| chilling-sensitive, post-transcriptional regulation of a plant fatty acid desaturase expressed in yeast. | plants respond to chilling exposure by increasing the relative proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their lipids. however, unlike the response in many other organisms, plant fatty acid desaturase genes are typically not upregulated during this process. we expressed the brassica napus fad3 gene, which encodes an enzyme for synthesis of linolenic acid, in saccharomyces cerevisiae and observed a temperature-dependent increase in linolenic acid production at cooler growth temperatures. untra ... | 2001 | 11352654 |
| atmospheric movements of lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) from canola fields planted with treated seed. | lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane [gamma-hch]) is used as an insecticide in many countries. concentrations of gamma-hch have been found in air, water, soil, snow, and tissue samples throughout the world and concerns have been raised for its potential effects on human and ecosystem health. in canada, gamma-hch is primarily used as a treatment on canola (brassica napus l) seed with an estimated 455.3 mg applied in 1997 and 510.4 mg in 1998. the purpose of this study was to measure gamma-hch vol ... | 2001 | 11401266 |
| leptosphaeria maculans, the causal agent of blackleg disease of brassicas. | the loculoascomycete leptosphaeria maculans (anamorph: phoma lingam) causes blackleg of brassicas, including brassica napus (canola or rapeseed). this fungus probably comprises several morphologically similar species; taxonomic relationships between them are being clarified and nomenclature is being revised. the pathotype ("a" group) responsible for major economic losses to canola has been studied in more detail than other members of this species complex and is the focus of this review. l. macul ... | 2001 | 11407881 |
| effects of ultraviolet-a exposure on ultraviolet-b-induced accumulation of specific flavonoids in brassica napus. | many plant species are able to acclimate to changes in ultraviolet-b radiation (uvb) (290-320 nm) exposure. due to the wide range of targets of uvb, plants have evolved diverse repair and protection mechanisms. these include increased biosynthesis of uvb screening compounds, elevated antioxidant activity and increased rates of dna repair. we have shown previously that brassica napus l. cv topas plants can acclimate quite effectively to environmentally relevant increases in uvb through the accumu ... | 2001 | 11421075 |
| effect of sesamin on mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta-oxidation of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in rat liver. | the effects of dietary sesamin on the hepatic metabolism of arachidonic (aa) and eicosapentaenoic (epa) acids, were investigated with respect to their beta-oxidation and secretion as triacylglycerol (tg). for 2 wk, rats were fed three types of dietary oils: (i) corn oil (control) group; (ii) epa group: epa ethyl esters/rapeseed oil = 2:3; (iii) aa group: aa ethyl esters/palm oil/perilla oil = 2:2:1, with or without 0.5% (w/w) of sesamin. dietary sesamin significantly increased the activities of ... | 2001 | 11432461 |
| characterization of high-molecular-mass allergens in oilseed rape pollen. | oilseed rape pollen allergies have been previously described as the result of cross-sensitization with various pollens. recently, several proteins have been identified as oilseed rape allergens. the aim of the present work was the characterization of oilseed rape pollen allergens by two-dimensional (2-d) gel analysis and amino acid microsequencing. | 2001 | 11435729 |
| functional characterization of beta-ketoacyl-coa synthase genes from brassica napus l. | seed-specifically expressed beta-ketoacyl-coa synthase genes of brassica napus (bn-fae1.1 genes) were cloned from two cultivars, namely askari, a high-erucic-acid type, and drakkar, a low-erucic-acid type. the genes from the two cultivars were found to be nearly identical. they encode proteins of 507 amino acids, the sequences of which differ only at position 282. the bn-fae1.1 gene of askari, unlike that of drakkar, was functionally expressed in yeast cells suggesting that the single amino acid ... | 2001 | 11442062 |
| the amino acid sequence of rape (brassica napus l) cytochrome c. | the amino acid sequence of rape (brassica napus l) cytochrome c was determined using 1 mumole of protein. analysis of chymotryptic and tryptic peptides by the dansyl-edman method showed that the molecule consisted of 111 residues and was homologous with other mitochondrial plant cytochromes c. the amino acid sequence was found to be identical with that previously reported for the cytochrome c from cauliflower (brassica oleracea l). | 1971 | 11452873 |
| population-scale laboratory studies of the effect of transgenic plants on nontarget insects. | studies of the effects of insect-resistant transgenic plants on beneficial insects have, to date, concentrated mainly on either small-scale "worst case scenario" laboratory experiments or on field trials. we present a laboratory method using large population cages that represent an intermediate experimental scale, allowing the study of ecological and behavioural interactions between transgenic plants, pests and their natural enemies under more controlled conditions than is possible in the field. ... | 2001 | 11472551 |
| the protein kinases atmap3kepsilon1 and bnmap3kepsilon1 are functional homologues of s. pombe cdc7p and may be involved in cell division. | we identified an arabidopsis thaliana gene, atmap3kepsilon1, and a brassica napus cdna, bnmap3kepsilon1, encoding functional protein serine/threonine kinases closely related to cdc7p and cdc15p from schizosaccharomyces pombe and saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. this is the first report of cdc7-related genes in non-fungal eukaryotes; no such genes have as yet been identified in metazoans. the b. napus protein is able to partially complement a cdc7 loss of function mutation in s. pombe. rt- ... | 2001 | 11489177 |
| cold-activation of brassica napus bn115 promoter is mediated by structural changes in membranes and cytoskeleton, and requires ca2+ influx. | previous studies on cold-triggered events leading to ca2+ influx during cold acclimatization have been conducted on either unicellular cyanobacterium synechocystis or plant cell suspensions, and used transcript levels of cold-induced genes as end-point markers. whether the results of these studies are valid for intact plants or their organs is not known. here we examine cold signaling in transgenic brassica napus seedlings carrying, in addition to the endogenous cold-inducible bn115 gene, the be ... | 2001 | 11489178 |
| accumulation and apparent oxidation of cis,trans-18 : 2 isomers relative to linoleic acid in rats. | dietary cis,trans-18 : 2 isomers impair desaturation and elongation of linoleic acid (delta9cis,12cis-18 : 2), but little is known of their proportional partitioning between accumulation and oxidation. the present study was therefore designed to assess the accumulation and apparent oxidation of cis,trans-18 : 2 isomers compared with that of trans-18 : 1 isomers and delta9cis,12cis-18 : 2 in rats. accumulation is defined as whole-body increase in a fatty acid during a given period (i.e. final bod ... | 2001 | 11502239 |
| sequence analysis shows that ribgrass mosaic virus shanghai isolate (rmv-sh) is closely related to youcai mosaic virus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an isolate of ribgrass mosaic virus (rmv-sh) from brassica chinensis (qingcai) in shanghai, china was determined. the genome consisted of 6301 nucleotides and its genomic organization was similar to those of other crucifer-tobamoviruses. comparisons of the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analyses showed that rmv-sh had very high homology (> 95% identical nucleotides and 97.7-99.6% identical amino acids) to a sequence of youcai mo ... | 2001 | 11504428 |
