| evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of leaves of solanum melongena linn. in experimental animals. | aqueous extract of leaves of solanum melongena linn was investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity. | 2015 | 25738003 |
| simple sequence repeat-based association analysis of fruit traits in eggplant (solanum melongena). | association mapping based on linkage disequilibrium (ld) provides a promising tool to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) in plant resources. a total of 141 eggplant (solanum melongena l.) accessions were selected to detect simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers associated with nine fruit traits. population structure analysis was performed with 105 ssr markers, which revealed that two subgroups were present in this population. ld analysis exhibited an extensive long-range ld of approximately 1 ... | 2013 | 24301934 |
| from introduced american weed to cape verde islands endemic: the case of solanum rigidum lam. (solanaceae, solanum subgenus leptostemonum). | a solanum species long considered an american introduction to the cape verde islands off the west coast of africa is identified as solanum rigidum, a member of the eggplant clade of old world spiny solanums (solanum subgenus leptostemonum) and is probably endemic to the cape verde islands. collections of this species from the caribbean are likely to have been introduced from the cape verde islands on slave ships. we discuss the complex nomenclatural history of this plant and provide a detailed d ... | 2013 | 24198710 |
| purification, identification and preliminary crystallographic studies of an allergenic protein from solanum melongena. | solanum melongena (eggplant), a member of the solanaceae family, is a widely cultivated vegetable crop and is commonly used as a food throughout the world. allergic reactions caused by members of this family are well known. however, mechanistic analyses to understand their molecular basis have not been adequately explored. in order to address this issue, the 7s vicilin protein (sm80.1) of size 45 kda was purified from seeds of s. melongena by ammonium sulfate fractionation and size-exclusion chr ... | 2015 | 25664800 |
| activity-guided purification identifies lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpene, as a therapeutic agent multiple pathogenic factors of acne. | acne vulgaris is a nearly universal cutaneous disease characterized by multifactorial pathogenic processes. because current acne medications have various side effects, investigating new pharmacologically active molecules is important for treating acne. as natural products generally provide various classes of relatively safe compounds with medicinal potentials, we performed activity-guided purification after a series of screenings from the extracts of five medicinal plants to explore alternative ... | 2015 | 25647437 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of wild/weedy eggplant (solanum insanum, solanaceae) in southern india: implications for conservation. | • | 2015 | 25587156 |
| the potential for crop to wild hybridization in eggplant (solanum melongena; solanaceae) in southern india. | • | 2015 | 25587155 |
| eggplant (solanum melongena l.) polyphenol oxidase multi-gene family: a phylogenetic evaluation. | polyphenol oxidases (ppos) in different solanum species including eggplant have been studied. ppos have been implicated in undesirable enzymatic browning of eggplant fruit and also in plant defense. the main objective of this study was to identify and accelerate the further functional characterization of additional eggplant ppos that are involved in food biochemistry and defense-related functions. eggplant ppos identified earlier were used in "basic local alignment search tool (blast)" search ag ... | 2015 | 28324357 |
| the initial uridine of primary pirnas does not create the tenth adenine that is the hallmark of secondary pirnas. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) silence transposons in animal germ cells. piwi proteins bind and amplify pirnas via the "ping-pong" pathway. because piwi proteins cleave rnas between target nucleotides t10 and t11-the nucleotides paired to pirna guide positions g10 and g11-the first ten nucleotides of pirnas participating in the ping-pong amplification cycle are complementary. drosophila pirnas bound to the piwi protein aubergine typically begin with uridine (1u), while pirnas bound to argonaute3 ... | 2014 | 25453759 |
| on risk and regulation: bt crops in india. | genetic engineering in agriculture raises contentious politics unknown in other applications of molecular technology. controversy originated and persists for inter-related reasons; these are not primarily, as frequently assumed, differences over scientific findings, but rather about the relationship of science to 'risk.' first, there are inevitably differences in how to interpret 'risk' in situations in which there are no established findings of specific hazard; 'knightian uncertainty' defines t ... | 2014 | 25437239 |
| insecticide residues in soil, water, and eggplant fruits and farmers' health effects due to exposure to pesticides. | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is an important vegetable crop that is widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical areas in asia. globally, the top three eggplant producers are china, india, and egypt. the philippines has been one of the top 10 eggplant-producing countries based on area planted and crop productivity. this study aims to describe the insecticide residues found in soil, water, and eggplant fruits in eggplant farms in sta. maria, pangasinan. | 2015 | 25413584 |
| effects of temperature on the development and population growth of the melon thrips, thrips palmi, on eggplant, solanum melongena. | the effects of temperature on the melon thrips, thrips palmi karny (thysanoptera: thripidae), preimaginal development, survival, fecundity, longevity of females and males, and population growth were investigated at 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, and 31° c, 70-80% rh, and a photoperiod of 12:12 l:d. the results indicated that the duration of egg, larval, and pupal stages was significantly influenced by increased temperature. the egg-to-adult developmental period of t. palmi declined from 35.7 to 9.6 days as ... | 2014 | 25373225 |
| effect of heat-treated noradrenaline on flowering in lemna. | in a previous study, heat-treated noradrenaline induced flowering of the short-day plant lemna paucicostata hegelmaier 151. in the present study, we found that heat-treated noradrenaline also had flower-inducing activity in short-day l. paucicostata strains 441 and 6746 and in long-day l. gibba strain g3. the flower-inducing activity in these plants was enhanced by water homogenates of eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | 2013 | 23832342 |
| eggplant fruit composition as affected by the cultivation environment and genetic constitution. | no comprehensive reports exist on the combined effects of season, cultivation environment and genotype on eggplant (solanum melongena) composition. we studied proximate composition, carbohydrates, total phenolics and vitamin c of eggplant fruits of three spanish landraces, three commercial hybrids and three hybrids between landraces cultivated across two environmental conditions (open field, of; and, greenhouse, gh) for up to four seasons. | 2014 | 25328929 |
