plus-strand leader rna, which may be directly involved in vertebrate host synthesis shut-off. leader rna accumulated in drosophila cell cytoplasm, but in low amounts, it was either free or associated to structures larger than the leader rna-n protein complexes found in vertebrate cells ... | 1987 | 3033267 |
| [transposition of mobile dispersed genes (mdg) after substitution of various chromosome pairs in inbred drosophila melanogaster strains]. | transpositions of mdg-1, mdg-3 and copia were detected as a result of crosses of the inbred maladaptive la stock with laboratory stocks, in order to construct the genomes carrying different combinations of the la or non-la chromosomal pairs. changes of the mobile gene distributions were revealed in chromosomes of hybrid genotypes, as compared to parental chromosomal pairs. a trivial source of variability of chromosomal molecular structure ensured by crossing over was excluded by inversions which ... | 1987 | 3034722 |
| the calmodulin gene of drosophila melanogaster. | | 1987 | 3035324 |
| isolation of a mouse heat-shock gene (hsp68) by recombinational screening. | we have used cloned fragments from a drosophila melanogaster hsp70 gene and a mouse hsp68 cdna in recombinational screens of mouse genomic libraries. using the mouse probe we have isolated two overlapping recombinant lambda phages comprising 22 kb of cloned dna. southern analysis has localized the homology with the drosophila hsp70 coding region to a 2.2-kb fragment containing the mouse heat-shock gene. insertion accompanying recombinational screening can disrupt interesting sequences; we have o ... | 1987 | 3036653 |
| erp99, an abundant, conserved glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum, is homologous to the 90-kda heat shock protein (hsp90) and the 94-kda glucose regulated protein (grp94). | we have isolated an expressible full-length cdna clone encoding murine erp99, an abundant, conserved transmembrane glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. erp99 is synthesized as a 92,475-kda precursor containing 802 amino acids. it possesses a signal peptide of 21 amino acids which is cleaved cotranslationally. analysis of the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cdna clone led us to propose a model for the orientation of erp99 in the endoplasmic reticulum ... | 1987 | 3036833 |
| unstable visible mutations induced in drosophila melanogaster by injections of oncogenic virus dna into the polar plasm of early embryos. | when rsv dna cloned in pbr 322 or dna of simian adenovirus sa7 (c8) is injected into the pole plasm of embryos of various drosophila stocks, the progeny of 1-70% of the surviving flies display visible mutations. the mutagenesis is partially directed: the loci mutating due to retrovirus and adenovirus dna do not overlap. the majority of resulting mutants are characterised by high instability: reversions and new mutations occur in them, which sometimes spread over the whole population ("explosive" ... | 1987 | 3037277 |
| transcriptional regulation of an hsp70 heat shock gene in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae contains three heat-inducible hsp70 genes. we have characterized the promoter region of the hsp70 heat shock gene yg100, that also displays a basal level of expression. deletion of the distal region of the promoter resulted in an 80% drop in the basal level of expression without affecting expression after heat shock. progressive-deletion analysis suggested that sequences necessary for heat-inducible expression are more proximal, within 233 base pairs of the ini ... | 1987 | 3037338 |
| molecular cloning of dna complementary to drosophila melanogaster alpha-amylase mrna. | several lambda clones containing cdnas from drosophila melanogaster were identified in a lambda cdna bank using two different approaches: (i) cross-species hybridization using a mouse amylase cdna probe, and (ii) probing with a differential probe, generated from drosophila rna. an amylase cdna fragment was used, in turn, for the isolation and characterization of amylase genomic clones. the size of the drosophila amylase mrna was estimated at 1650 b. this is comparable with the size of the murine ... | 1987 | 3038675 |
| stable integration and expression of a bacterial gene in the mosquito anopheles gambiae. | foreign dna was successfully introduced into the germline of the african mosquito vector of malaria anopheles gambiae. stable integration of genes into the germlines of insects had been achieved previously only in drosophila melanogaster and related species and required the use of the p element transposon. in these experiments with anopheles gambiae, the plasmid puchsneo was used, which contains the selectable marker neo gene flanked by p element inverted repeats. mosquitoes injected with this p ... | 1987 | 3039658 |
| analysis of the promoter of the ninae opsin gene in drosophila melanogaster. | we have analyzed the cis-acting regulatory sequences of the ninae gene. this gene encodes the major drosophila melanogaster opsin, the protein component of the primary chromophore of photo-receptor cells r1-r6 of the adult eye. dna fragments containing the start point of transcription of the ninae gene were fused to either the escherichia coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase or lacz (beta-galactosidase) gene and introduced into the drosophila germline by p-element-mediated transformation. expr ... | 1987 | 3040524 |
| isolation, sequencing, and disruption of the cka1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of yeast casein kinase ii. | casein kinase ii of saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two distinct catalytic subunits, alpha and alpha', which must be encoded by separate genes (r. padmanabha and c. v. c. glover, j. biol. chem. 262:1829-1835, 1987). the gene encoding the 42-kilodalton alpha subunit has been isolated by screening a yeast genomic library with oligonucleotide probes synthesized on the basis of the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the polypeptide. this gene (designated cka1) contains an intron-free open reading f ... | 1988 | 3062376 |