| cooking oil fume-induced cytokine expression and oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells. | epidemiological studies have shown an association between exposure to indoor air pollution from chinese-style cooking and risk of lung cancer among chinese females. several toxic substances have been identified in cooking oil fumes (cof) collected from heated rapeseed oil. in this study, we examined the biological effects of cof on cl3 human lung epithelial cells. exposure to 200 microg/ml cof significantly reduced cell growth within 4 days. in addition, we examined the effect of cof on tgfbeta1 ... | 2001 | 11534964 |
| the behaviour of normal and agravitropic transgenic roots of rapeseed (brassica napus l.) under microgravity conditions. | in the transform experiment for iml-2 on the space shuttle columbia, normal (wild type = wt) and genetically transformed agravitropic rapeseed roots were tested under microgravity conditions. the aim of the experiment was to determine if the wild-type roots behaved differently (growth, morphology, gravitropical sensitivity) from the transgenic roots. the appearance of the organelles and distribution of statoliths (i.e. amyloplasts with starch grains) in the gravitropic reactive cells (statocyt ... | 1996 | 11536756 |
| the response to auxin of rapeseed (brassica napus l.) roots displaying reduced gravitropism due to transformation by agrobacterium rhizogenes. | it has recently been documented that, compared to untransformed controls, the roots of oilseed rape (brassica napus l. cv crgc5) seedlings transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes a4 show a reduced gravitropic reaction (legue et al. 1994, physiol plant 91: 559-566). after stimulation at 90 degrees c or 135 degrees, the transformed root tips curve. but never reach a vertical orientation. in the present study, we investigated the causes of reduced gravitropic bending observed in stimulated transfor ... | 1996 | 11540728 |
| agravitropic behaviour of roots of rapeseed (brassica napus l.) transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes. | transgenic hairy roots of brassica napus (cv. omega) have been developed, using agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ar 25, for use as a model system in the investigation of physiological and morphological differences between transgenic and normal roots. the basic parameters of growth and normal or altered gravitropical behaviour of hairy roots are for the first time presented in this paper together with an ultrastructural and morphological analysis of the root statocytes. the results obtained also r ... | 1997 | 11541870 |
| hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of liver in salmonids: effects of dietary vegetable oil. | the desaturation and elongation of [1-(14)c]18:3n-3 was investigated in hepatocytes from different populations and three different species of salmonids indigenous to scotland, brown trout, atlantic salmon and arctic charr. two groups of fish were sampled, before and after they were fed two experimental diets, a control diet containing fish oil and a diet containing vegetable oil (a 1:1 blend of linseed and rapeseed oils) for 12 weeks. at each sampling time, fatty acyl desaturation and elongation ... | 2001 | 11544096 |
| characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from polluted soils and containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. | fifteen bacterial strains containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase were isolated from the rhizoplane of pea (pisum sativum l.) and indian mustard (brassica juncea l.) grown in different soils and a long-standing sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals. the isolated strains were characterized and assigned to various genera and species, such as pseudomonas brassicacearum, pseudomonas marginalis, pseudomonas oryzihabitans, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas sp., alcaligenes xy ... | 2001 | 11547884 |
| functional expression of cf9 and avr9 genes in brassica napus induces enhanced resistance to leptosphaeria maculans. | the tomato cf9 resistance gene induces an avr9-dependent hypersensitive response (hr) in tomato and transgenic solanaceae spp. we studied whether the cf9 gene product responded functionally to the corresponding avr9 gene product when introduced in a heterologous plant species. we successfully expressed the cf9 gene under control of its own promoter and the avr9 or avr9r8k genes under control of the p35s1 promoter in transgenic oilseed rape. we demonstrated that the transgenic oilseed rape plants ... | 2001 | 11551072 |
| bulk and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis: plant-dependent enrichment and seasonal shifts revealed. | the bacterial rhizosphere communities of three host plants of the pathogenic fungus verticillium dahliae, field-grown strawberry (fragaria ananassa duch.), oilseed rape (brassica napus l.), and potato (solanum tuberosum l.), were analyzed. we aimed to determine the degree to which the rhizosphere effect is plant dependent and whether this effect would be increased by growing the same crops in two consecutive years. rhizosphere or soil samples were taken five times over the vegetation periods. to ... | 2001 | 11571180 |
| manipulation of the napin primary structure alters its packaging and deposition in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) seeds. | napin is a 2s storage protein found in the seeds of oilseed rape (brassica napus l.) and related species. using protein structural prediction programs we have identified a region in the napin protein sequence which forms a 'hydrophilic loop' composed of amino acid residues located at the protein surface. targeting this region, we have constructed two napin chimeric genes containing the coding sequence for the peptide hormone leucine-enkephalin as a topological marker. one version has a single en ... | 2001 | 11575727 |
| development of a field bioassay for the side-effects of herbicides on vascular plants using brassica napus and poa annua. | a field bioassay method has been developed for assessing side-effects of herbicides on brassica napus and poa annua. the test method aims at effects outside the target area, up to 20 m from the treated parcel. experiments were conducted in the field and in a glasshouse with the herbicides atrazin, bentazone, diquat, glyphosate, and r(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid) mcpa. an iterative procedure was used with the aim of developing a sound test procedure. the resulting method appeared to be ve ... | 2001 | 11594026 |
| characterization of a functional soluble form of a brassica napus membrane-anchored endo-1,4-beta-glucanase heterologously expressed in pichia pastoris. | the brassica napus gene, cel16, encodes a membrane-anchored endo-1,4-beta-glucanase with a deduced molecular mass of 69 kd. as for other membrane-anchored endo-1,4-beta-glucanases, cel16 consists of a predicted intracellular, charged n terminus (methionine(1)-lysine(70)), a hydrophobic transmembrane domain (isoleucine(71)-valine(93)), and a periplasmic catalytic core (lysine(94)-proline(621)). here, we report the functional analysis of delta(1-90)cel16, the n terminally truncated cel16, missing ... | 2001 | 11598241 |
| maize oleosin is correctly targeted to seed oil bodies in brassica napus transformed with the maize oleosin gene. | oleosins are small hydrophobic abundant proteins localized in the oil bodies of plant seeds. an oleosin gene from the monocotyledonous maize (zea mays l.) was transferred into the dicotyledonous brassica napus l. using agrobacterium-mediated transformation. the maize oleosin gene was placed under the control of either its own promoter/terminator or the promoter/terminator of a brassica seed storage protein (napin) gene. southern blot analyses of individual transformed plants suggested that the o ... | 1991 | 11607198 |