| grafting influences phenolic profile and carpometric traits of fruits of greenhouse-grown eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | the influence of eggplant grafting on tomato rootstock was evaluated during the two growing seasons. yield, quality traits, and individual phenolics in fruits were assessed. three commercial varieties and one landrace were used as scions. grafting significantly increased eggplant yield and decreased the presence of calyx prickles. the effect of grafting on the accumulation of major phenolic constituents in eggplant fruit was inconsistent: in the year with less solar radiation and lower mean dail ... | 2014 | 25275825 |
| abiotically-induced plant morphological changes and host-range expansion in quarantine evaluations of candidate weed biocontrol agents: the case study conchyloctenia hybrida (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | plant morphological changes mediated by growth conditions are linked to changes in host preference of herbivores. understanding how these morphological changes influence herbivore feeding is critical in the interpretation of results of host evaluation of candidate weed biocontrol agents in quarantine and improvement of the evaluation system. we determined the effect of plant growth conditions on leaf trichomes and host choice of conchyloctenia hybrida boheman, an insect adapted to the removal of ... | 2014 | 25259692 |
| heterologous expression of arabidopsis c-repeat binding factor 3 (atcbf3) and cold-regulated 15a (atcor15a) enhanced chilling tolerance in transgenic eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | our study shows that the expression of atcbf3 and atcor15a improved the chilling tolerance in transgenic eggplant. in an attempt to improve chilling tolerance of eggplant (solanum melongena l) plants, arabidopsis c-repeat binding factor 3 (atcbf3) and cold-regulated 15a (atcor15a) genes both driven by an arabidopsis responsive to dessication 29a promoter (atrd29a) were transferred into the plants of eggplant cultivar sanyueqie. two independent homozygous transgenic lines were tested for their co ... | 2014 | 25103420 |
| anti-inflammatory lignanamides from the roots of solanum melongena l. | four new lignanamides, melongenamides a-d (1-4), together with six known ones (5-10), were isolated from the roots of solanum melongena l. their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr experiments and by comparison of their spectroscopic and physical data with the literature values. compounds 2-8 exhibited inhibitions of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced raw 264.7 macrophages with ic50 values ranging from 16.2 to 58.5 μm. | 2014 | 25068200 |
| the drosophila su(var)3-7 gene is required for oogenesis and female fertility, genetically interacts with piwi and aubergine, but impacts only weakly transposon silencing. | heterochromatin is made of repetitive sequences, mainly transposable elements (tes), the regulation of which is critical for genome stability. we have analyzed the role of the heterochromatin-associated su(var)3-7 protein in drosophila ovaries. we present evidences that su(var)3-7 is required for correct oogenesis and female fertility. it accumulates in heterochromatic domains of ovarian germline and somatic cells nuclei, where it co-localizes with hp1. homozygous mutant females display ovaries ... | 2014 | 24820312 |
| determination of carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in vegetable samples and the efficiency of gamma-radiation in their removal. | in the present study, the residual pesticide levels were determined in eggplants (solanum melongena) (n = 16), purchased from four different markets in dhaka, bangladesh. the carbamate and organophosphorus pesticide residual levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), and the efficiency of gamma radiation on pesticide removal in three different types of vegetables was also studied. many (50%) of the samples contained pesticides, and three samples had residual levels ... | 2014 | 24711991 |
| antioxidant activity and phenolic content of microwave-assisted solanum melongena extracts. | eggplant fruit is a very rich source of polyphenol compounds endowed with antioxidant properties. the aim of this study was to extract polyphenols from eggplant entire fruit, pulp, or skin, both fresh and dry, and compare results between conventional extraction and microwave-assisted extraction (mae). the effects of time exposure (15, 30, 60, and 90 min) and solvent (water 100% or ethanol/water 50%) were also evaluated. the highest amount of polyphenols was found in the extract obtained from dry ... | 2014 | 24683354 |
| anthocyanin accumulation and molecular analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis-associated genes in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is an edible fruit vegetable cultivated and consumed worldwide. the purple eggplant is more eye-catching and popular for the health-promoting anthocyanins contained in the fruit skin. two kinds of anthocyanin were separated and identified from purple cultivar (zi chang) by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. to investigate the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in eggplant, the transcripts of antho ... | 2014 | 24654563 |
| growth, yield and metal residues in solanum melongena grown in fly ash amended soils. | fly ash from chandrapura thermal power station, bokaro, jharkhand (india) was used for amending soil at levels 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 tons ha(-1) in which, brinjal (solanum melongena) was grown and elemental residues of amended soil and plant parts were enumerated. fly ash amendments caused significant improvement in soil quality, water holding capacity (52.64-65.76), ph (6.45-7.05), composition of photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) and few g ... | 2013 | 24617139 |
| establishment of an in vitro plantlet regeneration protocol for unique varieties of brinjal (solanum melongena l.) var. mattu gulla and perampalli gulla. | brinjal (solanum melongena l.) var. mattu gulla (mg) and var. perampalli gulla (pg) are unique varieties with distinct flavour cultivated in udupi, karnataka state, and are exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses. an efficient and reproducible in vitro regeneration method is required to expedite the manipulation of these brinjal varieties to cope up with stress by tissue culture and gene transfer methods. the present study, reports a rapid and efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for ... | 2014 | 24617019 |
| plastid transformation in eggplant. | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is an important vegetable crop of tropical and temperate regions of the world. here we describe a procedure for eggplant plastid transformation, which involves preparation of explants, biolistic delivery of plastid transformation vector into green stem segments, selection procedure, and identification of the transplastomic plants. shoot buds appear from cut ends of the stem explants following 5-6 weeks of spectinomycin selection after bombardment with the plastid ... | 2014 | 24599862 |
| effect of hadda beetle, epilachna vigintioctopunctata fab. (coleoptera: coccinellidae) infestation on eggplant leaf (solanum melongena l.) and bio-control potential of essential oil formulations. | the present study evaluates the nature of feeding damage of epilachna vigintioctopunctata on leaves of solanum melongena l. and antifeedant activities of essential oil formulations against e. vigintioctopunctata. investigations were made on the morphological and anatomical damage caused by the feeding activity of the adults and grubs of e. vigintioctopunctata. adult e. vigintioctopunctata scraped the green matter of the upper and lower sides of the leaves of solanum melongena leaving behind only ... | 2013 | 24502160 |
