| the effect of sodium ions on the excystment of hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids. | | 1994 | 8050754 |
| 1h nmr study of metabolic alterations in the small intestine of rats infected with hymenolepis diminuta. | 1h nmr spectra of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum tissues of the small intestine of a rat showed metabolic gradients. 2. the concentrations of metabolites in these gut regions were altered by the presence of the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta. 3. in the infected duodenum there was significantly less glycogen, glucose and phosphocreatine/creatine, but significantly more lactate than in the corresponding controls. 4. infected jejunum contained significantly less betaine but significantly more succi ... | 1993 | 8288027 |
| molecular modeling: a tool for predicting anthelmintic activity in vivo. | the structural and electronic features of the broad-spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic mebendazole [mbz, methyl 5-(benzoyl)-benzimidazole-2-carbamate] have been determined using a combination of quantum mechanics, molecular graphics, and molecular modeling techniques. using conformational analyses and quantum mechanics, we found that the three-dimensional structure and electronic features of mbz were consistent with those previously reported for highly active broad-spectrum benzimidazole anthel ... | 1993 | 8415561 |
| in vitro poly-(adp-ribosyl)ation of chromatin proteins in the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | 1. (adp-ribose)-transferase activity in crude chromatin of h. diminuta was demonstrated. 2. chromatin proteins were adp-ribosylated in vitro and selectively extracted. 60, 12 and 18% of the (adp-ribose)n of chromatin proteins was associated with total histones, histone h1 and histone h2b, respectively. 3. the extent of oligo-(adp-ribose) compared to total (adp-ribose)n in the chromatin fraction, in the histone fraction, the histone h1 fraction and the histone h2b fraction was 45, 60, 26 and 49%, ... | 1993 | 8472538 |
| temporal changes in glucose and carbohydrate metabolism in the oncospheres of the cyclophyllidean tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | when incubated in vitro for 24 h, oncospheres of hymenolepis diminuta absorb and metabolize radioactive glucose. between 0 and 12 h post-activation, oncospheres absorb glucose, but glucose is neither metabolized into other carbohydrates nor incorporated into the ethanol-precipitable fraction (which would contain glycogen). between 12 and 24 h post-activation glucose is incorporated into a number of higher molecular weight carbohydrates that are demonstrable in ethanol extracts of the larvae, as ... | 1993 | 8488067 |
| evidence for a g protein system in the tegumental brush border plasma membrane of hymenolepis diminuta. | guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (g proteins) mediate the transduction of signals from cell-surface receptors to intracellular effector enzymes. g protein alpha-subunits are routinely identified (and partially characterized) on the basis of their susceptibility to nad(+)-dependent adp-ribosylation nad(+)-dependent adp-ribosylation catalysed by cholera and/or pertussis toxins. analysis of purified tegumental brush border plasma membrane from hymenolepis diminuta by relevant methodol ... | 1993 | 8496011 |
| helminths in rattus norvegicus captured in chunchon, korea. | we report helminthic infections in the liver and intestine of rattus norvegicus captured in chunchon, korea from april to october, 1994. out of 43 examined rats, eggs of capillaria hepatica were found in 11, hymenolepis diminuta in 14 and taenia taeniaeformis metacestodes in 28. those rats can be sources of zoonotic infections in the surveyed area. | 1995 | 8528632 |
| praziquantel treatment normalizes intestinal myoelectric alterations associated with hymenolepis diminuta-infected rats. | hymenolepis diminuta-associated alterations in rat intestinal myoelectric patterns are abolished following therapeutic administration of the anthelmintic praziquantel (pzq). host intestinal smooth muscle myoelectric patterns, reflecting smooth muscle contractility and intestinal phasic motility, were recorded using in vivo serosal electrodes, surgically implanted on the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. repeated electromyographic recording from unrestrained and unanesthetized rats began 5 days after ... | 1995 | 8544075 |
| increased coprophagic activity of the beetle, tenebrio molitor, on feces containing eggs of the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | when provided with fecal pellets from uninfected (control) rats and rats infected with the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta, more fed and starved (72 h) female and starved male tenebrio molitor fed on fecal pellets from infected- than from control rats; compared to fecal pellets from controls rats, fed males avoided the infective fecal pellets. uninfective and infective fecal pellets had similar moisture contents, so increased coprophagic activity was not due to differences in moisture content. fed ... | 1995 | 8557464 |
| hymenolepis diminuta and h. microstoma: uptake of cyclosporin a and drug binding to parasite cyclophilins. | cyclosporin a (csa) acts as a powerful immunosuppressant through its binding to the cytosolic isomerase, cyclophilin (cyp), forming a complex which inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin. the drug is also selectively anti-parasitic but its mode of action remains unknown. the mouse tapeworm, hymenolepis microstoma is sensitive to csa, but the rat tapeworm, h. diminuta is not susceptible either in rats, mice or in vitro. using these two tapeworm models, the uptake and binding of csa were ... | 1995 | 8559592 |
| [hereditary character of feature variability in hymenolepis diminuta bred from oncospheres of defined origin]. | three groups of tapeworms obtained 2.5 month after the administration to rats of a dose of 6 cysticercoids proceeding from oncospheres of the 24th generation of hymenolepis diminuta were compared. group i came from the oncospheres of only one proglottid of h. diminuta wms "strain" tapeworm. group ii proceeded from 6 proglottids obtained each from another tapeworm of this "strain". group iii came from 6 proglottids, each from another tapeworm of h. diminuta wms inbred line 1 (il1). the average nu ... | 1996 | 8755150 |
| [stimulation of morphological changes in tapeworms from inbred hymenolepis diminuta--wms il1]. | the investigations focused on tapeworms obtained as a result of the administration to individual rats a dose of 6 cysticercoids coming from the 39th and 40th generation of one-specimen inbred hymenolepis diminuta-wms il1. in 7.5-month old tapeworms the position of genital pores (pgp) was exclusively right-hand side with the genital ducts typical of this feature. type op3a proglottids were the most common deviation from the typical number and topography of testes-1p2a (one testis between the ovar ... | 1995 | 8834504 |
| [taenia sp and other intestinal cestode infections in individuals from public outpatient clinics and hospitals from the northern section of santiago, chile (1985-1994)]. | during 1985-1994 period, 70,642 parasitological stool examinations were performed. the exam was made to each patient which presenting gastrointestinal symptoms or nutritional problems, specially in children. 59,960 out of the 70,642 examinations corresponded to 1 month--15 years old children, 4,280 to 16-30 years old individuals and 6.402 to up to 30 years old adults. the infection rates (x 100,000) were: taenia sp., 86; hymenolepis nana, 1,165; diphyllobotrium sp., 4 and hymenolepis diminuta, 1 ... | 1995 | 8762672 |