| a diet containing rapeseed oil-based fats does not increase lipid peroxidation in humans when compared to a diet rich in saturated fatty acids. | to compare the effects of a rapeseed oil-based diet containing an increased proportion of easily oxidised polyunsaturated fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid with a diet rich in saturated fatty acids on the degree of lipid peroxidation in the human body. | 2001 | 11641740 |
| structure of beta-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] reductase from escherichia coli: negative cooperativity and its structural basis. | the structure of beta-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] reductase (fabg) from escherichia coli was determined via the multiwavelength anomalous diffraction technique using a selenomethionine-labeled crystal containing 88 selenium sites in the asymmetric unit. the comparison of the e. coli fabg structure with the homologous brassica napus fabg.nadp(+) binary complex reveals that cofactor binding causes a substantial conformational change in the protein. this conformational change puts all three act ... | 2001 | 11669613 |
| probing host-selective phytotoxicity: synthesis and biological activity of phomalide, isophomalide, and dihydrophomalide. | the cyclic depsipeptide phomalide [cyclo(val-(e)-aba-hpp-hmp-(r)-leu); aba = 2-amino-2-butenoic acid, hpp = (2s)-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid, hmp = (2s)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid] is the host-selective phytotoxin produced by the fungus [leptosphaeria maculans (desm.) ces. et de not., asexual stage phoma lingam (tode ex fr.) desm.] which causes blackleg disease (a devastating disease of several economically important brassica crops). efficient total syntheses of phomalide, its (z)-iso ... | 1999 | 11674233 |
| synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate in the peroxisome of saccharomyces cerevisiae by using intermediates of fatty acid beta-oxidation. | medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are polyesters having properties of biodegradable thermoplastics and elastomers that are naturally produced by a variety of pseudomonads. saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with the pseudomonas aeruginosa phac1 synthase modified for peroxisome targeting by the addition of the carboxyl 34 amino acids from the brassica napus isocitrate lyase. the phac1 gene was put under the control of the promoter of the catalase a gene. pha synthase expressi ... | 2001 | 11679353 |
| branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis in escherichia coli. | beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) synthase iii (kasiii) catalyzes the first elongation step in straight-chain fatty acid (scfa) biosynthesis in escherichia coli. overproduction of the corresponding kasiii gene, or the brassica napus kasiii gene has previously been observed to lead to an increase in the amount of shorter-chain fatty acids produced by e. coli. in this study it is shown that overexpression of the kasiii gene, which initiates branched-chain fatty acid (bcfa) in streptomyces g ... | 2001 | 11687938 |
| the domains required to direct core proteins of hepatitis c virus and gb virus-b to lipid droplets share common features with plant oleosin proteins. | in mammalian tissue culture cells, the core protein of hepatitis c virus (hcv) is located at the surface of lipid droplets, which are cytoplasmic structures that store lipid. the critical amino acid sequences necessary for this localization are in a region of core protein that is absent in flavi- and pestiviruses, which are related to hcv. from our sequence comparisons, this region in hcv core was present in the corresponding protein of gbv-b, another virus whose genomic sequence has significant ... | 2002 | 11706032 |
| the promoter of a basic pr1-like gene, atprb1, from arabidopsis establishes an organ-specific expression pattern and responsiveness to ethylene and methyl jasmonate. | antimicrobial proteins are a key feature underlying the deployment of both pre-formed and inducible defence responses. probably the most well characterised class are the pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins, which are found in both basic and acidic isoforms. here we describe the isolation and characterisation of a gene, designated atprb1, encoding a basic pr1-like protein from arabidopsis. this protein showed high amino acid sequence identity with basic and acidic pr1 proteins from other plant spe ... | 2001 | 11725949 |
| antibody binding to venom carbohydrates is a frequent cause for double positivity to honeybee and yellow jacket venom in patients with stinging-insect allergy. | up to 50% of patients with stinging-insect allergy have double-positive rast results to honeybee and yellow jacket (yj) venom. true double sensitization and crossreactivity through venom hyaluronidases are considered main reasons for this multiple reactivity. | 2001 | 11742287 |
| synthesis of structured triacylglycerols containing caproic acid by lipase-catalyzed acidolysis: optimization by response surface methodology. | production in a batch reactor with a solvent-free system of structured triacylglycerols containing short-chain fatty acids by lipozyme rm im-catalyzed acidolysis between rapeseed oil and caproic acid was optimized using response surface methodology (rsm). reaction time (t(r)), substrate ratio (s(r)), enzyme load (e(l), based on substrate), water content (w(c), based on enzyme), and reaction temperature (t(e)), the five most important parameters for the reaction, were chosen for the optimization. ... | 2001 | 11743762 |
| [formation of artificial nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rape (brassica napus var. napus) plants in nonsterile soil]. | the treatment of rape plants grown in nonsterile soil with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (auxin-like growth-promoting substance) or their inoculation with the bacterial association micrococcus sp. + rhodococcus sp. and/or with the mixed nitrogen-fixing culture azotobacter nigricans + bacillus sp. led to the formation of paranodules on the rape roots. the introduced bacteria were detected both in the intercellular space and inside the cells of the paranodules and the rape roots. the nitrogen-fix ... | 2001 | 11763792 |
| absorption and effects of 3-(n-phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol esters in relation to toxic oil syndrome. | toxic oil syndrome (tos) was an epidemic disease related to the consumption of rapeseed oil denatured with aniline that made its sudden appearance in spain in 1981. the fatty acid esters of 3-(n-phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol (pap), which is a chemical class of by-products resulting from the reaction of aniline with oil components, have shown a strong association with tos-related oils. these compounds also show some structural similarities to platelet-activating factor (paf). in search of a toxic ... | 2001 | 11768157 |
| characterization of a novel plant acyl-coa synthetase that is expressed in lipogenic tissues of brassica napus l. | a cdna encoding a novel isoform of acyl-coa synthetase (acs6) was isolated from embryos of oilseed rape. homology searches show it is most closely related to acs4 from rat and human brain rather than the other oilseed rape acss. the acs6 is strongly expressed in embryos and flowers, tissues of brassica napus that synthesize lipids at high rates. the activity of recombinantly expressed acs6 was recovered in the insoluble fraction (214,000 x g, 1 h pellet). chaps-solubilized recombinant acs6 prote ... | 2001 | 11785933 |
| structural elucidation of the specificity of the antibacterial agent triclosan for malarial enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase. | the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum synthesizes fatty acids using a type ii pathway that is absent in humans. the final step in fatty acid elongation is catalyzed by enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase, a validated antimicrobial drug target. here, we report the cloning and expression of the p. falciparum enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase gene, which encodes a 50-kda protein (pfenr) predicted to target to the unique parasite apicoplast. purified pfenr was crystallized, and its st ... | 2002 | 11792710 |