| phylogeographical structure in mitochondrial dna of eggplant fruit and shoot borer, leucinodes orbonalis guenée (lepidoptera: crambidae) in south and southeast asia. | leucinodes orbonalis is the most detrimental south and southeast asian insect pest of eggplant. to help reduce the impact of this pest, population genetic diversity and structure of l. orbonalis were examined in eight populations from six countries using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit i dna sequences. no correlation between genetic diversity and geographic distance was detected among populations. low levels of haplotype and nucleotide diversities were observed in the philippines popu ... | 2016 | 24491107 |
| profiling and characterization of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) micrornas and their targets. | micrornas (mirnas) are small, non-protein coding and functional rnas. they play negative regulatory role in gene regulation. they are endogenous in nature and are ~21 nucleotides in length. they are reported in many plant species, but still missing and need to be identified in other important plants like; eggplant. the comparative genomic methodology due to their conserved nature is a reasonable approach for the novel mirnas discovery. in this research, total 76 novel mirnas from 67 families wer ... | 2014 | 24390233 |
| piwi proteins are essential for early drosophila embryogenesis. | piwi proteins, a subfamily of the argonaute/piwi protein family, have been implicated in transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene regulation and transposon silencing mediated by small non-coding rnas, especially pirnas. although these proteins are known to be required for germline development, their somatic function remains elusive. here, we examine the maternal function of all three piwi proteins in drosophila; piwi, aubergine (aub) and argonaute3 (ago3) during early embryogenesis. in syncy ... | 2014 | 24184635 |
| hits-clip (clip-seq) for mouse piwi proteins. | piwi proteins, such as aubergine in drosophila and miwi and mili in mice, form a major subclade of the argonaute family, which comprise a distinct class of rna-binding proteins (rbps) able to bind small rnas. small rnas can target complementary rnas. piwis are essential for the animal germline and bind piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) to form pi-ribonucleoproteins (pirnps). although many pirnas target retrotransposons for safeguarding genome integrity of the germ cell, whether pirnas can target ot ... | 2014 | 24178558 |
| biosorption of pb(ii) from aqueous solution by solanum melongena leaf powder as a low-cost biosorbent prepared from agricultural waste. | solanum melongena leaves are relatively galore and used as inexpensive material. this paper presents the characterization and evaluation of potential of s. melongena leaf powder (smlp) for removal of pb(ii) from aqueous solution as a function of ph, biomass dosage, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and temperature. experimental data were analyzed in terms of three kinetic models such as the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models and the results sho ... | 2014 | 24176885 |
| diversity and relationships in key traits for functional and apparent quality in a collection of eggplant: fruit phenolics content, antioxidant activity, polyphenol oxidase activity, and browning. | eggplant (solanum melongena) varieties with increased levels of phenolics in the fruit present enhanced functional quality, but may display greater fruit flesh browning. we evaluated 18 eggplant accessions for fruit total phenolics content, chlorogenic acid content, dpph scavenging activity, polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity, liquid extract browning, and fruit flesh browning. for all the traits we found a high diversity, with differences among accessions of up to 3.36-fold for fruit flesh browni ... | 2013 | 23972229 |
| aubergine and potato sensitivity with latex sensitisation and oral allergy syndrome. | aubergine allergy is rare outside of india and the far east, and very few cases have been reported. we describe a case of aubergine allergy in a 9-year-old girl of anglo-indian descent who also had sensitivity to potato, coincidental oral allergy syndrome, and latex sensitisation with mild oral symptoms on consuming kiwi fruit. specific ige to aubergine was negative, but skin testing was positive to both raw and cooked aubergine. with early and increased consumption of exotic vegetables in weste ... | 2013 | 23956750 |
| metal translocation patterns in solanum melongena grown in close proximity to traffic. | the purpose of this study is to examine tissue patterns of metal (cr, ni, cu, cd, and pb) concentrations in solanum melongena cultivated in close proximity to traffic to help elucidate associated elemental deposition and soil-to-root and root-to-shoot transfers. plants were cultivated in a commercial soil mix at three sites in toronto, canada. metal concentrations were determined on microwave-digested bulk and rhizosphere soil and tissue samples per icp-ms, along with two standard reference mate ... | 2014 | 23943080 |
| an investigation into the enhancement of fingermarks in blood on fruit and vegetables. | a number of studies have reported the successful enhancement of latent fingermarks on fruit and vegetables. a study was set up to identify the most effective technique for the enhancement of fingermarks in blood on various fruit and vegetables. the enhancement techniques targeted different components in blood and consisted of protein stains (e.g. acid black 1), peroxidase reagents (e.g. leuco crystal violet) and amino acid stains (e.g. ninhydrin). different variables such as the ageing periods o ... | 2013 | 23937941 |
| alleviation of exogenous 6-benzyladenine on two genotypes of eggplant (solanum melongena mill.) growth under salt stress. | cytokinins were recently shown to control plant adaptation to environmental stresses. to characterize the roles of cytokinins in the tolerance of eggplant (solanum melongena mill.) to salt stress, the protective effects of 6-benzyladenine (6-ba) on the growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant capacity in the leaves of two eggplant cultivars huqie12 (salt-sensitive) and huqie4 (salt-tolerant) were investigated. under 90 mm nacl stress, huqie4 showed higher biomass accumulation and less oxidative d ... | 2014 | 23929271 |
| selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative gene expression studies by real-time pcr in eggplant (solanum melongena l). | analysis of gene expression patterns leads to functional understanding of biological processes. quantitative real-time pcr has become the most commonly used technique for in-depth studies of gene expression. to quantify variation in specific gene expression, accurate and reliable normalization across different samples and tissues is necessary. this can be achieved by selecting one or more suitable reference genes to compare the target mrna transcript levels. in the present work, we illustrate th ... | 2013 | 23919495 |
| wild relatives of the eggplant (solanum melongena l.: solanaceae): new understanding of species names in a complex group. | the common or brinjal eggplant (solanum melongena l.) belongs to the leptostemonum clade (the "spiny" solanums) of the species-rich genus solanum (solanaceae). unlike most of the genus, the eggplant and its relatives are from the old world; most eggplant wild relatives are from africa. an informal system for naming eggplant wild relatives largely based on crossing and other biosystematics data has been in use for approximately a decade. this system recognises several forms of two broadly conceiv ... | 2013 | 23451138 |