| a nmr study of parasitized tenebrio molitor and hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids. | in vivo nmr spectra of uninfected and hymenolepis diminuta-infected tenebrio molitor fed d-(1-13c)glucose showed that infected beetles of both sexes had a significantly higher ratio for (glycogen c1/lipid (ch2)n) than the corresponding controls. quantitative metabolic profiles and the per cent 13c-label in metabolites, based on nmr of perchloric acid extracts, are presented for control and infected beetles fed d-(1-13c)glucose and for h. diminuta cysticercoids. female beetles, both control and i ... | 1996 | 8894762 |
| no nerves in a tapeworm. nadph-diaphorase histochemistry in adult hymenolepis diminuta. | the free radical nitric oxide (no), which is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (nos), has recently been discovered to function as a neuronal messenger. the presence of nos was detected in the nervous system of adult hymenolepis diminuta with nadph-diaphorase (nadph-d) histochemistry. the nadph-d histochemical reaction is regarded as a selective marker for nos in neuronal tissue. nadph-d staining was observed in nerve fibres in the main and minor nerve cords and the transverse ring commissures ... | 1996 | 8939052 |
| anthelmintic usage of extracts of embelia schimperi from tanzania. | embelia schimperi vatke, belonging to the family myrsinaceae, is used among the traditional masai people of tanzania and kenya since it is believed to eliminate adult taenia saginata, the beef tapeworm. in the present study, the anthelmintic effect of an extract of the dried fruits of embelia schimperi was studied in experimental parasite/rodent models. in two experiments, rats with 10 adult tapeworms of hymenolepis diminuta were treated with a diammonium salt of embelin (de), isolated from the ... | 1996 | 8778505 |
| cestocidal activity of acacia auriculiformis. | the cestocidal activity of acacia auriculiformis was evaluated using rats each harbouring a single adult worm of hymenolepis diminuta. the ethanol extract (300 mg/kg/day) and the saponins (200 mg/kg/day) obtained from the funicles of a. auriculiformis, were administered orally to two groups each of 10 rats, respectively, on day 20 after oral inoculation with a single cysticercoid of h. diminuta. adult worms were expelled within 5 days from rats treated with the ethanol extract and within 3 days ... | 1996 | 8960214 |
| hymenolepsis diminuta: mucosal mastocytosis and intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy occur in tapeworm-infected rats. | the mechanisms mediating motility changes during noninvasive tapeworm infection have not been characterized. in contrast, host intestinal motility changes during invasive nematode infection are mediated by mucosal mast cells (mmc). the purpose of this study was to examine and the correlate onset of myoelectric alterations 8 days after initial tapeworm infection with changes in intestinal morphology, mmc numbers, and mmc secretory activity. segments of the small intestine, the tapeworms normal ha ... | 1998 | 9603494 |
| the stimulatory effect of l-glutamate and related agents on inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production in the cestode hymenolepis diminuta. | the effects of l-glutamate, acetylcholine, and serotonin (5ht) were examined on generation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate [ins(1,4,5)p3], in membrane preparations of the cestode hymenolepis diminuta. only l-glutamate and acetylcholine stimulated a significant elevation in ins(1,4,5)p3. the response to l-glutamate was stereospecific; d-glutamate or l-aspartate were not as potent. a role for g-protein(s) was supported by the observations that sodium fluoride stimulated ins(1,4,5)p3 generation, and ... | 1996 | 8697199 |
| predictability of morphological gradients in the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | the strobila of an adult tapeworm represents a continual gradient of developmental stages from immature to gravid proglottids. the purpose of this study was to determine if organogenesis (as measured by the developmental gradient) in tapeworms within a single host and among different hosts occurred at the same rates. rats were infected with hymenolepis diminuta and the tapeworms were recovered 20 days post-infection. the total number of proglottids in each worm was determined, and five 'benchmar ... | 1998 | 9639902 |
| characterization of tissue water in tribolium confusum parasitized by metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta. | | 1998 | 9647708 |
| a serine proteinase in the penetration glands of the hexacanths of hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda, cyclophyllidea). | histochemically demonstrable activity of a serine proteinase was detected in the penetration glands of hymenolepis diminuta hexacanths. at the optimal ph of 8.4 the enzyme hydrolyzed n-blocked l-aminoacyl- and n-blocked l-peptidyl-naphthylamides bearing l-arginine at the p1 subsite. the proteinase did not require either ca2+ or mg2+ for its activity and was insensitive to 1 mm egta and 1 mm edta. organic fluorophosphates inhibited it, whereas thiol-blocking compounds did not. at operative ph val ... | 1996 | 8825448 |
| worm burden and mucosal mast cell response in da and f344/n rat strains infected with hymenolepis diminuta. | after oral administration of 1 or 5 cysticercoids of hymenolepis diminuta, 5-week-old da male rats showed significant mastocytosis. in f344/n rats, however, neither mastocytosis nor worm loss occurred during a 6 week infection. with regard to mucosal mast cell response to infection with h. diminuta, da rats can be looked on as high responders and f344/n rats as low responders. | 1994 | 8026910 |
| strongyloides stercoralis and other enteroparasites in children at uberlândia city, state of minas gerais, brazil. | to evaluate the rate of infection by strongyloides stercoralis and other enteroparasites a survey was conducted in the city of uberlândia, state of minas gerais, brazil. a total of 900 stool samples from 300 children aging from four months to seven years, randomly selected in ten nursery schools from september 1994 to december 1995, were examined, both by the baermann-moraes and lutz methods. thirty nine children (13%) were found to be infected by s. stercoralis, 64.1% were boys and 35.9% were g ... | 1998 | 9698885 |
| [parasitic infections among wild rats from two areas of kaohsiung]. | wild rats including four strains were captured for examination of parasitic infections. the numbers were 101 from areas of kaohsiung harbor and 98 from areas of kaohsiung airport. most of the examined wild rats were rattus norvegicus and second most were suncus murinus. the infection rates of intestinal helminths in rats of both areas did not display any significant difference. the overall infection rate was 29.6%. the infection rate was highest in r. norvegicus and the most frequently found par ... | 1996 | 8709181 |
| gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the black rat (rattus rattus) in abeokuta, southwest nigeria. | a survey of 612 black rats, rattus rattus (282 mates and 330 females), for infections with helminth parasites was carried out in abeokuta, in southwest nigeria. three hundred and ninety six (64.7%) were infected with one or more of seven species of helminths comprising three cestodes (hymenolepis diminuta, taenia taeniaeformis (cyst) and raillietina sp.) three nematodes (mastophorus muris, trichuris muris and syphacia sp.) and one acanthocephalan (moniliformis moniliformis). although the prevale ... | 1997 | 9705679 |