| pathology of "toxic oils" and selected metals in the mrl/lpr mouse. | the toxic oil syndrome epidemic that occurred in spain in 1981 and affected nearly 20,000 people was caused by ingestion of oil mixtures that contained analine-denatured rapeseed oil. to date, an animal model in which to identify the actual etiologic agents(s) and to investigate the pathogenesis of the disease has not been discovered. in this study, the mrl/lpr was used to assess the histopathological response of 3 "toxic oils" and 3 metals. the oils tested were a denatured rapeseed oil collecte ... | 2001 | 11794379 |
| relationships between sulfonylurea herbicide treatment of host plants and the performance of herbivorous insects. | previous work had shown that the sulfonylurea herbicide chlorsulfuron affected the survival of a herbivorous insect species dwelling on a sub-lethally exposed host plant. further experiments have been conducted to establish whether this negative effect was a single occurrence characteristics for the specific insect-plant interaction and the specific herbicide tested. three insect-plant interactions were tested for the effects of selected sulfonylurea herbicides, i.e. metsulfuron-methyl, chlorsul ... | 2001 | 11802605 |
| effect of dietary oils enriched with n-3 fatty acids on survival of mice. | female mice were fed a conventional diet, shifted at 119 days of age to a diet supplemented with 10 wt % lard (lar), high-linoleic (n-6) safflower oil (saf), rapeseed oil (low-erucic, rap), high-alpha-linolenic (n-3) perilla oil (per) or a mixture (1:9) of ethyl docosahexaenoate (n-3) and soybean oil (dha/soy). weight gain was less in the per group than in the other groups at 497 days of age. in the rap group, proteinuria was more severe than in the saf, per and dha/soy group, and hepatic triacy ... | 2001 | 11834206 |
| evaluation of potential biocontrol rhizobacteria from different host plants of verticillium dahliae kleb. | a screening approach was developed to assess the potential of rhizobacterial strains to control verticillium wilt caused by verticillium dahliae kleb. | 2001 | 11851803 |
| characterization and synthetic applications of recombinant atnit1 from arabidopsis thaliana. | the nitrilase atnit1 from arabidopsis thaliana was overexpressed in escherichia coli with an n-terminal his6 tag and purified by zinc chelate affinity chromatography in a single step almost to homogeneity in a 68% yield with a specific activity of 34.1 u.mg-1. the native enzyme (approximately 450 kda) consists of 11-13 subunits (38 kda). the temperature optimum was determined to be 35 degrees c and a ph optimum of 9 was found. thus, recombinant atnit1 resembles in its properties the native enzym ... | 2002 | 11856328 |
| characterization of a brassica napus myrosinase expressed and secreted by pichia pastoris. | in brassica napus three different gene families with different temporal and tissue-specific expression and distribution patterns encode myrosinases (thioglucoside glucohydrolases, ec 3.2.3.1). myrosinases encoded by the ma gene family are found as free and soluble dimers, while myrosinases encoded by the mb and mc gene families are mainly found in large insoluble complexes associated with myrosinase-binding proteins and myrosinase-associated proteins. these large complexes impede purification an ... | 2002 | 11858716 |
| characterization of cdnas encoding diacylglycerol acyltransferase from cultures of brassica napus and sucrose-mediated induction of enzyme biosynthesis. | cdnas encoding acyl-coa:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat, ec 2.3.1.20), designated bndgat1 and bndgat2, were obtained from a microspore-derived cell suspension culture of oilseed rape (brassica napus l. cv jet neuf). bndgat2 shares a very high level of identity with bndgat1, but is a smaller protein lacking the relatively hydrophilic n-terminal segment found in bndgat1. both transcripts were produced in the cell suspension cultures and the cdnas were functionally expressed in transformed yea ... | 2002 | 11880235 |
| [cloning and characterization of d-113 gene promoter from cotton]. | to study the expression of late embryogenesis abundant gene in seeds, the 1,024 bp 5' flanking sequence of d-113 gene, a late embryogenesis abundant gene of gossypium hirsutum cv. coker 312, was cloned by pcr. the similarity compared with the sequence of lea protein gene family published was 92.50%. there are three putative abres and one enhancer-like which riches a/t in the promoter. the promoter was fused to the beta-glucuronidase gene to form pld ii. via a particle bombardment, pld ii was int ... | 2002 | 11902000 |
| barriers to gene flow from oilseed rape (brassica napus) into populations of sinapis arvensis. | one concern over growing herbicide-tolerant crops is that herbicide-tolerance genes may be transferred into the weeds they are designed to control. brassica napus (oilseed rape) has a number of wild relatives that cause weed problems and the most widespread of these is sinapis arvensis (charlock). sinapis arvensis seed was collected from 102 populations across the uk, within and outside b. napus-growing areas. these populations were tested for sexual compatibility with b. napus and it was found ... | 2002 | 11903908 |
| molecular and regulatory properties of leucoplast pyruvate kinase from brassica napus (rapeseed) suspension cells. | plastidic pyruvate kinase (pk(p)) from brassica napus suspension cells was purified 431-fold to a final specific activity of 28 micromol phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) utilized/min/mg protein. sds-page, immunoblot and gel filtration analyses indicated that this pk(p) exists as a 380-kda heterohexamer composed of equal proportions of 64- (alpha-subunit) and 58-kda (beta-subunit) polypeptides. the n-terminal sequence of the pk(p) alpha- and beta-subunits exhibited maximal identity with the correspondin ... | 2002 | 11913971 |
| the composition of the major molecular species of adipose tissue triacylglycerols of rats reflects those of dietary rapeseed, olive and sunflower oils. | we report the composition of constituent fatty acids and molecular species of adipose tissue triacylglycerols of male weaned wistar rats fed diets containing, in addition to 20 g corn oil/kg feed, 120 g per kg feed canola-type rapeseed oil, olive oil or conventional sunflower oil for 10 wk. the composition of fatty acids and molecular species of the triacylglycerols of subcutaneous, epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues did not differ among groups (p > 0.01), broadly reflecting the correspond ... | 2002 | 11925468 |
| dietary fish oil and undaria pinnatifida (wakame) synergistically decrease rat serum and liver triacylglycerol. | japanese eating habits are characterized by the consumption of various food materials such as cereals, vegetables, fish, shellfish, marine algae and meat. therefore, properties of functional substances in food materials may be enhanced or lessened by the combination of various food materials. in the present study, we examined how the combination of wakame and fish containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are typical japanese food materials, affected rat lipid metabolism. rats were fed one o ... | 2002 | 11925471 |
| paenibacillus polymyxa produces fusaricidin-type antifungal antibiotics active against leptosphaeria maculans, the causative agent of blackleg disease of canola. | a bacterial isolate capable of inhibiting the growth of leptosphaeria maculans (desmaz.) ces. & de not., the causative agent of blackleg disease of canola (brassica napus l. and brassica rapa l.), was identified as a potential biological control agent. this environmental isolate was determined to be paenibacillus polymyxa based on its (i) biochemical and growth characteristics and (ii) 16s rrna sequence similarity, and was given the strain designation pkb1. antifungal peptides were produced by p ... | 2002 | 11958569 |