| purification and characterisation of polyphenol oxidase (ppo) from eggplant (solanum melongena). | eggplant (solanum melongena) is a very rich source of polyphenol oxidase (ppo), which negatively affects its quality upon cutting and postharvest processing due to enzymatic browning. ppo inhibitors, from natural or synthetic sources, are used to tackle this problem. one isoform of ppo was 259-fold purified using standard chromatographic procedures. the ppo was found to be a 112 kda homodimer. the enzyme showed very low k(m) (0.34 mm) and high catalytic efficiency (3.3×10(6)) with 4-methyl catec ... | 2012 | 23442630 |
| multiple roles for piwi in silencing drosophila transposons. | silencing of transposons in the drosophila ovary relies on three piwi family proteins--piwi, aubergine (aub), and ago3--acting in concert with their small rna guides, the piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas). aub and ago3 are found in the germ cell cytoplasm, where they function in the ping-pong cycle to consume transposon mrnas. the nuclear piwi protein is required for transposon silencing in both germ and somatic follicle cells, yet the precise mechanisms by which piwi acts remain largely unclear. w ... | 2013 | 23392609 |
| taxonomic notes on several wild relatives of solanum melongena l. (solanaceae): comments on. | in the recent paper by meyer et al. (2012) some of the taxonomic assumptions relating to the closest wild relatives of solanum melongena l., the brinjal eggplant, are unsupported. this group is well-known for its taxonomic difficulties, therefore a consistent approach to the identification, nomenclature and species concepts of experimental plant material is essential to the fullest interpretation of the results of a genomic study such as theirs. effectively, meyer et al., treat several of the br ... | 2013 | 23380193 |
| function of piwi, a nuclear piwi/argonaute protein, is independent of its slicer activity. | the piwi protein subfamily is essential for piwi-interacting rna (pirna) biogenesis, transposon silencing, and germ-line development, all of which have been proposed to require piwi endonuclease activity, as validated for two cytoplasmic piwi proteins in mice. however, recent evidence has led to questioning of the generality of this mechanism for the piwi members that reside in the nucleus. drosophila offers a distinct opportunity to study the function of nuclear piwi proteins because, among thr ... | 2013 | 23297219 |
| in vitro propagation and genetic fidelity study of plant regenerated from inverted hypocotyl explants of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) cv. arka shirish. | genetic variation due to somaclonal variation in micropropagated plants is a beneficial phenomenon for crop improvement. genetic integrity of the plants derived through micropropagation becomes crucial if genetic transformation studies have to be carried out. somaclonal variation in tissue culture is a common phenomenon which makes it mandatory to check for genetic stability of plants. hypocotyl explants of solanummelongena l. cv. arka shirish inoculated with inverted polarity in ms media supple ... | 2013 | 28324346 |
| paramutation in drosophila linked to emergence of a pirna-producing locus. | a paramutation is an epigenetic interaction between two alleles of a locus, through which one allele induces a heritable modification in the other allele without modifying the dna sequence. the paramutated allele itself becomes paramutagenic, that is, capable of epigenetically converting a new paramutable allele. here we describe a case of paramutation in animals showing long-term transmission over generations. we previously characterized a homology-dependent silencing mechanism referred to as t ... | 2012 | 22922650 |
| a rad tag derived marker based eggplant linkage map and the location of qtls determining anthocyanin pigmentation. | both inter- and intra-specific maps have been developed in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). the former benefit from an enhanced frequency of marker polymorphism, but their relevance to marker-assisted crop breeding is limited. combining the restriction-site associated dna strategy with high throughput sequencing has facilitated the discovery of a large number of functional single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers discriminating between the two eggplant mapping population parental lines '305e ... | 2012 | 22912903 |
| diversity and relationships of eggplants from three geographically distant secondary centers of diversity. | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) was domesticated in the indo-birmanian region, which is also the primary center of diversity for this crop. from there eggplant spread to other regions, and diversity accumulated in several secondary centers of diversity. we have assessed the diversity and relationships of 52 accessions of eggplant from three geographically distant secondary centers of diversity (china, spain, and sri lanka) using 28 morphological descriptors and 12 highly polymorphic genomic ssrs ... | 2012 | 22848589 |
| detection and identification of genetically modified ee-1 brinjal (solanum melongena) by single, multiplex and sybr® real-time pcr. | brinjal is an important vegetable crop. major crop loss of brinjal is due to insect attack. insect-resistant ee-1 brinjal has been developed and is awaiting approval for commercial release. consumer health concerns and implementation of international labelling legislation demand reliable analytical detection methods for genetically modified (gm) varieties. | 2013 | 22729745 |
| reply to j. samuels: taxonomic notes on several wild relatives of solanum melongena l. | the purpose of the study "phylogeographic relationships among asian eggplants and new perspectives on eggplant domestication" by meyer et al. (2012) was to use new and expanded accession sets coupled with molecular data to evaluate possible scenarios of eggplant domestication with as little influence as possible from any previously published nomenclatural scheme, and taking into consideration multiple sources of evidence regarding the history of eggplant in asia. samuels (2013) disfavored this s ... | 2013 | 23769957 |
| a transcriptome-wide rnai screen in the drosophila ovary reveals factors of the germline pirna pathway. | the drosophila pirna pathway provides an rna-based immune system that defends the germline genome against selfish genetic elements. two interrelated branches of the pirna system exist: somatic cells that support oogenesis only employ piwi, whereas germ cells utilize a more elaborate pathway centered on the three gonad-specific argonaute proteins (piwi, aubergine, and argonaute 3). while several key factors of each branch have been identified, our current knowledge is insufficient to explain the ... | 2013 | 23665227 |
| free phenolics and polyphenol oxidase (ppo): the factors affecting post-cut browning in eggplant (solanum melongena). | polyphenol oxidase (ppo) catalyses oxidation of phenolics, which results in instant but differential browning in many cut fruits and vegetables, including eggplant. eight cultivars of eggplant were characterised by their ppo specific activity, phenolic content, browning index, and ppo polymorphism. in fresh eggplant, browning was found to be dependent on both the phenolic content and ppo specific activity, whereas, total phenolic content played a major role in browning of stored fruits. interest ... | 2013 | 23561085 |
| transposition-driven genomic heterogeneity in the drosophila brain. | recent studies in mammals have documented the neural expression and mobility of retrotransposons and have suggested that neural genomes are diverse mosaics. we found that transposition occurs among memory-relevant neurons in the drosophila brain. cell type-specific gene expression profiling revealed that transposon expression is more abundant in mushroom body (mb) αβ neurons than in neighboring mb neurons. the piwi-interacting rna (pirna) proteins aubergine and argonaute 3, known to suppress tra ... | 2013 | 23559253 |