| hymenolepis diminuta: metacestode-induced reduction in the synthesis of the yolk protein, vitellogenin, in the fat body of tenebrio molitor. | vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body has been monitored using in vitro culture and immunoprecipitation. this system was found to be efficient for measuring vitellogenin production in both non-infected tenebrio molitor and those infected with hymenolepis diminuta. in fat bodies from infected beetles, vitellogenin production was decreased by up to 75% (day 24 post-infection) and, at all times investigated, vitellogenin synthesis was significantly below control levels (days 3-30 post-infection). ... | 1996 | 8984450 |
| ultrastructure of the gravid uterus of hymenolepis diminuta (platyhelminthes: cestoda). | the fine structure of the uterus in gravid proglottids of hymenolepis diminuta was examined by standard techniques for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. the uterus consisted of a syncytial uterine epithelium attached to the medullary parenchyma through a thin extracellular basal matrix. the epithelium contained prominent nuclei in the juxtalumenal cytoplasm. the cytoplasm was dominated by extensive granular endoplasmic reticulum, with dilated cisternae containing an electron-lucent ... | 1993 | 8331479 |
| the effects of changes in the definitive host environment on the metabolism of hymenolepis diminuta during growth and maturation. | flexibility in the metabolism of hymenolepis diminuta is associated with changing intrinsic requirements during maturation but is also influenced by extrinsic factors, that is, by the nature of the host environment. end-products of carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme activities in worm extracts were used as indicators of metabolic regulation in h. diminuta recovered at various times postinfection. the predominant end-product from 6-day-old worms is lactate, generated by cytosolic glycolysis. as t ... | 1993 | 8468137 |
| hymenolepis diminuta: catalysis of transmembrane proton translocation by mitochondrial nadph-->nad transhydrogenase. | the mitochondrial, inner-membrane-associated, reversible nadph-->nad transhydrogenase of adult hymenolepis diminuta physiologically couples matrix-localized, nadp-specific "malic" enzyme with nadh-dependent anaerobic electron transport. employing submitochondrial particles (smp) as the source of enzyme activity and both spectrophotometric and fluorometric assessments, the present study made evident that in its catalysis of transhydrogenation between nadph and nad, the cestode enzyme engages in t ... | 1999 | 9920042 |
| detection of gastrointestinal nematodes by a coproantigen capture elisa. | an assay is described for the quantitative detection of excretory/secretory antigens liberated by the intestinal nematode heligmosomoides polygyrus and voided in the host's faeces. a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to the antigens detected them in a dose-dependent manner and was sufficiently sensitive to recognise infection in mice carrying a mean worm burden of nine worms. the assay was specific, giving higher optical density readings with the faeces of mice infected with h polygyrus than with faec ... | 1996 | 8745247 |
| contamination of soil with parasite eggs in surabaya, indonesia. | soil was examined for contamination by parasite eggs in surabaya indonesia. surveys were carried out on three occassion; july, 1993 (dry season), march, 1994 (rainy season), and august, 1994 (dry season). throughout the study, five species of nematode eggs (ascaris lumbricoides, toxocara cati, trichuris trichiura, physaloptera sp, capillaria sp), two species of cestode eggs (hymenolepis diminuta, spirometra erinacei), and one species of protozoa oocyst (isospora felis) were detected. the contami ... | 1995 | 9139385 |
| hymenolepis diminuta: glucose and glycogen gradients in the adult tapeworm. | adult (20-day-old) hymenolepis diminuta were cut into 12 pieces of equal length, and the individual pieces of the tapeworm's strobila were analyzed. there was a continuous gradient of decreasing concentrations of glucose (mm) and decreasing levels of glycogen (microgram/mg wt) in the strobila. the ethanol extracts of the individual pieces of strobila contained four compounds tentatively identified as disaccharides; the distributions of these compounds were different from those of glucose and gly ... | 1999 | 10092475 |
| preliminary biochemical characterization of faeces from uninfected rats and rats infected with the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | faecal pellets were collected from uninfected rats and rats infected with hymenolepis diminuta, and analysed for caloric value, lipids, carbohydrates, glucose, amino acids, and proteins. faeces from infected rats contained significantly more lipid and less carbohydrate and glucose than faeces from control rats. the total free amino acid content of faeces from infected and control rats did not differ, but there were significant differences in the amounts of individual free amino acids. the data s ... | 1997 | 9166437 |
| impairment of the chemical defence of the beetle, tenebrio molitor, by metacestodes (cysticeroids) of the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | the defensive glands of beetles, tenebrio molitor, infected with metacestodes (cysticercoids) of hymenolepis diminuta are everted less frequently upon stimulation, and contain less toluquinone (methylbenzoquinone) and m-cresol, than glands of uninfected controls. these differences, as shown in predation trials with wild rats, increase the likelihood that both cysticercoids and beetles will be ingested by the tapeworm's definitive host. this is the first documented case of a parasite inhibiting t ... | 1997 | 9226958 |
| [multiple and recurrent infection in a child with the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta]. | | 1996 | 9229938 |
| tapeworms morphological changeability in the chain of hymenolepis diminuta wms "strain" generations. | the investigations covered 54 subsequent generations of hymenolepis diminuta wms "strain" obtained through the administration of 6 cysticercoids of tapeworm to wistar strain rats and wag alb. rats. the number of tapeworms at 2.5 months after the infection of rats ranged from 3 to 6, on the average 5.2. taking into consideration the most important type 1p2a (one testis on the poral side and two testes on the aporal side), 0p3a, 1p3a and 2p1a proglottids a significant differences was found in the ... | 1997 | 9259609 |
| effect of tunicamycin on the uptake and incorporation of galactose in hymenolepis diminuta. | the effects of tunicamycin (tm) on the uptake and incorporation of tritiated galactose into the tegumental membrane and carcass from adult hymenolepis diminuta were examined to assess the potential usefulness of this inhibitor for studying the function of the tapeworm surface glycocalyx. hymenolepis diminuta adults (11 days old) were preincubated for 1 hr, pulsed for 30 min with [3h]galactose and [14c]leucine, and chased for 2 hr; replicate experiments were conducted in which all media contained ... | 1997 | 9267392 |
| the role of wild rats as a reservoir of some internal parasites in qalyobia governorate. | a total of one hundred and seventy two rats were trapped from different localities, rattus norvegicus and rattus r. alexandrinus. the overall infection-rate was 54% (93 out 172 rats). the infection rates of identified parasites were 28% cestodes (23.8% hymenolepis diminuta and 7% cysticercus fasciolaris), 8% acanthocephala species (moniliformis moniliformis) and 7% nematodes (strongyloides species). on the other hand, 40.7% were infected with protozoa (22.7% cryptosporidium parvum, 20.3% c. muri ... | 1999 | 10605500 |