| influence of a conjugated linoleic acid mixture on growth, organ weights, carcass traits and meat quality in growing pigs. | grain soybean meal diets, either with 2% of a conjugated linoleic acid (cla) preparation or with 2% rapeseed oil (control), were tested in 2 x 40 pigs, pietrain x (landrace x large white), each group with 20 female in the live weight range 23.5-117.0 kg and 20 male-castrated pigs in the live weight range 23.5-110.6 kg. the cla-content of the preparation amounted to 54.0% cis/trans + trans/cis, 8.7% cis/cis and 32.7% trans/trans isomers. daily weight gain, feed intake and feed : gain ratio were n ... | 2002 | 11972681 |
| response of spring rape (brassica napus var. oleifera l.) to inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase depends on nutrient status of the plant. | responses of rape (brassica napus var. oleifera l.) to inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, pseudomonas putida am2, pseudomonas putida bm3, alcaligenes xylosoxidans cm4, and pseudomonas sp. dp2, containing 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylate (acc) deaminase were studied using growth pouch and soil cultures. in growth pouch culture, the bacteria significantly increased root elongation of phosphorus-sufficient seedlings, whereas root elongation of phosphorus-deficient seedlings was ... | 2002 | 11989762 |
| in situ fixation of metals in soils using bauxite residue: biological effects. | soils polluted with heavy metals can cause phytotoxicity and exhibit impared microbial activities. in this paper we evaluate the responses of different biological endpoints to in situ remediation processes. three soil amendments (red mud, beringite and lime) were applied to two soils polluted by heavy metals. oilseed rape, wheat, pea and lettuce were grown successively in pots on the untreated and amended soils and their yield and metal uptake were determined. a suite of microbial tests (lux-mar ... | 2002 | 12009143 |
| high-level production of gamma-linolenic acid in brassica juncea using a delta6 desaturase from pythium irregulare. | gamma-linolenic acid (gla), a nutritionally important fatty acid in mammals, is synthesized by a delta6 desaturase. here, we report identification of pid6, a new cdna from the oleaginous fungus, pythium irregulare, encoding a 459-amino acid protein that shares sequence similarity to carboxyl-directed desaturases from various species. expression of pid6 in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) revealed that it converts exogenously supplied linoleic acid into gla, indicating that it encodes a delta6 fa ... | 2002 | 12011365 |
| phylogenetic analysis of microbial diversity in the rhizoplane of oilseed rape (brassica napus cv. westar) employing cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent approaches. | the structure of the microbial rhizoplane community of the important crop plant oilseed rape was studied by using a culture-dependent as well as a culture-independent approach based on 16s rdna amplification. after isolation of the microbial community from the rhizoplane of oilseed rape (brassica napus cv. westar), the collected suspension was divided into two parts. one part was used for cultivation of bacteria onto three different growth media to establish a culture collection. from the other ... | 2001 | 12024277 |
| recombinant pronapin precursor produced in pichia pastoris displays structural and immunologic equivalent properties to its mature product isolated from rapeseed. | 2s albumin storage proteins from rapeseed (brassica napus), called napins, consist of two different polypeptide chains linked by disulphide bridges, which are derived by proteolytic cleavage from a single precursor. the precursor form of the napin bnib (probnib) has been cloned using a pcr strategy and sequenced. the amino-acid sequence deduced from the clone includes 31 residues of the small chain and 75 of the large chain, which are connected by the peptide ser-glu-asn. expression of the cdna ... | 2002 | 12027892 |
| ability of honeybee, apis mellifera, to detect and discriminate odors of varieties of canola (brassica rapa and brassica napus) and snapdragon flowers (antirrhinum majus). | honeybees (apis mellifera) use odors to identify and discriminate among flowers during foraging. this series of experiments examined the ability of bees to detect and discriminate among the floral odors of different varieties of two species of canola (brassica rapa and brassica napus) and also among three varieties of snapdragons (antirhinnum majus). individual worker honeybees were trained using a proboscis extension assay. the ability of bees to distinguish a floral odor from an air stimulus d ... | 2002 | 12035922 |
| molecular cloning of a brassica napus thiohydroximate s-glucosyltransferase gene and its expression in escherichia coli. | a genomic clone encoding a thiohydroximate s-glucosyltransferase (s-gt) was isolated from brassica napus by library screening with probes generated by pcr using degenerated primers. its corresponding cdna was amplified by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) pcr and also cloned by cdna library screening. the genomic clone was 5 896 bp long and contained a 173-bp intron. at least two copies of the s-gt gene were present in b. napus. the full-length cdna clone was 1.5 kb long and contained an o ... | 2001 | 12060294 |
| reduction of ammonia and odour emissions from pig slurry under slats using oil and foam layers. | in europe, new legislation on environmental protection requires reductions in emissions of ammonia and odour from animal production. animal housing is identified as one of the biggest ammonia emission sources in pig production, but abatement techniques for animal houses often require high initial cost. the aims of this study were to investigate the use of layers of oil and foam on slurry under slats. it was found that relatively low-cost, used frying oil (mainly rapeseed oil) could reduce ammoni ... | 2002 | 12088366 |
| plant-dependent genotypic and phenotypic diversity of antagonistic rhizobacteria isolated from different verticillium host plants. | to study the effect of plant species on the abundance and diversity of bacterial antagonists, the abundance, the phenotypic diversity, and the genotypic diversity of rhizobacteria isolated from potato, oilseed rape, and strawberry and from bulk soil which showed antagonistic activity towards the soilborne pathogen verticillium dahliae kleb. were analyzed. rhizosphere and soil samples were taken five times over two growing seasons in 1998 and 1999 from a randomized field trial. bacterial isolates ... | 2002 | 12089011 |
| regulation and characterization of four cbf transcription factors from brassica napus. | four orthologues of the arabidopsis cbf/dreb transcriptional activator genes were isolated from the winter brassica napus, cv. jet neuf. all four bncbf clones encode a putative dre/crt (ltre)-binding protein with an ap2 dna-binding domain, a putative nuclear localization signal and a possible acidic activation domain. deduced amino acid sequences suggested that bncbfs 5, 7and 16 are very similar to the arabidopsis cbfi whereas bncbf17 is different in that it contains two extra regions of 16 and ... | 2002 | 12090622 |
| regulation of the high-affinity ammonium transporter (bnamt1;2) in the leaves of brassica napus by nitrogen status. | substantial concentrations of nh4+ are found in the apoplast of the leaves of brassica napus. physiological studies on isolated mesophyll protoplasts with 15nh4+ revealed the presence of a high-affinity ammonium transporter that shared physiological similarity to the high-affinity nh4+ transporters in arabidopsis thaliana (atamt1;3). pcr techniques were used to isolate a full-length clone of a b. napus homologue of amt1 from shoot mrna which showed 97% similarity to atamt1;3. the full-length cdn ... | 2002 | 12090624 |