| recurrent and recent selective sweeps in the pirna pathway. | uncontrolled transposable element (te) insertions and excisions can cause chromosome breaks and mutations with dramatic deleterious effects. the piwi interacting rna (pirna) pathway functions as an adaptive te silencing system during germline development. several essential pirna pathway proteins appear to be rapidly evolving, suggesting that tes and the silencing machinery may be engaged in a classical "evolutionary arms race." using a variety of molecular evolutionary and population genetic app ... | 2013 | 23550757 |
| production of interspecific hybrids between commercial cultivars of the eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and its wild relative s. torvum. | interspecific hybrids between cultivars of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and its wild relative s. torvum, which has disease resistance and desirable traits for crop improvement, were obtained by cross-hybridization and embryo rescue. twenty-one hybrid progenies were obtained and examined based on morphological traits, rapd and issr markers. five of them were confirmed to be true interspecific hybrids. eighteen and 14 bands from 7 rapd and 14 issr primers, respectively, were polymorphic and pre ... | 2013 | 23546959 |
| persistence of thiacloprid residues on brinjal (solanum melongena l.). | thiacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide with novel mode of action, is found to be effective against several lepidopteran as well as hemipteran pests. the present studies were carried out to observe the persistence pattern of thiacloprid on brinjal and to suggest suitable waiting period for the safety of consumers. persistence of thiacloprid in brinjal was studied following three applications of thiacloprid (alanto 240 sc) at 180 and 360 g a.i. ha(-1) at 7 days interval. residues of thiacloprid ... | 2013 | 23456274 |
| relationships between the photochemical reflectance index (pri) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and plant pigment indices at different leaf growth stages. | this study aimed to evaluate the photochemical reflectance index (pri) for assessing plant photosynthetic performance throughout the plant life cycle. the relationships between pri, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and leaf pigment indices in solanum melongena l. (aubergine; eggplant) were studied using photosynthetic induction curves both in short-term (diurnal) and long-term (seasonal) periods under different light intensities. we found good correlations between pri/non-photochemical quenc ... | 2012 | 22644476 |
| influence of helium-neon laser irradiation on seed germination in vitro and physico-biochemical characters in seedlings of brinjal (solanum melongena l.) var. mattu gulla. | in the present study, the seeds of brinjal (solanum melongena l.) var. mattu gulla were irradiated with single exposure of he-ne laser at different doses of 5-40 j cm(-2) and germinated aseptically. thirty day old seedlings were harvested and the germination, growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were estimated and compared with un-irradiated control seedlings. a significant enhancement in growth characters were noted with respect to length, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots. i ... | 2015 | 22515726 |
| phylogeographic relationships among asian eggplants and new perspectives on eggplant domestication. | the domestication history of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) has long been debated, with studies unable to narrow down where domestication occurred within a broad region of tropical asia. the most commonly hypothesized region is india, however china has an equally old written record of eggplant use dating ca. 2000 years before present. both regions have a high diversity of landraces and populations of putatively wild eggplant: solanum incanum l. in india and solanum undatum lam. in se asia. an a ... | 2012 | 22387533 |
| promoter analyses and transcriptional profiling of eggplant polyphenol oxidase 1 gene (smeppo1) reveal differential response to exogenous methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. | the transcriptional regulation of multigenic eggplant (solanum melongena) polyphenol oxidase genes (smeppo) is orchestrated by their corresponding promoters which mediate developmentally regulated expression in response to myriad biotic and abiotic factors. however, information on structural features of smeppo promoters and modulation of their expression by plant defense signals are lacking. in the present study, smeppopromoters were cloned by genome walking, and their transcription start sites ... | 2012 | 22377322 |
| development of gene-based markers and construction of an integrated linkage map in eggplant by using solanum orthologous (sol) gene sets. | we constructed an integrated dna marker linkage map of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) using dna marker segregation data sets obtained from two independent intraspecific f(2) populations. the linkage map consisted of 12 linkage groups and encompassed 1,285.5 cm in total. we mapped 952 dna markers, including 313 genomic ssr markers developed by random sequencing of simple sequence repeat (ssr)-enriched genomic libraries, and 623 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) and insertion/deletion polymor ... | 2012 | 22350090 |
| gender-specific hierarchy in nuage localization of piwi-interacting rna factors in drosophila. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) are germline-specific small non-coding rnas that form pirna-induced silencing complexes (piriscs) by associating with piwi proteins, a subclade of the argonaute proteins predominantly expressed in the germline. piriscs protect the integrity of the germline genome from invasive transposable dna elements by silencing them. multiple pirna biogenesis factors have been identified in drosophila. the majority of pirna factors are localized in the nuage, electron-dense non ... | 2011 | 22303351 |
| development of selective markers linked to a major qtl for parthenocarpy in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | parthenocarpy, the ability to set fruits without pollination, is a useful trait for setting fruit under unfavorable conditions. to identify the loci controlling parthenocarpy in eggplant (solanum melongena l.), we constructed linkage maps by using co-dominant simple sequence repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism markers in f(2) populations derived from intraspecific crosses between two non-parthenocarpic lines (ls1934 and nakate-shinkuro) and a parthenocarpic line (ae-p03). total map distanc ... | 2012 | 22301906 |
| [bioinformatic prediction of conserved micrornas and their target genes in eggplant (solanum melongena l.)]. | micrornas (mirnas), a recently discovered class of small (-21nt), non-coding, endogenous, single-stranded rnas in eukaryotes, regulate gene expression negatively at the post-transcriptional levels depending on the extent of complementation between mirna and mrna. to date, a large number of mirnas have been reported in many species, but none for eggplant (solanum melongena l.). in this paper, a computational homology search approach based on the conservation of mirna sequences and the stem-loop h ... | 2011 | 22049693 |
| leaf cuticular n-alkanes as markers in the chemotaxonomy of the eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and related species. | the complex of species formed by eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and its wild and weedy relatives (mainly s. incanum l. and s. insanum l.) is characterised by an extreme morphological divergence that is not always associated with genetic variation. the taxonomy of so-called 'spiny solanum' species (subgenus leptostemonum) is therefore extremely unclear. cultivated eggplant lacks resistance to pests that frequently occur among the wild forms and species. as these wild plants are a potential gene ... | 2011 | 21973213 |