| tapeworm infection decreases intestinal transit and enteric aerobic bacterial populations. | intestinal myoelectric patterns in rats are altered after chronic luminal infection with the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta. this study evaluates whether these altered patterns were associated with changes in intestinal fluid transit and endogenous enteric microbe levels. luminal transit, measured throughout the small intestine during the interdigestive state, was significantly decreased during tapeworm infection. reduced transit was regional, occurring in the same location as that of the tapewor ... | 1997 | 9277428 |
| cytokine production during infection with hymenolepis diminuta in balb/c mice. | levels of the cytokines ifn-gamma, il-2, il-3, il-4 and il-5 were monitored in cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes (mln) of balb/c mice infected with hymenolepis diminuta after stimulation in vitro with con-a. infection was associated with an increased production of il-3, il-4 and il-5 and a low production of ifn-gamma, indicating the preferential activation of a th2 response. it is suggested that this reflects the purely lumenal development of this worm. the results are discussed in relation ... | 1997 | 9279590 |
| interactions between rat c-reactive protein and adult hymenolepis diminuta. | interactions between adult hymenolepis diminuta and rat c-reactive protein (crp) were investigated in vivo and in vitro. using an elisa technique, serum levels of crp were monitored in rats infected with 100 cysticercoids. although infection increased the level of this protein in the early stages of parasitization, the increase was not significant until 35 days post-infection (p.i.). secondary infections did not enhance the response. when h. diminuta was cultured in the presence of crp, reduced ... | 1997 | 9300467 |
| schistosoma japonicum in the black rat, rattus rattus mindanensis, from leyte, philippines in relation to oncomelania snail colonies with reference to other endoparasites. | this study examined the prevalence of schistosoma japonicum infections in field rats, rattus rattus mindanensis, according to different trapping locations. between october 1995 and january 1996, traps were set in the municipality of palo, leyte, philippines to determine the correlation of rats infected with schistosomiasis to the proximity of the intermediate snail host, oncomelania hupensis quadrasi, colonies. of the 22 rats that were caught within a snail colony, 21 (95.5%) were positive for s ... | 1999 | 10774707 |
| phylogenetic relationships of three hymenolepidid species inferred from nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial dna sequences. | three hymenolepidid tapeworms, hymenolepis diminuta, h. nana and h. microstoma, are commonly maintained in laboratory rodents and used in many experimental model systems of tapeworm infections. we examined partial sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (co1) gene and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) sequences to infer phylogenetic relationships of the 3 hymenolepidid species. parts of the co1 gene and its2 were amplified by pcr and sequenced directl ... | 1997 | 9488878 |
| membrane fluidity on the surface of hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda): immunological implications. | regional differences of hymenolepis diminuta to immune lysis have been investigated by monitoring surface membrane fluidity utilizing fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (frap). although the surface membrane of the newly excysted stage was completely immobile the molecular fluidity of the strobila membrane of 4-day-old parasites was greater than that associated with the scolex-neck region. significant differences (p > 0.001) occurred in the mobility of the strobila membrane of 4-day-old h ... | 1997 | 9488879 |
| novel benzamil-sensitive sodium-independent choline transport in the cestode hymenolepis diminuta: evidence for sodium channels uptake at low ph. | the uptake of choline by the tegument of hymenolepis diminuta was investigated. the q10 at ph 7.0 was 1.7, with an ea of 90 kj.mol-1. choline transport was ph sensitive: at ph 5.0, a na(+)-independent mechanism predominated, which was inhibited by 100 nm benzamil, 130 mm na+, and 300 microm verapamil. at ph 7.0, the na(+)-independent mechanism was inhibited by 130 mm na+, amiloride, and eipa with ic50's of 130 microm and 30 microm, respectively, and by benzamil with ic50's of 100 pm (high-potenc ... | 1997 | 9505427 |
| [parasitic helminths from sigmodon hispidus (rodentia: cricetidae) from seasonal and evergreen habitats in costa rica]. | the helminthological fauna of the cotton rat, sigmodon hispidus in a tropical environment varies according to habitat and feeding behavior. six species of nematodes (longistriata adunca, trichostrongylus sigmodontis, strongyloides sigmodontis, litomosoides carinii, monodontus sp. and protospirura sp.) and two species of cestodes (hymenolepis diminuta and raillietina sp.) were found in rats from extensive dry lands in guanacaste where hot temperatures and heterogeneous diet are the rule. only two ... | 2000 | 11021315 |
| the effect of metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta on the bean-shaped accessory glands in male tenebrio molitor. | metacestodes of hymenolepis diminuta affect several aspects of female reproductive physiology in tenebrio molitor and such effects are mediated via the endocrine system. the effects on male reproduction are less well known and were studied with respect to the bean-shaped accessory glands (bags). the size and wet and dry weight of bags from infected and uninfected beetles were compared and rose to a plateau from 0-6 days post-emergence in uninfected beetles but in infected individuals continued t ... | 1998 | 9509029 |
| [the effect of anthelmintics on the serotonin content of cestodes]. | the effects of some anthelminthic agents, such as praziquantel, fenasal, albendazole, on the levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the tissues of hymenolepis diminuta cestodes and mesocestoides corti tetrathyridia were examined in vivo and in vitro. the finding showed lower serotonin levels in h.diminuta after praziquantel and albendazole and in m. corti after fenasal. it is suggested that the serotonin neurotransmitter system of helminths is involved in the mechanism of action of these ag ... | 1998 | 9608201 |
| human infection with hymenolepis diminuta: case report from spain. | we report a case of hymenolepis diminuta infection in a human. the patient was a 5-year-old girl referred to us through the onset of a cyanotic attack. treatment with a single dose (10 mg/kg of body weight) of praziquantel was ineffective, but the parasite was eradicated after three treatment cycles with the same drug at dosages of 25 mg/kg/day for 5 days. | 1998 | 9666029 |
| parasite manipulation of insect reproduction: who benefits? | host fertility is often curtailed as a result of parasitic infection. the hypothesis that this may confer an adaptive advantage upon the symbionts if nutrients are directed from reproduction and made available for host/parasite maintenance is explored. the suggestion is made that an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of fecundity reduction may shed light upon the evolutionary implications of this strategy for both parasite and host. to illustrate this the down-regulat ... | 1998 | 9695106 |