| ethanol vapor is an efficient inducer of the alc gene expression system in model and crop plant species. | we have demonstrated that low concentrations of ethanol vapor efficiently induce the alc gene expression system in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv samsun nn), potato (solanum tuberosum cv solara), and oilseed rape (brassica napus cv westar). for many situations, this may be the preferred method of induction because it avoids direct application of comparatively high concentrations of an ethanol solution. although induction was seen with less than 0.4 microm ethanol vapor, maximal induction of the c ... | 2002 | 12114549 |
| the plastid translocon component toc36 exhibits an affinity for the bacterial protein translocation process. | the 44-kda envelope polypeptides are active components of the plastid translocon, but their role in plastid protein import remains elusive. one form from brassica napus (bntoc36b) was previously observed to exert a significant overall effect on bacterial protein translocation, but the nature of the influence requires further characterization. the experimental strategies employed in this study thus focus specifically on the nature of the bntoc36b-bacterial sec translocon relationship to gain an u ... | 2002 | 12127079 |
| the role of gibberellins in embryo axis development. | the role of gibberellins (gas) during early embryo development was examined using microspore-derived embryos (mdes) of brassica napus. at the globular stage of development, 10 d after initial culture (dac) when endogenous ga(1) levels are increasing rapidly, a triazole, uniconazole, was used at 1, 33 and 100 microm to inhibit ga biosynthesis. within this dose range there was no apparent effect of the inhibitor on embryo growth through to the early torpedo stage. however, by 25 dac uniconazole-tr ... | 2002 | 12147724 |
| a kas2 cdna complements the phenotypes of the arabidopsis fab1 mutant that differs in a single residue bordering the substrate binding pocket. | the fab1 mutant of arabidopsis is partially deficient in activity of beta-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] synthase ii (kas ii). this defect results in increased levels of 16:0 fatty acid and is associated with damage and death of the mutants at low temperature. transformation of fab1 plants with a cdna from brassica napus encoding a kas ii enzyme resulted in complementation of both mutant phenotypes. the dual complementation by expression of the single gene proves that low-temperature damage is ... | 2002 | 12148534 |
| immunoglobulin and autoantibody responses in mrl/lpr mice treated with 'toxic oils'. | the toxic oil syndrome (tos) occurred in spain in 1981 as a result of ingestion of oil mixtures containing aniline-denatured rapeseed oil. the disease afflicted almost 20000 people, resulted in more than 400 deaths, and mimicked an autoimmune disease in all patients. phenilamine-propanediol (pap) has been implicated as a possible etiologic agent of tos but absence of an acceptable animal model to evaluate the autoimmune potential of the 'case oil' has hindered identification of the actual etiolo ... | 2002 | 12160619 |
| complex formation of myrosinase isoenzymes in oilseed rape seeds are dependent on the presence of myrosinase-binding proteins. | the enzyme myrosinase (ec 3.2.3.1) degrades the secondary compounds glucosinolates upon wounding and serves as a defense to generalist pests in capparales. certain myrosinases are present in complexes together with other proteins such as myrosinase-binding proteins (mbp) in extracts of oilseed rape (brassica napus) seeds. immunhistochemical analysis of wild-type seeds showed that mbps were present in most cells but not in the myrosin cells, indicating that the complex formation observed in extra ... | 2002 | 12177471 |
| toward sustainable production of protein-rich foods: appraisal of eight crops for western europe. part i. analysis of the primary links of the production chain. | increased production of plant protein is required to support the production of protein-rich foods that can replace meat in the human diet to reduce the strain that intensive animal husbandry poses to the environment. the suitability of lupin (lupinus spp.), pea (pisum sativum), quinoa (chenopodium quinoa willd.), triticale (x triticosecale), lucerne (medicago sativa), grasses (lolium and festuca spp.), rapeseed/canola (brassica napus), and potato (solanum tuberosum) for protein production in wes ... | 2002 | 12180778 |
| toxic oil syndrome: the perspective after 20 years. | toxic oil syndrome burst upon the scene in spain in may of 1981, draining the resources of a newly evolving political and social medicine system. the vehicle of the causative toxic agent was identified as an illicit oil that had been diverted from industrial use and refined in order to remove the aniline denaturant, and that was sold in unlabeled 5-liter containers by itinerant salesmen. over 20,000 people were ultimately affected, and over 1,200 deaths from all causes have been recorded in the ... | 2001 | 12192735 |
| relationships between digestibilities of food components and characteristics of wheats (triticum aestivum) introduced as the only cereal source in a broiler chicken diet. | 1. the aim of the experiment was to establish relationships between chemical or physical characteristics of wheats (triticum aestivum) and digestibilities of food components in broiler chickens fed on wheat-based diets. twenty-two wheat samples, each differing by their cultivar origin, were included at 550 g/kg in diets offered to male ross broiler chicks. the other main ingredients were soya bean meal (340 g/kg) and rapeseed oil (68.5 g/kg). diets were given as pellets. 2. in vitro viscosities ... | 2002 | 12195800 |
| mutations in turnip mosaic virus p3 and cylindrical inclusion proteins are separately required to overcome two brassica napus resistance genes. | the brassica napus differential line 165 is resistant to infection by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolates belonging to pathotypes 1 and 3. nucleotide sequences of resistance-breaking mutants of pathotype 1 (uk 1), pathotype 3 (chn 12), and wild-type isolates have been determined. when the mutations identified were introduced into an infectious clone of uk 1, a single mutation in the viral p3 protein induced a hypersensitive (necrotic) response in inoculated leaves of line 165 plants. full system ... | 2002 | 12202205 |
| importance of the chiral centers of jasmonic acid in the responses of plants (activities and antagonism between natural and synthetic analogs). | the importance of the two chiral centers at c-3 and c-7 in the molecular structure of jasmonic acid in plant responses was investigated. we separated methyl jasmonate (meja) into (3r)- and (3s)-isomers with a fixed stereochemistry at c-3, but epimerization at c-7 is possible. the four isomers of the nonepimerizable analog 7-methyl meja were synthesized. these six esters and their corresponding acids were tested in three bioassays: (a) senescence in sunflower (helianthus annuus) cotyledons; (b) p ... | 1997 | 12223716 |
| involvement of cytochrome p450 in glucosinolate biosynthesis in white mustard (a biochemical anomaly). | one of the first steps in glucosinolate biosynthesis is the conversion of amino acids to their aldoximes. the biochemistry of this process is controversial, and several very different enzyme systems have been described. the major glucosinolate in white mustard (sinapis alba) is sinalbin, which is derived from tyrosine via its aldoxime, and this conversion is catalyzed by a cytochrome p450 (cyt p450) monooxygenase. phenylethyl- and alkenylglucosinolates are also present in white mustard leaves, a ... | 1997 | 12223771 |