| study and characterization of polyphenol oxidase from eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | in this study the catecholase and cresolase activities of eggplant polyphenol oxidase (ppo) were investigated. enzyme activity was determined by measuring the increase in absorbance using catechol as substrate and 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (mbth) as coupled reagent. the effects of substrate specificity, heat inactivation, temperature, ph, and inhibitors were investigated to understand the enzymatic alteration of ready-to-eat preparations. browning of vegetables was determined throug ... | 2011 | 21942648 |
| accumulation, functional annotation, and comparative analysis of expressed sequence tags in eggplant (solanum melongena l.), the third pole of the genus solanum species after tomato and potato. | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is a widely grown vegetable crop that belongs to the genus solanum, which is comprised of more than 1000 species of wide genetic and phenotypic variation. unlike tomato and potato, solanum crops that belong to subgenus potatoe and have been targets for comprehensive genomic studies, eggplant is endemic to the old world and belongs to a different subgenus, leptostemonum, and therefore, would be a unique member for comparative molecular biology in solanum. in this s ... | 2010 | 19857557 |
| clinico-immunological analysis of eggplant (solanum melongena) allergy indicates preponderance of allergens in the peel. | : eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is known to cause food allergy in some asian countries but detailed studies on eggplant allergy are lacking. | 2009 | 23283148 |
| dissipation pattern of flubendiamide in/on brinjal (solanum melongena l.). | residues of flubendiamide and desiodo flubendiamide were studied following three applications of flubendiamide 480 sc at 7 days interval at 90 and 180 g a.i. ha(-1) in/on brinjal fruits. an average initial deposit of 0.33 and 0.61 mg kg(-1) of flubendiamide was observed respectively after application at single and double dosages. the residues of flubendiamide dissipated quickly at both the dosages, and after 3 days, the extent of dissipation was found to be about 76% and 79% at the single and do ... | 2012 | 21927786 |
| vreteno, a gonad-specific protein, is essential for germline development and primary pirna biogenesis in drosophila. | in drosophila, piwi proteins associate with piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) and protect the germline genome by silencing mobile genetic elements. this defense system acts in germline and gonadal somatic tissue to preserve germline development. genetic control for these silencing pathways varies greatly between tissues of the gonad. here, we identified vreteno (vret), a novel gonad-specific protein essential for germline development. vret is required for pirna-based transposon regulation in both g ... | 2011 | 21831924 |
| phenylethyl cinnamides as potential alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from the roots of solanum melongena. | bioassay-guided fractionation against alpha-glucosidase resulted in isolation and identification of six phenolic compounds (1-6) from the 70% etoh extract of the roots of solanum melongena l. (solanaceae). of these, three phenylethyl cinnamides, n-trans-feruloyl tyramine (1), n-trans-p-coumaroyl tyramine (2) and n-cis-p-coumaroyl tyramine (3) possessed inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase with ic50 values of 500.6, 5.3 and 46.3 microm, respectively. mechanism analysis revealed these phe ... | 2011 | 21815424 |
| molecular diversity analysis of eggplant (solanum melongena) genetic resources. | eggplant (solanum melongena), a vegetable that is cultivated worldwide, is of considerable importance to agriculture in china. we analyzed the diversity of this plant using inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) and rapd procedures to subdivide 143 chinese-cultivated eggplants based on coefficient of parentage, genetic diversity index (gdi) and canonical discriminant analysis. issr markers were more effective than rapd markers for detecting genetic diversity, which ranged from 0.10-0.51, slightly l ... | 2011 | 21710466 |
| identification of snp and ssr markers in eggplant using rad tag sequencing. | the eggplant (solanum melongena l.) genome is relatively unexplored, especially compared to those of the other major solanaceae crops tomato and potato. in particular, no snp markers are publicly available; on the other hand, over 1,000 ssr markers were developed and publicly available. we have combined the recently developed restriction-site associated dna (rad) approach with illumina dna sequencing for rapid and mass discovery of both snp and ssr markers for eggplant. | 2011 | 21663628 |
| papi, a novel tudor-domain protein, complexes with ago3, me31b and tral in the nuage to silence transposition. | the nuage is a germline-specific perinuclear structure that remains functionally elusive. recently, the nuage in drosophila was shown to contain two of the three piwi proteins - aubergine and argonaute 3 (ago3) - that are essential for germline development. the piwi proteins bind to piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) and function in epigenetic regulation and transposon control. here, we report a novel nuage component, papi (partner of piwis), that contains a tudor domain and interacts with all three ... | 2011 | 21447556 |
| dissipation of flubendiamide in/on brinjal (solanum melongena) fruits. | a field experiment was conducted at anand agricultural university, anand during sept-dec, 2009 to study the rate of degradation of flubendiamide in/on brinjal fruits following foliar application of fame 480 sc at 90 (standard dose) and 180 (double dose) g a.i. ha( -1). the residues estimated using hplc revealed persistence of flubendiamide in/on brinjal till 3rd and 7th day after the last spray at standard and double dose, respectively. the residues of flubendiamamde were reported as parent comp ... | 2011 | 21360001 |
| analysis of moisture desorption isotherms of eggplant (solanum melongena). | sorption isotherms of eggplant were determined employing, as experimental technique, a static gravimetric method, using saturated salt solutions to achieve the equilibrium. the experiments were carried out at different temperatures (20, 35, 50 and 65 °c). the sorption isotherms can be classified, according to brunauer's classification, as type ii or iii depending on temperature. equilibrium moisture content data were correlated by two models usually applied to foodstuffs (brunauer--emmet--teller ... | 2010 | 21339160 |
| targeting and anchoring tudor in the pole plasm of the drosophila oocyte. | germline formation is a highly regulated process in all organisms. in drosophila embryos germ cells are specified by the pole plasm, a specialized cytoplasmic region containing polar granules. components of these granules are also present in the perinuclear ring surrounding nurse cells, the nuage. two such molecules are the vasa and tudor proteins. how tudor localizes and is maintained in the pole plasm is, however, not known. | 2010 | 21179512 |
| biogenesis pathways of pirnas loaded onto ago3 in the drosophila testis. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) silence transposable elements in animal germ cells. in drosophila ovaries, pirnas are produced by two distinct pathways: the "ping-pong" amplification cycle that operates in germ cells and a ping-pong-independent pathway termed the primary pathway that mainly operates in somatic cells. ago3, one of three piwi proteins in flies, is involved in the ping-pong cycle in ovaries. we characterized ago3-associated pirnas in fly testes and found that like in ovaries, ago3 f ... | 2010 | 20980675 |