| the enigmatic eosinophil: investigation of the biological role of eosinophils in parasitic helminth infection. | in many helminth infected hosts the number of eosinophils increases dramatically, often without any concurrent increases in the number of other leukocytes, so that eosinophils become the dominant cell type. many experimental investigations have shown that the eosinophilia is induced by interleukin-5 (il-5) but its functional significance remains unclear. mice genetically deficient in il-5 (il-5-/-) have been used to evaluate the functional consequences of the il-5 dependent eosinophilia in helmi ... | 1997 | 9698920 |
| hymenolepis diminuta fractions but not previous tapeworm infection stimulate intestinal myoelectric alterations in vivo in the rat. | infection of rats with the enteric, lumen-dwelling tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta causes electric changes in host intestinal smooth muscle and decreased luminal transit. the mechanisms that stimulate host intestinal alterations during this nontissue invasive infection may include the tapeworm's biomass, its diurnal migratory behavior, a host immune-mediated response, or direct parasite stimulation of host motor activity. in vivo intestinal myoelectric activity was monitored to evaluate the follow ... | 1998 | 9714192 |
| rapid purification and characterization of l-dopachrome-methyl ester tautomerase (macrophage-migration-inhibitory factor) from trichinella spiralis, trichuris muris and brugia pahangi. | macrophage-migration-inhibition factor (mif) is an essential stimulator of mammalian t-lymphocyte-dependent adaptive immunity, hence mif orthologues might be expressed by infectious organisms as an immunosubversive stratagem. since mif actively catalyses the tautomerization of the methyl ester of l-dopachrome (using dopachrome tautomerase), the occurrence of mif orthologues in several parasitic helminths was investigated by assaying and characterizing such activity. evidence of mif orthologues ( ... | 1998 | 9794786 |
| a parasite that increases host lifespan. | tenebrio molitor is an intermediate host for the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. parasite oncospheres hatch in the beetle midgut and burrow through into the haemocoel, where they rapidly grow and mature into metacestodes. repair of damage incurred during invasion and the nutritional demands of the parasites are likely to impose costs on the host. despite these costs, there is an overall very highly significant difference in survival time (p < 0.001) between infected and control populations o ... | 2001 | 11506690 |
| hymenolepis diminuta: mitochondrial nadh --> nad transhydrogenation and the lipoamide dehydrogenase system. | the occurrence of nadh --> nad transhydrogenation and lipoamide dehydrogenase activities was demonstrated for cysticercoids of the intestinal cestode, hymenolepis diminuta. in addition, both activities were catalyzed by the mitochondria of 6-, 10-, and 14-day h. diminuta and by the mitochondria from immature, mature, and pregravid/gravid regions of the adult cestode. a developmentally related increase in nadh --> nad activity was suggested and the levels of both activities in the immature region ... | 1997 | 9030666 |
| haemolymph from female beetles infected with hymenolepis diminuta metacestodes retards the development of ovarian follicles in recipient tenebrio molitor (coleoptera). | infection with developing metacestodes of the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, is known to retard the accumulation of the yolk protein, vitellin, in the terminal ovarian follicles of the intermediate host, tenebrio molitor. it is probable that this is the result of competitive inhibition of juvenile hormone binding at a microsomal binding site in the beetle follicular epithelium. experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that inhibitor molecules were circulating in the haemolymph of in ... | 1997 | 9051923 |
| [sludge anaerobic treatment and its efficiency in reducing the viability of helminth eggs]. | this study evaluates the prevalence and viability of helminth eggs and protozoan cysts in sludge obtained by anaerobic treatment in four treatment stations in curitiba, parana state, brazil. the parasites observed were helminths: ascaris sp (85%), toxocara sp (5.5%), trichuris sp (4.5%), hymenolepis diminuta (3.7%), h. nana (1%) and taenia sp (0.4%), protozoan: isospora sp, entamoeba coli, entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, endolimax nana. in biological treatment based on the anaerobic dige ... | 2001 | 11600907 |
| [detection of transmissible forms of enteroparasites in water and vegetables consumed at schools in sorocaba, são paulo state, brazil]. | water and raw vegetables consumed in ten nursery schools were evaluated for the presence of transmissible forms of enteroparasites. the water was submitted to filtration through membranes. the washed membrane water was submitted to the faust method. the in natura and washed vegetables were washed and the water analyzed by the sedimentation method. contamination was not detected in one school; in two schools, all the materials were contaminated; in four schools, two items were contaminated and in ... | 2001 | 11600915 |
| uridine phosphorylase from hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda): kinetics and inhibition by pyrimidine nucleoside analogs. | a single pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase was found in the cytoplasmic extract from hymenolepis diminuta. this enzyme preferentially cleaves uridine and, to a much lesser extent, thymidine. its presence directly indicates the existence of pyrimidine nucleoside salvage pathway in this parasite. detailed kinetic studies in the phosphorolytic and synthetic direction pointed to the sequential mechanism of these reactions. for phosphorolysis, kurd = 33 microm and kp = 806 microm. for synthesis of ... | 1996 | 9104511 |
| hymenolepis diminuta infestation in a child. | | 1998 | 10093431 |
| mucosal mast cell responses and release of mast cell protease-i in infections of mice with hymenolepis diminuta and h. microstoma: modulation by cyclosporin a. | the dynamics of intestinal mucosal mast cells and the major mucosal mast cell protease were followed during the course of laboratory infections of mice with hymenolepis diminuta and h. microstoma. the effects of the drug cyclosporin a (csa), which is both immunosuppressive and selectively anthelmintic depending upon dose regime, were determined. in h. diminuta infections worm expulsion occurred around day 9 and coincided with peak mastocytosis and peak mmcp-i concentrations in tissues and serum. ... | 1999 | 10205795 |
| complete mitochondrial genomes confirm the distinctiveness of the horse-dog and sheep-dog strains of echinococcus granulosus. | unlike other members of the genus, echinococcus granulosus is known to exhibit considerable levels of variation in biology, physiology and molecular genetics. indeed, some of the taxa regarded as 'genotypes' within e. granulosus might be sufficiently distinct as to merit specific status. here, complete mitochondrial genomes are presented of 2 genotypes of e. granulosus (g1-sheep-dog strain: g4-horse-dog strain) and of another taeniid cestode, taenia crassiceps. these genomes are characterized an ... | 2002 | 11811807 |
| beetle-to-beetle transmission and dispersal of hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda) eggs via the feces of tenebrio molitor. | when grain beetles (tenebrio molitor) were fed eggs of hymenolepis diminuta, many of the eggs passed intact through the beetles' intestines, and eggs were present in the beetles' feces for at least 48 hr after feeding. when uninfected t. molitor were fed beetle feces containing h. diminuta eggs, they became infected. tenebrio molitor were fed on h. diminuta eggs and then placed in fresh bran for 48 hr. when uninfected t. molitor were placed in this bran, they became infected. thus, feces from be ... | 1999 | 10219328 |