| cholinephosphotransferase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (substrate specificities at a key branch point in seed lipid metabolism). | many oilseed plants accumulate triacylglycerols that contain unusual fatty acyl structures rather than the common 16- and 18-carbon fatty acids found in membrane lipids of these plants. in vitro experiments demonstrate that triacylglycerols are synthesized via diacylglycerols in microsomal preparations and that this same sub-cellular fraction is the site for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, which in seeds is synthesized from diacylglycerol by cdp-choline: diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransf ... | 1996 | 12226231 |
| insect control and dosage effects in transgenic canola containing a synthetic bacillus thuringiensis cryiac gene. | zygotic hypocotyls of canola (brassica napus l.) cv oscar, cv westar, and the breeding line uga188-20b were transformed with a truncated synthetic bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein gene (bt cryiac) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. fifty-seven independently transformed lines were produced, containing 1 to 12 copies of the transgenes. a range of cry expressors was produced from 0 to 0.4% cry as ... | 1996 | 12226379 |
| sterol c-24 methyltransferase type 1 controls the flux of carbon into sterol biosynthesis in tobacco seed. | the first committed step in the conversion of cycloartenol into delta(5) c24-alkyl sterols in plants is catalyzed by an s-adenosyl-methionine-dependent sterol-c24-methyltransferase type 1 (smt1). we report the consequences of overexpressing smt1 in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), under control of either the constitutive carnation etched ring virus promoter or the seed-specific brassica napus acyl-carrier protein promoter, on sterol biosynthesis in seed tissue. overexpression of smt1 with either pro ... | 2002 | 12226510 |
| the 5[prime] flanking regions of vicilin and napin storage protein genes are down-regulated by desiccation in transgenic tobacco. | drying of seeds, when imposed prematurely, elicits a switch in metabolism; events unique to development, such as synthesis of storage protein, are terminated, whereas syntheses associated with germination and growth are initiated. to determine the role of desiccation in down-regulating the expression of genes for storage proteins, the desiccation responsiveness of the 5[prime] and 3[prime] regulatory regions of the genes encoding the pea storage protein vicilin and the brassica napus storage pro ... | 1995 | 12228448 |
| in vivo photomodification of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase holoenzyme by ultraviolet-b radiation (formation of a 66-kilodalton variant of the large subunit). | increased levels of solar ultraviolet (290-320 nm) (uv-b) radiation could have profound effects on plant proteins because the aromatic amino acids in proteins absorb strongly in this spectral region. we have investigated the effects of uv-b radiation on plant proteins and have observed a novel 66-kd protein. this product was formed in vivo when brassica napus l. plants grown for 21 d in 65 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 photosynthetically active radiation were subsequently exposed to 65 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 photosy ... | 1995 | 12228590 |
| developmental profile of diacylglycerol acyltransferase in maturing seeds of oilseed rape and safflower and microspore-derived cultures of oilseed rape. | diacylglycerol acyltransferase (ec 2.3.1.20) activity was assayed during the maturation of seeds of oilseed rape (brassica napus l.) and safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.). developmental studies were also conducted with microspore-derived embryos of oilseed rape (b. napus l. cv topas) and an embryogenic microspore-derived cell-suspension culture of winter oilseed rape (b. napus l. cv jet neuf). in the maturing seeds, diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity increased to a maximum during rapid ac ... | 1993 | 12231845 |
| synergistic enhancement of the antifungal activity of wheat and barley thionins by radish and oilseed rape 2s albumins and by barley trypsin inhibitors. | although thionins and 2s albumins are generally considered as storage proteins, both classes of seed proteins are known to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. we have now found that the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) or barley (hordeum vulgare l.) thionin concentration required for 50% inhibition of fungal growth is lowered 2- to 73-fold when combined with 2s albumins (at sub- or noninhibitory concentrations) from radish (raphanus sativus l.) or oilseed rape (brassica napus l.). furthermore, t ... | 1993 | 12232024 |
| immunopurification and immunocharacterization of the glucosinolate biosynthetic enzyme thiohydroximate s-glucosyltransferase. | preparing homogeneous udp-glucose:thiohydroximate s-glucosyltransferase (s-gt), the penultimate biosynthetic enzyme of glucosinolates, by standard chromatographic methods has yielded too little protein for adequate purity evaluation, identity verification, and structural analysis. the low yields were apparently due to low abundance in source tissues, aggravated by enzyme instability. here we describe an immunological method for purification of workable quantities from florets of brassica olerace ... | 1994 | 12232212 |
| studies into factors contributing to substrate specificity of membrane-bound 3-ketoacyl-coa synthases. | we are interested in constructing a model for the substrate-binding site of fatty acid elongase-1 3-ketoacyl coa synthase (fae1 kcs), the enzyme responsible for production of very long chain fatty acids of plant seed oils. arabidopsis thaliana and brassica napus fae1 kcs enzymes are highly homologous but the seed oil content of these plants suggests that their substrate specificities differ with respect to acyl chain length. we used in vivo and in vitro assays of saccharomyces cerevisiae-express ... | 2002 | 12354110 |
| potential non-phytopathogenic filamentous fungi for bioconversion of domestic wastewater sludge. | ten filamentous fungi adapted to domestic wastewater sludge (dws) were further studied to evaluate their potential in terms of adaptation to higher sludge supplemented growing media and phytopathogenicity (induction of diseases to plants) to three germinating crop (corn: zea mays, mung bean: phaseolus aureus and mustard: brassica napus) seeds. the performances of the fungi in seed germination were evaluated based on percent germination index (gi) and infected/spotted seeds on direct fungal bioma ... | 2002 | 12369641 |
| identification of agrobacterium spp. present within brassica napus seed by taqman pcr--implications for gm screening procedures. | a fluorogenic probe (flig-p), designed within a chromosomal dna sequence, was used in a taqman pcr assay to identify agrobacterium spp. the taqman assay detected 58 of 59 agrobacterium strains tested, but did not detect 13 other rhizobiaceae strains. seedlings were grown from seven lots of surface-sterilised brassica napus seed. seedlings from these samples were placed in phosphate buffer and the resulting suspensions used to inoculate broth media selective for agrobacterium biovars 1 and 2. lys ... | 2002 | 12375101 |
| brassica napus soluble epoxide hydrolase (bnseh1). | epoxide hydrolase (ec 3.3.2.3) in plants is involved in the metabolism of epoxy fatty acids and in mediating defence responses. we report the cloning of a full-length epoxide hydrolase cdna (bnseh1) from oilseed rape (brassica napus) obtained by screening of a cdna library prepared from methyl jasmonate induced leaf tissue, and the 5'-race technique. the cdna encodes a soluble protein containing 318 amino acid residues. the identity on the protein level is 85% to an arabidopsis soluble epoxide h ... | 2002 | 12392563 |