| evaluation of copper-induced stress on eggplant (solanum melongena l.) seedlings at the molecular and population levels by use of various biomarkers. | heavy-metal contamination is an important environmental problem in the world. it is known that high concentrations of heavy metals cause toxic damage to cells and tissues. in this study the effects of copper (cu(2+)) contamination were determined at the molecular and population levels in eggplant (solanum melongena l.) seedlings exposed to various concentrations of the metal ion. inhibition of root growth, reduction in dry weight and total soluble protein content in the roots of eggplant seedlin ... | 2011 | 20970520 |
| reversible male sterility in eggplant (solanum melongena l.) by artificial microrna-mediated silencing of general transcription factor genes. | since decades, plant male sterility is considered a powerful tool for biological containment to minimize unwanted self-pollination for hybrid seed production. furthermore, prevention of pollen dispersal also answers to concerns regarding transgene flow via pollen from genetically modified (gm) crops to traditional crop fields or wild relatives. we induced male sterility by suppressing endogenous general transcription factor genes, tafs, using anther-specific promoters combined with artificial mi ... | 2011 | 20955179 |
| maternal mrna deadenylation and decay by the pirna pathway in the early drosophila embryo. | piwi-associated rnas (pirnas), a specific class of 24- to 30-nucleotide-long rnas produced by the piwi-type of argonaute proteins, have a specific germline function in repressing transposable elements. this repression is thought to involve heterochromatin formation and transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing. the pirna pathway has other essential functions in germline stem cell maintenance and in maintaining germline dna integrity. here we uncover an unexpected function of the pirna p ... | 2010 | 20953170 |
| novel role of specific tudor domains in tudor-aubergine protein complex assembly and distribution during drosophila oogenesis. | germ cells give rise to the next generation and contain ribonucleoprotein particles, germ granules. in these granules, piwi protein aubergine has been shown to interact with tudor protein in drosophila. tudor protein has 11 tudor domains and it has been unclear to what extent all these domains are involved in the interaction with aubergine. here we present direct biochemical evidence that tudor-aubergine interaction surface is composed of different tudor domains including those that have not bee ... | 2010 | 20946872 |
| aubergine is a component of a nanos mrna localization complex. | localization of nanos (nos) mrna to the posterior pole of the drosophila oocyte is essential for abdominal segmentation and germline development during embryogenesis. posterior localization is mediated by a complex cis-acting localization signal in the nos 3' untranslated region that comprises multiple partially redundant elements. genetic analysis suggests that this signal is recognized by rna-binding proteins and associated factors that package nos mrna into a localization competent ribonucleo ... | 2011 | 20937269 |
| an in vivo rnai assay identifies major genetic and cellular requirements for primary pirna biogenesis in drosophila. | in drosophila, piwi proteins and bound piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) form the core of a small rna-mediated defense system against selfish genetic elements. within germline cells, pirnas are processed from pirna clusters and transposons to be loaded into piwi/aubergine/ago3 and a subset of pirnas undergoes target-dependent amplification. in contrast, gonadal somatic support cells express only piwi, lack signs of pirna amplification and exhibit primary pirna biogenesis from pirna clusters. neithe ... | 2010 | 20818334 |
| structural basis for methylarginine-dependent recognition of aubergine by tudor. | piwi proteins are modified by symmetric dimethylation of arginine (sdma), and the methylarginine-dependent interaction with tudor domain proteins is critical for their functions in germline development. cocrystal structures of an extended tudor domain (etud) of drosophila tudor with methylated peptides of aubergine, a piwi family protein, reveal that sdma is recognized by an asparagine-gated aromatic cage. furthermore, the unexpected tudor-sn/p100 fold of etud is important for sensing the positi ... | 2010 | 20713507 |
| visualization of spatial distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid in eggplant (solanum melongena) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry. | we applied imaging mass spectrometry (ims) to determine the spatial distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba). we found that gaba had a specific localization in seeds. we also visualized various biomolecules as well as gaba with higher spatial resolution than in the previous report. our work suggests that ims might be a powerful tool for exploring functional food factors, investigating the specific distribution of nutrients in unused natural resources, and evaluating the quality of function ... | 2010 | 20631446 |
| assessment of the variability in response of radish and brinjal at biochemical and physiological levels under similar ozone exposure conditions. | the present investigation was done to evaluate the effects of ambient air pollutants on physiological and biochemical characteristics of radish (raphnus sativa l. var. pusa reshmi) and brinjal (solanum melongena l. var. pusa hybrid-6) plants grown in open-top chambers with filtered (fcs) and non-filtered (nfcs) treatments at a suburban site in varanasi, india. eight hourly mean concentrations of 11.8, 20.8, and 40.8 ppb for so2, no2, and o3, respectively, were recorded. o3 was the most significa ... | 2011 | 20582740 |
| characterization of health-related compounds in eggplant (solanum melongena l.) lines derived from introgression of allied species. | the purpose of the present study was to investigate the levels of either the nutraceutical and health-promoting compounds or the antioxidant properties of innovative eggplant (solanum melongena l.) genotypes tolerant and/or resistant to fungi, derived from conventional and non-conventional breeding methodologies (i.e., sexual interspecific hybridization, interspecific protoplast electrofusion, androgenesis, and backcross cycles) in comparison with their allied and cultivated parents. chemical me ... | 2010 | 20527988 |
| repression of retroelements in drosophila germline via pirna pathway by the tudor domain protein tejas. | the piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) have been shown to safeguard the animal germline genome against deleterious retroelements [1-9]. many factors involved in the production of pirnas localize to nuage, a unique perinuclear structure in animal germline cells [10], suggesting that nuage may function as a site for processing of germline pirnas [1, 3-6, 11-14]. here we report a conserved yet uncharacterized component of the germline pirna pathway, tejas (tej), which localizes to nuage. tej is require ... | 2010 | 20362446 |
| pirna-mediated silencing in drosophila germlines. | piwi interacting rnas (pirnas) are a subset of small rnas predominantly expressed in the germlines of various species. in drosophila, the main sources of pirnas are transcripts of mobile dna elements, including active transposons and their wreckage, found on the genome. after maturing from the primary transcripts, pirnas are specifically loaded onto germline-specific argonaute proteins - argonaute3, aubergine and piwi - collectively referred to as piwi proteins. loss of function of piwi proteins ... | 2010 | 20080197 |