| partial characterization of a tapeworm-secreted signal factor inducing sustained spike potentials in the smooth muscle of the rat small intestine. | the rat tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta alters the myoelectric activity of the small intestine. to determine if secreted factors from the tapeworm are responsible for these alterations of intestinal smooth muscle activity, tapeworm-conditioned medium (tcm) obtained from in vitro culture was infused via an indwelling cannula into the duodenum of an uninfected rat. myoelectric recordings were analyzed for sustained spike potentials (ssp) and repetitive bursts of action potentials (rbap), the previou ... | 2002 | 12053990 |
| [establishment of hymenolepis diminuta-animal model and morphology of cysticercoid]. | to observe the morphological changes in the process of the development of hymenolepis diminuta. | 1998 | 12078201 |
| metabolic transition in the development of hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda). | cysticercoids as well as 6-, 10-, and 14-day hymenolepis diminuta were evaluated in terms of enzymatic activities related to phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) utilization and mitochondrial succinate accumulation. the data obtained support a transition toward anaerobic electron-transport-dependent succinate accumulation, characteristic of adult h. diminuta, with development from cysticercoid to adult. this transition was reflected most prominently in the increasing activities of pep carboxykinase (pepck) ... | 1998 | 9797060 |
| evidence that the factor used by the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, to direct the foraging of its intermediate host, tribolium confusum, is a volatile attractant. | we have previously demonstrated that flour beetles, tribolium confusum, are more attracted to the feces from rats with patent hymenolepis diminuta infections than to feces from uninfected rats. the objective of this study was to determine if this effect is due to a volatile attractant. volatile substances emitted by feces from h. diminuta-infected rats or from uninfected controls were collected by aspirating fresh rat feces, while trapping the volatiles on porapak q (a solid adsorbant). the vola ... | 1998 | 9920296 |
| immunology and biochemistry of hymenolepis diminuta. | this review is an account of modern research into the immunology and biochemistry of the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. the first half of the review is devoted to the immunological responses of the host to the parasite. it describes the specific responses that occur when the host is exposed to a primary infection, and the changes that occur when further infections are superimposed on the primary one. the aquisition of immunity to the tapeworm and its persistence in the absence of the infect ... | 1999 | 10050274 |
| the spatial and temporal concentrations of choline in the lumen contents of the small intestine of uninfected and hymenolepis diminuta infected rats. | the spatial and temporal concentrations of free choline in the lumen of the small intestine of the uninfected and hymenolepis diminuta-infected rat were investigated. in the unfed infected or uninfected rat, the choline concentrations ranged from approximately 500 microm in the duodenum to approximately 20 microm in the posterior ileum, with some segments in infected rats containing significantly higher choline levels than in uninfected rats. following feeding, choline levels were significantly ... | 1998 | 10400494 |
| hymenolepis diminuta: praziquantel removal of adult tapeworms is followed by apoptotic down-regulation of mucosal mastocytosis. | the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, induces mastocytosis, hypertrophy of enteric smooth muscle, alteration of enteric myoelectric activity, and slowed enteric transit of the rat host's intestine. this report examines the resolution of both tapeworm-induced mastocytosis and tissue changes during the period following removal of the tapeworm with praziquantel (pzq). the dynamics of the mucosal mast cell (mmc) population following removal of the tapeworms was assessed by histochemical identifica ... | 1999 | 10403758 |
| parasites reduce attractiveness and reproductive success in male grain beetles. | sexual characters may reveal the quality of a potential mate, including the mate's level of infection with parasites. females that prefer males with low levels of infection or no infection may benefit in several ways. direct benefits may include avoidance of infection, acquistition of larger nuptial gifts or enhancement in fecundity due to differences in male fertility. females may also benefit indirectly by producing offspring that are more resistant to infections. we measured female preference ... | 2000 | 10715176 |
| a radiometric analysis of nitric oxide synthase activity in hymenolepis diminuta. | the free radical nitric oxide (no) is a neuronal messenger which is synthesized from l-arginine and o2 by nitric oxide synthase (nos). in the synthesis no and l-citrulline are produced in a stoichiometric 1:1 relation. the activity of nos was analysed in homogenates of the rat tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta by measuring the formation of l-[3h]citrulline after incubation with l-[3h]arginine. the nature of nos in h. diminuta was determined by studying the effect of 3 types of nos inhibitors: (1) l- ... | 2000 | 10726270 |
| predation of beetles (tenebrio molitor) infected with tapeworms (hymenolepis diminuta): a note of caution for the manipulation hypothesis. | previous laboratory studies have indicated that tenebrionid beetles infected with hymenolepis diminuta display behavioural alterations. these are assumed to increase the likelihood of this intermediate host being predated by the rattus sp. definitive host, and hence provide support for the manipulation hypothesis. we tested this hypothesis by both assessing beetle behaviour and predation rates in semi-naturalistic environments. behavioural assays showed that infected beetles were more often expo ... | 2000 | 10759089 |
| preference of female rats for the odours of non-parasitised males: the smell of good genes? | many animals obtain reliable information about potential mates, including whether they are parasitised or not, mostly from olfactory cues in urine. previous experiments with rodents have shown that females can detect parasites in males that are potentially transmissible during copulation, so that females can directly avoid infection by discriminating against parasitised males. here, using choice tests, we examine whether female rats can distinguish males infected with the tapeworm hymenolepis di ... | 2000 | 10833009 |
| vitellocytes and vitellogenesis in cestodes in relation to embryonic development, egg production and life cycle. | vitellocytes have two important functions in cestode embryogenesis: (1) formation of hard egg-shell (e.g. pseudophyllidea) or a delicate capsule (e.g. cyclophyllidea), and (2) supplying nutritive reserves for the developing embryos. during evolution any of these two functions can be reduced or intensified in different taxa depending on the type of their embryonic development, degree of ovoviviparity and life cycles. within the cestoda, there are three monozoic taxa with only one set of genital o ... | 2000 | 10899525 |