| restoring enzyme activity in nonfunctional low erucic acid brassica napus fatty acid elongase 1 by a single amino acid substitution. | genomic fatty acid elongation 1 (fae1) clones from high erucic acid (hea) brassica napus, brassica rapa and brassica oleracea, and low erucic acid (lea) b. napus cv. westar, were amplified by pcr and expressed in yeast cells under the control of the strong galactose-inducible promoter. as expected, yeast cells expressing the fae1 genes from hea brassica spp. synthesized very long chain monounsaturated fatty acids that are not normally found in yeast, while fatty acid profiles of yeast cells expr ... | 2002 | 12423362 |
| acyl-coa measurements in plants suggest a role in regulating various cellular processes. | acyl-coa esters have been shown to be involved in regulating metabolism and cell signalling in bacteria, yeast and mammalian cells, but little is known about their role in plants. using a new method for the sensitive detection and quantification of acyl-coa esters, we have recently shown that acyl-coa pools can be dramatically altered in transgenic oilseed rape embryos, engineered to produce medium-chain fatty acids, and in mutant arabidopsis seedlings that are unable to mobilize storage lipid. ... | 2002 | 12440981 |
| effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acids on the distribution of fatty acids in serum lipoprotein fractions and different tissues of growing pigs. | the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) on blood lipids [total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (hdl), low-density lipoprotein (ldl) and triacylglycerols (tag)] and the fatty acid distribution of the lipoprotein fractions, backfat, muscle fat, and liver lipids were examined in an experiment with two groups of 40 pigs [pietrain x (landrace x large white)] each. the 20 female and 20 male castrated pigs of each group were fed with isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets supplemented with ei ... | 2002 | 12452973 |
| isocitrate lyase is essential for pathogenicity of the fungus leptosphaeria maculans to canola (brassica napus). | a pathogenicity gene has been identified in leptosphaeria maculans, the ascomycetous fungus that causes blackleg disease of canola (brassica napus). this gene encodes isocitrate lyase, a component of the glyoxylate cycle, and is essential for the successful colonization of b. napus. it was identified by a reverse genetics approach whereby a plasmid conferring hygromycin resistance was inserted randomly into the l. maculans genome. twelve of 516 transformants tested had reduced pathogenicity on c ... | 2002 | 12455691 |
| cyp79b1 from sinapis alba converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime. | the cytochrome p450 cyp79b1 from sinapis alba has been heterologously expressed in escherichia coli and shown to catalyze the conversion of tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime. three expression constructs were made, one expressing the native protein and two expressing proteins with different n-terminal modifications. the native construct gave the highest yield as estimated by enzymatic activity per liter of culture. spheroplasts of e. coli expressing cyp79b1 were reconstituted with the arabidops ... | 2003 | 12464264 |
| monosaccharide composition and properties of a deglycosylated turnip peroxidase isozyme. | a neutral peroxidase isozyme (tp) purified from turnip (brassica napus l. var. purple top white globe) was partially deglycosylated, using chemical and enzymatic treatment. a 32% carbohydrate removal was achieved by exposing tp to a mixture of pngase f, o-glycosidase, nanase, galase iii and hexase i, while m-periodate treatment removed about 88% of tp carbohydrate moiety. the glycoprotein fraction of the tp contained a relatively high mannose and fucose content (37 and 31%, w/w, respectively), 1 ... | 2003 | 12475613 |
| expression of a streptomyces 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase gene in oilseeds for converting phytosterols to phytostanols. | plant sterols and their hydrogenated forms, stanols, have attracted much attention because of their benefits to human health in reducing serum and ldl cholesterol levels, with vegetable oil processing being their major source in several food products currently sold. the predominant forms of plant sterol end products are sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and brassicasterol (in brassica). in this study, 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase from streptomyces hygroscopicus was utilized to engineer oilseeds ... | 2003 | 12475617 |
| cholesterol precursors and plant sterols in children with food allergy. | the data on lipid metabolism in allergic children is limited. | 2003 | 12499322 |
| molecular characterization of two plant bi-1 homologues which suppress bax-induced apoptosis in human 293 cells. | to date, few homologues of animal programmed cell death (pcd) regulators have been identified in plants. among these is the plant bax inhibitor-1 (bi-1) protein, which possesses, like its human counterpart, the ability to suppress bax-induced lethality in yeast cells. as the role of bi-1 in the regulation of plant pcd remains to be elucidated, we cloned bnbi-1 and ntbi-1 from cdna libraries of oilseed rape ( brassica napus l.) and tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.). the analysis of the deduced amin ... | 2003 | 12520328 |
| identification of a triacylglycerol lipase gene family in candida deformans: molecular cloning and functional expression. | the yeast candida deformans cbs 2071 produces an extracellular lipase which was shown to catalyse the production of various esters by the esterification of free fatty acids, even in the presence of a large molar excess of water. to clone the gene encoding this extracellular lipase, saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with c. deformans genomic libraries and screened for lipolytic activity on a medium containing rapeseed oil emulsion and rhodamine b. three members of a lipase gene family (cdl ... | 2003 | 12557276 |
| stereospecific incorporation of palmitoyl, oleoyl and linoleoyl moieties into adipose tissue triacylglycerols of rats results in constant sn-1:sn-2:sn-3 in rats fed rapeseed, olive, conventional or high oleic sunflower oils, but not in those fed coriander oil. | we report the stereospecific (sn-1, sn-2, sn-3) distribution of fatty acids in subcutaneous adipose tissue triacylglycerols of male weaned wistar rats fed either a standard diet or diets containing, in addition to 20 g corn oil/kg feed, 120 g/kg feed, each, of canola-type rapeseed oil, olive oil, conventional or high oleic sunflower oil or high petroselinic coriander oil for 10 wk. the regiospecific distribution of the major acyl moieties in the sn-1 (3) vs. sn-2 positions of the adipose tissue ... | 2003 | 12566480 |
| co-ordinate regulation of sterol biosynthesis enzyme activity during accumulation of sterols in developing rape and tobacco seed. | the activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase, sterol methyl transferase 1 and sterol acyltransferase, key enzymes involved in phytosterol biosynthesis were shown to be co-ordinately regulated during oilseed rape ( brassica napus l.) and tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.) seed development. in both plants, enzyme activities were low during the initial stages of seed development, increasing towards mid-maturation where they remained stable for a time, before declining rapidly as t ... | 2003 | 12569414 |
| arabidopsis thaliana-derived resistance against leptosphaeria maculans in a brassica napus genomic background. | stem canker (blackleg) caused by leptosphaeria maculans is a widespread disease of brassica napus. in contrast, most arabidopsis thaliana accessions are highly resistant. hence, novel material derived from symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybrids between b. napus and a. thaliana was utilised in a screen for l. maculans resistance. initially, both cotyledon and adult-leaf resistance traits were transferred from a. thaliana to b. napus. in later generations the two traits segregated and cotyledon ... | 2002 | 12582497 |