| functional involvement of tudor and dprmt5 in the pirna processing pathway in drosophila germlines. | in drosophila, the piwi proteins, aubergine (aub), ago3, and piwi are expressed in germlines and function in silencing transposons by associating with piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas). recent studies show that piwi proteins contain symmetric dimethyl-arginines (sdmas) and that dprmt5/capsuleen/dart5 is the modifying enzyme. here, we show that tudor (tud), one of tud domain-containing proteins, associates with aub and ago3, specifically through their sdma modifications and that these three proteins ... | 2009 | 19959991 |
| a regulatory circuit for piwi by the large maf gene traffic jam in drosophila. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) silence retrotransposons in drosophila germ lines by associating with the piwi proteins argonaute 3 (ago3), aubergine (aub) and piwi. pirnas in drosophila are produced from intergenic repetitive genes and pirna clusters by two systems: the primary processing pathway and the amplification loop. the amplification loop occurs in a dicer-independent, piwi-slicer-dependent manner. however, primary pirna processing remains elusive. here we analysed pirna processing in a ... | 2009 | 19812547 |
| development of ssr markers derived from ssr-enriched genomic library of eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | eggplant (solanum melongena l.), also known as aubergine or brinjal, is an important vegetable in many countries. few useful molecular markers have been reported for eggplant. we constructed simple sequence repeat (ssr)-enriched genomic libraries in order to develop ssr markers, and sequenced more than 14,000 clones. from these sequences, we designed 2,265 primer pairs to flank ssr motifs. we identified 1,054 ssr markers from amplification of 1,399 randomly selected primer pairs. the markers hav ... | 2009 | 19662343 |
| a comparative study on antioxidant activities of different varieties of solanum melongena. | eggplant is one of most common vegetables consumed all around the world. the present study evaluates the antioxidant potential of four different varieties of eggplant (long green, purple coloured big size, purple coloured moderate size and purple coloured small size) in terms of total phenolic content, dpph, total reducing power, superoxide radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity and total anthocyanin content. extracts from purple colour small size eggplant fruit demonstrated bette ... | 2009 | 19638291 |
| plastid transformation in eggplant (solanum melongena l.). | we have developed a method for plastid transformation in eggplant (solanum melongena l.), a solanaceous plant species. plastid transformation in eggplant was achieved by bombardment of green stem segments with pprv111a plastid expression vector carrying the aada gene encoding aminoglycoside 3''-adenylyltransferase. biolistic delivery of the pprv111a plasmid yielded transplastomic plants at a frequency of two per 21 bombarded plates containing 25 stem explants each. integration of the aada gene i ... | 2010 | 19562498 |
| collapse of germline pirnas in the absence of argonaute3 reveals somatic pirnas in flies. | piwi-interacting rnas (pirnas) silence transposons in animal germ cells. pirnas are thought to derive from long transcripts spanning transposon-rich genomic loci and to direct an autoamplification loop in which an antisense pirna, bound to aubergine or piwi protein, triggers production of a sense pirna bound to the piwi protein argonaute3 (ago3). in turn, the new pirna is envisioned to produce a second antisense pirna. here, we describe strong loss-of-function mutations in ago3, allowing a direc ... | 2009 | 19395009 |
| application of indoxacarb for managing shoot and fruit borer of eggplant (solanum melongena l.) and its decontamination. | indoxacarb was applied at 75 and 150 g a.i. ha(-1) for two years to an eggplant (solanum melongena l.) crop grown in the field plots in order to evaluate its efficacy for management of the lepidopteron pest, shoot and fruit borer. the residues of the insecticide were quantified by high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). the mean initial deposits of indoxacarb on eggplant fruits were found to be 2.60-2.634 mg kg(-1) and 3.64-3.68 mg kg(-1) from the two rates of applications, respectively. the ... | 2009 | 19280483 |
| effect of domestic cooking methods on the total antioxidant capacity of vegetables. | as well as tables of food composition, total antioxidant capacity (tac) databases--developed in past years for investigating health effects of antioxidant-rich foods in epidemiological and nutritional studies--have been created on the basis of analytical data from raw plant material. however, most vegetables are commonly cooked before consumption. with the aim of completing a previously developed tac database, the effect of the major domestic practices (i.e. boiling, pan-frying and deep-frying) ... | 2009 | 19255918 |
| chapter 16. how to define targets for small guide rnas in rna silencing: a biochemical approach. | rna silencing involves various forms of sequence-specific gene silencing triggered by small rnas. in rna silencing, argonautes are crucial protein components that are directed to the target messenger rnas (mrnas) through their association with small rnas by base pairing. argonautes repress the expression of the target genes at posttranscriptional levels. full complementarity between a small rna and its target mrna results in argonaute-mediated cleavage ("slicing") of the target mrna. the d-d-h ( ... | 2008 | 19215766 |
| analysis of the stable free radical scavenging capability of artificial polyphenol mixtures and plant extracts by capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry. | the oxidation process of phenolic compounds of an artificial mixture consisting of six polyphenols and the extract of eggplant (solanum melongena) skin was monitored by using capillary zone electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry. the methods developed enabled simultaneous evaluation of the antioxidative capability of each compound. the above oxidation process was carried out using two radicals, viz. the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl ... | 2009 | 19185871 |
| higher histamine sensitivity in non-atopic subjects by skin prick test may result in misdiagnosis of eggplant allergy. | eggplant (aubergine; solanum melongena l.), a member of the nightshade family, is widely consumed as a vegetable. a high incidence of allergic reactions to eggplant appears to be commonly experienced among indians, presumably due to its high histamine content. therefore, it appeared interesting to investigate the histamine content of different varieties of eggplant (green and purple round; green and purple slender long) using raw, cooked, and dialyzed extracts. a significant varietal difference ... | 2009 | 19172488 |
| structures and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins in many accessions of eggplant and its related species. | anthocyanins were detected in extracts from the peels of 123 accessions of eggplant (solanum melongena) and its related species. their anthocyanin profiles were classified into four types, including known japanese eggplant type (type 1) and non-japanese eggplant type (type 2). although most of the eggplant accessions had one of the two known profiles, one accession had a novel profile (type 3). two accessions of related species showed another novel profile (type 4). the major anthocyanins were i ... | 2008 | 18831559 |