| allometric growth of the proglottids and strobila of the tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta. | hymenolepis diminuta: adults were killed and fixed in fully extended positions, and the total lengths of the strobilae, numbers of proglottids, and distances of proglottids along the strobilae were determined. the relationship of proglottid number to distance along the strobila was exponential. beginning at proglottid 100 (p100), the lengths and widths of proglottids at 100 proglottid intervals were determined, and the surfaces areas were calculated. the relationships of proglottid length and wi ... | 2000 | 10953227 |
| immunoglobulin e and mast cell responses are related to worm biomass but not expulsion of hymenolepis diminuta during low dose infection in rats. | it is well known that the destrobilation and later expulsion are characteristics of multiple hymenolepis diminuta infections in rats. this process is suggested to be mediated by a variety of host cellular responses. it has also been suggested that immunoglobulin (ig) e may have a beneficial role for some cestodes including h. diminuta. we examined the intestinal mast cell and serum ige responses to a 10-h. diminuta infection in three different rat strains. tapeworm infection induced no increased ... | 2000 | 11116436 |
| a new diagnostic tool for neurocysticercosis is a member of a cestode specific hydrophobic ligand binding protein family. | a protein of unknown function has been identified as a key serological tool for diagnosis of human tapeworm neurocysticercosis, a major worldwide neurological disease. our own sequence analysis predicts that this protein is a member of a newly identified cestode specific oligomeric hydrophobic ligand binding protein family. in this report, using a rat cestode model, we confirm that homologues of this protein can bind fatty acids and their derivatives, and thus suggest a biological function for t ... | 2000 | 11150505 |
| a novel na+/hco3--codependent choline transporter in the syncytial epithelium of the cestode hymenolepis diminuta. | absorption of exogenous choline by the cestode hymenolepis diminuta was found to be both na+- and hco3--dependent and, at ph 6 to 7, accounted for up to 65% of the total choline uptake. na+/hco3- dependent choline uptake was activated at approximately 6 mm hco3- (ec50 approximately 9 mm), and, above 100 mm na+, the rate of uptake was directly proportional to the na+ concentration. atempts to uncouple na+-dependent uptake from hco3--dependent uptake were not successful: k+-depolarization was with ... | 1998 | 11249002 |
| anthelmintic screening of zimbabwean plants traditionally used against schistosomiasis. | extracts of 23 plant species used popularly against schistosomiasis in zimbabwe were screened for their anthelmintic effect. schistosomules of the trematode schistosoma mansoni and cysticercoids of the cestode hymenolepis diminuta were studied in vitro. the material consisted of 58 plant extracts, of which 37 killed the newly excysted cysticercoids within an hour, when incubated in a culture medium. lethal concentrations varied from 0.8 to 103 mg/ml. all plant extracts showed activity against th ... | 2001 | 11274827 |
| complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta: gene arrangements indicate that platyhelminths are eutrochozoans. | using "long-pcr," we amplified in overlapping fragments the complete mitochondrial genome of the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta (platyhelminthes: cestoda) and determined its 13,900-nt sequence. the gene content is the same as that typically found for animal mitochondrial dna (mtdna) except that atp8 appears to be lacking, a condition found previously for several other animals. despite the small size of this mtdna, there are two large noncoding regions, one of which contains 13 repeats of a 31-nt ... | 2001 | 11319256 |
| biochemical characterisation of a hydrophobic ligand binding protein from the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta. | the cestode hymenolepis diminuta contains an abundant, cytoplasmic, hydrophobic ligand, binding protein (h-hlbp). studies with polarity sensitive probes suggest a single hydrophobic binding site, the results also indicate that the single tryptophan in the molecule (trp41) is involved in ligand binding. of the possible physiological ligands tested, only haematin and retinoids (retinol and retinoic acid) show appreciable binding in addition to fatty acids. h-hlbp also binds a range of anthelmintic ... | 2001 | 11336745 |
| tapeworm infection reduces epithelial ion transport abnormalities in murine dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. | the rat tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta was used to test the hypothesis that helminth infection could modulate murine colitis. mice were infected with five h. diminuta cysticercoids, and colitis was evoked via free access to 4% (wt/vol) dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-containing drinking water for 5 days. balb/c mice were either infected with h. diminuta and 7 days later exposed to dss (prophylactic strategy) or started on dss and infected with h. diminuta 48 h later (treatment strategy). naive and h ... | 2001 | 11401981 |
| effect of surgical alteration of the rat gastrointestinal tract on the growth and development of hymenolepis diminuta. | eight groups of rats were used to study the involvement of the enteric (ens) and central (cns) nervous systems in the development of hymenolepis diminuta using surgical intestinal transection, or cns denervation, or both procedures. the transection procedure was used to isolate the ens of the small intestine from either orad and/or caudal portions of the alimentary system, while the cns denervation was used to eliminate direct visceral efferent inputs from the cns. nine days after the surgical p ... | 2001 | 11534632 |
| intestinal regrowth is amplified after jejunal but not ileal resection during tapeworm infection in the rat. | the ileum possesses functions required by a healthy individual that are not fully supplanted by the duodenum or jejunum. evidence suggests that the ileum may also be necessary to maintain an enteric parasite-host interaction. we hypothesized that the ileum is essential to the survival of the lumen-dwelling, rat tapeworm, h. diminuta. male rats were divided into three groups: those with ileal or jejunal resections and nonresected controls. half of each rat group was infected with the tapeworm. af ... | 2001 | 11575453 |
| ileal mucosal mast cell, eosinophil, and goblet cell populations during hymenolepis diminuta infection of the rat. | the population dynamics in the enteric connective tissues of eosinophils, mucosal mast cells (mmc), and in the mucosal epithelium of goblet cells were examined morphometrically in fixed ileal tissue of outbred sprague dawley rats during the first 32 days of infection with the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta. mmc and eosinophils were present in the lamina propria and submucosa; however, only eosinophils were also present in the muscularis externa. eosinophilic infiltrate was first observed in the l ... | 2001 | 11695409 |
| myoelectric response of the small intestine to the orad presence of the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta. | during its 24-hr migratory cycle in the small intestine, hymenolepis diminuta is located in the orad part of the small intestine during the early morning hours and then in the caudad part of the small intestine during the late afternoon and early evening. during the later period, tapeworm-induced alterations of interdigestive myoelectric activity, a correlate of smooth muscle contraction or intestinal motility, are most intense in the ileal region. the hypothesis tested was that the tapeworm-ind ... | 2001 | 11780807 |
| modulation of caudal intestinal permeability in the rat during infection by the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta. | bidirectional movement of solutes between the intestinal lumen and systemic circulation is restricted by tissue barriers that may be altered under conditions such as intestinal infection. in a study using an in vitro everted sac preparation to assess small intestinal permeability in a lumen-to-serosa direction, 51cr-edta movement was compared regionally in the jejunum and ileum of rats infected and uninfected by tapeworms. whereas jejunal segments showed no significant differences in permeabilit ... | 2001 | 11780808 |
| monospecific helminth and arthropod infections in an urban population of brown rats from doha, qatar. | parasitic infections were studied for the first time in an urban population of brown rats (rattus norvegicus) from doha. only one species of helminth was found, the cestode hymenolepis diminuta, and one ectoparasite, the flea xenopsylla astia, from a sample size of 136 rats (52 males and 84 females). the prevalence of h. diminuta was 17.6%, increasing with host age but not in relation to host sex nor season of capture. host age was a key factor in influencing abundance of infection, although the ... | 2001 | 11818046 |
| effects of concurrent infections on hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda) and moniliformis dubius (acanthocephala). i. general effects and comparison with crowding. 1961. | hymenolepis diminuta developing in the presence of moniliformis dubius are lighter, shorter, have a lower average weight:length ratio, and are limited to the posterior part of the intra-intestinal range they occupy in single infections. m. dubius in the concurrent infections are lighter, possibly shorter, have a lower average weight:length ratio, and tend to attach further anterior than in single infections. no effects were noted on the percent recovery of either helminth. highly significant reg ... | 2002 | 12099408 |
| sulfamide antifolates inhibiting thymidylate synthase: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity. | synthesis and biological evaluation are described of seven new analogues (3-9) of two potent thymidylate synthase inhibitors, 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (1) and its 2-methyl-2-deamino congener ici 198583 (2). while the new compunds 3 and 4 were analogues of 1 and 2, respectively, containing a p-aminobenzenesulfonyl residue in place of the p-aminobenzoic acid residue, the remaining 5 new compounds were analogues of 4 with the l-glutamic acid residue replaced by glycine (5), l-valine (6), l-al ... | 2002 | 12362982 |
| experimental studies on the lead accumulation in the cestode hymenolepis diminuta and its final host, rattus norvegicus. | it recently became clear that acanthocephalans parasitizing mammals can bioconcentrate several heavy metals to conspicuously higher concentrations than the tissues of their definitive hosts. as cestodes are more abundant in terrestrial animals than acanthocephalans, and thus potentially more useful in attempts toward passive as well as active biomonitoring, a very common tapeworm and its synanthropic mammalian host were selected for the present study. the tapeworm hymenolepis diminuta and experi ... | 2002 | 12463683 |
| binding of hydrophobic ligands by pseudomonas aeruginosa pa-i lectin. | the ability of pseudomonas aeruginosa pa-i lectin to bind the fluorescent hydrophobic probe, 2-(p-toluidinyl) naphthalene sulfonic acid (tns), and adenine was examined by spectrofluorametry and equilibrium dialysis. interaction of tns with pa-i caused significant enhancement of tns fluorescence. the hill coefficient (3.8+/-0.3) and the dissociation constant (8.7+/-0.16 microm) showed that tns probably bound to four high affinity hydrophobic sites per pa-i tetramer. interactions between pa-i and ... | 2003 | 12527119 |
| effects of glutathione on kinetics and structural properties of amphibian bbgstp1-1. | effects of glutathione on the kinetics and structural properties of bbgstp1-1 were investigated. the liganded state bbgstp1-1 acquires the capacity to bind the hydrophobic molecules more avidly. thus, gsh-binding produces significant conformational changes on bbgstp1-1 which are transmitted to the hydrophobic binding site. fluorescent experiments carried out with glutathione-analog s-methylglutathione suggest that the -sh group of tripeptide is essential for triggering protein conformational cha ... | 2003 | 12565703 |
| hymenolepis pseudodiminuta tenora et al. 1994 from apodemus speciosus and h. diminuta: a comparison of experimental infections in rats. | the successful maintenance of hymenolepis pseudodiminuta, isolated from apodemus speciosus, is described for the first time. in the laboratory, the flour beetle, tribolium confusum, and f344 rats could serve as intermediate and definitive hosts, respectively. in single worm infections with h. pseudodiminuta, which were carried in two groups of rats, adult worms were recovered from eight and seven out of ten rats, respectively, while hymenolepis diminuta was found in all of ten rats 6 weeks after ... | 2003 | 12632167 |
| the embryonic development of the bodywall and nervous system of the cestode flatworm hymenolepis diminuta. | cestodes (tapeworms) are a derived, parasitic clade of the phylum platyhelminthes (flatworms). the cestode body wall represents an adaptation to its endoparasitic lifestyle. the epidermis forms a non-ciliated syncytium, and both muscular and nervous system are reduced. morphological differences between cestodes and free-living flatworms become apparent already during early embryogenesis. cestodes have a complex life cycle that begins with an infectious larva, called the oncosphere. in regard to ... | 2003 | 12658450 |
| stat-6 is an absolute requirement for murine rejection of hymenolepis diminuta. | infection with helminth parasites typically evokes a t helper 2-cell response in the mammalian host. interleukin (il)-4 and il-13 are important in the rapid expulsion of parasitic nematodes, with the absence of either cytokine being compensated for by the other. however, the il-4 and il-13 common signaling molecule, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (stat-6) appears to be mandatory for the spontaneous expulsion of enteric helminths. mice genetically deficient in il-4, il-13, or ... | 2003 | 12659328 |
| no nerves and their targets in a tapeworm: an immunocytochemical study of cgmp in hymenolepis diminuta. | we studied the pattern of cgmp immunostaining (is) after stimulation with a nitric oxide donor in the presence of an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase in adult hymenolepis diminuta. cgmp-is was detected in the peripheral nervous system, especially in nerve fibres close to the body muscle fibres. cgmp-is also occurred in terminals beneath the basal lamina of the tegument and between the muscle fibres of the suckers. the pattern of cgmp-is was compared to that of 5-ht-is and gyirfamide-is. tritc-conj ... | 2003 | 12756551 |
| the interplay between patency, microsomal na(+)/k(+) atpase activity and juvenile hormone, in tenebrio molitor parasitized by hymenolepsis diminuta. | beetles infected with metacestodes of the rat tapeworm, hymenolepis diminuta, exhibit reduced fecundity, due to alterations in vitellogenesis. follicle cell patency is retarded and inefficient vitellogenin uptake ensues. here, we have reassessed patency and its stimulation by jh iii at day 3 post-infection, when the most detrimental changes are observed in other ovarian processes. in rhodnius prolixus, patency is believed to be brought about by the action of a jh-dependent membrane-bound na(+)/k ... | 1997 | 12769895 |